taxonId type source description identifier reference coreId wfo-4000032312 morphology E2D0D6C5-62EF-4365-B9B6-20F69E1C8A46 Style slender, slightly longer than corolla-tube, somewhat tapered at apex; stigmatic knob ± as wide as long, 2–several-lobed, lobes only separating to reveal stigmatic surface in ♀ and hermaphrodite flowers, solid, attached to style at base or sometimes slightly recessed; ovary 2(–10 outside Africa)-locular, each locule containing one pendulous ovule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35231-1 wfo-4000032312 morphology E2D0D6C5-62EF-4365-B9B6-20F69E1C8A46 Disk annular or hemispherical; the area between the ovary and disc sometimes elongate (in Madagascan species only) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35231-1 wfo-4000032312 morphology E2D0D6C5-62EF-4365-B9B6-20F69E1C8A46 Fruit yellow to red, fleshy; 2-locular fruit subspherical to heart-shaped or less often didymous, bilaterally flattened, often elaborated with extra lobes or wings; multilocular fruit lobed according to number of locules; pyrenes thinly woody to woody, narrowly obovoid to obovoid with ventral face flattened, crested around the apex, eventually dehiscing from the point of attachment back along the crest (fig. 132/22, p. 754) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35231-1 wfo-4000032312 morphology E2D0D6C5-62EF-4365-B9B6-20F69E1C8A46 Seeds ± narrowly obovoid with ventral face flattened and apex somewhat crested; endosperm entire; testa finely reticulate; embryo straight or slightly curved with radicle erect; cotyledons small, set perpendicular to ventral face of seed. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35231-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Trees, shrubs, scandent shrubs or sometimes lianes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Leaves mostly evergreen but sometimes deciduous and restricted to apex of branches, paired or rarely ternate, petiolate or sometimes subsessile; blades typically coriaceous but less often chartaceous, glabrous or sometimes pubescent; domatia glabrous or pubescent or sometimes absent; stipules usually with a truncate base bearing a decurrent, slightly to very strongly keeled, sometimes foliaceous lobe or, less often, lanceolate to ovate and soon caducous, never with silky white hairs inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Flowers 4–5-merous, borne in sessile to pedunculate umbellate cymes, in pedunculate clearly branched cymes or very rarely solitary; bracts and bracteoles typically inconspicuous or occasionally conspicuous or sometimes (not in Africa) entirely enclosing developing inflorescence and eventually rupturing into 2 or more segments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Calyx-tube broadly ellipsoid to almost hemispherical; limb a truncate to dentate rim, occasionally equalling the tube in length but often much shorter urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Corolla white to yellow; tube broadly cylindrical, mostly equal to the lobes in length or somewhat longer or shorter, inside usually with a ring of deflexed hairs or sometimes with hairs not restricted to a well-defined ring or absent, often pubescent at throat; lobes reflexed, often thickened towards apex and obtuse to acute, rarely acuminate-apiculate, very rarely apiculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Stamens set at corolla throat; filaments well developed; anthers lanceolate to narrowly ovate, attached shortly above base, reflexed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Style long, slender, always exceeding corolla-tube, glabrous, sometimes narrowing at apex; stigmatic knob cylindrical, always longer than wide, occasionally flaired or somewhat narrowed at base, hollow to about mid-point, bifid or rarely deeply cleft at apex when mature; ovary 2-locular, each locule containing 1 ovule, attached to the upper 1/3 of the septum urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Disk glabrous or pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Fruit a 2-seeded drupe, small (or sometimes large in India) ellipsoid to didymous; pyrenes cartilaginous to woody, ± ellipsoid and flattened on ventral face or laterally flattened-spherical, usually with a very shallow crest extending from point of attachment around apex which eventually splits and with grooves from point of attachment extending to lateral faces, scarcely bullate, rugulose or deeply furrowed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Seeds with endosperm entire; testa very finely reticulate; embryo almost straight or curved to a C-shape (according to the pyrene shape); radicle erect; cotyledons small, parallel to ventral face of seed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000031849 morphology 8478DF97-EF34-49CC-882F-78E80FD08DA3 Figs. 131/15, 17, 24, p. 752 & 132/23, p. 754. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:35218-1 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Climbers or scandent shrubs; stems glabrous or frequently pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Leaves paired, petiolate, not restricted to new growth at apex of branches; blades chartaceous or occasionally coriaceous; leaves subtending lateral branches sometimes smaller and broader than main leaves; stipules lanceolate to ovate or triangular at base and acuminate to linear above, never keeled, never with white silky hairs inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Flowers 4–6-merous, borne in pedunculate, usually distinctly branched cymes; bracts and bracteoles often conspicuous, Calyx-tube ellipsoid to ovoid; limb equalling or sometimes exceeding tube in length, repand to dentate or less often lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Corolla white, cream or yellow; tube cylindrical, usually ± equalling lobes, sometimes shorter or rarely longer, typically with a ring of deflexed hairs inside; lobes reflexed, often thickened at apex but never apiculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Stamens set at throat of corolla; filaments moderately well developed; anthers fully or partly exserted but usually not reflexed, narrowly ovate or oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Style long, slender, ± twice as long as the corolla-tube; stigmatic knob cylindrical, distinctly longer than wide, hollow to below apex, bifid at apex when mature (fig.131/16, p. 752); ovary 2-locular, each locule containing 1 ovule attached to upper 1/3 of the septum urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Disk puberulous to pubescent or infrequently glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Fruit a 2-seeded drupe, slightly to strongly bilobed, somewhat laterally flattened, slightly to strongly indented at apex, sometimes 1-seeded by abortion and asymmetrical; pyrenes woody or less often cartilaginous, usually ± ovoid with ventral face flattened, rugulose or somewhat colliculate; point of attachment on ventral face above centre or near apex; lid-like area completely or incompletely defined, either lying along ventral face above point of attachment or across apex, provided with a central crest, eventually dehiscent around circumference (fig. 132/25, 26, p. 754) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000019892 morphology 4535565D-B1D7-4A78-AE90-D26AA93453AB Seeds ovoid, shaped at apex according to position of lid-like area in pyrene, convoluted; endosperm streaked with tanniniferous areas (resembling a ruminate endosperm, except that the testa is never invaginated) occasionally with tannin granules ± evenly dispersed or less often absent; testa thin, very finely reticulate; embryo straight with erect radicle and small cotyledons lying parallel to ventral face of seed (fig.131/25, p. 752). urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326034-2 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Trees or shrubs, the branches in some species armed with spines (not in Old World) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Leaves opposite or rarely ternate, petiolate; stipules interpetiolar or intrapetiolar, simple, persistent or soon falling, free or connate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamo-dioecious, showing limited heterostyly, (4–)5–6(–9) even 11-merous, usually sessile, mostly secundly arranged in axillary pedunculate apically dichotomously branched inflorescences or rarely solitary or in groups of 2–3; bracteoles present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Calyx shortly tubular, globose or ovoid, the limb truncate or 2–9-toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Corolla white, yellowish or red to reddish purple, salver-shaped; throat glabrous or nearly so; lobes imbricate or subvalvate, the margins often wavy or crenulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Stamens 4–9, inserted in the throat, included; anthers sessile or nearly so, dorsifixed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Ovary 2–9-locular; ovules solitary, pendulous; style slender; stigma ± capitate, slightly bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Fruit globose or subglobose, ± fleshy or fibrous with woody or bony endocarp, 2–9-locular, containing 2–9 pyrenes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000016337 morphology 946F11BD-83CB-434C-BB9E-A3E52766DD2E Seeds with little or no endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34671-1 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Trees or shrubs, less often climbers or scramblers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Leaves alternate or in a few (but sometimes very common species) subopposite, petiolate, simple, often large, entire to crenate-dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Flowers mostly white, yellow or orange, hermaphrodite, polygamous or unisexual (plant dioecious), subsessile or pedicellate, borne in terminal or axillary dichotomous corymbs, panicles or subglobose clusters of cymes, the branches scorpioid, without bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Male flowers with 4–8 stamens, the filaments often hairy at the base; ovary rudimentary but style absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Female with anthers sterile, otherwise similar to ♂ flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Calyx tubular or campanulate, smooth or with marked ribs, 2–5(–more)-lobed, persistent and accrescent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Corolla funnel-shaped or salver-shaped, mostly 5- but sometimes 3–8-lobed; tube short or long, cylindric or widened; lobes erect, spreading or reflexed, imbricate or subcontorted in bud. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Stamens exserted or included, the filaments glabrous or pubescent at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Ovary 4-locular with 1 erect ovule in each locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Style terminal, twice bifid (or abnormally twice trifid), the ultimate stigmatic parts of the 4 branches linear to subfoliaceous or terminated by 1 capitate or peltate stigma, rarely with 4 separate styles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Fruits ovoid, globose or ellipsoid, included in or sitting in the persistent accrescent cupuliform calyx; endocarp bony with up to 4 locules but only 1–2 fertile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000009266 morphology D86B8508-739A-472D-912A-ECC6EE659E1A Seeds without endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003373-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Trees or shrubs with alternate, petiolate, simple, entire or toothed leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Flowers mostly small, hermaphrodite or polygamous, sessile or pedicellate in much branched axillary or terminal cymose inflorescences, the individual cymules mostly scorpioid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Calyx mostly small, campanulate, deeply divided into 4–5 imbricate lobes, ciliate but glabrous inside; tube short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Corolla white, yellowish or blue, campanulate or subrotate, usually small, the tube very short or longer than the lobes; lobes (4–)5(–7), oblong, imbricate, spreading or reflexed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Stamens inserted at or near the throat, usually exserted; anthers oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Ovary subglobose with either 2, 2-ovuled locules or 4, 1-ovuled locules; style terminal, scarcely to deeply divided into 2 branches terminated by capitate stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Fruits subglobose, fleshy, breaking up at maturity into 2, 2-locular mericarps or 4, 1-locular mericarps urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000013060 morphology 26747477-90E5-44C4-AA96-6F8D28D26830 Seeds 4 or less by abortion. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012300-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Trees or shrubs, glabrous or tomentose-pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Leaves alternate or subverticellate, obovate-oblong, rarely acuminate, smooth or scabrid above urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Flowers small to quite large (up to 5 cm. long), few to many in lax dichotomous corymbose cymes, rarely solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Calyx globose or ovoid in bud, closed, splitting into 2–5 valvate teeth or lobes which are sometimes irregular and often cohering, tomentose inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Corolla-tube short or elongate-cylindrical, often broadened at the throat; lobes 5, ovate or broadly ovate, obovate or cordate, spreading, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Stamens 5, inserted in the tube, included or exserted; filaments filiform, short; anthers ovate or oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Ovary 4-locular; style terminal, bifid, or entire in a few species; stigmas truncate, capitate or clavate; ovules lateral, affixed above or below the middle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000005135 morphology 2DA4953C-0431-4463-B5EA-8A81F51001F4 Drupes subglobose, small or quite large, up to 2.5 cm. diameter; endocarps ± 4-angled, splitting into 4 bony 3-angled pyrenes with ridged or winged outer faces; central column splitting into 4 erect branches with pyrenes finally suspended from the apices or ± adnate to internal angle of pyrenes or entirely obsolete; seeds laterally affixed; albumen sparse to fairly copious, fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331419-2 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Procumbent herb with slender branched stems, often with adventitious roots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Leaves alternate, small, numerous, crenate, subsessile or petiolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Flowers solitary, extra- axillary, 4-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Calyx deeply lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Corolla small; tube cylindrical, the throat naked; lobes spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Ovary 2-locular, each locule with 2 ovules or with 4, 1-ovuled locules; styles 2, terminal, partly joined at the base; stigmas scarcely differentiated urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Fruits dry, ovoid-conic, 4-lobed, eventually dividing into 4, 1-seeded nutlets, joined amongst themselves or attached to a central prolongation of the receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000008884 morphology 3B6FA109-CA14-4599-AF42-2606D11F7B16 Seeds ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4526-1 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Herbs, shrubs or trees, usually in saline or strand conditions urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Leaves alternate, entire, attenuate at the base into a short or ± obsolete petiole, densely silky-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Inflorescences dichotomously branched, the flowers in unilateral scorpioid cymes, dense or more lax, sessile or subsessile, white or greenish urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Sepals 4–5, cuneate, round or oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Corolla subcylindrical or campanulate, the lobes imbricate or plicate in bud, later spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Stamens 4–5, included or partly exserted; anthers 2 to several times as long as wide; filaments very short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Ovary 4-locular with 1 ovule in each locule; style terminal, short, the stigma conical with basal receptive annular part and lobed apical part in the widespread species but in others it is conical, truncate-conic or bun-shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000002994 morphology 42A1BBD7-E701-41D7-B306-DCC6B5D43CDE Fruits dry when mature, the carpels embedded in the centre of the corky exocarp or occupying the apical half of fruit, the lower half entirely ‘spongy-corky’ (see note); endocarp dividing into 2 parts, each with 2 seed-bearing cavities separated by a deep groove or sterile cavity. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30107393-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Shrubs or woody climbers with mostly broad petiolate leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Flowers in scorpioid cymes, spike-like, often arranged in dichotomous panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Calyx usually 5-lobed, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Corolla mostly white or yellowish, 4–5-merous; tube cylindrical with spreading limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Stamens usually 5, inserted in the tube, included, the filaments short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Ovary 4-locular; stigma sessile or borne on a distinct terminal style, peltate or conic, the stigmatic surfaces lateral, often bifid at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000038632 morphology A3F9D4C1-0238-4574-BB01-820BCE552206 Fruit a lobed or unlobed drupe, breaking up at maturity into 2–4 bony nutlets or pyrenes, each 1–2-seeded and often with 0–2 empty cavities; endosperm thin; cotyledons flat. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329801-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Perennial or rarely annual or biennial erect or spreading herbs or subshrubs with hispid, strigose or densely hairy stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Leaves alternate, entire, the venation usually obscure urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Flowers yellow, orange or white, regular, sometimes heterostylous, in few–several-flowered simple or paired, terminal or axillary scorpioid cymes; bracts leafy, numerous, exceeding the calyx urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Calyx-lobes 5, linear-cuneate or lanceolate, usually much shorter than the corolla-tube, the abaxial the largest urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Corolla funnel-shaped or cylindrical, velvety outside; tube straight, glabrous or pubescent at the base inside, the throat with small velvety or glandular appendages, less often naked; lobes 5, spreading or rarely erect, imbricate, rounded, ovate, obovate or semicircular; nectaries on the internal face and at the base of the tube either as swellings, a narrow ring, lobes or small hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Stamens inserted near the middle of the tube, included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Ovary with 4 lobes; style gynobasic, simple, slender to rather stout, included or exserted; stigmas 2, globose, hemispherical or ellipsoid, terminal or situated just below the bilobed apex of the style urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000021988 morphology FAEB65CF-F2E0-4338-AE9D-8D5554ECCEB3 Fruit of 4 nutlets or less by abortion, ovoid or ellipsoid, mostly very shiny and porcellanous, rarely verrucose or rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325901-2 wfo-4000005707 morphology 53A56784-1A13-4987-AA0D-32CA70EBF5E3 Annual setulose to strigulose herbs with simple to much-branched stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4497-1 wfo-4000005707 morphology 53A56784-1A13-4987-AA0D-32CA70EBF5E3 Flowers in terminal bracteate cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4497-1 wfo-4000005707 morphology 53A56784-1A13-4987-AA0D-32CA70EBF5E3 Calyx divided almost to the base, ± strongly accrescent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4497-1 wfo-4000005707 morphology 53A56784-1A13-4987-AA0D-32CA70EBF5E3 Corolla white to blue or purple; throat with 5 longitudinal bands of hairs but with no scales urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4497-1 wfo-4000005707 morphology 53A56784-1A13-4987-AA0D-32CA70EBF5E3 Filaments inserted below the middle of the tube; anthers included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4497-1 wfo-4000005707 morphology 53A56784-1A13-4987-AA0D-32CA70EBF5E3 Nutlets subpyriform in outline with ± incurved or almost straight beak, depressed-pyriform in dorsal view with ± bigibbous shoulders in lower half and laterally compressed beak with strong dorsal and ventral keel in upper half, tuberculate-rugose to granular. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4497-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Canescent herbs or subshrubs, setose-hispid with simple hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Flowers pedicellate in terminal scorpioid cymes or panicles of cymes; bracts small, the lowest leafy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Calyx divided almost to the base into 5 ± non-accrescent linear-ovate lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Corolla mauve, blue or green, campanulate, broadened above the insertion of the stamens, widened and naked at the throat; lobes 5, usually much longer than the tube, ovate, acuminate, imbricate, spreading and revolute after flowering urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Stamens 5, inserted about the middle or near base of tube; filaments short, linear, narrowly ellipsoid or round, sometimes inflated, with a basal triangular or oblong appendage, sometimes reduced or represented by thickened ciliate ridges; anthers linear, with elongate aristate terminal thong-shaped appendages longer than the anther-thecae and coherent along their margins, not twisted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Ovary 4-lobed; style gynobasic, filiform; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Nutlets 1–4, 3-angled or pyramidal, erect, acute, angular, verrucose with basal areole, dorsally keeled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000010586 morphology C8A7E274-0C6B-424F-835C-AC9D2D2E1762 Seed straight; embryo straight with thick ovate plano-convex cotyledons; radicle superior. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4548-1 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Annual or perennial erect usually hairy herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Leaves alternate, mostly oblong or lanceolate, entire, the basal ones shortly petiolate, the cauline ones sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Flowers small in scorpioid cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Calyx campanulate, 5-toothed or divided to just below the middle into 5 mostly narrow lobes, persistent, not or slightly accrescent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Corolla blue, white or yellow; tube cylindric or funnel-shaped, the throat usually with scales, papillae or swellings; lobes 5, spreading, contorted in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB A dioecious shrub or small tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Twigs smooth and greenish at first, later becoming longitudinally rugulose and light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Young shoots and petioles very sparingly pubescent, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Leaves opposite or verticillate (in whorls of 3), rarely subopposite; petioles canaliculate, 0.2–1.8(–2.5) cm. long; leaf-blades elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, 3.5–15(–17) cm. long, 1.4–5(–7) cm. wide, subacute, acute or acutely acuminate, cuneate or ± attenuate, entire or subentire with 1(–2) pairs of small glands on the margin towards the base, membranaceous to thinly chartaceous, lateral nerves (5–)7(–9) pairs, brochidodromous, looping well within the margin, with further and weaker series of loops nearer the margin, slightly prominent above and beneath, very sparingly pubescent along the midrib beneath at first and soon glabrescent, otherwise completely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Male inflorescences axillary or subterminal, sessile, simply spicate, fairly laxly flowered, 1–4(–10) cm. long, slender; axis sparingly to evenly pubescent; bracts broadly triangular-ovate, 1 mm. long and wide, eglandular, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Male flowers in small 1–6-flowered glomerules along the axis; calyx-lobes 3, broadly ovate, concave, 1 mm. long and wide, acute, inflexed, glabrous, whitish-hyaline with a yellowish-green midrib; anther-thecae 0.5 mm. diameter; pistillode capitate, 0.5 mm. high, shallowly 4-lobate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Female inflorescences and flowers, and fruit, not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000321809 morphology 865125F1-97AC-424F-A680-B3F7753088BB Fig. 70. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356876-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 A low-branched compact pyramidal, subglabrous, generally monoecious, evergreen shrub with suberect branches 0.5–3 m. tall, or else a much-branched small to large tree up to 9 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Bark generally smooth, grey, reddish grey or brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Twigs glabrous, green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Petioles 2–6(–10) mm. long; leaf-blades obovate to elliptic-obovate, (2–)4–10(–14) cm. long, 1–7 cm. wide, subacute, acute, shortly acutely acuminate or cuspidate, cuneate, rounded-cuneate or sometimes rounded, usually entire but sometimes sharply serrate-denticulate, coriaceous, lateral nerves 5–6(–11) pairs, brochidodromous, with a second or even a third series of loops between the main loops and the margin, tertiary and quaternary nerve-network reticulate, with the translucent pustules situated in the centre of each reticulation, quite glabrous and glossy above and beneath, light or dark green above, paler beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Stipules triangular-ovate, 1 mm. long and wide, subacute, subentire, decurrent-auriculate, ciliate; stipule-scars undulate, expanding to 2 mm. in length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Inflorescences few–many-flowered, shortly pedunculate to subsessile, fasciculate-glomerulate, up to 1 cm. across; axis subglabrous; bracts broadly ovate, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Male flowers: pedicels 1.5 mm. long; sepals 5, suborbicular, 2 mm. long, ± 1.5 mm. wide, ciliate, the three outer thick, greenish or greenish yellow, each with a prominent translucent yellow glandular boss on the outer face, the two inner thinner, petaloid, yellowish cream or whitish, with less prominent glands; receptacular glands interstaminal, hemispherical, somewhat confluent; stamens (6–)8–12, filaments 2 mm. long, glabrous, anthers 0.7 mm. long, pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Female flowers: pedicels 1.5 cm. long, stouter than those of ♂ flowers; sepals 3 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, otherwise resembling the outer ♂ sepals; disc roundly pentagonal to shallowly 10-lobate, fairly thick; staminodes small, subulate, but occasionally stamen-like, although infertile; ovary 3-locular, subglobose, 2–3 mm. diameter, glabrous; styles 3, 1 mm. long, bifid, stigmas subulate, pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Fruit 3-locular, or 2–1-locular by abortion, roundly trilobate to subglobose, 5–6 mm. long, 6–7(–8) mm. diameter, dehiscent, smooth, glabrous, green to olivaceous at first, later becoming orange-red; endocarp crustaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317684 morphology 15E9FF51-1F52-47FB-9166-812DB4921A11 Seeds laterally compressed-ovoid, 4–5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, with ± 10–12 pits on each side, red or black and completely enclosed by a red arillate sarcotesta which becomes pale grey when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356693-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 A completely glabrous, generally dioecious, sparingly branched evergreen shrub 2–7.5 m. tall or else a straggling to large, much-branched tree with a crooked bole and a heavy spreading crown up to 24 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Wood coarse, white, hard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Bark pale greenish grey and ± smooth, dark grey and granulate or almost black and rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Twigs slightly angled, green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Petioles 3–5(–7) mm. long; leaf-blades elliptic to elliptic-ovate, (3–)5–12(–14) cm. long, 1.5–6.5 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, asymmetrically cuneate or cuneate-rounded at the base, decurrent onto the petiole, entire or shallowly crenate or crenate-serrate, firmly chartaceous to subcoriaceous, lateral nerves 6–11 pairs, weakly brochidodromous to camptodromous, tertiary and quaternary nerve-network reticulate, with the translucent pustules covering the entire surface of each reticulation, brightly-shining glossy medium to very dark green above, with the pustules often showing whitish beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Stipules triangular, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, acute, entire, not ciliate; stipule-scars expanding to 2 mm. in length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Inflorescences  few–many-flowered, shortly pedunculate to subsessile, fasciculate-glomerulate, up to 1.5 cm. across; bracts broadly triangular-ovate, not ciliate, often enveloped in a gummy exudate at least when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Male flowers: pedicels 1–2(–3) mm. long; buds subglobose, sparingly gland-dotted; sepals (5–)6(–7), not ciliate, in 2 series, the (2–)3 outer broadly ovate, convex, 3 mm. long and wide, greenish white or yellow-green with a paler margin, the 3(–4) inner suborbicular-ovate, becoming flat, 2.5 mm. long and wide, cream-coloured; receptacular glands interstaminal, depressed-hemispherical, ± confluent; stamens (16–)20–27, filaments 3 mm. long, glabrous, anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Female flowers: pedicels 2–3 mm. long, accrescent to 5–6 mm. in fruit, stouter than those of ♂; sepals 6(–8), resembling the outer ♂ sepals; disc crenate, slightly thickened; staminodes small, subulate, occasionally with minute abortive anthers at their apices; ovary (2–)3-locular, trilobate-subglobose, 2–3 mm. diameter; styles (2–)3, 1–2 mm. long, bifid, the stigmas linear-oblong, slightly lobulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Fruit (2–)3-locular, usually trilobate, (0.6–)0.8–1(–1.1) cm. long, (0.9–)1–1.2(–1.5) cm. diameter, dehiscent, ± smooth (somewhat reticulate and shallowly verruculate when dried), green; endocarp subligneous, ± 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Seeds ± ovoid, slightly lateroventrally compressed, 5–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, endotesta smooth, dark grey-brown, completely enclosed by the arillate sarcotesta which becomes pearly-grey on drying. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317672 morphology 8698D2A4-5457-4FE8-89F5-4249FDB7B5B0 Fig. 71. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356682-1 wfo-0000317657 morphology 231501FF-6E43-4249-A1C4-4AF174A255AB Very like S. procera, but with larger leaves (up to 19 cm. long and 10 cm. wide) in which the translucent pustules are situated in the centre of each reticulation, longer inflorescence rhachides (up to 8 mm. long), an extrastaminal annular disc in the male flowers, and fewer stamens (11–16) with pubescent filaments. The female flowers and fruit are not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356672-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 A monoecious completely glabrous shrub or small tree 2–3.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Young shoots and petioles reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Petioles (1–)3–9 cm. long, slender; petiolar glands small, sessile or subsessile; leaf-blades ovate-rhombate to ovate-deltate, 4–14 cm. long, 2–10 cm. wide, acutely acuminate, cuneate to subtruncate, entire, firmly membranaceous to thinly chartaceous, lateral nerves 15–18 pairs, the distal ones small and indistinct, not prominent above, somewhat prominent beneath, tertiary nerves subparallel, medium green above, glaucous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Stipules narrowly lanceolate, 1–1.8 cm. long, acute, entire, cordulate-auriculate, scarious, yellowish brown, leaving prominent scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Inflorescences 6–12 cm. long, with (1–)3–6(–9) ♀ flowers at the base; bracts broadly ovate to transversely ovate, 1 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, rounded, sparingly denticulate, 3–6-flowered, basal glands discoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Male flowers: pedicels 1.5–2 mm. long, articulate near the base; sepals 2, reniform-soleiform, 1 mm. long and wide, rounded, shallowly denticulate to subentire, yellowish green or greenish white; sta-mens 8, anthers 4-lobed, 0.6–0.7 mm. diameter, the lobes minutely papillulose, bright golden-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Female flowers: pedicels 5 mm. long, extending to 2–3.5 cm. long in fruit; calyx-lobes 2, transversely ovate, 1 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, rounded, minutely denticulate, greenish white; ovary 2-locular, ovoid-ellipsoid, 1 mm. long, 0.8 mm. diameter, smooth; styles 2, 3–4 mm. long, subpersistent, the arms each with a small abaxial gland near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Fruit bilobate, 8–9 mm. long and wide, ± smooth, dull green or grey-green. Columella 6–7 mm. long, flat. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000983011 morphology D2695C0B-3BDF-4ED9-A2C2-8B07BA1FE1E1 Seeds 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, ± smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350037-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 A monoecious deciduous shrub or small tree (1.5–)2.5–6(–12) m. high with spreading branches, and with profuse white poisonous latex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Bark brownish grey and lenticellate on the branches, grey and smooth or rough on the main trunk. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Twigs stout, tawny to greyish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Perulae of buds ovate, subacute, pinkish brown, variable in size. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Leaves alternate, with adaxially shallowly canaliculate petioles (3–)5–10 mm. long; leaf-blades obovate, elliptic-obovate or elliptic-rhombate, occasionally elliptic-oblong, (2–)5–20 cm. long, (1–)2–8(–12) cm. wide, shortly obtusely acuminate, occa- sionally more markedly acutely acuminate, cuneate, decurrent on to the petiole, crenulate, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, lateral nerves (9–)12–17(–20) pairs, camptodromous, impressed above and prominent beneath, tertiary nerve-network somewhat pellucid, dark green and glossy, later becoming bright yellow-green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.7–1 mm. long, acutely acuminate, slightly laciniate, readily caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Inflorescences terminal, or sometimes axillary in the upper leaf-axils, solitary, spicate, 4–8(–11) cm. long, shortly pedunculate, fairly stout, bisexual and mostly male with 1(–2) ♀ flowers near the base, rarely ♂ only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Male flowers: bracts orbicular-ovate to broadly ovate, 1.5 mm. across, apiculate, denticulate, not thickened, lax, 1-flowered, with a large oblong basal gland on each side; bracteoles minute, laciniate; sepals 3, oblong-lanceolate, 1.3 mm. long, subacute, inflexed at the tip, minutely denticulate, yellow-green or yellow; stamens 3, 2–3 mm. long, anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Female flowers: bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2 mm. long, aristate, fimbriate, with two large suborbicular glands on each side at the base; bracteoles 2, very irregular in outline, 1 mm. long, partly laciniate, partly repand-denticulate; sepals 3, elliptic-oblong, 3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, mucronulate, laciniate-fimbriate; ovary ellipsoid-subglobose, scarcely trilobate, 2 mm. diameter, smooth; styles 3, connate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Fruit large, inflated, thinly crustaceous, trilobate, with a shallow ridge or keel on each valve, (3–)3.5–4.5 cm. long, (3–)5–6.5 cm. diameter, ± smooth but for the slightly raised openly reticulate vein-pattern, pale green and reddish tinged when immature, later becoming yellowish brown, tardily dehiscent. Columella 2–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000965947 morphology 1F58017B-64AD-4733-B32E-ECCFFC8A4769 Seeds ovoid-subglobose, 1.1–1.7 cm. diameter, smooth, dark reddish brown, flecked and mottled with darker brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348832-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF A dioecious or monoecious several-stemmed, much-branched deciduous shrub or tree with a rounded crown (2.5–)4–9(–14) m. high, often with drooping stems and with milky latex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Bark light brown to dark grey, ± smooth, finely reticulate or rough and fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Wood brown, fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Twigs brownish or greyish, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Petioles 4–10(–17) mm. long, adaxially canaliculate, with 2 small hemispheric-subcylindric glands at the apex; leaf-blades elliptic-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (1.5–)3–7 cm. long, (0.5–)1–3 cm. wide, shortly obtusely acuminate, obtuse or rounded at the apex, rounded-cuneate or rounded at the base, shallowly crenate or crenate-serrate, chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, lateral nerves 9–13 pairs, scarcely prominent above, slightly so beneath, yellowish green above, pale green beneath, later turning red with the nerves remaining green, sticky when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Stipules triangular-ovate, 1 mm. long, acute, fimbriate, soon caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Inflorescences usually appearing before the leaves, solitary, very dense, narrowly cylindric at first, 1–2.5 cm. long, bisexual or male only, brown at first; bracts transversely ovate, pouched, 1.5 mm. across, obtuse, minutely denticulate, thickened, densely imbricate, 1-flowered, eglandular; bracteoles 2, rhombic, 1 mm. long, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Male flowers: sepals (2–)3, obovate-suborbicular, 0.8 mm. long, rounded, subentire, concave; staminal column 1 mm. high, anthers 0.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Female flowers: pedicels 0.5 mm. long, extending to 5–8 mm. long in fruit; sepals 5, triangular-ovate, 1 mm. long, acute, subentire, flat; ovary trilobate, 1 mm. diameter, smooth; styles 3, 1.5 mm. long, stigmas red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Fruit trilobate, 7 mm. long, 1.2 cm. diameter, smooth, green at first, later yellow-brown. Columella 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313535 morphology 97B2E10D-3A76-468F-B518-7DCCBC5081FF Seeds broadly ovoid-subglobose, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. across, smooth, pale yellowish brown or light brown, streaked with reddish brown or dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356435-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 A dioecious or rarely monoecious protandrous much-branched deciduous shrub with erect stems or small to medium tree with a spreading crown 4.5–12(–15) m. high, with pendent slender branches, and with a very poisonous milky latex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Bark dark brown or grey to black, smooth, reticulate or rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Wood white, aromatic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Twigs brown with white lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Petioles 1–2.5 cm. long, adaxially shallowly canaliculate, with 2 small hemispheric-conical glands at the apex; leaf-blades elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, (3–)5–10(–12) cm. long, (1.5–)2–4(–5.5) cm. wide, obtuse or obtusely acuminate, rounded-cuneate or rounded, shallowly crenate, with 1–2 glands on the margin near the base, chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, lateral nerves 10–19 pairs, not prominent above, slightly so beneath, dark green to yellowish green above, paler beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Stipules triangular-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long, aristate, laciniate, soon caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Inflorescences usually appearing with the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Male inflorescences solitary, rarely geminate or fascicled, very dense, narrowly cylindric, 5–7 cm. long when mature, brown at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Female inflorescences small, few-flowered, usually solitary, rarely with a few ♂ flowers at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Bracts transversely ovate, pouched, 1.25 mm. across, obtuse or rounded, subentire, thickened, densely imbricate, 1-flowered, brownish or purplish, with a dense mass of minute yellowish discoid glands on each side at the base; bracteoles 0. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Male flowers: sepals 5, elliptic-ovate, 0.75 mm. long, strongly cucullate, acute or subacute, entire, greenish brown or yellowish; stamens free, filaments 1.5–2 mm. long, white or yellow, anthers 0.5 mm. long, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Female flowers: pedicels 0.3 mm. long, extending to 2–3 mm. long in fruit; bracteoles 2, triangular-ovate, 0.5 mm. long, acute; sepals 3, ovate, 1 mm. long, acute or subacute, fimbriate, flat, greenish; ovary trilobate, 0.8–1 mm. diameter, smooth; styles 3, 1.5 mm. long, stigmas yellowish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Fruit trilobate, 4.5 mm. long, 8 mm. diameter, smooth, green. Columella 4 mm. long, with broad wings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Seeds globose, 3.5 mm. diameter, smooth, pale yellowish brown, streaked or flecked with darker brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000313545 morphology 4191AE98-D204-4276-9684-D7A6BED62E09 Fig. 73. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356439-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB A much-branched evergreen monoecious spreading shrub or tree up to 30 m. or sometimes taller, with a clear bole up to 12 m. and a bushy crown with drooping branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Bark grey, buff, reddish- to blackish-brown, longitudinally fissured, flaking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Wood dirty-white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Twigs fairly slender, pale grey to greyish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Perulae broadly ovate, subacute or obtuse, dark brown, ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Young shoots purplish, exuding a white latex when cut, sparingly puberulous and soon glabrescent, or else glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Petioles (2–)5–10(–15) mm. long, adaxially shallowly canaliculate, glabrous or ± so; leaf-blades elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, (2.5–)4–14(–18) cm. long, (1–)1.5–5(–7) cm. wide, obtuse, subacute or acute to acutely acuminate, cuneate or rounded and often minutely cordulate, shallowly crenate-serrate, rarely subentire, each tooth terminated by a small subulate forwardly directed process when young, with 2–4 glands beneath at the base, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, lateral nerves (7–)10–17(–25) pairs, slightly prominent above and beneath, brochidodromous in the distal half of the blade, otherwise camptodromous, sometimes evenly to sparingly puberulous along the midrib beneath at first and later glabrescent, otherwise quite glabrous, shiny and deep green with paler midrib and nerves above, paler beneath, turning red on falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Stipules triangular-ovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, acute, subentire, densely, evenly or sparingly fulvous puberulous, soon caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Inflorescences usually terminal or subterminal on lateral shoots, solitary, spicate, ± sessile, 4–12 cm. long, all ♂ or, more usually, mostly ♂ with 1–3(–4) ♀ flowers at the base; axis sparingly puberulous or ± glabrous; ♂ bracts ovate-suborbicular, 1 mm. long, obtuse, denticulate, sparingly puberulous, each with 2 oblong fleshy glands at the base, 3–7-flowered; ♀ bracts resembling the stipules, 1-flowered, or sometimes the lowest flower subtended by a small foliage leaf; bracteoles small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Male flowers: pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long; calyx-lobes 2–3, unequal, broadly ovate, 0.75 mm. long, glabrous or subglabrous, pale green; stamens 2(–3), free, shortly exserted, anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Female flowers: pedicels 1.5–4 mm. long, extending to 1–2 cm. in fruit; calyx-lobes 2–3, subequal, shortly united at the base, not touching, triangular-ovate, 1–1.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, acute, sparingly puberulous or subglabrous, ciliolate, green at first becoming yellowish, sometimes with 1–2 intercalated glanduligerous lacinulae in the sinuses; ovary 2(–4)-locular, laterally compressed-globose, usually bilobate, 1.5 mm. long and wide, smooth, glabrous; styles 2(–4), united in the lower part, 2–3 mm. long (up to 6 mm. long uncoiled), sparingly puberulous to subglabrous, green, often fairly persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Fruit subdrupaceous, indehiscent or subindehiscent, usually bilobate and laterally compressed, rarely 3–4-lobate, or by abortion monococcous, 6–8(–9) mm. long, 8–11(–14) mm. wide, 5–6(–7) mm. deep, ± smooth, green at first, later becoming yellowish, brownish, then purple or black; mesocarp fleshy, 1 mm. thick when fresh; endocarp very thinly crustaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000302794 morphology B438C78C-811A-424B-8368-03691656E4DB Seed ellipsoid-subglobose, 5–5.5 mm. long, 4.5 mm. wide, 4 mm. deep, smooth, sarcotesta thin, yellowish brown, endotesta dark brown, ecarunculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355801-1 wfo-0000303009 morphology 3B748AC2-AD7E-48A5-8316-00E9E0251136 Similar to S. ellipticum, but differing in the following respects: leaf-blades lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, very shallowly crenate-serrate, with a few glands irregularly disposed toward the margin near the apex of the blade as well as the base, completely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355971-1 wfo-0000303009 morphology 3B748AC2-AD7E-48A5-8316-00E9E0251136 Fruit tardily septicidally dehiscent, trilobate, slightly apiculate, 2 cm. long, 1.5 cm. diameter; endocarp woody, 2–4 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355971-1 wfo-0000303009 morphology 3B748AC2-AD7E-48A5-8316-00E9E0251136 Seeds 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355971-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 A small glabrous or subglabrous tree 4.5–7.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Twigs ± smooth and oliva- ceous at first, later becoming lenticellate and greyish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Buds not perulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Petioles 2–5 mm. long, adaxially canaliculate; leaf-blades elliptic-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 3.5–14 cm. long, 1–5.5 cm. wide, obtusely, subacutely or acutely acuminate to caudate-acuminate, rounded at the base, entire or subentire (sometimes with a very few shallow teeth near the apex), beset with small evenly spaced submarginal glands beneath, thinly to firmly chartaceous, lateral nerves 8–12 pairs, not prominent above, prominent beneath, brochidodromous, and with a second series of intramarginal loops outside the first, glabrous above and beneath or pubescent beneath, green and ± shiny above, often glaucous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Stipules oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 mm. long, acuminate, auriculate on one side at the base, very readily caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Inflorescences terminal, terminating short axillary shoots or ± axillary, solitary or subfasciculate, spicate, shortly pedunculate to subsessile, 4–10 cm. long, laxly glomerulate, all ♂ or mostly ♂ with 1–3 ♀ flowers at the base; axis slender, glabrous or subglabrous; bracts broadly ovate, 0.5–0.75 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, acutely acuminate, minutely denticulate, usually glabrous, eglandular or with a minute, sessile, discoid, pellucid gland on each side at the base, 3–7-flowered, reddish; ♀ bracts resembling those of the ♂ flowers; bracteoles minute or 0. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Male flowers: pedicels 1 mm. long; calyx-lobes 2–3, unequal, broadly ovate, 0.75 mm. long, 1–1.3 mm. wide, denticulate, glabrous, yellowish; stamens 2(–3), free, included, anthers 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Female flowers: pedicels 3–5 mm. long, extending to ± 1 cm. in fruit; calyx-lobes 3–4, shortly united at the base, not touching, triangular-ovate, ± 1 mm. long and wide, acutely acuminate, minutely denticulate, glabrous, reddish, sometimes multiglandular within; ovary 3-locular, trilobate-subglobose, 0.75-1 mm. long and wide, ± smooth or furnished with 6 small shallow protuberances, glabrous; styles 3, united for one-sixth their length, 4–9 mm. long, ± straight or recurved at the tips, glabrous, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Fruit dehiscent, trilobate, 8–9 mm. long, 1–1.2 cm. diameter, ± smooth except for a small triangular projection on each valve, yellow, suffused-reddish on the keels; endocarp woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302858 morphology 4564C6D8-4852-4D1D-8DD3-C548414BC399 Seeds ovoid, slightly dorsiventrally compressed, 7 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, 4 mm. deep, smooth, shiny, sarcotesta very thin, light brown sparingly flecked with dark brown, endotesta crustaceous; caruncle present, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355855-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 A small completely glabrous tree 4.5–7.5 m. tall, rarely taller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Branches pendulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Twigs smooth and olivaceous at first, later becoming lenticellate and brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Perulae oblong, obtuse, somewhat shiny, dark brown or blackish, minutely ciliolate, 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Petioles 4–8 mm. long, adaxially canaliculate; leaf-blades ovate to oblong-ovate, (3–)5–11(–13) cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. wide, shortly subacutely acuminate, rounded or ± so and sometimes minutely cordulate, shallowly crenate-serrate, rarely subentire, sparingly and irregularly gland-dotted towards the margin, but not always at the base, firmly chartaceous to subcoriaceous, lateral nerves 9–12(–15) pairs, not prominent above, slightly prominent beneath, mostly camptodromous, brochidodromous towards the apex, dark green and shiny above, pale green and dull beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Stipules very readily caducous, not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Inflorescences subterminal, or terminal on short lateral shoots, solitary, spicate, subsessile, 5–6 cm. long, either all ♂ or with 1–2 ♀ flowers at the base; ♂ bracts transversely ovate-suborbicular, 1–1.5 mm. long, denticulate, each with 2 discoid fleshy glands at the base, 4–6-flowered; ♀ bracts ovate-lanceolate, ± 3 mm. long, eglandular, laciniate, 1-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Male flowers: pedicels ± 1 mm. long; calyx-lobes 3, subequal, triangular, 0.5 mm. long, yellow; stamens 2, free, scarcely exserted, anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Female flowers: pedicels extending to 1.2–2 cm. in fruit; calyx-lobes 3, shortly united at the base, broadly ovate, 1.5 mm. long, acute, denticulate, with a large or small gland in each sinus but eglandular within, ovary 3-locular, with 2 short triangular horns on the back of each carpel; styles 3, shortly connate at the base, revolute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Fruit dehiscent, trilobate, obpyriform, (1–)1.5–2 cm. long and in diameter, apiculate, with the 6 horns 3 mm. high and 7 mm. wide at the base, otherwise ± smooth, becoming wrinkled when dry, green at first, then black; exocarp thick, coriaceous, ultimately becoming separated from the endocarp; endocarp woody, 2.5–3 mm. thick at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000302707 morphology 7F6B622C-C349-4623-A440-769F236B2E98 Seeds ellipsoid, 6–8 mm. long, 3.5–5 mm. wide, smooth, dull, ± concolorous or else pale yellowish brown streaked and flecked with dark brown, ecarunculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:355747-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 A much-branched tree up to 24 m. high, but more often 6–12 m. high, with a spreading crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Bark light grey, covered with sharp spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Bole up to 2 m. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Twigs sparingly lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Young shoots glabrous or sparingly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Petioles up to 15 cm. long, glabrous; glands turbinate, truncate; leaf-blades broadly ovate to orbicular-ovate, (5–)10–15(–18) cm. long, (3–)6–12 cm. wide, obtusely or subacutely cuspidate-acuminate, truncate to shallowly or deeply cordate, entire, subentire or shallowly and rather remotely serrate-denticulate, occasionally somewhat repand, thinly to firmly chartaceous, lateral nerves 8–15 pairs, not or scarcely prominent above, slightly so beneath, tertiary nerves ± parallel, glabrous above, patent-pilose along the midrib and main nerves at least towards the base and otherwise glabrous beneath, or else ± completely glabrous above and beneath, bright green and shiny above, somewhat paler and duller beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Stipules linear-lanceolate, (1–)1.5–2 cm. long, ± entire, densely pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially, or else ± glabrous on both surfaces, minutely ciliolate, readily deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Inflorescences extending to 15 cm. long at maturity, with the peduncle up to 11 cm. long, and the ♂ portion cylindric-conic, 4–6 cm. long and 2 cm. wide when fully expanded, dull red, viscid; bracts rhombic, 1.5 mm. long, evenly to sparingly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Male flowers: calyx minute, scarcely visible; staminal column 5–7 mm. long, glabrous, anthers (1–)2–3-verticillate, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Female flowers: peduncle 1–2 cm. long, 2–4 mm. thick; calyx-tube up to 7 mm. long and 8 mm. diameter, completely enclosing the ovary, purple; ovary subglobose, pale green; style 2–4 cm. long, stigma 1–2 cm. across, dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Fruit deeply 5–20-lobed, concave at the apex and base, 4 cm. long, 8 cm. diameter, the lobes ± smooth, greenish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000215711 morphology 3E1650D7-37B2-4E21-9E86-A7F608EA2EC8 Seeds ± lenticular, 2.2 cm. long, 2 cm. deep, 4 mm. thick, smooth, dull brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350060-1 wfo-0000568304 morphology 5FBC844B-E1A0-4185-B8E3-1C00B243E529 Leaves 3-6-foliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34543-2 wfo-0000568304 morphology 5FBC844B-E1A0-4185-B8E3-1C00B243E529 Flowers solitary, white or greenish, to 7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34543-2 wfo-0000568304 morphology 5FBC844B-E1A0-4185-B8E3-1C00B243E529 Fruit 10-12.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:34543-2 wfo-0000603368 morphology 2304667C-002B-45A1-A121-F02C08EACD6E Trunk thick, studded with conical spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559303-1 wfo-0000854366 morphology B83C791D-4F50-4FDE-A919-4E1D59C665E3 Fruit coriaceous, subglobose, up to 2.8 cm. long, 3.3 cm. in diameter, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786304-1 wfo-0000854366 morphology B83C791D-4F50-4FDE-A919-4E1D59C665E3 Seeds shiny brown, oblong and compressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786304-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Medium to tall tree, height up to 35 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Young branches, buds and petioles with greyish-brown to tawny-brown indumentum of dense and closely appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Petiole 1–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Leaf-lamina narrowly elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 6–16(–20) cm. long, l.7–3.5(–5) cm. wide, chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, acute to narrowly acuminate, cuneate; upper surface glabrous with nerves scarcely visible, lower surface with silvery-grey or fawn silky indumentum of dense and closely appressed hairs, rubbing away on older leaves; lateral nerves raised, primary lateral nerves 13–20 each side, arcuate, ascending, secondary lateral nerves irregularly present and inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Flowers clustered in axils of current leaves; pedicels up to 3 mm. long; both pedicels and calyx with brown appressed pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Sepals ± free to base, broadly ovate, up to 2.5 mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Fruits carried on short thick woody stalks to 6 mm. long, yellow at maturity, subglobose to obovoid, up to 4.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856559 morphology B9FF9E8F-BC8D-40A5-9B81-B64179503388 Seed elongate-oblong and slightly flattened, up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786485-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Medium to tall tree, height up to 25 m. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Young shoots pubescent only in earliest stages; older branches, petioles and leaves practically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Petiole 5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Leaf-lamina oblong-elliptic, 7.5–15 cm. long including the acuminate apex, 6 cm. wide, thinly coriaceous, narrowly acuminate, cuneate, slightly asymmetrical, glabrous on both surfaces; lateral nerves very numerous, closely parallel, ± straight and running almost perpendicular to midrib, looped near margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Flowers small, clustered in current leaf axils; pedicels slender, up to 5 mm. long, glabrous or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Sepals free to base, suborbicular, up to 2 mm. long, puberulous externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Corolla tube ± 1 mm. long; lobes ± truncate, up to 1 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Filaments up to 1.5 mm. long, flattened; staminodes absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Ovary subconical, densely pilose, tapering to a short thick ± 1 mm. long style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Fruit shortly stalked, subglobose, to 9 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000856999 morphology 6AF9F2F7-C221-4FB9-9098-8DC5C171C6A5 Seeds large, ± ellipsoid, but straight along one margin and laterally compressed, up to 5.5 cm. long, 3 cm. wide and 2 cm. thick; scar lateral on straight margin, narrowly elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786519-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Small to medium tree, height up to 20 m., with fluted trunk and grey bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Young shoots, buds and young petioles with ferrugineous pubescence; older branches and petioles becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Petioles 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Leaf-lamina oblong to oblong-elliptic, 4–9.5 cm. long, 1.5–4.5 cm. wide, thinly coriaceous, apex tapered and acute to acuminate, base broadly cuneate and usually unequal; upper and lower surfaces glabrous, except on midrib beneath; lateral nerves very numerous and closely parallel, ± straight and slightly arcuate, scarcely ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Flowers very small and greenish, clustered in axils of current leaves or at old nodes; pedicels slender, 1.5–3.5 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Sepals ± free to base, suborbicular, ± 2 mm. long, externally puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Corolla-tube ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes rounded, ± 1 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Free part of filaments ±1.5 mm. long, flattened; staminodes absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Ovary subconical, densely pilose, tapering to a short thick style, ±1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Fruit shortly stalked, yellow when ripe, subglobose, up to 3.5 cm. in diameter, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857819 morphology 3D91DF63-217C-4DED-82C0-34FBFAA93158 Seeds shiny brown, ± ellipsoid, but straight along one margin, laterally compressed, up to 1.8 cm. long; curved margin acute and ± keeled; scar lateral on straight margin, narrowly oblanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786579-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Small, medium or tall tree, height up to 30 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Young shoots, buds and younger petioles with ferrugineous pubescence; older branches and petioles glabrescent or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Petiole 3–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Leaf-lamina elliptic to oblong-elliptic and tapering at each end, 4–11 (–13) cm. long including the acuminate apex, l.8–5(–6.3) cm. wide, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, apex with long narrow acumen, base cuneate and asymmetrical; upper and lower surfaces glabrous except on midrib beneath; lateral nerves very numerous and closely parallel, ± straight or slightly arcuate, ± ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Flowers very small and greenish, clustered in current leaf axils or at older nodes, pedicellate; pedicels 2–3.5 mm. long, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Sepals ± free to base, suborbicular, up to 2 mm. long, puberulous or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Corolla-tube up to 1 mm. long; lobes rounded or ± truncate, up to 1.5 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Free part of filament up to 1.5 mm. long, flattened; staminodes absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Ovary subconical, pilose, tapering into a short thick style, ±1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Fruit shortly stalked, yellowish when ripe, subglobose to ± ovoid, up to 5 cm. long and 4 cm. in diameter, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000857158 morphology A60CA76D-3390-4D7D-AD3B-77E2F89EFA5A Seeds shiny brown, broadly ellipsoid but ± straight along one margin, laterally compressed, up to 2.5 cm. long, 1.4 cm. wide; curved margin narrowly acute; scar lateral, linear and occupying ± complete length of straight margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786533-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Small to medium tree with spreading branches, height to 25 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Growth increase by repeated subapical branching; shoots slender with crowded subterminal leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Young shoots, buds and young leaves with dense deep brown indumentum; older branches glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Stipules absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Petiole 7–14 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Leaf-lamina ± oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 7–17.5(–20) cm. long, l.8–5.5(–6.5) cm. wide, chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, obtuse to ± acuminate, narrowly cuneate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface with appressed silvery-grey silky indumentum and with longer scattered brown emergent hairs especially on younger leaves; lateral nerves closely parallel, slightly arcuate, raised but inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Flowers solitary or up to three per node, usually in axils of current leaves, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Calyx with dense dark brown pubescence; sepals ± ovate, up to 5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Corolla creamy-white; tube up to 4 mm. long; lobes broadly ovate-triangular, up to 2 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, ± auricled at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Free part of filament up to 1.5 mm. long, flattened; anther narrowly obcordate, 1–2 mm. long; staminodes sometimes present, subulate, up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Ovary subglobose, ±1.5 mm. in diameter; style up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Mature fruit red, up to 2.5 cm. long, 1.5 cm. in diameter, sometimes with small beak at apex, smooth-skinned. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Seed narrowly ellipsoid and blunt at ends, up to 19 mm. long and 8 mm. wide, with large lateral scar occupying most of surface area. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325480 morphology FA590922-5077-4402-AEAB-979B0F208ACC Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785955-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Shrub or small to medium-sized tree, height up to 33 m., with dense leafy crown and thin fluted bole. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Young shoots, buds and young petioles with dense ferrugineous indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Stipules 3–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Petiole 0.4–2.5(–3) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Leaf-lamina variable in shape, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-obovate, oblong-lanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, 4–19(–24) cm. long, l.7–5.5(–6.5) cm. wide, coriaceous, obtuse and emarginate or rarely very shortly acuminate, base broadly cuneate to rounded; upper surface of mature leaves glabrous, lower surface of young leaves with soft silky indumentum of dense golden or reddish-brown appressed hairs, sometimes wearing away or changing colour on old leaves, the lower surface then becoming silvery-grey (see note opposite); lateral nerves closely parallel and very numerous, slightly arcuate, barely raised and very inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Flowers densely fascicled at nodes on older twigs or on old branches; pedicels 1.5–12 mm. long, densely pubescent with golden-brown or ferrugineous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Sepals broadly ovate to suborbicular, 2–3 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, densely pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Corolla whitish or deep red-brown; tube 1–2.5 mm. long; lobes ± ovate, 2–3.5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, auricled at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Free part of filament 2–4 mm. long, ± terete; anthers 1–3 mm. long; staminodes rarely present and then subulate or broadened and ± ovate, up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Ovary subconical; style 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Fruit red, sometimes slightly oblique or obovoid, up to 2.5 cm. long, 1.8 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325469 morphology D3237443-14E7-4A1A-9C70-4F7DC3F3EB57 Seed ± ellipsoid and sometimes slightly flattened, up to 1.7 cm. long, 1.4 cm. in diameter; scar lateral to oblique, elliptic to ± narrowly triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785954-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Shrub or much-branched small tree, height up to 10 m.; growth increase by repeated subapical branching; shoots slender with crowded subterminal leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Young shoots, buds and young leaves with greyish or brown indumentum; older branches glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Stipules present, 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Petioles 0.7–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Leaf-lamina oblong-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 7–21 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. wide, chartaceous, obtuse or very shortly acuminate, narrowly cuneate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface with silky greyish indumentum of dense appressed hairs and sometimes with larger brown emergent hairs; lateral nerves closely parallel, slightly arcuate, raised and easily visible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Flowers 5–15, congested in axils of current leaves or at old nodes, subsessile, sweetly scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Calyx with greyish-brown sericeous indumentum externally; sepals suborbicular, 2–3 mm. long, ±2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Corolla greenish-yellow or pale yellow; tube very short, up to 1 mm. long; lobes broadly ovate, 2–3.3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Filaments free almost to base, up to 4 mm. long, ± terete; anthers up to 1.5 mm. long; staminodes often present, up to 2 mm. long, well-developed subulate structures with incipient lateral processes, or minute and simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Ovary subconical, up to 2 mm. in diameter; style up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Mature fruit red, ellipsoid, up to 2 cm. long, 1.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000325491 morphology 764875DA-920F-4DA4-B184-CA10893E60C1 Seed ± ellipsoid, with widely extending lateral scar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785956-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Shrub to medium tree, height up to 25 m., with fluted trunk and slightly buttressed base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Hairs of young shoots and petioles brown, dense and ± erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Petioles up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Leaves change colour to orange and red before falling; lamina obovate to oblong, 12–22(–36) cm. long, 7–12(–20) cm. wide, apex rounded, sometimes apiculate, base obtuse or cuneate; upper surface with scattered hairs, becoming subglabrous, midrib channelled and with dense short hispid hairs along length; lower surface with uniformly scattered erect hairs, densely arranged on midrib and nerves or sometimes glabrescent with few hairs only on midrib; lateral nerves 15–26 each side, veins prominent, raised and oblique. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Bracts sepal-like, densely rusty hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Sepals elliptic to ovate, up to 6 mm. long, 4.5 mm. wide, densely rusty hairy externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Corolla-lobes up to 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Filaments up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Style 3–7(–9) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Ripe fruit red and fleshy, up to 2.5 cm. long, with indumentum persisting as ± felted covering until almost mature. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Seed up to 1.7 cm. long, slightly flattened; testa dark brown; scar linear, up to 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000233577 morphology 40580C7D-5B0E-44E4-8179-2341D2F148A3 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787574-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Tall tree, height up to 50 m., with clean straight cylindrical bole and pale greyish bark, slightly buttressed at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Young shoots and petioles finely pubescent or puberulous; older branches blackish-brown and glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Petioles up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Leaf-lamina elliptic to elliptic-obovate or oblong-elliptic, 5–13(–16) cm. long, 3–7 cm. wide, obtuse and emarginate or sometimes shortly and bluntly acuminate, rarely acute, base rounded or abruptly and broadly cuneate, subglabrous except on midrib of lower surface; lateral nerves 14–22 each side, arcuate, ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Flowers fragrant, clustered in axils of current leaves, with 2–8 in each axil; pedicels 3–6 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Sepals spreading, elliptic to broadly ovate, 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, pubescent or puberulous outside with very short hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Corolla greenish-cream to pale yellow; tube up to 3.5 mm. long; lobes ± ovate to elliptic-oblong, up to 2 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Free part of filaments up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Staminodes subulate, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Ovary densely pilose; style up to 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Fruit red, obovoid to subglobose, up to 2 cm. in diameter, finely pubescent when young, becoming subglabrous at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981487 morphology F0AA1DD7-8760-432C-983C-BB4C30088751 Seed ± obovoid, up to 1.5 cm. long; testa shiny brown; scar pale and rough, ± elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785764-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Tall tree, height up to 50 m., with long straight ± fluted bole and buttressed base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Young shoots with dense ferrugineous pubescence; older branches blackish-brown and subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Petioles 1–2 cm. long, twisted, with ferrugineous or greyish-brown pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Leaf-lamina elliptic to oblong or obovate-elliptic, 4–21.5 cm. long, 2–8.5 cm. wide, pellucid dots visible only in thin-textured sapling or youngest shade leaves, apex acute or rounded, base narrowly to broadly cuneate and sometimes decurrent with petiole, margin not or strongly inrolled; lower surface with varying density of ferrugineous pubescence, wearing away or stripping and becoming ± glabrous and with hairs on midrib and nerves only; lateral nerves 10–25 each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Flowers fascicled in current or fallen leaf axils; pedicels 5–10 mm. long, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Sepals 4 or 5, ovate to ± oblong, up to 6 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, pubescent externally with hairs of variable density and size. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Corolla cream; tube up to 6.5 mm. long; lobes ± ovate or rounded, up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Free part of filaments up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Staminodes subulate or sometimes expanded and petaloid, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Style up to 6.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Fruits greenish, narrowly ellipsoid, up to 4 cm. long, apex with short ± 1 cm. long beak, pubescent or puberulous with short ferrugineous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Seed ovoid to ± narrowly ellipsoid, up to 3 cm. long; testa shiny brown; scar lateral, pale, elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981438 morphology 611309AC-1021-49B8-81BD-F992B1CCF62F Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785763-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Tree with smooth greyish or greyish-brown bark; height up to 20 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Terminal buds, young shoots and petioles with dense ferrugineous indumentum; older twigs with deep purplish-brown bark, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Petioles 5–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Leaf-lamina elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 8–17 cm. long and 4–7.6 cm. wide, apex rounded to subacute, base rounded to broadly cuneate; margin slightly to conspicuously inrolled; lower surface softly pubescent when young, later becoming puberulous to glabrescent, indumentum usually dense and ferrugineous on midrib and nerves; lateral nerves 14–20 each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Inflorescence raceme-like with flowers fascicled along a short ± erect or deflexed axillary shoot; rhachis up to 8 cm. long, densely ferrugineous pubescent; bracts, pedicels and flower-buds with dense floccose hairs; bracts subulate to narrowly ovate, up to 4 mm. long; pedicels 1–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Outer sepals ± ovate to elliptic, innermost ± oblanceolate, 4.5–6 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Corolla-tube 4.5–5.5 mm. long, ± 3 mm. in diameter; lobes rounded to bluntly obtuse, up to 2 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Free part of filament 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Staminodes ± subulate, narrowly oblong or ± spathulate, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Ovary subconical, up to 2 mm. in diameter; style 5–8 mm. long; stigma 5-papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000981505 morphology EB456D30-B65A-466B-96AD-12CE804DE464 Fruits unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785768-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Spreading much-branched evergreen shrub or small tree; height up to 15m.; older branches glabrous; bark grey and fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000790132 morphology 061330DB-B77B-4C85-BDF7-E04E044CD7A7 Capsules obovoid, (1.8-)2-2.4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972688-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Plants 30-60(-80) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Corm 1.8-2.4 cm. in diameter, tunics of brittle membranous layers, the outer irregularly broken or often fibrous, light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Leaves contemporary with the flowers (as far as known), but sometimes very short, 3-5, the lower 2-3 basal or nearly so, usually laminate, the blades narrowly lanceolate to nearly linear, 5-10 mm. wide, ± 1/3 as long to nearly as long as the spike, firm textured with moderately raised and thickened midrib and margins, the upper 1-2(-3) leaves cauline and largely or entirely sheathing, often imbricate; sometimes all the leaves with vestigial blades 2-3 cm. long or blades entirely lacking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Stem unbranched, 3-6 mm. in diameter below the first flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Spike erect, (2-)3-7(-10)-flowered; bracts pale green, fairly soft-textured, evidently becoming dry above, 2.8-3.2(-3.5) cm. long, the inner somewhat shorter than the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Flowers pale yellow to cream, without nectar guides; perianth-tube 1.8-2.5 cm. long, nearly cylindric and curving outward in the upper half; tepals unequal, the 3 upper broadly elliptic-obovate, the dorsal largest, 3-3.5 cm. long, to 1.5-1.8 cm. at the widest, arched over the stamens, the upper laterals ± as long, but somewhat narrower, directed forward, the lower 3 tepals curving downward, 2-2.5(-3) cm. long, 8-12 mm. wide, the lowermost ± as long as the upper laterals and the lower laterals shortest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Filaments 1.2-1.6 cm. long, reaching the mouth of the tube or exserted 1-2 mm.; anthers 8-12 mm. long, appressed to the dorsal tepal, pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Style arched over the stamens, dividing near the apex of the anthers, branches ± 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790142 morphology D2E0E61D-6607-4D6D-A483-DD2A7607B356 Capsule narrowly obovoid, ± 1.8-2.4 × 1.2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437693-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Plants 25-40(-60) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Corm 2.5-3.5 cm. in diameter, tunics coriaceous, fragmenting irregularly, straw-coloured, the outer layer sometimes becoming fibrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Foliage leaves of the flowering stem usually all partly to entirely sheathing, (1-)2-3(or more), hardly differing from the cataphylls, sometimes with short blades 2-5(-10) cm. long, often partly dry by anthesis; foliage leaves produced after flowering on separate shoots, evidently solitary, lanceolate, ultimately at least 30 cm. long, ± 1 cm. wide, the margins and midrib moderately thickened and hyaline; occasionally flowering stems with 1-2 long-laminate leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Stem unbranched, rarely branched, 3-4 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Spike 5-9(-12)-flowered; bracts (1.5-)2-2.8(-3.5) cm. long, green, often flushed reddish and becoming membranous above, the inner slightly shorter than the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Flowers either orange-red to pink or rarely yellow to whitish, without markings; perianth-tube (1.2-)1.8-2 cm. long, widening evenly from the base, gently curving outward; tepals unequal, the upper 3 2.5-3.8 × 1.5-1.8 cm., strongly recurved distally, the dorsal horizontal or down-tilted, the upper laterals slightly narrower, directed forwards, the lower tepals curving downwards, the lower laterals ± 2.5 × 1.2-1.5 cm., the lowermost 3-3.5 cm. long, often ± as long as the upper. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Filaments 8-10 mm. long, included in the upper part of the tube; anthers 0.7-1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Style dividing 2-3 mm. beyond the apex of the anthers, the branches 6-8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000790070 morphology DEF42170-AD7B-4261-9898-613D66B74307 Capsules oblong-obovoid, 1.5-2(-2.5) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437633-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Plants 25-35(-45) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Corm globose-conic, 1.1-1.4 cm. in diameter, the tunics of fine(-medium-textured) compacted fibres. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Leaves 3-5, the lower 2-3 basal, ± 1/3 as long as the stem, the blades linear, 2-3(-4.5) mm. wide, the midribs and sometimes the margins lightly thickened, the upper leaves cauline and progressively shorter, sometimes the uppermost entirely sheathing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Stem unbranched, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Spike (1-)2-3-flowered; bracts green, 2.5-4(-4.5) cm. long, the inner nearly equal or 2-4 mm. shorter than the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Flowers white(-pale yellow), strongly fragrant; perianth-tube slender, 8-12 cm. long, expanding in the upper 1 cm.; tepals evidently subequal, nearly elliptic, the dorsal probably horizontal, remaining tepals spreading, 2.5-3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Filaments ± 9 mm. long, included in the tube or barely exserted for ± 1 mm.; anthers 8-9 mm. long, the bases sometimes within the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Style dividing ± 5 mm. beyond the anther-apices, the branches ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000789904 morphology 81719E29-26A2-46FE-B68E-9E08AF43D0DC Capsules unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437501-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Plants 45-55 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Corms unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Leaves 5, the lower 3 basal, the blades narrowly lanceolate, 1/3-1/2 as long as the stem, 5-8 mm. wide, fairly firm-textured, the margins and midribs moderately thickened, the 2 upper leaves inserted on the stem, mostly or entirely sheathing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Stem unbranched, ± 2.3 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Spike straight, 2-3-flowered; bracts (2.8-)4-4.7 cm. long, subequal or the inner slightly shorter, evidently dry at least above at flowering time. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Flowers white, the tepals evidently without markings; perianth-tube 8-8.5 cm. long, arching gently outward; tepals unequal, the upper 3 largest, 4-4.5 × 1.6-1.9 cm., the lower laterals smallest, ± 3.3 cm. long, the median lower tepal 3.5-4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Filaments ± 2.5 cm. long, included in the tube and reaching to just below the mouth of the tube; anthers ± 1.2 cm. long, evidently unilateral, the apices with minute obtuse appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Style extending over the anthers, dividing 2-10 mm. beyond the anther-apices, the branches, 6-7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790272 morphology 639E1892-067A-4DED-86C3-5231AEC7FAA5 Capsules unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991526-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Plants (30-)50-75 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Corm 8-15 mm. in diameter, tunics soft-membranous, fragmenting irregularly into narrow vertical strips, rarely becoming almost fibrous, light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Leaves (3-)4-5, at least the lower 2 basal and largest, the upper 1-2 cauline and reduced, lanceolate to nearly linear, plane, 1/2-2/3 as long as the stem, not reaching the base of the spike, 4-12(-20) mm. at the widest, usually rather soft-textured ( Pappi 1677), the margins and midribs not thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Stem simple or with 1-2 branches, ± 3 mm. in diameter at the base of the main spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Spike 2-7(-12)-flowered; bracts herbaceous, flushed red to purple, 1.8-2.4(-2.8) cm. long, the inner ± or less than 1/2 as long as the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Flowers bright red(-orange-red) on the dorsal tepals, greenish fading to yellow on the lower tepals, the throat and tube, in life the tube included in the bracts; perianth-tube 1.1-1.6 cm. long, the lower part slender and erect, 5-8 mm. long, fairly abruptly expanded and curved outward into a cylindrical, ± horizontal upper part, 6-8 mm. long; tepals very unequal, the dorsal largest, extended horizontally 1.2-1.8(-2.2) cm. long, the upper laterals directed forward, lanceolate, 8-12(-14) mm. long, the lower tepals reduced, the laterals narrowly lanceolate, 6-8 mm. long, the lowermost a linear cusp 3-6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Filaments 1.6-2 cm. long, exserted 5-8 mm. from the tube; anthers 4.5-8 mm. long, reaching 1-2 mm. below the apex of the dorsal tepal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Style ultimately reaching near to the apices of the anthers, the branches 3-4 mm. long, extended beyond the anthers and much expanded above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000790320 morphology 111766DC-4667-41EC-9729-CD78ADC36895 Capsules globose-ovoid, (7-)9-12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947910-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Plants 45-90 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Corm 2.5-3 cm. in diameter, the tunics membranous or ± fibrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Leaves ± 5, mostly basal, at least the uppermost inserted well above the ground, and sheathing for ± 1/2 its length, the lower leaves reaching to ± the base of the spike, narrowly lanceolate, 9-15(-20) mm. wide, neither the midrib not the margins noticeably thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Stem usually unbranched, occasionally with up to 3 lateral branches, 4-6 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Spike (6-)9-15-flowered, straight below, arched outward above; bracts 3.5-5.5(-7) cm. long, imbricate, usually red or reddish-purple (uniformly white in the only known population from Kenya). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Flowers either predominantly white, but the lower 3 tepals greenish at least apically, the distal parts of the dorsal tepals sometimes flushed reddish, or in plants from northern Uganda and Sudan, the tepals bright red to orange; perianth-tube ± 3.5 cm. long, the lower part straight and slender, the upper part curved at base and horizontal or ascending, ± 2 cm. long, also cylindric; tepals unequal, the dorsal largest, (1.2-)1.4-1.8 cm. long, extending horizontally, upper laterals 8-10 mm. long, the lower tepals 5-7 mm. long, nearly linear and extending forward. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Filaments ± 4 cm. long, exserted ± 1 cm. from the tube; anthers 7-8 mm. long, ultimately exceeding the dorsal tepal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Style dividing opposite the middle of the anthers, the branches 5-7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789794 morphology 0E32C9A2-5FC9-4A3B-878A-A6F2A5D33DD8 Capsules ovoid, ± 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:947911-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Plants 45-80 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Corms 1.5-2.5 cm. in diameter, tunics initially membranous, becoming fibrous and matted with age, fibres brown, enclosing numerous small cormlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Leaves four or five, fairly soft-textured, the midrib and margins not thickened, the lower 3 ± basal and longest, lanceolate to linear, reaching to ± the base of the spike, 8-18(-24) mm. wide, the upper 2 leaves cauline and sheathing in the lower half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Stem unbranched, ± 3 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Spike erect, 5-9-flowered; bracts green and soft-textured, the outer sometimes flushed red, 2.5-4(-6) cm. long, the inner 2/3 as long as the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Flowers bright orange-red or dark red, the lower tepals each with a median white to yellow streak, the marks on the lower laterals spathulate and widest near the tepal apices; perianth-tube 2.5-3.5 cm. long, the lower part slender and cylindric, 1.8-2.5 cm. long, the upper part funnel-shaped, 8-10 mm. long; tepals lanceolate, unequal, the dorsal largest, 4.5-5.5 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, arched over the stamens and style, the lower 3 united for 1-1.2 cm., ± 4 cm. long, nearly horizontal or tilted toward the ground, in profile the lower equalling or exceeding the dorsal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Filaments 3.5-4 cm. long, exserted 2-2.5 cm.; anthers 1-1.2 cm. long, reaching to ± the upper 1/3 of the dorsal tepal, with a slender, usually inconspicuous apiculate appendage 0.5-1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Style arched over the stamens, dividing opposite to or beyond the anther-apices, the branches ± 4 mm. long, widened and channelled above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000789786 morphology A1F91DE5-BAF9-46FD-B1D7-D763E89DEC58 Capsules ellipsoid, 1.8-2.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437408-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Plants 40-80 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Corms 1.5-2.5 cm. in diameter, tunics initially membranous, becoming fibrous and matted with age, fibres brown, enclosing numerous small cormlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Leaves 4-5, fairly soft-textured, the midrib and margins not thickened, the lower 3 ± basal and usually longest, lanceolate to linear, reaching to ± the base of the spike, 8-18(-24) mm. wide, the upper 2 leaves cauline and sheathing in the lower half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Stem erect, unbranched, 3-4 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Spike erect, (2-)5-9-flowered; bracts pale green and soft-textured, the outer sometimes flushed red, 2.5-4(-5) cm. long, the inner 2/3 as long as the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Flowers pale to deep pink, the lower tepals each with a median white to yellow streak outlined in red or purple, the mark broadest in the centre and largest on the lower laterals; perianth-tube narrowly funnel-shaped, the lower part, 3-4 mm. long, slender and cylindric, the wider upper part ± 2 cm. long; tepals lanceolate, subequal or the dorsal somewhat longer than the others, 3.8-4.5 cm. long, the dorsal ± horizontal, 1.5-2 cm. wide, the lower 3 joined for ± 5 mm., tilted slightly below horizontal, 8-12 mm. wide, in profile usually slightly exceeding than the dorsal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Filaments 1.5-2 cm. long, exserted (3-)5-10(-15) mm. from the tube; anthers 1-1.5 cm. long, reaching to ± the middle of the dorsal tepal, with apiculate appendage ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Style arched over the stamens, dividing at or beyond the anther-apices, the branches ± 4 mm. long, wider and channelled above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Capsules ± ellipsoid, ± 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000790143 morphology 9EFD00CE-F4DF-42BD-AEA6-855251F1516B Fig. 17/1-2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437694-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Plants 30-45 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Corms 1.5-2 cm. in diameter, tunics initially membranous, becoming ± fibrous externally, fibres straw-coloured, mostly vertical, enclosing a few small cormlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Leaves 4-5, the lower 2-3 ± basal and usually longest, narrowly lanceolate, reaching to ± the base of the spike, 4-7 mm. wide, the upper 2 leaves cauline, becoming ± entirely sheathing, all fairly soft-textured, the midrib and margins hardly thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Stem evidently erect, unbranched, 2-3 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Spike erect, 2-6-flowered; bracts green, soft-textured, the outer 3.3-3.8 cm. long, the inner 2/3 as long as the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Flowers white to cream, fading to pale salmon or pink, the lower 3 tepals sometimes each with a median pale yellow mark in the midline; perianth-tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 3.3-3.5 cm. long, the lower cylindrical part ± 2.3 cm. long, the wider upper part 1 cm. long; tepals lanceolate, ± equal in length, 2.8-3 cm. long, the dorsal widest and horizontal, broadly lanceolate, ± 1.7 cm. wide, the other tepals narrowly lanceolate, 5-8 mm. wide, the lower 3 ± horizontal, joined together for ± 2 mm., in profile appearing 3-5 mm. longer than the dorsal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Filaments ± 1.5 cm. long, barely exserted from the tube for ± 2 mm.; anthers 1.2-1.3 cm. long, reaching to ± the middle of the dorsal tepal, with acute apiculate appendages ± 1-2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Style arched over the stamens, dividing just below the apex of the anthers, branches ± 3.2 mm. long, widened above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000789898 morphology 415A1A20-ABA8-4829-8FD8-6968353324A0 Capsules unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437497-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Plants ± 75 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Corms globose, evidently unusually small, ± 1 cm. in diameter, the tunics membranous, light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Leaves 8, the lower 4 basal and longest, ± 2/3 as long as the stem, and not reaching the base of the spike, the blades sublinear, 3-4 mm. wide, the margins and midribs lightly thickened, the upper 4 leaves inserted on the lower part of the stem, sheathing for at least 1/2 their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Stem erect, unbranched, ± 1.7 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Spike erect, up to 14-flowered; bracts green, the outer 1.4-2.5(-3.5) cm. long, the inner ± 1/2 as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Flowers evidently reddish purple and the tepals without contrasting markings; perianth-tube ± 1.1 cm. long, the lower half straight, the upper half curving outward and becoming horizontal; tepals subequal, narrowly lanceolate and attenuate, ± 33 × 3-3.5 mm., somewhat shorter in dry material, evidently extended forward for most of their length and curving gently outward in the upper third. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Filaments ± 5 mm. long, entirely included in the tube; anthers ± 9 mm. long, the lower 2-3 mm. included in the tube, with acute apiculate appendages ± 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Style dividing 3-4 mm. below the anther-apices, the branches ± 2.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790373 morphology A966B30B-940B-4508-962A-4069EA4A2A8E Capsules unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:991529-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Plants 30-65 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Corm 1.5-2.2 cm. in diameter, tunics firm to softly membranous, fragmenting irregularly, sometimes becoming subfibrous, dark red-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Leaves 4-8, the lower 3-5 basal, narrowly lanceolate, reaching at least to the base of the spike, sometimes slightly exceeding it, 5-12 mm. at the widest, relatively soft-textured and without thickened margins or midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Stem erect or inclined, unbranched, 3-4 mm. in diameter at the base of the spike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Spike often inclined, 3-5-flowered; bracts green, the outer 5-8(-10) cm. long, the inner shorter than and concealed by the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Flowers white, with a prominent dark purple streak in the midline of the lower 3 or all of the tepals, sweetly scented, more strongly in the evenings; perianth-tube cylindric and straight, slightly wider near the throat, (9-)12-15 cm. long; tepals ± equal, lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, 1.7-2.2 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Filaments exserted 1-1.5 cm.; anthers ± 1.5 cm. long, with a rigid filiform apiculus 2-4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Style arching over the stamens, dividing beyond the anthers, the branches ± 5 mm. long, much expanded in the upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000790109 morphology 040D9128-6EB6-487F-A761-2CF1BF1B357A Capsules oblong-ellipsoid, 2-2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:437667-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Plants 20-40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Corm globose, 1.2-2.5 cm. in diameter, tunics firm-papery, breaking into vertical fibres above and below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Leaves 2-3, all ± basal, narrowly lanceolate, ± 1/2 as long as the stem, 5-10 mm. wide, the margins and midribs evident but not noticeably thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Stem erect, unbranched, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter below the first flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Spike erect, 2-4-flowered; bracts (2.5-)4-5(-8) cm. long, the inner shorter and narrower than the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Flowers white, rarely pink, rarely with narrow purple median streaks in the lower midline of the lower tepals, sweetly scented; perianth-tube (7-)8-10 cm. long, ± straight and cylindric; tepals subequal, broadly lanceolate to elliptic, (2-)2.5-3 cm. long, ± 1.5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Filaments ± 2 cm. long, included in the tube, or rarely exserted 1-2 mm.; anthers 8-10 mm. long, with acute apiculate appendages 1.3-1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Style dividing opposite the anther-apices, the branches 5-7 mm. long, often unusually broad and fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Capsules narrowly elliptic to obovoid, 1.8-2.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 morphology E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Fig. 17/3-4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000789707 use E5839793-45F0-4CDF-9103-D5CC946CB9F8 Unusual for Gladiolus, the corms are eaten when available in Dhofar (Miller & Morris, 1988). Corms are reported to be eaten asa remedy for snake bite in northern Kenya (Gillett 12833). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:982802-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Plants 10–20 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Leaves linear, 5–25 cm. long, 1–8 mm. wide, ± succulent, often with ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Peduncles 3–15 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Inflorescence a simple raceme, 3–7 cm. long, with 3–15 flowers; floral bracts membranous, cuspidate, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Pedicels semipatent, sometimes drooping in fruit, 5–25 mm. long, elongating to 40 mm. with age. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Tepals white with green stripes on the outside, 9–10mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Stamens shorter than the tepals, with filaments up to 4 mm. long; the yellow-orange anthers shorter and curled after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Capsule subglobose with a rounded triangular cross-section, 3–8 mm. long, slightly ridged, but not verrucose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Seeds 2–3 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760260 morphology B9C37F04-E146-4294-BD43-C952438F21C6 Fig. 1/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530297-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Plants up to 15 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Leaves linear, 10–15 cm. long, ± 1 cm. wide, sheathing into a neck 3–5 cm. long, with scabrid margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Peduncle 1–4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Inflorescence a raceme, often with 1–3 basal branches, 5–10 cm. long, with 10–15 flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Pedicels semipatent, ± 1 cm. long at anthesis, elongating with age. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Flowers similar to those of A. corymbosum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000760414 morphology 700B5BFD-A2CD-48C2-8674-30D7A3F589EA Capsule distinctly verrucose, otherwise similar to that of A. corymbosum . urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530449-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Robust plants, 65–200 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Stamens 5, included or exserted; filaments filiform; anthers linear, with the connective prolonged into a small trulliform appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Disc absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Ovary deeply 4-lobed; style gynobasic, filiform; stigma obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000025092 morphology 9AD6028F-3BAB-49F8-AE8D-4FAB2A606A10 Fruit composed of 4 erect, oblong-ovoid glabrous shining nutlets fixed by a small basal areole to the flat or convex receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010296-2 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Usually perennial (one species a herbaceous annual) with spreading or ascending branched stems, becoming woody with age, sparsely to densely hairy, the leaf-hairs often arising from well-developed mineralized discoid bases urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Leaves all cauline, mostly alternate but lowest on a shoot opposite and in one species all opposite, rather thick or somewhat succulent, narrow and elongate, mostly without visible nervation, the margins somewhat involute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Inflorescences few–many-flowered, bracteate, with flowers interspersed among leaves along the outer half of the leafy shoot or aggregated into erect elongating pseudo-racemose clusters terminating the leafy stems and branches, never distinctly scorpioid; pedicels short and stout or obsolete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Calyx-lobes 5, oblong to lanceolate or oblanceolate, equal or very unequal, sometimes united at base into a very short tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Corolla white, lilac, blue or reddish purple, sometimes pale but becoming blue or purple with age, salver-shaped or funnel-shaped, symmetrical to strongly zygomorphic, outside glabrous to strigulose or pubescent or with minute stipitate glands, hairy at the throat; lobes rounded, obovate, ovate or semicircular, equal or unequal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Stamens 5 with unequal filaments, included or shortly exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Style short or extending only to the throat, never exserted, slender, entire or in one species very shortly bilobed at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000012966 morphology E4E2DB48-F35D-41F3-A724-4A7153A6A8B6 Nutlets 1–4, grey to reddish, broadly lanceolate, ovate or cordate in dorsal outline, dorsally not or imperfectly ridged, ventrally obtuse or with median keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:4560-1 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Herbs or subshrubs, hispid, hairy or sometimes almost glabrous, erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Leaves alternate or subopposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Flowers pedicellate in lax sometimes many-flowered terminal cymose inflorescences urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Calyx deeply divided into 5–6 imbricate ovate to lanceolate lobes which are often winged, narrowed to cuspidate at the apex, rounded to cordate at the base, accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Corolla blue or white, subrotate or funnel-shaped; tube with naked throat; lobes 5–6, ovate, ± cuspidate at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Stamens 5–6, with very short and flattened filaments; anthers oblong or linear-lanceolate, ± pubescent on back, nearly always forming a cone with the connectives produced above the thecae in a linear usually twisted appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Ovary ovoid, 4-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Style gynobasic or terminal, long and subulate; stigma small, subglobose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Fruits with 4 ovoid nutlets, 3-angled on the ventral face or one discoid sometimes margined nutlet, smooth, rugose or hairy on the back urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000038979 morphology 62823B8E-2091-4111-9F1A-52DEA94C573A Seeds subglobose or obovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Perennial, biennial or rarely annual usually very hairy herbs or subshrubby herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Leaves alternate, the radical ones long-petiolate, the cauline ones sessile or shortly petiolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Cymes terminal or axillary, generally ebracteate, scorpioid, lengthening considerably in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Flowers white or blue, pedicellate or subsessile; calyx persistent with 5 spreading or reflexed lobes, slightly accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Corolla cylindric-rotate or funnel-shaped with 5 broadly ovate imbricate spreading obtuse lobes; throat closed by ± squarish or crescent-shaped appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Stamens 5, included, inserted at the base or towards the apex of the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Ovary distinctly 4-lobed, adhering to the central stylar column by a part of the internal face only of each lobe; style gynobasic; disc sometimes distinct and lobulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000010419 morphology C52B0DA4-463B-4170-AF43-DE301E46DC52 Nutlets 4, depressed-ovoid, usually densely echinulate with glochidiate spines or smooth in part, sometimes the apical beak cohering with the style. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003351-2 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Perennial herbs with single unbranched stems clothed with petiole remnants; rootstocks horizontal or subvertical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Basal leaves broadly ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, long-petiolate; cauline leaves elliptic to narrowly lanceolate the lower long-petiolate, the upper sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Flowers in large ± lax branched panicles with reduced bracts or lower leaf-like, the individual cymes 8–15-flowered, simple or branched, pedunculate; pedicels elongating considerably in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Calyx divided nearly to the base into 5 equal lanceolate persistent but scarcely accrescent lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Corolla white, sometimes tinged mauve or yellowish, campanulate or subrotate; lobes ovate, obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Throat-bosses exserted, trapeziform, oblong-triangular or semilunar, usually emarginate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Filaments inserted in middle of corolla-tube, ± exserted; anthers almost medifixed, versatile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Nectary scales ±10 at base of corolla-tube, each with 2 divergent horns urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Ovary indistinctly 4-lobed; style filiform, ± equalling the stamens; stigma small, capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000000872 morphology 434DD772-445F-49EB-AA89-952C400914A0 Nutlets 1–4, all equal or one much exceeding the others, either wingless and densely glochidiate or with a broad cartilaginous ± undulate wing but lacking glochids. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893525-1 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Leaves opposite or sometimes in whorls of 3, simple and dentate or deeply divided, rarely entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Flowers in simple spikes or panicles of spikes, often dense and compact or more elongate and lax, bracteate, terminal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Calyx tubular, distinctly and ± unequally (4–)5-toothed, 5-ribbed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Corolla funnel-shaped or hypocrateriform; tube straight or ± curved, ± pubescent within; limb 5-lobed, ± spreading, feebly to distincdy 2-lipped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Stamens (2–)4(–5), included, usually inserted near the middle of the tube but sometimes higher, didynamous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Ovary entire or 4-lobed, 4-locular with a single ovule in each locule; style slender but ± short; stigma unequally 2-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Fruit splitting into 4 nutlets at maturity, enveloped in the persistent calyx urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000040140 morphology 4DA73FFE-F855-47CE-BA5E-CE416AD96017 Nutlets with inner face often scabridulous or granulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Erect or spreading perennial herbs or undershrubs, often quite woody at base and often densely pubescent Leaves opposite or subopposite, mostly ovate or oblong, toothed or incised-dentate, rarely ± entire, ± petiolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate in terminal spikes or spike-like racemes; rhachis not excavated; bracts small and narrow; bracteoles minute or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Calyx narrowly tubular, 5-ribbed and 5-angled, somewhat oblique, 5-toothed, dilating and splitting longitudinally at maturity urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Corolla white, yellowish or pink, infundibuliform or hypocrateriform; tube slender, straight or curved, often widened at apex, glabrous outside, pilose inside between stamens; limb ± oblique, with 5 subequal or unequal lobes, ± 2-lipped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted in upper part of the corolla-tube, included or slightly exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Ovary cylindrical or narrowly oblong, glabrous, 2-locular, each locule with one basal anatropous ovule; style terminal, filiform, elongate; stigma ± oblique, sub-bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Fruit straw-coloured to black, oblong, of 2 1-seeded linear-oblong nutlets ribbed on outer surface, sometimes winged at apex, minutely verruculose-asperulous on seed-part inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000007710 morphology CFFB5D2B-D1B8-4A4B-9DB2-13C6AEDA1A9C Seeds linear, exalbuminous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331485-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs, glabrous to densely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Leaves opposite or alternate, entire or toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Flowers sessile, crowded in elongate terminal spikes, the rhachis hollowed beneath each flower; bracts present urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Calyx persistent, closely adpressed, not enlarging in fruit; tube narrow, 4–5-lobed or-toothed or with 2 2-fid lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Corolla coloured, hypocrateriform; tube cylindrical; limb equally or usually subequally 5-lobed, ± irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Stamens 2, anterior plus 2 staminodes inserted in the upper part of the tube; fertile stamens with divergent anther-thecae, ± included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Ovary 2-locular with 1 erect anatropous ovule in each locule; style filiform with capitate or subcapitate stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Fruit included in the calyx, splitting into 21-seeded linear-oblong mericarps urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000036246 morphology 485BA6A2-771C-4C97-B192-0D9174545899 Seeds linear, exalbuminous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330579-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Erect or ascending mostly almost subscabrid pubescent perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Leaves opposite or subopposite, simple, mostly ± toothed, sessile or petiolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Inflorescences raceme-like or subspicate, terminal or axillary; bracts small; flowers ± small, arranged in a spirally alternate or pseudo-secund manner on the mostly elongate rhachis urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, with 4–5 mostly short equal or subequal teeth, persistent, enlarging and covering the fruit, usually contracted and ± beaked at the mouth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Corolla white or coloured, ± irregular, funnel-shaped or hypocrateriform; tube cylindric, straight or slightly curved, widened at the throat; limb ± 2-lipped, with 5 unequal lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted near the middle of the tube, included; a minute staminode is sometimes present also urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Ovary 2(–4)-locular, with each locule 1–2-ovuled; style terminal, filiform, 2-lobed at apex with a longer curved or erect stigmatiferous lobe and a very minute tooth-like lobe; ovules basal, erect, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Fruit eventually splitting into 2 1–2-locular subglobose cocci; pericarp hard, the dorsal surface echinate, scrobiculate or ridged, the inner excavated, flat or concave urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000031192 morphology 1E5A5E1C-DEA5-4DA2-8FC8-A94B2A7AF822 Seeds without endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330588-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Trailing perennial herbs with angular stems rooting at the nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Leaves opposite, simple, subentire to toothed, mostly tapering into an obscure petiole; lamina with sparse to dense adpressed medifixed hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Inflorescences ± long-pedunculate axillary short ovoid to cylindric very dense bracteate spikes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Calyx membranous, 2-lobed, compressed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Corolla with short tube and spreading somewhat irregularly 4-lobed white or purple limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Stamens 4, included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000029368 morphology 6CA468E2-2BD1-4C36-A3AB-6E601348D4BB Fruit of 2 nutlets enveloped by the persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330571-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Erect shrubs, subshrubs or perennial herbs, mostly pyrophytes from large woody rootstocks, pubescent or hairy; dioecious in species 11 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3–4, rarely alternate, entire or variously crenate, toothed or lobed, often scabrid above and rugose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Flowers small, sessile in mostly pedunculate dense heads or spikes which sometimes elongate in fruit, 1–several heads per axil and sometimes forming terminal panicles but often in numerous lower axils; each flower supported by a bract; eventual bare rhachis with floral scars very closely placed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Calyx campanulate or compressed and laterally 2-keeled or 2-winged, undulate, truncate, 2–4-fid or 4-toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Corolla white, greenish or creamy yellow, often darker at the throat, more rarely magenta; tube cylindric or funnel-shaped, straight or curved; limb ± 2-lipped, oblique, the anterior lip larger than the posterior urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted in the corolla-tube, included or slightly exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Ovary 2-locular, each locule with 1 ovule; style usually short with oblique or recurved stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Fruit dry, surrounded by the adpressed calyx, separating into 2 pyrenes at maturity; pericarp papery or hard urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000021924 morphology DDB5CD37-863E-4E28-80EE-5DDB78E0D4A6 Seeds without endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330566-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Erect, scandent or occasionally prostrate herbs or shrubs, with usually tomentose, scabrid-hairy or sparsely to densely prickly stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3(–4), mostly aromatic, usually toothed, often ± bullate or rugose, usually glandular-punctate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Flowers sessile in often colourful, usually axillary, pedunculate heads or spike-like inflorescences, each flower subtended by an ovate to lanceolate usually acuminate bract urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Calyx small, membranous, truncate or sinuate-dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Corolla red, yellow, purple, blue, mauve or white, sometimes bicoloured with throat yellow to orange, often changing colour after fertilisation, salver-shaped with narrowly cylindrical tube; limb obscurely 2-lipped, 4–5-lobed, the lobes obtuse or even emarginate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted at middle of tube, included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Ovary 2-locular with 1 basal erect ovule per locule; style short, with ± thick oblique or sublateral stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Axis of fruiting spike with scars ± scattered, not close as in Lippia urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Drupes with ± fleshy mesocarp, rarely rather dry; endocarp hard, 2-locular or splitting into 2 1-locular pyrenes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000020568 morphology E673536E-698C-4A3F-8DA5-89C0FDFBBEA0 Seeds without albumen. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330561-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Erect, trailing or subscandent unarmed or spiny shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Leaves small, opposite or verticillate, simple, entire to serrate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Flowers few to many in terminal and axillary racemes or panicles; bracts small urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Calyx 5-toothed, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Corolla irregular with straight or curved tube; limb 2-lipped, with 5 unequal lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Stamens 4–5, slightly didynamous, inserted above the middle of the tube, included; in the case of 4 stamens a small staminode is sometimes present also urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Ovary globose, 8–10-locular, each locule with a single erect anatropous ovule; style equalling or shorter than the corolla-tube; stigma oblique, ± capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Fruit fleshy, with 4–5 2-seeded pyrenes, tightly enclosed by the persistent calyx urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000012771 morphology 6A614BA5-D8F3-4CC1-A425-81546D389611 Seeds erect, without albumen; testa membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330601-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Trees, shrubs or occasionally lianas, the stems mostly 4-angled, glabrous to densely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3, (1–)3–7-foliolate, mostly petiolate; leaflets entire, toothed or lobed, often glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Cymes mostly dichasial, short and dense to open and spreading, sessile or pedunculate, the bracts often well developed; cymes sometimes aggregated into thyrsoid or lax panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Calyx campanulate to tubular, (3–)5(–6)-lobed or toothed or nearly truncate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Corolla white and/or coloured, mostly shades of blue, lilac or mauve, ± zygomorphic; tube shortly cylindrical to long-tubular or ± funnel-shaped; limb spreading, ± 2-lipped, the upper lip 2-fid, the lower 3-fid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted in the tube, mostly exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Ovary at first ± 2-locular, later usually 4-locular, with single ovule in each locule; style terminal, filiform, shortly bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Drupes fleshy with hard 4-celled endocarp; fruiting calyx usually accrescent, plate-like or cupular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000040364 morphology 206B593F-CAC5-4128-AF81-4BD1869BD0F5 Seeds without endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000069-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Trees (sometimes of timber dimensions), shrubs, climbers or rarely small pyrophytic herbs, glabrous to densely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3–4, usually distinctly petiolate, entire or toothed, often dotted with resinous glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, mostly small and dull-coloured, usually numerous in corymbs or thyrses of cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Calyx small, campanulate or cupular, truncate or 2–5-lobed and often ± 2-lipped, somewhat accrescent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Corolla-tube shortly cylindrical; limb spreading, with 4 rounded equal or subequal lobes; throat often hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Stamens 4, ± didynamous, included or less often ± exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Ovary 2-locular or spuriously 4-locular; ovules 4, 1 or 2 per locule, attached laterally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Style subulate, shortly bifid at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Drupes small, globose, with thin fleshy mesocarp and bony endocarp; pyrene 4-locular; calycine cup persistent, often venose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000031100 morphology BECAA375-031B-48FD-BE96-18E012FDE62C Seeds oblong, with albumen. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331875-2 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Shrubs or trees, glabrous or pubescent, unarmed or with small axillary spines; stems sometimes ± subscandent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-0000603368 morphology 2304667C-002B-45A1-A121-F02C08EACD6E Leaves 7-foliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559303-1 wfo-0000603368 morphology 2304667C-002B-45A1-A121-F02C08EACD6E Flowers mauve, pink or red with white at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559303-1 wfo-0000603368 morphology 2304667C-002B-45A1-A121-F02C08EACD6E Fruit globose, to 10 cm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559303-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Tree to 40 m. high, with a long clear bole and large buttresses to 6 m. high; bark grey, with blunt conical spines to 3 cm. long on trunk and sometimes on young branches; branches in whorls, forming a layered crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Branchlets glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Leaves 5-7(-9)-foliate; petiole 22-24 cm. long; petiolules 0.7-2 cm. long; leaflets obovate, 8-23 cm. long, 3-7.5 cm. wide, caudate-acuminate at the apex, cuneate to decurrent at the base, glabrous to sparsely puberulous beneath; secondary veins in 15-25 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Inflorescences of axillary fascicles of 2-6 flowers, or flowers solitary; flowers often present when the tree is leafless; pedicel 10-25 mm. long, glabrous or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Calyx cupuliform and truncate or undulate, 10-16 mm. long, 25-45 mm. wide, glabrous to stellate-tomentellous outside, silky-villous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Petals oblong, obtuse or rounded at the apex, 5.5-9.5 cm. long, 2.5-3.7 cm. wide, orange or red, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Stamens many, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, the filaments united at their base into a tube of 5-8 mm.; filaments pubescent towards the base and grouped in an outer whorl of 5 bundles and an inner whorl of 5 pairs; anthers 2-2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Ovary conical, 5-8 mm. high, 4-5 mm. across at the base, glabrous; style 4-5 cm. long; stigma with reflexed lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Fruit oblong, 5-ridged (when young) to 5-angular (when mature), obtuse at the apex and the base, 8-18 cm. long, 3.5-6 cm. across, dark brown or black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000568357 morphology 971FBD02-0A5E-441F-8DB9-80CB2FEDA466 Seeds pyriform, 5-6 mm. across, dark brown, covered with white woolly indument. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:559113-1 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Tree to 35(-50) m., with very straight trunk; main branches at right-angles to the trunk; crown layered in young trees; bole buttressed; bark smooth, in Flora area usually with scattered conical spines 1-1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Young branches glabrous or pubescent; older branches often spiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Leaves 5-9-foliolate; stipules quickly caducous, leaving a large scar; petiole 5.5-25 cm. long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent in young leaves, pulvinate at the base, at the apex expanded into an almost circular disk; leaflets narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, 7-20 cm. long, 1.8-6.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, undulate at the margin, or rarely obscurely toothed near the apex in young leaves, glabrous; secondary veins in 14-20 pairs; petiolules 1-10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Flowers often on leafless branches, or sometimes present when the whole tree is leafless; inflorescence axillary, fasciculate, 1-15-flowered; pedicels 1.8-4.4 cm. long, glabrous, with scars of the caducous bracteoles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Calyx campanulate, 9-15 mm. long, 11-14 mm. wide, lobed for about one-fifth of its length, the lobes rounded or subacute, glabrous outside and pubescent inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Petals pink or white, oblong to spathulate, 2-3.5 cm. long, 0.7-1.5 cm. wide, apex rounded or subacute, tomentose outside and glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Filament-tube 5-9 mm. long, the 5 bundles 15-35 mm. long; anthers coiled or reniform, 3-5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Ovary semi-inferior, 3-5 mm. high, 3-6 mm. across, glabrous or nearly so; style 25-33 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Capsule at least somewhat woody, loculicidal, smooth-valved, brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 8-26(-60 according to Fl. Cameroun) cm. long, 4-11 cm. across, with a persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Seeds many, subglobose, ± 6 mm. across, dark brown, embedded in copious white or greyish silky wool. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000592594 morphology 9BB8DD66-3D1B-4C09-A39C-9055C1C91943 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1166232-2 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Stems often shortly decumbent, then erect, relatively robust, usually ribbed, occasionally branched, white, cream, pink or brown, 5-35 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Basal and scale leaves up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Flowers few-many in a lax bifid cyme, the first flower at joint of the opposite lateral branches, odorous; cyme branches 1-7 cm. long; bract scale-like, up to 3.5 mm. long; pedicel 2-7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Perianth-tube waxy, white, cylindrical, narrow, 4-10 mm.; outer tepals white to yellow, 3-lobed, mid-lobe broadly ovate, lateral lobes lanceolate to ovate, undulate, acute to obtuse, subequal in length, 1-8 mm.; inner tepals small, ovate, 0.25-0.4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Anthers yellow; thecae globose; anther-connective rectangular-globose, apiculate, 0.75 × 0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Ovary shallowly obovoid, 1-1.5 mm. long; stigmas ovate, with a depression at the centre, inappendiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Fruit greyish, to 4 mm. long, with crown of persistent part of the perianth-tube, cylindrical to conical, 2.5-5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433646 morphology 9A5F016C-17C8-43D9-9562-CC2D9A092F48 Fig. 2/1-5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126746-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Stem usually simple, 3.5-10 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Scale-leaves sparse, triangular, acute, 0.5-1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Flowers white or ?blue, 1-7 in a lax bifid cyme, the first flower arising at the joint of the cyme-branches; cyme-branches up to 3 cm. long; bracts triangular-obovate, up to 1.5 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide at base; pedicels 2-7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Perianth-tube dilated abruptly into a broad band towards the mouth, 2.5-5 mm. long; outer tepals thick, 3-lobed, mid-lobe obtuse, lateral lobes narrower, oblanceolate, free at the apex, 1-3 mm.; inner tepals reduced to minute scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Anther-connective squarish, 0.3-0.4 × 0.4-0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Ovary obovoid, ±1.5 mm. long; placental glands small; style trifid, 1-1.7 mm.; stigma-lobes funnel-shaped, incurved, swollen, up to 0.4 mm. long, with filiform tails. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Fruit ellipsoid or obovoid, sometimes dehiscing irregularly, up to 4 × 1-3 mm.; crown of persistent part of the perianth-tube conical, 1-4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Seeds ovoid to subglobose, minutely arillate, 0.2 × 0.1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000433402 morphology 6F204CE1-2254-4323-A945-84238B138501 Fig. 2/6-10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126713-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Underground stem up to 4 cm. long, with spherical clusters of bulbils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Stem above ground 2.5-15 cm., simple or sometimes with 1-flowered side branch, sometimes irregularly papillose, ridged just below flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Leaves ovate, acute, sometimes keeled, pale brown, ± 2.5-5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Inflorescence a 1-3-flowered cyme; bracts lanceolate to ovate, acute, keeled, dull red, clasping stem, 6-10 × 5-6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Perianth-tube bent ± at right-angles near the middle where flanged within; lower part of perianth-tube 6-nerved, transparent, cream with purple V-shaped markings indicating the interior position of the adnate filaments, 5-10 mm. on longest side, 3-6 mm. on shortest side, 5-8.5 mm. wide; upper part of tube chrome yellow with crimson patch above, 6-nerved, 8-10 mm. on longest side, 4-7 mm. on shortest side, 5.5-7 mm. wide; flange up to 0.85 mm.; mouth with a recurved fleshy rim 1 mm. deep, yellow; tepals yellow, 4.5-15 mm. long, inserted up to 8 mm. apart, with free extensions basally on either side up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Stamens cream, filament inserted at base of perianth-wall, free part of filament thickened, curved, ± 0.1-1.5 mm. long, anther 0.5-1 mm. long, anther-connective with triangular appendage at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Ovary pale yellow or purplish, 1-3 × 3.5-4.5 mm.; style 1-2 mm. long, up to 0.75 mm. wide; stigma with 6 small obtuse lobes at margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338135 morphology 04EB52AF-5B9D-4251-A9B5-1BBC9AC6EA5E Fruit pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:126542-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Caulis 7-18 cm. longus foliis naviculiformibus, 3-7 × 3-5 mm.; flos solitarius bractea naviculiformi 12 × 6-8 mm. subtentus; perianthium papillosum tubo galeiformi in parte proximali ante flexum annulumque usque 20 mm. longo, usque 12 mm. diametro, albo flavoque et purpureo-maculato, ad orem reflexo 1.5-2 mm.; tepala 12-36 mm. longa projecturis basalibus 3-5 mm. latis ori perianthii adnatis; filamenta staminum usque ad medium perianthio adnata parte libera incurva 2-3 mm. longa, connectivo antherorum 1-2 mm. longo; stylus 1.5-2 × 0.5-1 mm., stigmate cyathiformi lobis sex obtusis.  Stem whitish, partly underground with clusters of bulbils, above ground branched or not, ribbed, scaly or irregularly papillose, 7-18 cm., ridged or winged just below inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Leaves alternate, colourless, boat-shaped, clasping stem at base, 3-7 × 3-5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Bract boat-shaped, dull red, 12 × 6-8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Flowers produced singly, zygomorphic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Perianth rugose or irregularly papillose; lower part of the tube white, veined maroon below, with a dark reddish brown patch at the highest point, 1.7-2 cm. on longest side, 3-5 mm. on shortest side, width near base 6-7.5 mm., width at widest point 1.2 cm.; internal flange large, undulate, 3-6 mm. at the widest point, 1 mm. at the narrowest point, interrupted for 6 mm.; upper part of tube yellow, 5-7 mm. on longest side, 4-5 mm. on shortest side, 1.1 cm. wide and up to 8 mm. high; mouth of perianth having fleshy recurved rim ± 1.5-2 mm., the flange-like edge 0.25-0.4 mm.; tepals white, 1.2-3.6 cm., maroon at 3-5 mm. wide hastate base, the extensions being fused to the perianth-mouth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Lower half of filament adnate to perianth-tube for 3 mm., anthers 1-2 mm. long including the obtusely triangular upcurved 0.5 mm. long connective-extension; thecae facing the perianth-tube, not the stigmatic surfaces, distance between the top of the stamens and the flange 0.5-7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Ovary enclosed by clasping bract, 3 × 4.5 mm.; style 1.5-2 × 0.5-over 1 mm.; stigma cup-shaped, with 6 obtuse lobes, in 3 groups of 2, ridged below, raised above close to the depressed centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Fruit and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000338131 morphology 98D84197-2958-49D0-8C04-DA161BAE2E3F Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934762-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Shrub or tree 1.5-10(-20) m. tall or rarely a subshrub with a woody base; branches striate and glabrous or±densely pubescent when young but eventually glabrous and terete; bark grey-brown or dark brown, rather rough or sometimes finely reticulate; slash red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Leaves obovate or oblanceolate to elliptic or oblong-elliptic, (5.2-)6.5-10.5(-15) cm. long, 1.4-4.5(-6) cm. wide, rounded or obtuse to acutely acuminate at the apex, usually narrowly cuneate at the base, entire to glandular-serrate or -dentate towards the apex, rather coriaceous, glabrous, with 6-13 pairs of nerves, slightly prominent on both sides or plane, and with densely reticulate tertiary venation not or only slightly prominent beneath; petiole very short or up to 3 mm. long, stout, somewhat fleshy, brown or blackish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Inflorescences 1-3, 2-10(-15) cm. long, shorter to longer than the subtending leaf; rhachis simple or rarely branched at the base, slender, striate, glabrous or±densely pubescent, bearing cymose clusters of 2-3 flowers or solitary flowers in the bract-axils; bracts and bracteoles scale-like or rarely leafy, deciduous, 0.1-1.5 cm. long, often toothed; pedicels 1-5(-8) mm. long, glabrous or±densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Sepals ovate to oblong, 1.5-2 mm. long, rounded, entire or±dentate at the apex, glabrous or pubescent at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Petals white to greenish white or cream, obovate, 2-3 mm. long, rounded at the apex, glabrous, enlarging to 4-6 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Stamens 5, shorter to longer than the petals, with slender filaments, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Ovary broadly ovoid-conic, 0.75-1 mm. long, glabrous; style 1.5-2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Capsule green to reddish brown, globose or shortly cylindric, (5-)6-9(-10) mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Seeds 1-3 per capsule, dark reddish brown, ovoid,±5 mm. long,±flattened, shining, surrounded by a red aril which becomes yellowish-translucent when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000464924 morphology F7D9E21B-9FE6-4405-A6A4-D66BEA730242 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544853-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Large glabrous evergreen tree 12-45 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 With a straight bole up to 1 m. diameter at base, often heavily armed with blunt spines to 2.5 cm. long and with prominent sharp spreading sometimes plank-like buttresses (see Z.A.E., t. 20 (1922)) 3.6-5 m. tall, continued as fluting; bark rough, grey or brown, somewhat fissured, often flaking in irregular strips; slash yellow-brown, granular, mottled; crown thick, rounded, spreading, often huge and umbrella-shaped in old trees; young twigs rather compressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Leaves ovate to broadly elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, (5-)7.5-28(-40) cm. long, (2-)4-8(-10) cm. wide, juvenile ones often notably large, shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, somewhat coriaceous, glossy and glabrous, usually marked with 2 longitudinal fold-marks; lateral nerves on either side up to 35; venation very closely reticulate, prominent; petioles 2-8 mm. long; stipules reddish, linear, 5-15(-20) cm. long, pointed, glabrous, deciduous, enclosing the buds, characteristically protruding above the canopy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Flowers small, in glabrous paniculate inflorescences (7-)12-15 cm. long; pedicels 1-3 mm. long; buds often reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Sepals white, broadly obovate or almost round, 1-2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Petals 5(-6), white, pink or rose, broadly elliptic or almost round, 2.5-4 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Disc yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Anthers magenta. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Ovary rose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Fruits (3-)4-5 cm. long, (3-)6-8 cm. wide, firm, obscurely (4-)5-ribbed or angled, 4-5-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000357833 morphology 9676946E-570C-4CA7-BFA0-11C64FD1B177 Pyrenes oblong, obtusely 3-angled, 3-5 cm. long, 2.5-3.2 cm. wide, 1 cm. thick with a woody wall 2.5-6 mm. thick covered with a fibrous mass. Seeds 2 cm. long, 7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813802-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Tree usually 18-36(-50) m. tall, with ample crown and with bole 0.7-1 m. diameter at the base, sometimes with buttresses 2-5 m. tall; bark grey, slightly scaly; slash yellow-brown, granular, mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Leaves elliptic to obovate- or ovate-elliptic, 3.5-16 cm. long, 1.8-7.5 cm. wide, shortly broadly acuminate at the apex, cuneate to narrowly rounded at the base, rather coriaceous, glabrous, dark and glossy above, paler beneath, the venation prominently reticulate; lateral nerves on either side±7-10; petiole 0.8-1.7 cm. long, channelled; stipules narrow, curved, 0.5-1.5 cm. long, covering the leaf-bud. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Flowers fragrant, small, clustered in few-several-flowered umbel-like clusters in raceme-like or paniculate axillary inflorescences up to 5 cm. long; pedicels slender, 5-10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Sepals rounded-ovate, 1.25 mm. long, at length reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Petals greenish or greenish yellow, elliptic, 3-5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Ovary±1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Stamens equal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Disk yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Fruits hanging, clustered, yellow, broadly oblong-ellipsoid, 5-8 cm. long, 3.5-7 cm. wide, 3-4 cm. thick, rather mango-like; skin smooth; endocarp hard, covered with dense long bristly fibres. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Seed chestnut brown, glossy, woody, elliptic in outline, 3-5 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, 1 cm. thick, compressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0000732297 morphology 3CD5838B-C2FA-4E9C-8B93-B13E71ADEC55 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813766-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Small slender tree 3-7 m. tall, the trunk about 8 cm. diameter, unbranched for about 1 m., with smooth grey or grey-brown bark, much resembling a Commiphora when leafless; leaf-scars pale, 3-10 mm. wide; young branches glabrous or sparsely hispidulous but soon becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Leaves to 45 cm., bipinnate or partly 3-pinnate, some of the pinnules consisting of 3 leaflets; pinnae in 4-5 pairs with 3-5 leaflets per pinna, oblong to elliptic 0.9-4.3 cm. long, 0.4-2.5 cm. wide, acute and with thickened apiculum, rounded to cuneate at the base, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; petiole 1.5-12 cm. long, together with secondary axes ± spreading pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Flowers pale or deep yellow or rose (fide Chiovenda) appearing when the plant is leafless in lax inflorescences 6.5-15 cm. long; peduncle 5-10 cm. long with few spreading hairs; stalks 0.7-2 cm. long; true pedicels 2-2.5 mm. long; bracts linear, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Buds 9-10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Receptacle 2-3 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 1-1.4 cm. long, 2.5-6.5 mm. wide, reflexed, acute, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Petals oblong-lanceolate, 1.2-2 cm. long, upper part widened, 3-10 mm. long, 2.5-4.5 mm. wide, ± rounded at apex; lower part narrowed into a claw, ± 8 × 2-2.5 mm., glabrous or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Staminal filaments up to 11 mm. long, glabrous but with hairy appendage at base; anthers 1-3 mm. long; staminodes 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Ovary 4.5 mm. long, glabrous; stipe 2 mm. long, style 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Pods long and slender, 24-37(-40) cm. long, 0.7-1.6 cm. wide, slightly torulose, with 2 narrow grooves on each valve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085055 morphology 4758C16B-EDED-4A81-BFCB-DDD4AE4440E7 Seeds pale greenish with core globose-trigonous, 0.9-1.1 cm. long, transversely undulate or rugose near keels; wings prominent, 5-7 mm. long, 3.5-5 mm. wide, with a deep sinus at both ends. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584744-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Tree to 15 m., with smooth grey bark; shoots dark brown, glabrous, 8-10 mm. wide with round leaf-scars ± 7 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Leaves not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Inflorescences subterminal, lax, some axes at least 15 cm. long, glabrous; total flower-stalks up to 3 cm. long but true pedicels ± 2 mm. beyond the joint. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long, 4.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Sepals pale pink, deeper at the base, narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1.7-1.9 cm. long, 4.5-5 mm. wide, acute, drying brownish, finely pubescent outside save for median part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Petals cream, some bent, others straight, linear-oblong, 2 cm. long, 4.5 mm. wide or with part 8 × 4 mm. at apex and basal part 6 × 3.5 mm., finely pubescent at apex outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Stamens white, decimate, 1.1-1.3 cm. long, with white anthers 3 mm. long; staminodes 7 mm. long; filaments of both stamens and staminodes densely hairy at the base, almost forming a hairy appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Ovary pink, oblong-ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long on a stipe 3.5 mm. long; style 9 mm. long; all parts glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Young pods greenish turning grey-brown; ripe pods 53-57 cm. long, 1.6-1.8 cm. wide, with 2 grooves on each valve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Seeds greenish; body ellipsoid-trigonous, 1.7 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, slightly rugose, with 3 prominent wings separated by distinct sinuses; overall length of seed 5.5 cm. long, 1.6 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085056 morphology C77ACB3A-5612-4140-ADFA-BDB1E7BFCD93 Fig. 2/3, 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906717-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Woody herb or subshrub (? rarely a small tree - see note) with mostly a single straggling? annual stem ± 1-1.5 m. tall, often flowering when quite leafless, arising from a large tuberous root; stem pale buff-brown with purplish tinge, with even youngest parts glabrous or with microscopic indumentum, slender, about 5.5 mm. wide, longitudinally wrinkled; leaf-scars 2-4 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Leaves bipinnate, ± clustered at apex, up to 35 cm. long, glabrous even when very young; stipules and stipels well developed, ± linear, thickened, ± 2 mm. long; pinnae in 4-6 pairs; leaflets 5 or more, very pale yellow-green, elliptic to obovate, (0.9-)2.7(-3) cm. long, 0.5-1.6(-2.0) cm. wide, petiolulate, scarcely apiculate at apex, obtuse or rounded to cuneate at the base, not very thin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Inflorescences 4-5, clustered at apex of stem and/or more scattered lower down on abbreviated branchlets, 5-6 cm. long; axes glabrous; peduncle 1.5-3.5 cm. long; true pedicels above joint 1-1.5 mm. long; apparent stalks 1-1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Flowers zygomorphic; mature buds 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Sepals green, flushed with red, narrowly oblong, 1-1.4 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, obtuse, puberulous at apex but otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Petals yellowish red, ± spathulate, straight or bent, 1.4 cm. long, 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Stamens 6.5- mostly 10-11 mm. long; anthers 1.5 mm. long; staminodes 5.5- mostly 9-11 mm.; both stamens and staminodes ± appendaged at the base and hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Petiole 0.5–1.5(–2) cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Leaf-lamina elliptic, elliptic-obovate to obovate, (3-)4–10(–15) cm. long, (l.5-)2–6(–7.5) cm. wide, apex obtuse to rounded or emarginate, base tapering, narrowly cuneate and decurrent with petiole, glabrous on older leaves; upper surface with slightly raised nervation, lower surface with lateral nerves slightly raised and inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Pedicels up to 7 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Sepals broadly ovate, up to 2.5 mm. long, puberu-lous or ± glabrescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Corolla greenish-white; tube up to 1.5 mm. long; lobes ± ovate, up to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Filaments 1.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Staminodes petaloid, ± ovate, but sometimes constricted near base, 1.5–3 mm. long, irregularly serrulate or rarely ± entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Ovary subglobose; style short, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Fruits green at first but finally ripening black, 6–15 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000310772 morphology 215EFFD7-F8BB-46CE-BFEE-DD1498D93FD9 Seeds solitary, depressed subglobose, 4–9 mm. in diameter, with 1–5 longitudinal ridges and with 1–4 small pits (impressions of aborted ovules) near the larger basal scar; embryo horizontal, with lateral radicle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789686-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Medium to tall tree with much-branched and spreading canopy; height up to 50 m.; bole deeply fluted and pillared near base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Young shoots with dense appressed hairs, later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Petioles short and stout, 4–8 mm. long; stipules subulate, up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Leaf-lamina oblanceolate to obovate-oblong, 10–35(–55) cm. long, 4–14(–16) cm. wide, apex rounded or shortly acuminate, tapering to an abruptly obtuse or subauriculate base; upper surface glabrous, lower surface with small greyish or silvery ± appressed or spreading hairs; lateral nerves 10–20 on each side, veins oblique. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Flowers fragrant, usually clustered on warty projections on older branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Pedicels 4–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Sepals connate at base, broadly ovate to suborbicular, up to 5 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, cinereous pubescent externally and pilose internally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Corolla greenish-white; tube up to 2 mm. long; lobes ± elliptic, up to 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Free part of filament up to 5.5 mm. long; anthers ovate, dehiscence extrorse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Ovary conical, ± 2 mm. long; style up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Fruit dull yellow, subglobose, up to 2.5 cm. in diameter; skin thin; flesh juicy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262133 morphology B5B4F96B-7917-41B8-81C0-D0E73249FFB1 Seed ellipsoid, slightly flattened, up to 1.8 cm. long; scar prominent, lateral and occupying over half of surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788242-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Shrub or small tree, height up to 8 m.; growth-increase by repeated subapical branching; young shoots and petioles densely pubescent with ± stiffly erect hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Leaves ± whorled at ends of long and short shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Petioles up to 8 mm. long; stipules setose, up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Leaf-lamina obovate to oblanceolate, 5–13 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide, apex obtuse to emarginate, narrowly cuneate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface pubescent on midrib and nerves of young leaves, later becoming practically glabrous; lateral nerves 7–12 on each side, venation reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Flowers sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Sepals closely clasping corolla-tube, ± free to base, broadly ovate, up to 3 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, rusty pilose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Corolla-tube urceolate, up to 4 mm. long; lobes spreading, ± ovate, up to 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Free part of filament up to 7 mm. long; anthers narrowly obcordate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Staminodes absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Ovary subglobose, up to 2 mm. long, densely pilose; style long and slender, up to 1.2 cm. long, tapering to simple stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000262141 morphology 19E08DDE-7C16-4B89-AAFE-F1FD4246DD1D Fruits unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788249-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Much branched shrub or small tree, sometimes with straggling habit; height up to 8(–15) m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Young branches and petioles with dense ferrugineous pubescence; old branches glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Petiole up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Stipules caducous, narrowly subulate, up to 1 cm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Leaf-lamina oblanceolate to obovate, up to 12(–19.5) cm. long and 4.5(–6.8) cm. wide, apex shortly acuminate or rounded to emarginate, narrowly to broadly cuneate; upper surface dark green, glabrous, lower surface pale green, sometimes hairy along midrib, otherwise subglabrous; lateral nerves 7–14 on each side; veins reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Pedicels 5–10 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Sepals free to base, broadly ovate, up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Corolla greenish-white; tube very short; lobes oblong-elliptic, up to 3.5 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, strongly reflexed in old flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Filaments up to 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Staminodes narrowly subulate to filiform, up to 3 mm. long, entire or denticulate with ± flattened base (see fig. 7/5). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Ovary subglobose, up to 2 mm. long; style up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Mature fruit a yellow or orange-yellow berry, up to 1.5 cm. long, ± glabrous or puberulous; withered flower parts persistent at base; pulp soft and edible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Seed up to 12 mm. long, 8 mm. wide; testa shiny pale greyish-brown with paler ± elliptic lateral scar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000332820 morphology 23262EE7-77E3-47FC-A8B0-A9E6837537FB Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790014-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Medium to tall tree with spreading crown; height up to 40 m.; bole fluted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Petioles up to 1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Leaf-lamina dark green with yellowish-green midrib and nerves, oblanceolate to obovate, rarely narrowly elliptic, 6–17 (rarely –34) cm. long, 5–6(–14) cm. wide, coriaceous, obtuse, cuneate; midrib and nerves conspicuously raised on lower surface; lateral nerves 9–14 (rarely –20) on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Pedicels up to 7 mm. long; pedicels and calyx both reddish-brown, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Sepals connate for about half their length; lobes rounded to subacute, up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Corolla greenish or yellowish-cream; tube up to 3 mm. long; lobes ovate, up to 3 mm. long, reflexed in older flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Filaments up to 1.5 mm. long; anthers up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Staminodes ± triangular, denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Ovary subconical, to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Fruit-stalk thick and woody, up to 1 cm. long; calyx persistent and becoming thick and woody to form a cupule-like structure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Fruit a red ovoid to globose berry, up to 2.5 cm. long, 2 cm. in diameter; style persisting at apex; skin thick and tough; pulp soft and milky, edible with tart refreshing flavour. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Seed up to 2 cm. long, 1.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000885872 morphology EFA34E58-0631-4D92-80A3-92D8EB8A6F7F Fig. 8, p. 43. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785742-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Shrub with ± terminal leaves and slender branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Apical buds and very young shoots with appressed ferrugineous hairs, older branches glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Petioles up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Leaf-lamina oblanceolate, up to 13 cm. long, 4 cm. wide, apex shortly and obtusely acuminate to obtuse, tapering to a long, very narrowly cuneate and decurrent base; primary nerves impressed, 9–13 on each side, secondary nerves present, venation reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long; pedicel and calyx both puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Calyx-lobes very small, broadly ovate, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Corolla-tube up to 1 mm. long; lobes ovate, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Filaments very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Staminodes very small, ± oblong, dentate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Ovary ovoid, ± 1 mm. long, pilose, tapering to a short style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000886191 morphology 0CB9C37B-F1F6-4425-A8AA-1EA297217B03 Fruit not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785746-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Medium-sized tree with copious latex, height up to 25 m.; bark grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Young shoots with greyish or brown pubescence, otherwise shoots, petioles and leaves glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Petioles relatively long, up to 4 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Leaf-lamina obovate, elliptic-obovate to elliptic, usually 7–15(–18) cm. long, 3.5–8.5 cm. wide, stiffly coriaceous, apex obtuse to emarginate, cuneate, margin recurved, undulate and frequently irregular in shape; under-surface with primary lateral nerves 3–12 on each side of prominently raised midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Pedicels and calyx with greyish or brownish pubescence; pedicels up to 1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Sepals broadly ovate-triangular, up to 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Corolla-tube campanulate, up to 3 mm. long; lobes trifid; median segment ± ovate, up to 5 mm. long; lateral dorsal segments smaller and narrower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Stamens inserted at throat; filaments flattened, up to 3 mm. long; staminodes petaloid, broadly ovate, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Ovary up to 2 mm. long; style up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Fruits red when mature, up to 3 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Seeds up to 2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000217477 morphology 475CE8DB-CEEA-4DB0-AE62-4FD362067622 Fig. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787005-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Tree with stout bole and much-branched spreading crown, height up to 20 m.; bark usually grey or blackish, deeply fissured and splitting into squarish or rectangular corky scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Short-shoots with conspicuous cycad-like annular leaf-base scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Young shoots, petioles and flower-buds with ferrugineous pubescence of varying density. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Petioles long, one-third to half length of leaf-lamina. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Leaf-lamina oblong to ovate-oblong, 10–25 cm. long, 4.5–14 cm. wide, rounded at apex, base acute to broadly cuneate, margin thickened and undulate; upper and lower surfaces of mature leaf glabrescent or puberulous; lateral nerves 20–30 each side, regularly and closely spaced, slightly arcuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Flowers fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Pedicels up to 3 cm. long, puberulous to densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Outer sepals lanceolate, 9–14 mm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide, pubescent to ± floccose externally; inner sepals slightly smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Corolla cream; tube 2.5–4 mm. long, glabrous or pilose externally; lobes broadly ovate, 7–11 mm. long, 4.5–7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Filaments 7–12 mm. long; anthers ± lanceolate, up to 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Staminodes up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Style 8–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Mature fruit greenish, up to 6.5 cm. long and 4.5 cm. in diameter, subglabrous or with pubescence persisting in small patches, containing a sweet pulp surrounding the seed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Seed up to 5 cm. long, 3.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000695860 morphology 3214D42A-C5D3-498C-92E2-0A85966D91B4 Fig. 10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786181-1 wfo-0000244577 morphology DDF658F8-4CBC-4A62-BD89-666060C5F86D A SE. Asian species, which is a good shade-tree with sweetly scented small white flowers, has been cultivated at Amani and various coastal and near-coastal places in East Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787918-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Small to medium-sized tree with spreading crown, height up to 20 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Young branches and petioles with brownish puberulence, later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Petioles 1–2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Leaf-lamina subcoriaceous to coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, (6-)7.5–13 cm. long, (3-)4–7.7 cm. wide, obtuse to shortly acuminate, broadly cuneate, glabrous; nerves and veins finely raised on both upper and lower surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Flowers 1–3 in current leaf axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Pedicels 2–4 cm. long; both pedicels and outer sepals with dense closely appressed indumentum of short brownish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Outer sepals ± lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Corolla cream; lobes trifid, narrowly lanceolate, up to 1.7 cm. long; tube up to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Filaments up to 3.5 mm. long; anthers up to 4.5 mm. long; staminodes ± oblong to elliptic, up to 6 mm. long, apex attenuate or ± obtuse, densely pilose externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Ovary subglobose, up to 3 mm. in diameter, pilose; style up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Fruit a pale yellow to reddish-yellow subglobose berry, up to 3.5 cm. in diameter; pericarp firm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244705 morphology 7D98FE4D-9441-4FB4-AF02-1B88C9232B01 Seeds 1–5, elliptic-oblong and laterally compressed, up to 1.9 cm. long; testa pale brown and glossy; scar ± basal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788045-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Small to medium-sized tree, or shrub, height up to 25 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Young branches and petioles with ferrugineous or brownish pubescence, becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Petioles 5–15 (rarely –30) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Leaf-lamina coriaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 4.5–12 cm. long, 2.5–5 cm. wide, apex shortly acuminate, sometimes obtuse or emarginate, narrowly to broadly cuneate; upper surface dark glossy green, lower surface paler with slightly raised reticulate venation, practically glabrous or with scattered hairs along midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Flowers fragrant, usually 2–4 per axil; pedicels slender, curved, (l.4-)2–5 cm. long, densely ferrugineous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Outer sepals ± lanceolate, 9.5–12 mm. long, densely ferrugineous pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Rhizome short, thick, vertical, moniliform, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy, fusiform, extensive, without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Leaves rosulate, sheathing at the base, oblong-lanceolate, petiolate, glabrous, 25–80 cm. long, 3–8 cm. wide; margins not undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Peduncle terete, glabrous, 5–7 mm. in diameter, with deciduous leaves all along. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Inflorescence a laxpanicle, much exserted above the leaves, up to 80 cm. long; flowers sometimes congested in the apical parts of the branches; floral bracts lanceolate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Pedicels articulated above the middle, up to 30 mm. long in fruit, 4–9-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Flowers ± pendulous, often congested; perianth greenish to whitish, urceolate; tepals (9–)12–20 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, with ligulate rims above the constriction to the cup, 3-veined, scabrid on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments fusiform, with transverse papillate ridges, longer than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Ovary stipitate; style nearly as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Capsule obovoid, nearly rounded in cross-section, 10–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Seeds disc-shaped, 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763215 morphology E69A6E09-04FD-4BBA-A067-AEE0727BC859 Fig. 2/1–2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532741-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Plants up to 120 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Rhizome vertical, short, thick, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots thick (diameter up to 1 cm.) and spongy, whitish, extensive, without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Leaves often hysteranthous, rosulate, linear to narrowly lanceolate, not petiolate, glabrous, 20–45 cm. long, (0.6–)1–2.5 cm. wide; margins undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Peduncle terete, glabrous, 2–6 mm. in diameter, up to 70 cm. long, with deciduous leaves all along. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Inflorescence a lax panicle, much exserted above the leaves; floral bracts lanceolate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Pedicels articulated below to near the middle, sometimes near the base, 7–15 mm. long, 3–6(–10)-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Perianth whitish, tinged or streaked white on the outside, urceolate; tepals reflexed distally, not ligulate, 6–10 mm. long, ± 2–3 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Filaments scabrid to papillose, fusiform, widest in upper half, ± 5 mm. long; anthers versatile, 1.5–2 mm. long, twisted after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Ovary narrowing towards the base but not stipitate as in the previous species; style straight, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Capsule triquetrous, 5–11 mm. long, emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Seeds disc-shaped, 2–3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763676 morphology 98E1E2EC-69D7-4E73-B285-DA7010E17EE7 Fig. 2/3–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533128-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Plants 18–140(–200) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Rhizome vertical, short, covered with a dense mass of roots; roots, spongy, extensive, without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Leaves glabrous, closely veined, with prominent midrib and margins, linear to linear-lanceolate, clasping below, 9–70 cm. long, 0.4–1(–2.5) cm. wide; margins glabrous, scabrid or ciliate, not undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Peduncle terete, with bract-like leaves all along, glabrous, up to 80 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Inflorescence a loose panicle, sometimes only with a few branches; rhachis terete, glabrous; floral bracts ovate, scabrid or shortly ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Pedicels articulated below to near the middle, up to 12 mm. long in fruit, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Perianth white or sometimes yellowish white; tepals 7–11 mm. long, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Stamens slightly exserted; filaments filiform, 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Ovary sessile; style filiform, equal to longer than the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Capsule obovoid, triquetrous, ± 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Seeds disc-shaped, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763509 morphology 0598B357-5D56-4B6F-9EBC-4CEDF2223108 Fig. 2/6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970967-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Plants 25–70 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Rhizome vertical, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy, thick, without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Rosette-leaves reduced to a few glabrous cataphylls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Peduncle terete, glabrous, with large lanceolate clasping glabrous leaves, up to 15 cm. long and ± 1 cm. wide all along. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Inflorescence paniculate, lax; rhachis terete, glabrous; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Pedicels articulated above the middle, 5–15 mm. long in fruit, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Perianth greenish, ± 6.5 mm. long; tepals reflexed when dry, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Stamens 5–6 mm. long; filaments terete, much longer than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Ovary sessile; style ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Capsule shallowly lobed, rounded in cross-section. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Seeds ± irregularly folded, 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0000763585 morphology A9314C01-6E7C-4323-8CE7-70BD6C4025B0 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533051-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Plants robust, 85–250 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Rhizome moniliform, with corm-like elements covered by concentric leaf-scars; roots many, thin to slightly spongy, bearing long tubers at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Leaves distichous or nearly so, firm, glabrous, sheathing at the base, broadly linear, up to 80 cm. long, 2–3.5 cm. wide; cataphylls papery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Peduncle terete, with bract-like leaves for its entire length, glabrous, up to 200 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Inflorescence unbranched, or with a few branches at the base, up to 70 cm. long; rhachis shallowly angled, glabrous; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Pedicels articulated near or below the middle, up to 7 mm. long in fruit, 2–5-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Perianth white with green keel, sometimes slightly pinkish, tepals 12–20 mm. long, 3–7 mm. wide, 3(–5)-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Stamens often arranged in groups, 3 + 3 or 2 + 4, somewhat shorter than the tepals; filaments filiform, 5–7 mm. long, shorter than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Style declinate, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Capsule obovoid, nearly rounded in cross-section, shallowly transversely ridged, ± 10–12 mm. long, acute and not emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0001237261 morphology 74FCEA5B-2295-4863-A228-EA106D599983 Seeds irregularly folded, 1.5–2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970982-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Plants loosely tufted, 10–50 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Rhizome thick, moniliform, often with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy and thick, sometimes reduced to sessile elongated tuber-like structures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Leaves hysteranthous, rosulate, linear, sheathing at the base, glabrous, much shorter than the peduncle, up to 25 cm. long and 5 mm. wide; margins minutely papillate, scabrid or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Peduncle terete, with small bract-like leaves along its entire length, breaking up on drying. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Inflorescence usually an unbranched lax raceme, sometimes with 1–3 branches at the base; floral bracts small, scarious, lanceolate to ovate, aristate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Pedicels articulated below the middle, 10–14 mm. long in fruit, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Perianth white with dull pinkish to brownish stripes on the outside; tepals 3(–5)-veined, 7–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments, 4–5 mm. long, glabrous, filiform; anthers up to ± the same length, often curved on drying. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Style as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Capsule subglobose, trigonous, ± 5 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, shallowly transversely ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763508 morphology BF78F7E7-799F-4189-BBDE-0019B026316E Seeds irregularly folded, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970966-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Very robust plants 60–200 cm., from a thick moniliform rhizome, carrying the fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy, extensive, without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Leaves several, basal, distichous (might appear more rosulate in older stages), linear to narrowly lanceolate, 45–100 cm. long, 1.5–3 cm. wide, acute, sheathing below, margin often shortly ciliate, with a ± distinct midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Peduncle terete, glabrous, up to 1 m. long and with a diameter of ± 1 cm. at the base, with clasping bract-like leaves, 4–15 cm. long, along its entire length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Inflorescence usually a simple raceme, up to 65 cm. long, sometimes with a few basal branches (when grown in a green house, the branching may become more extensive); rhachis glabrous; floral bracts, ovate, cuspidate, 10–30 mm. long, sometimes ciliate along margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Pedicels articulated near or below the middle, green below and whitish above the articulation, glabrous, 4–9 mm. long, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Tepals spreading, subequal, 3-veined, white with greenish stripe on the outside, 12–17 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, the outer slightly narrower than the inner. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Stamens subequal, as long as the perianth; filaments fusiform, glabrous, 8–10 mm. long; anthers 5–8 mm., slightly curved apically atanthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Style declinate, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Capsule deeply 3-lobed in cross-section, smooth, 9–14 mm. long, 7–9 mm. wide, with the perianth persistent at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763320 morphology 5559E44A-90D0-4970-A446-1664803ADC29 Seeds thin, flat, black, 2.5–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532834-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Plants often clumped, 10–25 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Rhizome short, moniliform, densely covered with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy, fusiform, occasionally reduced to sessile or subsessile tuberous structures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Cataphylls ± membranous, often whitish with green veins and crisped membranous margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Leaves rosulate, linear-lanceolate, ± canaliculate, glabrous, 5–40 cm. long, (2–)5–15 mm. wide; margins often undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Peduncle without leaves, slender, terete, glabrous to slightly pubescent, particularly in upper part, up to 20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Inflorescence a dense, subspicate raceme, very rarely forked at the base, 3–12 cm. long; floral bracts linear to lanceolate, usually greenish, rarely reddish, up to 10 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Pedicels articulated at the apex, short, 1–3(–7) mm. long, solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Perianth white, ± bell-shaped, slightly constricted above the ovary; tepals connate, cucullate, 5–7 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, 1-veined, papillose inside at the constriction. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Stamens exserted; filaments filiform, 3–4 mm. long; anthers small, 1 mm. long, versatile, twisted after anthesis, much shorter than the filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Style exserted, ± straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Capsule triquetrous, deeply lobed, 2–4 mm. long, 3–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763605 morphology 44064A4E-BFE7-42A0-8708-96766C5E86DC Seeds disc-shaped, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533068-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Plants often clumped, 25–50 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Rhizome horizontal, moniliform, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots extensive, spongy, without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Leaves rosulate, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, firmly membranous, glabrous, 20–50 cm. long, 1.5–3(–5) cm. wide; cataphylls and leaves with red-cilate margins and sometimes also veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Peduncle terete, shorter than the leaves, glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Inflorescence a moderately dense, subspicate raceme, unbranched or with a single basal branch, 7–20 cm. long; rhachis subterete, angled, scabrid to shortly pubescent; floral bracts lanceolate, softly awned, red-ciliate on the margins, lower ones up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Pedicels articulated at the apex, up to 3 mm. long in fruit, solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Perianth white, ± bell-shaped and slightly constricted above the ovary; tepals connate, 5–7 mm. long, narrow, 1-veined, cucullate, papillate on the inside just above the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Stamens exserted; filaments fusiform, dilated in upper part, 4–6.5 mm. long; anthers versatile, 1.5–3 mm. long, twisted after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Style exserted, declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Capsule triquetrous, deeply lobed, emarginate, 2–4 mm. long, 3–5.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763206 morphology 901D7F3D-CD05-4489-8EFC-CFB27068D47B Seeds saucer-shaped, 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532734-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Plants small, up to 15 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Rhizome horizontal, moniliform, covered by a mass of dense roots, bearing some fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots thick, short, spongy, occasionally reduced to subsessile tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Leaves ± prostrate, lanceolate, obtuse to acute, densely pubescent on nerves beneath, glabrous above, up to 10 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, margins occasionally wavy, ciliate; cataphylls prominent, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Peduncle short, terete, purplish pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Inflorescence dense, unbranched, up to 3.5 cm. long; floral bracts lanceolate, purple-ciliate, 5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Pedicels articulated at the apex, up to 1.5 mm. long in fruit, solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Perianth campanulate; tepals connate, white, papillose at the constriction, up to 5 mm. long, 1-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments filiform, up to 5 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Style straight, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Capsule small, triquetrous, ± 1.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763461 morphology FA74FA10-EB1B-4D45-913B-27ED90717A19 Seeds few, flat to saucer-shaped, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532954-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Plants 5–8(–12) cm. high, growing in clumps. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Rhizome horizontal, long and narrow, stoloniferous, with subterranean runners producing new plants; roots reduced to sessile elongated tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Leaves rosulate, ± prostrate, linear to oblanceolate, membranous, pubescent on the adaxial surface, glabrous on the abaxial surface, 3–10 cm. long, 0.5–1.5(–2) cm. wide; margins ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Peduncle terete, closely ribbed, pubescent, 1.3–2.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Inflorescence dense, unbranched; floral bracts lanceolate, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Pedicels articulated at the apex, up to 3 mm. long, solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Perianth slightly campanulate; tepals connate, white, 1-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Stamens exserted; filaments filiform, longer than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Ovary sessile to subsessile; style as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Capsule subglobose, 2.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763436 morphology 0667851A-C55F-458A-91EC-13CD07139208 Seeds saucer-shaped, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532934-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Plants 10–30(–40) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Rhizome short, vertically moniliform, densely covered with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy and fusiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Cataphylls and leaves sheathing; leaves rosulate, linear-lanceolate, rarely broadly lanceolate, glabrous, up to 15(–30) cm. long, 5–10(–25) mm. wide; margins often undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Peduncle without leaves, slender, terete, 5–20(–30) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Inflorescence a simple raceme, elongated to ± capitate; rhachis pubescent; floral bracts lanceolate, 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Pedicels articulated at the apex, pubescent, 4–6 mm. long, solitary at the nodes, in robust specimens sometimes 2-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Leaves deciduous, petiolate, entire or toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Inflorescences cymose, axillary or crowded at apices of shoots and appearing terminal; bracts mostly small, deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Calyx often brightly coloured; tube very short, urceolate; limb broadly expanded, very accrescent to form an entire or 5-lobed usually venose rotate plate-like structure in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Corolla-tube gibbous, very asymmetric, contracted beneath the limb, split dorsally almost to the base; limb 5-lobed and ± 1-lipped, very irregularly formed of 2 separated posterior lobes, 2 lateral lobes and a larger median anterior labelliform cucullate lobe urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Stamens inserted near throat, the filaments enrolled into a ring in bud, distinctly exserted at anthesis and curved; filaments not prolonged beneath the point of insertion urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Style enrolled in a ring with the filaments in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Fruit dry and hard, turbinate or turbinate-obpyramidal, rounded above or ± flat and with 4 small horns in a cross, at length dividing into ?2–4 pyrenes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Fig. 11 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 distribution 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Nine species, all but one formerly placed in Holmskioldia, occurring in Vietnam, E., SE. and S. Africa and particularly Madagascar urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000019856 morphology 359C8B5C-02A7-40E0-A134-1977E69BCE6E Apart from one species occasionally cultivated in East Africa a recently described but imperfectly known endemic species may belong to this genus. R. Fernandes has given good reasons for recognising Karomia; she places the Madagascan and Vietnam species in sect. Karomia and the African species in sect. Cyclonemoides R. Fernandes. K. gigas had not then been described although she was aware of its existence and thought it unlikely to be a Holmskioldia. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41317-1 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Trees, shrubs or lianes or occasionally perennial herbs or pyrophytes with large woody rootstocks, sometimes with persistent spinescent petiole-bases often acting as scrambling aids urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Leaves simple, opposite or in whorls of 3–4, entire or toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Flowers in lax cymes, extensive panicles or dense corymbs or heads, axillary or terminal, often appearing axillary but actually terminating abbreviated shoots, rarely solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Calyx often coloured and showy, campanulate to tubular, truncate to 5-toothed, often accrescent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Corolla white, blue, violet (etc.) or red, almost regular or quite irregular; tube narrowly cylindrical, straight or curved, often widened towards throat, sometimes very long or only as long as calyx; limb spreading or reflexed, the anterior lobes larger than the posterior pairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Stamens 4–5, didynamous, inserted in the corolla-tube, alternate with the lobes, usually long-exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Ovary imperfectly 4-locular, each locule with one lateral ovule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Style terminal, elongate; stigma shortly 2-fid, exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000008593 morphology DED53AF7-DC75-41D8-BD1A-E76DF2F6F789 Drupes obovoid or globose, often 4-grooved and ± (2–)4-lobed; mesocarp ± fleshy; endocarps bony or crustaceous, smooth or rugose, separating into 4 pyrenes or 2 pairs of pyrenes; seeds with no albumen. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002447-2 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Shrubs or small trees of the mangrove zone; pneumatophores present; nodes swollen urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Leaves simple, lanceolate to elliptic, decussate, coriaceous, entire; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Flowers sessile, yellow to orange in terminal and axillary often capitate cymes, regular, subtended by an involucre of 1 scale-like bract and 2 scale-like bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Calyx deeply 5-lobed; lobes ovate, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Corolla-tube shortly campanulate; lobes 4, ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Stamens inserted at the throat, equal or slightly didynamous, alternating with the lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Ovary with free central placentation; ovules 4, pendulous; style shortly divided urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000003773 morphology DE74530D-95E0-4533-BCFA-1732C8532475 Capsule broadly ellipsoid, compressed, opening by 2(–4) thick valves; usually only 1 erect seed; embryo with large longitudinally folded cotyledons and villous radicle, viviparous; endosperm fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41194-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Submerse aquatic herbs; rhizome robust, woody, creeping, sympodial, with 1– 2 erect unbranched or little-branched stems at every 4th internode; roots (1– )2(– 5), ± branched, only on the internode preceding the stem-bearing internode urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Stem and branches bearing a terminal cluster of leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Leaves with sheath compressed, ligulate and auriculate, amplexicaul, shed together with leaf, scar closed; bladelinear, margin spinulose, apex denticulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Flowers solitary and terminal on short lateral shoots, subsessile, enclosed by 4 leafy bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Staminate flower of 2 anthers, dorsally connate over their length, attached at same height, each with terminal appendage; pollen filamentous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Pistillate flower of 2 free ovaries, each with short style and long coiled stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000038046 morphology 41589DDE-AD21-46F2-AC03-64B60B695DC9 Fruit a combination of the fleshy inner bract and two fertilized ovaries, one usually abortive, often germinating while still attached to the plant; seedling free-floating. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:41659-1 wfo-4000037357 morphology CBD95BF2-0ECC-4542-B47F-11A8E309F8D4 Submerse aquatic herbs; rhizome creeping, monopodial, with many vascular bundles; each node with 1 or more unbranched or slightly branched roots and ashort erect stem bearing 2– 3 leaves; scales scarious, ovate, acute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30316493-2 wfo-4000037357 morphology CBD95BF2-0ECC-4542-B47F-11A8E309F8D4 Leaf with broad sheath persisting longer than blade, bi-auriculate, ligulate, scars open; blade subulate with single central and several pericentral vascular bundles and 6– 8 air channels urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30316493-2 wfo-4000037357 morphology CBD95BF2-0ECC-4542-B47F-11A8E309F8D4 Inflorescence cymose; flower enclosed by reduced leaf with inflated sheath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30316493-2 wfo-4000037357 morphology CBD95BF2-0ECC-4542-B47F-11A8E309F8D4 Staminate flower stalked, of 2 anthers, dorsally connate at lower end, attached at same height urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30316493-2 wfo-4000037357 morphology CBD95BF2-0ECC-4542-B47F-11A8E309F8D4 Pistillate flower sessile, of 2 free ovaries, each with short style and stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30316493-2 wfo-4000037357 morphology CBD95BF2-0ECC-4542-B47F-11A8E309F8D4 Fruit quadrangular in cross-section, with inconspicuous dorsal ridge; pericarp stony. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30316493-2 wfo-4000016767 morphology CBC5EF59-DEA5-465A-9269-E389E089EC52 Submerse aquatic herbs; rhizome creeping, monopodial, with 2 vascular bundles; at each node 1-several roots and a short erect stem bearing 1– 4 leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27827-1 wfo-4000016767 morphology CBC5EF59-DEA5-465A-9269-E389E089EC52 Leaves with sheath 1– 6 cm long, semi-persistent, when shed leaving circular scar; blade linear, entire, narrowed at base, with 3 veins and conspicuous midrib which is widened or furcate at apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27827-1 wfo-4000016767 morphology CBC5EF59-DEA5-465A-9269-E389E089EC52 Flowers solitary and terminal, enclosed in a leaf similar to others; bud in axil of penultimate leaf develops into prolongation of main axis giving rise to a sympodium; staminate flower subsessile, of 2 anthers attached at different levels, joined basally; carpellate flowers subsessile, of 2 free ovaries, each with a long style urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27827-1 wfo-4000016767 morphology CBC5EF59-DEA5-465A-9269-E389E089EC52 Fruit subglobose-ovoid, shortly beaked, ± compressed, with stony pericarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27827-1 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Submerse aquatic herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Rhizome creeping, monopodial, with many vascular bundles; each node with 1– 5 branched roots and a short erect stem bearing 2– 7 leaves; scales ovate, scarious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Leaves with the sheath compressed, bi-auriculate, ligulate, persisting longer than the blade, leaving a scar when shed and giving the stem an annular appearance; blade linear, margins entire but for the distal part which becomes serrulate or spinulose, apex ± toothed; nerves 7– 17, with perpendicular cross-veins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Flowers solitary and terminal, enclosed in a leaf similar to others, a bud in the axil of the penultimate leaf lengthening to give rise to a sympodium urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Staminate flowers stalked, of 2 dorsally connate anthers, attached at the same height, each crowned by subulate tip urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Pistillate flowers sessile or shortly stalked, of 2 free ovaries each with a short style, distally bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000010385 morphology FCEFA865-40D9-4814-8BBC-A4A2653252E7 Fruit with stony pericarp, laterally compressed, semi-circular to elliptic in outline, with dorsal ridges and a beak. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331180-2 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Evergreen shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Leaves alternate to subopposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Inflorescences in axillary or terminal racemes or panicles; bracts solitary, small (to large and foliaceous), caducous; pedicels with 2(– several) caducous bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Flowers 5-merous; calyx of imbricate lobes, articulate with pedicel, persistent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Corolla cylindrical to urceolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Stamens 10 in 2 whorls, inserted at base of corolla; filaments flattened, somewhat expanded near base, geniculate; anthers dehiscing by introrse-terminal elliptic pores urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Ovary 5-locular, with nectariferous disc; stigma truncate to capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000000898 morphology F32B912A-58E4-42FA-8EB2-4830D723DE41 Fruit a capsule, erect, not separating from valves at dehiscence; seeds very small, dust-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14609-1 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Small trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Flowers in axillary or terminal racemes, often with bracts, or solitary and axillary, 4– 5-merous (5-merous in our species), epigynous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Calyx lobes small, persistent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Corolla gamopetalous, rotate to urceolate-globose, lobes minute to almost free urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Stamens 8– 10, anthers at apex with tubular horn opening by terminal pore urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Ovary inferior, 4– 5-locular; ovules few; style single urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000039926 morphology 5333E2AD-D248-4677-A029-B2ED0160FAF9 Fruit a succulent berry. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000401-2 wfo-4000031022 morphology B001317E-6CAA-4191-9B5F-8BE1E95900B0 Rhizome present or absent, if present well differentiated from the stem, filiform, slender or robust, terete or ± compressed; stems terete or compressed, ± densely branched; turions present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2 wfo-4000031022 morphology B001317E-6CAA-4191-9B5F-8BE1E95900B0 Leaves alternate, but mostly subopposite toward the inflorescence apex (involucral leaves), sessile or petiolate, 1- to many-nerved, all submerged and with filiform, grass-like or ± expanded blade, or dimorphic, the submerged ones thin and ± translucent, sometimes reduced to phyllodes, the floating ones ± coriaceous, opaque, petiolate,and usually broader; stipulesalways present,although sometimes fugacious, forming a sheath, connate or convolute around the stem; blade or petiole sometimes attached near the top of the sheath which projects beyond the joint as a ventralligule, sometimes attached farther down the sheath or arising from the node urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2 wfo-4000031022 morphology B001317E-6CAA-4191-9B5F-8BE1E95900B0 Spikes cylindrical or subglobose, 3- to many-flowered, dense or lax, sometimes interrupted, mostly borne above the water and wind-pollinated, but sometimes submerged and water-pollinated urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2 wfo-4000031022 morphology B001317E-6CAA-4191-9B5F-8BE1E95900B0 Tepals rounded at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2 wfo-4000031022 morphology B001317E-6CAA-4191-9B5F-8BE1E95900B0 Fruitlets with soft mesocarp and multi-layered sclerified endocarp, with or without a distinct beak urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2 wfo-4000031022 morphology B001317E-6CAA-4191-9B5F-8BE1E95900B0 Embryo unciform or spiral; cotyledon curved in the seed. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2 wfo-4000013878 morphology D8EC56F3-5FF2-424B-920F-1EB7A2DC50FD Characters of the family. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24239-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Bulb often extended into a neck urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Leaves 1 or many, base free or clasping the scape; blade smooth, rarely pubescent, filiform to lanceolate, margin smooth, rarely undulate, ciliate or with minute teeth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Scapes 1-3, smooth, rarely pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Inflorescence a raceme; pedicels smooth, rarely pubescent, erect in bud and fruit, recurved in flower; bracts linear, lanceolate to ovate, ± acuminate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Flowers yellow-green, green, green-brown or brown urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Perianth-segments fused 1/4- 1/2 of their length, forming a tube; outer segments spreading outwards from near the middle, apex cucullate with glands, sometimes extended into a short to long caudate appendage; inner segments without caudate appendages, erect with only the upper part recurved, usually connivent, forming a tube inside the outer segments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Filaments flattened, inserted at the top of the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Ovary sessile or with a short carpophore; many ovules per locule; style as long as the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Capsule sessile or shortly stalked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000011879 morphology D5F23012-C40D-4AA3-9ACE-0E50A9459C63 Seeds black, flattened, subcircular. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24195-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Plants glabrous, flowering with the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Leaves cordate, ovate or lanceolate, with or without a pseudopetiole, often spotted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Scapes 1-2 per plant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Inflorescence a spike or a raceme; bracts lacking urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Flowers ± globular or shortly cylindrical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Perianth-segments united up to 2 mm., white, yellowish green or green, often persistent in fruit; apex of inner segments cucullate and often yellow urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Filaments free or united at the base, or inserted at the top of the perianth-tube, flattened and triangular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Ovary sessile, with 1-2 basal ovules per locule; style slender and as long as the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Capsule subglobose, with 1-2 seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000012579 morphology 1A940675-C5AE-4404-850B-0F46CA09F1C9 Seeds globose to ovoid with a folded, black and shiny surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24213-1 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Bulb often fibrous at the top urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Plants ± robust and flowering with the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Leaves linear to lanceolate, glabrous, usually uniformly green urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Scape erect, usually single, glabrous or pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Inflorescence a raceme; pedicels smooth or pubescent, spreading in flower, erect in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Flowers white to blue urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Perianth-segments free or united at the base, often with a coloured midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Filaments flattened and often united with each other at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Ovary sessile or with a short carpophore with 2 or more ovules per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000034681 morphology 1080943C-DF36-4963-B1D3-18C53913E756 Seeds black and flattened to turgid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30057352-2 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Plants small to tall, flowering with the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Leaves cordate to linear, sometimes petiolate, often spotted or sometimes with purple papillae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Scape glabrous, ± curved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Inflorescence a lax to dense raceme; pedicels erect to ascending; bracts up to 3 mm., sometimes emarginate to 2-partite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Perianth-segments free or united at the base, reflexed, greenish to purple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Filaments united with the perianth-segments for 0.5-2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Ovary stipitate and conical or obconical, 3-locular, with 2 ovules per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Capsule ovoid to subglobose, sometimes a schizocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000020859 morphology 6EE3BE45-2597-4B61-8A74-4AC679F74567 Seeds black, subglobose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24421-1 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Plants slender to robust, usually flowering before the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Bulbs often somewhat pinkish or reddish; bulb scales firmly or loosely packed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Leaves filiform, linear or lanceolate; margin ciliate in some SPECIES urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Scape glabrous, usually erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Inflorescence a lax to extremely dense raceme; pedicels erect or ascending; lower bract, at least, bearing a pit or a spur, sometimes 2, one in the middle of the bract and one close to the scape urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Perianth-segments free or united urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Ovary glabrous, 2 mm. long, with stipe 2-3 mm. and style 5-6 mm. long, gently curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Fruits purplish brown with waxy bloom, 11.5-20.5(-25) cm. long, 1-1.4(-2) cm. wide, each valve with 2 grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Seeds 2.5-3.8 cm. long overall, with fertile part 12-15 × 8 mm. the central area of 6-9 × 4-5 mm., with longitudinal raised ridges and ± lateral ridges or smooth or very finely foveolate, reticulate, with 3 conspicuous wings, mostly ± joined at one end of seed but with deep sinus at other end. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085057 morphology 09028E94-5D7F-452C-8032-3C11D25D2756 Fig. 2/1, 2, 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584722-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Tree 6-10 m. tall, ± 60 cm. diameter at breast height, with strongly branched crown, sometimes with several trunks, ± thick at base; bark white to pale grey, black or silvery, smooth; wood soft; branches with leaf-scars 6-10 mm. diameter; young stems and leaves densely velvety pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Leaves up to 55 cm. long, 2- ± 3-pinnate with ± 5 pairs of pinnae and 3-9 leaflets per pinna; leaflets elliptic to ovate, 3.3-6.5 cm. long, 1.8-3.3 cm. wide, acute, with thickened apiculum at apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, pubescent or ± glabrous; petiole 10-15 mm.; stipel-like glands clavate ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Flowers strongly scented in pubescent dense many-flowered panicles ± 60 cm. long, regular, hypogynous; peduncles 4-10 cm. long; stalks ± 2 mm. long; true pedicels almost obsolete or 0.5 mm. long; receptacle small 1 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Sepals cream flushed pink, subequal, oblong-elliptic, 4-7 mm. long, 2-3.5 mm. wide, ± obtuse, glabrous save for ciliolate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Petals white, pale yellow or yellow-green, linear-oblong to oblong, slightly spathulate, 8-10 mm. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. wide, with long multicellular hairs inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Filaments white, 4-6.5 mm. long, ± glabrous, the staminodes less than half as long; anthers yellow, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Ovary ovoid, 2.2 mm. long, densely hairy; stipe 1 mm. long; style narrowly cylindrical, 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Pods elongate, reddish with greyish bloom, at first ± twisted, later straight, sometimes ± torulose, 19.7-50 cm. long, (1.8-)2.3-4 cm. wide, the valves grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Seeds cream and brown, spongy, smooth, elliptic-trigonous, the body 2.5-3.5 cm. long, 1.4-2 cm. wide, the wings 6-9 cm. long, 2.5-3.2 cm. wide overall with wide sinuses. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085058 morphology C2D3DBDD-6078-48A9-86B4-17AFAAEF1E2F Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584747-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Shrub or subshrub, often with a single slender brittle stem or several virgate stems 0.9-3 m. tall, but some flowering shoots may be as little as 10 cm. long, grey pilose when young but soon glabrous; bark purple-brown or dark grey, finely longitudinally ridged when dry; tuber up to the size of a rugby football, about 30 cm. below ground. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Leaves (1(cult.) -)2-3-pinnate, 15-40 cm. long, with 2 pairs of pinnae and with 3-5 leaflets, densely pubescent when very young, later glabrescent; leaflets oblong, elliptic or obovate, 2.5-6(-7 cult.) cm. long, 1.5-4.5(-5.2 cult.) cm. wide, rounded or emarginate but apiculate at the apex, cuneate, rounded or subcordate at the base, glabrous or finely puberulous, the venation ± prominent beneath; petioles up to 2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Flowers in sparsely pilose inflorescences appearing when the plant is leafless; rachis 4 cm. long; bracts oblong, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, obtuse, sparsely pilose; stalks elongate, cylindrical, articulate, 0.5-2 cm. long, true pedicels short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Receptacle tubular, 1.3-3 cm. long, 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Sepals rose, linear-oblong, 0.9-1.2 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, deflexed, pubescent at the apex; petals paler rose to bright pink, often white at base or yellowish, linear, 1.2-1.5 cm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Stamens attached to margin of receptacle on very narrow annulus, filaments 1.2 cm. long; anthers yellow-green, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; staminodes 5, episepalous, ± as long as stamen-filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Ovary 5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, glabrous, the stipe 5 mm. long; style white, filiform, up to 2 cm. long in young fruit but mostly as long as staminodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Pods purple-brown with bloom or purple-striped, 13.5-30 cm. long, 1.2-1.4(-2.1) cm. wide, each valve with 2 grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Seeds yellow-green or colourless, the body 1-1.3 cm. long, 8-9 mm. wide, transversely ridged and pitted, the wings 2-3 cm. long overall, separated by wide sinuses at the extremities. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0001085059 morphology B686C238-F69C-4B4D-B6AC-440B9D43377C Fig. 2/5, 6, 10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584730-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Is the basis of an agricultural system in southern Ethiopia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 use E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 The corms are harvested just before flowering, and the stored starch extracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Giant herb arising from a short upright rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Pseudostem formed of the overlapping leaf-bases, 1.5-5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Leaf-blades erect or spreading, forming a large rosette, oblong-lanceolate, to 5 × 1.5 m., glaucous or not, midrib red or green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Inflorescence appearing from the centre of the rosette, pendulous when mature. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Bracts of the male part of the inflorescence persistent or partially deciduous, each subtending ± 30-40 flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Outer tepal of male flowers 3-lobed, the lobes variable in length, 3.5-5.5 cm. long, white with orange-yellow tips; inner tepal serrate-apiculate, 1-1.5 × 1-1.7 cm., the apiculum 0.3-1.3 cm., or occasionally absent; stamens 5, 3-5 cm. long, anthers violet to purple, filaments white; staminode present or not, acicular, 0.1-1 cm. long; style acicular, 1-2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Bracts of the female/hermaphrodite  part of the inflorescence persistent, partially covering the fruits. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Outer tepal 3-lobed, sometimes with 1-2 smaller extra acicular lobes attached to it internally; inner tepals 1-3, variable in shape with 2 wings and an apiculum up to 1.5 cm. long; stamens 0-5, 3.5 cm. long, coloured as in the male flowers; staminodes variable according to the number of stamens present; style 2.5-4 cm. long, terete, with a large capitate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Fruits 5-20 in the axil of each bract, long-obovoid, 8-15 × 3-4.5 cm., orange at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Seeds irregularly subspherical, 1.2-2.3 × 1.2-1.8 × 0.9-1.6 cm., striate to smooth, hard, black, embedded in orange pulp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000407924 morphology E758F8FC-D87C-4049-A003-895F4C8064F6 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584810-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Giant herb arising from a short horizontal branching rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Pseudostems formed from the overlapping leaf-bases, up to 5 m. high, usually less than 25 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Leaf-blades oblong-lanceolate, to 2-2.5 × 0.4-0.6 m., apex truncate, base rounded, petiole and midrib green, somewhat glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Inflorescence appearing from the top of the pseudostem, horizontal or deflexed; peduncle pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Bracts of the ♂ part of the inflorescence red, quickly deciduous, each subtending ± 20 flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Outer 3-lobed tepal of ♂ flowers 3.5-4.5 cm. long and ± 1.2 cm. wide, yellow above; inner tepal ± 1.5-2 cm. long, the apiculum 1-2 mm. long; stamens 5, 4-5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Bracts of the ♀ part of the inflorescence red, deciduous, each subtending up to 16 flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Outer 3-lobed tepal ± 2.5 cm. long, yellow at the apex; free tepal ± 1.5 cm. long, translucent; ovary glabrous, or partially or entirely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Fruits 10-20 in each group, each 8-13 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. in diameter, first green but becoming yellow when fully ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000473834 morphology 5E67C04F-8F9B-4279-A699-D5446D0AA839 Seeds irregularly depressed-spherical, 6-7 × 3 mm., dull black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:797527-1 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Upright herb usually 1-1.5 m. tall from a horizontal branching rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Leaf-blade narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, ± 60 × 25 cm., base rounded to cuneate, gradually attenuate to the sheath, apex acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Inflorescence racemose, usually simple, but sometimes branched later, bearing single or paired flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Bracts broadly obovate, 0.9-2 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Sepals ovate, acute, 1-1.5 × 0.4-0.9 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Corolla 4-5 cm. long, the lowermost 1 cm. fused into a tube, the lobes free; lobes 3-4 × 0.3-0.7 cm., usually red but sometimes with yellow markings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Staminodes usually 3, spathulate, 4-6 × 1-1.5 cm., reddish, fused at the base, apex acute or emarginate. Labellum usually red above, yellow with red markings below, 4-5 × 0.6-1 cm., narrowly oblong, apex emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Stamen 4-5 cm. long, petaloid portion involute; anther 0.7-1 cm. long, adnate to the sterile part for one-third of its length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Style 4-5 cm. long, reddish or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Capsule ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, covered outside with soft spines, opening irregularly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000343805 morphology AD11AD86-C26B-4C14-B9F4-2EDB19B871EB Seeds spherical, smooth, very dark brown, ± 0.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319130-2 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Tree or shrub 1.2-24 m. tall; bark rough or smooth, at first red-brown, later grey with prominent lenticels, exuding orange-red resin when slashed; branches densely to sparsely covered with ferruginous hairs or glabrous; young growth with a fugitive scurfy indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Leaf-blades very variable in size and shape, narrowly elliptic, oblong, lanceolate, ovate, oblanceolate or obovate, 6-22.3 cm. long, 2.1-11.2 cm. wide, obtuse to shortly acuminate or mucronate, cuneate or rounded at the base, subentire or minutely to coarsely and irregularly toothed in upper part, smooth, chartaceous, membranous, occasionally coriaceous, ferruginous-pubescent on nerves above and/or beneath, or sparsely ferruginous-pubescent over lower surface or glabrous, with or without visible gland-dots or streaks; main nerves distinct, midrib often pink, reticulation obscure; petiole±1/6 the length of the leaf-blade, 1.4-4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Inflorescence a much-branched, lax or condensed many-flowered axillary panicle, up to 3/4 the length of the subtending leaf, glabrous to densely ferruginous-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Flower hermaphrodite or functionally female, (4-)5-partite; pedicels up to 1 mm. long, glabrous or ferruginous-pubescent, with 2 bracteoles, paired or not, with ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Calyx campanulate; lobes triangular, ovate to broadly ovate,±1 mm. long, with or without darker markings, margins minutely ciliate, occasionally whole surface puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Corolla white or cream, with or without darker markings, 1.75-3 mm. long,±5 mm. across lobes; lobes spreading, rounded, obtuse,±as long as the tube, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Stamens orange, exserted; filaments short, as long as the anthers or less (sometimes aborted but then the flower abnormal); anthers sagittate, not much longer than broad, emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Ovary adnate to the calyx, glabrous; placenta stalked, globose to ovoid, shortly apiculate; ovules few-many, embedded in the placenta, multiseriate; style exserted, short, stout, cylindrical, up to 1 mm. long; stigma convex, obscurely to distinctly lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Fruit a globose berry, 3-5.5 mm. in diameter, very sweet, irregularly ribbed (in herbarium material), forming pendent clusters, yellowish-brown or red when ripe, with persistent calyx and style, glabrous, many-seeded but few reaching maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Seed small, 2-3.25 mm. long; surface tessellated with many irregularly-shaped pits. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448927 morphology 8FE60974-CC16-407C-B70A-B2A9019BD490 Fig. 1/9-13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588843-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Small tree, shrub or climbing shrub, 1.2-1.8(-6) m. tall; bark papery, peeling, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Leaf-blade ovate to obovate, 6-12.5 cm. long, 3.1-7 cm. wide, acute to shortly acuminate or occasionally mucronate, cuneate or rarely±rounded at base, shallowly±regularly toothed in upper 1/2-2/3, membranous (to chartaceous in the fruiting state), hairy above and beneath when young, mature leaves with indumentum usually confined to nerves and margins above and beneath; main nerves distinct, (5-)7-9 on either side of midrib, each vein running into a marginal tooth and ending in a mucro; petiole±1/4 the length of the leaf-blade, 1.5-2.9 cm. long, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Inflorescence a narrow little-branched, straggling many-flowered axillary panicle up to 1/2 the length of the subtending leaf, minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Flower hermaphrodite, with or without red gland-dots or streaks, 5-6-merous; pedicels 1-3.5 mm. long, pubescent with 2 paired narrowly lanceolate pubescent bracteoles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Calyx campanulate; tube almost obsolete; lobes ovate,±1 mm. long, with minutely ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Corolla white or creamy yellow, 2-3 mm. long; lobes ovate, united at base, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Stamens adnate to corolla a short way below anther; anthers ovate, emarginate, less than 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Ovary inferior; placenta ovoid, usually markedly apiculate; ovules few to many, embedded in 1 row around basal part of placenta; style usually slightly curved; stigma cushion-shaped, occasionally lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Fruit a globose berry, yellow-brown, crowned by persistent calyx and style, 7 mm. in diameter, sparsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Seeds resembling those of M. lanceolata in surface texture. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448811 morphology 333DB006-66E0-4322-931C-4C794ACC8455 Fig. 1/1-8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588989-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Evergreen undershrub, shrub or tree from less than 1 m. to 6 m. tall, often or perhaps always subdioecious, the male plants producing no ovaries or fruit, the flowers on female plants containing stamens which may or may not be functional; bark grey or white with lighter streaks, shredding; branches brown or purplish, densely minutely crisped hairy especially on the younger wood, older wood with longitudinal ribs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Leaves alternate, crowded; blades ovate to lanceolate, rhomboid, obovate or orbicular, 4.5-20 mm. long, 3-11.5 mm. wide, acute to acuminate, cuneate, usually serrate in upper half, occasionally entire, coriaceous, glossy and rugulose above, smooth, punctate beneath, glabrous except occasionally a few hairs at base of midrib on upper surface, glands faintly pellucid, orange; nerves (2-)3-5(-7) on either side of midrib; petiole 1-3 mm. long, glabrous to densely glandular-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Inflorescence consisting of 1-5-flowered axillary clusters on young wood. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Flowers male or female, small, 4-merous, pendent, glabrous, gland-dotted; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Sepals united at base or rarely free, ±1 mm. long, margins finely erose in male flowers, entire in female flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Corolla greenish white or pink, campanulate with entire lobes to funnel-shaped with ciliate lobes,±2 mm. long; lobes as long as tube in male flowers, and half as long in length in female flowers, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Stamens exserted, subsessile or with filaments up to 1.5 mm. long, united into a collar which is adnate to the corolla-tube; anthers crimson to blue-violet, ovate, apiculate, 1-2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Ovary ovoid; placenta stalked, ovoid, apiculate; ovules few, uniseriate; style exserted to half its length, slender, 1-3 mm. long; stigma cream, discoid, fimbriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Fruit an edible berry, pale green, red, purple, finally black, globose with persistent style and calyx, up to 5 mm. in diameter, smooth except for raised gland-dots, glabrous, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Seeds globose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000448784 morphology BCF864BF-6FEC-41F3-B920-764D0472BEBF Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589037-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Evergreen tree, or occasionally a shrub 1.8-4.5 m. tall, with very small buttresses and a fluted trunk; bark rough, fissured, reddish brown to grey-white, with prominent lenticels; slash light brown to crimson; sapwood pink, heartwood deeper pink; branches smooth, glabrous to ferruginous hairy; branchlets purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Leaves sometimes in pseudo-whorls at ends of branches or alternate, with or without visible resinous streaks; young foliage with minute scattered hairs above and on midrib, later glabrous; leaf-blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic, oblong, lanceolate to oblanceolate or obovate, 2.4-20 cm. long, 1-6.8 cm. wide, obtuse, mucronate to shortly acuminate, rarely emarginate, base tapered into petiole, entire, coriaceous, glossy above, glabrous; midrib distinct, red when young, other nerves prominent or not, 8-22 on either side of midrib; petiole 2-35 mm. long, often winged, red when young, glabrous or with ferruginous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Inflorescence axillary, on old wood or at nodes on younger twigs below leaves, in clusters of 3-12 flowers on short shoots densely covered with scale-like bracts; bracts short, broadly rounded,±2.75 mm. long, minutely ciliate at apex; pedicels 1-7 mm. long, stout, expanded upwards, glabrous or ferruginous-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Flower hermaphrodite or functionally female, (4-)5(-6)-merous, with or without dark markings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Calyx cup-shaped; lobes ovate,±1.5 mm. long, with± prominent midrib, margins minutely ciliate, rarely whole surface puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Corolla white, yellow, green or pink, buds yellow-red or purplish, 1.8-5 mm. long; tube±1 mm. long; lobes revolute, ovate to oblong, inner surface fuscous scurfy, margins minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Stamens pale yellow, subsessile to sessile, filaments adnate to corolla at mouth of tube; anthers ovate, triangular or sagittate, mucronate to emarginate, 1-3 mm. long, occasionally with tuft of minute hairs at apex, dehiscing by longitudinal slits and curving back over petal lobes in fully open flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Ovary ovoid, conical or almost globose, glabrous; placenta ovoid; ovules few, scattered or uniseriate; style short, stout, merging with ovary or wanting; stigma conical, sometimes 2-4-lobed or split. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Fruit pink, mauve, blue, whitish-blue or purple, globose, up to 7 mm. in diameter, nerves±prominent, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Seed small, globose, with indentation at base, surface pattern of sinuous cell-walls giving the appearance of uneven pitting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000404193 morphology 1F223A07-9643-451E-9421-2B7ED6D1375E Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:589728-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Scandent shrub to 1.5 m.; bark smooth, striate, whitish with scattered prominent lenticels; young wood ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Leaf-blades ovate, oblong or obovate, occasionally suborbicular, 8.2-10.8 cm. long, 4.3-7.4 cm. wide, shortly and abruptly acuminate, cuneate, entire or with shallow teeth in the upper half, chartaceous, ferruginous hairy in groove of midrib above, densely so on veins beneath, less so on leaf-surface beneath; main nerves distinct, 6-8 on either side of midrib; reticulations conspicuous beneath; petiole slender, 8-14 mm. long, densely ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Inflorescence an axillary raceme of±14 flowers, densely ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Flower 5-merous,±6 mm. in diameter; pedicels 2-3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Calyx cup-shaped, united halfway, 2-3 mm. in diameter; lobes ovate, densely ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Petals free, spreading or recurved, oblong, 3-3.5 mm. long, minutely pubescent on inner surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Stamens inserted quarter of the way up from base of corolla; anthers ovate, apiculate, on short filaments equalling the anthers in length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Ovary subglobose or ovoid; style slender, ferruginous hairy; stigma 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666921 morphology 0AE5FD40-9D81-4957-B935-95F2D4BC0583 Fruits reddish with raised markings, longitudinally ribbed (in herbarium material),±5 mm. in diameter (? immature), with persistent calyx and style-base, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588406-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Scandent shrub or much-branched tree to 12m., with prominent lenticels; bark striate, fibrous, stripping off from the older wood; young growth ferruginous hairy, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Leaves glossy and red-tinged above, silvery below, alternate, spaced along the branches or in clusters at the ends of the branches; young foliage sometimes glandular hairy, soon glabrous; leaf-blades obovate-oblong, sometimes lanceolate or oblanceolate, 5-12.4 cm. long, 1.8-5.9 cm. wide, obtuse, acute or acuminate, usually cuneate or somewhat decurrent on the petiole, occasionally±rounded at base, entire, margins slightly revolute, chartaceous or coriaceous, with visible gland dots and streaks; midrib grooved above, with 12-20 or more closely parallel nerves on either side, glabrous; petiole red, grooved above, 4-20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Inflorescence a dense axillary raceme, 1.2-5.1 cm. long, arising from a densely bracteate shoot 2-3 mm. long, often on bare branches below the leaves, sparsely ferruginous hairy, each raceme bearing 8-34 flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Flowers pedicellate, 4-5-merous, up to 6.5 mm. in diameter, greenish white to yellowish cream; pedicels±3 mm. long, ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Calyx cup-shaped, 1.5-3.5 mm. in diameter, united to halfway; lobes ovate, spreading, speckled or not, with minutely ciliate margins, glabrous or sparsely ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Petals free, speckled, spreading to somewhat reflexed, oblong to ovate,±3 mm. long, 1.75 mm. wide, minutely pubescent on inner surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Stamens adnate to lower part of petal, up to 4.5 mm. long, with slender filaments; anthers creamy white, ovate, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Ovary globose or ovoid; style cylindrical, 2-2.5 mm. long in female flower, shorter in male flower; stigma truncate or 2-3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Fruits green (? immature), reddish green to red, speckled, globose, 5-8 mm. in diameter, with persistent calyx and style, glabrous, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000666993 morphology 6FDB03DC-C56F-4D37-A133-10D12D61A76B Seed globose, smooth, intruded at base, brown with irregular orange markings (in herbarium material). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588468-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Shrub to 1.8 m., with stiff arching branches; bark of young shoots pale reddish brown speckled with inconspicuous lenticels, sparsely glandular-hairy; older bark whitish, flaking and peeling, with a fibrous inner surface, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Leaves of older wood congested, set in clusters on stubby side shoots from main stem, leaving prominent leaf scars, alternate on younger wood; leaf-blades obovate, 3.6-6.8 cm. long, 3.1-3.9 cm. wide, obtuse to acute at apex, cuneate at base, margins slightly revolute, dentate in upper half with spine-like teeth, coriaceous, glossy, green or yellow-green above, paler beneath, gland-dotted, glabrous except for very young foliage; midrib grooved above, raised beneath, with 8-10 indistinct nerves on either side; petiole somewhat winged, 4-10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Inflorescence of several-flowered axillary clusters on short densely bracteate shoots; bracts minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Flowers greenish yellow to pink, sessile, 5-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Calyx adnate to ovary, cup-shaped, 2 mm. in diameter, united halfway; lobes broadly ovate, with dark speckles on outer surface, margins minutely erose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Petals free, lanceolate, obovate, acute, minutely pubescent on inner surface and with dark speckles on outer surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Stamens adnate to petals in lower half; filaments slender; anthers ovate-oblong, obtuse or apiculate on same plant, splitting longitudinally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Ovary of male flowers disc-like, with 2-3 ovules in 1 row surmounting the placenta; style short cylindrical 2 mm. long; stigma conical or truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Fruits green through dull crimson to almost black, ovoid, sessile, with calyx persistent in hollow at base of fruit, 12 mm. in diameter, 1-seeded; pericarp±2.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Corolla creamy-white; lobes basically trifid but two outer segments sometimes split into two (rarely three) linear segments; segments 9–12 mm. long; tube up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Filaments 2–3.5 mm. long; staminodes linear-lanceolate, 4–6 mm. long, apex attenuate, densely pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Ovary densely covered with long straight hairs; style slender, tapering, 1–1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Fruit an orange or orange-red ellipsoid to ovoid berry, up to 2.5 cm. long, apex obtuse, acute or shortly rostrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244629 morphology 529B01E9-87A3-4B11-9783-9C799178AEA7 Seed solitary, ellipsoid, up to 1.8 cm. long; testa brown, hard and horny; scar obliquely basal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Shrub or small tree up to 15 m. high with slender branchlets, pubescent when young, later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Petiole 5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Leaf-lamina rigidly coriaceous, lanceolate to ovate, up to 5 cm. long and 2.2 cm. wide, gradually tapering into a long acuminate apex, base obtuse to broadly cuneate, nervation inconspicuous, primary nerves ± 10 and slightly raised on lower surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Flowers in axils of current leaves; pedicels slender, curving, up to 6 mm. long, ferrugineous pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Outer sepals up to 6 mm. long and 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Corolla white; lobes trifid; median segment up to 4 mm. long; outer segments up to 1.5 mm. long; tube short, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Stamens 3; filaments ± 1 mm. long; anthers up to 2 mm. long; staminodes subequal in length to corolla-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Ovary subglobose, tapering into a 6 mm. long style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244475 morphology E462A008-6208-42A2-888C-D5B5CF7E7290 Fruit and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787835-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Small to medium tree (rarely a shrub), height up to 20 m., with much branched dense evergreen crown; bark grey or blackish, rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Young branches and petioles with ferrugineous pubescence, later wearing away. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Petioles 1–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Leaf-lamina thinly coriaceous to coriaceous, ± elliptic, obovate-elliptic to ± oblanceolate, (4-)5–9(–11) cm. long, (l.7-)2.3–4(–4.5) cm. wide, obtuse to ± broadly acute or rarely shortly acuminate, broadly cuneate; upper surface dark green and glossy, with slightly raised nervation, lower surface paler, practically glabrous except on and near midrib; lateral nerves ascending, finely raised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Flowers usually 2–3 per axil; pedicels l.5–2.5(–3.5) cm. long, curved, with dense ferrugineous or brownish pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Outer sepals ± lanceolate, up to 11 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, externally with dense ferrugineous or brownish pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Corolla-lobes cream or whitish, trifid; segments linear-lanceolate, up to 9.5 mm. long; tube up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Filaments up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Staminodes narrowly lanceolate, up to 5 mm. long, narrowly acute, simple or sometimes minutely laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Ovary up to 2.5 mm. long, densely pilose; style tapering, up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Mature fruit an orange or yellowish ± ellipsoid or ovoid-subglobose berry, 1.5–3.5 cm. long and 1.5–2.5 cm. in diameter, with firm tough skin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244755 morphology 79A9C359-FA44-4293-AF39-2A95AFC27B35 Seeds 1–2 (very rarely more), variable in shape, generally ± ellipsoid or sometimes ± oblong when more than one seed present, l–2(–2.5) cm. long, up to 1.2 cm. wide and 6 mm. thick; testa shiny pale brown, hard and horny; hilum ± basal in small circular depression. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788090-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Medium-sized tree, height up to 20 m. with repeated subapical branching; young shoots ferrugineous pubescent later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Leaves clustered at shoot apices; petioles 1–2 cm. long, with ferrugineous pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Leaf-lamina coriaceous, elliptic to obovate-elliptic, (3.5-)4.5–11 cm. long, (2-)2.5–4.5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse, broadly cuneate; upper surface glabrous with finely raised nervation, lower surface with soft dense ferrugineous indumentum when young, later stripping away and becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Flowers clustered in axils of current or fallen leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Pedicels 7–15 mm. long, ferrugineously pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Outer sepals elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 6–8 mm. long, up to 3 mm. wide, with dense short ferrugineous pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Corolla-lobes trifid, but with outer pair of segments further split into two (sometimes incompletely); median segment narrowly ligulate, up to 6 mm. long; outer segments broader and about same length; tube up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Filaments up to 1.5 mm. long; anthers up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Staminodes narrowly lanceolate, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Ovary up to 2 mm. long, tapering into a short style up to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244716 morphology F24EDA6B-6D6D-449B-B1FE-6757AFFCD8C9 Fruit ovoid, up to 2.9 cm. long and 1.7 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788055-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Tall tree with long straight bole, height up to 40 m.; bark of twigs deep purplish-brown, rough and fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Young branches and petioles puberulous, becoming glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Petioles 1–2(–2.3) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Leaf-lamina elliptic to elliptic-oblong or rarely obovate-oblong, 5.5–12(–14) cm. long, 2–5.3(–5.6) cm. wide, apex shortly acuminate or ± cuspidate, cuneate; upper surface with slightly raised nerves, lower surface practically glabrous or with scattered hairs along midrib; lateral nerves and veins slightly raised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Flowers fragrant, 2–4 per axil, ± pendulous; pedicels curved, up to 1 cm. in length, with dense buff-coloured pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Outer sepals ± ovate, 5.5–7 mm. long, with dense buff to pale brown pubescence externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Corolla greenish-yellow or cream; lobes trifid; segments oblong-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, up to 5 mm. long, with outer pair sometimes irregularly serrate near apex (very rarely bifid to base); tube up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Filaments up to 1.5 mm. long; staminodes oblong-lanceolate, up to 4.5 mm. long, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Ovary densely pilose with short pale brown hairs; style tapering, up to 4 mm. in length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Fruit a yellow or orange-yellow broadly ovoid berry, up to 2.5 cm. long and 2 cm. in diameter, with greyish flannel-like indumentum when young, later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244495 morphology DA4BDF44-0710-42FA-969F-66DA54B976F6 Seeds 1–3, up to 9 mm. long, tending to be triangular in cross-section, obscurely ridged along the broader margin, and usually with a small basal projection; testa brown; scar ± basal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787855-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Medium-sized tree, height up to 30 m., slightly buttressed at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Young branches and petioles with dense ferrugineous or dark brown pubescence, older branches glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Petioles 1.5–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Leaf-lamina oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, 6–15.5 cm. long, 1.8–5.1 cm. wide, shortly acuminate, rarely acute, base tapering and narrowly cuneate; young leaves with dense ferrugineous pubescence on both surfaces, soon rubbing away; upper surface with fine raised and reticulate venation, lower surface with less prominent venation, practically glabrous or with hairs along midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Flowers 2–4 per axil; pedicels slightly curved, 5–10 mm. long, with dense ferrugineous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Outer sepals ± ovate, up to 6 mm. long, densely ferrugineous pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Corolla cream; lobes trifid; median lobe wider than two outer, up to 5.5 mm. long; tube up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Filaments up to 1.5 mm. long; staminodes ± lanceolate, up to 4 mm. long, acute, densely hairy externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Ovary with dense straight hairs; style 1.5–3 mm. in length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Mature fruit a yellowish subglobose to broadly ellipsoid berry, up to 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. in diameter; pericarp thick and leathery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244478 morphology 93CA6FBF-9F8C-47D3-8B2D-2F0471CB4412 Seed solitary, pale brown, up to 1.5 cm. long, ± triangular in cross-section and ridged along the broader margin with a small projection at base; scar basal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787837-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Tree up to 10 m. in height; young branches, petioles, pedicels and flower-buds with dense ferrugineous indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Petioles up to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Leaf-lamina elliptic-oblong, 12–15 cm. long, 4–5 cm. wide, ± obtuse, broadly cuneate, subcoriaceous, glabrous and shiny on upper surface; primary lateral nerves ±15 each side, finely raised on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Flowers clustered in axils of current leaves, pendulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Sepals narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, up to 10 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Corolla-segments linear-lanceolate, up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Filaments up to 2.5 mm. long; anthers up to 4 mm. long; staminodes narrowly lanceolate and ± equal to length of stamens, externally pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000244690 morphology 7C999CA5-4D9E-40E8-9B81-990516142E7F Ovary densely pilose, tapering into a slender style up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:788027-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Spreading much-branched shrub or small tree, height up to 5 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Young shoots with brownish indumentum, later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Petioles up to 7 mm. long, practically glabrous when mature. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Stipules linear, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Leaf-lamina ± oblanceolate, up to 7 cm. long and 3.2 cm. wide, shortly acuminate or rarely ± obtuse, base tapering and narrowly cuneate, practically glabrous; lateral nerves finely raised on lower surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Pedicels up to 2.8 cm. long, densely ferrugineously pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Outer calyx-lobes narrowly ovate, 6.5–8 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, with dense ferrugineous pubescence outside; inner lobes oblong-lanceolate, a little smaller and with paler pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Corolla creamish to pale yellow; outer segments ± oblong-lanceolate, up to 7 mm. long; median segment ligulate, erect, 5–7 mm. long; tube up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Filaments tapering and ± flattened, up to 2.5 mm. long; staminodes narrowly ovate, up to 4 mm. long, closely adjacent and ± connate at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Ovary densely pilose; style up to 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Fruit ± ovoid with short terminal rostrum, up to 4 cm. in diameter, indumentum rubbing off and skin becoming practically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Seeds up to 2.8 cm. in diameter, with lateral hilum and large spreading scar covering over half of surface area. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332906 morphology A065294C-4E9B-43AD-BEB2-ADCC6D0778D5 Fig. 12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790050-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Shrub up to 6 m. high with repeated subapical branching; branchlets with pale brownish-grey bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Petioles 0.5–2 cm. long, practically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Leaf-lamina obovate-elliptic to ± obovate, (5-)7–11 cm. long, (2.5-)3–5 cm. wide, ± obtuse, cuneate, slightly puberulous along midrib beneath, especially when young; nervation inconspicuous on upper surface, primary lateral nerves ascending and finely raised on lower surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Flowers clustered in axils of ± terminal leaf-rosettes; pedicels up to 2–5 cm. long, with ± floccose ferrugineous pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Calyx with dense floccose ferrugineous pubescence; outer sepals ± lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long; inner sepals with greyish-brown indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Corolla yellow; segments up to 7 mm. long; tube ±1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Filaments up to 2.5 mm. long; staminodes ± ovate, up to 3.5 mm. long, densely woolly externally, ± connivent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Ovary densely pilose; style up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000332903 morphology 328A9796-3B48-4728-BCCE-1A8953D993DF Fruits unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:790047-1 wfo-0000235995 use AC0EBC4B-0F7F-4F41-A645-6AA474D90378 It bears edible fruit, known as sapodilla or nispero, and the latex is a source of chicle gum used in chewing gum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:152641-2 wfo-0000235825 use 5B9FB151-246B-49A5-8DCD-DA843D58C41C A source of balata rubber and a substitute for chicle, is native to Central and South America and has also been tried at Amani (Greenway 2801 !). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1032531-2 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Small to medium-sized tree with low branching and spreading crown, height up to 20 m., or sometimes a shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Bark brownish-grey or blackish with longitudinal fissures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Branching very irregular with leaves borne mainly in terminal rosettes on dwarf shoots, the latter usually swollen and with rough scarring; young shoots glabrescent or pubescent with evanescent ferrugineous indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Petioles l.5–12(–20) mm. long, glabrous or puberulous to pubescent especially when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Leaf-lamina coriaceous, elliptic-obovate to obovate, l.5–6.5(–7.5) cm. long, 0.8–3 cm. wide, apex rounded, often emarginate, base broadly to narrowly cuneate, in which case usually decurrent with petiole, or rarely ± rounded (especially in very shortly petiolate leaves), glabrous or puberulous to ± pubescent mainly on lower surface especially in young leaves; lateral nerves ± 10–14 on each side, nervation lightly impressed on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Flowers white to pale yellow, densely clustered in leaf axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Pedicels 6–13 mm. long, glabrous or with varying degrees of pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Calyx-lobes ± free to base; outer lobes ± ovate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, glabrescent to densely pubescent; inner lobes similar in shape but slightly smaller and pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Corolla-tube very short; lobes trifid; segments narrowly lanceolate or ligulate, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Filaments 1.5–2 mm. long; anthers 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Staminodes small, truncate, apex irregularly toothed, rarely with one tooth enlarged and filament-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Ovary subglobose, shortly pilose, tapering at apex to a simple style, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Fruit yellow when mature with crimson soft edible pulp, subglobose to ellipsoid, up to 1.8 cm. long, 1.3 cm. in diameter, glabrous, containing 1–3 seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235926 morphology 475C863A-E9B5-4F45-98D0-2B15C410F01C Seeds dark brown, ellipsoid and compressed, up to 1.3 cm. long, 8 mm. wide; scar lateral, extending to base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787674-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Small to medium-sized tree, height up to 25 m.; branchlets glabrous; terminal bud and very young shoots with resinous exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Petioles robust, 1.5–4 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Leaf-lamina elliptic or elliptic-oblong to obovate-oblong, 10–29 cm. long, 3.5–9.5 cm. wide, coriaceous, apex rounded to emarginate, sometimes shortly acuminate, cuneate; upper surface dark green and glabrous with raised lateral nerves and vein reticulum, lower surface silvery-grey or whitish with indumentum of very small closely appressed regularly arranged hairs, with (16-) 18–22 raised and very prominent primary lateral nerves on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Young flower-buds with resinous exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Flowers fascicled in axils of current or recently fallen leaves, usually 6–8 per axil. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Pedicels 2–6 mm. long, stout, with dense pale brown indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Calyx-lobes fused for ± 2 mm. at base; outer lobes elliptic-oblong, up to 8 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, with dense pale silvery-green indumentum externally; inner lobes smaller and less hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Corolla white or greenish-white; tube cylindrical, up to 6 mm. long; lobes trifid; outer segments linear-oblong, up to 5 mm. long; median segment spathulate, 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Filaments up to 5 mm. long; anthers up to 2.5 mm. long; staminodes narrowly ligulate, up to 4 mm. long, apex laciniate with 2 (or sometimes more) long delicate processes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Ovary subglobose; style long and tapering, up to 1.4 cm. long, glabrescent; stigma simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Young fruits with short thick pedicels, subglobose, with very short pale mealy indumentum rubbing off with age; style persistent, conspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235853 morphology C4136EA7-69A7-4B35-A30A-089B3FAA48E9 Mature fruits not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787620-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Small much-branched evergreen tree or shrub, height up to 10 m.; bark grey with small longitudinal fissures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Terminal buds, young shoots and very young leaves with dense ferrugineous pubescence, older leaves and branchlets glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Petioles 3–10(–12) mm. long, glabrous or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Leaf-lamina coriaceous, narrowly to broadly obovate or rarely narrowly elliptic, up to 6.5 (rarely –9.5) cm. long and 2.6 (rarely –3.2) cm. wide; upper surface dark shiny green, lower surface paler green, sometimes with slight ferrugineous pubescence near base; nervation inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Flowers 2–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Pedicels 4–7 mm. long, ferrugineously pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Calyx-lobes connate near base; outer lobes ± ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, ferrugineously pubescent externally; inner lobes narrowly elliptic, 3–4 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, puberulous externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Corolla-tube up to 1 mm. long; lobes pale green, ± trifid; two outer segments ± lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long; median segment variable in shape, ± ligulate to narrowly elliptic, or rarely very small and subulate or absent, up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Filaments 1.5–3 mm. long; anthers ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Staminodes irregular in shape, ± triangular to oblong, very small, serrulate, denticulate or ± laciniate, usually with ± terminal acumen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Ovary globose, ± 1 mm. long, densely ferrugineous pilose; style up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Fruit greenish, ellipsoid to obovoid, up to 1 cm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, subglabrous, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000235978 morphology 5174231C-4F8A-4A2C-ADE3-9FC6421D2181 Seed obliquely ovoid, compressed, up to 8 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter; scar lateral, extending to base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787713-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Perianth white, greenish keeled on the outside, slightly urceolate to star-shaped; tepals (4–)6–9 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, 1-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Stamens slightly shorter than the tepals; filaments filiform, 4–6 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Style declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Capsule triquetrous, emarginate, 3–5 mm. long, 4–5.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763287 morphology 2A0DAD9B-BD1D-4F33-BFFB-AB97438AE69B Seeds disc-shaped, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:948191-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Plants variable, slender to moderately robust, often in dense clumps, 10–40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Rhizome horizontal, extensive, moniliform, occasionally branched, carrying the fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots thin and wiry, with whitish subglobose tubers, 1–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Leaves distichous, erect to falcate, often canaliculate, sometimes finely undulate, linear to narrowly lanceolate, firm, 10–40 cm. long, 4–20 mm. wide, margins and often midribs as well ciliate; leaf-bases and cataphylls blotched with greenish brown to brownish red spots or bands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Peduncles upright or geniculately curved (arcuate) at the base, angled, glabrous to shortly hairy below, densely papillate to pubescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Inflorescence a short, 3–13 cm. long, simple raceme; rhachis angled, pubescent, sometimes sinuate, scabrid to pubescent; floral bracts lanceolate, cuspidate, ciliate on the margins, lowermost up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Pedicels suberect, articulated near the middle or in the lower half to near base, ± papillate, 3.5–10 mm. long in fruit, 1–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Flowers white, star-shaped; tepals patent, (6–)8–11 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, 3(–5)-veined, with a greenish brown stripe on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Stamens equal to shorter than the tepals; filaments filiform to fusiform, glabrous, 3–6 mm. long; anthers 2–5 mm. long, twistedafter anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Style straight, slightly longer than the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Capsule deeply triquetrous, smooth to slightly transversely ridged, 4–5 mm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763204 morphology C1C0CE8D-E8C1-4B3B-ACA4-40F3662BB7AC Seeds saucer-shaped to flat, 2–3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532733-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Slender tufted plants, 15–40 cm. tall, from a short, sometimes moniliform rhizome, carrying the fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots thin and wiry, with tubers 1–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Leaves subdistichous, green to olive-green, linear, 20–45 cm. long, 4–9 mm. wide, sheathing below, erect but drooping in upper parts, somewhat canaliculate with a distinct midrib, margin distinctly ciliate; cataphylls ± membranous, sometimes with a characteristic white/green striping. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Peduncle slender, lax, glabrous, leafless, 5–30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Inflorescence a simple raceme; rhachis slightly papillose, often drooping; floral bracts, small, membranous, ovate, cuspidate, 1–4 mm. long, sometimes ciliate along margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Pedicels articulated near the base, very thin, glabrous, 5–12 mm. long at anthesis, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Tepals patent, white, with greenish to brownish stripes on the outside, 5–9 mm. long, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments linear, scabrous to papillate, ± 5 mm. long; anthers 2 mm., curved at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Style straight, as long as the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Capsule pendent, deeply 3-lobed, slightly transversely ridged, 10–15 mm. long, 6–10 mm. wide, triangular in longitudinal section, broadest at the distal end, emarginate, with remnants of the perianth at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763531 morphology 17901E0A-4DBF-410B-AEE6-9C16EE82B5C9 Seeds thin, flat, black, 3–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:972947-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Plants small, tufted, up to 20 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Rhizome short, moniliform, horizontal, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots fibrous, bearing distinct tubers, sometimes close to the rhizome, with patterned surface towards the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Leaves rosulate, few, linear-lanceolate, clasping below, minutely pubescent to papillate, particularly on the veins, 6–12 cm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, the bases and cataphylls with papillate to ciliate margins; cataphylls distally patent, base whitish to orange with green veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Peduncle stiffly erect, never arcuate, terete, sometimes glabrous below, papillate to pubescent above, 7–10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Inflorescence simple, open, exserted above the leaves, 6–20 cm. long; rhachis pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Pedicels articulated near the middle, short, up to ± 4 mm. long in fruit, usually solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Perianth white, papillose; tepals 3–5(–8) mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Stamens as long asthe perianth; filaments filiform, scabrid, ± 3 mm. long, longer than the 1 mm. long versatile anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Style as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Capsule triquetrous, emarginate, ± 3 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763342 morphology BCA790CC-89CC-49B4-A17D-9C926CE756A1 Seeds saucer-shaped, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532853-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Small plants up to 15 cm. high, from a very short rhizome; roots reduced to a fascicle of elongated tubers, 1.5–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Leaves few, rosulate, lanceolate, 8–14 cm. long, ± 1.5 cm. wide, with a hyaline margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Peduncle slender, scabrid, leafless, 5–7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Inflorescence a simple raceme; rhachis ± pubescent; floral bracts narrow, membranous, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Pedicels articulated near or slightly above the middle, suberect, glabrous, 3 mm. long at anthesis, usually solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Flowers inconspicuous; tepals semipatent, whitish, 6 mm. long, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Stamens shorter than the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Capsule trigonous, indistinctly transversely ridged, 6–9 mm. long and 9–12 mm. wide, emarginate, with withered remnants of the perianth at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763243 morphology 8F8A7CEB-C95B-492F-BD0A-993BB65AEF0F Seeds flat, slightly folded, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532767-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Plants 30–70 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Rhizome short, moniliform, bearing fibres from previous leaves; roots thick and spongy throughout, or narrow near the base and enlarging into very long, conspicuous tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Leaves rosulate, erect or sometimes falcate with clasping bases, canaliculate, glabrous, often bluish to greyish green, narrowly lanceolate to linear, 20–40 cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, margin undulate, cataphylls with a hyaline margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Peduncle erect, leafless, 15–40 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Inflorescence a simple raceme; rhachis glabrous; floral bracts short, indistinct. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Pedicels articulated in upper half, glabrous, ± 1 cm. at anthesis, elongating with age, solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Flowers conspicuous, zygomorphic; tepals white with pale green midrib, 15–20 mm. long, 2–3mm. wide, 3-veined, constricted and thus forming an urceolate structure around the ovary, outer parts of tepals reflexed at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Stamens longer than the perianth, exserted; filaments declinate, up to 15 mm.; anthers 2–4 mm., twisted after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Style declinate, exserted, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Capsule with remnants of the perianth at the base, triquetrous, emarginate, variable in size, but often very large, (7–)10–20 mm. long, usually distinctly longer than wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Seeds disc-shaped, 3–5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763609 morphology 4E2DF778-7164-468B-83BF-9EBF59924597 Fig. 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533072-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Plants 20–50(–100) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Rhizome short, irregular, often bearing fibrous remnants from previous years’ leaves; roots swollen, with robust dark tubers up to 7 cm. long distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Leaves rosulate, glabrous, lanceolate, 10–50 cm. long, 1–3(–6) cm. wide, sheathing below, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes cataphylls with ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Peduncle stout, 10–35 cm. long, leafless, glabrous, terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Inflorescence unbranched or rarely with a few basal branches, racemose, dense, up to 17 cm. long; floral bracts hyaline, lanceolate up to 15 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Pedicels articulated in lower half to near the middle, up to 10 mm. long, 2–3 at the lower node. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Flowers large and showy, sweetly scented, shallowly bowl-shaped; tepals ± 20 mm. long and 6–9 mm. wide, 10–14-veined (the only species in the genus with more than 7-veined tepals). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Stamens shorter than the tepals; filaments filiform, 5–6 mm. long; anthers versatile, 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Style straight, ± as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Capsule deeply triquetrous, 15 mm. long, 8–12 mm. wide, slightly emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763658 morphology 5A89E5FC-211B-4692-B7D6-383E782C2717 Seeds irregularly folded, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533112-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Plants 30–60 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Rhizome short, bearing fibrous remnants from previous years’ leaves; roots swollen and thick throughout their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Leaves rosulate, broadly lanceolate, ± rounded at apex, 10–25 cm. long, 2.5–5 cm. wide, sheathing below, often with a hyaline margin; sheathing cataphylls sometimes present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Peduncle terete, 10–25 cm., leafless, but sometimes with one sterile bract below the inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Inflorescence a much-branched panicle; floral bracts short, lanceolate and acute, supporting stiffly patent lateral branches up to 30 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Pedicels articulated near the apex, stiffly patent to semipatent, up to 25 mm. long, 2–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Tepals patent, 5–6 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, white with a greenish dorsal stripe, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Stamens shorter than the tepals; filaments filform, scabrid, sometimes pinkish in upper parts, ± 3 mm. long; anthers 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Style straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763687 morphology 60CF0F09-3CF9-4BA6-8A11-93D145F9459D Capsule deltate in cross-section, emarginate, ± 4 mm. long, Seeds saucer-shaped, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970987-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Plants tufted, 10–100 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Rhizome short, moniliform, horizontal, covered with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots thin, wiry, bearing distinct distant tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Leaves subdistichous to distichous, the innermost sheathing below, folded or flat, broadly linear to lanceolate, glabrous (sometimes papillate, rarely with ciliate margins), sometimes petiolate, glabrous, 10–80 cm. long, 0.5–4 cm. wide, midribs (and sometimes veins) prominent, sometimes papillate, cataphylls and outer leaf-bases sometimes with reddish-brown spots or stripes, sometimes cataphylls gradually turning to falcate leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Peduncle flat, winged, glabrous to slightly papillate, 10–100 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Inflorescence usually unbranched (sometimes a few basal branches), open with elongated internodes, up to 25 cm. long; rhachis sinuate, winged in lower part, terete above, glabrous; floral bracts small, lanceolate, acute, sometimes purplish, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Pedicels articulated below or close to the middle (sometimes close to the base), 4–12 mm. long in fruit, 2–4(–7)-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Tepals patent, 10–15(–20) mm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, (3–)5–7-veined, whitish, outer ones usually pinkish or brownish-pinkish (sometimes greenish) striped on the outside, inner ones white, all turning reddish when withering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Stamens declinate, shorter than the perianth, arranged in two groups, usually 4 in the upper and 2 in the lower; filaments glabrous, 2–6 mm., shorter than the 4–7 mm. long anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Style declinate, slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Capsule obovoid, rounded-deltate in cross-section, transversely ridged, emarginate, 6–8.5 mm. long, covered by perianth-remnants. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763269 morphology 6A387D60-85A7-43E3-9E79-C0141A501E32 Seeds irregularly folded, 1–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970951-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Plants tufted, glabrous or hairy, 20–40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Rhizome small, moniliform, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots fibrous, many, with tubers near the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Leaves distichous or nearly so, firm, filiform, clasping below, ciliate, 10–35 cm. long, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Peduncle terete, ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Inflorescence unbranched; floral bracts small, dark brown, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Pedicels articulated below the middle, 2–6 mm. long, 2–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Perianth white; tepals 7–10 mm. long, 5-veined, green, brown or rarely pinkish on the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Stamens declinate, probably in 2+4 arrangement; filaments shorter than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Style declinate, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Capsule shallowly lobed, 2–5 mm. long, transversely ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763366 morphology 1D583A20-2A89-4AD4-984D-FFDF47E129C4 Seeds irregularly folded, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532872-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Plants up to 60 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Rhizome small, moniliform, with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots fibrous, probably with tubers (not seen). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Leaves grass-like, narrowly linear, rosulate, with prominent red-brownish bands at the base especially on outer leaves, narrowly linear, ciliate on the margins, sometimes also with scattered hairs on the lamina, up to 55 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, often narrower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Peduncle compressed, narrowly winged, glabrous, up to 40 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Inflorescence simple, sometimes with basal branches, open with elongated internodes; rhachis terete, glabrous; floral bracts small, ovate, ciliate, outer ones shortly awned. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Pedicels articulated near or below the middle, up to 8 mm. long in fruit, 2–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Perianth open, star-shaped; tepals white to pinkish, ± 12 mm. long, ± 3 mm. wide, 5-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Stamens shorter than tepals; anthers 6 mm. long, slightly longer than the filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Capsule subglobose, shallowly 3-lobed in cross-section, transversely ridged, ± 5 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763527 morphology 6C73F056-D7F6-4B2C-80F3-6E27C9E66B85 Seeds small, irregularly folded, 1–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970968-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Plants tufted or solitary, 35–150 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Rhizome horizontal, moniliform, densely covered with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots fibrous, bearing tubers distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Leaves distichous, bases clasping the peduncle, outer ones short and falcate, inner ones gradually longer and more erect, firm, narrowly lanceolate, acute, closely ribbed, densely pubescent or glabrous, scabrid or ciliate on the margins, 18–100 cm. long, 0.5–4 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Peduncle mainly leafless, but with a few bract-like leaves just below the inflorescence, sharply angled or compressed and winged, glabrous, ciliate or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Inflorescence unbranched or with 1–2 condensed branches at the base, ± compact, elongated to subglobose, up to 12 cm. long; floral bracts dark brownish, ovate to broadly lanceolate, aristate, ciliate or glabrous on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Pedicels articulated below the middle, 8–15 mm. long and arcuate in fruit, 2–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Perianth white; tepals 9–11 mm. long, 5–9-veined, outer ones with dark blackish-red tips, scabrid on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments dilated at the middle, shorter to as long as the anthers, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Style declinate, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Capsule obovoid, shallowly 3-lobed to rounded-deltate in cross-section, transversely ridged, 6–8 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763612 morphology 1298A61D-B032-463E-BBB7-51556A971A5F Seeds irregularly folded, 1–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970978-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Plants tufted, 10–40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Rhizome short, horizontal, moniliform, covered with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots many, fibrous, slender, bearing tubers at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Leaves distichous, grass-like, linear, ciliate, rarely minutely pubescent, often with a purplish-pink tinge, up to 30 cm. long, 2–4 mm. wide; margins minutely scabrid to ciliate near the base; cataphylls with purple coloration, shortly ciliate on margins and veins, occasionally glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Peduncle terete, often purplish, glabrous, seldom minutely pubescent, up to 20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Inflorescence unbranched, with elongated internodes; floral bracts lanceolate, red, aristate, glabrous, up to 10 mm. long, ciliate or glabrous on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Pedicels articulated below the middle, often pinkish, up to 9 mm. long in fruit, 2-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Perianth open, star-shaped; tepals 10–13 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, (3–)5–7-veined, outer ones pinkish red, inner ones white with the keels pinkish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Stamens with radial symmetry, shorter than the perianth; filaments terete, 2–3 mm. long, equal to or shorter than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Filaments free or united with the perianth-segments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Ovary 3-locular, with many ovules per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Capsule ovoid to subglobose, sometimes with an emarginate apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000012578 morphology A55C0340-03F2-4F9F-BDEB-852C4576F5A0 Seeds black, most often flattened and winged with an approximately semicircular outline. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328185-2 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Plants slender to robust, usually flowering with the leaves, sometimes before urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Leaves filiform to lanceolate, glabrous, ciliate or pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Scape glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Inflorescence a raceme with 3-150 flowers; pedicels erect or ascending; bracts lanceolate to ovate, acuminate with filiform apex, never spurred urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Perianth-segments free, inner connivent to slightly spreading, outer slightly spreading, cream to greenish yellow, with a dorsal green band, apex cucullate with glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Filaments free, inner with an expanded base that clasps the ovary, other flattened or clasping the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Ovary 3-locular, with many ovules per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Capsule ovoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000001111 morphology 73951EAA-1CD0-4FD2-9772-1B109DC929AE Seeds black, flattened, semicircular. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23948-1 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Plants slender to robust, all parts glabrous, flowering with the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Leaves lanceolate to filiform, erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Scapes 1-3 per plant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Inflorescence a raceme with 2-300 flowers; pedicels erect or spreading at anthesis, erect in fruit; bracts lanceolate to ovate-acuminate, with filiform apex, never spurred urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Perianth-segments free, spreading, white or white with a dorsal green band, apex cucullate with glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Filaments free, white and flattened urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Ovary sessile or with a short carpophore, 3-locular, with many ovules per locule; style slender and as long as the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Capsules subglobose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000027188 morphology 177249D1-45EA-4BB6-86BC-D13BDFEFD116 Seeds black, irregularly flattened, outline sub- to semicircular. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000299-2 wfo-4000034397 morphology FA1098B9-9A75-464B-80B8-4640BAFAC60A Leaves usually one and narrowly linear, present only on young bulbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24742-1 wfo-4000034397 morphology FA1098B9-9A75-464B-80B8-4640BAFAC60A Inflorescence glabrous, hanging, prostrate or erect, branched, up to 35 cm.; bracts lanceolate, spurred urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24742-1 wfo-4000034397 morphology FA1098B9-9A75-464B-80B8-4640BAFAC60A Perianth-segments free, whitish, occasionally with a coloured midrib, cohering above when faded, circumscissile above, forming a cap on the developing capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24742-1 wfo-4000034397 morphology FA1098B9-9A75-464B-80B8-4640BAFAC60A Capsule ellipsoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24742-1 wfo-4000034397 morphology FA1098B9-9A75-464B-80B8-4640BAFAC60A Seeds black, flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24742-1 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Leaves 1-2, linear, perishing early urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Inflorescence glabrous, much branched, twining and climbing, up to several m. long; bracts narrowly triangular with a short spur urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Flowers pedicellate, white or yellow to green urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Perianth-segments free, triangular with a rounded apex, reflexed or spreading, persistent and reflexed in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Filaments free, narrowly triangular to filiform; anthers oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Ovary sessile, conical with many ovules in each locule; style slender, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Capsule ellipsoid with a pointed apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000005150 morphology 7FD6259F-953B-40FA-84D2-F49F79E186B1 Seeds black and shiny, elongated and flattened or irregularly shaped. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331153-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Trees or shrubs (rarely scandent shrubs fide F.F.N.R.: 58 (1962)) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Leaves sometimes subopposite, coriaceous, pinnately nerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Flowers hermaphrodite in axillary panicles, either dense, sessile and fascicle-like or lax and pedunculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Perianth-tube short; lobes 6, ± equal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Fertile stamens (6-)9 in (2-)3 rows of 3, those of the first and second rows not glandular and with introrse 2-thecous anthers, those of the third row with usually stipitate glands on either side at base of filaments and extrorse anthers (or reduced to staminodes); staminodes usually present as a fourth row, ovoid, cordate or sagittate, very shortly stipitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Ovary narrowed into the style urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000004320 morphology E1D41859-4141-47E3-B7F9-68A91BFBB7CF Fruit naked at the base, the perianth-tube deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330809-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Leaves alternate or occasionally subopposite, coriaceous, pinnately nerved or 3-nerved from near or at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Flowers hermaphrodite in subterminal or axillary panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Perianth-tube ovoid, turbinate or subcylindric, accrescent and constricted above after flowering; lobes in 2 whorls of 3, subequal, deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Fertile stamens in 3 whorls, those of the outer 2 whorls with introrse anthers, of the third inserted on the upper part of the perianth-tube and with extrorse anthers and filaments with 2 sessile or stipitate glands; anthers all 2-thecous; a fourth whorl of ovoid or sagittate staminodes, stipitate or attenuate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Ovary sessile, enclosed in the tube; style shortly exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000009873 morphology 304D2E6B-14F4-482D-AFAD-BE89F07802B0 Fruit globose or oblong, enclosed in the enlarged hardened or fleshy tube, smooth or ribbed; pericarp hard or membranous; testa membranous not or hardly separable from the pericarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330812-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Mostly dioecious or polygamous trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Leaves alternate, thin to coriaceous, glabrous or hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Flowers small, hermaphrodite or unisexual in axillary or subterminal panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Perianth with or without a tube; lobes 6 or 8, equal, usually deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Hermaphrodite flowers: stamens in 3 or 4 whorls, the outer 3 fertile the inner if present reduced to slender staminodes; anthers 4-thecous, introrse in two outer whorls, ± extrorse in third whorl; filaments very short or lacking, those of third whorl with a sessile or very rarely stipitate gland at each side at base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Ovary ovoid, ellipsoid or subglobose, longer or shorter than the style, usually glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Male flowers: similar but ovary sterile, stalk-like or lacking urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Female flowers: as in hermaphrodite flowers but stamens rudimentary, barren urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026514 morphology DB19EA16-A560-4794-9A75-B21F36FC1DE1 Fruits ellipsoid or globose, seated to enclosed in an enlarged cupular receptacle which is truncate or 6-toothed or 6-lobed from the persistent perianth-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325868-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Stamens 5(-8), inserted at or below the corolla-throat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Ovary with 5 basal glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Capsule indehiscent or irregularly rupturing urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Seeds round to oval, flattened or convex, smooth to tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Aquatic herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Stems long, petiole-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Leaves floating, shortly petioled, circular to ovate in outline, base with a narrow to wide sinus, margin entire, crenate or dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Flowers bisexual (in East Africa), solitary or fascicled at the nodes, subtended by a small bract, 5(-8)-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000026425 morphology 9E797532-E485-420C-A85D-8AC240FCE8CA Corolla white or yellow; lobes variously fimbriate; tube with short tufts of hairs ± halfway up urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013186-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Trees, shrubs or in a few cases suffrutices urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Leaves nearly always alternate, entire or obscurely crenulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Flowers usually in cymes or fascicles or solitary, unisexual the ♀ usually larger than the ♂ urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Calyx very variable, 3-8-lobed or entire and cupuliform, usually accrescent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Corolla 3-8-lobed, very variable urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Male flowers: stamens 2-100 or more, included or exserted, solitary or united in pairs or groups, free from or adnate to the corolla-tube; anthers dehiscent by means of longitudinal slits (in the Flora area); rudimentary ovary absent or well developed; disk well developed or not, often fimbriate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Female flowers: ovary globular, ovoid or conical, of 3-8 carpels, glabrous or hairy; carpels completely or incompletely partitioned; styles usually partly free, more rarely completely fused; stigma usually dilated and fleshy; staminodes variable, absent to well developed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Fruits usually 1-several-seeded berries urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000011857 morphology C30B2EA2-1C02-43F0-A757-4BC185756BE1 Seeds mostly ellipsoid or segment-shaped (like a 1/4 of an orange), rarely subglobose, with 2 radial lines leaving the summit; embryo straight or incurved in its own plane; radicle not encircled completely by an invagination of the testa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326017-2 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Trees, shrubs or subshrubs, dioecious,usually evergreen urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Leaves alternate, subopposite or subverticillate, coriaceous, entire or margin sometimes crenulate, often with scales beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Flowers usually in simple or branched raceme-like inflorescences or rarely solitary (not in our area), the male usually larger than the female urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Calyx 4-5-lobed, shallowly cyathiform or patelliform, not accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Corolla campanulate, 4-5- lobed (very shallowly 5-8-lobed in subgen. Rymia ) usually to beyond the middle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Stamens 10-30, basically 2 opposing and 2 alternating with each corolla-lobe but there are many modifications of this arrangement; anthers slightly exserted or at least clearly visible at the throat, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, usually strigulose, often dehiscing at first by large elliptical apical pores which later become longitudinal slits; filaments usually shorter than the anthers; rudimentary ovary usually very reduced, with or without styles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Disk fleshy, fimbriate, sometimes undulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Staminodes absent or very reduced in female flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Ovary globose, hairy or covered with peltate scales; locules usually 4-6 and 1-ovulate or occasionally 2-3, incompletely septate and 2-ovulate; styles 2-3, free or united below, often equalling the ovary, usually glabrous, ending in a slightly expanded bilobed stigmatic surface urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Fruit a 1(-3)-seeded globose berry up to 1 cm. diameter, mostly smaller, with thin mesocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000014120 morphology 592E3005-89D9-43C2-8976-D8169B0EE990 Seed subglobose with 3 radiating lines from the apex; embryo with cotyledons bent at right-angles to the radicle which is entirely surrounded by an invagination of the testa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14454-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Evergreen herbs with rhizomes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Leaves equitant, linear to lanceolate, distichous, crowded basally, usually a few also cauline urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Stems rounded to compressed and 2-sided, or strongly winged, simple or branched, bearing reduced leaves or leafless urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Inflorescences binate rhipidia (umbellate flower-clusters in 2 series, unless reduced to 1-2 flowers); the binate rhipidia 1-many, either terminal on the main and secondary axes or axillary, then stalked or sessile; spathes (enclosing the binate rhipidia) green or partly to entirely membranous or scarious, the margins entire, irregularly torn or fringed; floral bracts (within the spathes) membranous or scarious, entire, irregularly torn or fringed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Flowers frequently sessile, actinomorphic, blue, each lasting one morning only, the perianth twisting spirally on fading; tepals basally connate for 0.5-2 mm., usually subequal, lanceolate to obovate, spreading horizontally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Stamens erect, free; anthers oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Ovary ovoid to oblong and trigonous, usually included in the bracts; style filiform, eccentric, dividing apically into 3 short stigmatic-lobes, occasionally barely 3-fid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Capsules ovoid-ellipsoid to oblong-cylindric and usually 3-lobed (in some South African SPECIES 3-winged), sessile or stalked, the remains of the perianth usually persisting on the capsules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000003052 morphology FB35EBE1-8195-4494-A62F-659D4DE879F1 Seeds few-many per locule, rounded to angular (radially compressed in some South African SPECIES). urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20252-1 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Medium to large, perennial, evergreen herbs with a thick, creeping rhizome, persisting for several years urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Leaves several, ensiform, distichous, coriaceous, lanceolate, without a midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Stem usually erect, bearing leaves at lower nodes, persisting for more than one season, with sheathing leaves at the upper nodes; branching irregularly in upper half, or forming a divaricately branched panicle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Inflorescences terminal rhipidia (umbellate flower-clusters enclosed in paired opposed spathes), the spathes sheathing, coriaceous, the outer spathe smaller than the inner urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Flowers several per rhipidium, pedicellate, borne serially, the pedicels pubescent above, actinomorphic, Iris-like; tepals free, all broadly unguiculate, the limbs spreading, outer tepal-claws pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Filaments usually free, occasionally united below; anthers linear, appressed to the style-branch urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Style dividing shortly above the base into 3 broad petaloid branches opposed to the outer tepals, each branch terminating in a pair of erect petaloid appendages (crests); stigmas transverse, abaxial, below the base of the crests urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Capsules cartilaginous, often irregularly grooved or smooth, tardily dehiscent or indehiscent, erect or pendent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000011690 morphology AB37CCAA-536F-4098-9DDD-B8111FA72F30 Seeds irregularly angled, fairly large. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331187-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Seasonal perennials with tunicate corms urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Leaves few-several, the lower 2-3 entirely sheathing and membranous (cataphylls); foliage leaves usually bifacial and channelled, sometimes terete, 1-several, inserted on the lower part of the stem, cauline leaves shorter or entirely sheathing and bract-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Stem simple or branched (entirely subterranean in some South African SPECIES) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Inflorescences rhipidia (umbellate flower-clusters), single per branch or sometimes crowded terminally, each enclosed in a pair of opposed leafy bracts (spathes) concealing the buds urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Flowers Iris -like, radially symmetric, usually pedicellate, borne serially, usually blue or yellow with contrasting nectar guides on the outer tepals urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Tepals free (rarely united), the outer larger and strongly clawed, the limbs spreading to reflexed, the inner often erect, or spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Filaments partly to completely united around the style; anthers appressed to the style-branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Style filiform below, dividing into 3 flat, usually petaloid branches, these diverging and usually forked apically into 2 crests (crests occasionally lacking); stigma transverse and abaxial below the crests urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Seed basally attached within pericarp, encased in membranous skin, smooth, brown with light flecks (in herbarium material). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000667040 morphology B17DA330-EE86-4F27-B2BE-791258040B7C Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:588508-1 wfo-0000544145 morphology D68AE82B-3086-4552-A71D-BB30659F1EE5 Has petiolate lanceolate distinctly punctate leaves with crisped slightly revolute margins, reaching 7 cm. long in cultivated material. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586896-1 wfo-0000544145 morphology D68AE82B-3086-4552-A71D-BB30659F1EE5 The calyx-lobes are ovate and the white flowers which reach 8 mm. in diameter have ovate acute corolla-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586896-1 wfo-0000544145 morphology D68AE82B-3086-4552-A71D-BB30659F1EE5 The filaments are almost obsolete and the anthers mucronate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586896-1 wfo-0000544820 morphology 7F80D5EB-1F08-4AD3-AF80-803E8C93BE30 The leaves are subsessile, decurrent oblanceolate and entire, reaching 19 cm. long in cultivated material. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:18261-2 wfo-0000544820 morphology 7F80D5EB-1F08-4AD3-AF80-803E8C93BE30 The calyx-lobes are oblong, and the pink, red or purple flowers, which attain 9 mm. in diameter, have ovate obtuse corolla-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:18261-2 wfo-0000544820 morphology 7F80D5EB-1F08-4AD3-AF80-803E8C93BE30 The anthers in this species dehisce by apical pores, but I suspect that the pores expand into longitudinal slits as the anthers age. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:18261-2 wfo-0000544456 morphology B619771F-B58D-4F6C-AE3D-31FEABE08B4C Is immediately distinguishable from the previous three species (i.e. A. crispa, A. elliptica and A. opegrapha) by its large leafy speckled bracts and sepals, the latter are ovate, 10 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, with conspicuous venation and they completely conceal the unopened flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587105-1 wfo-0000544456 morphology B619771F-B58D-4F6C-AE3D-31FEABE08B4C The mature flower attains 19 mm. in diameter and the obovate leaves reach a length of 14.6 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587105-1 wfo-0000544456 morphology B619771F-B58D-4F6C-AE3D-31FEABE08B4C The anthers dehisce by longitudinal slits. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587105-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Bush, undershrub or small tree 0.9-2.4 m. tall; young growth ferruginous hairy, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Leaves alternate; leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 8.5-19.4 cm. long, 3.1-6.3 cm. wide, acute or acuminate to long-acuminate, cuneate, margin slightly recurved, appearing thickened, irregularly crenulate to serrate or sometimes almost entire in W. Africa, membranous, glabrous except for ferruginous hairs along midrib, punctate on both surfaces; main nerves distinct, 8-13(-17) on either side of midrib; petiole grooved above, 4-12 mm. long, ferruginous hairy when young, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Inflorescence at nodes below leaves or axillary, with clusters of 2-5 pedicellate flowers on short stout peduncles, clothed with many minute scale-like bracts which are densely ferruginous hairy, lanceolate, acuminate, minutely ciliate and± 2.5 mm. long; pedicels 2.5-14 mm. long, slender, expanded towards apex, glabrous or minutely sparsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Flower hermaphrodite or female,(4-)5(-6)-merous; buds long-triangular, pointed, with contorted petal-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Calyx cup-shaped, up to 2.5 mm. long, usually with dark markings, glabrous; tube±1 mm. long; lobes ovate and acute to rounded and obtuse with minutely ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Corolla white, pinkish white, pink or pink with red spots, up to 5 mm. long; tube less than 1 mm. long; lobes spreading in fully-expanded flower, ovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Stamens exserted; filaments±1 mm. long, united at base; anthers dorsifixed, punctate dorsally or not, erect, triangular, mucronate, at first forming an upright cone in the centre of the flower, 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Ovary ± globose, minutely ferruginous hairy or glabrous; placenta obovoid, broader than long, apiculate; style longer than stamens, jointed at base or not, scurfy, with or without dark spots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Fruit globose, pendent, yellow-red with raised dark spots, 5-7 mm. in diameter, with persistent calyx and style-base, glabrous, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Seed 4-5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000545220 morphology 3C981B36-0739-467E-81CE-DB1FFF7F3D7D Fig. 5 urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:587627-1 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Stems up to 150 cm. long, up to 2 mm. in diameter, mostly armed with spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Leaves 3.6-65 mm. long, fleshy, acute, 1.1-5.7 mm. wide including teeth on both sides (or 0.4-2.5 mm. excluding the teeth); margin on each side serrulated with (0-)4-17(-40) conspicuous spiny teeth on broad triangular excrescences, the spine-cell resting upon several elongate brown cells; teeth up to 2 mm. long, the ratio of teeth-length to leaf-width being 0.4-2.5; abaxial side of midrib with (0-)2-8(-40) spines, similar to those on the margin and on the stem; septa and fibres always absent; sheath 1.5-5 × 1-5.5 mm. (ratio = 0.4-1.2), rounded, entire or serrulated with 1(-3) spine-cells on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Inflorescences axillary, solitary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Male flower 2-5 (including spathe-neck) × 0.8-3 mm.; neck of the spathe 0.5-1 mm., tapering at the top, bearing brownish spine-cells at the apex; inner envelope protruding 0.2-0.7 mm. above the anther; anther 1.2-4 × 0.7-2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Female 2-5 mm. long; ovary 1-3.5 × 0.3-1.9 mm.; style and stigma 0.3-1.6 mm.; stigma (2-)3(-4)-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Fruit with persistent membranous pericarp and remnants of style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769531 morphology BA120EEA-F065-4B8A-B31B-F065ABD3B512 Seed ovate, slightly asymmetrical, 1.9-7.5 mm. × 0.8-3.3 mm. (ratio = 1.2-3.5); testa pitted with areoles, arranged irregularly; areoles irregular in shape and dimensions. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Stems unarmed, up to 100 cm. long, 0.4-2 mm. in diameter, often bushy above because of the curved leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Leaves 3.2-20(-29) mm. long, flat, bulky or fleshy, acute, linear-lanceolate, 0.56-2.40(-3.22) mm. wide including teeth on both sides (0.16-)0.24-1(-1.6) mm. wide excluding teeth; margin on each side serrulated with (2-)5-12(-16) conspicuous spiny teeth on broad to very broad triangular excrescences; teeth 0.15-1.38 mm. long, the ratio of teeth-length to leaf-width being (0.35-)0.55-1.57(-3.08); midrib without spines; septa clearly visible; fibres absent; sheath rounded or sloping, (1.21-)1.5-2.3(-3.87) mm. (including spine-cells) × (1.1-)1.46-2.68(-5.8) mm. (ratio = 0.5-1.4), serrulate or lacerate with 1-15 spine-cells on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Male and ♀ flowers solitary, generally on different branches (? different plants). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Male flower 1.3-2.9(-3.5) (including spathe-neck) × 0.32-1.2 mm.; the neck of the spathe 0.32-0.72 mm., tapering at the top, bearing brownish spine-cells on the apex; inner envelope protruding 0.16-0.4 mm. above the anther; anther 0.88-2.3 × 0.55-1.2 mm., tetrasporangiate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Female flower naked, (1.3-)2-3(-4.2) mm. long; ovary 0.5-2.4 × 0.2-0.9 mm.; style and stigma 0.64-1.77 mm.; stigma 2-3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Fruit with persistent membranous pericarp and style-remnants. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769510 morphology 774BFE09-31B3-4CBE-94E2-29E9E253BB65 Seed elliptic-oblong, 1.6-3.2 × 0.48-0.84 mm. (ratio = 3.2-4.2); areoles squarish, rectangular or seldom hexagonal, 0.05-0.1 mm. long, regularly arranged in longitudinal rows of (18-)25-35(-40). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603018-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Stems unarmed, ± 0.5 mm. in diameter, often plumose above because of the closely packed leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Leaves (6.5-)11.8-32 mm. long, flat, acute, linear-lanceolate (0.26-)0.42-0.72(-1.1) mm. wide including teeth on both sides, (0.24-0.53(-0.87) mm. wide excluding teeth); margin on each side minutely serrulate with inconspicuous spiny teeth, mainly consisting of the brownish spine-cell or serrulate with 7-30 conspicuous spiny teeth on broad triangular excrescences; teeth (0.05-)0.09-0.14 mm. long, the ratio of teeth-length to leaf-width being 0.13-0.3(-0.5); midrib without spiny teeth; septa absent or clearly visible; fibres absent or present on margin and/or near midrib; sheath (1.3-)1.9-2.4(-2.9), (including auricle and spine-cells) × (1.37-)2.6(-3.22) mm. (ratio = 0.8-1.6), truncate to auriculate, the auricle 0.24-0.96 mm. long (including spine-cells) and 0.2-1 mm. wide (ratio = 0.75-1.74), serrulate or lacerate with 2-8 spine-cells on each side; apex of the auricle rather obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Male and ♀ flowers generally on different branches, solitary or several together, each at the very base of a (sometimes very short) axillary shoot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Male flower (1.2-)1.9-2.5 (including spathe-neck) × 0.4-1 mm., the neck of the spathe ± 0.6 mm., tapering at the top, bearing brownish spine-cells on the apex; inner envelope protruding 0.16-0.32 mm. above the anther; anther 1-2.4 × 0.36-1 mm., tetrasporangiate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Female flower enclosed in a spathe, (1.1-)1.5-3 (including spathe-neck) × 0.4-0.6 mm., the neck of the spathe about halfway along the style, bearing no brownish spine-cells on the apex; ovary 0.5-1(-1.77) × (0.3-)0.6 mm.; style and stigma 0.8-1.3 mm.; stigma 2-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Fruit with persistent membranous pericarp and remnants of style and spathe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769588 morphology 5E1D7A95-00DC-4965-9B8A-7D099A51E194 Seed elliptic-oblong to ovate, (1.85-)2-2.3(-2.6) × (0.4-)0.56-0.79 mm. (ratio = (2.3-)3.1-3.8); areoles 0.11-0.23 mm. long, irregularly arranged in longitudinal rows of 10-14(-23); cell-walls raised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603073-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Stems unarmed, ± 0.5 mm. in diameter, often plumose above because of the closely packed leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Leaves 9.9-23.6 mm. long, flat, acute, linear-lanceolate, (0.24-)0.6-1 mm. wide including teeth on both sides (0.16-)0.32-0.43 mm. wide excluding teeth; margin on each side serrulate with 6-16 conspicuous spiny teeth on small triangular excrescences; teeth (0.04-)0.12-0.31 mm. long, the ratio of teeth-length to leaf-width being (0.2-)0.3-0.8; midrib without spiny teeth; septa absent or clearly visible; fibres absent or present on margin and/or near midrib; sheath 1.13-2.1 (including auricle and spine-cells) × 1.29-1.8 mm. (ratio = 0.9-1.4), truncate to auriculate, the auricle 0.1-0.5 mm. long (including spine-cells) and 0.2-0.6 mm. wide (ratio = 0.6-1.5), serrulate or lacerate with 1-7 spine-cells on each side; apex of the auricle rather obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Male and female flowers generally on different branches, solitary or several together, each at the very base of a (sometimes very short) axillary shoot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Male flower 1.2-1.5(-2) mm. (including spathe-neck) × 0.3-0.65 mm., the neck of the spathe ± 0.2-0.3 mm., tapering at the top, bearing brownish spine-cells on the apex; inner envelope protruding ± 0.1 mm. above the anther; anther 0.73-0.81 × 0.27-0.32 mm., unisporangiate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Female flower enclosed in a spathe, 1.16-1.53(-2) mm. (including spathe-neck) × 0.3-0.65 mm., the neck of the spathe about halfway along the style, with or without brownish spine-cells on the apex; ovary 0.65-0.88 × 0.2-0.37 mm.; style and stigma 0.64-1.1 mm.; stigma 2-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Fruit with persistent membranous pericarp and remnants of style and spathe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000769575 morphology 99541206-3EC8-445D-A044-E38737BB7010 Seed elliptic-oblong to ovate, (1.13-)1.3-1.45(-1.61) × (0.48-)0.64 mm. (ratio = 2-3.2); areoles 0.1-0.16 mm. long irregularly arranged in longitudinal rows of (9-)11-13(-15); cell-walls raised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603060-1 wfo-0000731249 use 59955F21-6DFC-49FD-88BB-7C6679A0202B From Asia is cultivated on Pemba I., for use in thatching and weaving, and for its fragrant male inflorescences; this species has also been cultivated at Amani. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671281-1 wfo-0000731249 morphology 59955F21-6DFC-49FD-88BB-7C6679A0202B It has long (up to 6 mm.) white marginal prickles, and belongs in section Pandanus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671281-1 wfo-0000730743 morphology 34C734B5-A171-4430-8093-E2D8A7515EF1 Tree, 4-15 m. tall; trunk unarmed or with a few blunt knobs, with smooth, dark grey bark; stilt-roots often absent in younger trees, to 2 m. high and 4 cm. in diameter, with sharp spines to 3 mm. long, these in longitudinal rows. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671096-1 wfo-0000730743 morphology 34C734B5-A171-4430-8093-E2D8A7515EF1 Leaves linear, 90-150(-300) cm. long, 4.7-6.6 cm. wide, clasping the stem at the base, attenuate at the apex, with (greenish-) white marginal teeth; teeth near the base l-3(-4) mm. long, 2-13 mm. apart, diminishing in size towards the leaf-apex; midrib-teeth 1-3 mm. long, pointing towards the leaf-apex, usually fewer than the marginal teeth; ventral pleats unarmed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671096-1 wfo-0000730743 morphology 34C734B5-A171-4430-8093-E2D8A7515EF1 Male inflorescences 20-64 cm. long, with 9-12 spadices, the individual spadices ellipsoid, to 10 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide; lowermost bracts green, resembling the leaves, spiny on the margins but not on the midrib, up to 50 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, diminishing in size to the uppermost bracts which are cream in colour and maybe as small as 5 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, with minute marginal spines; stamens racemose, the individual racemes ± 1 cm. long, the anthers apiculate and 2-4.5 mm. long; filaments 0.3-1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671096-1 wfo-0000730743 morphology 34C734B5-A171-4430-8093-E2D8A7515EF1 Female inflorescences unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671096-1 wfo-0000730743 morphology 34C734B5-A171-4430-8093-E2D8A7515EF1 Fruit-peduncle 15-40 cm. long and up to 2.5 cm. in diameter, heads solitary, with bracts 40-65 cm. long; syncarps almost round, 8-18 cm. long and 5-16 cm. across, with up to 38 phalanges; phalanges 5-11 (-14)-locular, yellow-brown to orange when ripe, with shoulders weakly developed or none; grooves between carpels (2-)5-10 mm. deep. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671096-1 wfo-0000730743 morphology 34C734B5-A171-4430-8093-E2D8A7515EF1 Fig. 1/1 and 2/1-5, p. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671096-1 wfo-0000721597 morphology 8B8D5C2C-D492-4CED-AAFC-94F895C9F143 Tree 3-20 m. tall; trunk up to 25 cm. in diameter, with buff-coloured bark, beset with sharp conic spines 2-7 mm. long; stilt-roots to 2 m. high in mature trees in swampy sites, but much less when growing on limestone, brown, with small conical spines in longitudinal rows; branches covered with marcescent leaf-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671402-1 wfo-0000721597 morphology 8B8D5C2C-D492-4CED-AAFC-94F895C9F143 Leaves breaking and pendent for the distal one-third, 120-400 cm. long, (1.3-)5-16 cm. wide, clasping at the base, attenuate at the apex, olive-green above, paler green below; marginal spines 2-5 mm. long, 5-13(-33) mm. apart; spines on midrib almost as many as the margin, 2-3 mm. long, usually pointing towards the base in the proximal half of the leaf, pointing towards the apex in the distal half of the leaf; sometimes those midrib-spines in a double row set 5 mm. apart on a raised midrib, occasionally the abaxial pleats with a few minute teeth distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671402-1 wfo-0000721597 morphology 8B8D5C2C-D492-4CED-AAFC-94F895C9F143 Male inflorescences white, 12-30 cm. long; individual spadices to 14 × 2.5 cm., 5-6 in number; lowermost bract whitish, the proximal ones as large as 67 × 5.5 cm., the distal ones as small as 11 × 1.7 cm., with minute marginal spines; stamens subumbellate, often with 2 tiers of umbels, the stalks 5-10.5 mm. long, each bearing 5-8 anthers; filaments 0.5-1 mm. long; anthers linear, rounded at the apex, 1.8-2 mm. long, spirally contorted after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671402-1 wfo-0000721597 morphology 8B8D5C2C-D492-4CED-AAFC-94F895C9F143 Female inflorescences unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671402-1 wfo-0000721597 morphology 8B8D5C2C-D492-4CED-AAFC-94F895C9F143 Fruit-peduncle to 75 cm. long and 2.5 cm. in diameter, not quite pendent, with 2-7 syncarps; syncarps red, ellipsoid, 7-20 cm. long, 5.5-12 cm. across, almost sessile; phalanges 30-84 per syncarp, (2-)4-6-locular; pileus 5-20 mm. high, (10-)15-35 mm. across; lower phalange 15-30 mm. high; stigmas 1.5-2 mm. wide, reniform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671402-1 wfo-0000721597 morphology 8B8D5C2C-D492-4CED-AAFC-94F895C9F143 Fig.l/2,p.3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:671402-1 wfo-0000726962 morphology 733B70D9-CCB1-43B1-B8CB-112BDDBF5051 Tree, 7-15 m. high with a diameter of 10-50 cm.; bark grey or brown, with conical spines; stilt-roots numerous, 50-100 cm. high, 5-7 cm. across, with sharp spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:670834-1 wfo-0000726962 morphology 733B70D9-CCB1-43B1-B8CB-112BDDBF5051 Leaves in twisted dichotomous arrangements, 135-270 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide and clasping at base, with marginal spines 3.2-5 mm. long, 6-16(-30) mm. apart; spines on midrib 2-35 mm. long, fewer or as numerous as the marginal ones, pointed towards the base in the basal half of the leaf, and towards the apex in the apical half of the leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:670834-1 wfo-0000726962 morphology 733B70D9-CCB1-43B1-B8CB-112BDDBF5051 Male inflorescences 14-26 cm. long, with 4-6 spathes, each of these 7-11 cm. long and 14-20 mm. across; lower bract 10.5 × 3.15 cm., uppermost bract 4.5 × 0.6 cm., spiny on midrib and margins; stamens subumbellate, with 6-8 stamens per umbel, on a common stalk (3-)5-8 mm. long; filaments (0.6-) 1.5-5.3 mm. long; anthers apiculate, 1.8-2.8 × 0.7-0.8 mm., with an equal to slightly unequal base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:670834-1 wfo-0000726962 morphology 733B70D9-CCB1-43B1-B8CB-112BDDBF5051 Female inflorescences unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:670834-1 wfo-0000726962 morphology 733B70D9-CCB1-43B1-B8CB-112BDDBF5051 Syncarps on a 25-35 cm. long peduncle with scars of 8 bracts, 19(30-38 fide I.T.U.) cm. long, 8-9 (15-20 fide I.T.U.) cm, across, somewhat trigonous, with over 1000 phalanges; bract to 65 × 3.4 cm., spiny on midrib and margins; phalanges l(-2)-locular, with a pileus 4-6 mm. high and 7-10 mm. across, and a lower phalange 25-40 mm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:670834-1 wfo-0000726962 morphology 733B70D9-CCB1-43B1-B8CB-112BDDBF5051 Fig. 1/3, p. 3 and 2/6, p. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:670834-1 wfo-0000723988 morphology 9896FDCB-2297-4AC5-885A-0B0619E40EEB Tree, 9-15 m. high, sparsely branched, with the leaves closely set at branch-apices; trunk to 20 cm. across; wood light, fibrous; bark light brown, with conical spines 5-12 mm. long and with horizontal leaf-scars, enveloping the stem for two-thirds; stilt-roots 100-200 cm. high, to 9 cm. across, with sharp conic spines set in vertical bands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974020-1 wfo-0000723988 morphology 9896FDCB-2297-4AC5-885A-0B0619E40EEB Leaves 40-230 cm. long, 3-13 cm. wide just above the base, clasping the stem at the base, gradually narrowing towards the flagelliform apex; marginal teeth 3-5 mm. long, 2-13 mm. apart, reddish brown at their apex; teeth on midrib 1-2 mm. long, pointing towards the leaf-apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974020-1 wfo-0000723988 morphology 9896FDCB-2297-4AC5-885A-0B0619E40EEB Male inflorescences with 5-6 spikes, the individual spikes 45-60 × 22-30 mm.; bracts resembling the leaves but much widened just above the base, the lowermost up to 32 cm. long and 6 cm. wide, the uppermost ± 4 cm. long and 2 cm. wide; stamens borne in groups of 5-6 on a common stalk in a cymose to subumbellate arrangement; filaments 2.5-4 mm. long; anthers 2.2-3 × 1 mm.; central pistillode absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974020-1 wfo-0000723988 morphology 9896FDCB-2297-4AC5-885A-0B0619E40EEB Female inflorescences unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974020-1 wfo-0000723988 morphology 9896FDCB-2297-4AC5-885A-0B0619E40EEB Fruits syncarpous, in infructescences with 1-5 cephalia; peduncle not quite pendent, trigonous, ± 35 cm. long; each syncarp broadly ovoid, somewhat trigonous, 7-11 × 6-10 cm., with 350-800 phalanges. Phalanges l(-3)-locular, with a pyramidal pileus 4-7 mm. high, 7-16 mm. across and a lower pyrene 20-25 mm. long; stigma reniform-rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974020-1 wfo-0000723988 morphology 9896FDCB-2297-4AC5-885A-0B0619E40EEB Fig. 1/4, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974020-1 wfo-0000714461 use 1FFA08EA-5778-480E-AE61-FB9E95A4E41F Is a small tree, native of Australia, planted as a wind-break or boundary hedge or as an ornamental, particularly on tea estates in Tanzania. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:704322-1 wfo-0000714461 morphology 1FFA08EA-5778-480E-AE61-FB9E95A4E41F It has Eucalyptus -like linear-elliptic leaves, 7-12 × 0.6-1.3 cm., clusters of small cream or yellow flowers in the leaf-axils and warty woody fruits with a short blunt beak. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:704322-1 wfo-0000714466 morphology 36ED2E11-E019-41F1-B144-ACD6803ED4F2 Also native of Australia, is a small tree with needle leaves ± 3 × 0.1 cm., also planted on tea estates in Tanzania. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:704327-1 wfo-0000709544 morphology 40BFA94F-6682-4063-848E-DC14E2A8A188 Tree up to 30 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50798-3 wfo-0000709544 morphology 40BFA94F-6682-4063-848E-DC14E2A8A188 Leaves up to 35 cm. long, pinnate with up to 22 alternate or subopposite pinnae, the pinnae with 1-several linear or linear-oblong acute lobes to deeply pinnatifid or pinnate with up to 16 lobes or pinnules, glabrous above, closely appressed pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50798-3 wfo-0000709544 morphology 40BFA94F-6682-4063-848E-DC14E2A8A188 Inflorescence with main axis up to 24 cm. long, usually with several simple lateral branches from near the base, appressed pubescent towards the base but glabrous distally; pedicels 9-15 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50798-3 wfo-0000709544 morphology 40BFA94F-6682-4063-848E-DC14E2A8A188 Perianth 7-10 mm., glabrous, bright yellow to orange or reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50798-3 wfo-0000709544 morphology 40BFA94F-6682-4063-848E-DC14E2A8A188 Fruits ±15 ×10 mm., blackish, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50798-3 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Shrub or small tree up to 10 m. high, usually spreading and somewhat crooked in habit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Branchlets stout, at first densely tomentose and somewhat villose, later tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Leaves mid-green, older ones turning orange, leathery, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, up to 21 cm. long and 9 cm. broad, typically a little more than twice as long as broad but variable, apex ± acute or obtuse, base cuneate, venation prominent, midrib especially so beneath, glabrous above when mature or pubescent towards the base, pubescent ± all over the lower surface, variable, with longish curly spreading hairs; petiole short and stout, 0.5-1.2 cm. long, pubescent with curly spreading hairs plus some long straight ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Spikes up to 22(-27) cm. long, usually terminal; peduncle stout, densely tomentose or tomentellous and sometimes with some long spreading straight hairs near the base; bracts at base of peduncle up to 7 mm. long, somewhat persistent, narrowly attenuated to apex, villose outside; bracts subtending flowers usually shorter and broader. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Perianth pinkish, greenish near apex, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, densely pubescent to tomentellous with whitish hairs outside, sometimes with a few long straight hairs inside the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Anthers 3-3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Hypogynous scales broadly triangular, 1-1.5 mm. long, acute or ± cuneate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686021 morphology 3EBD73DF-9352-4735-AA03-81B7B8754AA6 Fig. 1/10, p. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703642-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Small to medium-sized tree up to 17 m. high, usually with a slender ± straight trunk to first branch. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Young branchlets light brown with a grey appressed pubescence, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Leaves glaucous green, upper surface sometimes slightly shining, lanceolate-elliptic or narrowly lanceolate-elliptic, sometimes slightly falcate, up to 16 cm. long and rarely more than 3-3.5 cm. broad, usually 5-6 times as long as broad, acute at apex with a mucronate tip, tapering towards the base with a distinct petiole up to 1.5 cm. long; midrib distinctly visible above but not prominent, on lower surface yellow and prominent, but secondary venation not obviously visible; surfaces entirely glabrous above except when very young, entirely glabrous beneath or sometimes with a few minute appressed hairs towards the base of the lamina; petioles pink or red, mostly glabrous or with minute appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Spikes up to 12 cm. long, terminal; peduncle pubescent with greyish hairs; bracts deltoid, puberulous to pubescent Perianth pink in bud, pale green when expanded but pinkish and brownish at base and apex of tube respectively, 1.2 cm. long, tube with a slightly bulbous tip in bud 3-4 mm. long, pubescent without with greyish appressed hairs, densely so when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Anthers 2.5-3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Hypogynous scales variable, ovate-triangular, 1-1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686024 morphology 6C04CC0F-AE81-4042-AC23-2016F936BED1 Fig. 1/9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703643-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Tree up to 35 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Young branchlets reddish and rusty pubescent, becoming brown and glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Leaves bright glossy green, concolorous, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, up to 20 cm. long, 3.5 cm. broad, apex mucronate, ± cuneate at base, margins undulate; young leaves with red midrib and red secondary venation, older leaves with yellow midrib prominent beneath; leaves entirely glabrous except for a few grey hairs near the base when young; petioles (0.5-)l-1.5 cm. long, semiterete, with grey appressed hairs when young, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Spikes up to 13 cm. long, terminal or in the axils of the upper leaves; peduncle densely rusty pubescent; bracts cupuliform, very small, rusty pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Perianth white or yellowish, 1-1.1 cm. long, rather clavate below, becoming slender towards the middle and then becoming slightly clavate again near the tip, densely rusty pubescent in bud, retaining short rusty or golden appressed hairs when expanded but not densely covered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Anthers 1-1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Hypogynous scales small, triangular, narrowly attenuated to the apex, 1-2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686030 morphology DD40B56A-681F-4E4A-A12E-EB4D11F265F1 Fig. 1/1-5, p. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703646-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Medium to large tree, up to 30 m. in height. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Branchlets green and glabrous, older branches dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Leaves glossy green above, paler green beneath, not glaucous, elliptic-lanceolate to broadly elliptic, up to 19 cm. long and 5 cm. broad, but more usually in the region of 13 × 3-4 cm., apex acute and mucronate, decurrent at base or sometimes with a very short petiole; midrib prominent beneath, ± flat with lamina above, base of midrib may be reddish, otherwise yellowish along its length; leaves almost glabrous on both surfaces, nearly always a few long weak hairs present towards base on the lower surface on the midrib and sometimes near the base of the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Spikes dense, up to 12 cm. long, terminal; peduncle puberulous to pubescent with whitish appressed hairs; bracts deltoid and cupuliform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Perianth pale yellow-green, 1 cm. long, conspicuously upwardly curved, becoming rather bulbous towards the apex, puberulous to pubescent outside with whitish appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Anthers 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686010 morphology C21B64FC-E393-4DA1-8E57-74F727679E89 Hypogynous scales triangular, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703631-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Shrub or small tree up to 15 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Branchlets densely covered in short grey hairs plus some long weak spreading hairs when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Leaves broadly lanceolate, often slightly curved, up to 16 cm. long and 4.5 cm. broad, usually smaller, ± 3 times as long as broad, apex acute and mucronate, suddenly contracted at the base, ± decurrent or with a very short petiole usually less than 0.5 cm. long; venation slightly prominent on both surfaces; upper surface with appressed grey hairs towards the base, glabrescent, undersurface with short appressed hairs on the lamina especially towards the base, plus longer and often spreading grey hairs near the base and on the short thick petiole. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Spikes or racemes up to 11 cm. long, mostly terminal, sometimes axillary; pedicels usually small if present, 0.1-0.2(-0.6) cm. long; peduncle densely pilose; bracts deltoid and pilose without; bracts at base of peduncle somewhat persistent, elongated-triangular, attenuated towards the apex, 0.35 cm. long, densely pilose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Perianth pale greenish yellow or cream, up to 1.3 cm. long, tube becoming slightly bulbous towards the apex, densely covered in grey appressed hairs outside when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Anthers ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Hypogynous scales triangular, narrowly attenuated to the apex, 1.5(-2) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686004 morphology 83B53480-3600-411B-8578-0070C9C8DCA6 Fig. 1/6-8, p. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703627-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Small tree up to 10 m. high, with a rounded or pyramidal crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Young branchlets densely grey-pubescent, with some spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Leaves shining above, paler and greyish beneath, ± lanceolate, up to 12.5 cm. long and 3.2 cm. wide, 3-4 times as long as broad, tapering to an acute apex with a mucronate tip and tapering to a ± decurrent base; venation clearly visible on both surfaces, secondary veins subparallel and connected by intramarginal loops; surface glabrous above except for a dense covering of spreading hairs on the base of the midrib, lower surface with short appressed hairs becoming denser towards the base, also with longer spreading grey hairs towards the base especially on the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Spikes dense, up to 15 cm. long, terminal; peduncle somewhat ridged, densely pubescent/tomentose; bracts subtending flowers very small, cupuliform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Perianth greenish cream to whitish, ± 9 mm. long, pubescent without with appressed hairs becoming denser towards the shortly bulbous apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Anthers 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000686015 morphology F32609CB-6496-444B-9D94-AFFF7F12CB35 Hypogynous scales deltoid, less than 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703636-1 wfo-0000484720 morphology 6070523D-A3D6-4BF4-B22F-8ACE60402F85 Branching shrub or small tree 1-4(-5) m. high, with main stem up to 12 cm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705934-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Tall tree with spreading crown, height up to 35 m., with long straight cylindrical or slightly fluted bole; bark grey-brown, rough and finely fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Young shoots subglabrous, usually with pale raised lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Petioles l–3(–4.3) cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Leaf-lamina elliptic to oblanceolate, rarely ± obovate, (5-)8–17(–20) cm. long, (l.6-)3–6.3 cm. wide, upper third of leaf tapering to acuminate apex (especially in crown leaves), rarely acute or ± obtuse, narrowly to broadly cuneate, thinly coriaceous, dull green above, greyish-green beneath with a sparse indumentum of minute closely appressed hairs; lateral nerves ascending, finely raised, looped near margin, intracostal veins present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Flowers 1–6, congested in axils of current leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Pedicels stiffly erect or horizontal, 8–12 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Calyx up to 5 mm. long, ± densely pubescent; lobes fused at base forming a cupular structure up to 2 mm. long; outer lobes ovate, up to 3 mm. wide; inner lobes slightly smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Corolla pale yellow; tube 1.5–2 mm. long; outer lobes narrowly lanceolate, up to 5.5 mm. long; median lobe elliptic, up to 5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Filaments 2.5–3 mm. long; anthers up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Staminodes narrowly oblong to ligulate, up to 2 mm. long, apex with 1–3 (usually 2) slender laciniate processes up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Ovary depressed globose, pubescent, 10–12-locular; style 6–8 mm. long, with a base ± swollen and pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Fruits subglobose, up to 3 cm. in diameter, glabrous, with milky pulp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235833 morphology A769A04A-1F6F-45BB-9BBF-6EBC8140F61A Seed shiny brown, ± obovoid and flattened, 1.3–1.7 cm. long, 7–8.5 mm. wide; hilum lateral, oblique and extending to base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787602-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Medium-sized to tall tree with long clean and slightly fluted bole and buttressed base, height up to 35 m.; bark pale grey to dark brownish-grey, fissured and rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Young branchlets (from crown) deep purplish-brown with pale lenticels, glabrous. Scars of fallen leaves prominent, sometimes raised and peg-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Leaves clustered towards apices of branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Petioles 5–18 mm. long, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Leaf-lamina thinly to thickly coriaceous, obovate (rarely obovate-oblong), 3–10(–17) cm. long, l.6–5.5(–7.2) cm. wide, apex rounded or emarginate, rarely subacute, cuneate; upper surface fresh green, glabrous, lower surface paler, drying to a brownish-grey, appearing glabrescent; primary lateral nerves raised, arcuate, very fine and hairlike. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Flowers fascicled in axils of older or fallen leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Pedicels 4–10 mm. long, with appressed brownish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Calyx-lobes slightly connate at base; outer lobes ± ovate to ovate-oblong, up to 6 mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide, with brownish pubescence externally; inner lobes slightly narrower and with little pubescence externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Corolla white; tube ±1.5 mm. long; lobes trifid; outer segments linear-lanceolate, up to 5 mm. long; median segment narrowly elliptic, up to 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Stamen-filaments up to 3.5 mm. long, flattened; anthers up to 2.5 mm. long; staminodes oblong to ± linear, irregularly laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Ovary subglobose, densely pilose, 9–11-locular; style up to 6 mm. long; stigma minutely papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Fruits incompletely known, yellow when ripe, said to be edible, obovoid to subglobose, up to 2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD Mature seed not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235942 morphology 657E4C0A-03E7-406D-A052-4641009111FD The species as here accepted is widespread and includes a number of smaller geographical segregates. Characters such as degree of laciniation and number of segments of staminodes, and minor differences in leaf-size, which previously have been used to distinguish species, have proved impossible to work within the range of material now available. The tree yields a useful timber, known as Nkunya in Uganda, which is very hard and durable in the ground (see Uganda For. Dept. Timber Leaflet No. 3). A single sterile gathering from the E. Usambara Mts. may possibly extend the species range into E. Tanganyika (see under imperfectly known species No. 1, page 73). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787681-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Small to medium tree, height up to 30 m., with rough dark grey or blackish bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Terminal buds, young shoots and petioles glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Petioles 0.5–1.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Leaf-lamina oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, up to 9.5(–11) cm. long, 4.5(–5.3) cm. wide, apex rounded and slightly emarginate or rarely shortly acuminate, broadly to narrowly cuneate, coriaceous; upper surface deep green with reticulum of very fine veins, lower surface silvery-grey with dense indumentum of minute closely appressed regularly arranged hairs sometimes brownish on midrib and main nerves or midrib glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Flowers axillary, usually in clusters of 4–6 in axils of current leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Pedicels 3–10 mm. long, with brown pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Calyx-lobes connate near base; outer lobes ovate or ovate-oblong, 4.5–6 mm. long, 3–3.7 mm. wide, with brown pubescence externally; inner lobes slightly smaller and with less pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Corolla yellow; tube ±1.5 mm. long; lobes trifid, or entire in ♀ flowers; two outer segments ± lanceolate, up to 4 mm. long; median segment ± elliptic, up to 5 mm. long, tapering to narrow basal attachment. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Fertile stamens 6–12; filaments up to 3.5 mm. long; anthers up to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Staminodes truncate or subulate, ± 1 mm. long, or sometimes filament-like and then up to 3.5 mm. long, irregularly denticulate or with few long teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Ovary depressed globose, pilose; style up to 4 mm. long; stigma simple or sometimes 6-papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Fruit ovoid or ± ellipsoid, up to 1.3 cm. long, 0.8 cm. in diameter, puberulous when young but becoming glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Seeds solitary or rarely two present, obliquely ovoid and slightly flattened, up to 10 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter; hilum lateral, oblique and extending to base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000235857 morphology D6F76E8B-F0F0-4D7B-B17A-20F853D0B585 Fig. 13, p. 71. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787623-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Small glabrous evergreen tree 4.5–8(–12) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Leaf-lamina subcoriaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, (2.3–)4–13 cm. long, (l.3–)2–5.5 cm. broad, acuminate, cuneate; petiole short and thick, ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Flowers fleshy, in clusters on the old wood, each cluster being made up of numerous 3-flowered fascicles; pedicels 1.5–4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Calyx cupular, 12 mm. in diameter, closely adpressed to the corolla in bud, at first ± entire or irregularly 3–4-lobed but later tearing into a number (7 or so) of squarish irregular lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Corolla white or rose, rather fleshy, conical in bud, dividing into 3–4 lobes or tearing irregularly into 3–4 subequal or unequal parts, with ribbed interior surfaces and irregular margins, finally curving back and falling off with the stamens attached, ± 3 cm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Stamens very numerous, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Ovary globose, 4 mm. in diameter; style 9–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Fruit woody, brown, globose, ± 2.8–3 cm. in diameter, 6-ribbed but probably not dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Seeds ± 8, adhering in a globose mass, each elliptic, compressed, 9 mm. long, 7 mm. wide, 4.5 mm. thick, with an elliptic groove above and below which separates a smooth outer annular area from the central raised portions. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000572056 morphology 6F2C6671-6255-41EC-A348-D2E0DDC841FF Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833337-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Roots numerous, long, cord-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Stem hollow, up to 150 cm. tall, often much branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Leaf-blade oblong to lanceolate-oblong, attenuate at both ends, acute or obtuse, 2.5–12.5 cm. long; petiole up to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Spikes cylindric, up to 7.5 cm. long, narrowed at apex; peduncle up to 8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Bracts and bracteoles spatulate, the tips arched over the flowers except during anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Flowers densely crowded, though characteristically only 1 or 2 open at a time, rhomboid or hexagonal by compression, sessile, wedge-shaped below, attached longitudinally to the rhachis by a linear base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Calyx-segments deltoid-semicircular, obtuse, ultimately slightly accrescent and connivent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Corolla whitish, pinkish or purplish, 2.5–4 mm. long; segments ovate-triangular, obtuse or acute, united about half-way, connivent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Filaments slightly dilated at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Ovary obovoid, 2.5 mm. long, apex broad, free, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Capsule 4–5 mm. diameter, dehiscing below the calyx-segments which fall with the lid, leaving the scarious base persistent on the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Seeds yellowish-brown, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0000507981 morphology AD504F4F-25BE-4C59-97BA-893132E118BA Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:145463-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Perennial rhizomatous subshrub 1–9 dm. tall, scrambling to reclinate or erect, ± tufted, rooting at the nodes from the creeping stems; rhizomes 1–10 mm. thick; stems rather profusely branched near ground level, leafy above, leafless below, woody, quadrangular in cross-section towards the top, terete below; internodes 0.3–2.0(–5) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Leaves mostly cauline, membranous, spathulate, 0.8–4.1 cm. long, 0.3–1.5 cm. wide in the flowering shoots, 2.5–5.7 cm. long, 0.7–1.4 cm. wide on the vegetative shoots, obtuse to acute, shallowly crenate to almost pinnatifid on the petiole below (lobes diminutive) or entire, pilose to glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Inflorescence an aggregate dicha-sium, frequently globose to somewhat elongate, 0.8–4.8(–8) cm. long, 0.8–2.5 cm. wide; floral bracts cuneate-truncate, 2–8 mm. long, 0.8–3.0 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Flowers nearly always perfect (plants occasionally gynodioecious), white, pink to purple or brownish-red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Calyx-limb short, cupuliform, ± dentate, not forming a feathery pappus in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Corolla rotate, 5-lobed, barely gibbous, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, glabrous throughout; lobes regular or slightly irregular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Stamens 3, included; anthers 4-lobed, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Style 3-lobed, included in perfect flowers, slightly exserted in pistillate flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Achenes broadly ovate to ovate-oblong, 1.7–2.6 mm. long, 1.0–1.7 mm. wide, glabrous (in specimens from Mt. Kenya and Kilimanjaro) or pubescent (in most specimens from Aberdare Mts. and Elgon), brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001143778 morphology 3DC50112-B259-46A1-A98A-F9E8CE351FFB Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859899-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Perennial herb 5–10(–18) dm. tall, simple or branched, slender, rhizomatous and sometimes stoloniferous, often rooting at the nodes; stems herbaceous, usually clambering or erect, 1.5–5.0 mm. thick, generally leafless below and branched at the nodes above (first branches supported by leaves at the nodes); nodes solid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Leaves membranous, mostly cauline, imparipinnate, rhombic, largest at the base but decreasing in size and bract-like towards the inflorescence or undivided and ovate, glabrous to rather pilose; rhachis and the terminal leaflet of the undivided leaves 4.4–16.5 cm. long; apices and margins of the undivided leaves and the leaflets are characterized by glandular structures; terminal leaflet 1.8–6.5 cm. long, 0.6–3.4 cm. wide; lateral leaflets in 1–4 pairs, smaller than the terminal; undivided leaves ovate, 3–4 cm. long; petiole 0.5–4.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Inflorescence a dichasial thyrse 10–50 cm. long, 4–20 cm. wide; internodes glabrous or pilose; nodes tufted-pilose; floral bracts broadly lanceolate to ovate, 2.0–8.5 mm. long, 0.5–3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Flowers perfect (or ? occasionally imperfect), white to pale pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Calyx-limb 8–13-fid, forming a feathery pappus in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Corolla infundibuliform, gibbous, sometimes irregular, 1.5–3.0 mm. long; lobes one-third to one-half the tube-length; throat glabrous within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Stamens 3, included; anthers 4-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Style barely 3-lobed and included, or distinctly 3-lobed and slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Achenes elliptic to oval-patelliform, 2.5– 4.5 mm. long, 1.5–3.0 mm. wide, glabrous throughout (in specimens from Kilimanjaro and Ruwenzori) or pubescent on the adaxial face (in most specimens from Elgon), fairly dark-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144167 morphology E8877EF7-E56E-4671-BAF6-76E2260DD461 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860303-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Perennial gynodioecious herb l.2–8(–14) dm. tall in flower, 1.5–10 dm. tall in fruit; rhizomes 3–7 mm. thick; fibrous roots 2–4 mm. thick; sometimes stoloniferous; stems erect, herbaceous, leafy at the base, l–4(–9) mm. thick, unbranched at the nodes (inflorescence sometimes branched but these branches supported by bracts); nodes solid and densely hairy, usually with shallow parallel ribs extending full length, terete to almost angled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Leaves membranous, predominantly imparipinnate but sometimes pinnatifid and occasionally undivided, with 1–9 regularly or irregularly arranged pairs of essentially sessile leaflets, mostly obovate to oblanceolate; basal ones loosely tufted; lowermost 7–44 cm. long, 1–10 cm. wide; cauline ones in 3–5 pairs, simulating the basal but smaller; uppermost bract-like; terminal leaflets ovate to lanceolate, 2.2–11.4 cm. long, 0.7–5.5 cm. wide, entire to dentate; lateral leaflets similar but smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Inflorescence a dichasial thyrse 1.5–30(–74) cm. long, l.3–15(–21) cm. wide, subcapitate in the early stage; floral bracts linear-lanceolate, 0.6–2.0 cm. long, 0.7–2.5 mm. wide, acuminate; internodes glabrous or pilose along one side; nodes tufted-pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Flowers perfect or imperfect, white to pale pinkish-mauve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Calyx-limb 8–14-fid; segments forming a feathery pappus in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Corolla infundibuliform, gibbous, sometimes irregular, 2.0–5.5 mm. long, densely to sparsely white hairy at the base of the throat within, glabrous without. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Stamens 3, exserted (± twice the length of the corolla-lobes); anthers 4-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Style unbranched at first, later opening into 3-lobed tip, exserted, generally the same length as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001144012 morphology BD1A101E-05CD-468F-8D43-6117D41D4A3F Achenes 2.5–5.5 mm. long, 1.2–2.5 mm. wide, glabrous, light-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859663-1 wfo-0001143742 morphology 2CB94C44-20B3-4D17-8676-0F8B39991A51 The Corn Salad is sometimes grown in agricultural experimental stations of East Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:160159-3 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Annual slender nearly glabrous herb 5–25(–40) cm. tall; stems herbaceous, erect or ascending to almost spreading, dichotomously and divaricately branched, sometimes subsimple, weakly angled, slightly pubescent below, 1–3 mm. thick; tap-root 2.5–9 cm. or more long; secondary roots usually slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Leaves sessile, (0.5–)1.1–6.5 cm. long, 0.2–1.1 cm. wide, glabrous on the surfaces, but sometimes ciliate at the base and on the margins; lower ones entire, spathulate; upper ones dentate at the base, oblong, obtuse or subacute; uppermost bract-like and linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Inflorescence a compound dichasium, glabrous; terminal internodes grooved and almost winged; floral bracts lanceolate, 2.0–2.5 mm. long, 0.7–1.4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Flowers perfect, sessile, pale pink to white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Calyx-limb obscure, oblique, scarcely veined, entire (corolla, stamens, and style adhering to the achene-apex for some time). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Corolla funnel-shaped, barely saccate or attenuated at the base, glabrous throughout; lobes 5, apparently regular but sometimes with 2 lobes smaller than the other 3, 1.0–1.8 mm. long, generally pinkish above and whitish below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Stamens 3, included or slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Style at first club-shaped and included, later very shortly 3-lobed at the tip and slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Achenes ovoid, 1–2 mm. long, 0.5–1.0 mm. wide, hispid to pubescent, or glabrous (especially on the abaxial face), brown; fertile locule longer than sterile ones, the latter not contiguous and appearing as linear ribs on the abaxial face of the achene. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000426407 morphology 54D3D0AD-B0C3-4688-AD5F-AD34E6E80873 Fig. 3, p. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860420-1 wfo-0000850113 morphology A7B824E9-D878-4FF3-9940-5B35BAACFA1B A gregarious bamboo with stout woody rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390225-1 wfo-0000850113 morphology A7B824E9-D878-4FF3-9940-5B35BAACFA1B Culms 2–19.5 m. high and 5–12.5 cm. in diameter, erect, evenly spaced, green, becoming yellow or brown, downy when young, thick-walled, with several branches from each of the upper nodes; culm-sheaths clothed with reddish-brown bristly hairs or glabrescent, tipped with a linear acute blade and fimbriate lateral auricles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390225-1 wfo-0000850113 morphology A7B824E9-D878-4FF3-9940-5B35BAACFA1B Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, 5–20 cm. long and 6–15 mm. wide, glabrous, with conspicuous transverse veins, narrowed to a fine bristle up to 2 cm. long, rarely only pungent; leaf-sheaths with small deciduous auricles bearing long smooth setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390225-1 wfo-0000850113 morphology A7B824E9-D878-4FF3-9940-5B35BAACFA1B Panicles terminal on the branches and branchlets, 5–15 cm. long, loose to compact; lateral pedicels 1–3 mm. long, the terminal much longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390225-1 wfo-0000850113 morphology A7B824E9-D878-4FF3-9940-5B35BAACFA1B Spikelets 1.5–4 cm. long and 3–4 mm. wide, 5–10-flowered; glumes 4–8 mm. long, 5–9-nerved; lemmas ovate, mostly 7–10 mm. long, 7–9-nerved, minutely hairy or glabrescent, acute; palea about as long; lodicules ciliate; stigmas 2, rarely 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390225-1 wfo-0000850113 morphology A7B824E9-D878-4FF3-9940-5B35BAACFA1B Fig. 2, p. 10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:390225-1 wfo-0000882687 morphology CAC2B636-8EE3-4463-B7AF-46520CC67DC0 Bamboo, in dense clumps; culms 3–10 m. high, 5–10 cm. in diameter, erect, at first densely silky with appressed hairs, solid or thick-walled; culm-sheaths with dark brown bristly hairs, tipped with an involute pungent blade 1–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410276-1 wfo-0000882687 morphology CAC2B636-8EE3-4463-B7AF-46520CC67DC0 Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 5–25 cm. long and 1–3 cm. wide, somewhat glaucous, with inconspicuous transverse veins, gradually narrowed to a fine pungent tip; leaf-sheaths with a few deciduous setae 2–5 mm. long on the shoulders, without auricles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410276-1 wfo-0000882687 morphology CAC2B636-8EE3-4463-B7AF-46520CC67DC0 Spikelet-clusters globose, sometimes ± confluent, 4–8 cm. across, spiny; bracts ovate, up to 4 mm. long, rounded on the back (except the lowest which is 2-keeled). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410276-1 wfo-0000882687 morphology CAC2B636-8EE3-4463-B7AF-46520CC67DC0 Spikelets very narrowly lanceolate, 15–40 mm. long, 1–4-flowered, 1 or sometimes 2 upper florets hermaphrodite, the rest reduced to lemmas; glumes ovate to oblong, ± shortly hispidulous, obtuse to acute, the lower 5–8 mm. long, the upper 8–10 mm. long; lemmas narrowly lanceolate, the lowest 12–20 mm. long, the uppermost about as long as the spikelet, ± hispid on the back, tipped by a rigid spine up to 7 mm. long; palea narrowly lanceolate, a little shorter than the lemma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410276-1 wfo-0000882687 morphology CAC2B636-8EE3-4463-B7AF-46520CC67DC0 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410276-1 wfo-0000882219 morphology 715CE7CC-3379-4747-8C15-44D46A2B8863 Bamboo, in small dense patches or solitary clumps; culms 4.5–18 m. high, 5–10 cm. in diameter, usually spreading or drooping, rarely erect, green, hollow; culm-sheaths at first clothed with appressed stiff brown hairs, tipped with a short subulate blade and fimbriate shoulders. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409946-1 wfo-0000882219 morphology 715CE7CC-3379-4747-8C15-44D46A2B8863 Leaf-blades lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 10–35 cm. long and 2.5–6 cm. wide, pale green or slightly glaucous, acutely acuminate, the transverse veins very obscure; leaf-sheaths not ciliate on the shoulders. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409946-1 wfo-0000882219 morphology 715CE7CC-3379-4747-8C15-44D46A2B8863 Spikelet-clusters 1.5–2 cm. long and 0.8–2.2 cm. wide, up to twice their length apart; bracts ovate-elliptic, 8–14 mm. long, dark brown, keeled, ciliate on the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409946-1 wfo-0000882219 morphology 715CE7CC-3379-4747-8C15-44D46A2B8863 Spikelets lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 12–15 mm. long, brown, somewhat glossy; upper glume 9–11 mm. long, 11–18-nerved; lemma broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate, 10–13.5 mm. long, obtuse or subacute; palea 8–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409946-1 wfo-0000882219 morphology 715CE7CC-3379-4747-8C15-44D46A2B8863 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409946-1 wfo-0000895568 morphology 2164B680-8147-4701-9DB8-083B1DA53883 Perennial, arising from a short rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419210-1 wfo-0000895568 morphology 2164B680-8147-4701-9DB8-083B1DA53883 Culms 40 cm. to 1 m. high, erect, the leaves and panicle borne upon the same culm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419210-1 wfo-0000895568 morphology 2164B680-8147-4701-9DB8-083B1DA53883 Leaf-blades broadly lanceolate, 12–30 cm. long and 2–6 cm. wide, glabrous, with fine transverse nerves, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, tapering to an acuminate tip; leaf-sheaths glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419210-1 wfo-0000895568 morphology 2164B680-8147-4701-9DB8-083B1DA53883 Panicle linear, 10–20 cm. long and 1–3 cm. wide, the spikelets clearly pedicelled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419210-1 wfo-0000895568 morphology 2164B680-8147-4701-9DB8-083B1DA53883 Spikelets narrowly ovate, 10–16 mm. long; glumes unequal, the lower 2–4 mm, long, the upper 4–5 mm, long; ♂ lemmas ovate, 9–11 mm. long, herbaceous to chartaceous, finely ridged by the prominent nerves; anthers 3.5 mm. long; ♀ lemma lanceolate, 10–11 mm. long, subtended by a fleshy frill 0.2 mm. high around its base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419210-1 wfo-0000895568 morphology 2164B680-8147-4701-9DB8-083B1DA53883 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:419210-1 wfo-0000881899 morphology D2291F63-98BC-4892-B9B5-A0D4210D5FA5 Culms up to 4 m. tall, erect or more often scandent, cane-like, the lower half to two-thirds blotched with dull purple and bearing short bladeless sheaths, the upper part branching and leafy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316519-2 wfo-0000881899 morphology D2291F63-98BC-4892-B9B5-A0D4210D5FA5 Leaf-sheaths closely nerved, glabrous or sometimes hispid; blades ovate-elliptic to ovate-oblong, 10–20 cm. long, 3–6 cm. broad, abruptly acuminate, asymmetrically rounded, with ± 8 primary nerves on either side of the midrib and fainter ones between; ligule short, scarious, truncate; fascicles of lateral shoots bearing very small leaves sometimes occur. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316519-2 wfo-0000881899 morphology D2291F63-98BC-4892-B9B5-A0D4210D5FA5 Panicle 7–25 cm. long, narrowly pyramidal, the branches with 1–several ♀ spikelets above, and numerous ♂ spikelets below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316519-2 wfo-0000881899 morphology D2291F63-98BC-4892-B9B5-A0D4210D5FA5 Male spikelets on filiform pedicels; lemma membranous, glabrous, 4 mm. long, drawn out into an awn 3–4 mm. long; lodicules 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316519-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Capsules globose to cylindric urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000024826 morphology F893BD01-3E21-4E77-9F99-28827EA344C8 Seeds numerous, rounded, angular or discoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331244-2 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Perennials with bell-shaped flat-based corms with densely compacted fibrous or woody tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Leaves several, the lower 2-3 membranous and sheathing the base (cataphylls); foliage leaves few, sometimes solitary, the lowermost longest and inserted on the stem near ground-level, blade plane, shallowly plicate-corrugate or terete, upper leaves cauline and progressively smaller urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Stem somewhat compressed and angular, sometimes entirely subterranean urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Inflorescence panicle-like, a simple to branched spike or flowers clustered at ground-level; bracts green to membranous, the outer sometimes ridged, keeled, crisped or toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Flowers blue, purple, red, white or pink, actinomorphic or zygomorphic; tube short to long; tepals subequal or unequal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Stamens symmetrically disposed around the style or unilateral and arcuate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Style filiform, the branches usually forked for up to half their length, sometimes entire or barely bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Style declinate, exserted; stigma pinkish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Capsule reddish, shallowly 3-lobed in cross-section, transversely ridged, emarginate, 6–8.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763586 morphology 48F04F89-7570-4124-8BA7-46B403BC567E Seeds irregularly folded, ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970976-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Plants variable, clumped or single, 10–40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Rhizome thick, horizontal to vertical, distinctly moniliform, occasionally tuberous, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots spongy, swollen at the base, tapering towards the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Leaves often dimorphic, distichous or nearly so, ± clasping the base of the peduncle, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes ribbed with raised margin and ribs, 5–30 cm. long, 0.5–2(–5) cm. wide, outer ones wider and cataphyll-like, inner ones petiolate; margins scabrid or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Peduncles papillate to pubescent particularly in the upper half, occasionally pubescent throughout, 5–40 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Inflorescence a ± lax raceme, 5–15 cm. long; floral bracts oblanceolate, scabrid to ciliate on the margins, lower ones up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Pedicels usually articulated below the middle, 3–6 mm. long, 2–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Perianth open, star-shaped; tepals 8–15 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, 3(–5)-veined, white, sometimes tinged greenish or brownish medially towards the tip outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Stamens shorter than the tepals; filaments filiform, 2.5–5 mm. long, sometimes broadened towards the base, papillate; anthers, 3.5–5 mm., often somewhat longer than the filaments, twisted when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Style declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Capsule shallowly 3-lobed to rounded-deltate in cross-section, smooth to slightly ridged, 5–9 mm. long and 6–8 mm. wide, slightly emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Seeds irregularly folded, ± 1.5–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763629 morphology F102CA2D-9F70-4842-A3D7-BFD5E4147A7B Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970983-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Plant with erect (rarely prostrate), eventually branched, aerial stem, up to 50 cm. long, usually ± 2.5 cm. thick, with circular leaf-scars and stiff fibres from old leaf-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Roots ± spongy without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Leaves distichous or nearly so, grass-like, born at the apices of the branches, 5–50 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Peduncles several in the leaf-axils, 5–40 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Inflorescence a simple raceme (rarely with some basal branches), 6–20 cm. long; rhachis slightly papillose to pubescent; floral bracts short, up to 2–5 mm. long, boat-shaped, with swollen glandular tissue at the base, extruding a sweet, sticky substance. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Pedicels articulated below the middle, 3–6 mm., always solitary at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Flowers open, white, star-shaped; tepals with a greenish, rarely brownish, median stripe, up to 15 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Stamens declinate, often arranged in a 5 + 1 arrangement, slightly shorter than the tepals; filaments filiform, ± 4 mm. long, half the length of the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Style declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Capsule rounded-deltate in cross-section, with slight transverse ridges, ± 10 mm. long and 8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Seeds irregularly folded to saucer-shaped, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000763634 morphology DB23BC62-821D-45BB-9D46-3F936C656345 Fig. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533090-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Plants small, grass-like, clumped, 15–25 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Rhizome slender, moniliform; roots thin, wiry, with distal tubers 1–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Leaves ± distichous, filiform with expanded bases, often with ciliate margin, up to 35 cm. long, 1–2(–3) mm. wide; cataphylls membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Peduncle short, often arcuate below and ± prostrate, without leaves, glabrous, or slightly hairy in lower parts, 1–2(–4) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Inflorescence a branched panicle, 6–20 cm. long, sometimes prostrate; floral bracts minute, glabrous, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Pedicels articulated at or slightly below the middle, 4–7 mm. long, 2–3-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Perianth open, whitish to yellowish, with green or brownish dorsal stripe or tip; tepals 5–8 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Stamens slightly shorter than the perianth; filaments filiform, ± 4 mm. long and longer than the ± 2.5 mm. long anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Style straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Capsule 2–4 mm. long, somewhat broader than long, covered in remains of the perianth, subglobose, slightly ridged, emarginate, rounded-deltate in cross-section. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000642207 morphology 10797E1A-5FDC-4DE3-B143-6034F1E3F901 Seeds saucer-shaped, ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999993-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Slender plants up to 20 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Rhizome short; roots, thin in the proximal parts, swelling to elongated tubers distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Leaves rosulate, filiform or narrowly linear, 10–25 cm. long, 1–4 mm. wide, glabrous except for the sometimes scabrid margins;basal sheaths whitish to purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Peduncle reduced so that the lower flowers/fruits are found within the leaf-rosette. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Inflorescence a simple raceme, rarely branched below, 2–5 cm. long, prostrate; rhachis glabrous to slightly scabrid; floral bracts ovate-acuminate, up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Pedicels articulated near or below the middle, glabrous, ± curved, 2–5 mm. long at anthesis, up to 1 cm. in fruit, 2-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Flowers small and inconspicuous, whitish to yellowish with green dorsal bands; tepals 3–5 mm. long, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Stamens 3–4 mm.; filaments ± 2.5 mm., glabrous; anthers 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Capsule deeply triquetrous, large compared to the size of the plant, 8–10 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide when ripe, with withered perianth at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763403 morphology 2A7A66CF-A7F8-462A-8E19-CF1336DA14ED Seeds ± saucer-shaped, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:970962-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Plants variable, often gregarious, 25–60 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Rhizome horizontal, moniliform, patterned by concentric scars, often bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots wiry, bearing tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Leaves distichous, firm, linear, the bases often red-brownish to deep green and with a white band at the top especially in young plants, 25–75 cm. long, 0.6–3 cm. wide, glabrous, the margins minutely scabrid to ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Peduncle sometimes arcuate below, terete, glabrous, 20–40 cm. long, often with 1–3 small bracts below the inflorescence, sometimes bronze-coloured in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Inflorescence a lax panicle, up to 25 cm. long; rhachis angled, glabrous, scabrid, or shortly ciliate on the angles; floral bracts glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Pedicels articulated below the middle, pinkish brown, up to 5 mm. long in fruit, 2-nate at lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Perianth greenish white; tepals 4–5 mm. long, scabrid, 3–5-veined, sometimes with a brownish stripe outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers shorter than the minutely papillate filaments, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Style filiform, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Capsule subglobose, trigonous, smooth, 3–7 mm. long, 5–9 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763554 morphology 533C0CC4-A4DE-4E85-B9A2-2E9C912C0157 Seeds disc-shaped, up to 3.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533033-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Plants 60–80 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Rhizome horizontal, moniliform; roots thick, tough, bearing tubers at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Leaves distichous, broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, usually glabrous, often with a dark green to brownish-green band at the base, clasping, 20–30 cm. long, up to 12 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Peduncle subterete, glabrous, occasionally with 1–2 sterile bracts close to the inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Inflorescence lax, ascending; racemes 3–10, each subtended by a bract; rhachis angled, glabrous, sometimes sparsely papillate; floral bracts ovate, small, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Pedicels articulated below the middle, densely papillate-pubescent, up to 10 mm. long in fruit, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Perianth greenish white, papillate-hairy, ± 5 mm. long; tepals 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments filiform, glabrous, much longer than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Style exserted, slightly declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Capsule globose, trigonous, ± 5 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763563 morphology 6FEC966A-D346-4516-B927-032CDD61E45E Seeds disc-shaped, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533038-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Plants 30–70 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Rhizome horizontal, narrow, moniliform, bearing fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots fibrous, with tubers usually on lateral branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Leaves distichous or nearly so, grass-like, ciliate to pubescent, linear, usually without coloured banding at the base, sheathing the lower peduncle, 20–50 cm. long, 2–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Peduncle terete, ± pubescent, rarely glabrous, up to 45 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Inflorescence a lax panicle; rhachis terete, glabrous; floral bracts small, ovate, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Pedicels often articulated below the middle, sometimes in upper half, up to 10 mm. long in fruit, 2-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Perianth yellowish green; tepals 3–4 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, 3–5-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments glabrous to papillate, ± 3 mm. long; anthers versatile, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Capsule subglobose, triquetrous, 3–4 mm. long, 4–5.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763675 morphology 3702E71C-8067-41FC-AAB0-51BD6647B115 Seeds disc-shaped, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533127-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Plants 15–60(–75) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Rhizome horizontal, short, moniliform; roots fairly thin, shortly branched, bearing tubers 2–3 cm. long, mainly on the lateral branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Leaves rosulate, glabrous, lanceolate, broadest at the middle, narrowed and clasping below, occasionally petiolate, 10–75 long, (1–)2–4(–6) cm. wide, with distinct midrib, the margins glabrous or minutely scabrid, often undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Peduncle terete, glabrous, leafless, occasionally with a single sterile bract below the inflorescence, 10–50 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Inflorescence paniculate; branches usually with short internodes (except for the lowermost ones), more elongated in shade-forms; rhachis glabrous to papillate; floral bracts 5–15(–30) mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, larger and longer in shade forms. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Pedicels articulated near or above the middle, 3–10 mm. long, slightly papillate, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Perianth with reflexed tepals, greenish, 5–7 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, 3(–5)-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments fusiform, scabrid, ± 3 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Style straight, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Capsule deeply triquetrous, emarginate, 3–6 mm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763349 morphology F4726C8F-3B4C-46E7-AA34-DB9B81C85B39 Seeds disc- to saucer-shaped, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532859-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Plants hysteranthous, up to ± 20 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Rhizome short, moniliform, with fibrous remains from previous years’ leaves; roots fairly narrow, with small tubers on lateral root-branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Leaves rosulate, glabrous, narrowly lanceolate, never collected when fully developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Peduncle leafless, up to 10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Inflorescence simple or slightly paniculate; rhachis glabrous; floral bracts small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Pedicels articulated near the middle, up to 2 cm. long, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Tepals patent to slightly reflexed,greenish, 4–5 mm. long, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments 3–4 mm. long; anthers shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Style filiform, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Capsule triquetrous, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763482 morphology A2CD4A08-19F9-4A1E-96CD-04461928869C Seeds not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532972-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Plants 16–55 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Rhizome short, vertical, moniliform; roots narrow, shortly branched, bearing small, rounded tubers on the branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Leaves rosulate, 4–13 to a plant, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, clasping at the base, rarely with short petioles, broadest at the middle, narrowed above to a fine point, usually glabrous, 10–40(–60) cm. long, 1–5(–8) cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Peduncle terete, compressed when dry, glabrous below, often papillate to pubescent above, up to 24 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Inflorescence exserted, with 2–many racemes, very rarely unbranched, bearing flowers from the base; racemes subtended by lanceolate bracts, these up to 5 cm. long; rhachis terete, often papillate; floral bracts lanceolate, softly apiculate, up to 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:62999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Pedicels articulated above the middle, 4–5 mm. long in fruit, papillate, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Perianth greenish or whitish, keeled green; tepals 5–8 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments fusiform, papillose, ± 5 mm. long; anthers versatile, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Style straight, ± the length of the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Capsule triquetrous, emarginate, 5–7 mm. long, 6–7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763344 morphology 6015165E-D34D-403E-B5DD-2512736658EB Seeds disc- to saucer-shaped, ± 2 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532855-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Small plants, rarely more than 12 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Rhizome moniliform, carrying short fibrous remnants from older leaves; roots wiry, shortly branched, bearing small tubers (up to 1 cm. long) mainly on the lateral root-branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Leaves ± distichous, glabrous, narrowly lanceolate, petiolate, up to 16 cm. long and 1(–2) cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Peduncle only 1–2 cm. long, prostrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Inflorescence, up to 15 cm. long, lying flat on the ground, simple or with one basal branch, lax, with elongated internodes; rhachis scabrid to pubescent; floral bracts up to 5 mm., sometimes ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Pedicels articulated in lower half, 6–9 mm. at anthesis, elongating slightly in fruit, 2-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Perianth open, white; tepals 5–7 mm. long, less than 2 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Stamens shorter than the tepals; filaments fusiform, scabrid, 4 mm. long, anthers 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Style straight, slightly shorter than the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Capsule ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763395 morphology C4FE4EAD-FB79-4A80-A485-95DBB2664D60 Seeds not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532899-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Plants 20–80 cm. high, drying yellowish brown to olive-green, very rarely blackish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Rhizome short, compact; roots medium thick, expanding to spindle-shaped tubers up to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Leaves rosulate, not petiolate nor forming a stem, broadly lanceolate, 10–70 cm. long, 2–10 cm. wide, with undulate or crisped margins, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Peduncle terete, leafless (or with a few sterile bracts connected to the inflorescence), stout, erect, up to 50 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Inflorescence up to 30 cm., dense, usually unbranched; rhachis glabrous; lower bracts 2.5–6–(13) cm. long, ordinary floral bracts, 2.5–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Pedicels articulated in the upper half, whitish, particularly above the articulation, (8–)10–14 mm. long, 3–5-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000881899 morphology D2291F63-98BC-4892-B9B5-A0D4210D5FA5 Female spikelets on clavate pedicels; glumes herbaceous, glabrous, the lower 7–9-nerved and produced into a tail up to 2 cm. long, the upper similar but with shorter tail; lemma and palea hard, white, shining, 5–6 mm. long; lodicules 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316519-2 wfo-0000881899 morphology D2291F63-98BC-4892-B9B5-A0D4210D5FA5 Fig. 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316519-2 wfo-0000877774 morphology A740BE55-117B-4497-AA1C-24D84E29B7D6 Culms 30–100 cm. high, ascending from a shallow rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407036-1 wfo-0000877774 morphology A740BE55-117B-4497-AA1C-24D84E29B7D6 Leaf-blades oblong to oblong-oblanceolate, 10–30 cm. long and 2.5–6 cm. broad, abruptly acute at the tip, asymmetrically narrowed into a false petiole 1–4 cm. long; ligule very short, scarious, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407036-1 wfo-0000877774 morphology A740BE55-117B-4497-AA1C-24D84E29B7D6 Panicle loose, up to 45 cm. long and 20 cm. wide; branches 2–3 in a whorl. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407036-1 wfo-0000877774 morphology A740BE55-117B-4497-AA1C-24D84E29B7D6 Male spikelets 4 mm. long, the glumes half as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407036-1 wfo-0000877774 morphology A740BE55-117B-4497-AA1C-24D84E29B7D6 Female spikelets with ovate glumes 2–3 mm. long; lemma 4–6 mm. long, reddish, shell-like, prominently 5-ribbed, the pore lateral. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407036-1 wfo-0000877774 morphology A740BE55-117B-4497-AA1C-24D84E29B7D6 Fig. 7, p. 20. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407036-1 wfo-0000903204 morphology 76D5669A-A23B-4895-8486-9A3114D363F6 Culms 30–150 cm. high, arising from scaly rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423967-1 wfo-0000903204 morphology 76D5669A-A23B-4895-8486-9A3114D363F6 Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 10–40 cm. long and 1–3.6 cm. broad; ligule up to 2 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423967-1 wfo-0000903204 morphology 76D5669A-A23B-4895-8486-9A3114D363F6 Raceme 11–30 cm. long, the spikelets imbricate and borne upon short pedicels 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423967-1 wfo-0000903204 morphology 76D5669A-A23B-4895-8486-9A3114D363F6 Spikelets 22–30 mm. long, dark green to brown; lower glume 3–10 mm. long; upper glume 17–23 mm. long; fertile lemmas narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 18–22 mm. long, appressedly pubescent below, and narrowed into a shortly bearded subacute callus 1.5–2.5 mm. long; awn scaberulous, up to 25 mm. long; stigmas 2, 1–2 cm. long, retrorsely spinulose; ovary pilose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423967-1 wfo-0000903204 morphology 76D5669A-A23B-4895-8486-9A3114D363F6 Fig. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423967-1 wfo-0000877708 morphology B9FCA996-E714-4F20-869D-6655174E0F73 Loosely to densely tufted annual or perennial, sometimes with slender rhizomes; culms 15–60 cm. high, slender, erect or geniculately ascending, usually hairy at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406986-1 wfo-0000877708 morphology B9FCA996-E714-4F20-869D-6655174E0F73 Leaf-blades 3–18 cm. long and 1–2 mm. broad, flat or convolute, glabrous; ligule 1–2.6 mm. long, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406986-1 wfo-0000877708 morphology B9FCA996-E714-4F20-869D-6655174E0F73 Panicle narrowly ovate, 8–19 cm. long, the branches ascending, devoid of spikelets in the lower half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406986-1 wfo-0000877708 morphology B9FCA996-E714-4F20-869D-6655174E0F73 Spikelets oblong to narrowly elliptic, 4–5 mm. long; callus short and broad; lemma glabrous or hispidulous, spinulose-ciliate on the keels, drawn out into an awn 1–7.5 mm. long; palea similar to the lemma, but with an awnlet 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406986-1 wfo-0000877708 morphology B9FCA996-E714-4F20-869D-6655174E0F73 Fig. 9/8, p. 26. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406986-1 wfo-0000877667 morphology B288650F-864E-48E9-A5AC-18B14F5B784C Perennial; culms 30 cm. to 1 m. high, slender, often decumbent, ascending from a creeping rhizome, silky pubescent at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:137026-2 wfo-0000877667 morphology B288650F-864E-48E9-A5AC-18B14F5B784C Leaf-blades mostly 10–20 cm. long and 4–8 mm. broad, flat, painfully retrorsely scabrid on the midrib beneath; ligule 1–2 mm. long, asymmetric, truncate or obliquely truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:137026-2 wfo-0000877667 morphology B288650F-864E-48E9-A5AC-18B14F5B784C Panicle narrowly elliptic to oblong, 5–12 cm. long and 1–4 cm. wide; branches ascending, bearing spikelets almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:137026-2 wfo-0000877667 morphology B288650F-864E-48E9-A5AC-18B14F5B784C Spikelets oblong, (3.2–)3.4–4.8(–5.2) mm. long and (1–)1.2–1.4(–1.7) mm. broad, pale or purplish; lemma conspicuously pectinate-ciliate, or rarely spinulose, on the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:137026-2 wfo-0000877667 morphology B288650F-864E-48E9-A5AC-18B14F5B784C Fig. 9/11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:137026-2 wfo-0000877660 morphology EFBC0736-6459-4B47-87BE-C27232FDCBE9 Perennial; culms 60–70 cm. high, weak, spongy, covered below with imbricate scarious brown bladeless sheaths, ascending from a creeping rhizome, glabrous at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406953-1 wfo-0000877660 morphology EFBC0736-6459-4B47-87BE-C27232FDCBE9 Leaf-blades 8–20 cm. long and up to 6 mm. wide, flat, glabrous, the midrib smooth beneath; ligule 2–2.5 mm. long, obliquely truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406953-1 wfo-0000877660 morphology EFBC0736-6459-4B47-87BE-C27232FDCBE9 Panicle narrow, typically linear to linear-oblong, 8–14 cm. long and 5–10 mm. wide; branches appressed to the rhachis, bearing spikelets almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406953-1 wfo-0000877660 morphology EFBC0736-6459-4B47-87BE-C27232FDCBE9 Spikelets oblong-elliptic to narrowly oblong, 3–3.5 mm. long and 0.9–1(–1.2) mm. wide, yellowish-green; lemma scabrid on the keel, sometime drawn out into a subulate point up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406953-1 wfo-0000877660 morphology EFBC0736-6459-4B47-87BE-C27232FDCBE9 Fig. 9/9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406953-1 wfo-0000877651 morphology 10E09815-B3C6-4935-A9A5-DB4521AC0D00 Perennial, densely caespitose; culms up to 70 cm. high, slender, not spongy, erect or geniculately ascending and rooted at the lower nodes, silky pubescent on the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406943-1 wfo-0000877651 morphology 10E09815-B3C6-4935-A9A5-DB4521AC0D00 Leaf-blades 3–14 cm. long and 1.5–6 mm. broad, flat or rarely convolute, flaccid, glabrous, the midrib and margins smooth or scaberulous; ligule 1–2 mm. long, obliquely truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406943-1 wfo-0000877651 morphology 10E09815-B3C6-4935-A9A5-DB4521AC0D00 Panicle oblong to elliptic, 5–15 cm. long and 1.5–5 cm. wide; branches obliquely ascending or sometimes spreading, bearing spikelets almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406943-1 wfo-0000877651 morphology 10E09815-B3C6-4935-A9A5-DB4521AC0D00 Spikelets oblong, 3.5–4.5(–5.5) mm. long and 1.3–1.6 mm. wide, salmon-pink to purple or green; lemma finely ciliolate to scabrid on the keel, usually shortly caudate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406943-1 wfo-0000877651 morphology 10E09815-B3C6-4935-A9A5-DB4521AC0D00 Fig. 9/10, p. 26. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406943-1 wfo-0000882383 morphology 1BD8C77F-1440-4EB1-8033-5A6F0E7CC71D Perennial with extensive creeping underground rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410075-1 wfo-0000882383 morphology 1BD8C77F-1440-4EB1-8033-5A6F0E7CC71D Culms ± 120 cm. high, soft and spongy, up to 1 cm. in diameter at the base, often decumbent and rooting at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410075-1 wfo-0000882383 morphology 1BD8C77F-1440-4EB1-8033-5A6F0E7CC71D Leaf-blades up to 45 cm. long and 1.5 cm. broad; ligule 15–45 mm. long, glabrous, acute, often split down the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410075-1 wfo-0000882383 morphology 1BD8C77F-1440-4EB1-8033-5A6F0E7CC71D Panicle typically 20–30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410075-1 wfo-0000882383 morphology 1BD8C77F-1440-4EB1-8033-5A6F0E7CC71D Spikelets narrowly oblong, 7–9 mm. long, scabrid to hispid, deciduous, obliquely articulated with the pedicel; sterile lemmas lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long; awn 4–8 cm. long, rigid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410075-1 wfo-0000882383 morphology 1BD8C77F-1440-4EB1-8033-5A6F0E7CC71D Fig. 10/5, 6, 8, p. 29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410075-1 wfo-0000882337 morphology D1E4A44D-44B9-4B77-BA30-00B68379B9AF Annual; culms up to 1.5 m. high, erect or decumbent at the base and rooting at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410045-1 wfo-0000882337 morphology D1E4A44D-44B9-4B77-BA30-00B68379B9AF Leaf-blades up to 45 cm. long and 1.5 cm. broad; ligule 2–6 mm. long, glabrous, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410045-1 wfo-0000882337 morphology D1E4A44D-44B9-4B77-BA30-00B68379B9AF Panicle 20–30 cm. long, rather dense, the branches erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410045-1 wfo-0000882337 morphology D1E4A44D-44B9-4B77-BA30-00B68379B9AF Spikelets oblong to narrowly oblong, 7–11 mm. long, hispid, deciduous, obliquely articulated with the pedicel; sterile lemmas lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long; awns 4–16 cm. long, pink or red, hispidulous, stiff. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410045-1 wfo-0000882337 morphology D1E4A44D-44B9-4B77-BA30-00B68379B9AF Fig. 10/4, p. 29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410045-1 wfo-0000882431 morphology D85CE247-BA60-49C2-8C01-70BE1908166D Annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410110-1 wfo-0000882431 morphology D85CE247-BA60-49C2-8C01-70BE1908166D Culms erect, 60–120 cm. high, spongy, usually 4 mm. or more in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410110-1 wfo-0000882431 morphology D85CE247-BA60-49C2-8C01-70BE1908166D Leaf-blades up to 30 cm. long and 1 cm. broad; ligule 3–10 mm. long, soft, whitish, splitting longitudinally when dried, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410110-1 wfo-0000882431 morphology D85CE247-BA60-49C2-8C01-70BE1908166D Panicle loose, with spreading branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410110-1 wfo-0000882431 morphology D85CE247-BA60-49C2-8C01-70BE1908166D Spikelets elliptic, 4.9–6.2 mm. long and 1.9–2.6 mm. broad (2.5 times longer than broad), hispidulous; sterile lemmas acute, triangular; awn 1–7 cm. long, straight or somewhat flexuous, hispidulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410110-1 wfo-0000882431 morphology D85CE247-BA60-49C2-8C01-70BE1908166D Fig. 10/1–3, p. 29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410110-1 wfo-0000882355 morphology A75AB7FC-1897-478D-837E-22F8D92D22E0 Perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410056-1 wfo-0000882355 morphology A75AB7FC-1897-478D-837E-22F8D92D22E0 Culms erect, 60–100 cm. high, hard, generally less than 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410056-1 wfo-0000882355 morphology A75AB7FC-1897-478D-837E-22F8D92D22E0 Leaf-blades up to 25 cm. long and 1 cm. broad; ligule less than 3 mm. long, hard, yellowish, not readily splitting, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410056-1 wfo-0000882355 morphology A75AB7FC-1897-478D-837E-22F8D92D22E0 Panicle contracted with ascending branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410056-1 wfo-0000882355 morphology A75AB7FC-1897-478D-837E-22F8D92D22E0 Spikelets narrowly elliptic, 4.5–5.8 mm. long and 1.5–1.8 mm. broad (3 times longer than broad), hispidulous; sterile lemmas narrowly triangular, acuminate; awn usually 1–2 cm. long, slender and flexuous, scaberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:410056-1 wfo-0000878814 morphology B70952D3-4E17-4AEA-9EDB-70793540D424 Culms 60–100 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407744-1 wfo-0000878814 morphology B70952D3-4E17-4AEA-9EDB-70793540D424 Leaf-blades lanceolate, 11–23 cm. long and 1.5–3 cm. wide, the false petiole short, up to 1 cm. long; ligule scarious, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407744-1 wfo-0000878814 morphology B70952D3-4E17-4AEA-9EDB-70793540D424 Panicle up to 25 cm. long; pedicels smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407744-1 wfo-0000878814 morphology B70952D3-4E17-4AEA-9EDB-70793540D424 Spikelets 8–9 mm. long; glumes represented by 2 tiny hyaline cupuliform lobes at the pedicel-tip; sterile lemmas subulate, up to 2.5 mm. long; fertile lemma and palea glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407744-1 wfo-0000878814 morphology B70952D3-4E17-4AEA-9EDB-70793540D424 Fig. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407744-1 wfo-0000875103 morphology 222974EB-037C-4226-9325-C9C57DEBCB64 Culms erect, up to 1 m. high, minutely pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405400-1 wfo-0000875103 morphology 222974EB-037C-4226-9325-C9C57DEBCB64 Leaf-blades elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, 6–9 cm. long and 1–3 cm. wide, stiffly ciliate on the margins, acuminate, the auricles obtuse and 3–6 mm. long, the false petiole ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405400-1 wfo-0000875103 morphology 222974EB-037C-4226-9325-C9C57DEBCB64 Male inflorescence 2.5–3 cm. long, straight or slightly curved, green; primary axis 4–5 mm. wide; racemes 7–9, their rhachis 2–2.5 mm. long; spikelets oblong-lanceolate, 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405400-1 wfo-0000875103 morphology 222974EB-037C-4226-9325-C9C57DEBCB64 Female inflorescence 4–7 cm. long, straight or slightly curved, green; primary axis 7–10 mm. wide; racemes 4–6, their rhachis 6 mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide; spikelets obliquely oblong-ovate, 10–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405400-1 wfo-0000875103 morphology 222974EB-037C-4226-9325-C9C57DEBCB64 Axillary inflorescences not developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405400-1 wfo-0000875103 morphology 222974EB-037C-4226-9325-C9C57DEBCB64 Fig. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405400-1 wfo-0000878503 morphology 93E1B92A-F82F-40F7-BC58-80F607F83ED2 Stiff annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407516-1 wfo-0000878503 morphology 93E1B92A-F82F-40F7-BC58-80F607F83ED2 Culms 30–90 cm. high, tufted or solitary, erect or geniculate at the base, slender to moderately stout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407516-1 wfo-0000878503 morphology 93E1B92A-F82F-40F7-BC58-80F607F83ED2 Leaf-blades 6–40 cm. long and 3–13 mm. wide, flat, with short spreading auricles at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407516-1 wfo-0000878503 morphology 93E1B92A-F82F-40F7-BC58-80F607F83ED2 Spikes erect, 10–30 cm. long and 5–12 mm. wide, rigid, green, the spikelets about their own length or more apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407516-1 wfo-0000878503 morphology 93E1B92A-F82F-40F7-BC58-80F607F83ED2 Spikelets oblong, 12–26 mm. long, 4–10-flowered; upper glume usually reaching to or exceeding uppermost lemma, rigid, 7–9-nerved, obtuse; lemmas elliptic to ovate, 6–8 mm. long, smooth, obtuse, awned or awnless. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407516-1 wfo-0000861498 morphology 7C203662-6BCA-43B8-9423-7077BEC52C59 Coarsely tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1 wfo-0000861498 morphology 7C203662-6BCA-43B8-9423-7077BEC52C59 Culms 15–140 cm. high, erect or spreading, slender to stout, the vegetative shoots strongly compressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1 wfo-0000861498 morphology 7C203662-6BCA-43B8-9423-7077BEC52C59 Leaf-blades 10–45 cm. long and 2–14 mm. wide, at first folded, glabrous; sheaths strongly compressed and keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1 wfo-0000861498 morphology 7C203662-6BCA-43B8-9423-7077BEC52C59 Panicle oblong to ovate, 2–30 cm. long; the branches close together and spike-like or usually with the lower distant and bare at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1 wfo-0000861498 morphology 7C203662-6BCA-43B8-9423-7077BEC52C59 Spikelets oblong or wedge-shaped, 5–9 mm. long; glumes lanceolate to ovate, ciliate on the keel, finely pointed; lemmas lanceolate to oblong in side view, 4–7 mm. long, the keel ciliate or rough, tipped with a rigid awn up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1 wfo-0000861498 morphology 7C203662-6BCA-43B8-9423-7077BEC52C59 Fig. 16, p. 44. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397309-1 wfo-0000893663 morphology 6A0FD57C-6A8F-4D6B-9B6F-A0510096439F Loosely tufted perennial; culms 10–35 cm. high, erect, stout, enveloped below in broad papery leaf-sheaths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417957-1 wfo-0000893663 morphology 6A0FD57C-6A8F-4D6B-9B6F-A0510096439F Leaf-blades broadly linear, 4–15 cm. long and up to 8 mm. wide, rigid, blunt; ligule 2.5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417957-1 wfo-0000893663 morphology 6A0FD57C-6A8F-4D6B-9B6F-A0510096439F Panicle oblong, 2.5–12 cm. long, dense, often ± lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417957-1 wfo-0000893663 morphology 6A0FD57C-6A8F-4D6B-9B6F-A0510096439F Spikelets 2–4-flowered, broadly ovate, 5–6.5 mm. long, green, yellowish or purple; glumes narrowly lanceolate in side view, 1–3-nerved, the lower 3–5 mm. long, the upper 4–5 mm.; lemmas lanceolate in side view, 4.5–5 mm. long, acute, scabrid on the keel, with hyaline margins, woolly at the base; palea as long as the lemma, scaberulous on the keels; anthers 1.3–1.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417957-1 wfo-0000893663 morphology 6A0FD57C-6A8F-4D6B-9B6F-A0510096439F Fig. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417957-1 wfo-0000892802 morphology A3CBACAA-16F1-47CD-9ED3-0888443B5068 Caespitose perennial; culms 5–75 cm. high, straggling or compactly tufted and erect, the lower sheaths sometimes becoming fibrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417387-1 wfo-0000892802 morphology A3CBACAA-16F1-47CD-9ED3-0888443B5068 Leaf-blades linear to almost filiform, 2–12 cm. long and 0.5–4 mm. wide, abruptly narrowed at the tip; ligule 0.6–4.5(–6) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417387-1 wfo-0000892802 morphology A3CBACAA-16F1-47CD-9ED3-0888443B5068 Panicle linear to subspiciform, (2.5–)5–19 cm. long, the branches appressed to the rhachis, ± interrupted, nodding or rigid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417387-1 wfo-0000892802 morphology A3CBACAA-16F1-47CD-9ED3-0888443B5068 Spikelets 2–5-flowered, elliptic, 3–4.5(–6) mm. long, light green to purple; lower glume narrowly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 1.7–2.5(–3) mm. long, 1(–3)-nerved, the upper similar but slightly longer and 3-nerved; lemma elliptic, 2–3 mm. long or rarely more, acute to obtuse (acute in side view), glabrous to pubescent, with or without a basal tuft of wool; anthers 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417387-1 wfo-0000893038 morphology A3DDD420-5F58-4622-B4AF-54CD5C10FCB9 Compactly caespitose perennial; culms 10–40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417541-1 wfo-0000893038 morphology A3DDD420-5F58-4622-B4AF-54CD5C10FCB9 Leaf-blades linear, usually folded, 3–10 cm. long and 2–4 mm. wide, erect, forming a basal tuft, abruptly narrowed at the tip; ligule 1–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417541-1 wfo-0000893038 morphology A3DDD420-5F58-4622-B4AF-54CD5C10FCB9 Panicle pyramidal, 4–10 cm. long, erect, the branches stiff and spreading horizontally or reflexing, the spikelets in a cluster at their tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417541-1 wfo-0000893038 morphology A3DDD420-5F58-4622-B4AF-54CD5C10FCB9 Spikelets 2–4-flowered, elliptic, 4–5.5(–6.5) mm. long, glabrous, tinged with purple; glumes lanceolate to narrowly ovate, obtuse to subacute, the lower 2.5–3.5(–4) mm. long and 1–3-nerved, the upper a little longer and 3-nerved; lemma ovate, 3–3.5(–4.5) mm. long, obtuse, glabrous, with or without a basal tuft of wool; anthers 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417541-1 wfo-0000893703 morphology 57CC7FA1-DC10-458D-A755-D9139500EFC2 Perennial; culms 17–100 cm. high, slender, weak, erect or straggling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417989-1 wfo-0000893703 morphology 57CC7FA1-DC10-458D-A755-D9139500EFC2 Leaf-blades linear, often folded, 5–20 cm. long and 2–4 mm. wide, erect or spreading, abruptly narrowed at the tip; ligule 1–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417989-1 wfo-0000893703 morphology 57CC7FA1-DC10-458D-A755-D9139500EFC2 Panicle narrowly oblong, 7–35 cm. long, erect or nodding, the branches flexuous, often capillary, ascending, spreading or reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417989-1 wfo-0000893703 morphology 57CC7FA1-DC10-458D-A755-D9139500EFC2 Spikelets 2–5-flowered, elliptic, 2.5–7.5 mm. long, yellowish-green to purple; glumes lanceolate, obtuse to acute, 1–3-nerved, the lower 1.5–3.5 mm. long, the upper a little longer; lemma ovate, 2.5–4.5 mm. long, acute or narrowly obtuse, glabrous or pubescent, with or without a basal tuft of wool; anthers 0.3–0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:417989-1 wfo-0000891536 morphology C9260EAC-E917-4588-9A7D-DABED7E2DC2A Loosely to compactly tufted annual or short-lived perennial; culms 2.5–30 cm. high, erect, spreading or prostrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2 wfo-0000891536 morphology C9260EAC-E917-4588-9A7D-DABED7E2DC2A Leaf-blades 1–14 cm. long and 1–5 mm. wide, weak, often crinkled when young, blunt at the tip; ligule 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2 wfo-0000891536 morphology C9260EAC-E917-4588-9A7D-DABED7E2DC2A Panicle ovate or triangular, 1–12 cm. long, open and loose or somewhat dense. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2 wfo-0000891536 morphology C9260EAC-E917-4588-9A7D-DABED7E2DC2A Spikelets 3–10-flowered, ovate or oblong, 3–10 mm. long; lower glume lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–3 mm. long, 1-nerved; upper glume elliptic or oblong, 2–4 mm. long, 3-nerved, broadest at about the middle; lemmas broadly elliptic with prominent white hyaline margins, 2.5–4 mm. long, obtuse to emarginate (obtuse in side view), glabrous or hairy on the nerves; palea-keels glabrous or ciliate; anthers 0.7–1.2(–1.6) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2 wfo-0000860484 morphology 79D56B57-C9D0-4244-9FAB-4074D4AEED7F Tufted perennial; culms 4–30 cm. high, erect or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396572-1 wfo-0000860484 morphology 79D56B57-C9D0-4244-9FAB-4074D4AEED7F Leaf-blades flat or folded, up to 12 cm. long and 4 mm. wide; ligule 1–5 mm. long Panicle contracted, spike-like, 1–8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396572-1 wfo-0000860484 morphology 79D56B57-C9D0-4244-9FAB-4074D4AEED7F Spikelets 1-flowered, narrowly elliptic, at length gaping, 4–6.5 mm. long, light green often tinged with purple, the rhachilla not produced beyond the floret; glumes subequal, a little longer than the lemma, the lower narrowly elliptic and (1–)3-nerved, the upper lanceolate-elliptic and 3-nerved; lemma 3.5–4.5 mm. long, 3-nerved, glabrous or appressedly pubescent, denticulately obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396572-1 wfo-0000860484 morphology 79D56B57-C9D0-4244-9FAB-4074D4AEED7F Fig. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396572-1 wfo-0000860500 morphology 03EC883C-CA66-4018-BE50-64EBC3EE8161 Tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396582-1 wfo-0000860500 morphology 03EC883C-CA66-4018-BE50-64EBC3EE8161 Culms 12–25 cm. high, erect, somewhat fibrous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396582-1 wfo-0000860500 morphology 03EC883C-CA66-4018-BE50-64EBC3EE8161 Leaf-blades flat, up to 6.5 cm. long and 2.5 mm. wide; ligule 2.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396582-1 wfo-0000860500 morphology 03EC883C-CA66-4018-BE50-64EBC3EE8161 Panicle ovate, 4–11 cm. long, the branches spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396582-1 wfo-0000860500 morphology 03EC883C-CA66-4018-BE50-64EBC3EE8161 Spikelets 1-flowered, narrowly elliptic, at length gaping, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, light green, the rhachilla not produced beyond the floret; glumes subequal, a little longer than the lemma, the lower narrowly elliptic and (1–)3-nerved, the upper lanceolate-elliptic and 3-nerved; lemma 2.4–3 mm. long, 3-nerved, appressedly pubescent, denticulately obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396582-1 wfo-0000854743 morphology 2817C988-2852-4ADD-AB6C-1EF1D963A0E5 Annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393293-1 wfo-0000854743 morphology 2817C988-2852-4ADD-AB6C-1EF1D963A0E5 Culms 10–60 cm. high, loosely tufted or solitary, erect or geniculate, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393293-1 wfo-0000854743 morphology 2817C988-2852-4ADD-AB6C-1EF1D963A0E5 Leaf-blades 5–20 cm. long and 3–8 mm. wide, flat, minutely rough on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393293-1 wfo-0000854743 morphology 2817C988-2852-4ADD-AB6C-1EF1D963A0E5 Panicles 3–10 cm. long, loose, prettily nodding, bearing up to 12 spikelets on capillary pedicels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393293-1 wfo-0000854743 morphology 2817C988-2852-4ADD-AB6C-1EF1D963A0E5 Spikelets 7–20-flowered, ovate to oblong, plump, 14–25 mm. long and 8–15 mm. wide, glabrous or minutely hairy, pale green, silvery, or suffused with reddish-brown or purple; lemmas 6–8 mm. long, very broad, rounded on the back, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393293-1 wfo-0000854743 morphology 2817C988-2852-4ADD-AB6C-1EF1D963A0E5 Fig. 19/1–12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393293-1 wfo-0000854792 morphology 1F0BCD38-6870-4249-BA7D-12F258776A40 Annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393299-1 wfo-0000854792 morphology 1F0BCD38-6870-4249-BA7D-12F258776A40 Culms 10–60 cm. high, loosely tufted, erect or slightly geniculate, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393299-1 wfo-0000854792 morphology 1F0BCD38-6870-4249-BA7D-12F258776A40 Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, 3–14 cm. long and 3–9 mm. wide, flat, minutely rough above and on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393299-1 wfo-0000854792 morphology 1F0BCD38-6870-4249-BA7D-12F258776A40 Panicles obovate, 4–20 cm. long, loose, prettily nodding, the numerous spikelets borne on capillary pedicels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393299-1 wfo-0000854792 morphology 1F0BCD38-6870-4249-BA7D-12F258776A40 Spikelets 4–8-flowered, orbicular to triangular-ovate, 3–5 mm. long and as wide or wider, glabrous, shining, green or tinged with purple; lemmas 2–3 mm. long, very broad, deeply concave, hardened and shining in the centre but with broad white membranous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393299-1 wfo-0000854792 morphology 1F0BCD38-6870-4249-BA7D-12F258776A40 Fig. 19/13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393299-1 wfo-0000894882 morphology 4F68C88D-1DBF-454A-B25A-A003F8B27223 Tufted perennial from short knotty rhizomes; culms 60 cm. to 2 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418835-1 wfo-0000894882 morphology 4F68C88D-1DBF-454A-B25A-A003F8B27223 Leaf-blades 20–40 cm. long and 6–14 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418835-1 wfo-0000894882 morphology 4F68C88D-1DBF-454A-B25A-A003F8B27223 Panicle 25–50 cm. long, lax, spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418835-1 wfo-0000894882 morphology 4F68C88D-1DBF-454A-B25A-A003F8B27223 Spikelets 1(–2)-flowered with an additional awned barren floret or rhachilla-extension, 7–10 mm. long; glumes variable, usually lanceolate and acuminate, rarely ± oblong and acute, the lower 2–5.5 mm. long, the upper 3–6 mm. long; lemma 6–9 mm. long, 3(–5)-nerved, awned from the tip, sometimes from just below or with the tip splitting into 2 filiform teeth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; awn 12–20 mm. long, stiffly flexuous; anthers 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418835-1 wfo-0000894879 morphology D3BC8DEB-A350-41D0-9592-31493DCE70A8 Loosely tufted perennial from a short knotty rhizome; culms 1.3–2 m. high, robust. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418833-1 wfo-0000894879 morphology D3BC8DEB-A350-41D0-9592-31493DCE70A8 Leaf-blades 30–45 cm. long and 7–20 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418833-1 wfo-0000894879 morphology D3BC8DEB-A350-41D0-9592-31493DCE70A8 Panicle 30–40 cm. long, loose, the branches spreading or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418833-1 wfo-0000894879 morphology D3BC8DEB-A350-41D0-9592-31493DCE70A8 Spikelets 2–4-flowered with an additional barren floret, 9–13 mm. long; glumes lanceolate, acuminate, the lower 4–6 mm. long, the upper 6–8 mm. long; lower lemma 7–9 mm. long, 3–5-nerved, the intermediate nerves often indistinct, awned from just below the minutely bidentate hyaline tip; awn 7–10 mm. long; anthers 3.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418833-1 wfo-0000894879 morphology D3BC8DEB-A350-41D0-9592-31493DCE70A8 Fig. 20. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:418833-1 wfo-0000872141 morphology C7918CCD-7A3B-4E86-975F-D6FF78981CCA Loosely tufted perennial with thin slender rhizomes; culms 40–140 cm, high, ascending at the base, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403521-1 wfo-0000872141 morphology C7918CCD-7A3B-4E86-975F-D6FF78981CCA Leaf-blades 10–30 cm. long and 2–4 mm. wide, flat, with falcate auricles; leaf-sheaths glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403521-1 wfo-0000484720 morphology 6070523D-A3D6-4BF4-B22F-8ACE60402F85 Branches sometimes densely pubescent when very young, the epidermis usually dark purple and glabrescent on mature young branches and flaking off to expose the rusty-red cortex when older. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705934-1 wfo-0000484720 morphology 6070523D-A3D6-4BF4-B22F-8ACE60402F85 Leaves very variable in shape, from narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate to broadly elliptic or broadly ovate, up to 21 × 11 cm., 1.5-5.5 times as long as broad, narrower leaves gradually cuneate to the base but broader leaves usually abruptly contracted to a shortly cuneate base and sometimes subpetiolate, usually subacute at the apex in narrow leaves but rounded in broader leaves, glabrous throughout or sometimes densely pubescent with longish appressed hairs when very young, occasionally with appressed hairs persisting near the base of the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705934-1 wfo-0000484720 morphology 6070523D-A3D6-4BF4-B22F-8ACE60402F85 Heads (8-) 10-15 cm. in diameter, or up to 17 cm. when bracts are fully extended. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705934-1 wfo-0000484720 morphology 6070523D-A3D6-4BF4-B22F-8ACE60402F85 Middle bracts 2.5-4 × (1.2-)1.4-2.2(-2.5) cm., rounded to subacute, ciliate or not on margins, the surface glabrous to sericeous, brown or the tip often pink; innermost bracts linear-oblong to linear-spathulate and usually longitudinally inrolled, (4.5-)5.5-7 × (0.6-)0.8-1.3 cm., exceeding the flowers, like the middle bracts in indumentum, creamy white with a pinkish tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705934-1 wfo-0000484720 morphology 6070523D-A3D6-4BF4-B22F-8ACE60402F85 Flowers (3-)4-5.5(-6) cm., creamy white; perianth-base and claw villous; limb (10-)11-16(-17) mm., glabrous or rarely with a few hairs or (W. Africa only) villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705934-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Either a suffrutex with numerous simple stems up to 1 m. high with smooth brown bark or a much-branched shrub to small bushy tree up to 4(-7) m. high with dark greyish or purplish bark flaking off to expose a brown cortex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Leaves very variable, from broadly or narrowly elliptic to broadly obovate or oblanceolate or rarely lanceolate, up to 17(-20) × 10(-13) cm., l-4(-8) times as long as broad, long-cuneate to abruptly contracted and shortly cuneate at the base, subacute to rounded or emarginate at the apex, glabrous and often glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Heads (8-) 10-15 cm. in diameter, or up to 17 cm. when bracts are fully opened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Middle bracts (2.5-)3-4(-4.5) × (1.5-)1.7-2.5(-3) cm., rounded, dark brown or sometimes purplish, covered with silver or grey-brown appressed hairs or glabrescent in parts towards margins or (particularly var. angolensis) sometimes glabrescent throughout; inner bracts (6-)7-9 × (0.4-)0.7-1.2(-1.5) cm., ± equalling the flowers, otherwise like middle bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Flowers (5-)5.5-6.5(-7) cm., creamy white to bright pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Perianth-base glabrous outside, with dense hairs near the margin of the upper part inside; claw glabrous or (var. angolensis) with long whitish hairs inside and occasionally outside; limb (18-)20-25(-30) mm., villous on the 3 fused segments, glabrous to pubescent or occasionally villous on the fourth segment. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0000482938 morphology B59D8AF0-B289-4FB9-9B56-70E0BC355FC7 Style hairy at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705608-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Shrub to small tree (0.3-)1-4(-7) m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Young stems ± glabrous, smooth, usually dark brown in the Flora area. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Leaves usually linear-elliptic to linear-oblanceolate, rarely (not in the Flora area) obovate to oblanceolate, (5-)6-17 × (1-)1.3-4(-4.5) cm., (1.5-)4-10 times as long as broad, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Heads 6-13 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Middle bracts obtuse to rounded, 1.7-3 × (1-)1.2-2 cm., glabrous or densely pubescent when young and rapidly glabrescent, whitish or green to brown or dark red; inner bracts (3.5-)4-8 × 0.5-1 cm., linear-oblong, like middle bracts in colour and indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Flowers 4-7 cm., white or (in other subspp.) often pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Perianth-base glabrous; claw glabrous to villous both inside and outside; limb 10-21 mm., densely villous when young at least at the tip but usually glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0001106739 morphology E7F3559A-4BF8-49A2-9FCB-0E3BD747C290 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705664-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Tree up to 8 m. high with a well-developed trunk, or rarely a robust shrub to small tree 2-3 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Young branches glabrous to tomentose, later flaking off to reveal a brown cortex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Leaves narrowly oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, often falcate, (8-)10-16(-18) × l-3(-4) cm., 4-13 times as long as broad, tapered from the upper half to a very narrow base or often distinctly petiolate, subacute to rounded at the apex, glabrous or spreading pubescent on base of lamina or petiole, usually bright red when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Heads 6-10(-12) cm. in diameter, the bracts not reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Middle bracts 1-3 × l-2(-2.3) cm., obtuse to rounded, appressed pubescent in the lower part but glabrous in the upper part, green to reddish brown or pink; inner bracts 3.5-6(-7) × 0.4-1.2 cm., linear-oblong or broader at the tip, usually exceeding the flowers, usually greenish cream with a pink tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Flowers 3-5(-5.5) cm., creamy white to pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Perianth-base glabrous except inside the upper part of its margin; claw glabrous outside, glabrous or hairy inside; limb (10-)12-20 mm., glabrous or covered with sparse ascending hairs when young or with a tuft of dense hairs at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000507833 morphology D12F3C2C-FC96-4F07-A621-F96BA241A4D8 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77079152-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Tree up to 10 m. high with a well-developed trunk. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Young branches grey and glabrous, later flaking off to reveal a brown cortex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Leaves linear-oblanceolate to linear, sometimes falcate, (7-)12-19 × (l-)1.3-2.7(-3.3) cm., (4-)5.5-12 times as long as broad, long-cuneate to slightly rounded at the base, acute to rounded at the apex, sometimes appressed pubescent when very young, glabrous when mature, usually glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Heads 12-16(-18) cm. in diameter including bracts, which are strongly deflexed in flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Middle bracts (2.5-)3-4 × 1.4-2.2 cm., obtuse to rounded; inner bracts linear-oblong to spathulate, (5-)6-9 × 0.7-1.5 cm., exceeding the flowers; all bracts bright pink to crimson-red for most of their length, sometimes densely appressed pubescent at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Flowers white, sometimes pinkish on perianth-tip or style, 5-6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Perianth-base and claw glabrous or with short woolly hairs at the junction between them inside; limb (17-)20-31 mm., villous on the 3 fused segments but sometimes glabrescent except at the tip, glabrous on the fourth segment except at the upper and lower ends. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Receptacle acutely conical, 2-3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000484614 morphology 657B542E-F1D7-493F-83B2-89ECDF591AA5 Fig. 3, p. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706103-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Large bush to small tree 2-8(-10) m. high, or rarely a shrub 1-2 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Young branches densely pubescent when young, but glabrescent, brown, flaking slowly to expose a rusty cortex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Leaves narrowly oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, tapering from above the middle to a narrowly rounded or sometimes cuneate base, 10-18(-20) × (1.4-) 1.7-2.8(-3.6) cm., (4.5-)5-9(-10) times as long as broad, subacute to narrowly rounded at the apex, appressed-pubescent when young but rapidly glabrescent and nearly always glabrous at maturity, sometimes somewhat glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Heads 6-11 (-13) cm. in diameter excluding exserted styles, sometimes recorded as having an unpleasant smell. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Middle bracts (1.4-) 2-3(-3.3) × (1.2-)1.5-2(-2.3) cm., rounded at apex, appressed tomentose all over or the margins sometimes glabrous, the hairs usually silver- or grey-brown (often grey towards the centre and brown towards the margin), glabrous parts greenish to reddish brown; inner bracts linear-oblong to linear-spathulate, 3.5-5 × (0.5-)0.8-l(-1.3) cm., shorter than the flowers, appressed tomentose like the middle bracts or more often glabrous along the margins, usually greenish white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Flowers (3.5-)4.5-6(-6.5) cm., creamy white or occasionally with a pinkish tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000486117 morphology 7E8C9CFD-1834-4429-88D0-645B667380EC Perianth-base glabrous to brown-villous outside, glabrous or occasionally with short whitish pubescence at junction with claw inside; claw thinly brown-villous outside; limb (11-) 12-21 (-25) mm., densely brown-villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705812-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Shrub to small bushy tree (0.3-)1-3(-5) m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Young branches brown-tomentose, glabrescent later, the bark dark grey and flaking off to reveal a brown cortex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Leaves elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, (6-)8-14(-16) × (1.5-)1.8-4.5(-6) cm., (1.7-)2-5(-6) times as long as broad, rounded or occasionally slightly cuneate at the base, the apex usually rounded to emarginate but occasionally acute in narrower leaves, appressed tomentose when very young, appressed pubescent at maturity or rarely ± completely glabrescent Heads (3-)5-8(-9.5) cm. in diameter, sometimes aggregated into clusters. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Middle bracts (0.8-)1.2-2(-2.7) × (0.5-)0.8-1.7(-2.2) cm., rounded or obtuse, appressed pubescent to tomentose, sometimes glabrescent towards the margins, the hairs grey to rusty-brown, often sericeous; inner bracts 2.5-4.5(-5) × 0.4-1 (-1.2) cm., linear-oblong to linear-spathulate, usually ± equalling the flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Flowers (2.5-)3-4.5(-5.5) cm., white but usually with a brown, orange or pink tinge at tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Perianth-base glabrous in the lower part, brown-villous in the upper part; claw brown-villous outside, densely hairy inside; limb (10-)12-15(-20) mm., brown-villous on 3 fused segments but glabrous or shortly pubescent on the fourth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0000484702 morphology A9953007-A925-48FE-808D-57B83A06F918 Seed-hairs pale when fresh but darkening with age in herbarium specimens (fide Beard, loc. cit: 176). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706250-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Shrub to small tree, 1-3(-5) m., with branched stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Young stems spreading-pubescent to tomentose or villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Leaves broadly elliptic to narrowly elliptic or rarely linear-elliptic, (6-)7-10 × (1-)2-4.2 cm., 2-5(-8) times as long as broad, usually ± rounded at base and apex, often tomentose or lanate when young, later with shaggy irregular appressed hairs, glabrescent at maturity, with a dull leathery texture. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Heads 6-7 cm. in diameter, bracts apparently not spreading horizontally nor deflexing at flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Middle bracts 2-3 × 0.8-1.3 cm., obtuse to rounded, usually red, whitish tomentose when young but glabrescent in parts, usually remaining strongly ciliate at margins; inner bracts (3-)3.5-4.5 × 0.6-1 cm., like middle bracts in colour and indumentum, ± equalling the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Flowers 3.5-4.5 cm., at least the perianth-tip red or pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Perianth-base glabrous; claw villous outside with greyish hairs, glabrous or with hairs near margin at base inside; limb 9-11(12) mm., villous with greyish brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0001107105 morphology 7AB9BC1A-A655-45CD-8A77-94E7E97D8268 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706098-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Virgate shrub 0.6-1.3(-l.5) m. high, with simple stems or rarely (especially after damage) with a few branches in upper part, flowering stems usually showing at least 2 bud-scars indicating 3 years’ growth, probably with a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Stems subglabrous to villous at least when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Leaves elliptic or narrowly elliptic to oblong or narrowly oblanceolate, 7-12 × (1.3-)2-4.2(-5.5) cm., (1.5-)2-5 times as long as broad, cuneate to rounded at the base, usually rounded at the apex, pubescent with shaggy irregular appressed hairs and sometimes long appressed hairs intermixed, often glabrescent at maturity, with a dull leathery texture. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Heads (6-)7-9(-ll) cm. in diameter, the bracts usually spreading or deflexed at flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Middle bracts 2.5-3.5 × 1-1.5 cm., obtuse to rounded, brownish or with pink tip, tomentose when young with brownish or greyish hairs but often glabrescent in parts, usually remaining strongly ciliate at margins; inner bracts (3-)4-6.5 × 0.6-1.2 cm., like middle bracts in colour and indumentum, about equalling or slightly exceeding the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Flowers (3.5-)4-5.5 cm., white or occasionally with pink tinge at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Perianth-base glabrous; claw villous outside with rusty-brown hairs, glabrous or with hairs near margin at base inside; limb 10-13(-14) mm., villous with greyish brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000484709 morphology 1C1E50D7-4606-427D-9453-387946F272A4 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706252-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Suffrutex with simple stems up to 1.3 m. high, usually with 2 bud scars at intervals (apparently flowering only in third year of growth). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Stems thinly to densely appressed-pubescent when young to glabrous and dark purplish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Leaves 6-13.5 × 0.4-2 cm., 5-27 times as long as broad, linear to linear-elliptic or linear-lanceolate, cuneate to slightly rounded at the base, obtuse to acute at the apex, glabrous to densely appressed-pubescent when young and sparsely so at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Heads 8-11 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Middle bracts 1.5-3 × 0.6-1.3 cm., obtuse, appressed pubescent, glabrescent towards the margin, light brown to creamy white, deflexed in full flower; inner bracts 4-6 × 0.3-0.8 cm., obtuse to rounded at the apex, indumentum and colour as for middle bracts, deflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Flowers 3.5-5 cm., white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Perianth-base glabrous below and appressed pubescent on upper half, with a few hairs inside the upper part of the margin; claw villous or with long sparse hairs outside; limb 14-18(20) mm., villous with long ascending hairs on the 3 fused segments and the fourth segment glabrescent or with long sparse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0000482965 morphology 53E1D351-B83C-4034-9D79-E832976BAD6F Styles usually hairy towards the base, sometimes villous with long appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705641-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Suffrutex with several erect simple stems 15-35(-50) cm. or rarely with 1-2 branches (particularly after damage). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Stems thinly to densely covered with long hairs, these often stiffly spreading in Tanzania but usually flexuous and deflexed in Malawi. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Leaves narrowly oblong or narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate to linear-elliptic or linear, (2.5-)4-7 × (0.3-)0.4-1.5(-2.5) cm., (2.5-)3-11 times as long as broad, cuneate to rounded at the base, acute to rounded at the apex, loosely appressed-pubescent with flexuous or geniculate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Heads 3-4.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Middle bracts 0.8-1.5 × (0.5-)0.7-l(-1.3) cm., obtuse to rounded, appressed pubescent or glabrescent in patches or occasionally glabrescent all over, brown; inner bracts (l-)1.5-2.5 × 0.3-0.6(-0.8) cm., ± equalling the flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Flowers 1.5-2 cm., white or pink Perianth villous outside except on the lower part of the base and the fourth segment of the limb, glabrous inside except for a few short hairs on the margin of the junction of base and claw; limb 5-6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107107 morphology FD179417-AE09-44CB-8EEC-8CBFB55B27A2 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705842-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Suffrutex with stems to 35 cm. long, decumbent to ascending with leaves and flower-heads mostly projecting upwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Leaves elliptic to linear-oblanceolate, (4-)5-10(-11) × 1.6-3 cm., 2.5-5 times as long as broad, cuneate at base, obtuse to rounded at the apex, glabrous to sparsely irregularly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Heads 4-5 cm. in diameter, borne ± at right-angles to the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Middle bracts ± 2.7 × 1.3 cm., rounded, glabrous except for ciliate margin; inner bracts 4 × 0.7 cm., linear-oblong. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Flowers ± 2.5 cm. long, ?(see original description) white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Perianth-claw ± 1 cm., glabrous; limb 7-9 mm., glabrescent except for tuft of hairs at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107136 morphology E6AB78CF-F3AA-44A2-A276-4A96B895D222 Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:706054-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Suffrutex with stems to 35 cm., decumbent with leaves and flower heads all projected upwards to occasionally suberect and with leaves all round the stem and flower head erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Leaves linear-elliptic to linear-oblanceolate or oblanceolate (6-)8-13(-15) × (0.8-)1-2(2.8) cm., 4-11 times as long as broad, long-cuneate at base and occasionally subpedicellate, acute to rounded at apex, glabrous to appressed-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Heads 5-8 cm. in diameter, usually held ± at right-angles to the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Middle bracts (1.5-)2-3(-3.5) × 0.8-1.5 cm., obtuse to rounded, glabrous or occasionally shortly appressed-pubescent and glabrescent, with conspicuously ciliate margin, green to red; inner bracts (2.5-)3-5(-7) × 0.4-0.8 cm., linear-oblong. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Flowers 3-6 cm. long, pink or rarely white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Perianth-base glabrous; claw 2-3 cm., villous outside and inside; limb 8-13 mm., rather sparsely covered with long ascending hairs to villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107104 morphology A24705B1-47BA-4C27-8334-321374013A2B Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:971417-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Suffrutex with very numerous stiffly erect stems 30-70 cm. high, simple or (? only after damage) sparsely branched with terminal heads. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Stems 1-2 mm. in diameter, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Leaves linear to linear-spathulate, 4-8 × 0.3-0.6 cm., 12-20 times as long as broad, long-cuneate at the base, subacute to subobtuse at the apex, obscurely veined, glabrous, stiffly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Heads 3-4 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Middle bracts 1-1.5 × 0.6-0.9 cm., subacute to obtuse or rounded, reddish brown, glabrous; inner bracts linear-oblong, 1.7-2.5 × 0.2-0.3 cm., equalling to slightly exceeding the flowers, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Flowers white or ? pink, 1.7-2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Perianth-base and claw glabrous outside, densely villous inside; limb glabrous, 4.5-6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107137 morphology 558166DD-28C4-44D4-A0D2-E662202A56D2 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705917-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Suffrutex with simple erect stems 15-50(-65) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Stems 2-4 mm. in diameter, subglabrous to deflexed-villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Leaves linear to linear-elliptic or rarely elliptic, 3.5-6.0 × 0.2-1.0(-l.5) cm., (3-)5-25 times as long as broad (in F.T.E.A. area linear, 0.2-0.3 cm. broad and 20-25 times as long as broad), rather stiff and shiny, glabrous or with sparse long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Heads 6-9 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Middle bracts 1.5-3.0 × 0.7-1.0 cm., acute to rounded, glabrous except for ciliate margins, or appressed-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Flowers 3-4 cm., pink or ? white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0001107138 morphology 2FE10AC4-3163-4F36-9C50-6AC8F6556380 Perianth-claw villous; limb ?10-16 mm. (not seen in F.T.E.A. material). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:705883-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Climbing, glabrous shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Stems to 5 m., slender, woody, terete to ribbed or angular, flexuose, basally often armed with small prickles, 1-3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Leaves alternate; petiole 0.5-2.5 cm. long, with pair of long, firm, spirally curled tendrils at base; blade circular to oblong, 4-17 cm. long, 1.5-12 cm. broad, acute or obtuse, cuspidate, rounded, obscurely cordate or occasionally cuneate at the base, subcoriaceous, 5-7-nerved including marginal nerves, reticulately nerved between. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Inflorescence of dense, solitary, shortly peduncled, many-flowered axillary umbels; peduncles 0.8-2 cm. long, with a pair of persistent, ovate, amplexicaul obtuse bracteoles; pedicels longer than the flowers, 0.4-1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Perianth-segments linear to oblong, obtuse, 3-5 mm., greenish white, brownish or yellowish, the inner narrower than the outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Stamens equal to or shorter than perianth, 3 sterile; anthers oblong, much shorter than the filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Ovary obovoid to ellipsoid, 2 mm. long; stigmas papillose, 1/3 the length of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Berry purple or black, 8-10 mm. wide, 1-2-seeded; pedicel 0.4-2.2 cm. long, articulated at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740727 morphology 41E96A71-DA2D-4811-8EA0-A303579C6658 Seeds greyish purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541268-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Climbing or creeping, glabrous shrub to 15 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Stems 4-6-angled, flexuose, unarmed or prickly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Leaves alternate; petiole 1-2 cm., not thickened towards apex, with long tendrils inserted at base; blade triangular, oblong, ovate, lanceolate, sometimes reniform, sometimes blotched with white, 3-15 cm. long, 2-7 cm. broad, acute to acuminate at the apex, cordate, hastate, truncate or sagittate at the base, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, 5-9-nerved, petiole, margins, adaxial midrib and nerves beneath sometimes prickly, prickles 1-3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Inflorescence of sessile and subsessile umbels, inserted distichously along an extended flexuose rhachis, 1.5-15 cm. long; bracteoles very small; pedicels 2-9 mm., longer than the flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Perianth-segments linear-oblong to elliptic, obtuse, 2-4(-5) × 1 mm., white, cream, greenish, pink, yellowish or brownish, fragrant; inner segments equal to or more often shorter and narrower than outer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Stamens shorter than the perianth; anthers yellow-green, shorter than the filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Staminodes 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Ovary green; stigmas oblong, recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Capsules membranous to coriaceous, ± globose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 morphology 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 Seeds ± globose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000020581 distribution 164C9FD8-AB92-402E-9330-261B3024BB33 40 SPECIES, widespread across sub-Saharan Africa from Nigeria and Ethiopia to the south-western Cape, South Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20395-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Perennial with small globose corms with membranous to fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Leaves few, the lower 2-3 entirely sheathing (cataphylls); foliage leaves lanceolate, lightly plicate, only the lowermost basal and attached to the stem near ground-level, upper foliage leaves cauline and smaller urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Stem compressed and winged, unbranched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Inflorescence a spike; bracts green, fairly large urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Flowers white, actinomorphic, with a long perianth-tube; tepals subequal or the dorsal somewhat hooded urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Stamens included in the tube, unilateral, pressed against the adaxial part of the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Style included in the tube, filiform, 3-branched, the branches deeply divided and recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Capsules oblong, coriaceous, showing the outline of the seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Seeds several per locule, globose, hard, ± smooth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 For a long time included in Lapeirousia on account of its deeply divided style-branches, the genus seems isolated taxonomically urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Its round-based corms do not accord with the flat-based, campanulate corms with hard, often woody tunics of Lapeirousia urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000034192 morphology E48E76B3-412C-48B7-AA6A-E061E3988238 Nevertheless, it seems most closely related to that widespread African genus. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20475-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Evergreen perennials with large persistent corms with coarsely fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Leaves several, the lower 2-3 sheathing the base (cataphylls), these often dry and becoming fibrous; foliage leaves linear, plane, with many strong parallel fibro-vascular veins, often without a midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Stem terete, slender and wiry, usually branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Inflorescence a spike, the axes wiry, usually drooping, or erect; bracts scarious, solid or membranous, then often translucent, lacerate above and usually brown-streaked or veined urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Flowers usually pink (also red, purple, yellow or white in southern Africa), actinomorphic, usually pendent and campanulate, with a fairly short funnel-shaped tube; tepals subequal, including the stamens and often the style urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Stamens symmetrically disposed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Style exserted from the tube, seldom from perianth, the branches simple, short, filiform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Capsules globose, coriaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000011682 morphology B26593DE-3A03-4F98-9678-C9F1E972B0F6 Seeds globose or lightly angled, hard, smooth and often shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20306-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Perennials with small corms with woody to coriaceous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Leaves few-several, the lower 2-3 membranous and entirely sheathing (cataphylls), foliage leaves lanceolate to linear (rarely terete), the blades plane or sometimes with raised margins and midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Stem simple or occasionally branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Inflorescence a spike; bracts green or membranous to dry apically, the inner smaller than the outer and bicarinate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Flowers actinomorphic, hypocrateriform (zygomorphic in one South African SPECIES), usually white or pink and frequently closed in the day and opening in the evening; tepals united in a cylindric or curved tube, subequal, spread horizontally or cupped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Filaments straight, exserted (included in a few South African SPECIES and unilateral in one); anthers facing inwards or articulated on the filaments and horizontal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Style usually dividing at the mouth of the tube (or within the tube in a few South African SPECIES), the branches long and spreading, stigmatic along the entire length urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Capsules broadly ovoid to cylindric, sometimes dehiscing only in the upper third urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000017609 morphology 7C8763A3-4AF0-4977-B46D-DC55E54064A1 Seeds many, subglobose to angular, sometimes lightly winged on the angles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20362-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Perennials with small globose corms with woody to cartilaginous or papery tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Leaves few-several, the lower 2-3 entirely sheathing (cataphylls), membranous or firm and green, foliage leaves all basal, 1-several, linear to ± filiform, the margins and midribs raised and often winged, thus with 2 narrow longitudinal grooves on each surface, the blade oval to terete in transverse section with 2 sinuses on each surface between the margin and the midrib, occasionally nearly plane with lightly thickened margins and midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Stem short, aerial or subterranean, sometimes above ground in fruit, simple or branched, the branching usually below the ground urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Inflorescence composed of solitary flowers terminal on the peduncles, the flowers each subtended by 2 opposed bracts; bracts green, often the margins membranous to scarious and pale or ferrugineous, occasionally the inner bract entirely dry urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Flowers actinomorphic, cupulate (hypocrateriform in a few South African SPECIES), variously coloured, often yellow in the centre; tepals united in a short to long tube, subequal, usually ascending below and spreading above urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Filaments erect, ± contiguous, sometimes united; anthers diverging or contiguous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Ovary ovoid, style dividing at or above the level of the anthers, the branches short, usually divided for half their length urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Capsules oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000033447 morphology 72A15E6E-3E1A-46F2-91C3-7179455F8278 Seeds several per locule, ± globose or lightly angled, hard, glossy or matt. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20471-1 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Perennials with corms with fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Leaves several, the lower 1-2 entirely sheathing (cataphylls); foliage leaves plane, firm or soft-textured urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Inflorescence a spike, usually flexed at the base; bracts herbaceous to coriaceous, the inner shorter than the outer, often brown at apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Flowers zygomorphic, shades of pink to red, or whitish usually with contrasting darker markings on the lower 3 tepals; perianth-tube well developed, either slender and cylindric throughout or narrowly campanulate; tepals subequal or the upper larger and erect and the 3 lower inclined to horizontal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Stamens unilateral and arcuate, filaments usually mostly included; anthers parallel and contiguous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Ovary globose-oblong; style exserted, the branches filiform, each deeply divided and recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Capsules globose, coriaceous, usually papillate to rugose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000015033 morphology FD4642FD-5379-45B4-A1F2-6A2ADB873D84 Seeds few-many per locule, oblong to globose, glossy, smooth or ruminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331198-2 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Perennials with globose corms with fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Leaves several-many, the lower 2 entirely sheathing (cataphylls); foliage leaves mostly basal, or the upper cauline, blades mostly plane (in South Africa sometimes terete or the margins broadly winged) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Inflorescence an erect or inclined spike; bracts membranous to scarious, the outer often 3-dentate and the inner 3-dentate and shorter to ± as long as the outer urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Flowers often orange, or yellow, pink or purple, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, then with stamens unilateral and arcuate; tube short to long; tepals subequal or bilabiate then often the lower 3 each with an adaxial, tooth-like median callus urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Style 3-branched, the branches filiform, somewhat broadened above urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Capsules globose to ellipsoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000039407 morphology 1EBA1310-7D9F-4B29-AA16-963A02E197F7 Seeds numerous per locule, angular to globose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20525-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Perennials with large persistent corms with fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Leaves several, the lower 2-3 sheathing the base (cataphylls); foliage leaves plane or plicate, mostly basal, the cauline much reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Stem terete, usually branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Inflorescence a spike, usually inclined or horizontal; bracts coriaceous, fairly short, the inner ± as long as the outer urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Flowers shades of orange to reddish, actinomorphic to strongly zygomorphic with stamens then arched under the upper tepal, this sometimes much larger than the others; tube cylindric, funnel-shaped or dimorphic curved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Style exserted, the branches filiform or apically broadened, entire or notched apically urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Capsules globose to depressed and 3-lobed, ± coriaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000009738 morphology CB32259E-5CEC-4987-99C6-71DEC5A4546F Seeds globose, smooth or lightly wrinkled, few per locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20292-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Perennials with globose corms with membranous to fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Leaves few, the lower 2-3 sheathing the base (cataphylls) and membranous, foliage leaves synanthous and 2-4, ± plicate or folded, usually with at least 2 major veins and lacking a distinct midrib, the lowermost largest, the upper smaller and becoming mostly to entirely sheathing (or leaves of the flowering shoot sheathing and elaminate, then laminate foliage leaves sometimes produced on separate shoots after flowering) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Stem terete, often with several diverging branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA spike with many flowers per axis; bracts firm-textured, short, dry only apically or becoming dry and rust-coloured entirely, the outer acute, the inner bilobed, slightly shorter to slightly longer than the inner urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Flowers zygomorphic, relatively small; tepals united in a short tube, unequal, linear-spathulate, obtuse, the dorsal much exceeding the others, arched over the stamens, the lower 3 smallest and channelled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Stamens unilateral and arcuate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Style arching over the stamens, undivided, stigmatic apically urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Capsule globose-trigonous (but often only 1 or 2 locules developed) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000041355 morphology 4E3C3DB0-D180-4770-BF2A-7AFEFFDF15EA Seeds globose to ellipsoid, glossy, with an obscurely reticulate surface, 1, rarely 2, per locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20550-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Perennial with corms with membranous to lightly fibrous tunics urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Leaves several, the lower 2-3 membranous and entirely sheathing (cataphylls), foliage leaves narrowly lanceolate, the blades plane with lightly raised margins and midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Stem compressed and angled, simple or with 1-3 branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Inflorescence a secund spike; bracts green or somewhat membranous to dry apically, the inner usually shorter than the outer urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Flowers zygomorphic, the tepals united in a long tube, the dorsal largest and arched over the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Stamens unilateral and arcuate, the filaments exserted from the tube; anthers parallel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Style dividing opposite or beyond the anthers, the branches filiform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Capsules globose, membranous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000032462 morphology 7BC5898B-05AA-4D38-A2E9-D052803411D7 Seeds few (2-4) per locule, ± globose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20463-1 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Small plants, up to 20 cm. tall urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Rhizome very short; roots ± swollen, without tubers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Cataphylls membranous, often hidden by fibrous remnants from previous years’ leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Leaves in a basal rosette, linear to ± succulent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Peduncles leafless, often several to a plant, reduced, within the leaf rosette, or elongated, up to 15 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Inflorescence umbel-like (pedicels then emerging from inside the leaf rosette) or a simple raceme; pedicels 1 per node, subtended by a single bract, never articulated urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Perianth persistent as fruit matures urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Tepals white, often with greenish tinge or stripe outside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Filaments filiform, smooth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Capsule rounded or shallowly 3-lobed in cross-section urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000002397 morphology E17F547A-7923-4E75-9113-86C8FDBE85C0 Seeds turgid, only slightly folded. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006823-2 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Plants very variable in size and robustness, from 5 cm. to more than 1 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Rhizome reduced or prominent, sometimes moniliform (that is consisting of a series of attached corms in a chain); roots either swollen without tubers or ± wiry with distinct tubers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Leaves in a basal rosette, rosulate or distichous, linear to broadly lanceolate, sometimes narrowed towards the base to a petiole urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Peduncles reduced or elongated up to 50 cm., leafless or with ± bract-like leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Inflorescence spicate, racemose or paniculate, with multibracteate nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Pedicels, with very few exceptions, with a distinct joint (articulated), sometimes only one at each node, but in most species several (multi-nate) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Flowers open, star-shaped, urceolate to almost bell-shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Tepals white to yellowish green, with or without greenish or reddish stripes on the outside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Stamens straight or declinate; filaments filiform or fusiform, glabrous or papillate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Ovary sessile, rarely stipitate; style declinate or straight urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Capsule, ± triangular (trigonous) to deeply 3-lobed (triquetrous) in cross-section urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Seeds thin, flat or sharply folded. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000008015 morphology 916C8F2D-01CD-4060-8230-84C4F78E3A59 Rhizome reduced or prominent, sometimes moniliform (that is consisting of a series of attached corms in a chain); roots either swollen without tubers or ± wiry with distinct tubers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24132-1 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Scapes single, often twisted, enclosed at the base by a tubular sheath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Involucral bracts of the capitulum scarious to coriaceous, spreading or reflexed at maturity; floral bracts frequently white-hairy towards the tip urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Flowers sessile or pedicellate on the central receptacle, male and female mixed or the female around the periphery (especially in annuals) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Sepals free or ± connate especially in the male flowers, usually free in the female, often navicular, sometimes winged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Petals with a subapical or apical black gland on the inner face, or the glands sometimes reduced or absent, often white-hairy at the tip; male petals all very small or one enlarged and exserted from the capitulum urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Stamens twice as many as the petals (except E. angustibracteum ); anthers black or white urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000013809 morphology EFEF3311-F648-4657-9CCD-11267B808CBF Seeds relatively large, ellipsoid, yellow to reddish brown, smooth or distinctively patterned. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001179-2 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Perennials from a stout tough rhizome or rarely slender annuals (annuals confined to West Africa); leaves and scapes frequently hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Leaves in a basal rosette, linear, spongy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Scapes few, unbranched, many-ribbed, arising from the leaf axils; sheaths obliquely slit, the limb acute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Capitulum globose or flattened; involucral bracts in several imbricate series, coriaceous with scarious margins, innermost sometimes radiating beyond the periphery of the white-hairy floral disc; floral bracts and flowers embedded in a woolly cushion of long receptacular hairs; floral bracts filiform with expanded hairy tips; flowers trimerous, pedicellate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Male flowers: sepals usually membranous, oblanceolate-oblong, concave, free or basally connate; petals connate into a fleshy infundibular tube with shallowly 3-lobed upper margin and basal stipe, petal-bases sometimes free, forming slits in petal-tube, 3 epipetalous glands towards the top within; stamens 6, arising from base of petal-tube; anthers yellowish, exserted above the corolla-rim at anthesis, later retracted into petal-tube; vestigial gynoecium present urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Female flowers: sepals free, resembling the male sepals, caducous; petals free at the base around the ovary, connate above into a fleshy cylindrical tube or sometimes free to the middle, equalling or longer than the sepals, glabrous or villous both outside and within, 3 linear brownishglands inserted ± 2/3 up the inside, petal-tube thinner above level of gland insertion, densely white-pilose at tip urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-4000023833 morphology 9C3F0F28-A078-4407-9DE5-B0A807F1636B Seeds subglobose, brown, densely covered in white hair-like projections. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14925-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Perianth whitish (translucent), turning brownish after anthesis; tepals semi-patent, 8–15 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, usually 5-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Stamens equal to to shorter than the tepals; filaments fusiform, widest in upper half, scabrid, 3–5 mm. long, somewhat shorter than the 4–6 mm. long anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Style declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Capsule deltate in cross-section, emarginate, 6–11 mm. long, usually somewhat longer than wide, blackish when dehiscing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Seeds saucer-shaped, ± 2–2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763459 morphology C121A5BC-7174-4B02-A1EB-4D6FAB417468 Fig. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532952-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Plants growing single or clumped, variable, 10–40 cm. high, drying blackish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Rhizome small, with fibrous remains of old leaf-bases; roots ± spongy, with elongate tubers near the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Leaves sometimes slightly hysteranthous, rosulate, olive-green above, paler beneath, lanceolate, moderately firm, clasping the peduncle; lamina glabrous, 10–30 cm. long, ± canaliculate, 1.5–4(–7) cm. wide, margins hyaline and ciliate; cataphylls orange to purplish or with coloured veins, with ciliate and often crisped margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Peduncle leafless, terete, glabrous, 5–40 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Inflorescence usually unbranched, occasionally with a few short branches at the base, 8–15 cm. long; rhachis papillate to pubescent; floral bracts linear to lanceolate, lower ones up to 25 mm. long, often shortly ciliate and hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Pedicels articulated near to distinctly above the middle, 3–10 mm. long, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Perianth whitish tinged greenish cream to brownish, slightly urceolate near the base; tepals ± reflexed, 6–8 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, 3–5-veined, scabrid on margins and veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments fusiform, scabrid to papillose, 3–5 mm. long, longer than the 1.5–2 mm. long, orange-yellow anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Style straight, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Capsule obovoid, emarginate, triquetrous, 6–10 mm. long, usually longer than broad, with persistent perianth-remnants at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763245 morphology B5B1CA2E-5AD9-456F-BBB0-873F85EA3B5A Seeds disc-shaped, 2.5–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532769-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Plants 15–35 cm. high, drying blackish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Rhizome short; roots ± spongy, apparently without tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Leaves rosulate, broadly lanceolate, strongly clasping the peduncle; lamina glabrous, 6–15 cm. long, 4–7 cm. wide, margins brownish hyaline and ciliate; cataphylls with ciliate and often crisped margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Peduncle leafless, terete, glabrous, 10–20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Inflorescence unbranched or with a few short branches at the base, 8–15 cm. long; floral bracts linear to lanceolate, lower ones up to 25 mm. long, often shortly ciliate and hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Pedicels articulated near the middle, up to 4 mm. long, 2–5-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Perianth greenish cream to brownish, slightly urceolate near the base; tepals ± reflexed, 6–8 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, 3–5-veined, patent except for the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Stamens shorter than the perianth; filaments fusiform, scabrid to papillose, 3–5 mm. long, longer than the 1.5–2 mm. long, orange-yellow anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Style straight, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763213 morphology 37DF254E-0878-443D-91A3-9B13344DCAFE Capsule not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532740-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Plants often clumped, 25–45 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Rhizome short, vertical, moniliform; roots narrowly spongy to softly fibrous, bearing rounded tubers towards the tips, rarely on lateral branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Leaves rosulate, oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at the base, attenuate, 5–40 cm. long, 0.5–4 cm. wide, flat, fimbriate and crisped at the (occasionally reddish) ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Peduncle terete, as long as the leaves, shallowly angled, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Inflorescence usually an unbranched, dense raceme, sometimes forked at the base; floral bracts lanceolate, ciliate, abruptly narrowed to a bristle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Pedicels articulated above the middle, ± 5 mm. long in fruit, 2–5-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Perianth white, slightly urceolate; tepals papillate, 4.5–6 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, 3–5-veined, somewhat reflexed at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments fusiform, papillose, 3–4 mm. long; anthers 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Ovary papillate; style straight, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Capsule deltate to slightly 3-lobed in cross-section, emarginate, papillate, tuberculate or transversely lined when mature, ± 4 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Seeds saucer-shaped, ± 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763249 morphology 39FB4DD7-5DA1-4568-82AB-368F0A7F0860 Fig. 10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532773-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Plants 10–30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Rhizome short, vertical, moniliform; roots medium thick with distal tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Leaves drying blackish, rosulate, glabrous, ± petiolate, lanceolate, clasping at the base, broadest at the middle, 10–40 cm. long, 2–5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Peduncle terete, often with a single bract below the inflorescence, glabrous, 1–3(–6) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Inflorescence unbranched, occasionally with a single appressed branch at the base, dense, up to 10 cm. long; rhachis subterete, shallowly angled, glabrous; floral bracts lanceolate, glabrous, up to 4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Pedicels articulated at the apex, ± 2 mm. long in flower, up to 6 mm. long in fruit, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Perianth whitish to greenish; tepals 5–7 mm. long, 3–5-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long; filaments filiform, ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Capsule deeply triquetrous, 6–7 mm. long, ± 5.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763617 morphology 8E1F224D-74AC-4DE8-9E2E-4549487D8EA8 Seeds saucer-shaped, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533076-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Plants up to 5 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Rhizome short, carrying narrow roots with elongated tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Leaves in a prostrate rosette, oblanceolate, petiolate, obtuse, glabrous, up to 20 cm. long and 4–8 cm. wide, rather thick with prominent veins, occasionally undulate and ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Peduncle terete, up to 2 cm. long, so that the inflorescence appears at ground-level among the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Inflorescence up to 4 cm. long, dense, often branched, sometimes looking almost capitate; floral bracts large, up to 10 mm. long, often ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Pedicels apparently not articulated, ± 5 mm. long, often reflexed in fruit, several at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Perianth white; tepals 6–8 mm. long, 5-veined; stamens as long as the perianth; anthers ± 2 mm. long, shorter than the filiform filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Style filiform, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Capsule shallowly trigonous, ± 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Seeds saucer-shaped, ± 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763358 morphology CCF43060-A6DF-43E9-98F5-F2CE5E2B71FD Fig. 11/1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532865-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Plants small, often in patches, up to 3.5 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Rhizome not distinct; roots short, ± spongy, with elongated tubers, roots sometimes reduced to sessile or subsessile elongated tuberous structures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Leaves rosulate, ± prostrate, 1–4 to a plant, rarely more, oblanceolate, thinly membranous, glabrous, (2.5–)5–15 cm. long, (1.5–)3–10 cm. wide; margins crisped, in SW. Tanzania a form occurs with red ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Peduncle reduced, up to 1(–3) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Inflorescence unbranched, dense, 2–5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Pedicels apparently without articulation, 1–5 mm. long, several at each node. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Perianth white; tepals 4–5 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments fusiform and papillate, 2.5–5 mm. long, longer than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Ovary sessile, with ± 5 ovules per locule; style straight, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Capsule shallowly deltoid, smooth, ± 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Seeds slightly folded, saucer-shaped, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763568 morphology B7729451-B90F-40BF-925D-EF37D7C67EEC Fig. 11/2–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533041-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 A variable complex of plants with ± lax leaves and peduncles, sometimes drying blackish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Rhizome short, vertical or sometimes horizontal with elongated internodes; roots ± spongy, often with spindle-shaped tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Leaves rosulate, petiolate or not, lanceolate to strap-shaped, usually glabrous, 10–60(–100) cm. long, 1–3(–4) cm. wide, sometimes with scabrid margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Peduncles often more than one to a plant, 5–20(–50) cm. long, erect to ± drooping, glabrous to scabrid, with a few sterile bracts just below the inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Inflorescence 10–50(–75 cm.), usually simple, sometimes ± paniculate; rhachis sometimes somewhat scabrid, internode elongation varies considerably giving dense to extremely lax inflorescences; floral bracts 5–20 mm., acute to acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Small plantlets often produced from the bracts of the inflorescence (pseudovivipary). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Pedicels articulated in upper half, 4–10 mm. long, slightly reflexed during anthesis, erect in fruit, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Perianth slightly urceolate, whitish, often keeled greenish outside and apically; tepals patent to somewhat reflexed at anthesis, 4–7 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, 3-veined, with scabrid margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Stamens exserted; filaments fusiform, dilated above the middle, scabrid to papillose, 3–5 mm. long, longer than the 1–2.5 mm. long, versatile anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Style straight, as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Capsule triquetrous to deltate, emarginate, usually somewhat broader than long, 4–9 mm. long, 5–9(–11) mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763291 morphology A55A9782-72E7-416F-B47F-291407A12A14 Seeds saucer-shaped, slightly folded, 2–3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532810-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Plants 10–70 cm. high, immediately drying black when cut or when drying, often with a creeping stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Rhizome usually elongated, horizontal to ascendent; roots thick, spongy expanding distally to spindle-shaped tubers 1–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Leaves rosulate, petiolate, petioles 10–20 cm. long, expanded and sheathing in lower parts; lamina broadly lanceolate, glabrous, never undulate, 12–50 cm. long, (3–)5–10 cm. wide, attenuate and apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Peduncle terete, leafless (or with a few sterile bracts connected to the inflorescence), stout, 2–50 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Inflorescence 5–30 cm. long, condensed or lax, usually unbranched, sometimes with 1–2 branches in lower part; rhachis ± scabrid; lower bracts 1.5–16 cm., ordinary flower bracts 1–2.5 cm., enveloping buds and pedicels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Pedicels articulated in the upper third and in forms with reduced peduncle and condensed inflorescence, just below the flower; whitish, particularly above the articulation, 6–8 mm. long in fruit, 3–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Perianth whitish, sometimes with green tips, turning brownish immediately after anthesis, slightly urceolate; tepals patent above the constriction, 5.5–7 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Stamens shorter to as long as the tepals; filaments fusiform, 3–5 mm. long, widest in upper half, scabrid; anthers 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Style slightly declinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Capsule triquetrous in cross-section, emarginate, (5–)7–13 mm. long, generally distinctly longer than wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763340 morphology 970DE809-B2EC-43FE-BC22-F87902EB4AB5 Seeds saucer-shaped, several (± 8) per locule, 1.5–2 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532851-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Plants 20–40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Rhizome short; roots thick, spongy, with elongated distal tubers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Leaves drying black, rosulate, petiolate, obovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, truncate to cordate, 6–19 cm. long, 3–7 cm. wide; margins wavy with minute teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Peduncle terete, 8–20 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Inflorescence paniculate to unbranched and lax; bracts supporting the branches (and floral bracts) relatively small, lower ones up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Pedicels articulated above the middle, 8–10 mm. long, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Perianth greenish white; tepals 4–6 mm. long, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Stamens as long as the perianth; filaments papillate-rough, longer than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Style filiform, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Capsule deeply triquetrous, 3–4 mm. long, 4–8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763427 morphology 48FFE668-4304-4620-B9F7-0F545ED546A6 Seeds flat, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532927-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Small plants up to 15 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Rhizome short; roots rather thin with tubers on short lateral branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Leaves drying yellowish brown, rosulate, sheathing, with distinctly canaliculate petiole, 5–10 cm. long; lamina forming a distinct angle somewhere between 90° and 180° with the petiole so that it is parallel with the soil surface, 10–20cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, papillose below at least along the midvein, distinct teeth along the margin, leaf-base attenuate, apex obtuse to acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Peduncle slender, 5–20 cm. long, scabrid to papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Inflorescence a lax raceme, 8–20 cm. long, simple or slightly branched at the base with ± pubescent rhachis; floral bracts papillose, 7–18 mm., obovoid, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Pedicels articulated in lower half, 5–6 mm. long in flower, up to 12 mm. in fruit, scabrid to pubescent, 2–4-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Perianth white; tepals patent, 5–8 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Filaments fusiform, 2–4 mm. long, with scale-like papillae; anthers ± 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Capsule trigonous, ± 5–7 mm. long, 5–9 mm. wide, with truncate base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763391 morphology F9D8C8E3-1B61-4DE6-A310-D499EB1EBB53 Seeds 2 per locule, saucer-shaped, relatively large, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:532896-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Slender grass-like plants up to 25 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Rhizome short; roots rather thin with tubers along the main axes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Leaves drying yellowish brown, rosulate, linear, without a distinct petiole, 12–25 cm. long, up to 0.5 cm. wide, apex acute, glabrous except for cilia along the margin, particularly in the apical parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Peduncle slender, ± 5 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Inflorescence a lax raceme, 3–10 cm. long, simple or slightly branched at the base, with glabrous rhachis; floral bracts obovoid, 3–10 mm. long, acute, toothed apically. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Pedicels articulated in lower half, 7–8 mm. long in fruit, glabrous, 1–2-nate at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Perianth white; tepals 4–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Filaments fusiform and papillate, 3–3.5 mm. long; anthers ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Capsule trigonous, 6–9 mm. long, 7–9 mm. wide, widest near the apex, attenuate and slightly stipitate, at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000763639 morphology FBCC15ED-0FE3-4610-A020-7D0C343E4A23 Seeds few per locule, saucer-shaped, up to 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:533094-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Aquatic; stem floating below the surface, slender, elongate, branching, up to 50 cm. or more long, densely clothed in numerous leaves, terminating in a stiff umbel of 1–20 scapes emergent above the water surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Leaves filiform, yellow-green, flaccid, 3–10 cm. long, 0.1–0.3 mm. wide, 1-nerved, fenestrate, not sheathing at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Scapes up to 30 cm. high, 5–7-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, loose, parallel-sided, shortly 1–3-fid at the mouth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Capitulum depressed-globose, (2–)3–5(–6) mm. diameter, blackish or white-pubescent; involucral bracts shorter than the capitulum width, blackish, scarious, obovate-oblong to suborbicular, broadly rounded, weakly reflexing at maturity; floral bracts cuneate-oblong, blackish, concave, acute, the inner sometimes white-papillose on the back; receptacle glabrous or thinly pilose; flowers trimerous, 0.9–1.4 mm. long, pedicellate, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000872141 morphology C7918CCD-7A3B-4E86-975F-D6FF78981CCA Panicle loosely ovate, sometimes linear with the branches close to the axis, 12–30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403521-1 wfo-0000872141 morphology C7918CCD-7A3B-4E86-975F-D6FF78981CCA Spikelets (2–)3–7-flowered, narrowly oblong, 10–17 mm. long; lower glume 3–4.5 mm. long, the upper 4–5.5 mm. long; lemmas narrowly oblong-elliptic, 7–9 mm. long, smooth or scaberulous, awned from 0.5–1 mm. below the acute hyaline tip; awn 8–15 mm. long; palea as long as or slightly longer than the lemma, its keels scabrid; ovary glabrous; anthers 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403521-1 wfo-0000871024 morphology 9FF100C4-032A-43AF-A67A-8D7ECD31FB5D Loosely tufted perennial, with slender rhizomes; culms 1–2 m. high, robust, the nodes dark purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403074-1 wfo-0000871024 morphology 9FF100C4-032A-43AF-A67A-8D7ECD31FB5D Leaf-blades 25–40 cm. long and 7–17 mm. wide, flat, coarse, without auricles; leaf-sheaths glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403074-1 wfo-0000871024 morphology 9FF100C4-032A-43AF-A67A-8D7ECD31FB5D Panicle narrowly ovate, 20–30 cm. long, the primary branches flexuous, spreading, with the spikelets clustered towards their tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403074-1 wfo-0000871024 morphology 9FF100C4-032A-43AF-A67A-8D7ECD31FB5D Spikelets 3–5-flowered, linear-oblong, 10–12 mm. long, green or purplish; lower glume 4–5.5 mm. long, the upper 5–7 mm. long; lemmas ovate-elliptic, the lower 6–8 mm. long, scabrid, awned from ± 1 mm. below the acutely bidentate hyaline tip; awn 9–15 mm. long; palea exceeding the lemma, the keels scaberulous; ovary glabrous; anthers 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403074-1 wfo-0000869819 morphology 459C00BB-F272-4AB1-A505-FEF80502DE00 Tufted perennial; culms 45–180 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30186279-2 wfo-0000869819 morphology 459C00BB-F272-4AB1-A505-FEF80502DE00 Leaf-blades 10–60 cm. long and 3–12 mm. wide, flat, with minutely hairy falcate auricles; leaf-sheaths glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30186279-2 wfo-0000869819 morphology 459C00BB-F272-4AB1-A505-FEF80502DE00 Panicle lanceolate to ovate, 10–50 cm. long, loose or contracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30186279-2 wfo-0000869819 morphology 459C00BB-F272-4AB1-A505-FEF80502DE00 Spikelets closely 3–10-flowered, elliptic to oblong, 10–18 mm. long; lower glume 3–6 mm. long, the upper 4.5–7 mm. long; lemmas narrowly ovate, 6–9 mm. long, awnless or with a fine bristle up to 4 mm. long from just below the hyaline tip; palea as long as the lemma; ovary glabrous; anthers 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30186279-2 wfo-0000870180 morphology 483427C6-3B55-4F78-B1F0-46A193F16E88 Densely tufted perennial; culms 60 cm. to 1 m. high, the base sub-bulbous and thickly clad in the fibrous remnants of old leaf-sheaths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402585-1 wfo-0000870180 morphology 483427C6-3B55-4F78-B1F0-46A193F16E88 Leaf-blades 15–50 cm. long and 2–4 mm. wide, mostly involute; ligule 1–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402585-1 wfo-0000870180 morphology 483427C6-3B55-4F78-B1F0-46A193F16E88 Panicle 10–20 cm. long, loose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402585-1 wfo-0000870180 morphology 483427C6-3B55-4F78-B1F0-46A193F16E88 Spikelets 3–6-flowered, oblong, 10–20 mm. long, gaping, often tinged with pink or purple; glumes unequal, the lower 3.5–6.5 mm. long, the upper 4–8 mm. long; lemmas ± indurated, scaberulous, the lower 6.5–10 mm. long, narrowly obtuse, often with an obscure subapical mucro less than 1 mm. long; palea as long as the lemma, the keels scabrid; ovary glabrous or hairy on the top; anthers 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402585-1 wfo-0000870839 morphology 334AAD02-62A2-445B-BC27-48A0882DAB6B Densely caespitose perennial; culms 14–20 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402941-1 wfo-0000870839 morphology 334AAD02-62A2-445B-BC27-48A0882DAB6B Leaf-blades basal, acicular, up to 10 cm. long, erect; ligule 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402941-1 wfo-0000870839 morphology 334AAD02-62A2-445B-BC27-48A0882DAB6B Panicle narrow, spiciform, 4–7 cm. long, the branches scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402941-1 wfo-0000870839 morphology 334AAD02-62A2-445B-BC27-48A0882DAB6B Spikelets 2–3-flowered, 5–7 mm. long, green, herbaceous; glumes subequal, longer than the lowest floret and almost as long as the spikelet, the lower 4.5–5 mm. long, 3-nerved, the upper 5–6 mm. long, 3–5-nerved; lemmas keeled in the upper half, obtuse, awnless, the lowest 4–5 mm. long; palea shorter than the lemma, the keels minutely ciliolate; ovary glabrous; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402941-1 wfo-0000870060 morphology 2BEFDFA7-636A-45F3-BFF9-20A539E78050 Densely tufted perennial; culms 30–90 cm. high, the base clad in the fibrous remnants of old leaf-sheaths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402527-1 wfo-0000870060 morphology 2BEFDFA7-636A-45F3-BFF9-20A539E78050 Leaf-blades 4–25 cm. long, mostly involute and filiform, rarely flat and up to 1.5 mm. wide, typically smooth, striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402527-1 wfo-0000870060 morphology 2BEFDFA7-636A-45F3-BFF9-20A539E78050 Panicle narrowly ovate, 5–20 cm. long, loose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402527-1 wfo-0000870060 morphology 2BEFDFA7-636A-45F3-BFF9-20A539E78050 Spikelets 4–6(–9)-flowered, oblong, 10–15 mm. long, gaping; lower glume subulate to narrowly lanceolate, 3–5.5 mm. long, 1-nerved; upper glume lanceolate, 3.5–6.5 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas glabrous, scaberulous or rarely pubescent, the lower 5–7 mm. long, with a short awn 1–3 mm. long from the entire or obscurely bilobed tip; palea as long as the lemma, the keels scabrid; ovary hairy on the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:402527-1 wfo-0000871613 morphology 501C77AD-DAAA-48AB-AD60-6615D1B4D625 Densely tufted perennial forming large tussocks; culms 40–60 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403280-1 wfo-0000871613 morphology 501C77AD-DAAA-48AB-AD60-6615D1B4D625 Leaf-blades acicular, 10–30 cm. long and ± 0.75 mm. in diameter, stiffly erect or curly, harshly scabrid, unmarked by longitudinal striations on the outer surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403280-1 wfo-0000871613 morphology 501C77AD-DAAA-48AB-AD60-6615D1B4D625 Panicle linear, 8–20 cm. long, the short branches usually closely appressed to the axis, rarely ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403280-1 wfo-0000871613 morphology 501C77AD-DAAA-48AB-AD60-6615D1B4D625 Spikelets 3–5-flowered, oblong-elliptic, 8–10 mm. long, usually dark purple; lower glume subulate to narrowly lanceolate, 3–6 mm. long, 1-nerved; upper glume lanceolate, 4–6.5 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas indurated, minutely scaberulous, the lower 5.5–7.5 mm. long, with a short awn 1–3 mm. long from the entire or obscurely bilobed tip; palea as long as the lemma, the keels scaberulous; ovary glabrous or sparsely hairy on top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403280-1 wfo-0000907315 morphology F751EB01-DD2E-4A36-9842-C5B34CAF0614 Annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:426622-1 wfo-0000907315 morphology F751EB01-DD2E-4A36-9842-C5B34CAF0614 Culms 5–60 cm. high, loosely tufted or solitary, erect or geniculately ascending, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:426622-1 wfo-0000907315 morphology F751EB01-DD2E-4A36-9842-C5B34CAF0614 Leaf-blades 1–18 cm. long and 0.5–3 mm. wide, flat or rolled, rough near the tip and on the margins, puberulous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:426622-1 wfo-0000907315 morphology F751EB01-DD2E-4A36-9842-C5B34CAF0614 Panicle lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 1–13 cm. long, loose or contracted, erect or nodding, long-exserted from the sheath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:426622-1 wfo-0000907315 morphology F751EB01-DD2E-4A36-9842-C5B34CAF0614 Spikelets oblong or wedge-shaped, 7–14 mm. long (excluding awns), 3–10-flowered, green or purplish; lower glume linear-lanceolate, 2–6 mm. long; upper glume subulate-lanceolate, 5–10 mm. long; lemmas 6–9 mm. long, scabrid, tipped with a scaberulous awn up to 12 mm. long; anther usually 1, 0.3–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:426622-1 wfo-0000907315 morphology F751EB01-DD2E-4A36-9842-C5B34CAF0614 Fig. 22. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:426622-1 wfo-0000907427 morphology 930D4DAE-93A4-4357-978A-5918DB499CEA Annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94872-3 wfo-0000907427 morphology 930D4DAE-93A4-4357-978A-5918DB499CEA Culms 10–70 cm. high, tufted or solitary, erect or geniculately ascending, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94872-3 wfo-0000907427 morphology 930D4DAE-93A4-4357-978A-5918DB499CEA Leaf-blades 2–15 cm. long and 0.5–3 mm. wide, flat or rolled, firm to flaccid, rough on the margins, puberulous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94872-3 wfo-0000907427 morphology 930D4DAE-93A4-4357-978A-5918DB499CEA Panicle linear, 5–30 cm. long, loose to somewhat dense, mostly curved or nodding, enclosed below by the uppermost sheath, or just exserted from it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94872-3 wfo-0000907427 morphology 930D4DAE-93A4-4357-978A-5918DB499CEA Spikelets oblong or wedge-shaped, 7–10 mm. long (excluding awns), 3–7-flowered, green or purplish; lower glume linear-lanceolate, 1–3 mm. long; upper glume subulate-lanceolate, 3–8 mm. long; lemmas 5–7 mm. long, scabrid, tipped with a scaberulous awn up to 15 mm. long; anther usually 1, 0.3–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94872-3 wfo-0000855460 morphology 84A4FA0B-DD88-4CEB-998B-38A79BD2604D Annual; culms 35–80 cm. high, erect or spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393675-1 wfo-0000855460 morphology 84A4FA0B-DD88-4CEB-998B-38A79BD2604D Leaf-blades 10–25 cm. long and 4–8 mm. wide; sheaths loosely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393675-1 wfo-0000855460 morphology 84A4FA0B-DD88-4CEB-998B-38A79BD2604D Panicles loose or somewhat contracted, up to 25 cm. long but variable in size and bearing few to many spikelets, nodding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393675-1 wfo-0000855460 morphology 84A4FA0B-DD88-4CEB-998B-38A79BD2604D Spikelets loosely 5–8-flowered, oblong to wedge-shaped, 3–5 cm. long; glumes finely pointed, the lower subulate, 15–23 mm. long, 1–3-nerved, the upper narrowly lanceolate, 20–32 mm. long, 3–5-nerved; lemmas narrowly lanceolate in side view, 22–36 mm. long, herbaceous with hyaline margins, 7-nerved, scabrid, acuminately bilobed, awned from 4–7 mm. below the tip; awn 3.5–6 cm. long, straight, scabrid; callus oblong, ± 1 mm. long, obtuse; palea shorter than the lemma, sparsely and stiffly ciliate on the keels; anthers 2–3, 0.8–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393675-1 wfo-0000856184 morphology 2AA50551-D827-4A94-8745-1864ECAC8728 Tufted annual; culms 10–80 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393969-1 wfo-0000856184 morphology 2AA50551-D827-4A94-8745-1864ECAC8728 Leaf-blades 5–30 cm. long and 2–8 mm. wide; sheaths pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393969-1 wfo-0000856184 morphology 2AA50551-D827-4A94-8745-1864ECAC8728 Panicle oblong, 5–25 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393969-1 wfo-0000856184 morphology 2AA50551-D827-4A94-8745-1864ECAC8728 Spikelets 4–7-flowered, 13–30 mm. long, laterally compressed, scaberulous to puberulous, sometimes glabrous or pubescent; glumes lanceolate, the lower 5.5–8 mm. long, 3-nerved, acuminate, the upper 7–11 mm. long, 7-nerved, acute; lemmas narrowly ovate, the lower 8–13 mm. long, herbaceous with hyaline margins, weakly keeled, 7-nerved, acutely bidentate (rarely truncate and denticulate), the awn arising 1–3 mm. below the hyaline tip; awns 9–17 mm. long, the lower a little shorter than the upper, slender, straight; callus short, rounded; palea reaching to the base of the awn, the keels pectinate-ciliate with hairs 0.5 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393969-1 wfo-0000855893 morphology 858BE0E2-0867-46BA-AB7F-D065406A679E Perennial; culms 50 cm. to 2 m. high, loosely tufted and geniculately ascending, often weak and partly scandent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393829-1 wfo-0000855893 morphology 858BE0E2-0867-46BA-AB7F-D065406A679E Leaf-blades flat, 10–30 cm. long and 5–13 mm. wide, often with falcate auricles; sheaths retrorsely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393829-1 wfo-0000855893 morphology 858BE0E2-0867-46BA-AB7F-D065406A679E Panicles oblong, 15–30 cm. long, loose and nodding or somewhat contracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393829-1 wfo-0000855893 morphology 858BE0E2-0867-46BA-AB7F-D065406A679E Spikelets loosely 5–10-flowered, narrowly oblong to wedge-shaped, 13–30 mm. long; glumes narrow, the lower 3–6 mm. long and 1-nerved, the upper 7–14 mm. long and 3-nerved, both with an awn-point up to 5 mm. long; lemmas narrowly elliptic, 7–14 mm. long, herbaceous with hyaline margins, 3–5(–7)-nerved, the intermediate nerves often faint, pubescent on the outer nerves and glabrous or appressedly pubescent between them, awned from below an obtuse hyaline tip 0.5 mm. long; awn 2–12 mm. long, straight; callus short, broadly rounded; palea finely ciliolate on the keels with hairs 0.2 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393829-1 wfo-0000855893 morphology 858BE0E2-0867-46BA-AB7F-D065406A679E Fig. 23/1–13, p. 69. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393829-1 wfo-0000854419 morphology 589AD9D0-2545-4D44-A535-52F22BC68F77 Weak stemmed perennial, often forming dense mats. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393105-1 wfo-0000854419 morphology 589AD9D0-2545-4D44-A535-52F22BC68F77 Culms 30–100 cm. high, usually scaberulous, slender, wiry, geniculately ascending, pubescent at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393105-1 wfo-0000854419 morphology 589AD9D0-2545-4D44-A535-52F22BC68F77 Leaf-blades 5–17 cm. long and 2–6 mm. wide, flat, thin, sparsely pilose above, scabrid beneath; sheaths nearly always scabrid, glabrous or sometimes sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393105-1 wfo-0000854419 morphology 589AD9D0-2545-4D44-A535-52F22BC68F77 Inflorescence 6–12 cm. long, usually bearing 5–8 spikelets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393105-1 wfo-0000854419 morphology 589AD9D0-2545-4D44-A535-52F22BC68F77 Spikelets 1.5–3 cm. long, narrowly lanceolate, mostly 6–12-flowered; glumes lanceolate, the lower (3–)4–8 mm. long, the upper 4–10 mm. long, acute or tapering to a fine point; lemmas narrowly lanceolate, (5–)7–11 mm. long, scaberulous, pubescent or weakly pilose, rarely glabrous, acute, tipped by an awn 4–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393105-1 wfo-0000854419 morphology 589AD9D0-2545-4D44-A535-52F22BC68F77 Fig. 24, p. 72. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393105-1 wfo-0000903175 morphology CF3C2FC2-FBFB-4A72-B149-758F5F366CEC Loosely tufted perennial; culms 30–90 cm. high, slender, erect or geniculately ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423943-1 wfo-0000903175 morphology CF3C2FC2-FBFB-4A72-B149-758F5F366CEC Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate-linear, up to 25 cm. long and 5–12 mm. wide, dark green, pubescent above or glabrous, finely acute; ligule up to 12 mm. long; sheaths retrorsely scabrid or smooth, auricled at the mouth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423943-1 wfo-0000903175 morphology CF3C2FC2-FBFB-4A72-B149-758F5F366CEC Panicles 10–25 cm. long, moderately loose, sparingly branched, ± one-sided, nodding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423943-1 wfo-0000903175 morphology CF3C2FC2-FBFB-4A72-B149-758F5F366CEC Spikelets linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 16–30 mm. long; glumes linear, the lower 6–10 mm. long, the upper 10–13 mm. long; lemmas narrow and acute in side view, 10–17 mm. long; awns up to 4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423943-1 wfo-0000903175 morphology CF3C2FC2-FBFB-4A72-B149-758F5F366CEC Fig. 25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423943-1 wfo-0000848175 morphology 8883D21E-6D60-4111-A0F1-E6527E641E50 Tufted perennial with slender rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389033-1 wfo-0000848175 morphology 8883D21E-6D60-4111-A0F1-E6527E641E50 Culms 25–90 cm. high, erect, clad below in papery leaf-sheaths which form a soft spongy covering, rarely the sheaths tight and the culms wiry and ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389033-1 wfo-0000848175 morphology 8883D21E-6D60-4111-A0F1-E6527E641E50 Leaf-blades rather short and broad, mostly 8–25 cm. long and 4–10 mm. broad, sometimes narrow and linear, rarely involute, pubescent above and below, rarely glabrous, abruptly narrowed or obtuse at the tip; ligules papery, ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389033-1 wfo-0000848175 morphology 8883D21E-6D60-4111-A0F1-E6527E641E50 Panicle untidily cylindrical, 5–15 cm. long and 1–1.5 cm. wide, straw-coloured tinged with violet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389033-1 wfo-0000848175 morphology 8883D21E-6D60-4111-A0F1-E6527E641E50 Spikelets lanceolate, the awns scarcely protruding; glumes glabrous or obscurely scaberulous, sometimes with a few stiff cilia on the keel; lower glume narrowly ovate, 4–5 mm. long, 1-nerved, acuminate; upper glume lanceolate-oblong, 7–9 mm. long, 3-nerved, the nerves close together, mucronate; sterile lemmas 3.5–5 mm. long, obtusely bilobed, the awn of the upper 5–8 mm. long; fertile lemma 2.5 mm. long, sessile, rarely mucronate; anthers 2–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389033-1 wfo-0000848175 morphology 8883D21E-6D60-4111-A0F1-E6527E641E50 Fig. 26, p. 78. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389033-1 wfo-0000876822 morphology 6CF67A99-EEFA-4CEF-959A-8E33C12D8453 Densely caespitose perennial; culms 20–80 cm. high, simple, erect, bulbous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406495-1 wfo-0000876822 morphology 6CF67A99-EEFA-4CEF-959A-8E33C12D8453 Leaf-blades 5–30 cm. long and up to 2 mm. wide, convolute, stiff and wiry, glabrous or pubescent; ligule up to 2 mm. long, membranous; old leaf-sheaths shredding into stiff brown slivers forming a dense tuft about the base of the culm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406495-1 wfo-0000876822 morphology 6CF67A99-EEFA-4CEF-959A-8E33C12D8453 Panicle linear to lanceolate, 4–15 cm. long, dense and continuous or lobed and interrupted; rhachis pubescent to tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406495-1 wfo-0000876822 morphology 6CF67A99-EEFA-4CEF-959A-8E33C12D8453 Spikelets 1–3-flowered, green, purplish or palely shining; glumes glabrous or minutely pubescent, acute or acuminate, the lower narrowly lanceolate, shorter than the upper, 1-nerved, the upper elliptic, 3.5–6 mm. long, 1–3-nerved; lemmas elliptic, 3–5 mm. long, 3-nerved, asperulous, acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse or mucronate; anthers (1–)1.8–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406495-1 wfo-0000876822 morphology 6CF67A99-EEFA-4CEF-959A-8E33C12D8453 Fig. 27, p. 80. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406495-1 wfo-0000851838 morphology 24EF7CBD-E0BD-437A-89A0-F3C4638342FC Annual; culms 30–150 cm. high, erect or geniculate at the base, stout, simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391443-1 wfo-0000851838 morphology 24EF7CBD-E0BD-437A-89A0-F3C4638342FC Leaf-blades 10–45 cm. long and 3–15 mm. wide, glabrous, rough; ligules up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391443-1 wfo-0000851838 morphology 24EF7CBD-E0BD-437A-89A0-F3C4638342FC Panicle nodding, narrowly to broadly pyramidal, 10–40 cm. long and up to 20 cm. wide, loose, with rough spreading branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391443-1 wfo-0000851838 morphology 24EF7CBD-E0BD-437A-89A0-F3C4638342FC Spikelets pendulous, 18–28 mm. long, 2–3-flowered, the rhachilla articulated beneath each floret; glumes lanceolate, finely acute; lemmas 14–20 mm. long, densely bearded around the horseshoe-shaped basal callus with hairs up to 4 mm. long, stiffly hairy and finally brown in the lower two-thirds, green and rough above, unequally and shortly 2–4-toothed at the apex; awn 2.5–4 cm. long, geniculate, the column dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391443-1 wfo-0000851838 morphology 24EF7CBD-E0BD-437A-89A0-F3C4638342FC Fig. 28, p. 83. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391443-1 wfo-0000852332 morphology 435CE354-D09C-49B4-A5A2-CA790BF8C242 Annual; culms 30–120 cm. high, ascending from a geniculate or prostrate base, slender to rather stout, simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391787-1 wfo-0000852332 morphology 435CE354-D09C-49B4-A5A2-CA790BF8C242 Leaf-blades up to 45 cm. long and 4–18 mm. wide, glabrous, scaberulous above and on the margins; ligules up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391787-1 wfo-0000852332 morphology 435CE354-D09C-49B4-A5A2-CA790BF8C242 Panicle nodding, up to 30 cm. long and 20 cm. wide, loose, with coarsely scaberulous branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391787-1 wfo-0000852332 morphology 435CE354-D09C-49B4-A5A2-CA790BF8C242 Spikelets pendulous, 35–50 mm. long, 2–5-flowered, the rhachilla articulated at the base of the lowest floret only; glumes narrowly lanceolate, finely acute; lemmas 25–40 mm. long, densely bearded with hairs up to 7 mm. long around the horseshoe-shaped basal callus, loosely to densely hairy with long stiff hairs in the lower two-thirds, scabrid or shortly pubescent above, narrowed upwards and finely 2-toothed at the apex; awn 4–8 cm. long, geniculate, the column dark brown and pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391787-1 wfo-0000844921 morphology 8AB51418-25EE-4201-9A6B-5181B8CE0904 Annual; culms 3–40 cm. high, loosely tufted or solitary, erect or geniculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386633-1 wfo-0000844921 morphology 8AB51418-25EE-4201-9A6B-5181B8CE0904 Leaf-blades filiform or subsetaceous, mostly 1–5 cm. long and up to 1 mm. wide; ligule up to 5 mm. long, becoming lacerate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386633-1 wfo-0000844921 morphology 8AB51418-25EE-4201-9A6B-5181B8CE0904 Panicle loose, ovate to oblong, 1–12 cm. long; branches bare at the base, the spikelets in little clusters towards the tips; pedicels 3/4–3 1/2 times as long as the spikelet, pear-shaped at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386633-1 wfo-0000844921 morphology 8AB51418-25EE-4201-9A6B-5181B8CE0904 Glumes ovate, 2.3–3.5 mm. long (1.8–2.7 mm. in Flora area), acute (but often obtuse in Flora area); lemmas narrowly ovate, 1.2–1.7 mm. long, scaberulous above, acuminately bilobed, with a geniculate awn 2–3 mm. long arising from below the middle, or rarely the lower floret awnless; callus bearded (but usually glabrous or with sparse short hairs in Flora area). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386633-1 wfo-0000844921 morphology 8AB51418-25EE-4201-9A6B-5181B8CE0904 Fig. 29, p. 85. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386633-1 wfo-0000873886 morphology 7D3C0136-0849-41B4-B4EF-37C7091DD456 Weak-stemmed perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404589-1 wfo-0000873886 morphology 7D3C0136-0849-41B4-B4EF-37C7091DD456 Culms 60–120 cm. high, suberect or ascending from a decumbent base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404589-1 wfo-0000873886 morphology 7D3C0136-0849-41B4-B4EF-37C7091DD456 Leaf-blades 12–25 cm. long and 3–5 mm. wide, flat, usually glabrous; ligule up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404589-1 wfo-0000873886 morphology 7D3C0136-0849-41B4-B4EF-37C7091DD456 Panicle narrowly oblong, 10–25 cm. long, loose, flexuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404589-1 wfo-0000873886 morphology 7D3C0136-0849-41B4-B4EF-37C7091DD456 Spikelets 3–5-flowered, oblong or elliptic-oblong, 8–12 mm. long, loose, the florets well exserted; rhachilla-internodes 1.5–2.5 mm. long, conspicuously bearded above the middle with soft hairs longer than itself; glumes hyaline; lower glume lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, 1-nerved; upper glume narrowly oblong, 5–6.5 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas herbaceous with hyaline tips, the lower 5.5–7 mm. long, glabrous, finely 7-nerved, pale green, sometimes purplish just below the tips, shortly bifid with the lobes acute and sometimes bearing a short fine bristle; awn from the upper third of the lemma, geniculate, 10–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404589-1 wfo-0000873805 morphology F0B8AFA4-9F6C-4F1F-92BE-CDC4668AEECF Tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404548-1 wfo-0000873805 morphology F0B8AFA4-9F6C-4F1F-92BE-CDC4668AEECF Culms 30–90 cm. high, erect, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404548-1 wfo-0000873805 morphology F0B8AFA4-9F6C-4F1F-92BE-CDC4668AEECF Leaf-blades narrow or filiform, 8–25 cm. long and up to 2 mm. wide, glabrous; ligule up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404548-1 wfo-0000873805 morphology F0B8AFA4-9F6C-4F1F-92BE-CDC4668AEECF Panicle linear, 7–20 cm. long, contracted, interrupted, slightly nodding, the branches ascending close to the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404548-1 wfo-0000873805 morphology F0B8AFA4-9F6C-4F1F-92BE-CDC4668AEECF Spikelets 3–5-flowered, narrowly oblong, 10–14 mm. long, the florets well exserted; rhachilla-internodes 1–1.5 mm. long, pilose upwards; glumes hyaline on tips and margins; lower glume narrowly lanceolate, 4–6 mm. long, 1(rarely 3)-nerved; upper glume narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 6–8 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas subcoriaceous with hyaline margins and tip, the lower 6–7 mm. long, 5-nerved, scabrid upwards with white prickles, bifid with the lobes tapering into a bristle up to 3 mm. long; awn from the upper third of the lemma, geniculate, 9–16 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404548-1 wfo-0000873900 morphology 24395BC9-E35C-4E8C-A996-1D4CC01FF773 Perennial from a slender rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404600-1 wfo-0000873900 morphology 24395BC9-E35C-4E8C-A996-1D4CC01FF773 Culms 50–120 cm. high, erect or ascending, slender or somewhat stout, the basal sheaths usually golden brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404600-1 wfo-0000873900 morphology 24395BC9-E35C-4E8C-A996-1D4CC01FF773 Leaf-blades rather broad, 8–30 cm. long and 4–7 mm. wide, flat, glabrous; ligule 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404600-1 wfo-0000873900 morphology 24395BC9-E35C-4E8C-A996-1D4CC01FF773 Panicle linear, 12–25 cm. long, flexuous, rather loose, the branches ascending close to the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404600-1 wfo-0000873900 morphology 24395BC9-E35C-4E8C-A996-1D4CC01FF773 Spikelets 3–4-flowered, narrowly oblong, 13–15 mm. long, loose, the florets well exserted; rhachilla-internodes 3 mm. long, pilose above; glumes herbaceous with hyaline margins; lower glume narrowly lanceolate, 3–6 mm. long, 1-nerved; upper glume oblong-lanceolate, 4–8 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas herbaceous, the lower 8–12 mm. long, smooth, 7-nerved, bilobed with the lobes passing into a short fine bristle; awn from near the apex, 12–20 mm. long, not or only slightly geniculate, flexuous, the column scarcely twisted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404600-1 wfo-0000874010 morphology 1E36C68A-1F3E-4F4F-988A-AB7F6665E307 Perennial from a slender rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404646-1 wfo-0000874010 morphology 1E36C68A-1F3E-4F4F-988A-AB7F6665E307 Culms 60–90 cm. high, erect or ascending, the basal sheaths usually tinged with orange-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404646-1 wfo-0000874010 morphology 1E36C68A-1F3E-4F4F-988A-AB7F6665E307 Leaf-blades 10–20 cm. long and 1–5 mm. broad, flat or sometimes involute, sparsely pubescent above; ligule 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404646-1 wfo-0000874010 morphology 1E36C68A-1F3E-4F4F-988A-AB7F6665E307 Panicle linear, 7–20 cm. long, flexuous or stiff, the branches erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404646-1 wfo-0000874010 morphology 1E36C68A-1F3E-4F4F-988A-AB7F6665E307 Spikelets 2–4-flowered, narrowly oblong, 9–16 mm. long, the florets well exserted; rhachilla-internodes 2–2.5 mm. long, pilose above; glumes hyaline; lower glume narrowly lanceolate, 3–7 mm. long, 1-nerved (rarely sub–3-nerved); upper glume oblong-lanceolate, 5–9 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas firmly membranous, the lower 7–10 mm. long (longer than the upper glume), smooth, often tinged with purple, 5–7-nerved, shortly bilobed with the lobes often drawn out into a bristle; awn from just above the middle, 13–20 mm. long, geniculate with a twisted column. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404646-1 wfo-0000873854 morphology D2B44F71-C528-44BF-BFB3-4D27EF3F4802 Tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404573-1 wfo-0000873854 morphology D2B44F71-C528-44BF-BFB3-4D27EF3F4802 Culms 45–150 cm. high, erect or geniculate, the basal sheaths usually tinged with orange-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404573-1 wfo-0000873854 morphology D2B44F71-C528-44BF-BFB3-4D27EF3F4802 Leaf-blades 15–45 cm. long and 2–5 mm. wide, usually glabrous, prominently and closely nerved; ligule 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404573-1 wfo-0000873854 morphology D2B44F71-C528-44BF-BFB3-4D27EF3F4802 Panicle linear to narrowly oblong, 10–35 cm. long, often loose and nodding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404573-1 wfo-0000873854 morphology D2B44F71-C528-44BF-BFB3-4D27EF3F4802 Spikelets 2–3-flowered, oblong, 8–14 mm. long, the florets shortly exserted; rhachilla-internodes 2 mm. long, densely bearded; glumes firmly membranous; lower glume oblong-lanceolate, 5–10 mm. long, 2–3-nerved; upper glume elliptic-oblong, 7–11 mm. long, 3–5-nerved; lemmas chartaceous to cartilaginous, the lower 6.5–11 mm. long (less than or equal to the upper glume), smooth, granular or scaberulous, pallid or suffused with purple, 7–9-nerved, shortly bilobed, the lobes acute or each with 1–2 nerves excurrent into fine bristles; awn from about the middle, 1.5–2 cm. long, geniculate with a twisted column. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404573-1 wfo-0000873854 morphology D2B44F71-C528-44BF-BFB3-4D27EF3F4802 Fig. 30. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404573-1 wfo-0000862423 morphology 6956CF5A-AAD3-46A2-82FE-043B346FE105 Densely tufted perennial; culms erect, up to 75 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397931-1 wfo-0000862423 morphology 6956CF5A-AAD3-46A2-82FE-043B346FE105 Leaf-blades 10–30 cm. long and 3–5 mm. wide, flat, or rolled when dry, coarsely ridged above, scabrid on the ridges; ligule subchartaceous, 10–18 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397931-1 wfo-0000862423 morphology 6956CF5A-AAD3-46A2-82FE-043B346FE105 Panicle oblong, ± 20 cm. long, loose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397931-1 wfo-0000862423 morphology 6956CF5A-AAD3-46A2-82FE-043B346FE105 Spikelets linear, 7–8 mm. long, 2–3-flowered, green tinged with purple and with golden tips; lower glume linear to narrowly lanceolate, acute, the upper elliptic-linear to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 3-nerved, acute; lemma lanceolate-oblong to oblong, 4–5 mm. long, obtusely 2-lobed with the lobes minutely lacerate, awned from near the base; awns straight, capillary, up to 5 mm. long, scarcely projecting beyond the glumes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397931-1 wfo-0000862423 morphology 6956CF5A-AAD3-46A2-82FE-043B346FE105 Fig. 31. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397931-1 wfo-0000862467 morphology 67E2C17B-BB69-4AF1-8731-E2921CCF407B Densely tufted perennial tussock grass; culms erect, 30–160 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397953-1 wfo-0000862467 morphology 67E2C17B-BB69-4AF1-8731-E2921CCF407B Leaves mostly basal; blades mostly 7–40 cm. long and 2–5 mm. wide, flat, or rolled when dry, coarsely ridged above, scabrid on the ridges and harsh to the touch; ligule scarious, up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397953-1 wfo-0000862467 morphology 67E2C17B-BB69-4AF1-8731-E2921CCF407B Panicle oblong, 10–30 cm. long, loose or rarely ± contracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397953-1 wfo-0000862467 morphology 67E2C17B-BB69-4AF1-8731-E2921CCF407B Spikelets narrowly oblong, 2–6.5 mm. long (4–6.5 mm. in Flora area), 2(rarely 3)-flowered, green or purple with a golden or silvery sheen; lower glume oblong to narrowly elliptic, acute or obtuse, the upper elliptic, 3-nerved, acute; lemma elliptic-oblong, 3–4.5 mm. long, 4-toothed, or 2-lobed with the lobes lacerate, awned from near the base, less often from one-third or even half way up the back; awns mostly straight, capillary, 3–5 mm. long, scarcely projecting beyond the glumes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:397953-1 wfo-0000889610 morphology C266C380-F55B-483B-828E-97E7DF097169 Perennial from scaly creeping rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1 wfo-0000889610 morphology C266C380-F55B-483B-828E-97E7DF097169 Culms 50–150 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1 wfo-0000889610 morphology C266C380-F55B-483B-828E-97E7DF097169 Leaf-blades up to 20 cm. long and 15 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1 wfo-0000889610 morphology C266C380-F55B-483B-828E-97E7DF097169 Panicle 7–40 cm. long, dense, lobed or interrupted, with short branches up to 5 cm. long, these spreading at anthesis but otherwise contracted about the main axis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1 wfo-0000889610 morphology C266C380-F55B-483B-828E-97E7DF097169 Glumes 3.5–7.5 mm. long, acute, wingless or with a very narrow and inconspicuous wing on the keel; sterile florets 2, subulate, 1.2–2.3 mm. long, villous; fertile floret lanceolate, 2.7–4.5 mm. long, dull yellow to grey-brown, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1 wfo-0000889610 morphology C266C380-F55B-483B-828E-97E7DF097169 Fig. 32. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1 wfo-0000894716 morphology 69BFC7AE-038C-4DF0-BB2A-7777C728817B Annual; culms 6–80 cm. high, in small tufts or solitary, erect or geniculate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1048074-2 wfo-0000894716 morphology 69BFC7AE-038C-4DF0-BB2A-7777C728817B Leaf-blades 5–20 cm. long and 2–8 mm. wide, rough; ligule 3–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1048074-2 wfo-0000894716 morphology 69BFC7AE-038C-4DF0-BB2A-7777C728817B Panicle narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, cylindrical or lobed, 1.5–16 cm. long and 1–3.5 cm. wide, very dense and bristly, pale green or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1048074-2 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Berry red or black, 5-8 mm. wide, 3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000740704 morphology 757CC32C-8CBD-419A-89AF-ECAA83763305 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:541279-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Dark violet 5-20 cm. tall perennial herb with creeping or semi-erect rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Stems and rhizomes with ± 1 mm. long scale-leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Inflorescence a (2-)5-15 cm. long raceme, normally comprising more than 2/3 of the height of the plant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Bracts 1-1.5 mm. long; bracteoles 0.5-1 mm. long, fused laterally with the bract to form a seemingly bifurcate bract; pedicels 5-11 mm. long, patent or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Flowers dark violet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Male flowers: larger perianth-segments ± 1 mm. long and ± 0.75 mm. wide, ovate; smaller ones lanceolate, ± 0.5 mm. long; anthers sessile, ± 0.5 × 0.5 mm.; staminodes yellow, ±1.5 mm. long, with thickened apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Female flowers: ± 25 free carpels; style ± 1.5 mm. long, with acute apex; monocarps ovoid, ± 1 mm. long and ± 0.75 mm. wide, in a sphaerical head ± 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Seeds irregularly elliptic, with a convex and a slightly concave edge, laterally compressed, ±1 × 1 × 0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000738938 morphology D0858EF8-9B3A-4507-B781-23D28D9ED42A Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:900983-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Perennial herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Rhizome 4-7 mm. in diameter when dry; scales brown, scarious, appressed pilose on the lower half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Leafy stem borne laterally on the rhizome, erect, bearing a few reduced leaves and (3-)4 imbricate, cruciately-arranged normal leaves which lie flat on the ground. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Lamina of normal leaves obovate, 8-19 × 8.5-16.5 cm., apex obtuse, with a broad cuneate base, glabrous above, appressed pubescent beneath, green with a pink margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Inflorescence developing with the leaves or just before them, but flowering continued until leaves are almost fully developed, terminal in the centre of the leaf-rosette, 6-10-flowered, usually with only 1 flower open at a time; floral bracts delicate, elliptic, acute, ± 1.7 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Calyx spathaceous, delicate, 4.5-5 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Corolla-tube 7-9 cm. long; petals narrowly elliptic, acuminate, 6-8 cm. long, pubescent near the apex, yellow; labellum large, delicate, yellow, 8-11 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Fertile stamen ligulate, petaloid, narrowed above the anthers; anthers 9-13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Fruit subterranean, otherwise unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363188 morphology BD879611-CDBE-4A11-9C21-F3B926A0D6BA Seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796328-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Perennial herb with erect leafy stems 1.5-3.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Leaves elliptic to obovate, 14-31 × 4-10 cm., apex acuminate, narrowed below to the rounded or subcordate base, appressed pubescent on the midrib beneath and ascending pilose on the margins, otherwise glabrous; petiole 3-10 mm. long; ligule coriaceous, 5-12 mm. long, with a marginal fringe of arachnose hairs, and sometimes with a line of hairs partially surrounding the stem at the ligule-base; sheaths striate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Inflorescences usually terminal on the leafy shoots, but sometimes borne on separate leafless bracteate shoots; floral bracts broadly obovate, strongly convex, rounded to truncate at the apex, 2-2.5 × 1-1.5 cm., each subtending a single flower; bracteole boat-shaped, coriaceous, 1.8-2 × 0.5-0.8 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Calyx tubular, 1.4-1.5 cm. long, the lobes ± 3 mm. long, incurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Corolla-tube 1.4-1.7 cm. long, hairy inside; petals white, oblong to obovate, 3-3.2 × 1-1.2 cm., hooded and sometimes apiculate or retuse at apex; labellum broadly triangular, funnel-shaped, ± 4 cm. long and wide, white, flushed pink at the apex and with a yellow patch in the centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Stamen elliptic, 2-2.5 × 1-1.2 cm.; anthers ± 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Fruit obovoid, ± 12 × 9 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363568 morphology 21A438D6-DEBC-4B3A-8C59-99B0B05578C5 Seeds oblong, ± 2 × 1 mm., dark grey, finely striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796375-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Perennial herb with erect leafy stems 2-5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Leaves elliptic, 20-25 × 4.5-5.5 cm., apex acuminate, narrowed below to the cuneate to subcordate base, glabrous except for a line of ascending marginal hairs; petiole 3-5 mm. long; ligule coriaceous, 5-7 mm. long, glabrous; sheaths striate when dry, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Inflorescences terminal on the leafy shoots, or sometimes (Cribb et al. 11062) terminating separate basal shoots; floral bracts broadly obovate, strongly convex, apiculate, ± 2.5 × 2 cm., each subtending a single flower; bracteoles boat-shaped, keeled, ± 2.5 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Calyx funnel-shaped, not exceeding the bracts, ± 1.7 cm. long, with 3 obtuse teeth ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Corolla-tube ±1.3 cm. long, hairy inside; petals white, oblong, apiculate, ± 3.5 × 1.5 cm., narrowing slightly towards the base; labellum broadly triangular, funnel-shaped, ± 3.5 × 3 cm., white with a reddish tip and a central yellow mark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Stamen narrowly ovate, ± 3 × 1 cm.; anthers ± 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Fruit obovoid, ± 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363665 morphology A504D94F-3DEC-4EBD-BAD8-AE79BD8503B3 Seeds oblong, ± 2 mm. long, grey, finely striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796389-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Perennial herb with erect leafy stems 1.5-3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Leaves elliptic, 21-24 × 4.5-6 cm., apex acuminate, narrowed below to the rounded or subcordate base, appressed pubescent beneath, otherwise glabrous; petiole 5-9 mm. long; ligule coriaceous, 1.5-3 mm. long, with a raised coriaceous ridge, with a ciliate margin, surrounding the stem at the ligule-base; sheaths smooth, glabrous, slightly striate when dry, green, often with dark red markings when alive. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Inflorescences (?always) terminal on the leafy shoots; floral bracts oblong, rounded at the apex, ± 2.5 × 1 cm., green, with basal purple markings, each subtending 2 fully developed flowers; bracteoles boat-shaped, keeled, coriaceous, pale green, the larger to 2 × 1 cm., the smaller narrower, to 2 × 0.6 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Calyx tubular, green, exceeding the bracts, 2.2-3 cm. long, with 3 acute often recurved teeth 5-6 mm. long with narrow scarious pubescent margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Corolla-tube ± 2 cm. long, hairy inside; petals white, semi-transparent, oblong, 2.5-2.6 cm. long, acute and hooded at the apex, narrowing to the base; labellum broadly triangular, funnel-shaped, ± 3 cm. long and wide, dark red towards the margin, with a central yellow streak which does not extend into the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Stamen narrowly triangular, tinged red at the tip, ± 2.5 × 1 cm.; anthers 8-10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Mature fruits and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000363176 morphology EFE8114B-817D-4CC6-94A4-02A5F17C2E27 Fig. 1/1,2, p. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796326-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Perennial herb with erect leafy stems 2-4 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Leaves elliptic to obovate, 15-35 × 3.5-9.5 cm., apex acuminate, narrowed below to the rounded or subcordate base, the margin sparsely ascending-ciliate, the lamina otherwise usually glabrous but sometimes sparsely appressed pubescent beneath; petiole 4-12 mm. long; ligule coriaceous, green in life, 4-8 mm. long, glabrous; sheaths lightly striate when dry, in life green, often with purple blotches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Inflorescences (?always) terminal on the leafy shoots; floral bracts oblong, convex, truncate to rounded at the apex, ± 3.5 × 3 cm., the upper ones rather smaller, green with purple markings, each subtending 2 fully developed flowers; bracteoles boat-shaped, with a thickened rigid keel, pale green with pink markings and with a thin pink scarious margin, ± 2.5 × 0.8 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Calyx funnel-shaped, 1.7-2 cm. long, with 3 triangular teeth 5 mm. long, with a pink scarious margin; calyx-teeth project 2-3 mm. beyond the bracts after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Corolla tube ± 2 cm. long, hairy inside; petals white, semi-transparent, oblong-ovate, 3-4 × 1.2-1.4 cm., hooded at apex; labellum broadly triangular, funnel-shaped, ±2.5 cm. long and wide, white, sometimes tinged pink, with a rich orange-yellow central line which extends to the base of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Stamen ovate, ± 3 × 1.2 cm., white; anthers 7-8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000362821 morphology 38B95BF4-0C8C-4557-8A7C-5FFB79AF11E9 Mature fruit and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:37981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Perennial herb with leafy stems up to 2.5 m., forming a dense clump. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Leaves narrowly obovate, 30-55 × 5.5-9 cm., abruptly caudate-acuminate, attenuate at base with a petiole 2-5 cm. long, glabrous; ligule very short, rounded; sheaths sulcate, sparsely reticulate, minutely puberulous in the furrows. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Inflorescence arising at the base of a leafy shoot, 20-30 cm. or more tall; peduncle-bracts 6-12 × 1.5-2 cm., papery, ± persistent in fruit, puberulous particularly towards the apex (one of the upper bracts may bear a reduced lamina); floral bracts oblong, rounded, 1.5 × 0.5 cm., glabrescent; bracteoles tubular, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Calyx pale orange-brown, tubular, 3-toothed at the apex, pubescent, particularly towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Petals whitish, translucent, oblong, apex rounded, 3.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Labellum 12 mm. long, the free portion 3-lobed, 7.5 mm. wide and 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Free filament 3.5 mm. long, apex rounded; anther 3.5 mm. long, completely dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Ovary 3 mm. long, glabrous; style filiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Fruit subglobose to cylindrical, 6-12 × 5-7 mm., crowned by the persistent calyx which is 6-7 mm. long with 3 appressed-pubescent teeth at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Seeds 9-12 in each fruit, ± 3 × 2.5 mm., chestnut-brown, finely striate, shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510549 morphology 4E0BD337-BAEA-496B-92D2-7F148E148348 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798037-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Perennial herb with leafy shoots 1-3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Leaves narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 35-75 × 5-11 cm., glabrous, acuminate, gradually attenuate at the base with a petiole up to 2 cm. long; ligule ± 1 mm. long, rounded; sheaths forming a pseudo-stem, sulcate, with sparse weak reticulations, minutely puberulous with simple, forked or stellate prickle-like hairs in the furrows. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Inflorescences arising at the base of the leafy shoots, 10-20 cm. long; peduncle-bracts narrowly elliptic, retuse or truncate at apex, up to 10 × 2 cm., sparsely appressed pubescent; floral bracts elliptic, acute, 2-2.5 × 0.5-0.6 cm., pubescent particularly at the apices; bracteoles tubular, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Calyx pale orange, tubular, 3-toothed at apex, ± 10 mm. long, pubescent particularly at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Petals oblong, apex rounded, ±6 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Labellum 15 mm., the free portion weakly 3-lobed, 8.5 mm. long, 7.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Stamen 4.5 mm. long, apex bilobed; anther 4.5 mm. long, completely dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Ovary 4 mm. long, sparsely pubescent; style filiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Fruit subglobose, 6-11 × 6-8 mm., crowned by the persistent calyx which is 6-10 mm. long, narrowly conical and truncate; the pubescent teeth are either deciduous or inrolled, the apex 2.5-4 mm. in diameter, somewhat thickened into a paler ring. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000510443 morphology 0DAC567E-97BB-45AD-8D02-0F7434E4BD56 Seeds 9-26 in each fruit, ± 3.5 × 2.5 mm., chestnut-brown, finely striate, shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798032-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Perennial herb from a short thick rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Roots with tuberous swellings towards the apex, to 2.5 × 0.8 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Leaves fully developed or developing at the time of flowering; lamina glabrous, ovate to elliptic, acuminate, 17-31 × 5.5-10 cm., gradually tapering at the base into a false petiole up to 25 cm. long (including the leaf-sheath); ligule obsolete; sheaths sulcate when dry; pseudostem very short or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Inflorescences arising at the base of the leafy shoot, 7-15(-20)-flowered; peduncle 20-35 cm. long, terete, glabrous; bracts 3-4, greenish, oblong, rounded, emarginate, up to 6 × 1.5 cm., floral bracts greenish, oblong to narrowly obovate, obtuse, the lower up to 6.5 × 2 cm., the upper very much smaller, to 2.2 × 1.2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Calyx campanulate, 8-15 mm. long, not markedly accrescent in fruit, shallowly 3-lobed, each lobe with a subterminal subulate projection ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Corolla-tube ± 8 mm. long; petals narrowly obovate to narrowly oblong, acute, 2.2-2.6 cm. long, whitish, tinged with green or mauve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Labellum 3-lobed, the lateral lobes rhomboid, mauve, ± 3 × 2 cm., the median broadly spathulate, emarginate, ± 4.5 × 4.5 cm., mauve with a central yellow mark with or without a dark purple mark on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Ovary ± 6 mm. long, trigonous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Fruit obovoid, trigonous, winged at the angles, up to at least 2.5 cm. long but fully mature fruit and mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553592 morphology 3BBF4710-F00A-479D-ABBE-81847B82257F Figs. 3/5, 6 and 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911459-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Perennial herb from a short thick rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Roots with tuberous swellings towards the apex, 1-4.5 × 0.8-1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Leaves undeveloped or partially developed at time of flowering; lamina glabrous, narrowly elliptic, 20-31 × 5.5-7 cm., acuminate, gradually tapering at the base into a false petiole up to 22 cm. long (including the leaf-sheath); ligule obsolete; sheaths sulcate when dry, sometimes forming a short pseudostem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Inflorescence arising at the base of the leafy shoot, 3-10-flowered; peduncle 15-50 cm. long, terete, glabrous; bracts usually 3, brownish, oblong, apex rounded, up to 9 × 1.5 cm.; floral bracts brownish, elliptic to narrowly obovate, acute or obtuse, the lower up to 6 × 2 cm., the upper very much smaller, to 3 × 1.5 cm.; pedicels 0.5-2.5 cm., somewhat accrescent in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Calyx campanulate, 10-13 mm. long, accrescent in fruit and reaching at least 16 mm. long, shallowly 3-lobed, each obtuse lobe with a subterminal subulate projection ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Corolla-tube 9-13 mm. long; petals translucent, pale greenish yellow or pale mauve, the posterior obovate, acuminate, 2.5-3.6 × 0.9-1.1 cm., the laterals elliptic, obtuse, 2.5-3.5 × 0.5-0.7 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Labellum 3-lobed; lateral lobes rounded rhomboid, 3-4 × 2-3.5 cm., white, yellow or purple; median lobe broadly spathulate, emarginate, ± 3.5-5.5 × 4.5-7 cm., white, yellow or purple with a deep yellow central mark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Stamen petaloid, oblong or pandurate, 2.2-2.5 × 0.7-0.9 cm.; anther 6-7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Ovary 6-10 mm. long, trigonous, widened above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553580 morphology BE4C7E53-5623-436D-9BAA-667F2C1321BC Young fruit 3-winged; mature fruit and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914590-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Perennial herb from a short rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Roots with subspherical tubers ± 5 mm. in diameter when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Leaves clustered, fully developed at flowering time (but see note); lamina elliptic, glabrous, somewhat asymmetrical, acuminate, base cuneate, 16-37 × 6.5-12 cm.; false petiole 3-8 cm. long; ligule short, membranous; sheaths 6-10 cm. long; pseudostem very short or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Inflorescences arising at the base of the leafy shoots, 5-12-flowered; peduncle 0.5-4 cm. long; bracts scarious, delicate, narrowly elliptic, to 3.5 cm. long; floral bracts smaller, to 1 cm. long but delicate and usually poorly preserved; pedicels 0.5-1 (-5) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Calyx tubular, 2.5-6.5 cm. long, with 2 longer teeth and 1 shorter at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Corolla-tube 4.5-10 cm. long, 1-2 mm. in diameter; petals elliptic, acute, 2-4 × 0.5-0.8 cm., blue. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Labellum blue, suborbicular in outline, deeply 3-lobed, with the central lobe itself bifid, 3-5 × 4.5-8 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Stamen (fig. 3/7) ± 1.5 cm. long, obovate, obtuse; anther 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Style filiform; stigma flattened, with a dorsal ridge, suborbicular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Ovary narrowly ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553577 morphology E16B48AE-1CC7-490E-AD55-208982E16FD4 Fruit and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911456-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Rhizome short, subspherical. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Roots not tuberous in any specimens seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Leaves (mature not seen) narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, apex acute, aristate, base cuneate; ligule brown, membranous, to 5 mm. or more long; sheaths sulcate, probably forming a pseudostem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Flowers appearing before the leaves, ± 6 in each short congested inflorescence; floral bracts scarious, glabrous, chestnut-brown, narrowly ovate, to 4.5 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Calyx tubular, 3-7 cm. long, with 3 obtuse apical teeth 3-5 mm. long, split at one side to about one-quarter of its length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Corolla tube 3.5-13 cm. long; petals narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic, abruptly acuminate, 4.4-6 × 0.7-1 cm., usually about two-thirds of the length of the dried labellum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Labellum white with 2 central yellow marks, 6.5-9 × 7.5-9.5 cm. overall, 3-lobed; lateral lobes rhomboid, obtuse, 3.5-5 × 2.3-4 cm.; central lobe broadly triangular, deeply emarginate at the apex, 4-6 × 5.5-8.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Stamen (fig. 3/3) obovate, obtuse, ± 3.5 × 0.6 cm.; anther basal, ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Ovary oblong, ± 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553608 morphology 9ECA27CC-2B82-4F64-AAB4-46FCD73D6CE0 Fruit and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:914591-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Perennial herb from a short ovoid rhizome 3-5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Roots with fusiform tubers 3-10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Leaves undeveloped or developing at anthesis; lamina narrowly elliptic, 17-36 × 2-4.5 cm., apex acuminate, base narrowly cuneate, quite glabrous; false petiole absent; ligule scarious, 6-35 mm. long; sheaths sulcate, glabrous, forming a well-developed pseudostem to 70 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Inflorescences arising at the base of the leafy shoot, 4-12-flowered, with a very short peduncle up to 2 cm. long, mostly below ground; bracts oblong, obtuse, ± 2.5 × 1 cm.; floral bracts oblong, obtuse, 3-4 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Calyx tubular, shortly 3-lobed at the apex, 2.7-3.5(-5) cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Corolla-tube 2.5-5.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. in diameter; petals elliptic, 2.8-5.5 × 0.6-0.8 cm., whitish and translucent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Labellum mauve to purple, 3-lobed, 5-11.5 cm. long; central lobe rounded and usually deeply emarginate, with a central deep yellow mark at the base; lateral lobes broadly triangular, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Stamen (fig. 3/4) obovate to oblong, rounded and sometimes laciniate or retuse at the apex, up to 5 cm. long; anthers 8-9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Ovary obovoid, 5-7 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Fruit ± subterranean, subglobose, weakly 3-lobed, ± 1.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000553574 morphology DEFD38DF-1677-4C44-B1DE-FFBE70973198 Seeds ± 6 × 2 mm., pale, shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911455-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Perennial herb with leafy stems to 1.5 m. from a thin rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Lamina narrowly acuminate, 12.5-20 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, apex acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous; ligule narrowly triangular, membranous, up to 2 cm. long and 5 mm. wide; sheaths sulcate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Inflorescences 8-10-flowered, arising from the base of the leafy stems; peduncle ± 7 cm. long, densely yellowish pubescent towards the apex; basal bracts scarious, glabrous, ± 5 mm. long and 15 mm. wide, bilobed at the apex; apical bracts chartaceous, sparsely appressed pubescent, up to 15 mm. long and wide, rounded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Flowers inserted at 3-5 mm. intervals along the elongated apex of the peduncle, each subtended by a bract up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Calyx spathaceous, 2.5 cm. long, bi-lobed, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Annuals or perennials, usually hairy, hairs frequently glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Leaves in a basal rosette, linear to subulate or acicular, woolly in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Scapes usually 3-ribbed; sheaths obliquely slit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Capitulum scarious, white or brown, pilose to almost glabrous; involucral bracts in several series, glabrous or softly ciliate on the margins, sometimes also on the back, the inner hyaline and subtending flowers; floral bracts absent; receptacle woolly with long hairs surrounding the flowers; flowers trimerous, pedicellate, the pedicels villous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Male flowers: sepals lanceolate, lightly keeled, connate below the middle into an infundibular tube with free lobes; petals completely connate into a membranous, subtruncate tube; stamens 3, filaments adnate to the inside of the corolla, extended above the corolla-rim and bearing 3 white or yellowish anthers; rudimentary gynoeceum at base of corolla-tube, 3-branched, the branches with swollen glandular tips; after anthesis the filaments collapsing inwards and the corolla-tube closing over the anthers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Female flowers: sepals free, otherwise resembling the male; petals delicate, usually pilose, connate near the tips, the clawed bases free, the small free apical lobes incurled; ovary 3-carpellate, the carpels protruding between the free petal-bases, style forming a hollow tube divided at the tip into 3 long stigmatic branches usually with 3 alternating swollen-tipped glandular appendages, these appendages entangling with the incurled petal-tips after anthesis to form a clavate structure urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000037300 morphology 1EC17EA6-8C41-4F26-83DA-3947F2836A48 Seeds plumply ellipsoid to cylindrical, usually longitudinally white-striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297630-2 wfo-4000007282 morphology 0D4E7B74-2D06-48DF-ACFB-82CA213346D6 Tall evergreen dioecious tree urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27226-1 wfo-4000007282 morphology 0D4E7B74-2D06-48DF-ACFB-82CA213346D6 Leaves with lateral nerves interarching some way from margin; tertiary venation faint, reticulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27226-1 wfo-4000007282 morphology 0D4E7B74-2D06-48DF-ACFB-82CA213346D6 Flowers sessile in large heads arranged in panicles; bracts present; bracteoles absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27226-1 wfo-4000007282 morphology 0D4E7B74-2D06-48DF-ACFB-82CA213346D6 Male with perianth subglobose, 3–4(–5 fide Warburg)-fid; stamens with filaments united into a long exserted column; anthers 3–4(–5 fide Warburg), adnate to the column, shorter than the basal part urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27226-1 wfo-4000007282 morphology 0D4E7B74-2D06-48DF-ACFB-82CA213346D6 Female perianth unknown urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27226-1 wfo-4000007282 morphology 0D4E7B74-2D06-48DF-ACFB-82CA213346D6 Fruit large; pericarp thick and fleshy; seed ovoid or ovoid-oblong, with woody testa; endosperm not ruminate, but fatty and with some starch; aril laciniate; cotyledons connate at the base, suberect. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27226-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Evergreen trees or lianes, usually considered dioecious (but see note under species) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Leaves mostly cordate at base and glaucous beneath, mostly with numerous lateral nerves and subparallel tertiary venation urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Panicles divaricate, with clustered or ± scattered heads of sessile claviform or obovoid flowers; bracteoles absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Male with perianth 3–4-fid; stamens with filaments fused into a slender column; anthers 2–6, adnate to the apex of the column urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Female with perianth as in male; stigma sessile, indistinct urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Fruit oblong, ellipsoid or ± globular, with thick fleshy pericarp, dehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000032216 morphology 00E3ACBA-C35D-4190-B533-1486953EF6A4 Seed with ± thin testa, laciniate aril and fatty ruminate endosperm; cotyledons free almost to the base, suberect. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27249-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Dioecious or monoecious trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Leaves subcoriaceous, petiolate, glabrous, with 5–10 pairs of lateral nerves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Inflorescences subglobose or capitate, dense, sessile or shortly pedunculate; bracts present; bracteoles absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Male flowers with perianth ± funnel-shaped, 3–4-lobed; anthers 3–4, joined into a column slightly exceeding the joined filaments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Female flowers with perianth subglobose, 3–4-lobed; ovary globose; stigma sessile, indistinct urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Fruits with fleshy pericarp, eventually splitting into 2 valves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000036307 morphology 2D30FDCE-9310-44F2-A5E4-8B3246A0AF6B Seed woody, ovoid or oblong-ellipsoid, with aril entire or only lobed at apex; endosperm hard, oily and starchy, not ruminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27254-1 wfo-4000009050 morphology 2DF0A3DD-EF9A-43D4-A3AF-DC722438086B Perennial herbs or subshrubs with slender, climbing or trailing stems, often woody towards the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297135-2 wfo-4000009050 morphology 2DF0A3DD-EF9A-43D4-A3AF-DC722438086B Leaves opposite, subequal, mostly ovate-cordate, entire or sinuate, often fleshy, with conspicuous petioles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297135-2 wfo-4000009050 morphology 2DF0A3DD-EF9A-43D4-A3AF-DC722438086B Inflorescences bisexual, in umbels or verticels, on moderately long pedicels, bracteate; perianth trumpet-shaped, 5-lobed; stamens 2–6, exserted; filaments united at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297135-2 wfo-4000009050 morphology 2DF0A3DD-EF9A-43D4-A3AF-DC722438086B Ovary stipitate; style filiform, exserted; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297135-2 wfo-4000009050 morphology 2DF0A3DD-EF9A-43D4-A3AF-DC722438086B Anthocarp cylindric-fusiform to clavate, rather obscurely 10-ribbed, with numerous, rather large, mucilaginous glands scattered over its surface; embryo hooked. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:11993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297135-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Herbs, shrubs, slender trees, climbers or scramblers, only rarely epiphytic, if with unisexual flowers (usually in the Old World) then monoecious or dioecious; stemsthickened at the nodes, often hollow, sometimes producing adventitious roots, glabrous or with indumentum of simple or multicellular hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Leaves alternate, petiolate, symmetrical or asymmetrical, occasionally peltate, sometimes lobed at the base, membranous to coriaceous; venation palmate or pinnate; petiole sometimes sheathing, the adnate stipule-like organs soon falling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Inflorescences leaf-opposed or apparently axillary, pedunculate, solitary or in one small but very widespread group several on short leafless shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Flowers hermaphrodite (mostly New World) or unisexual, sessile or pedicellate, crowded to widely placed on an often fleshy rhachis, each with a round triangular semilunate or calceiform bract urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Stamens 2–6; anthers basifixed with thecae usually distinct urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Ovary conoid, subglobose, conic, obovoid or subcylindrical; styles long, short or absent; stigmas 2–4 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000029808 morphology E0A5306A-5842-4218-AB52-C44DB0FA8D56 Fruits globose, obpyramidal, cylindrical or ovoid to flask-shaped, dry or fleshy, glabrous to densely puberulous, papillose-pubescent or hispidulous, sometimes glandular, often pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326982-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Annual or perennial often succulent herbs, terrestrial, epiphytic or growing on rocks; stems erect, prostrate, spreading or climbing, the vascular anatomy resembling that of monocotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Leaves alternate, opposite or verticillate, simple, entire, sometimes peltate, thin to thick and succulent, even ± globose, glabrous or pubescent with simple or branched hairs; petioles usually present; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Flowers hermaphrodite, numerous, congested or lax, in simple spikes or inflorescences of many spikes arranged in panicles, usually white, cream or green, sessile, sometimes borne in depressions in the rhachis; bracts round or ovate, peltate, glabrous or fimbriate, usually with gland dots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Stamens 2, borne at base of the ovary, soon deciduous; anthers subglobose or ellipsoid, 2-thecous, with filaments usually much shorter urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Stigma 1 (rarely 2), sessile or style developed, simple or sometimes sunken, usually fimbriate, apical, subapical on the abaxial side and usually oblique or at base of apical beak urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Fruit globose, ovoid, ellipsoid, subcylindrical or obovoid, rounded mammiform or with a small style (oblique or adnate shield-shaped or with short beak), sessile, pedicellate, or on flattened pseudopedicel, sticky, smooth or verruculose, affixed basally or subbasally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000028681 morphology 1F639683-570E-4505-B9D6-00F8393564B5 Seed 1; pericarp thin; endocarp slightly hardened. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329746-2 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Dioecious tree with paripinnate leaves; leaflets opposite or rarely alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Flowers in contracted thyrses urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Sepals 4, free almost to the base; aestivation open urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Petals 4, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Stamens 4 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Ovary laterally compressed, 2-locular with 1 ovule in each locule; style slightly more than half as long as the ovary; stigmas 2, large, capitate, spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Capsule splitting into 2 persistent bilobed valves; central column breaking into a number of fibrous strands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000031857 morphology 25D56BA1-AE50-47CD-9815-44E5F09BB100 Seed with long terminal wing. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36548-1 wfo-4000005117 morphology 75850718-0B26-43C6-9F43-9F216B0111F9 Shrub or small tree with bipinnate leaves; pinnae in 1–7 pairs, alternate or opposite; leaflets small, in 2–7 pairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36307-1 wfo-4000005117 morphology 75850718-0B26-43C6-9F43-9F216B0111F9 Flowers regular, at least sometimes hermaphrodite (see note), in few-flowered raceme-like inflorescences; sepals 4(–5); petals 4(–5), valvate, alternating with sepals, without scales (i.e. appendages found in the Sapindaceae) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36307-1 wfo-4000005117 morphology 75850718-0B26-43C6-9F43-9F216B0111F9 Stamens 4(–5), inserted outside the small circular slightly lobed disk which acts as a gynophore urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36307-1 wfo-4000005117 morphology 75850718-0B26-43C6-9F43-9F216B0111F9 Ovary compressed, incompletely 2-locular, eachlocule with 1 apotropous descending ovule attached to septum slightly above middle of loculus; style short; stigma with 2 lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36307-1 wfo-4000005117 morphology 75850718-0B26-43C6-9F43-9F216B0111F9 Fruit a flattened spongy disk surrounded by a papery wing, 2-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36307-1 wfo-4000005117 morphology 75850718-0B26-43C6-9F43-9F216B0111F9 Seed reniform, compressed, without arillode. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36307-1 wfo-4000004490 morphology 14C47746-B701-4B05-B398-76D718641CB4 Small parasites of the tribe Amherstieae of Leguminosae with only the numerous flowers emerging through the bark of smaller branches of the host urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33031-1 wfo-4000004490 morphology 14C47746-B701-4B05-B398-76D718641CB4 Buds subglobose, at first covered with entire hemispherical grey-brown ± scaly involucre, which breaks irregularly to form either 3 ‘bracts’ or is ± circumscissile leaving a cup 3–4 mm. wide; flowers usually 1 within each ‘bud’ but occasionally 2 or even 3 ( fide Welwitsch) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33031-1 wfo-4000004490 morphology 14C47746-B701-4B05-B398-76D718641CB4 Flowers globose, ovoid or ellipsoid, unisexual; outer 3 bract-like tepals broadly ovate or ± semicircular, free, imbricate, persistent; inner tepals ovate or elliptic, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33031-1 wfo-4000004490 morphology 14C47746-B701-4B05-B398-76D718641CB4 Male flowers: staminal filaments joined into a tube around the pistillode which is apically expanded into a cap usually fringed with papillae; anthers 10 or ± 30, in 1–2 rows on the staminal tube below the cap; disk 4–6-angled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33031-1 wfo-4000004490 morphology 14C47746-B701-4B05-B398-76D718641CB4 Female flowers: ovary half-inferior, surrounded by the fleshy disk; style short, thick, conical or cylindrical with subglobose capitate stigma; ovules parietal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33031-1 wfo-4000004490 morphology 14C47746-B701-4B05-B398-76D718641CB4 Berry globose, surrounded by the persistent bracts and tepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:33031-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Mostly small shrubs from a single haustorial attachment in Africa, essentially glabrous in Africa, elsewhere sometimes with a scurfy indumentum including scales, short stiff hairs and small branched hairs; twigs terete, flattened or angular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Leaves opposite to alternate, sessile to petiolate, usually penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Flowers usually in terminal and/or axillary racemes or spikes, sometimes crowded at the apex of peduncle, subumbellate, 4(–7 in Asia)-merous; bract unilateral to cupular, with a small ovate-triangular limb, often umbonate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Calyx rim-like to cupular, subentire to slightly toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Petals separate, white, yellow or red, but not conspicuously banded; lower part erect, generally thickened, sometimes callused inside at top; upper longer part caudate to spathulate, spreading to reflexed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Stamens erect, normally arising from top of lower part of petal, sometimes higher; anthers shorter or longer than filament, 2–4-thecous, sometimes locellate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Style angular, slender with a small stigma in Africa urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000017272 morphology C84A9A88-CA58-464E-981C-FA4C8319DD80 Berries round to ellipsoid, smooth or warted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25230-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Stems a few cm. to several m. long, glabrous or rarely with short stiff simple hairs, spreading by haustoria-bearing surface runners urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Leaves irregularly opposite to alternate, often clustered on short shoots, sessile to shortly petiolate, leathery to slightly fleshy, palminerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Flowers (1–)few in umbels in the axils or terminal on short shoots, 5-merous; bract saucer-shaped, with a small umbonate or spurred oblong to ovate-triangular limb, sometimes lacerate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Calyx rim-like to cupular, sometimes split as flower opens urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Petals connivent or joined in lower part, slightly to markedly curved in bud, mostly red or yellow, with 2 rows of oblique folds below the filament-insertion, these parts connivent, the upper part narrow below the linear-lanceolate to linear-spathulate tips, reflexing, looped and often twisted; corolla-tube, if present, sometimes with further series of flaps or a lobed ledge urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Stamens following curve of style and subequal in length, red at least above; anthers 4-thecous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Style filiform, angular, slightly curved to sinuous, sometimes corrugated near the base, only slightly thickened where anthers appressed in bud; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000030393 morphology 0129D74C-B064-4D3C-BADA-8BA02EC3C694 Berry red or yellow, ellipsoid or urceolate, smooth or warty. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25317-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Shrubs 0.5–2 m., with a single haustorial attachment, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Leaves mostly alternate and also crowded on short shoots, penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Flowers 2–4, umbellate on a short peduncle or clustered on short shoots of generally leafless branches, shortly pedicellate; bract ovate-triangular from a saucer-shaped based urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Calyx cupular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Corolla joined about halfway, 4-lobed, radially symmetrical, with fluted vents opening at top of tube, not explosive when opened, the lobes recurving urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Stamens inserted above the base of the corolla-lobes, remaining weakly attached to the style-tip by connective-appendage; anthers 4-thecous, with a conspicuous bifid connective-appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Style filiform; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000013305 morphology 22B52B5D-192B-4F3E-BB5D-9DECBBBBE874 Berry obovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25208-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Small shrubs with a single haustorial connection, glabrous or with short spreading simple hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Leaves mostly alternate, with 1–2 pairs of strongly ascending nerves from near the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Flowers clustered or 2–6 in very shortly pedunculate umbels; bract saucer-shaped to cupular, truncate or with a small limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Calyx cupular to tubular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Corolla 5-merous, generally joined less than halfway, sometimes up to 2/3 but then with long slits below filament-insertions, opening with a V-shaped split on one side, generally yellow at least in part, sometimes banded red and white or greenish, developing vents in mature buds; tube constricted above a basal swelling or narrow throughout; lobes linear, sometimes a little broadened above, sometimes dilated around vents at the base, erect, recurved or revolute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Filaments attached at the base of corolla-lobes or some distance above, inrolled at anthesis, sometimes with small appendages in front of the anther or a little below; anthers 4-thecous, truncate or with a small bilobed connective-appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Style filiform; stigma ovoid-globose to obovoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000026844 morphology 36E6CAAD-78AB-4DD8-B363-7F5A90B5CB8C Berry red, usually obovoid, often with a subpersistent calyx, occasionally verrucose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25295-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Small shrubs with a single haustorial connection, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Leaves subopposite, shortly petiolate; nerves few, spreading to strongly ascending, sometimes obscure urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Flowers 2–6 in shortly pedunculate axillary umbels; bract shortly cupular, with a small limb, gibbous or spurred dorsally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Calyx cupular to shortly tubular, split by expanding corolla urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Corolla straight or bent in bud, 5-merous with a short tube, yellow to red, banded green or white, developing vents in mature buds; lobes linear-oblanceolate, often somewhat coherent, but not around a V-split in the tube, reflexed about the middle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Male flowers: sepals oblong, concave, unequally connate into a spathe or almost free, glabrous or white papillose near the rounded tip; petals small, glandular; anthers 6, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Female flowers: sepals subequal or the median smaller, deeply concave, the back gibbous with broadly rounded tip, spongy along the midline, infrequently lightly keeled and winged with a few white hairs on the upper keel and an acute tip, upper margins smooth or denticulate; petals subequal, linear-spathulate, rather spongy, glands small or absent, glabrous or a few white papillae at the tip; ovary black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Capsule only very tardily dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000413799 morphology 378CE4BD-625B-4770-A694-9DDE2D56301A Seeds 0.4–0.5 mm. long, transversely white-papillose, mid-brown but often appearing blackish due to the adherent ovary-wall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335722-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Small tufted annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Leaves narrowly linear to acicular, setaceous-tipped, forming a neat dense cluster, 1–3 cm. long, 0.2–2 mm. wide, fenestrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Scapes slender, straight, often numerous, 4–13 cm. high, 5-ribbed; sheaths ± equalling the leaves, subinflated, the mouth scarious, shortly obliquely slit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Capitulum globose to ovoid, 2–4 mm. diameter, grey- and straw-coloured or becoming darker, the bracts very loosely erect; involucral bracts as long as the capitulum, obovate-oblong, rounded becoming lacerate, ascending, pallid, scarious becoming tougher downwards; floral bracts lanceolate-oblong, thinly scarious, pale with a dark central band or sometimes blackish, glabrous or a few inner lightly keeled with fine sparse hairs on the keel; receptacle thinly pilose; flowers trimerous, pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Male flowers: sepals connate into a spathe with tridentate tip, dark grey, glabrous; petals included within the calyx, tiny; anthers white, 0.1 mm.long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Female flowers much reduced and consisting mostly of the gynoecium: sepals 3, 2 or absent, filiform, caducous; petals absent, their position indicated by a node on the ovary stipe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000409845 morphology 8A78A4BF-6145-4858-AC71-9438E5E91A36 Seeds 0.3 mm. long, light brown, glossy, faintly reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Leaves linear-lanceolate to narrowly linear, 3–11 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, dark green, spongy, tip acuminate to filiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Scapes up to 15, 9–15 cm. high, 5-ribbed, the ribs prominent and sharply angled; sheaths as long as the leaves, the limb acute, soon splitting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Capitulum hemispherical to slightly dome-shaped, 4–5 mm. diameter, blackish with pale involucral bracts, the narrow floral bracts and sepals intermingling; involucral bracts conspicuous, pallid, as wide as the capitulum and spreading in several series, narrowly lanceolate-oblong, 2.4–2.5 mm. long, scarious, acute, not reflexing; floral bracts dark grey, narrowly oblong, concave round the flowers, tip acute with denticulate margins; receptacle cylindrical, villous; flowers much reduced, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Male flowers 1.5 mm. long: sepals 2, free, blackish, oblanceolate-oblong, falcate, upper margins denticulate to incised, tip finely acute; petals absent; anthers black, 6 or often one or two aborted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Female flowers 2.0 mm. long: sepals 2, blackish, linear-falcate, lightly keeled, upper margins denticulate, tip finely acute; petals absent; ovary trilocular, raised on a slender stipe 0.5 mm. long, position of petals indicated by a node on the stipe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Seeds 0.4 mm. long, clear yellow, glossy, faintly reticulate and minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000413046 morphology FEF1D4E1-AAAB-41E6-83F3-ACC5D02932CC Fig. 1/5–8; fig. 4/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992354-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Small annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Leaves many in a basal tuft, filiform with a setaceous tip, 1–2 cm. long, not expanded at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Scapes filiform, conspicuously papillose, up to ± 25, 4–10 cm. high, 3-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, not papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Capitulum depressed-globose with truncate base, 1–2 mm. diameter, the bracts thinly cartilaginous; involucral bracts straw-coloured, noticably paler than the floral bracts, obovate to suborbicular, 0.8–1.0 mm. long, rounded; floral bracts similar to the involucral but flushed grey or blackish, translucent, the upper margin crenulate; receptacle pilose; flowers dimerous, strongly laterally compressed, 0.8–0.9 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Male flowers: sepals free, narrowly oblong, obtuse, denticulate on the upper margin; petals rudimentary; anthers 4, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Female flowers: sepals strongly keeled, almost square in profile, overlapping and covering the petals and ovary, truncate, narrowly winged on the keel, a hyaline patch on the centre body, upper sepal-margin and wing-margin irregularly denticulate; petals unequal, narrowly oblanceolate, eglandular, the tips denticulate, sometimes emarginate, occasionally with one or two small marginal hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000410864 morphology B472F8AC-441B-414A-842F-2BD4D057C5A0 Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981404-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Small rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Leaves subulate to filiform, 1–3.5 cm. long, 0.2–1.0 mm. wide, tapering to a slender acuminate or setaceous tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Scapes 10–± 50, filiform, 3–15 cm. high, 2–4-ribbed; sheaths shorter or longer than the leaves, inflated upwards and deeply slit, the limb obtuse to acute, sometimes splitting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Capitulum globose to slightly dome-shaped, 1.5–3(–3.5) mm. diameter, black, the bracts loose with the flowers visible among them; involucral bracts ± as wide as the capitulum, grey or infrequently light brown (lighter than rest of capitulum), scarious, 0.6–1.2 mm. long, obovate to subrotund with a rounded tip, spreading at maturity; floral bracts obovate to obovate-oblong, blackish, glabrous, obtuse to acute; receptacle glabrous or thinly hairy; flowers dimerous, blackish, 0.7–1.0 mm. long, completely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Male flowers: sepals free, narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, obliquely erose-truncate; petals unequal, very small and included within the calyx, eglandular, one 0.3 mm. long, emarginate, the other vestigial; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Female flowers: sepals very variable, concave and keeled, broad with gibbous overlapping margins and winged keel, the wing scarious, up to 0.6 mm. wide with a coarsely toothed margin and the upper sepal-margins also toothed, varying to narrowly falcate and unwinged or at most with a small tooth at the centre back, the tip acute to cuspidate; petals dimorphic, eglandular, the dorsal oblanceolate, 1.0 mm. long, entire to emarginate, the ventral shorter and narrower, linear-oblong, bidentate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.3 mm. long, brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412235 morphology 652E566B-B035-4661-8E23-3C56FB4CEDD6 Fig. 3/7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335521-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Slender rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Leaves numerous, setaceous, flaccid, 1.5–4 cm. long, scarcely broadened at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Scapes up to 50 or more, 5–12(–15) cm. high, 3–4-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, inflated upwards, deeply slit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Capitulum globose to ovoid, 1.5–2 mm. diameter, blackish, the bracts loosely imbricate with the petal-tips visible; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, concolorous with the floral bracts, blackish, scarious, broadly obovate, 0.8–1.1 mm. long, rounded; floral bracts similar to the involucral, suborbicular, broadly obtuse with erose upper margin; receptacle shortly pilose; flowers dimerous, flushed grey upwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Male flower 0.8–1.0 mm. long: sepals free, oblong-falcate, lightly keeled, denticulate-acute; petals triangular, eglandular, the larger 0.3 mm.; anthers 4, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Female flower 1.2 mm. long: sepals narrowly oblong-falcate with the petals and ovary exposed, narrowly winged on the keel or merely inconspicuously thickened, sometimes one or two short hyaline hairs at the top of the wing, acute; petals slightly unequal, narrowly oblanceolate-spathulate, emarginate or denticulate, longer than the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Seed ellipsoid, 0.3 mm. long, brown, thickly white-reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000412564 morphology 0448B620-E0A6-4956-B24F-162C18E0CDB0 Fig. 4/2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981407-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Tufted annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, up to 6 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, opaque, subacute and apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Scapes many, strict, stout, up to 15 cm. high, 5-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves, inflated, obliquely slit, the limb acuminate, often splitting and becoming bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Capitulum crateriform, ± 5 mm. diameter, glistening white to yellowish grey; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, 2.5–2.7 mm. long, oblong with a rounded to obtusely triangular tip, shiny, scarious, pallid, spreading at maturity; floral bracts obovate, rounded, similar to the involucral bracts but usually shorter, glabrous; receptacle subglabrous to pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Flowers with trimerous ovary, 1.5–1.8 mm. long, pallid throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Male flowers: sepals 2, grey, oblong-spathulate, conduplicate, tips obtuse with a few white papillae; petals 3, tiny, glandular and white-papillose; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Female flowers: sepals 2, resembling the male; petals and ovary usually raised on a stipe up to 0.4 mm. long; petals 3, narrowly oblanceolate, pilose on the inner face with spreading, septate, hyaline hairs, glandular and white-papillose at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000414457 morphology 1928CA6C-C035-447D-A1A9-D1513C903A58 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. long, pale yellow to brownish yellow, longitudinally ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Perennial forming clusters of leaf rosettes from a short rhizome clothed in roots and old leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Leaves lanceolate, 4–10 cm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, thick and spongy, yellow-green, tapering uniformly to an acute, hard, yellow-brown tip, woolly in the axils with long matted hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Scapes few, often solitary, 25–65 cm. high, 0.6–0.9 mm. in diameter, 6–8-ribbed; sheaths usually clearly longer than the leaf rosette, loose, the mouth scarious, obliquely slit with a rounded limb or becoming lacerate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Capitulum depressed-globose, 8–12 mm. diameter, grey becoming white; involucral bracts shorter than the capitulum width, ± 3 mm. long, yellow, brown or coppery,cartilaginous, broadly elliptic to oblong with obtuse or lacerate tips, somewhat reflexed at maturity; outer floral bracts resembling the involucral, narrowly oblong-cuneate, acuminate, grading into the grey inner bracts, these scarious with a thicker midline, white-hairy below the cuspidate tip; receptacle pilose, sometimes sparsely; flowers trimerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Male flowers ± 5 mm. long: sepals narrowly oblong, the two laterals keeled, third flat, connate into a grey spathe with free, white-hairy, subacute tips; petals ligulate, exserted from the calyx, unequal with the longest up to 3.5 mm. long, white-villous at the tips, white-pilose with shorter hairs on the inner blade; anthers brownish black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Female flowers: sepals resembling the male calyx, connate into a grey spathe with free, white-hairy tips; petals raised on a short villous stipe, unequal, narrowly oblanceolate, the longest 3 mm. long, clawed and clearly exserted from the calyx, the other two 2 mm. long, white-hairy at the tips, conspicuously villous with spreading, hyaline, septate hairs ± 1 mm. long from the lower blade; ovary sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000412993 morphology D1C5D089-9730-49D4-BB2E-7848B75EFD03 Seeds ellipsoid, brown, 0.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335596-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Perennial from a short rhizome, often robust. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Leaves many, rush-like, narrow, semi-cylindrical, up to 40 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, usually crowded in an erect tuft, subulate when short, spongy, the tip obtuse with a pore on the upper surface, woolly in the axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Scapes 1–6(–15), 25–65 cm. high, 6–8-ribbed; sheaths equalling or longer than the leaves, the mouth shortly slit, limb rounded or becoming split. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Capitulum hemispherical becoming globose with intruded base at maturity, white, 8–12 mm. diameter, the pointed tips of the floral bracts usually visible among the exserted white-hairy petals; involucral bracts shorter than the capitulum width, in several series, spreading, firm, 2.3–3.5 mm. long, straw-coloured or light brown and often flushed grey or black with a central paler stripe, oblong to ovate, outer rounded, the inner acute; floral bracts up to 3.7×1.2–1.5 mm., cuneate, white-villous on the widest part, firm and straw-coloured below, the tip chartaceous, dark grey, brown or infrequently pale, often abruptly long-cuspidate but sometimes merely acute or apiculate; receptacle pilose; flowers trimerous, 3.0–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Male flowers: sepals free, ± equal, laterals narrowly oblong-navicular, 1.7–2.5 mm. long, white or with greyish or brownish tips, white-villous towards the obliquely truncate tip, median similar but flat; petals unequal, glandular, white-villous overthe whole inner blade, two small, the third narrowly oblong, up to 3 mm. long, exserted from the capitulum; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Female flowers: sepals as in the male flowers, 1.5–2.8 mm. long; petals and ovary both stipitate; petals unequal, glandular, white-villous over the inner blade, narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, somewhat narrowed to the base but not clawed, two 1.5–2.5×0.5–0.6 mm., the third ± 1/3 longer, exserted from the capitulum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000414231 morphology 4A6FC4D7-EFDC-486C-BEFB-7DE2C4BE32C2 Seeds subrotund, 0.5–0.6 mm. long, reddish brown with white papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335797-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Robust rosulate perennial from a stout rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Leaves broadly linear, tapering, 20–35 cm. long, 13–18 mm. wide, light green, thick, slightly glossy, the tip rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Scapes few, stout, 35–60 cm. high, 10-ribbed; sheaths almost equalling the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Capitulum subglobose, 11–13 mm. diameter, greyish white; involucral bracts shorter than the capitulum width, oblong, yellow-brown, coriaceous, neatly imbricate in 3 series, subacute; floral bracts spathulate-angulate, firm, flushed blackish with paler, abruptly acute tip, white-pilose and concave at the widest part; receptacle villous; flowers trimerous, 3.0–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Male flowers: sepals oblanceolate, free or almost so, 2.2×1.0 mm., blackish upwards, lightly keeled, white-pilose at the tips; petals unequal, exserted from the calyx, glandular and villous, the hairs white above the gland and hyaline below, the longest petal 2.5×0.8 mm., the other two 1.5×0.5 mm.; anthers dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Female flowers: sepals equal, blackish, oblanceolate-oblong, boat-shaped, 2×1 mm., white-pilose at the tip, villous around the keel with longer hyaline hairs; petals and ovary sessile; petals subequal, oblanceolate-oblong, densely villous with white hairs above the gland and longer hyaline hairs below, two 2.3×0.7 mm., the third slightly larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Seeds subglobose, 0.75 mm. long, brown with many small hair-like projections. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000411449 morphology B9114436-F940-42AD-9486-872B260F0BA1 Fig. 2/1–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988785-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Robust perennial from a stout erect rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Leaves clustered at the rhizome tip, broadly linear, 6–25(–40) cm. long, 4–14(–18) mm. wide, light green, thick, smooth, the tip broadly rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Scapes 2–5, stout, straight, up to 35(–60) cm. high, 8–10-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, subinflated at the mouth and split into 2–3 papery lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Capitulum hemispherical, 9–14(–18) mm. wide, greyish white; involucral bracts in 2–3 series slightly narrower than the capitulum width, blackish, firmly scarious, elliptic-oblong, acute, glabrous; floral bracts oblong-cuneate, grey, densely white-pilose upwards; receptacle glabrous; flowers 3–3.5(–4.5) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Male flowers: sepals oblong-obovate, connate into a spathe with free tips, lightly keeled, black, white-pilose on the upper back and margins, broadly acute; petals glandular and white-villous above the middle, unequal, the longest 1.5–2.5 mm. long, its tip exserted from the calyx; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Female flowers: sepals blackish, subequal, variable, oblong to obovate-oblong, spongy along the midline, white-pilose towards the tips, free or frequently connate at the base, sometimes unequally connate to the middle or above and resembling the male calyx; petals and ovary subsessile; petals white-pilose above the middle, slightly unequal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Seeds ellipsoid to subrotund, 0.7–1.0 mm. long, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000413572 morphology 789FED78-855D-4A67-BE24-0064A3E9845F Fig. 2/9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335698-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Robust tufted perennial from a short rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 7–30 cm. long, 6–10 mm. wide, firm, gradually tapering to a narrowly obtuse tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Scapes 1–5, stout, 10–60 cm. high, 8–9-ribbed; sheaths usually shorter than the leaves, loose, the limb subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Capitulum depressed-globose, 12–19 mm. diameter, white speckled with darker bracts; involucral bracts large and scarious, as wide as the capitulum, pallid, flushed grey or blackish, ovate to ovate-oblong, 4.5–6.0 mm. long, acute, finally reflexing; floral bracts narrowly oblong, flushed grey, concave, densely white-villous above the middle, long-acuminate; receptacle thinly hairy; flowers trimerous, 3.5–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Male flowers: sepals grey, unequally connate below or up to the middle, the two lateral lightly keeled, the third concave, white-pilose across the tips; petals ligular, exserted from the calyx, glandular and white-villous, dimorphic, the longest 2.1–3.5 mm. long; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Female flowers: sepals oblong, grey, deeply concave, thickened and spongy along the midline and sometimes expanded into a narrow wing, villous along the lower margins inside, white-pilose at the tip; petals and ovary sessile; petals oblong-spathulate, glandular and white-villous upwards, the mid-petal longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Seeds ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 0.8–1.0 mm. long, mid-brown or reddish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000412031 morphology 5CF695EE-7431-4905-BB64-AD9E0355640B Fig. 2/8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335488-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Low perennial, forming clusters of small rosettes from a branching rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Leaves lanceolate, tapering from broad base to narrow obtuse tip, 3–7 cm. long, 5–8 mm. wide, firm, outwardly curving. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Scapes up to ± 6, very short, the capitula remaining in the leaf rosette and sometimes subsessile, 3–4-ribbed; sheaths open nearly to the base, embedded among the woolly leaf-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Capitulum dark grey with light straw-coloured involucral bracts, 5–9 mm. diameter; involucral bracts forming a campanulate cup around the flowers, coriaceous, 2.2–3.2 mm. long, suborbicular, rounded across the thinner tips, spreading at maturity; floral bracts narrowly obovate, flushed grey, thinly white-pilose, subacute; receptacle glabrous; flowers trimerous, 2.6–2.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Male flowers: sepals dark grey, obovate-oblong, unequally connate below, white-pilose on the upper back; petals subequal, glandular and white-villous; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Female flowers: sepals blackish, oblong to obovate-oblong, concave and indistinctly keeled, white-pilose at the subacute tips; petals subequal, narrowly oblong-spathulate, glandular and white-pilose at the tips, pilose with hyaline hairs on the inner face. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000414719 morphology 365E656D-E03D-426F-ACCD-FF7CC2C8B426 Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 0.7 mm. long, dark reddish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335850-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Small rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Leaves subulate, 1.2–1.8 cm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, fenestrate, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Scapes up to ± 20, slender, 3–5 cm. high, 4-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves, inflated, the limb subacute becoming denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Capitulum depressed-globose, 4–6 mm. diameter, dirty white, fluffy with woolly hairs; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, pallid or greyish, scarious, obovate, 2 mm. long, villous with spreading, hyaline, tubercle-based, septate, twisted hairs, a few stouter opaque white hairs at the acute tip, not reflexing at maturity; floral bracts resembling the involucral but narrower, oblanceolate, villous with long hyaline hairs on the back and with white stout hairs at the tip; receptacle thinly pilose; flowers trimerous, 2.0–2.3 mm. long, pallid, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Male flowers: calyx variable, the sepals almost free, narrowly oblong, white-villous above the middle, the two lateral keeled and connate with the flat median sepal only at the base, or variably connate with the median sepal sometimes almost to the tips; petals subequal, the tips exserted from the calyx, glandular and white-villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Female flowers: sepals narrowly oblong, lightly keeled, white-villous towards the tips; petals subequal, narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, glandular and white-villous on the inner face with hairs 0.3–0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Seeds ellipsoid, 0.4 mm. long, brown, longitudinally white striate-punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000411695 morphology 950F0447-2115-48A3-A7BC-42A146118E3F Fig. 1/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992353-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Slender tufted annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Leaves linear, 2–7.5 cm. long, 1.5–6 mm. wide, thin, acute or less often acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Scapes varying from few to ± 50, often slightly flexuous, 7–25 cm. high, 4-ribbed, the ribs forming narrow wings; sheaths ± as long as the leaves, the limb with a delicate hyaline acute tip, soon splitting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Capitulum globose, 3–5 mm. diameter, greyish white, the pale female petals showing among the white-hairy floral bracts; involucral bracts shorter than the capitulum width, 4–5 spaced in one circlet (best seen in very young, still hemispherical capitula), ovate-oblong,obtuse, thin and hyaline, crumpled and obscured by the expanding flowers and apparently absent at maturity; floral bracts narrowly oblong-cuneate, black, scarious, concave but not keeled, densely white-pilose on the upper blade, acute; receptacle pilose, often thinly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Flowers 3-merous, 1.0–1.2 mm. long, mainly female. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Male flowers: calyx spathate, black, the free sepal-tips obtuse, white-pilose; petals small and included within the calyx, white-pilose, glands very small; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Female flowers: sepals black, narrowly oblong, one slightly to definitely smaller, concave, lightly keeled and narrowly winged above the middle, white-hairy towards the acute tip; petals and ovary subsessile; petals narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, subequal, pallid, white-hairy around the tips, glands small, often absent on the median petal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 0.3 mm. long, yellowish brown, translucent, white-reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000410511 morphology E74F7721-D32A-47FF-A718-EFAF95B84BD1 Fig. 4/4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335269-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Rosulate herb, fairly robust, probably annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Leaves ensiform, 3–6 cm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, spongy, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Scapes 1–16, flexuous, 10–35 cm. high, 5–7-ribbed; sheaths exceeding the leaves, slightly inflated, the mouth deeply obliquely slit with an acute limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Capitulum globose to conical, 5–8 mm. diameter, shaggy, shining pale silvery-grey with yellowish involucral bracts; involucral bracts forming a crateriform base to the capitulum, scarious with coriaceous lower part, obovate, 3.0–3.5 mm. long, broadly rounded with small central cusp, reflexing at maturity; floral bracts oblanceolate to cuneate-oblong, scarious, glabrous, pallid flushed grey, incurving, the tip extended into a long slender cusp; receptacle pilose; flowers trimerous, 2.0–2.5 mm. long, pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Male flowers: sepals free, linear, subequal or one slightly smaller, pallid to grey, glabrous; petals tiny, glabrous or white-pilose, eglandular; anthers dark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Female flowers: sepals narrowly linear, slightly geniculate, subequal or one noticeably smaller, pallid or grey, glabrous, acuminate; petals and ovary raised on a stipe; petals linear, white, subequal or the odd petal up to a third larger, eglandular, white-pilose at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Seeds ellipsoid, 0.35 mm. long, brown, reticulate with white papillae outlining the reticulations. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000409361 morphology F127A312-AAE7-4AFF-AC89-A14C15C522CC Fig. 3/8; fig. 4/6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335137-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Small rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Leaves few, light green, subulate, relatively long, up to 5 cm. long, 0.8–1.7 mm. wide, exceeding the sheaths and often intermingling with the lower capitula, fenestrate, tapering to a fine acuminate tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Scapes very slender, several to numerous and radiating to form a dome-shaped mound, 2–12 cm. high, 0.2–0.3 mm. in diameter, 3–4-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, the mouth oblique with entire subacute limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Capitulum globose to ovoid, 2–3 mm. diameter, grey to blackish with paler involucral bracts, loose and untidy with prominent stigmas; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, pallid, scarious, 1.2–1.4 mm. long, elliptic to narrowly ovate, subacute, not reflexing; floral bracts oblanceolate-oblong, concave, subacute to shortly acuminate, scarious, flushed grey with the upper usually darker; receptacle glabrous to villous; flowers trimerous, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Male flowers: calyx spathate, grey, sepals connate below the middle, the free tips triangular, glabrous, acute; petals rudimentary, glabrous; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Female flowers: sepals variable, subequal, usually flushed grey, narrowly lanceolate and slightly concave, varying to broader and deeply concave but not keeled, acute or acuminate, the margins glabrous, with a few short hairs, or occasionally conspicuously ciliate, the hairs 0.15–0.3 mm. long; petals subequal, linear, glabrous, vestigial glands usually present at least on the two smaller, sometimes emarginate, especially the larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Seeds ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 0.35 mm. long, brown, glossy, ± smooth with a faint reticulation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000408675 morphology B790F0E2-868A-4287-A4BF-F1BB048A794A Fig. 3/4–6; fig. 4/1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335059-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Small rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Leaves pale green, acicular, 1–2(–5) cm. long, 0.2–1.0 mm. wide, fenestrate, soon dying back. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000894716 morphology 69BFC7AE-038C-4DF0-BB2A-7777C728817B Spikelets narrowly oblong, 2–3 mm. long, falling with a minute piece of the pedicel; glumes slightly notched at the apex, rough with minute points especially in the lower part, minutely hairy on the margins, with a fine straight awn 4–7 mm. long; lemma about half the length of the glumes, smooth, awnless or with an awn up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1048074-2 wfo-0000894716 morphology 69BFC7AE-038C-4DF0-BB2A-7777C728817B Fig. 33, p. 99. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1048074-2 wfo-0000872873 morphology 60A7331B-2B72-4045-AE02-61E1B0CE8FAD Annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403926-1 wfo-0000872873 morphology 60A7331B-2B72-4045-AE02-61E1B0CE8FAD Culms up to 60 cm. high, slender, erect or geniculately ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403926-1 wfo-0000872873 morphology 60A7331B-2B72-4045-AE02-61E1B0CE8FAD Leaf-blades 2.5–15 cm. long and 1–4 mm. wide, rough, acute; ligule 2–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403926-1 wfo-0000872873 morphology 60A7331B-2B72-4045-AE02-61E1B0CE8FAD Panicle linear-oblong to lanceolate, up to 18 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, dense, pale green; pedicels with thickened tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403926-1 wfo-0000872873 morphology 60A7331B-2B72-4045-AE02-61E1B0CE8FAD Spikelets linear-oblong, 5–7.5 mm. long, the rhachilla produced as a fine hairy bristle; glumes finely acute, the lower as long as the spikelet, the upper 4–5 mm. long; lemma up to 1.5 mm. long, loosely to densely pubescent, bearing an awn up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403926-1 wfo-0000872873 morphology 60A7331B-2B72-4045-AE02-61E1B0CE8FAD Fig. 34, p. 101. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:403926-1 wfo-0000857404 morphology 4D13F330-A717-4A4B-8347-D59FBB32DC41 Loosely tufted perennial with slender creeping rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394505-1 wfo-0000857404 morphology 4D13F330-A717-4A4B-8347-D59FBB32DC41 Culms 35–45 cm. high, slender, scaberulous, ascending, rooting and branched at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394505-1 wfo-0000857404 morphology 4D13F330-A717-4A4B-8347-D59FBB32DC41 Leaf-blades up to 6 cm. long and 2 mm. wide, firm, ± scaberulous, with a subpungent tip; ligules 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394505-1 wfo-0000857404 morphology 4D13F330-A717-4A4B-8347-D59FBB32DC41 Panicle erect, narrowly oblong, 5–6 cm. long and 0.8–1.2 cm. wide, spike-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394505-1 wfo-0000857404 morphology 4D13F330-A717-4A4B-8347-D59FBB32DC41 Spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 4.5–5 mm. long, purplish; glumes narrowly lanceolate, minutely scaberulous on the keel above, acuminate; lemma 2.5–3 mm. long, firmly membranous, asperulous towards the apex, 5-nerved, the laterals excurrent into 4 mucros; awn ± 2 mm. long, arising at about the middle of the back; callus-hairs 3.5 mm. long, exceeding the floret. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:394505-1 wfo-0000844394 morphology E8248A07-C14A-4EB4-8229-A3509A0DD50D Loosely tufted stoloniferous perennial; culms 30–120 cm. high, erect or more often ascending from a geniculate or sometimes prostrate base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386280-1 wfo-0000844394 morphology E8248A07-C14A-4EB4-8229-A3509A0DD50D Leaf-blades flat, 6–15 cm. long and 3–5 mm. wide, scaberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386280-1 wfo-0000844394 morphology E8248A07-C14A-4EB4-8229-A3509A0DD50D Panicle irregularly linear to narrowly oblong, 6–20 cm. long, dense or somewhat loose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386280-1 wfo-0000844394 morphology E8248A07-C14A-4EB4-8229-A3509A0DD50D Spikelets 2–2.6 mm. long, falling together with the pedicel, the floret usually shed at about the same time; glumes lanceolate, 1-nerved, scaberulous to scabrid, acute; lemma broadly oblong, 1.5 mm. long, glabrous, 5-nerved, the nerves excurrent at the truncate tip, awnless or very rarely with a slender bristle up to 0.5 mm. long from the upper third of the back; palea almost as long as the lemma; rhachilla not produced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386280-1 wfo-0000844408 morphology 6B804110-8183-4300-ACC7-F2A3C00DA5B6 Densely tufted perennial forming firm cushions; culms 2–6 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386291-1 wfo-0000844408 morphology 6B804110-8183-4300-ACC7-F2A3C00DA5B6 Leaf-blades subulate, 0.5–2 cm. long, stiff, glabrous, striate, blunt-tipped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386291-1 wfo-0000844408 morphology 6B804110-8183-4300-ACC7-F2A3C00DA5B6 Panicle narrowly ovate, ± 1 cm. long, open, the short stiff branches bearing 5–12 spikelets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386291-1 wfo-0000844408 morphology 6B804110-8183-4300-ACC7-F2A3C00DA5B6 Spikelets narrowly oblong, 2.5–3 mm. long, green or purplish; glumes persistent, smooth, acute, the lower narrowly ovate and 1-nerved, the upper shorter, lanceolate and 3-nerved; lemma elliptic-oblong, 2 mm. long, glabrous, 5-nerved, denticulate-truncate, with or without a tiny mucro from the middle of the back; palea about three-fourths as long as the lemma; rhachilla not produced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386291-1 wfo-0000844606 morphology 920BBCF9-057A-44CA-AE32-2C20D200EF35 Loosely tufted perennial; culms 15–30 cm. high, slender, ascending from a short creeping base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386395-1 wfo-0000844606 morphology 920BBCF9-057A-44CA-AE32-2C20D200EF35 Leaf-blades flat, up to 12 cm. long and 2 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386395-1 wfo-0000844606 morphology 920BBCF9-057A-44CA-AE32-2C20D200EF35 Panicle ovate to ovate-oblong, 8–14 cm. long, open and loose, the branches stiff and smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386395-1 wfo-0000844606 morphology 920BBCF9-057A-44CA-AE32-2C20D200EF35 Spikelets elliptic-lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. long, green tinged with purple; glumes persistent, lanceolate, the upper a little shorter than the lower, both 3-nerved, minutely glandular along the nerves, otherwise smooth, acute or obtuse; lemma broadly elliptic, 2.5 mm. long, glabrous, 5-nerved, the outermost nerves excurrent, awned from one-third the way up the back; awn weakly geniculate, 2.5–4.5 mm. long; palea 1 mm. long; rhachilla extension 0–0.2 mm. long, usually hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386395-1 wfo-0000844183 morphology CAA57FD2-2680-4D36-9555-53FCF3719BCF Stoloniferous perennial; culms 70–100 cm. high, geniculately ascending from a prostrate base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386145-1 wfo-0000844183 morphology CAA57FD2-2680-4D36-9555-53FCF3719BCF Leaf-blades flat, up to 14 cm. long and 3 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386145-1 wfo-0000844183 morphology CAA57FD2-2680-4D36-9555-53FCF3719BCF Panicle linear to oblong, 10–20 cm. long, loose to moderately dense, the branches scaberulous, slender, spreading or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386145-1 wfo-0000844183 morphology CAA57FD2-2680-4D36-9555-53FCF3719BCF Spikelets narrowly elliptic, 2.5–3 mm. long, green or purple; glumes persistent, lanceolate, the upper a little shorter than the lower, 1-nerved, scabrid on the keel and sides, acute; lemma broadly elliptic, 1.7 mm. long, sparsely pubescent, finely 5-nerved, truncate and denticulate, awned from two-thirds the way up the back; awn straight, 2–4 mm. long, or some of the spikelets in the panicle awnless; palea almost as long as the lemma; rhachilla scarcely produced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386145-1 wfo-0000843851 morphology 19ABD286-772B-4ECB-B475-8DDD08EBDA04 Loosely tufted perennial; culms 70–120 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385888-1 wfo-0000843851 morphology 19ABD286-772B-4ECB-B475-8DDD08EBDA04 Leaf-blades flat, up to 20 cm. long and 3 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385888-1 wfo-0000843851 morphology 19ABD286-772B-4ECB-B475-8DDD08EBDA04 Panicle linear to narrowly oblong, 15–25 cm. long, loose to moderately dense, the branches scaberulous, slender, ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385888-1 wfo-0000843851 morphology 19ABD286-772B-4ECB-B475-8DDD08EBDA04 Spikelets lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, green or purplish, shining; glumes persistent, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, the upper a little shorter than the lower, 1-nerved, smooth except for the serrately scabrid keel, acute; lemma narrowly oblong-ovate, 2.5–3 mm. long, loosely pilose with hairs up to 1 mm. long, clearly 5-nerved, the outermost nerves excurrent into short mucros, awned from one-third the way up the back; awn weakly geniculate, 3.5–5 mm. long; palea almost as long as the lemma; rhachilla-extension variable, 0–0.5 mm. long, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385888-1 wfo-0000844233 morphology 9853707D-B05D-449E-951C-32F102B0988E Compactly tufted perennial, the base clad in the fibrous remains of old leaf-sheaths; culms 30–80 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386178-1 wfo-0000844233 morphology 9853707D-B05D-449E-951C-32F102B0988E Leaf-blades narrowly linear to subsetaceous, up to 25 cm. long and 2 mm. wide, flat or involute, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386178-1 wfo-0000844233 morphology 9853707D-B05D-449E-951C-32F102B0988E Panicle ovate to narrowly oblong, 5–20 cm. long, loose or somewhat contracted, the branches flexuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386178-1 wfo-0000844233 morphology 9853707D-B05D-449E-951C-32F102B0988E Spikelets oblong, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, green or purplish; glumes persistent, lanceolate, subequal, minutely granular-asperulous on the sides especially towards the base, acuminate, 1-nerved or the upper 3-nerved; lemma ovate-oblong, 2–2.5 mm. long, loosely pilose, 5-nerved, the nerves excurrent into mucros up to 0.8 mm. long, awned from near the base; awn geniculate, 4–7 mm. long; palea almost as long as the lemma, bimucronate; rhachilla-extension 1–3 mm. long, hairy below, scaberulous and awn-like above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386178-1 wfo-0000844233 morphology 9853707D-B05D-449E-951C-32F102B0988E Fig. 36, p. 109. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386178-1 wfo-0000843855 morphology B7D7033F-90CF-4CAA-8022-1E29D07AA6FE Straggling or tufted perennial; culms 30–90 cm. high, slender and geniculately ascending, or erect and up to 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385891-1 wfo-0000843855 morphology B7D7033F-90CF-4CAA-8022-1E29D07AA6FE Leaf-blades 5–20 cm. long and 1–4 mm. wide, flat, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385891-1 wfo-0000843855 morphology B7D7033F-90CF-4CAA-8022-1E29D07AA6FE Panicle linear to narrowly oblong or sometimes ovate, 5–22 cm. long, the branches flexuous and ascending with crowded spikelets, sometimes spreading and open. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385891-1 wfo-0000843855 morphology B7D7033F-90CF-4CAA-8022-1E29D07AA6FE Spikelets oblong, 2.5–3(–4.5) mm. long, gaping, green or purple; glumes persistent, smooth on the sides, acuminate, the lower lanceolate and 1-nerved, the upper narrower and shorter, 1-sub–3-nerved, sometimes glandular beside the keel; lemma ovate-oblong, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, pilose, 5-nerved, the lateral nerves excurrent into short mucros, awned from near the base; palea as long as the lemma; rhachilla-extension 0–1 mm. long, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385891-1 wfo-0000843491 morphology A573A487-7FDA-4104-BFAE-0A605D650871 Tufted perennial; culms 30–70 cm. high, erect or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385612-1 wfo-0000843491 morphology A573A487-7FDA-4104-BFAE-0A605D650871 Leaf-blades flat, 8–25 cm. long and 2–3 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385612-1 wfo-0000843491 morphology A573A487-7FDA-4104-BFAE-0A605D650871 Panicle contracted, subspiciform, 5–20 cm. long, the branches fascicled and densely spiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385612-1 wfo-0000843491 morphology A573A487-7FDA-4104-BFAE-0A605D650871 Spikelets oblong, 3–5 mm. long, green or purple; glumes persistent, lanceolate, 1-nerved, finely scaberulous, the upper a little shorter; lemma oblong-ovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, up to 2/3 as long as the spikelet, glabrous or sparsely pilose, 5-nerved, the outermost nerves excurrent into mucros, awned from one-quarter the way up the back or less; awn geniculate, 2–4 mm. long; palea one-quarter to one-third as long as the lemma; rhachilla usually not prolonged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385612-1 wfo-0000843716 morphology 0A106577-A7C3-419D-AE24-251BF697BEDD Densely tufted perennial; culms 5–60 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385795-1 wfo-0000843716 morphology 0A106577-A7C3-419D-AE24-251BF697BEDD Leaf-blades involute, subulate to filiform, 2–25 cm. long, rarely opened out and 1 mm. wide, stiff, the undersurface smooth and striate or with a continuous layer of sclerenchyma masking the striations. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385795-1 wfo-0000843716 morphology 0A106577-A7C3-419D-AE24-251BF697BEDD Panicle narrowly oblong, 2–20 cm. long, open, with stiff, spreading, trichotomously divided branches; pedicels and branches smooth or slightly scaberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385795-1 wfo-0000843716 morphology 0A106577-A7C3-419D-AE24-251BF697BEDD Spikelets lanceolate, 2–4 mm. long, green or purple; glumes persistent, lanceolate, subequal, 3-nerved, sparsely scaberulous on the keel, acute; lemma ovate-oblong, 2–3 mm. long, glabrous or very rarely sparsely pubescent, 5-nerved, the outermost nerves excurrent into mucros, awned from one-quarter the way up the back; awn geniculate, 3–5 mm. long; palea as long as the lemma; rhachilla-extension 0.2–0.8 mm. long, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:385795-1 wfo-0000844663 morphology 59B7617C-9025-4232-A414-CC0279A0D763 Densely tufted perennial; culms 6–50 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386430-1 wfo-0000844663 morphology 59B7617C-9025-4232-A414-CC0279A0D763 Leaf-blades involute, filiform, up to 15 cm. long, stiff, densely scaberulous, without striations on the underside (due to a continuous layer of sclerenchyma beneath the epidermis). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386430-1 wfo-0000844663 morphology 59B7617C-9025-4232-A414-CC0279A0D763 Panicle linear, contracted, 3–15 cm. long, dense, the branches scaberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386430-1 wfo-0000844663 morphology 59B7617C-9025-4232-A414-CC0279A0D763 Spikelets lanceolate, 3–4.5 mm. long, purple; glumes persistent, lanceolate, 3-nerved, asperulous, acute; lemma ovate-oblong, 2.5–3 mm. long, finely pubescent, 5-nerved, 4-denticulate with the outer nerves excurrent into brief mucros, awned from near the base; awn geniculate, ± 3 mm. long; palea as long as the lemma; rhachilla-extension 0.2 mm. long, obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386430-1 wfo-0000844774 morphology 5AF86008-1E00-4A9C-B735-50549015CAF1 Densely tufted perennial; culms 6–45 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386523-1 wfo-0000844774 morphology 5AF86008-1E00-4A9C-B735-50549015CAF1 Leaf-blades involute, filiform, up to 10 cm. long, stiff, densely scaberulous, striate on the underside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386523-1 wfo-0000844774 morphology 5AF86008-1E00-4A9C-B735-50549015CAF1 Panicle narrowly oblong, 3–15 cm. long, loose, rarely contracted, the branches flexuous and sparsely asperulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386523-1 wfo-0000844774 morphology 5AF86008-1E00-4A9C-B735-50549015CAF1 Spikelets lanceolate, 2–4.5 mm. long, purplish; glumes persistent, lanceolate, subequal, 3-nerved, sparsely asperulous, acute; lemma ovate-oblong, 2–3 mm. long, pilose to almost glabrous, 5-nerved, the 4 lateral nerves usually excurrent into conspicuous mucros, awned from one-quarter the way up the back; awn geniculate, 3–5 mm. long; palea as long as the lemma, bimucronate; rhachilla-extension 0.2 mm. long, obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:386523-1 wfo-0000902950 morphology EAA169C0-4E80-4370-BC8A-D46967989ADB Densely tufted perennial 30–50 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423821-1 wfo-0000902950 morphology EAA169C0-4E80-4370-BC8A-D46967989ADB Leaf-blades involute and filiform, up to 1.5 mm. wide when flattened, ribbed and pubescent on the upper (inner) surface; ligule ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423821-1 wfo-0000902950 morphology EAA169C0-4E80-4370-BC8A-D46967989ADB Panicle contracted, linear, 5–15 cm. long, the branchlets puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423821-1 wfo-0000902950 morphology EAA169C0-4E80-4370-BC8A-D46967989ADB Glumes sub-equal, 8–12 mm. long, hyaline, acuminate; lemma terete, convolute, 6–7 mm. long (including callus), pilose becoming scaberulous towards the top, truncate or obscurely bi-auriculate at the tip; callus pungent, 1.5 mm. long, bearded; awn bigeniculate, ± 5 cm. long, the column loosely villous with hairs ± 1 mm. long, the limb glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423821-1 wfo-0000890251 morphology 1DCAB4AC-BAC2-45A9-A144-33701DC720C7 Perennial reed, with creeping rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415942-1 wfo-0000890251 morphology 1DCAB4AC-BAC2-45A9-A144-33701DC720C7 Culms erect, up to 10 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415942-1 wfo-0000890251 morphology 1DCAB4AC-BAC2-45A9-A144-33701DC720C7 Leaf-blades 30–80 cm. long and 12–40 mm. wide, glabrous, rough to the touch beneath (at least in upper half), the tips attenuate and stiff (occasionally almost smooth or with filiform tips). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415942-1 wfo-0000890251 morphology 1DCAB4AC-BAC2-45A9-A144-33701DC720C7 Panicle 30–50 cm. long and 10–20 cm. wide, the lowest node often many-branched in a whorl, the branches bare of spikelets for some distance from their base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415942-1 wfo-0000890251 morphology 1DCAB4AC-BAC2-45A9-A144-33701DC720C7 Spikelets 9–12 mm. long, the rhachilla-hairs 4–7 mm. long, rather sparse; lower glume just over half as long as the upper; upper glume narrowly elliptic to very narrowly elliptic, 4–6 mm. long, acute to subacute; lowest lemma very narrowly elliptic, 7.5–12 mm. long; fertile lemmas very narrowly lanceolate, 8.5–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415942-1 wfo-0000851189 morphology 83B4B689-6E30-468C-9850-2BC865AE8173 Perennial, from a much-branched woody base arising from stout rhizomes, these and the base of the plant clothed with broad papery or coriaceous hairy or glabrous cataphylls; culms 15–60 cm. high, erect or ascending, tough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391049-1 wfo-0000851189 morphology 83B4B689-6E30-468C-9850-2BC865AE8173 Leaf-blades linear to lanceolate-linear, up to 9 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, flat or involute, stiff to rigid, glaucous, minutely and densely hairy or scaberulous, closely ribbed, pungent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:11999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391049-1 wfo-0000851189 morphology 83B4B689-6E30-468C-9850-2BC865AE8173 Panicle narrowly oblong, 2.5–11 cm. long and up to 2.5 cm. wide, erect, dense, pale. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391049-1 wfo-0000851189 morphology 83B4B689-6E30-468C-9850-2BC865AE8173 Spikelets 7–10 mm. long, 2–4-flowered; glumes lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic, finely acute, 7-nerved or the upper 5-nerved, minutely asperulous, sometimes puberulous; body of the lemma 1.6–2 mm. long, the lobes 2.5–3 mm. long; awn 3–5 mm. long, straight or slightly geniculate; callus up to 1 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391049-1 wfo-0000851189 morphology 83B4B689-6E30-468C-9850-2BC865AE8173 Fig. 39. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391049-1 wfo-0000889405 morphology 10E213EA-45B4-4C25-8B33-B2E05CA34797 Densely tufted perennial; culms 30–70 cm. high, erect or slightly geniculate, 2–5-noded, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415429-1 wfo-0000889405 morphology 10E213EA-45B4-4C25-8B33-B2E05CA34797 Leaf-blades setaceous, up to 30 cm. long and 2 mm. wide when opened out, loosely hairy or glabrous, finely pointed; lower leaf-sheaths narrow, glabrous or loosely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415429-1 wfo-0000889405 morphology 10E213EA-45B4-4C25-8B33-B2E05CA34797 Panicle pyramidal, 10–18 cm. long and up to 10 cm. wide, open and very loose; branches eglandular, capillary, spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415429-1 wfo-0000889405 morphology 10E213EA-45B4-4C25-8B33-B2E05CA34797 Spikelets 5–9 mm. long; glumes purple towards the base, pale yellow above; body of lemma 2–3.5 mm. long, loosely pilose, the lobes 0.5–1 mm. long, acute, each with a fine bristle up to 4 mm. long; awn 7–15 mm. long, the column 3–5 mm. long and tightly twisted; palea 3.5–4 mm. long; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415429-1 wfo-0000889405 morphology 10E213EA-45B4-4C25-8B33-B2E05CA34797 Fig. 40, p. 126. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415429-1 wfo-0000889350 morphology 0D110821-4BD7-473A-A93C-EFBCB64C3680 Densely tufted perennial from a short rhizome; culms 15–60 cm. high, erect, 1–2-noded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415393-1 wfo-0000889350 morphology 0D110821-4BD7-473A-A93C-EFBCB64C3680 Leaf-blades narrowly linear to setaceous, 5–25 cm. long and up to 4 mm. wide when opened out, rigid, curved or flexuous, glabrous or pubescent, usually glandular on the margins, with a slender blunt tip; lower leaf-sheaths glabrous to villous, usually ± coriaceous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415393-1 wfo-0000889350 morphology 0D110821-4BD7-473A-A93C-EFBCB64C3680 Panicle ovate to oblong, 4–12 cm. long, usually loose; rhachis and branches nearly always bearing minute elliptic or circular glands; branches capillary, spreading or sometimes ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415393-1 wfo-0000889350 morphology 0D110821-4BD7-473A-A93C-EFBCB64C3680 Spikelets (3.5–)4–6(–7) mm. long; glumes purple below the middle, pale above; body of lemma 1.8–2.5 mm. long, pubescent, the lobes 0.3–0.6 mm. long, acute, each with a fine bristle 1.5–7 mm. long; awn 4–8 mm. long, the column 2–4 mm. long and tightly twisted; palea 2–4 mm. long; anthers 0.9–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415393-1 wfo-0000889403 morphology 17DDB16E-E98B-43A5-BAE6-5FF320FA02CA Densely tufted perennial; culms 8–30 cm. high, erect, nodeless except near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415428-1 wfo-0000889403 morphology 17DDB16E-E98B-43A5-BAE6-5FF320FA02CA Leaf-blades involute or convolute, 2–7 cm. long and up to 3 mm. wide when opened out, rigid, glabrous or pubescent, with a hard blunt tip; lower leaf-sheaths glabrous or softly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415428-1 wfo-0000889403 morphology 17DDB16E-E98B-43A5-BAE6-5FF320FA02CA Panicle linear, contracted, sometimes spike-like, 2–6.5 cm. long; rhachis and branches usually smooth but sometimes glandular below; branches short, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415428-1 wfo-0000889403 morphology 17DDB16E-E98B-43A5-BAE6-5FF320FA02CA Spikelets 3.7–4.7 mm. long; glumes purplish or grey at the base, pallid above; body of lemma 1.5–1.8 mm. long, pubescent, the lobes ± 0.4 mm. long, each with a fine bristle 0.5–2 mm. long; awn 3–5 mm. long, the column 1–2 mm. long and twisted; palea 2–2.5 mm. long; anthers 0.6–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415428-1 wfo-0000860679 morphology 30AEB979-6456-4F94-860E-BB254659A24A Loosely tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396710-1 wfo-0000860679 morphology 30AEB979-6456-4F94-860E-BB254659A24A Culms 60–150 cm. high, erect or spreading, up to 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396710-1 wfo-0000860679 morphology 30AEB979-6456-4F94-860E-BB254659A24A Leaf-blades up to 75 cm. long and 5–14 mm. wide, flat or becoming convolute, stiff, setaceously acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396710-1 wfo-0000860679 morphology 30AEB979-6456-4F94-860E-BB254659A24A Panicle ovate-oblong to oblong, 17–30 cm. long, loose or somewhat contracted, brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396710-1 wfo-0000860679 morphology 30AEB979-6456-4F94-860E-BB254659A24A Spikelets oblong, 4–6 mm. long, the rhachilla-internodes 0.2 mm. long; lower glume 3–4 mm. long, the upper 3.5–5 mm. long; lemmas narrowly oblong-ovate, 3–4 mm. long, pilose with hairs 0.5–1 mm. long near the margins, the tip entire or shortly and acutely bilobed; awn 3–6 mm. long; callus of the upper florets 1–1.5 mm. long, densely bearded with hairs up to 1.5 mm. long; anthers 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396710-1 wfo-0000860679 morphology 30AEB979-6456-4F94-860E-BB254659A24A Fig. 42. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:396710-1 wfo-0000881562 morphology E5D85B91-AFE2-4A6E-9F39-5BEE6CA81A7F Perennial with short scaly rhizomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409504-1 wfo-0000881562 morphology E5D85B91-AFE2-4A6E-9F39-5BEE6CA81A7F Culms 2–4 m. high and up to 1 cm. in diameter, almost woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409504-1 wfo-0000881562 morphology E5D85B91-AFE2-4A6E-9F39-5BEE6CA81A7F Leaf-blades up to 60 cm. long and 10 mm. broad, mostly rolled, scabrid, the tip filiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409504-1 wfo-0000881562 morphology E5D85B91-AFE2-4A6E-9F39-5BEE6CA81A7F Panicle lanceolate, 30–80 cm. long and 8–12 cm. broad, dense, light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409504-1 wfo-0000881562 morphology E5D85B91-AFE2-4A6E-9F39-5BEE6CA81A7F Spikelets at first narrowly lanceolate, becoming oblong, 6–9 mm. long; florets 5–7, all hermaphrodite; lower glume 2.2–3 mm. long, the upper 2.6–3.2 mm. long; lemmas lanceolate, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, the side nerves ciliate with spreading white hairs 2 mm. long, the lobes setaceous and 0.5–1 mm. long; awn 1.5–2.5 mm. long, recurved; callus oblong, 0.2–0.4 mm. long; anthers 1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409504-1 wfo-0000881562 morphology E5D85B91-AFE2-4A6E-9F39-5BEE6CA81A7F Fig. 43. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409504-1 wfo-0000873727 morphology E6F7928A-E21E-45AB-B10D-3BFFFB6E0EBA Delicate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404492-1 wfo-0000873727 morphology E6F7928A-E21E-45AB-B10D-3BFFFB6E0EBA Culms 10–25 cm. high, very slender, erect or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404492-1 wfo-0000873727 morphology E6F7928A-E21E-45AB-B10D-3BFFFB6E0EBA Leaf-blades 3–7 cm. long and 1–2.5 mm. wide, flat, flaccid, glabrous or with weak scattered hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404492-1 wfo-0000873727 morphology E6F7928A-E21E-45AB-B10D-3BFFFB6E0EBA Panicle ovate or oblong, 2–7 cm. long, very loose with capillary branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404492-1 wfo-0000873727 morphology E6F7928A-E21E-45AB-B10D-3BFFFB6E0EBA Spikelets oblong-cuneate, 2–2.5 mm. long; lower glume 1.5–2 mm. long, the upper as long as the spikelet; lemmas ovate-oblong, 1–1.3 mm. long; awn up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404492-1 wfo-0000873727 morphology E6F7928A-E21E-45AB-B10D-3BFFFB6E0EBA Fig. 44, p. 134. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404492-1 wfo-0000867111 morphology F6FC5E5E-3CDD-44AE-8768-0F45EC817648 Annual; culms 5–60 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400609-1 wfo-0000867111 morphology F6FC5E5E-3CDD-44AE-8768-0F45EC817648 Leaf-blades up to 25 cm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400609-1 wfo-0000867111 morphology F6FC5E5E-3CDD-44AE-8768-0F45EC817648 Panicle 2–30 cm. long, the glomerules (3–)5–7 mm. in diameter, often confluent, rarely elongated into short side branches, the bracts scarcely exceeding the spikelets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400609-1 wfo-0000867111 morphology F6FC5E5E-3CDD-44AE-8768-0F45EC817648 Lower glume 1.5–2 mm. long, the upper 1.5–2.5 mm. long; lemma 2–2.5(–3) mm. long (including awn), drawn out in a slender awn of variable length but commonly about as long as the body of the lemma; palea-wings very variable in size and shape; lodicules 1–2; anthers 1–3, 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400609-1 wfo-0000867111 morphology F6FC5E5E-3CDD-44AE-8768-0F45EC817648 Fig. 45, p. 136. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400609-1 wfo-0000867109 morphology DC9C8ECF-1E6A-467B-A732-C922BC028994 Annual; culms 5–60 cm. high, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400607-1 wfo-0000867109 morphology DC9C8ECF-1E6A-467B-A732-C922BC028994 Leaf-blades up to 25 cm. long and 6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400607-1 wfo-0000867109 morphology DC9C8ECF-1E6A-467B-A732-C922BC028994 Panicle 3–20 cm. long, the glomerules 5–11 mm. in diameter, often contiguous but scarcely confluent, the bracts usually exceeding the spikelets, up to 10 mm. long, acicular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400607-1 wfo-0000867109 morphology DC9C8ECF-1E6A-467B-A732-C922BC028994 Glumes subequal, 4.5–6 mm. long; lemma 3.5–5 mm. long (including awn), acuminate to a short stiff awn-point; palea-wings variously notched; lodicules 1–2; anthers 1–3, 0.3–2.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400607-1 wfo-0000903141 morphology 4164291C-6A47-4D12-A906-94B9985F121E Perennial, sometimes short-lived, usually densely caespitose, up to 75 cm. or more high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423934-1 wfo-0000903141 morphology 4164291C-6A47-4D12-A906-94B9985F121E Leaf-blades setaceous, convolute, up to 15 cm. long, glabrous beneath, scaberulous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423934-1 wfo-0000903141 morphology 4164291C-6A47-4D12-A906-94B9985F121E Panicle 10–15 cm. long, contracted or sometimes effuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423934-1 wfo-0000903141 morphology 4164291C-6A47-4D12-A906-94B9985F121E Spikelets pallid; glumes glabrous or with a few hairs on the margins, unequal, the lower 8 mm. long, the upper 9–10 mm. long; lemma 2–3.5 mm. long, finely tuberculate above, abruptly passing into the awn; callus 1 mm. long, acute, bearded, the bristles gradually increasing in length upward; column of awn ± 5 mm. long, with a dense pencil of hairs at the branching point of the awns, otherwise glabrous; central awn 2–3.5 cm. long, plumose in the upper two-thirds; lateral awns naked, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423934-1 wfo-0000903141 morphology 4164291C-6A47-4D12-A906-94B9985F121E Fig. 46. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423934-1 wfo-0000903081 morphology 0B4F08D3-C6F1-4864-B158-00D86ECF46D8 Densely caespitose annual or short-lived perennial, up to 80 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423902-1 wfo-0000903081 morphology 0B4F08D3-C6F1-4864-B158-00D86ECF46D8 Leaf-blades setaceous, 6–20 cm. long, scaberulous beneath, scabrid or hirtellous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423902-1 wfo-0000903081 morphology 0B4F08D3-C6F1-4864-B158-00D86ECF46D8 Panicle 10–15 cm. long, contracted or sometimes effuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423902-1 wfo-0000903081 morphology 0B4F08D3-C6F1-4864-B158-00D86ECF46D8 Spikelets pallid or purplish; glumes densely pilose, unequal to subequal, the lower 6–11 mm. long, the upper 10–13 mm. long; lemma 3.5–4 mm. long, conspicuously tuberculate above, gradually passing into the awn; callus 0.5–0.75 mm. long, acute, bearded with a short tuft near the base of the callus and a long fringe at the base of the lemma; column of awn 7–10 mm. long, plumose (sometimes rather sparsely so) in the upper half, without a distinct tuft at the summit; central awn 3.5–5.5 cm. long, plumose throughout; lateral awns naked, ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:423902-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Petals mauve with darker striations, laterals oblong, up to 26 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, obtuse, the posterior elliptic, up to 26 mm. long and 12 mm. wide, rounded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Labellum up to 6 cm. long, the free portion ± 25 mm. wide, obovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Free filament ligulate, ± 12 mm. long; anther terminal, 9-11 mm. long, glabrous, completely dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Style glabrous; stigma trumpet-shaped with a ciliate margin; ovary pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Fruit ovoid, 4-5 cm. long (including beak 4 mm. long), 2.5-3 cm. in diameter, covered with irregular longitudinal and transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338076 morphology EA147B0C-D301-4350-AC71-3C6D8AC534DF Seeds oblong, ± 6 × 4 mm., transversely ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871863-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Rhizome 8-12 mm. in diameter, short and much branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Leafy stems in clumps, to 2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Leaves broadly lanceolate, 20-45 × 5-14 cm., caudate-acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous except for the margins and midrib which bear dense appressed ascending hairs beneath; veins widely spaced, 5-7 per 5 mm. above, 13-19 per 5 mm. beneath; ligule coriaceous, rounded, up to 5 mm. long; leaf-sheaths sulcate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Inflorescence 25-50-flowered, arising from the base of the leafy shoots; peduncle 10-40 cm. long; bracts oblong, sheathing, papery to coriaceous, 3.5-5 × 2-2.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Calyx spathaceous, 1.5-2 cm. long, split for about 6 mm. on one side, sparsely appressed pubescent outside, densely so near the apex, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Petals whitish, the posterior ovate, ± 1.8 × 1 cm., the laterals oblong, ± 1.8 × 0.7 cm., creamy white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Labellum 3.5-4 cm. long, the free portion spathulate, ± 2 × 1.5 cm., creamy white with a large dull crimson patch at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Free filament 10-12 mm. long, ligulate, apex retuse; anther subterminal, ± 9 mm. long, almost completely dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Style filiform, with scattered straight appressed hairs; stigma trumpet-shaped, densely hairy. Stylodia forming a contorted mass around the style-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Fruit ovoid, ± 7 × 4-5 cm., thick-walled, with prominent longitudinal ridges, red when fresh. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338123 morphology F4B91F99-6FFF-4F9D-BA1F-6BFE1827C038 Seeds irregularly ellipsoid, 5 × 4 mm., dark brown, shiny, irregularly colliculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871903-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Rhizomes extensive, 4-6 mm. in diameter; scales chartaceous, red-brown, 3-4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Leafy shoots 2-4 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Leaves narrowly elliptic, 20-50 × 5-11 cm., acuminate, cuneate, glabrous; nerves 19-28 per 5 mm. below, well spaced above but obscured by abundant hypodermal sclerenchyma; ligule rounded, coriaceous, 3-6 mm. long; leaf-sheaths sulcate, with faint oval pits in the furrows, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Inflorescences 5-6-flowered, often much branched, arising at the base of the leafy shoots; peduncles erect or ascending, 2-6 cm. long (but see note below), the basal bracts broadly ovate, 1.5-2 cm. long, the uppermost ovate, up to 5 × 3.5 cm., glabrous, coriaceous with scarious margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Calyx spathaceous, 3.5-5 cm. long, split ± 1.5 cm. down one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Corolla yellow; posterior petal ovate, concave, acute, ± 3 × 1.5 cm.; laterals narrowly triangular, ± 2.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Labellum yellow, ±5.5 cm. long, the free portion obovate, decurved, ± 2.5 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Free filament ligulate, 2 cm. long; anthers subterminal, completely dehiscent, 1 cm. long; apex 3-lobed, the terminal lobe triangular, 2 mm. long, the laterals 3-4 mm. long, subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Style pubescent towards the apex; stigma trumpet-shaped, pubescent outside; ovary glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Fruit ovoid, ±4.5 cm. long and 2 cm. in diameter, grooved, crowned by the persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Seeds ellipsoid, 4× 2 mm., smooth, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338089 morphology 04256F4B-9026-42C1-ADB0-9F4B99764B42 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871874-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Rhizomes extensive, 5-15 mm. in diameter; scales coriaceous, red-brown, to 7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Leafy shoots 1.5-4m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Leaves oblong-elliptic, 30-55 × 6.5-12.5 cm., abruptly acuminate, base cuneate, slightly asymmetric, ± pubescent on the midrib beneath; nerves beneath (20-)24-29 per 5 mm., obscured above by hypodermal sclerenchyma; ligule coriaceous, rounded, 4-10 mm. long; sheaths sulcate with some pitting within the furrows, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Inflorescences 4-10-flowered, simple or branched, arising at the base of the leafy shoots; peduncles (10-)30-70 cm. long, erect; basal bracts broadly ovate, 2 × 1.5 cm.; uppermost bracts broadly ovate, 5 × 4 cm., concave, glabrous, emarginate and mucronate, coriaceous with scarious margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Calyx spathaceous, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, split 1.5-3 cm. down one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Petals red, the posterior broadly ellipsoid, concave, 3.2-4.4 × 1.6-2.2 cm., the laterals narrowly ovate 2-3.5 × 0.5-0.7 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Labellum ± 7.5 cm. long, the free portion 3.8-4.5 × 2.2-2.5 cm., spathulate, decurved, yellow or pale orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Free filament ligulate, 2.5-2.9 cm. long; anther 10-14 mm. long, completely dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the terminal lobe triangular, 2-3.5 mm. long, the lateral lobes subulate, 4-8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Style glabrous or slightly pilose; stigma trumpet-shaped, externally pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Fruits ovoid to subglobose, 3.2-3.7 cm. in diameter, 7-9.5 cm. long including the persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338040 morphology 9BAC3C98-F308-4E70-ACE7-8964D595D250 Seeds ovoid, 4-5 × 2-3 mm., smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871829-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Rhizome unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Leafy shoots 2-5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Leaves narrowly obovate, up to 50 × 9 cm., acuminate, base cordate-auriculate, often asymmetrical, glabrous, margin entire, scarious; nerves widely spaced, 9-11 per 5 mm. above and beneath; ligule rounded, coriaceous, glabrous, 1-2 mm. long; petiole very short or none; sheaths sulcate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Inflorescences arising from the base of a leafy shoot; peduncle 50-100 cm. tall, usually with 1-flowered distichously arranged subunits towards the apex, but sometimes bearing only a single terminal 1-2-flowered inflorescence; bracts oblong, chartaceous, glabrous, 7.5-8.5 × 2 cm., apex rounded, the uppermost bracts to 4.5 × 2.5 cm., broadly ovate, apex rounded, densely and minutely puberulous over the whole outer surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Calyx spathaceous, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, split for 2 cm. at one side, sparsely appressed pubescent towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Petals pale mauve, the posterior elliptical, 4-6 × 2-3 cm.; laterals narrowly oblong, 3.5-5 × 0.7-1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Labellum ± 8 cm. long, the free portion suborbicular, 4-6 cm. in diameter, pale mauve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Free filament ligulate, 15-20 mm. long; anther subterminal, 7-10 mm. long, the basal two-thirds dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe broadly triangular, 1-3 mm. long, the lateral lobes subulate, decurved, 3-6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Ovary glabrous; style filiform, sparsely appressed pubescent towards the apex and on the margins of the trumpet-shaped stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Fruit narrowly fusiform, 8-11 cm. long, 1.5 × 2 cm. in diameter, with the calyx persisting at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338079 morphology 352E7BB0-8806-4BFA-8E15-67C08D1BEDCD Seeds irregularly polyhedral, ± 2.5 × 2 mm., dark brown, striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871866-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Rhizome extensive, 5-8 mm. in diameter; scales papery, brown, very sparsely hairy, 6-8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Leafy shoots 1.5-2.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Leaves narrowly obovate to narrowly elliptic, 23-35 × 4-6.5 cm., acuminate, base asymmetrical, cuneate to rounded, glabrous above and beneath; petiole 0.5-1.5 cm. long, glabrous; nerves widely spaced, 5-10 per 5 mm. above, 14-26 per 5 mm. beneath; ligule membranous, delicate, bilobed, subglabrous with a marginal line of ascending hairs, up to 2.5 cm. long; sheaths sulcate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Inflorescence 4-6-flowered, arising from the base of the leafy shoot, spreading then abruptly ascending; peduncle 4-8 cm. long; lower bracts papery, up to 2.5 cm. long, with brown scarious margins fringed with white hairs near the apex, the upper bracts to 4.5 × 4 cm., papery, brown, with a brown scarious bilobed apical projection to 1.5 cm. long (the ligule of the bract). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Calyx spathaceous, ± 3.5 cm. long, bilobed at the pubescent apex, minutely puberulous over the whole outer surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Petals pale purple to pale pink, the posterior obovate, concave, 5 × 3 cm., the laterals narrowly triangular, 2.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Labellum ± 8.5 cm. long, the free portion suborbicular, ± 6 cm. in diameter, pale purple to pale pink, yellowish at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Free filament ligulate, ± 1.7 cm. long; anther subterminal, 10-11 mm. long, the basal 5-7 mm. dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe triangular, 2 mm. long, the lateral lobes narrowly triangular, ascending, up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Ovary glabrous; style filiform, pubescent towards the apex; stigma trumpet-shaped, densely pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338121 morphology FFBD7FB9-F445-4B8A-A187-CA66FD4595C5 Fruit and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871902-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Rhizome extensive, 2-5 mm. in diameter; scales membranous, brown, 2-4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Leafy shoots 70-100 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Leaves narrowly elliptic, 14-23 × 2.5-4 cm., caudate-acuminate, cuneate, glabrous except for very sparse minute white hairs and scattered brown hairs on the midrib beneath; margin entire, scarious; nerves widely spaced, 15-20(-24) per 5 mm. beneath, (5-)6-8 per 5 mm. above; ligule membranous, brown, up to 2.5 cm. long, with sparse appressed small white hairs and a ciliate margin; sheaths sulcate, with sparse white appressed hairs and scattered red-brown hairs, particularly near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Inflorescences (2-)3(-4)-flowered, arising singly or up to 3 together from the base of a leafy shoot, horizontal, then abruptly ascending; peduncle 3-8(-11) cm. long; bracts broadly obovate, papery, with darker thinner ciliate margins, the uppermost ones to 3 × 2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Calyx spathaceous, 3.5 cm. long, split ± 2 cm. down one side, glabrous except for sparse appressed white hairs at the tip on the outer surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Petals pale mauve, pink or white, the posterior elliptic, 4 × 2 cm., concave, obtuse, the laterals very narrowly lanceolate, ± 3.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Labellum 6-7 cm. long, the free portion broadly obovate, ± 3.7-4.5 × 3.5 cm., pale mauve, pink or white, with a yellow patch at its base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Free filament ligulate, ± 1.5 cm. long; anther subterminal, 8 mm. long, the basal 5-6 mm. dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe triangular, 1 mm. long, the lateral lobes subulate, up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Ovary glabrous; style filiform, with scattered straight appressed hairs on the upper part; stigma trumpet-shaped, with densely ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Fruit fusiform, ± 6-7 cm. long when dry, including a beak ± 1 cm. long, with the remnants of the calyx often persisting at the apex, red and smooth when fresh. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338096 morphology B1C8D29E-7A75-4497-9D4A-2371CB830329 Seeds ellipsoid, ± 4 × 2 mm., dark brownish grey, shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871879-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Rhizomes up to 1 cm. in diameter; scales not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Leafy shoots to 2.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Leaves narrowly oblong-elliptic to narrowly obovate, 24-40 × 5-8 cm., acuminate, base slightly asymmetric, cuneate, glabrous above except for the sparsely pubescent midrib, sparsely appressed pilose beneath on the lamina, and more densely so on the midrib; nerves closely spaced, 23-29 per 5 mm. below, 18-27 per 5 mm. above; ligule coriaceous, rounded, sometimes bilobed, 4-7 mm. long; leaf-sheaths reticulate, with a mixture of small prickle-like hairs and reddish glands in the hollows. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Inflorescences 3-5-flowered, arising from the base of the leafy shoot (or occasionally (Gillman 448) from the rhizome), ascending; peduncle usually unbranched, 2-10 cm. long; bracts broadly ovate, up to 3.5 × 3 cm., accrescent in fruit, glabrous except for the sparsely pilose apex and the ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Calyx 5 cm. long, spathaceous, split ± 2.5 cm. at one side, sparsely pilose near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Petals white, the posterior elliptic, ± 4.5 × 2.5 cm., concave, apex obtuse; laterals narrowly triangular, acute, ± 3.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Labellum ± 7 cm. long, the free portion broadly obovate, 4.5 × 4 cm., white with a yellow patch at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Free filament ligulate, ± 2 cm. long; anther subterminal, 10-12 mm. long, the basal 8-9 mm. dehiscent; the apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe triangular, 5 mm. long, the lateral lobes narrowly triangular, 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Style sparsely pubescent towards the apex; stigma trumpet-shaped, densely pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Fruit fusiform, ± 7 cm. long, smooth, with a short beak formed from the base of the calyx, and with the rest of the calyx persistent at the apex but not accrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338085 morphology AF7FF465-63CB-46C1-9144-6CE690838173 Seeds ellipsoid, 4 × 2 mm., shiny, dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871871-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Rhizomes 2-5 mm. in diameter, extensive. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Scales membranous, pale brown, not persistent, to 4.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Leafy shoots 2-5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Leaves narrowly obovate to elliptic, 25-33 × 5-6.5 cm., rather abruptly caudate-acuminate, base asymmetrical, cuneate, glabrous above, sparsely appressed pilose on the lamina beneath, margins and midrib beneath with dense rufous appressed ascending hairs; nerves widely spaced, 13-21 per 5 mm. beneath, 6-8 per 5 mm. above; petiole 4-6 mm. long, rufous hairy; ligule coriaceous, 3-5 mm. long, rounded, with minute hairs all over the outer surface, and spreading longer hairs on the margins; sheaths lightly reticulate with minute red-brown prickle-like hairs in the alveolae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Inflorescences 2(-3)-flowered, on the rhizomes, ascending, only the apices of the calyces and the petaloid parts emerging from the soil. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Peduncle 2-5 cm. long; bracts narrowly oblong, to 3.5 × 1 cm., papery, fugaceous, glabrous except for a small tuft of hairs at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Calyx tubular, 3-8 cm. long, split ± 1 cm. down one side, divided apically into 2-3 triangular teeth which bear a mixture of short appressed hairs and reddish glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Petals pale mauve or whitish, the posterior elliptic, obtuse, concave, ± 5 × 2.5 cm.; laterals narrowly oblong, obtuse, ± 5 × 1.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Labellum to 9.5 cm. long, the free portion suborbicular, ± 6 cm. in diameter, pale mauve or whitish with an orange-yellow patch at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Free filament ligulate, 2 cm. long; anther subterminal, ± 12 mm. long, the basal 7 mm. dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe triangular, retuse, 1 mm. long, the lateral lobes narrowly triangular, 4 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Ovary glabrous, with a solid cylindrical projection from the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Style filiform, glabrous; stigma trumpet-shaped with a marginal row of short straight hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Fruit subterranean, depressed-spherical, 3-lobed, ± 4 × 2.5 cm., with an apical projection ± 4 mm. long formed from the solid apex of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Seeds subspherical with one flattened side, shiny, blackish, 3.5-4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338038 morphology 4C354338-9D1B-46B7-A6E0-80FC7CBCDE3B Fig. 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871828-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Rhizomes 2-3 mm. in diameter, relatively short so that the leafy shoots form loose clumps; scales chartaceous, brown, 3-4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Leafy shoots 1-1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Leaves narrowly elliptic, 15-25 × 1.5-3 cm., caudate-acuminate, base cuneate, quite glabrous; nerves closely spaced, 29-35 per 5 mm. below, ± 23-28 per 5 mm. above but sometimes partly obscured by hypodermal sclerenchyma; ligule rounded, coriaceous, 1-2 mm. long; leaf-sheaths sulcate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Inflorescences from the base of the leafy shoot, 1-flowered; peduncle 2-4 cm. long, erect; bracts ovate, chartaceous, glabrous, up to 3.5 × 2.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Calyx spathaceous, glabrous, ± 4.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Petals pale mauve, the posterior elliptic, concave, ± 5 × 3 cm., the laterals narrowly triangular, ± 4.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Labellum ± 10 cm. long, the free portion broadly obovate, ± 6 × 5 cm., pale mauve with a yellow patch at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Free filament ± 2 cm. long; anther subterminal, 10-12 mm. long, the basal 6-7 mm. dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the terminal lobe expanded, rounded, to ± 8 × 7 mm., the lateral lobes narrowly triangular, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Ovary glabrous; style filiform, glabrous; stigma trumpet-shaped with ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Fruit ovoid, to 12.5 × 5.0 cm. including a tubular beak ± 5.5 cm. long formed from the persistent accrescent calyx, smooth, red when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338092 morphology 76B22D74-E7CF-42EF-B71F-401528B1CD44 Seeds irregularly obovoid, 4 ×3 mm., red-brown, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871877-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Rhizomes extensive, 4-6 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Leafy shoots 2-3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Leaves narrowly elliptic, 25-30 × 6-7 cm., acuminate, base rounded, glabrous; nerves widely spaced, 6-9 per 5 mm. above, 15-20 per 5 mm. beneath; ligule rounded, chartaceous, somewhat bilobed, 3-5 mm. long, with prominent anastomosing veins when dry, glabrous except for marginal small white spreading hairs; sheaths sulcate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Inflorescence 2-4-flowered, arising from the base of the leafy shoot or from the rhizome close to it; peduncles 5-30 cm. long, spreading horizontally at or below the soil surface, then abruptly ascending; bracts above ground broadly ovate, the uppermost to 3 × 2.5 cm., glabrous except for sparse ascending hairs on the thin margins near the apex, below ground fugaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Calyx spathaceous, ± 3 cm. long, split for 1 cm. down one side, sparsely pubescent near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Petals pale mauve, the posterior elliptic, concave, 3.5 × 1.8 cm., the laterals very narrowly triangular, 3.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Labellum 6-7 cm. long, the free portion suborbicular, ±3.5 cm. in diameter, pale mauve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Free filament ± 1.8 cm. long, ligulate; anther subterminal, 10 mm. long, the basal 5 mm. dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe triangular, 3 mm. long, the lateral lobes subulate, up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Ovary glabrous; style filiform, sparsely pubescent towards the apex; stigma trumpet-shaped, with a ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Fruit ovoid, up to 9 cm. long when ripe, including an apical tubular beak about 4 cm. long formed from the accrescent calyx, red and shiny and with 10-12 longitudinal ridges when fresh. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338122 morphology 38C573A6-BF82-4168-BD07-E5BA95A570B5 Seeds angular, 4-5 × 3-4 mm., verrucose, dark brown, dull. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903469-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Rhizomes, extensive, ± 8 mm. in diameter, buried at least 5 cm. deep in the soil; scales fugaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Leafy shoots to 1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Leaves lanceolate, up to 32 × 9 cm., acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous except for a row of minute tooth-like hairs arising from raised bases on the margin; nerves 23-33 per 5 mm. beneath, usually obscured by hypodermal sclerenchyma above. Ligule coriaceous, bifid, the halves unequal, rounded to acute, the longer half 3-10(-16) mm. long, bearing a mixture of simple appressed hairs and reddish glands which collapse and become blackish after long storage; leaf-sheaths sulcate, often reticulate towards the apex, with an indumentum like that of the ligule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Inflorescence 2-5-flowered, arising at the base of an old leafy shoot which is often represented only by its charred base; peduncle bracts broadly ovate, up to 3 × 2.5 cm., usually pubescent, at least near the apex, with a mixed indumentum like that of the ligule and leaf-sheath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Calyx spathaceous, 4-5 cm. long, split for 1.5 cm. down one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Petals pale mauve to almost white, the posterior oblong, concave, rounded, 4.5-6 × 2-3.5 cm.; laterals narrowly lanceolate, 4-6 × 0.7-1.4 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Labellum ± 8 cm. long, the free portion suborbicular, ± 6 cm. in diameter, pale mauve to almost white, with a yellow patch at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Free filament ± 2 cm. long, ligulate; anther 9-12 mm. long, the lower half dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe triangular with a bifid apex, 2.5 × 5 mm., lateral lobes subulate, to 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Style appressed pubescent; stigma trumpet-shaped, fringed with hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Fruit ovoid, up to 10 cm. long and 7 cm. in diameter, smooth, with a short beak composed mainly of the base of the calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Filaments attached at the base of corolla-lobes, erect and filiform below, upper part sometimes slightly thickened and inrolled at anthesis, with a small tooth in front of the anther; anthers linear, 4-thecous, truncate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Style filiform; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000036186 morphology 07A91D60-E08A-4D7F-81B7-DC31C898E97E Berry obovoid, not seen mature. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25337-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Small shrubs, with a single haustorial attachment; hairs short, simple, spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Leaves opposite to alternate, with lower nerves generally more ascending urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Umbels solitary in axils, pedunculate, many-flowered; bract saucer-shaped, with subulate to foliaceous limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Calyx rim-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Corolla 5-merous, hairy, opening down one side; buds slightly curved, with ellipsoid apical swelling; tube green, short, with internal projections from infold at sinuses between lobes or flaps halfway down; lobes red, sometimes grey outside on upper part, separate below, framing vents of mature bud, coherent above, free at tips, inrolled at anthesis urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Filaments attached to corolla-lobes, filiform below, thickened above, inrolled; anthers 4-thecous, with small connective-appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Style filiform; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000026765 morphology 4917F839-9B47-42AD-AB20-F2EE924CDC64 Berry red, obovoid, with persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25293-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Shrubs 0.5–2 m., with a single haustorial attachment, glabrous or shortly hairy; hairs simple or slightly branched, spreading, with an understorey of minute irregular trichomes, often giving a scurfy appearance urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Leaves opposite or subopposite, the lowermost on flowering branchlets sometimes intergrading with bud-scales, sessile to generally petiolate; lamina sometimes coriaceous, but characteristically thin, sometimes flushed coppery brown, penninerved, but generally 1–several lower nerves more ascending urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Flowers in pedunculate umbels, 2–20, often standing up like candles from horizontal branches; bract unilaterally developed from a generally shallow cupular base, not or scarcely exceeding the calyx, often slightly gibbous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Calyx annular or cup-shaped, sometimes lacerate or irregularly 4-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Corolla 4-lobed, joined for one-fifth to two-thirds, red, yellow, orange or pink and white, often darker on bud-swellings. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Buds generally 4-angular, with vents marked by bosses, often with a slight to distinctly flask-shaped basal swelling, generally at least slightly swollen over the anthers, apiculate, obtuse, truncate or 4-bossed at the tip; lobes erect, reflexed or revolute, linear to distinctly spathulate above, sometimes hardened and shiny on the inner face of the dilated part, sometimes widened at the base around vents; tube split unilaterally, the V-slit extending halfway to almost the base, often papillate inside, at least along the sutures urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Stamens attached at or near the base of corolla-lobes, the adnate part sometimes swollen or continued as a marked ridge down the corolla-tube, the free part tapered upwards, involute or inflexed at anthesis, produced into a tooth in front of the anther; anthers 4-thecous, with the connective slightly produced, minutely bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Style filiform, 4-angular; stigma obovoid to globular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000013449 morphology 0670FA4F-DFC9-4956-AAE0-AEA9119A7C15 Berry urceolate to obovoid, with persistent calyx, generally red; seed, where known, orange or yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25209-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Shrubs, mostly 0.5–2 m. from a single haustorial connection, rarely with subcortical runners; twigs terete to slightly compressed or angular; hairs, if present, simple or irregularly branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Leaves alternate to opposite, sometimes crowded on short shoots, shortly petiolate; lateral nerves spreading-ascending to strongly ascending from the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Flowers borne in sessile to pedunculate heads or umbels, clustered or rarely singly in the axils, sometimes terminal on short shoots; bract shallowly to distinctly cupular, with a small to leafy limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Calyx saucer-shaped to tubular, entire to slightly toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Corolla 5-lobed, the lobes relatively short, occasionally ( A. platyphyllus ) longer than the tube, generally conspicuously banded in different colours; mature buds developing vents below the tip (bud-apex swollen or not) and opening with a short V-split; basal swelling present or absent; lobes linear-lanceolate to linear-elliptic above the claw, generally remaining erect, sometimes shiny and hardened inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Filaments inserted near top of corolla-tube or on claw if lobes exceptionally long, short, inflexed or rarely inrolled, sometimes corrugated, sometimes hardened at tip, with or without a ledge or tooth in front of the anther; anthers 4-thecous, linear, with connective not or only slightly produced at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Style isodiametric or swollen opposite the filaments and constricted above (skittle-shaped); stigma small, capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000000931 morphology 7FFBD63D-EAA7-4D61-A73D-80A68F25B2DE Berry ellipsoid to obovoid, smooth to warty, usually ripening red. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25142-1 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Shrubs, mostly 0.5–2 m. from a single haustorial connection; twigs slightly compressed at first, soon terete, glabrous to puberulous or velvety with small simple hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Leaves mostly opposite, sessile to petiolate; lateral nerves spreading, usually some of the lower ones more strongly ascending urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Flowers 2–16 in umbels, 5-merous; umbels in axils or clustered at older nodes, shortly pedunculate, perulate; bracts saucer-shaped to cupular with a small triangular limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Calyx saucer-shaped to cupular or occasionally shortly tubular, almost entire, sometimes split by the expanding corolla urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Corolla-tube much longer than the lobes, opening with a V-split, usually pink to purplish, sometimes spotted white; bud-head greenish to white, darkening at maturity, commonly angled, ribbed, winged or appendaged; basal swelling well formed; lobes attenuate to spathulate, reflexed or elsewhere sometimes erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Filaments inserted near top of corolla-tube, short, linear, inflexed to inrolled; tooth distinct, 0.5–1 mm. long; anthers 4-thecous, short, (1.2–)2–3.5 mm. long, with a broad connective slightly produced at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Style swollen opposite the filaments, constricted above; stigma small, obovoid to capitate, 0.4–1 mm. across urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000037563 morphology 1040EA29-2A1B-4DFA-B442-F82D09BE8511 Berry oblong-ellipsoid to globose, often somewhat urceolate to the persistent calyx, smooth to papillose, usually ripening red. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1108603-2 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Stems mostly 0.5–2(–4) m. long, generally from a single attachment, but sometimes scandent with numerous secondary haustoria, hairless but sometimes with papillae on youngest parts and umbels urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Leaves opposite, subopposite or ternate, penninerved but second–fourth(–fifth) main lateral nerves often closer, stronger and more ascending urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Flowers 2–20 in umbels (often with 1–2 aborted flowers on the peduncle), 5-merous; bracts at the base of peduncle and pedicels small, triangular; flower bract obliquely cupular, with a short triangular or bifid limb, sometimes gibbous or spurred urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Calyx cupular or flared, subentire, 0.3–2 mm. long, normally ciliolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Corolla pink or red, sometimes white to green on upper or lower part, the apical swelling often darkening as bud ripens, 2–4.5 cm. long, with pronounced apical (sometimes winged) and basal swellings, splitting unilaterally more than halfway, the lobes coiled outwards urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Stamens involute; anthers emarginate, with a distinct connective, and the outer pair of thecae shorter and sometimes set lower urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Style skittle-shaped above; stigma turbinate to peltate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000015757 morphology 613907FF-3E0F-4AD2-8A0E-5B5225B3D2D9 Berry red to yellow, depressed-globose to ellipsoid; seed also brightly coloured, similar to Tapinanthus . urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25222-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Shrubs, rarely exceeding 1 m. in height, with haustoria bearing surface runners; hairs stellate and dendritic, sometimes with other simple ones; twigs terete to angular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Leaves alternate to opposite, petiolate; lateral nerves pinnate, principally 3–5 from the base, or obscure urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Flowers axillary or terminal on short shoots in umbels or clusters, sometimes sessile, occasionally solitary; bract single, unilateral or cupular, entire or toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Corolla 4–5-merous, often hairy, opening spontaneously or usually explosively, zygomorphic, with a V-split on one side, generally yellow or red and green; buds often curved, somewhat inflated medially, often narrowed below the slightly ellipsoid to clavate head, sometimes developing vents below the head, often with a gland on one side; lobes shorter than tube, erect (in Africa) or reflexed, linear to spathulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Stamens attached near the base of the corolla-lobes, erect; filaments short, straight; anthers 4-thecous, sometimes locellate, with a very small connective-appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Style slender, terete to angular; stigma small urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000037632 morphology CB0A222B-23F3-41A0-99DC-19365AFC3CDB Berry usually reddish, ovoid, ellipsoid or obovoid, smooth or verruculose, with a persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25353-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Medium-sized to large shrubs to 1.5 m. or so, spreading by stout haustoria-bearing surface runners; hairs stellate and dendritic; twigs terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Leaves alternate to opposite, sometimes fascicled, petiolate, penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Flowers 2–6 in sessile to shortly stalked umbels in the axils and crowded at older nodes; bract unilateral, lanceolate to ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Calyx annular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Corolla (4–)5-merous, green turning reddish, tomentose, bilaterally symmetrical, developing only a short V-slit; buds straight, with ellipsoid to obovoid head, induplicate; lobes short, erect, somewhat incurved at the tip, spathulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Stamens attached at the base of corolla-lobes, short, essentially erect, but curving inward to form a central, collective anther-mass; anthers 4-thecous, with minute connective appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Style terete, tapered, pubescent on lower half; stigma obovoid to globular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000040026 morphology F7456046-51DB-43F6-AA1C-E7ADDB68E3FB Berry red, ellipsoid to cylindrical, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25371-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Shrubs to 2 m. or more from a single haustorial attachment; hairs stellate and dendritic; twigs slightly compressed to angular, soon terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Leaves mostly opposite or subopposite, rarely clustered, shortly petiolate, penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Flowers in racemes or spikes from axils and older nodes, few–many-flowered; bract small, unilateral urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Calyx saucer-shaped to tubular, entire to shortly toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Corolla joined up to halfway, 5-lobed, radially symmetrical to slightly zygomorphic, yellow to red without any marked colour-banding, puberulous to hirsute, weakly explosive at anthesis; buds opening first by vents below the middle, only slightly expanded over the anthers; tube with a slight to marked basal swelling, only rarely with a short V-slit at anthesis; lobes usually erect, often partly cohering at tips, some or all sometimes spreading to slightly reflexed from near point of filament-insertion, occasionally coiled and tending to break off urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Filaments attached 6–10 mm. above the base of corolla-lobes, slender, the upper part slightly thickened, ± articulate, the upper part coiling, collapsing and breaking off to various degrees; anthers basifixed, 4-thecous; connective-appendage minute to subulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Style filiform; stigma ovoid to fusiform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026637 morphology F7281B16-0C50-4AA0-8A0D-BC21D9F21DA7 Berry, where known, blue-green, ovoid-ellipsoid to obovoid; seed orange to red. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25292-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Small well-branched shrubs from a single haustorial attachment; hairs stellate and dendritic; twigs slightly compressed to angular, soon terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Leaves opposite or subopposite, shortly petiolate, penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Flowers in racemes; bract small, unilateral urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Calyx short, entire to shortly toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Corolla joined halfway, 5-lobed, radially symmetrical, orange to pink or red, with a dark glandular patch at the base of each lobe, stellate-pubescent, weakly explosive at anthesis; tube with a basal swelling; bud-tip fusiform to obovoid; lobes usually erect, often partly cohering at tips, some or all sometimes spreading to slightly reflexed from near the point of filament-insertion, occasionally coiled and tending to break off urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Filaments attached a little less than halfway up the corolla-lobes, slender in lower persistent part, jointed and slightly thickened above, the upper part coiling, collapsing and breaking off to various degrees; anthers basifixed, 4-thecous; if the thecae short (less than 2 mm.) then unequal, the dorsal ones shorter; connective-appendage minute to subulate or expanded and ± bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Style filiform; stigma ovoid to obovoid or fusiform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000026833 morphology E49C8A91-AC38-48BB-988F-7701A0834928 Berry white to red (sometimes turning black), ellipsoid, with persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25294-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Shrubs mostly 1–2 m. from a single haustorial attachment; hairs stellate and dendritic, longer ones on flowers subsimple; twigs terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Leaves opposite, subopposite or partly alternate, sometimes clustered on short shoots, penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Flowers generally few, sessile in heads, elsewhere sometimes shortly racemose or spicate; peduncles axillary, clustered at older nodes or terminal short shoots bearing (1–)2 pairs of leaves; bract unilateral, ovate to subcircular, concave, sometimes with a leafy limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Receptacle generally long-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Calyx cupular to tubular, subentire to shortly toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Corolla usually joined less than halfway, 5-lobed, radially symmetrical, mostly yellow to green, flushed orange on tube, silky villous or at least with stellate and some long subsimple hairs on buds; tube constricted above a basal swelling, glabrous or hairy inside; lobes spreading-reflexed from below the middle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Filaments attached well above the lobe-base, the upper thickened and flattened part breaking off with anthers when flower is opened; anthers 4-thecous, with a small bifid or hammer-shaped apical connective-appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Style filiform; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000013764 morphology D92F4346-E9E0-49E8-9103-1656F2E2A834 Berry orange, reddish or blue-green, with persistent calyx urceolate; seed orange to red. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25212-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Shrubs, often large and pendent, with a single haustorial attachment; branchlets slightly compressed; youngest parts, at least, always with scales, stellate and verticillately branched dendritic hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Leaves opposite, subopposite or rarely ternate, generally petiolate, usually somewhat coriaceous, penninerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Flowers in sessile to shortly pedunculate umbels or 2–several in the axils; bract unilateral, often gibbous, sometimes enlarged and foliaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Calyx annular to shortly tubular, generally shorter than receptacle, subentire to shortly lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Corolla 5-lobed, with tube longer than lobes, usually yellow or orange with red markings or more generally reddish, but colours often muted by indumentum; apical swelling of bud fusiform to globular, sometimes ribbed or narrowly winged; basal swelling variably developed; tube split unilaterally, the V-slit extending little more or less than halfway, papillate along sutures and edges of filament-lines to varying degrees; lobes erect or reflexed, narrow below, the upper part expanded to varying degrees and often hardened inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Stamens attached near the base of the lobes, linear, inrolled at anthesis, sometimes with a tooth in front of the anther; anther oblong to linear-oblong, with 4 thecae transversely divided into several–many chambers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Style slender, 5-angled or narrowly 5-winged, often expanded opposite the filaments and narrowed opposite anthers, sometimes papillate or hairy; stigma globular to obovoid or conical-ovoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000029327 morphology F5B206D9-6248-4470-81C4-C1638AC853AF Berry reddish or often blue to blue-green, ellipsoid or obovoid, generally with persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25311-1 wfo-4000012332 morphology 61C19217-00FA-48F0-9314-947F3AEE27AA Small evergreen trees or shrubs, sometimes ericoid, with simple or compound leaves, sometimes with conspicuous glandular varnish urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329433-2 wfo-4000012332 morphology 61C19217-00FA-48F0-9314-947F3AEE27AA Flowers regular, bisexual or unisexual, individual plants bearing one or more types of flower; sepals 3–4(–7), valvate or imbricate, free (in Africa) or coherent at the base, deciduous or persistent; petals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329433-2 wfo-4000012332 morphology 61C19217-00FA-48F0-9314-947F3AEE27AA Stamens 5–8(–10), inserted into the outer surface of the circular disk; filaments glabrous, much shorter than the anthers; anthers oblong, sagittate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329433-2 wfo-4000012332 morphology 61C19217-00FA-48F0-9314-947F3AEE27AA Ovary rounded or lobed, 2–4(–6)-locular, each locule with 2 ovules; style as long as to much longer than the ovary; ovary rudiment in the male flower minute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329433-2 wfo-4000012332 morphology 61C19217-00FA-48F0-9314-947F3AEE27AA Fruit a papery capsule, often winged, dehiscent by splitting along 2–3 central septa urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329433-2 wfo-4000012332 morphology 61C19217-00FA-48F0-9314-947F3AEE27AA Seeds 1(–2) per valve, black, globose or lenticular, without an aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329433-2 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Elegant trees; twigs glabrous, dark grey, warty urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Leaves simple or 1–many-times pinnate, usually including a terminal leaflet; petiole and rhachis winged or not; leaflets with wax dots, glossy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Inflorescences axillary, narrowly paniculate, each containing both male and female flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Sepals 5, free. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Petals minute, without claw or scales urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Disk circular, densely shaggy-white-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Stamens 5; anthers dorsifixed, sagittate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Ovary globose; ovary-rudiment in male flower absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Fruit a 1-seeded drupe, purple, glabrous and shining urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000014751 morphology 7B42619D-B9C1-448B-8EF5-DDE7F168AD3C Seed without aril; cotyledons contorted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5137-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Deciduous dioecious trees or sometimes shrubs, flowering generally before the leaves emerge urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Leaves pinnate; leaflets 3–7 pairs, sometimes staggered on the rhachis to give the appearance of a terminal leaflet, the terminal and upper leaflets equal to or longer than the lower, entire or crenate, with simple hairs or glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Inflorescences terminal or in the axils of young or undeveloped leaves, with sessile or stalked dense clusters of shortly pedicelled flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Sepals (3–)4–5, joined in the lower part, herbaceous, hairy outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Petals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Disk complete, flat or cup-shaped, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Stamens 4–5; filaments glabrous, in bud bent through two zigzags; anthers basifixed, spherical in outline, the connective elliptic, as wide as the anther-sacs; staminodes lacking anthers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Ovary 2-locular; style with 3 stigmatic lobes; ovules 2 per locule, suspended from the upper part of the axis urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Fruit a reddish drupe with one cavity and one seed by abortion urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000041141 morphology 9FA3AD37-AE42-4787-A291-F3083905FAFC Aril absent; testa of seed with stomata. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5187-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Monoecious tall trees with greyish bark; twigs, leaves and inflorescences initially densely fasciculate-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Leaves with 4–11 pairs of leaflets; rhachis 4-angled, with lines of simple hairs on the angles; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, slightly asymmetric, entire, glabrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, flowers subtended by herbaceous bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Flowers regular; sepals 5, free, concave, herbaceous, externally hairy; petals 4, caducous, without claw or scale; disk a complete circle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Stamens 7–8(–10); filaments folded in bud, glabrous; anthers sagittate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Ovary 3-lobed, 3-locular with 2 ovules in each locule; style long, hairy, with a glabrous channelled tip urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Fruit a dehiscent trigonous capsule, opening to reveal 3 bright pink valves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000022907 morphology B5B2A9A5-FD73-4B0F-8599-32DDE4E639E2 Seeds 1–2 per valve, ovoid, without aril, softly velvety, blue-black; cotyledons spirally arranged. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36476-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Small to medium-sized, monoecious trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Leaves with 2–7(–11) pairs of entire coriaceous leaflets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Flowers regular; sepals 5, nearly free, densely pubescent; petals 5, clawed, with a small to equally large bilobed scale, shaggy-hairy in the lower half; disk glabrous, lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Scapes very slender, numerous, radiating to form a dome-shaped mound, 1–12 cm. high, 0.2–0.3 mm. in diameter, 3–4-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, scarious, obliquely slit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Capitulum hemispherical to dome-shaped, echinate, 2.5–4 mm. diameter, scarious, whitish to grey, the upper bracts often darker grey; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum and radiating across its base, lanceolate with sharply acuminate tips, pale; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate, acuminate-aristate, flushed pale grey; receptacle columnar, glabrous to villous; flowers trimerous, pallid or flushed pale grey, 0.8–1.0 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Male flowers: calyx spathate, the sepals free or ± connate, the tips acuminate; petals tiny, glandular; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Female flowers: sepals equal, linear-lanceolate, concave, acuminate, the margins glabrous or with a few short hairs; petals linear, tipped with a rudimentary gland. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000414734 morphology 5738DC30-DE9F-4927-95EB-E9CF73CB8061 Seeds elliptic, 0.3 mm. long, brown, glossy, faintly reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335855-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Rosulate perennial from a short rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Leaves linear, 5–8 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, many-nerved, spongy, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Scapes 5–15, flexuous, 10–35 cm. high, 5–6-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves, straight-sided, obliquely slit, the limb acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Capitulum subglobose, slightly wider than long, 5.5–7 mm. diameter, black andwhite, the white-hairy petal tips intermingling with the darker bracts, sometimes viviparous; involucral bracts small, straw-coloured or flushed grey, cartilaginous, oblong, 1.7–2.0 mm. long, rounded, glabrous, reflexed at maturity; floral bracts narrowly cuneate or oblanceolate, grey, white-pilose towards the acute tip; receptacle villous; flowers trimerous, 2.1–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Male flowers: sepals blackish, oblong, keeled, unequally connate below into an infundibular spathe, the tips broadly rounded, white-pilose; petals shortly exserted from the calyx, slightly unequal, white-pilose at the tips, the longest 0.7–1.0 mm. long; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Female flowers wedge-shaped, strongly trigonous: sepals navicular, blackish, two 1.5–2.0×0.8–1.0 mm., the third narrower, all strongly keeled, deeply concave and gibbous, keel with a spongy wing, white-pilose around the tip, margins villous along the inside with tubercle-based hyaline hairs; petals and ovary sessile; petals narrowly oblanceolate, shortly exceeding the sepals, slightly unequal, white-pilose at the tips, hairy on the inner blade with hairs similar to those along the sepal-margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000414780 morphology 276F611C-E1A8-4747-84DA-41F133BF4811 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.7 mm. long, yellow or brown with close-set transverse lines of white papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335870-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Rosulate herb, sometimes developing a short branching rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Leaves in a dense tuft, linear-subulate to lanceolate, 2.0–5.5 cm. long, 2–3(–5) mm. wide, outwardly curving, spongy, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Scapes up to 25, slender, 7–35 cm. high, 5–6(–7)-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves, loose, obliquely slit, the scarious limb splitting into 2–3 lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Capitulum dirty white, 4–5 mm. diameter, initially globose with a flat base, becoming slightly elongated and dome-shaped with intruded base at maturity; involucral bracts shorter than the capitulum width, 1.5–1.8 mm. long, obovate-oblong, rounded, light brown, coriaceous at base becoming scarious and greyish upwards; floral bracts broadly spathulate, cuspidate, incurving, scarious, pale grey-brown, thinly white-pilose on the widest part; receptacle columnar, villous; flowers 1.3–1.8 mm. long, trimerous, pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Male flowers: sepals partially connate into an infundibular spathe, the laterals concave, the median flat, grey, tips obtuse and white-pilose; petals subequal, glandular and white-pilose, the largest 0.5–0.7 mm. long, shortly exserted from the calyx; anthers brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Female flowers: sepals subequal, grey, deeply concave, lightly keeled, narrowly winged or at least spongily thickened on the centre keel, white-pilose with short stout hairs on back and margins towards the tip, margins usually pilose inside with longer hyaline hairs, lateral sepals 1.0–1.3 mm. long, the median slightly narrower, tip subacute; petals subequal, linear-oblanceolate, glandular, white-pilose at the tips, pilose on the inner blade with longer hyaline hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000411431 morphology E7EA2802-6A3A-42CC-BB64-C43A67F10841 Seeds elliptic, 0.5 mm. long, brown, transversely white-papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335391-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Rosulate annual or short-lived perennial, sometimes forming colonies. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Leaves broadly linear to ensiform, 2–10 cm. long, 2–6.5 mm. wide, flat, thin, fenestrate, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Scapes up to 30, usually strict, 8–35 cm. high, 0.5–1.0 mm. in diameter, 5-ribbed; sheaths a little shorter than the leaves, obliquely slit, the limb obtuse or splitting into 3–4 dry brownish teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Capitulum globose, shiny black, greyish white or infrequently brownish grey, (3–)5–9 mm. wide; involucral bracts as wide as or shorter than the capitulum width, scarious, usually paler than the rest of the capitulum, sometimes yellowish, 1.6–2.2×1.0–1.6 mm., oblong to obovate, obtuse, glabrous, reflexed at maturity; floral bracts spathulate to angular-oblanceolate, 1.8–2.3×0.6–1.0 mm., dark grey, acute, acuminate or cuspidate, varying from ± glabrous to pilose with short spaced white hairs on the upper back; receptacle villous; flowers trimerous, 1.5–2.0 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Male flowers: sepals black, connate into an infundibular spathe deeply split on one side, lobes free at the tips, glabrous or thinly white-hairy above, the upper margin often denticulate; petals reduced, included within the calyx, glands small or absent; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Female flowers: sepals subequal, dark grey, variable, navicular, narrowly lanceolate-falcate to ovate, winged on the centre keel or at least slightly thickened there, narrowed to the base, acute to sharply acuminate, glabrous or thinly white-pilose upwards, two 1.2–1.6×0.2–0.8 mm., the third narrower and often not keeled, 1.0–1.5×0.2–0.6 mm.; petals unequal, linear with dark tips, glabrous or white-pilose at the tip, infrequently some longer hyaline hairs (up to 0.8 mm.) also on the upper blade, glands vestigial or absent, one petal 1.5–2.5×0.2–0.4 mm., the other two 1.3–1.8×0.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000414339 morphology 4DB39CCF-76F5-4CDF-902C-1A94AE4A7B4F Seeds ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 mm. long, yellowish brown or infrequently reddish brown with transverse lines of minute white papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335811-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Slender rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Leaves broadly linear, 1.5–3.5 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, fenestrate, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Scapes up to ± 15, 6–17 cm. high, much taller than the small basal rosette of leaves, 4–5-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Capitulum depressed-globose, 4–5 mm. diameter, brownish grey to dark grey with a slight sheen, glabrous, the bracts loose and untidy, the flowers visible between; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, yellowish grey, scarious, 2.0 mm. long, narrowly obovate, obtuse and sometimes minutely denticulate, reflexing at maturity; floral bracts resembling the involucral but narrower, cuneate-oblanceolate, shallowly incurving, obtuse and minutely denticulate, the inner acute; receptacle villous; flowers trimerous, 1.5–1.7 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Male flowers: sepals connate into a thinly scarious, grey spathe with free tips, the spathe wide open, only the margins inturned, tips truncate-denticulate; petals very small, included within the calyx, eglandular; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Female flowers: sepals oblong with truncate-denticulate tips, laterals lightly keeled, the median similar but slightly narrower; all petals longer than the sepals, narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, eglandular, the median emarginate, laterals bidentate; ovary sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000413738 morphology 08C76953-1385-4883-9CCC-DA5A6C4731F1 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.4 mm. long, brown with white-papillose reticulations. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994707-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Slender rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Leaves delicate, narrowly subulate to filiform, extended into a long setaceous tip, 1.5–4.5 cm. long, 0.3–0.6 mm. wide, yellowish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Scapes 2–6, slightly flexuous, 7–13 cm. high, 4–5-ribbed; sheaths inflated, usually a littleshorter than the leaves, the mouth deeply slit, with acute limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Capitulum hemispherical, 3–5 mm. diameter, pale buff with the bracts sometimes edged in black or occasionally mostly blackish; involucral bracts crateriform in 2–3 series, obovate with broadly rounded tip, 1.6–2.3 mm. long, cartilaginous; floral bracts oblong-cuneate, scarious, glabrous or with a few inconspicuous papillae on the back, tip broadly rounded with a central apiculum, upper margin denticulate; receptacle pilose; flowers trimerous, 1.3–2.0 mm. long, subsessile, pale or the perianth parts with dark tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Male flowers: sepals ligulate, unequally and variably connate, the lateral lightly keeled, ± glabrous (sometimes a few inconspicuous papillae on the keel), tips emarginate-denticulate; petals rudimentary at the summit of a stipe which equals the calyx, glabrous and eglandular; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Female flowers: sepals resembling the male, two lateral falcate, spongy with large cells on the upper keel or sometimes broadened into a slight wing, keel sometimes with a few inconspicuous papillae, third sepal slightly smaller, straight; petals unequal, spongy, eglandular, ± glabrous (a few minute papillae on the upper margins), two narrowly lanceolate-oblong, emarginate, the median larger, lanceolate, 1.3–2.2 mm. long, bidentate; ovary raised on a stipe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000414149 morphology BDCA9298-B326-4DDA-AA22-CEFC8A2C1D22 Seeds plumply ellipsoid, 0.4 mm. long, reddish brown, closely transversely white-papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335765-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Rosulate herb, probably a short-lived perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, up to 7 cm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, thin, fenestrate, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Scapes up to 25, very slender, flexuous, 7–35 cm. high, sharply 4–5-ribbed; sheaths ± equalling the leaves, deeply obliquely slit with long acute limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Capitulum 4–6 mm. diameter, subglobose to slightly dome-shaped, greyish with mealy white pubescence or sometimes dark grey, the involucral bracts yellowish, floral bracts neatly imbricate, the flowers hidden except for the largest female petal at maturity; involucral bracts broadly oblong to lanceolate-oblong with rounded tips, firm, often thinly mealy-pubescent, slightly smaller than the capitulum width and adpressed to it in several series; floral bracts narrowly cuneate-spathulate, scarious, uniformly grey or with pallid tips, incurved, white-pilose on the widest part, sharply acute; receptacle villous; flowers trimerous, shortly pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Male flowers 1.6–2 mm. long: sepals partially connate into a thin scarious spathe open on one side or sometimes almost free, oblong, the laterals concave, all white-pilose towards the obliquely truncate tips; petals included within the calyx, eglandular, white-pilose, the median 0.5–0.75 mm. long; anthers blackish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Female flowers 2–2.5 mm. long: sepals subequal, grey, narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse, thinly white-pilose towards the tips, the lateral two falcate, very lightly keeled, the median almost flat; petals raised on a short stipe, unequal, spongy, eglandular, white-ciliate on the upper margins, white-hairy also on both sides of the blade especially on the larger median petal, this longer than the sepals, elliptic with narrow base, 2–2.2 mm. long, the laterals smaller, narrowly oblanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000408770 morphology CC507F80-532A-46CB-AD8D-7EEC9EFED0C7 Seeds subglobose, ± 5 mm. long, reticulate (reticulations finally white). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335068-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Rosulate herb from an abbreviated rootstock, probably a short-lived perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 2–8 cm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, light green, fenestrate, tapering to a hardened obtuse tip, often with a pore on the upper surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Scapes 1–12, slender, up to 35 cm. high and much exceeding the basal leaf rosette, 6–7-ribbed; sheaths equalling or a little longer than the leaves, loose, slightly inflated towards the oblique mouth, the limb with a scarious acute tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Capitulum depressed-globose, 5–7 mm. diameter, creamy-white sometimes with a grey tinge, the white-hairy flowers visible among the pallid bracts; involucral bracts in several series subequalling the capitulum width, pale straw-coloured, thinly cartilaginous, 2.0–2.6 mm. long, obovate-oblong, rounded becoming lacerate, slightly downturned but not strongly reflexing at maturity; floral bracts resembling the involucral in colour and texture, angular-oblanceolate to spathulate, the outer acute, the inner cuspidate and thinly white-pilose on the back; receptacle pilose; flowers trimerous, 1.5–2.4 mm. long, pallid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Male flowers: sepals free or connate only at the base, the two lateral keeled, ovate-oblong, densely white-pilose towards the rounded tips, median sepal narrower and ± flat; petals small, white-pilose with small glands, longest petal ± 0.8 mm. long; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Female flowers: sepals very unequal, two oblong-navicular, the keel broadly winged in the lower half, the wing abruptly ending at the midpoint, sometimes in a tooth, white-pilose above the wing to the obtuse tip, median sepal linear, unwinged; petals linear-oblong, subequal, white-pilose on the inner face and some hairs also on the outer face, eglandular or one or more petals with a small gland. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000410036 morphology A88C1130-5E44-491B-913A-B4A3AF778FD9 Seeds broadly elliptic, 0.5 mm. long, brown with white-fringed transverse lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:990290-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Leaves narrowly linear to linear-subulate, up to 10 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, thin, fenestrate, tapering to an acuminate, sometimes setaceously extended tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Scapes up to 20, 6–28 cm. high, 5–7-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, loose, obliquely slit with an obtuse, often splitting limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Capitulum globose, 4–6 mm. diameter, when young the blackish floral disc is surrounded by spreading pale involucral bracts, maturing grey and buff, the white-pilose flowers visible among the bracts; involucral bracts obovate to rotund with rounded tip, 1.8–2.1 mm. long, pale straw or greyish tinged, firmly scarious, reflexing at maturity; floral bracts narrowly cuneate or oblanceolate, grey-buff or blackish, glabrous or the inner thinly white-pilose, acute to shortly acuminate; receptacle pilose; flowers trimerous, 1.5–2.0 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Male flowers: sepals oblong, the lateral keeled, almost free or connate below the middle into a spathe, tips obtuse, white-pilose or glabrous; petals small, subequal, eglandular, white-pilose; stamens usually 3, rarely up to 6 (see note), epipetalous, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Female flowers: sepals usually very unequal, the two lateral navicular, narrowed to the base, a fleshy wing on the centre keel, grey-buff or sepal-body grey with paler wing, wing-width variable, when broad the margin often toothed, white-pilose on the back above the wing or sometimes almost glabrous, tip acute to shortly acuminate; median sepal shorter, linear-oblanceolate or rarely only slightly smaller than the laterals, the tip sparsely white-pilose; petals subsessile, narrowly linear, eglandular, the tips white-pilose, the median a little larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000408920 morphology 1295CE96-FC33-4E05-9552-20B741C0C6F3 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.4 mm. long, brown with rows of white papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981399-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Slender tufted annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Leaves in a small basal rosette, pale bronzy green, much shorter than the scapes, broadly linear, 1–4.5 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, spongy, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Scapes up to 50 or more in an erect bunch, slender, flexuous, 6–20 cm. high, 4–5-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves, crowded together, the limb scarious, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Capitulum globose to slightly ovoid, greyish brown or blackish, 3.5–5.5 mm. diameter, hard, glossy, completely glabrous, floral bracts loosely imbricate, the flowers scarcely visible among them; involucral bracts small, shorter than the capitulum width, light brown, firm, obovate-oblong, the tips rounded and incurved, reflexed at maturity; floral bracts angular-spathulate, ± flat, grey, glabrous, acute; receptacle villous; flowers trimerous, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Male flowers: calyx spathate, thin, brownish grey, the free lobes subtruncate; petals very small, unequal, eglandular, the longest exserted from the calyx, 0.5 mm. long with a few small white papillae at the tip; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Female flowers: sepals very unequal, the two lateral deeply concave, frequently obtriangular, the keel gibbous with a broad spongy wing, narrowed to the base, tip acute, a few hyaline hairs often present inside, otherwise glabrous, third sepal linear to narrowly oblong; petals slightly unequal,narrowly oblanceolate-oblong or the two smaller linear, eglandular or the two smaller with small glands or sometimes emarginate, greyish, the longest exserted from the calyx and often tipped with a few small white papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.35 mm. long, light brown to reddish brown, with conspicuous transverse rows of white hair-like papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409531 morphology A7761895-DD77-4FD0-A629-BA273C1ED257 Fig. 3/1–3; fig. 4/5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335157-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Delicate tufted annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Leaves few in a basal rosette, linear, 2–3.5 cm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Scapes 1–5, 7–18 cm. high, erect in a narrow bunch, very slender and slightly flexuous; sheaths equalling the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Capitulum globose, 3–5 mm. diameter, grey, hard, glabrous, slightly glossy; involucral bracts small, straw-coloured, obovate-oblong, rounded, 1.4–1.5 mm. long, tough, reflexing at maturity; floral bracts oblanceolate, flat, incurving, acute to cuspidate, numerous, the flowers visible between; receptacle villous; flowers 1.2–1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Male flowers: sepals flushed dark grey, connate into an infundibular spathe with free, rounded, erose tips, glabrous, the laterals lightly keeled; petals small, included within the calyx, glabrous, the laterals with a rudimentary gland; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Female flowers: sepals dimorphic, grey, the laterals deeply concave, the keel gibbous with a broad spongy wing, narrowed to the base, tip subacute, glabrous or a few long hyaline hairs near the base inside, median sepal linear to oblanceolate, unwinged; petals slightly unequal, narrowly oblanceolate-oblong, laterals glandular, the median eglandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000409572 morphology 1C868866-5A08-41DF-860E-5C3C827222B0 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.3 mm. long, brown, glossy, faintly white-reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:992357-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Small annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Leaves filiform, up to 1 cm. long, 0.1–0.3 mm. wide, spongy, finely acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Scapes ± 10, 3.5–5 cm. high, 4-ribbed; sheaths almost equalling the leaves, loose, subinflated upwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Capitulum depressed-globose, 2.5 mm. diameter, fuscous with slightly paler involucral bracts, the white-papillose petal-tips visible; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, crateriform, suborbicular, scarious, concave, rounded with crenulate upper margin; floral bracts obovate, obtuse to rounded with crenulate upper margin; receptacle shortly pilose; flowers trimerous, 1.0–1.2 mm. long, flushed grey upwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Male flowers: sepals narrowly oblong, the two lateral falcate, keeled, median flat, unequally connate into a spathe or almost free, tips denticulate; petals small, glabrous, eglandular; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Female flowers: sepals very unequal, two laterals oblong-falcate, keeled, a spongy wing on the keel ± as wide as the sepal-body, tip acute, upper sepal-margins and upper wing-margin denticulate, a few white papillae below the tip; median sepal shorter, narrowly oblong, not winged, the tip denticulate; petals unequal, linear-oblong, eglandular, the tips entire, white-papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000412153 morphology 7C5C6FD3-202B-45FD-8FDA-F2EC8D03AD78 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.35 mm. long, brown, minutely punctate-papillose in transverse striae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994710-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Small rosulate annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Leaves linear, 0.5–1.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, minutely papillose, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Scapes up to ± 20, straight, 3–12 cm. high, 4-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves and similarly papillose, loose, the mouth 2–3-fid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Capitulum globose to slightly dome-shaped, 3–4 mm. diameter, brown-grey, floral bracts loose with the darker flowers visible between; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, pinkish brown with paler margins, scarious, obovate with rounded tips, reflexed at maturity; floral bracts resembling the involucral bracts in colour and texture, oblanceolate to spathulate, glabrous, subacute; receptacle cylindrical, villous; flowers trimerous, 1.0–1.5 mm. long, stipitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Male flowers infundibular: calyx spathate with a truncate-erose margin, glabrous; petals included within the calyx, tiny, glabrous and eglandular; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Female flowers obtriangular: sepals very unequal, two deeply navicular, the keel gibbous with a pale, thick, spongy wing surrounding a thinner blackish central patch, margins flaring outwards with a few hyaline hairs inside, median sepal reduced, linear, sometimes as long as the other two but usually much shorter, sometimes vestigial; petals linear-oblanceolate, glabrous and eglandular, the median slightly larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000411900 morphology 131E3F07-EE4D-4348-92BF-EEA12B4DE9E6 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.35 mm. long, reddish brown with a white reticulate patterning, glossy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Slender tufted annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Leaves narrowly linear, up to 3 cm. long and 1 mm. wide, 3-nerved, fenestrate, tapering to a filiform tip, soon dying back. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Scapes 4–6, stiffly erect, 6–9 cm. high, 0.5 mm. diameter, 4-ribbed; sheaths loose, ± equalling the leaves, obliquely slit, the limb hyaline, entire, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Capitula subglobose, slightly longer than wide, 2.5–3 mm. diameter, grey with the darker flowers visible between the bracts; involucral bracts broadly obovate, subequalling the capitulum width, concave, the tip rounded, cuneate below, up to 1.3 mm. long and wide, straw-coloured; floral bracts obovate, lightly concave, tip rounded, cuneate below, ± 1.3×0.8 mm., glabrous, straw-coloured above; receptacle columnar, shortly pilose, the hairs 0.3 mm. long, flowers trimerous, ± 1 mm. long, pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Male flowers: sepals connate into a hyaline spathe; petals included, tiny; anthers black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Female flowers obtriangular: sepals two, deeply concave, the keel gibbous with a broad, pale wing surrounding a thinner blackish central patch, ± 1.1×0.8 mm., the third sepal vestigial, a tiny tooth; petals unequal, glabrous and eglandular, the tips blackish, lateral petals oblanceolate-oblong, ± 0.8 mm., the third oblanceolate, ± 1.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000414168 morphology 40B35F5D-6CFE-4776-94E9-661A05F22253 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.4 mm. long, with conspicuous transverse rows of white hair-like projections. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335770-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Robust tussocky perennial from a short or elongating rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Leaves clustered at the rhizome tip, 12–50 cm. long, (5–)10–15 mm. wide, scattered-pilose or glabrescent, rarely hirsute with patent hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Scapes tough, 30–60 cm. high; sheaths usually pilose, the limb tomentellous within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Capitulum creamy-white, flat-topped with a campanulate involucre, 10–15 mm. diameter; involucral bracts coriaceous with thinner margins, straw-coloured with greenish tips, patchily appressed-sericeous, outermost 3.0–3.6 mm. long, broadly ovate, rounded, innermost extending shortly beyond the floral disc, oblong, obtuse or subacute, white-hairy on the inner face; floral bracts capillary with a white-pilose subulate tip; receptacular hairs dark grey; flowers 2.2–2.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Male flowers: sepals free, pallid, broadly oblong, tips truncate and white-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Female flowers: sepals pallid, half as long to subequalling the petals, ovate-oblong, truncate-denticulate, glabrous or the tips white-ciliate in a central tuft; petals free near the base, central connate portion villous with long grey hairs outside and within, tips densely pilose with short white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000471555 morphology 5B0A58AA-3984-414A-B146-2E12BD94E5B7 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335972-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Small tussocky perennial, the leaf-rosettes conspicuously woolly in the centre, growing in clusters from a branching rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Leaves numerous, acicular, 1–3 cm. long, 0.4–0.8 mm. wide, thinly appressed-pilose to subglabrous, the narrowly obtuse tips often curving inwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Scapes several to many, flowering in succession, up to 25(–30) cm. high, 3-ribbed, pilose with patent glandular hairs especially immediately below the capitulum, some appressed pointed hairs also present; sheaths glandular-hairy, loose, the mouth inflated with open spathe-like limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Capitulum golden or dark brown, 5–6 mm. diameter, the bracts and sepals concolorous with the white petal-tubes visible between; outer involucral bracts oblong, obtuse, 1.5–1.8×0.8–1.0 mm., the inner progressively longer and narrowly elliptic-oblong, glabrous, innermost 2.0–2.5 mm. long, subacute, ciliate on the margins; receptacle villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Flowers 1.5 mm. long, brown; sepals of the female flowers lanceolate, margins pectinate-ciliate, usually glabrous on the back or a few hairs on the median sepal, tips subacute, often minutely denticulate; male sepals variably connate, sometimes almost free, subacute-denticulate, pilose at the base of the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Seeds uniformly brown at first, becoming white-striate when wetted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000567113 morphology E367C6D1-EB32-47C9-B238-2F408EE0DBD8 Fig. 6/8–9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336859-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Tufted perennial from a short rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Leaves narrowly linear, loosely erect or curving outwards, 1.5–7 cm. long, 0.6–1.7 mm. wide, pilose on both surfaces especially when young, glabrescent, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Scapes up to ± 8, 20–45 cm. high, 3-ribbed, pilose with pointed hairs, densely so below the capitulum, appressed-pilose between the ribs lower down, glandular hairs absent or sparse; sheaths equalling or longer than the leaves, softly pilose to subglabrous, the limb scarcely inflated, rather stiffly erect, tapering to an acute tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Capitulum 7–9.5 mm. diameter, ivory-white to cream-coloured with a brown base and brown inside towards the centre; involucral bracts mostly shorter than the capitulum width, the longest reaching the periphery, brown near the scape, pallid around the periphery, subacute to acute, the outermost narrowly ovate, 2.0–2.3 mm. long, glabrous, the inner narrowly elliptic-oblong, 3.0–3.7 mm. long, innermost shortly ciliate on the margins; receptacle villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Flowers 2.0–2.5 mm. long; female sepals pallid, narrowly oblong, ciliate on themargins and back with fine caducous hairs, obtuse or acute; male sepals connate and dark brown below the middle, the free lobes pallid, obtuse-denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. long, white-striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000563468 morphology BCB0227E-0721-4C8C-99FF-435A19C47BE8 Fig. 6/1–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336665-1 wfo-0000565810 morphology 44BB665F-15FE-41B9-8BE2-DF575D2BE574 Slender annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960366-1 wfo-0000565810 morphology 44BB665F-15FE-41B9-8BE2-DF575D2BE574 Leaves many in a dense basal rosette, linear to subulate, 0.5–2.0 cm. long, 0.5–1.0 mm. wide, pilose with glandular and pointed hairs, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960366-1 wfo-0000565810 morphology 44BB665F-15FE-41B9-8BE2-DF575D2BE574 Scapes up to ± 20 but often much fewer, 8–25 cm. high, 3-ribbed, pilose with patent glandular hairs intermixed with appressed pointed hairs; sheaths equalling or more often longer than the leaves, conspicuously glandular-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960366-1 wfo-0000565810 morphology 44BB665F-15FE-41B9-8BE2-DF575D2BE574 Capitulum hemispherical to subglobose, 5–6 mm. diameter, shiny creamy-white or slightly yellowish; involucral bracts pale yellowish to light golden-brown, the outermost ovate-oblong and subacute, 1.4–1.7×0.6–0.8 mm., grading to oblong, the longest equalling the flowers, 2.3–2.8×0.7–0.9 mm., mostly glabrous, the innermost ciliate on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960366-1 wfo-0000565810 morphology 44BB665F-15FE-41B9-8BE2-DF575D2BE574 Flowers 1.4–1.7 mm. long; female sepals lanceolate, acute, pectinate-ciliate along the margins, usually thinly hairy also on the centre of the back, occasionally the back glabrous; male sepals similar, acute, the basal connate portion light gold, the free lobes pallid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960366-1 wfo-0000565810 morphology 44BB665F-15FE-41B9-8BE2-DF575D2BE574 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.35–0.4 mm. long, white-striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960366-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Small herb, with age developing an unbranched wiry stem clothed in old leaves and fibrous roots, the new leaves forming a loose rosette at the stem tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Leaves linear to lanceolate, 2–3 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, spongy, scattered-pilose to glabrescent,the tip hardened, subacute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Scapes many in a terminal tuft, 2–7 cm. high, 3-ribbed; sheaths shorter than the leaves, loose with an acute limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Capitulum 3–4 mm. diameter, subglobose with intruded base at maturity, grey, densely villous, the immature central flowers completely obscured by white hairs; involucral bracts lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong, 1.0–1.2 mm. long, firmly membranous, brownish grey with a paler central stripe, villous with coarse spreading hairs from the margins and back, acute; floral bracts angular-obovate, dark grey with paler central stripe, coarsely villous above the middle; flowers trimerous, 0.8–1.0 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Male flowers: sepals oblong-spathulate, concave, dark grey with paler central stripe, densely pilose at the subacute tips; petal-tube borne on a stipe; vestigial gynoecium represented by 3 elongate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Female flowers: sepals resembling the male at first; petals hyaline, equalling the sepals, narrowly oblong-spathulate, scattered-pilose; at maturity the sepals hardening, recurving and raising the petals and ovary to the capitulum surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000849383 morphology 410FE536-0C6B-4F6A-8700-C0C88030369C Caespitose perennial 10–30 cm. high; culms and leaf-sheaths glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389786-1 wfo-0000849383 morphology 410FE536-0C6B-4F6A-8700-C0C88030369C Leaf-blades convolute-setaceous, 8–25 cm. long, up to 2.5 mm. wide when flattened, rigid, scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389786-1 wfo-0000849383 morphology 410FE536-0C6B-4F6A-8700-C0C88030369C Panicle ovate, 10–30 cm. long, effuse or slightly contracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389786-1 wfo-0000849383 morphology 410FE536-0C6B-4F6A-8700-C0C88030369C Spikelets yellowish or brownish; glumes unequal, acuminate, the lower lanceolate and 8–12 mm. long, the upper linear and 13–18 mm. long; lemma terete, 6–8 mm. long, scabrid above, passing directly into a twisted column 7–10 mm. long without articulation; callus 1.5 mm. long, linear, pungent; awns subequal, 25–40 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389786-1 wfo-0000848996 morphology B25F3AE0-2C6D-4EED-A2C3-FB6FDBD74CFF Densely caespitose perennial 60–90 cm. high, the culms woolly tomentose for some distance below the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389552-1 wfo-0000848996 morphology B25F3AE0-2C6D-4EED-A2C3-FB6FDBD74CFF Leaf-blades flat, curly, up to 20 cm. long and 3 mm. wide; sheaths glabrous to villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389552-1 wfo-0000848996 morphology B25F3AE0-2C6D-4EED-A2C3-FB6FDBD74CFF Panicle 5–15 cm. long, narrow, ± interrupted, the spikelets clustered about the short primary branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389552-1 wfo-0000848996 morphology B25F3AE0-2C6D-4EED-A2C3-FB6FDBD74CFF Spikelets enclosed by narrowly lanceolate subequal glumes, the lower sometimes a little longer than the upper; lower glume 4–8 mm. long, scaberulous, with or without an awn-point up to 2.5 mm. long; upper glume 5–8 mm. long, glabrous, minutely 2-toothed, with or without a mucro up to 1 mm. long; lemma terete, 5–6.5 mm. long, scaberulous; callus oblong, 0.3 mm. long, truncate, bearded along the sides; awn with a slightly twisted column (0.5–)1.5–2.5(–5.5) mm. long, not articulated, the central limb 8–17 mm. long, the laterals 7–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389552-1 wfo-0000849401 morphology 6D06623A-0989-44E4-B72C-A2836A58A6E5 Densely caespitose perennial, 60–120 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389799-1 wfo-0000849401 morphology 6D06623A-0989-44E4-B72C-A2836A58A6E5 Leaf-blades 20–60 cm. long, convolute, up to 4 mm. wide when flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389799-1 wfo-0000849401 morphology 6D06623A-0989-44E4-B72C-A2836A58A6E5 Panicle contracted or spike-like, 25–30 cm. long and 1–2 cm. wide, sometimes interrupted below; branches usually glabrous in their axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389799-1 wfo-0000849401 morphology 6D06623A-0989-44E4-B72C-A2836A58A6E5 Spikelets enclosed by the glumes; glumes subequal, 10–19 mm. long, the lower usually the longer, minutely bidentate and mucronate or with an awn-point up to 2 mm. long; lemma subterete, 10–13 mm. long, smooth or obscurely scaberulous on the mid-nerve, passing into the awn without an articulation; callus 1 mm. long, broadly linear, narrowly obtuse at the tip; awn with or without a slightly twisted column up to 4 mm. long, the branches subequal, 2–3 cm. long, rigid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389799-1 wfo-0000848471 morphology 22B921A4-5805-461C-B6D7-AE22567E6871 Densely caespitose perennial, 25–60(–120) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389215-1 wfo-0000848471 morphology 22B921A4-5805-461C-B6D7-AE22567E6871 Leaf-blades 5–25 mm. long, involute, up to 3 mm. wide when flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389215-1 wfo-0000848471 morphology 22B921A4-5805-461C-B6D7-AE22567E6871 Panicle spike-like, 5–20 cm. long and about 1 cm. wide, sometimes interrupted below; branches usually hairy in their axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389215-1 wfo-0000848471 morphology 22B921A4-5805-461C-B6D7-AE22567E6871 Spikelets enclosed by the glumes; glumes sub-equal, narrowly lanceolate, 8–12 mm. long, the lower a little longer or a little shorter than the upper, acuminate or tapering to an awn-point up to 2 mm. long; lemma subterete, 6–8 mm. long, scaberulous on the keel and sometimes also on the flanks in the upper half, passing directly into the awns without articulation; callus 0.8 mm. long, broadly linear, narrowly obtuse at the tip; awns subequal, 15–22 mm. long, rigid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389215-1 wfo-0000848945 morphology ED8FF43D-12C2-4F93-B9B1-B58D44D74D26 Densely caespitose perennial 20–60 cm. high, with thick spongy roots and a tendency to form short rhizomes; culms glabrous, ± compressed below the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389519-1 wfo-0000848945 morphology ED8FF43D-12C2-4F93-B9B1-B58D44D74D26 Leaf-blades involute, up to 30 cm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, glabrous to pubescent above or sometimes hirsute around the collar, the lower sometimes relaxing, flattening and curling with age, not forming a dense fibrous tuft. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389519-1 wfo-0000848945 morphology ED8FF43D-12C2-4F93-B9B1-B58D44D74D26 Panicle 5–20 cm. long, narrow, ± interrupted, the spikelets clustered about the short primary branches whose axils are glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389519-1 wfo-0000848945 morphology ED8FF43D-12C2-4F93-B9B1-B58D44D74D26 Spikelets enclosed by narrowly lanceolate, often purplish, glumes; lower glume 4–7 mm. long, two-thirds as long as the upper (rarely almost as long), scaberulous, with or without an awn-point up to 2 mm. long; upper glume 6–9 mm. long, glabrous, minutely bidentate, with or without a mucro up to 2 mm. long; lemma terete, 5–6 mm. long, scaberulous; callus oblong, 0.3–0.5 mm. long, broadly obtuse, bearded along the sides; awn with (rarely without) a slightly twisted column 1–3(–6) mm. long, not articulated, the central limb 8–23 mm. long, the laterals 7–17 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389519-1 wfo-0000849298 morphology A10169A6-8B5F-4855-BD6E-623E1F1164FE Caespitose perennial, with the persistent basal leaf-sheaths breaking up into fibres and forming a dense tuft at the base of the culms; roots wiry; culms erect, 10–30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389723-1 wfo-0000849298 morphology A10169A6-8B5F-4855-BD6E-623E1F1164FE Leaf-blades mostly basal, 5–20 cm. long, setaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389723-1 wfo-0000849298 morphology A10169A6-8B5F-4855-BD6E-623E1F1164FE Panicle ovate-lanceolate, 3–8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389723-1 wfo-0000849298 morphology A10169A6-8B5F-4855-BD6E-623E1F1164FE Spikelets brownish-purple to deep purple; glumes unequal, narrowing to a short awn-point, glabrous or scabrid on the keels, the lower 2.5–6 mm. long, the upper 5–7.5 mm. long; lemma terete, 4–5 mm. long, broadest below, narrowing above into a scaberulous beak 0.5 mm. long without articulation; callus obtuse, 0.3 mm. long; awns subequal, 6–8 mm. long, loosely spirally contorted at the base, scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389723-1 wfo-0000848741 morphology E5B260A0-34CD-4464-BBAF-011880BCE0AD Slender tufted annual 15–30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389371-1 wfo-0000848741 morphology E5B260A0-34CD-4464-BBAF-011880BCE0AD Leaf-blades narrow, cauline, 2–7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389371-1 wfo-0000848741 morphology E5B260A0-34CD-4464-BBAF-011880BCE0AD Panicle 4–10 cm. long, delicate and loose or somewhat contracted, with capillary branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389371-1 wfo-0000848741 morphology E5B260A0-34CD-4464-BBAF-011880BCE0AD Spikelets 2.5–3 mm. long, the glumes tinged with red, glabrous, shortly mucronate; lower glume lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm. long, scabrid on the keel; upper glume narrowly lanceolate, as long as the spikelet; lemma 1.5–1.7 mm. long, scaberulous; callus very short, broadly obtuse; awn unbranched, 7–10 mm. long, without articulation, gracefully recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389371-1 wfo-0000849307 morphology 625F5E24-D6CE-4F8D-BF89-61F2C942B5A0 Coarse tufted annual 20–60 cm. high; culm-internodes scabrid; nodes minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389729-1 wfo-0000849307 morphology 625F5E24-D6CE-4F8D-BF89-61F2C942B5A0 Leaf-blades flat, up to 20 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, harshly scabrid, bearded at the collar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389729-1 wfo-0000849307 morphology 625F5E24-D6CE-4F8D-BF89-61F2C942B5A0 Panicle 8–30 cm. long, usually narrow and interrupted, sometimes effuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389729-1 wfo-0000849307 morphology 625F5E24-D6CE-4F8D-BF89-61F2C942B5A0 Spikelets coarse; glumes broad, papery, flushed with red, 1-nerved, scaberulous to smooth; lower glume 6–17 mm. long, distinctly longer than the upper, tapering to a short awn-point; upper glume 5–15 mm. long, bidentate and mucronate; lemma subterete, 7–13 mm. long, shorter than the glumes, coarsely scabrid with lines of barbs from base to apex or rarely almost smooth, keeled on the back, deeply grooved ventrally with inrolled margins, passing directly into the awns without articulation; callus 1 mm. long, obtuse, bearded; awns 15–30 mm. long, rigid, scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389729-1 wfo-0000849335 morphology 1E5BCD3D-025E-4504-B37C-241886206803 Erect annual, 15–50 cm. high or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389751-1 wfo-0000849335 morphology 1E5BCD3D-025E-4504-B37C-241886206803 Leaf-blades linear, 3–30 cm. long and up to 3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389751-1 wfo-0000849335 morphology 1E5BCD3D-025E-4504-B37C-241886206803 Panicle ovate, 7–30 cm. long, open, divaricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389751-1 wfo-0000849335 morphology 1E5BCD3D-025E-4504-B37C-241886206803 Spikelets purple or purplish-brown; glumes linear-lanceolate, subequal or unequal, distinctly awned (awn up to 2.5 mm. long), puberulous or at least with a scabrid keel; lower glume shorter than the upper, 3.5–6 mm. long; upper glume strongly bidentate, 5–8 mm. long; lemma subterete, 5–7 mm. long, shorter than the glumes, coarsely scabrid in the upper part or at least on the keel, passing into the awn without column or articulation; callus linear, 0.5 mm. long, narrowly obtuse at the tip; awns 1–2 cm. long, scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389751-1 wfo-0000848473 morphology 68452673-3C3E-444D-9EB6-0BE3173A0768 Annual, forming erect or sprawling tufts 10–100 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319759-2 wfo-0000848473 morphology 68452673-3C3E-444D-9EB6-0BE3173A0768 Leaf-blades linear, up to 20 cm. long and 3 mm. wide, expanded or folded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319759-2 wfo-0000848473 morphology 68452673-3C3E-444D-9EB6-0BE3173A0768 Panicle up to 30 cm. long, occasionally lax, usually ± contracted about the main branches, sometimes narrow and dense. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319759-2 wfo-0000848473 morphology 68452673-3C3E-444D-9EB6-0BE3173A0768 Spikelets pallid, green or tinged with purple; glumes unequal, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, scaberulous on the keel, emarginate and mucronate or acute but never awned, the upper 5–10 mm. long, the lower 1–3 mm. shorter; lemma 5–13 mm. long, sometimes no longer than the glumes but usually exceeding the upper by 1–2 mm. or more, laterally compressed, convolute, scabrid on the keel or sometimes generally scaberulous on the upper part, passing into the awns without constriction or articulation; callus narrowly oblong, 0.5 mm. long, obtuse; central awn 7–25 mm. long, the laterals subequal or occasionally conspicuously shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319759-2 wfo-0000848952 morphology 07BF92BB-C820-4607-81E1-5253809D1435 Annual; culms erect or geniculately ascending, 15–90 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389523-1 wfo-0000848952 morphology 07BF92BB-C820-4607-81E1-5253809D1435 Leaf-blades linear, up to 15 cm. long, expanded or folded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389523-1 wfo-0000848952 morphology 07BF92BB-C820-4607-81E1-5253809D1435 Panicle 5–20 cm. long, open, the primary branches naked in their lower half, bearing the spikelets in spike-like clusters at their tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389523-1 wfo-0000848952 morphology 07BF92BB-C820-4607-81E1-5253809D1435 Spikelets purplish; glumes subequal, linear-lanceolate, 5–8 mm. long, scabrid on the keel, acute at the tip; lemma as long as, or up to 1 mm. longer than the glumes, laterally compressed, convolute, scaberulous on the upper half, passing into the awns without a constriction or articulation; callus narrowly oblong, 0.2 mm. long, obtuse; awns subequal, 6–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389523-1 wfo-0000848952 morphology 07BF92BB-C820-4607-81E1-5253809D1435 Fig. 47, p. 149. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389523-1 wfo-0000848905 morphology 93540BAF-889F-4E88-8AB6-F843E600C7DD Erect annual 10–90 cm. high; culm-internodes pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389491-1 wfo-0000848905 morphology 93540BAF-889F-4E88-8AB6-F843E600C7DD Leaf-blades 5–20 cm. long and up to 5 mm. wide, flat or folded, keeled, scabrid, abruptly narrowed at the tip; sheaths compressed and keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389491-1 wfo-0000848905 morphology 93540BAF-889F-4E88-8AB6-F843E600C7DD Panicle spike-like, linear-oblong to subovate, typically 5–15 cm. long, dense and bushy or ± interrupted at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389491-1 wfo-0000848905 morphology 93540BAF-889F-4E88-8AB6-F843E600C7DD Spikelets green or purple; glumes lanceolate, scaberulous on the keel, glabrous or hispidulous on the flanks, the lower 5–8 mm. long with an awn 2.5–5 mm. long, the upper 6–9 mm. long with an awn 1–4 mm. long; lemma terete, 5–7 mm. long, scabrid with lines of hooked prickles, furrowed ventrally, articulated at the apex; callus narrowly oblong, 0.5–0.8 mm. long, obtuse; awns without a column, subequal, 2.5–3.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389491-1 wfo-0000848905 morphology 93540BAF-889F-4E88-8AB6-F843E600C7DD Fig. 48. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389491-1 wfo-0000848826 morphology 73A9A6AE-0A6C-4C2F-BBFA-7410C2169E80 Tufted annual with wiry culms 15–30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389437-1 wfo-0000848826 morphology 73A9A6AE-0A6C-4C2F-BBFA-7410C2169E80 Leaf-blades flat or folded, 4–10 cm. long and up to 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389437-1 wfo-0000848826 morphology 73A9A6AE-0A6C-4C2F-BBFA-7410C2169E80 Panicle linear, up to 10 cm. long, few-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389437-1 wfo-0000848826 morphology 73A9A6AE-0A6C-4C2F-BBFA-7410C2169E80 Spikelets green tinged with brown; glumes linear, membranous, the lower 20–30 mm. long, the upper 3–6 mm. shorter, both finely attenuate; lemma cylindrical, 4 mm. long, scabrid above, articulated at the apex; callus 2 mm. long, conical, pungent; column (2–)3–4.5 cm. long, the base as wide as the summit of the lemma, straight for a short distance, thereafter strongly twisted; awn-branches subequal, 3.5–4.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389437-1 wfo-0000849528 morphology 9DE7F6C9-2A64-4A1E-89F1-2B14F35C1093 Densely caespitose perennial; culms 40–120 cm. high, the internodes, or at least the lower, pubescent to woolly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389878-1 wfo-0000849528 morphology 9DE7F6C9-2A64-4A1E-89F1-2B14F35C1093 Leaf-blades linear, up to 40 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, expanded or rolled, with a flake of wool at the auricles; lower sheaths woolly or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389878-1 wfo-0000849528 morphology 9DE7F6C9-2A64-4A1E-89F1-2B14F35C1093 Panicle pyramidal, effuse, up to 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389878-1 wfo-0000849528 morphology 9DE7F6C9-2A64-4A1E-89F1-2B14F35C1093 Spikelets light brown or pallid; glumes unequal; lower glume lanceolate, 4.5–7 mm. long, obtuse; upper glume narrowly lanceolate, 9–13 mm. long; lemma terete, 7–11 mm. long, glabrous, often purple mottled, articulated at the apex; callus 1 mm. long, broadly linear, 2-toothed or emarginate; column 2–7 mm. long; central awn 2–3.5 cm. long, the laterals a little shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389878-1 wfo-0000849056 morphology 40ED0AB7-43D6-4D51-8401-427D15C0F320 Densely caespitose perennial; culms 1–2 m. high, the internodes glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389592-1 wfo-0000849056 morphology 40ED0AB7-43D6-4D51-8401-427D15C0F320 Leaf-blades narrow, involute, up to 50 cm. long and 5 mm. wide, with a flake of wool at the auricles; sheaths glabrous or sometimes woolly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389592-1 wfo-0000849056 morphology 40ED0AB7-43D6-4D51-8401-427D15C0F320 Panicle large, effuse, up to 80 cm. long, lax and often nodding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389592-1 wfo-0000849056 morphology 40ED0AB7-43D6-4D51-8401-427D15C0F320 Spikelets light brown or purplish; glumes unequal; lower glume lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long; upper glume linear-lanceolate, 10–15 mm. long; lemma terete, 7–9 mm. long, glabrous, mottled with purple, articulated at the apex; callus 1–2 mm. long, broadly linear, 2-toothed or emarginate at the tip; column 5–15(–18) mm. long; awns subequal, up to 5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389592-1 wfo-0000849420 morphology 8FE3D166-0328-4885-AB3F-1DBD419044B1 Loosely tufted annual; culms 90–150 cm. high, the internodes glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389806-1 wfo-0000849420 morphology 8FE3D166-0328-4885-AB3F-1DBD419044B1 Leaf-blades up to 30 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, often involute, with a flake of wool at the auricles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389806-1 wfo-0000849420 morphology 8FE3D166-0328-4885-AB3F-1DBD419044B1 Panicle effuse, up to 50 cm. long, lax, often nodding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389806-1 wfo-0000849420 morphology 8FE3D166-0328-4885-AB3F-1DBD419044B1 Spikelets pallid or purplish; glumes unequal, obtuse or at most mucronate; lower glume lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long; upper glume linear-lanceolate, 14–20 mm. long; lemma terete, 7–9 mm. long, glabrous, articulated at the apex; callus 1.5–2 mm. long, broadly linear, 2-toothed; column 1.5–3 cm. long; central awn 3.5–6 cm. long, the laterals a little shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389806-1 wfo-0000849069 morphology C4AE80DF-FEDB-48B8-8415-E8D775963239 Caespitose perennial; culms 60–90 cm. high, the internodes pubescent to woolly tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389604-1 wfo-0000849069 morphology C4AE80DF-FEDB-48B8-8415-E8D775963239 Leaf-blades linear to filiform, up to 30 cm. long and 3 mm. wide, with a flake of wool at the auricles; sheaths woolly to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389604-1 wfo-0000849069 morphology C4AE80DF-FEDB-48B8-8415-E8D775963239 Panicle narrow, very dense and spike-like, up to 20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389604-1 wfo-0000849069 morphology C4AE80DF-FEDB-48B8-8415-E8D775963239 Glumes unequal, the lower 7–10 mm. long, the upper 12–20 mm., both irregularly 2-toothed and drawn out into an awn up to 5 mm. long; lemma narrowly lanceolate, 8–10 mm. long, glabrous, articulated at the apex; callus pungent, 2–2.5 mm. long; column of awns 12–27 mm. long, the limbs subequal and 2.8–5.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389604-1 wfo-0000849376 morphology FF5D9BD1-ED5F-47B5-AA5F-FD3AE385915A Loosely tufted perennial; culms 30–100 cm. high, often robust and up to 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389780-1 wfo-0000849376 morphology FF5D9BD1-ED5F-47B5-AA5F-FD3AE385915A Leaf-blades involute, 5–30 cm. long and up to 2 mm. wide when flattened, glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389780-1 wfo-0000849376 morphology FF5D9BD1-ED5F-47B5-AA5F-FD3AE385915A Panicle linear to lanceolate, loosely contracted, 8–25 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389780-1 wfo-0000849376 morphology FF5D9BD1-ED5F-47B5-AA5F-FD3AE385915A Spikelets straw-coloured or suffused with purple, the glumes unequal with or without a few long hairs; lower glume lanceolate, 8–15 mm. long, acuminate to an awn (1–)2–5 mm. long; upper glume linear, 15–20 mm. long, acuminate to an awn (1–)3–9 mm. long; lemma terete, (7–)9–12 mm. long (including callus), smooth, articulated at the apex; callus obliquely pungent, 2 mm. long, pubescent, bearded towards the top; column of awns 10–30 mm. long; central limb 3.5–8 cm. long, the laterals a little shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389780-1 wfo-0000848887 morphology D312D9F8-EA67-4661-90F6-6C179E761544 Tufted perennial; culms 30–40 cm. high or sometimes more, much branched at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389475-1 wfo-0000848887 morphology D312D9F8-EA67-4661-90F6-6C179E761544 Leaf-blades flat or convolute, 5–20 cm. long and up to 2 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389475-1 wfo-0000848887 morphology D312D9F8-EA67-4661-90F6-6C179E761544 Panicle 8–15 cm. long, usually ovate and loose, sometimes linear and contracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389475-1 wfo-0000848887 morphology D312D9F8-EA67-4661-90F6-6C179E761544 Spikelets straw-coloured with unequal glumes; lower glume lanceolate, 4–5(–6) mm. long, obtusely bilobed with hyaline lobes 0.5 mm. long, sometimes emarginate or rarely obtuse, with a mucro 1–1.5 mm. long; upper glume linear, 10–12 mm. long, bidentate with slender hyaline teeth 0.5–1 mm. long, and a mucro 1–2 mm. long from the sinus; lemma terete, 4–6 mm. long (including callus), scabrid above, articulated at the apex; callus obliquely pungent, 1 mm. long; column of awns 8–15 mm. long; central limb 3.5–5 cm. long, the laterals a little shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389475-1 wfo-0000848682 morphology A6DBE999-BB90-48D3-B028-FACC84FADF1A Densely tufted perennial; culms 10–75 cm. high, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389336-1 wfo-0000848682 morphology A6DBE999-BB90-48D3-B028-FACC84FADF1A Leaf-blades linear, 2–20 cm. long, folded or convolute; sheaths compressed, glabrous, the lower strongly keeled, the auricles bearded or not. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389336-1 wfo-0000848682 morphology A6DBE999-BB90-48D3-B028-FACC84FADF1A Panicle dense, bushy, spike-like, 3–20 cm. long, occasionally with 1 or 2 subspicate peduncled branches at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389336-1 wfo-0000848682 morphology A6DBE999-BB90-48D3-B028-FACC84FADF1A Spikelets tinged with grey or purple; glumes unequal, lanceolate, scaberulous on the keel and sometimes also on the flanks, the lower 4–5 mm. long, the upper 6.5–10 mm. long, both with a short awn-point up to 2 mm. long; lemma terete, 4–5 mm. long, scabrid upwards; callus linear, ± 1 mm. long, narrowly truncate at the tip; column 2–4 mm. long, articulated just below the branching point of the awns; awns 12–30 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389336-1 wfo-0000848567 morphology D8F1E71B-E974-4E3A-A3B2-996B82C4FDC3 Densely tufted perennial; culms 20–90 cm. high, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389261-1 wfo-0000848567 morphology D8F1E71B-E974-4E3A-A3B2-996B82C4FDC3 Leaf-blades linear, 3–20 cm. long, folded or convolute; sheaths compressed, glabrous, the lower strongly keeled, the auricles bearded or not. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389261-1 wfo-0000848567 morphology D8F1E71B-E974-4E3A-A3B2-996B82C4FDC3 Panicle ovate, 7–20 cm. long, open, the spikelets crowded into dense bushy spikes at the ends of the main branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389261-1 wfo-0000848567 morphology D8F1E71B-E974-4E3A-A3B2-996B82C4FDC3 Spikelets mostly grey or purple; glumes unequal, lanceolate, scaberulous on the keel and sometimes also on the flanks, the lower 3–7 mm. long, the upper 7–11 mm. long, both with a short awn-point up to 2 mm. long; lemma terete, 4–5 mm. long, scabrid upwards; callus linear, 1–1.5 mm. long, finely obtuse at the tip; column 2–4 mm. long, articulated just below the branching point of the awns; awns 12–28 mm. long, stiff, ± spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389261-1 wfo-0000848567 morphology D8F1E71B-E974-4E3A-A3B2-996B82C4FDC3 Fig. 50, p. 158. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389261-1 wfo-0000849082 morphology D7B70942-602F-4D6E-8156-C06EDAC9418D Loosely tufted annual; culms (10–)30–70 cm. high, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389614-1 wfo-0000849082 morphology D7B70942-602F-4D6E-8156-C06EDAC9418D Leaf-blades linear, 6–14 cm. long, narrow or convolute; sheaths glabrous, those at the base of the plant laterally compressed, the auricles bearded or not. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389614-1 wfo-0000849082 morphology D7B70942-602F-4D6E-8156-C06EDAC9418D Panicle narrowly ovate, 12–20 cm. long, loose or ± contracted, the spikelets congested in narrow spikes at the tips of the main branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389614-1 wfo-0000849082 morphology D7B70942-602F-4D6E-8156-C06EDAC9418D Spikelets grey or pallid; glumes typically subequal, lanceolate, scaberulous on the keel and sometimes also on the flanks, the lower 4–5 mm. long, the upper 6–7 mm. long, acute or apiculate, less often with a short awn-point; lemma terete, 4–5 mm. long, scabrid upwards; callus linear, 1–1.5 mm. long, finely obtuse at the tip; column 2–5 mm. long, articulated just below the branching point of the awns; awns 10–30 mm. long, slender, parallel or divergent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389614-1 wfo-0000855107 morphology 28303C4A-179A-4788-B851-39F9E022AD0F Perennial, from a creeping rhizome; culms 60–120 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393483-1 wfo-0000855107 morphology 28303C4A-179A-4788-B851-39F9E022AD0F Leaf-blades lanceolate, 10–20 cm. long and 1–2 cm. wide, attenuate at the base, acuminate, sparsely pilose, the veins transversely connected; ligule scarious, 0.5 mm. long, ciliolate; sheath glabrous except for the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393483-1 wfo-0000855107 morphology 28303C4A-179A-4788-B851-39F9E022AD0F Panicle broadly ovate, 11–20 cm. long, diffuse with spreading branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393483-1 wfo-0000855107 morphology 28303C4A-179A-4788-B851-39F9E022AD0F Spikelets oblong, 10–17 mm. long, solitary, long-pedicelled; glumes narrowly ovate, 5-nerved, the lower 5–7.5 mm. long, the upper 6–8 mm. long; barren lemma 9 mm. long, with a short awn-point; lemmas elliptic-ovate, 6–9.5 mm. long, minutely bidentate or emarginate, with a short awn up to 3 mm. long; palea oblong, strongly gibbous, densely puberulous on the sides and ciliolate on the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393483-1 wfo-0000855107 morphology 28303C4A-179A-4788-B851-39F9E022AD0F Fig. 51. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393483-1 wfo-0000878929 morphology D025D131-A34D-430F-A79E-7F4E31CA242E Tufted annual 40–90 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407847-1 wfo-0000878929 morphology D025D131-A34D-430F-A79E-7F4E31CA242E Leaf-blades narrowly lanceolate, typically 10–15 cm. long and 1–2 cm. broad, cordate and amplexicaul, acuminate, glabrous or scaberulous, the veins transversely connected; ligule hyaline, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407847-1 wfo-0000878929 morphology D025D131-A34D-430F-A79E-7F4E31CA242E Panicle oblong, 15–20 cm. long and 10–15 cm. wide, the branches at first ascending, later spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407847-1 wfo-0000878929 morphology D025D131-A34D-430F-A79E-7F4E31CA242E Spikelets narrowly oblong, 7–14 mm. long and 2 mm. wide (but sometimes much shorter and only 2–3-flowered in poorly developed panicles), borne on slender pedicels a few mm. long; glumes 1.5–2 mm. long, 3-nerved, similar to the lemmas in shape and texture; lemmas ovate in side view, broadly elliptic when flattened, 2–2.5 mm. long, with broad hyaline margins, obtuse or emarginate, with or without a mucro up to 0.3 mm. long; palea elliptic, ciliolate on the keels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407847-1 wfo-0000878929 morphology D025D131-A34D-430F-A79E-7F4E31CA242E Fig. 52, p. 162. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:407847-1 wfo-0000882273 morphology 06AEBF08-81FF-46E7-86A6-E6344073BAA8 Perennial, from a creeping rhizome; culms 80–180 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409981-1 wfo-0000882273 morphology 06AEBF08-81FF-46E7-86A6-E6344073BAA8 Leaf-blades narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 12–25 cm. long and 2–5 cm. wide, abruptly contracted to a false petiole 5–17 mm. long, acuminate, glabrous or minutely pubescent, the veins transversely connected; ligule scarious, 0.3 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409981-1 wfo-0000882273 morphology 06AEBF08-81FF-46E7-86A6-E6344073BAA8 Panicle ovate to broadly ovate, 25–35 cm. long, open, the branches verticillate and obliquely spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409981-1 wfo-0000882273 morphology 06AEBF08-81FF-46E7-86A6-E6344073BAA8 Spikelets narrowly oblong, 3–5-flowered, 8–12 mm. long; glumes 3.5–5 mm. long, 3–5-nerved, resembling the lemmas; lemmas obliquely lanceolate in side view, elliptic when flattened, 4.5–5.5 mm. long, obtuse; palea narrowly oblong; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409981-1 wfo-0000882273 morphology 06AEBF08-81FF-46E7-86A6-E6344073BAA8 Fig. 53, p. 164. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:409981-1 wfo-0000898373 morphology EBB31C13-AB80-4FAF-9C88-AC4EFFECC06F Perennial from a short creeping rhizome, often with long surface stolons. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421051-1 wfo-0000898373 morphology EBB31C13-AB80-4FAF-9C88-AC4EFFECC06F Culms mostly 30–90 cm. high, erect or geniculately ascending, somewhat swollen at the base, often almost suffrutescent with tufts of innovation shoots arising at intervals on the tough wiry culms. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421051-1 wfo-0000898373 morphology EBB31C13-AB80-4FAF-9C88-AC4EFFECC06F Leaf-blades 5–16 cm. long and 2–7 mm. wide, involute or flat, glaucous, pubescent above and beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421051-1 wfo-0000898373 morphology EBB31C13-AB80-4FAF-9C88-AC4EFFECC06F Panicle oblong, 6–12 cm. long and 2–4.5 cm. wide, loose or slightly contracted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421051-1 wfo-0000898373 morphology EBB31C13-AB80-4FAF-9C88-AC4EFFECC06F Spikelets obovate in side view, up to 15 mm. long, the florets silky villous; glumes grey-green, glabrous or finely pubescent, acute to subobtuse, the lower 4.6–7.5 mm. long, the upper 6–9 mm. long; lowest lemma 8.5–14 mm. long, lobed for one-third of its length, the lobes often mucronate or shortly aristulate; awns 4.5–8 mm. long, straight, scaberulous; palea 4.3–5.8 mm. long, villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421051-1 wfo-0000898373 morphology EBB31C13-AB80-4FAF-9C88-AC4EFFECC06F Fig. 54, p. 166. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:421051-1 wfo-0000867132 morphology 56D4DF87-6D6C-4F6D-BB80-AA395CE14AFB Tufted perennial; culms wiry below, 3–40 cm. high, usually shortly hairy all over, the base often clad in the fibrous remains of the previous year’s growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400626-1 wfo-0000867132 morphology 56D4DF87-6D6C-4F6D-BB80-AA395CE14AFB Leaf-blades up to 10 cm. long, involute, rarely flat and then up to 2 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400626-1 wfo-0000867132 morphology 56D4DF87-6D6C-4F6D-BB80-AA395CE14AFB Inflorescence a spike-like panicle, ovate to irregularly cylindrical, 2–8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400626-1 wfo-0000867132 morphology 56D4DF87-6D6C-4F6D-BB80-AA395CE14AFB Glumes both 3–9-nerved, the lower 2.5–5 mm. long, the upper 2.8–5.5 mm. long; lowest lemma 1.5–2 mm. long, its awns 2.5–5 mm. long and densely ciliate for much of their length; second lemma smaller, usually ♂; third lemma 0.5–2 mm. long, including the awns which are reduced to a small tuft; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400626-1 wfo-0000867132 morphology 56D4DF87-6D6C-4F6D-BB80-AA395CE14AFB Fig. 55/9, p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400626-1 wfo-0000867165 morphology 14996EE7-7DAF-43FE-8BC0-DCF9AA5B4690 Tufted perennial; culms wiry below, up to 70 cm. high, usually shortly hairy for a short distance below the inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400658-1 wfo-0000867165 morphology 14996EE7-7DAF-43FE-8BC0-DCF9AA5B4690 Leaf-blades up to 12 cm. long, involute, rarely flat and then up to 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400658-1 wfo-0000867165 morphology 14996EE7-7DAF-43FE-8BC0-DCF9AA5B4690 Inflorescence a spike-like panicle up to 10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400658-1 wfo-0000867165 morphology 14996EE7-7DAF-43FE-8BC0-DCF9AA5B4690 Glumes both 5–9-nerved, the lower 4–5.9 mm. long, the upper 5.5–8.7 mm. long; lowest lemma 1.5–2.4 mm. long, its awns 5–7 mm. long and ciliate for much of their length; second lemma smaller, usually ♂; third lemma comparatively large, 4–7 mm. long including the well-developed awns; anthers 0.6–1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:400658-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Straggling small tree or shrub; young branchlets dark at first, pubescent with brown hairs, later somewhat scabrid with short blackish hairs or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Leaf-blades elliptic, 1.5–9.5 cm. long, 1–5.7 cm. wide, obtuse to shortly mucronulate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, rather thick, green and often minutely black-speckled above, dull and whitish beneath due to clusters of white deposits within the epidermal cells, glabrous above, adpressed pubescent beneath when young, becoming sparsely so with age; venation very closely reticulate and raised on upper surface; petiole 1 .5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Flowers rather small, so far known only from almost mature buds, in 1–3-flowered leaf-opposed fascicles; peduncles obsolete or scarcely 0.5 mm. long; pedicels 0.7–1.2 cm. long, ferruginous pubescent; bracts and bracteoles elliptic, 3–4.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Sepals raised at edge so that buds are conspicuously 3-ribbed, broadly lanceolate, 1.1 cm. long, 5–5.5 mm. wide, ferruginous pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Petals in 2 rows of 3, the aestivation open at extreme base, oblong-elliptic, 8–9 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, tomentellous outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Androgynophore 3.5 mm. high; anthers 0.7 mm. long, very numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Carpels ± 16; ovary linear-oblong or subcylindrical, ± 2 mm. long, ± 11-ovulate, densely hairy; stigma well developed, lobulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Very immature monocarps ellipsoid, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0001066236 morphology CD1766F4-416E-456A-961D-5E22390DF1AE Fig. 1, p. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75199-1 wfo-0000338036 morphology A633D9A7-64FB-4946-8677-BB4AE8FA5A46 Seeds ellipsoid, 4-6 × 3 - 4mm., dark brown, shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871826-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Rhizomes extensive, 6-8 mm. in diameter; scales coriaceous, reddish brown, ± 3.5 × 1.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Leafy shoots 2-3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Leaves narrowly elliptic, acuminate, somewhat asymmetrically rounded to cuneate at base, 25-33 × 4.5-8 cm., pubescent on the midrib beneath; nerves 22-27 per 5 mm. beneath, 20-23 per 5 mm. above; ligule coriaceous, rounded, sparsely pubescent, 3-6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Inflorescences 2-3-flowered, borne on the rhizomes between the leafy shoots; peduncles 3-5 cm. long, the bracts broadly ovate, retuse and mucronate at the apex, sparsely appressed pubescent, and ciliolate at the apical margin, the apical ones up to 3.5 × 3 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Calyx spathaceous, 4-5 cm. long, split ± 1.5 cm. at one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Corolla white; posterior petal oblong, concave, ± 5.5-6 × 2.5-2.8 cm.; laterals narrowly triangular, ± 5.5 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Labellum white with a basal yellow patch, 9-10 cm. long, the free portion suborbicular, ± 6 cm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Free filament ligulate, ± 3 cm. long; anther subterminal, ± 15 mm. long, the basal 10 mm. dehiscent; apex 3-lobed, the terminal lobe oblong, rounded or retuse, 6-7 × 4 mm., the laterals narrowly triangular, ascending, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma trumpet-shaped, appressed-pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338035 morphology 32C73ECA-77A3-4598-AF65-B28B7C95BB0A Fruit and seeds not certainly known but see below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903467-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Rhizomes 2-4 mm. in diameter, extensive; scales chartaceous, brown, 4-6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Leafy shoots 1.5-2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Leaves narrowly elliptic, 17-24 × 3-4 cm., caudate-acuminate, base cuneate, slightly asymmetric, glabrous except for some sparse pubescence near the apex of the midrib beneath; nerves closely spaced, 27-31 per 5 mm. beneath, ± 22 per 5 mm. above but often obscured by hypodermal sclerenchyma; ligule coriaceous, rounded, 1-2 mm. long; sheaths sulcate, pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Inflorescences mostly on the rhizomes but sometimes at the base of the leafy shoot, 2-flowered; peduncles erect, 1-2 cm. long; bracts ovate, chartaceous, to 4.5 × 2 cm., glabrous except for the bilobed pubescent apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Calyx spathaceous, glabrous, up to 4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Petals pale mauve to white, the posterior elliptic, concave, obtuse, 5 × 2.5 cm., the laterals narrowly ovate, 4.5 × 0.7 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Labellum 8-11 cm. long, the free portion broadly obovate, 6 × 5 cm., pale mauve or whitish with a yellow patch at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Free filament ± 2 cm. long; anther subterminal, 9 mm. long, the basal 5 mm. dehiscing; apex 3-lobed, the apical lobe rounded to triangular, to 2 mm. long, the lateral lobes narrowly triangular, 4 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Ovary glabrous; style filiform, pubescent towards the apex; stigma trumpet-shaped, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338037 morphology 558BF5A6-3B8D-4B59-A6CA-C8D0C3AEF745 Fruit (known only from immature specimens) smooth, partly or completely buried in the leaf litter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871827-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Rhizomes extensive, 3-5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Leafy stems to 2.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Leaves narrowly elliptic, up to 29 × 4.5 cm., acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous; veins closely spaced, 21-26 per 5 mm. above, 24-31 per 5 mm. beneath; ligule coriaceous, rounded, 1-2 mm. long, glabrous; sheaths sulcate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Inflorescences 2-4-flowered, arising from the rhizomes and from the base of the leafy shoots; peduncle 2-4(-10) cm. long; bracts broadly ovate to triangular, membranous to papery, up to 3.5 × 2.3 cm., glabrous except for the sparsely appressed pubescent apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Calyx spathaceous, ± 3 cm. long, split for about 1.5 cm. down one side, sparsely appressed pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Petals white, the posterior oblong, concave, ± 4.5 × 1.5 cm., the laterals narrowly triangular, ± 4 × 0.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Labellum white with a basal yellow patch, 9 cm. long, the free portion broadly obovate, ± 5 × 4 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Free filament ± 1.5 cm. long, ligulate; anthers subterminal, 10 mm. long, the basal 6 mm. dehiscent, glabrous; apex 3-lobed, the terminal lobe triangular, 3 mm. long, with 2 apical teeth, the laterals ± 3 mm. long, subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Ovary glabrous; style appressed pubescent near the apex; stigma trumpet-shaped, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Immature fruits hidden underground, subglobose; calyx persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0000338098 morphology 0DBF63D6-3758-43B8-877E-6BEF8816C8F8 Mature fruits and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:903468-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Annual olive-green pubescent herb; branches prostrate to procumbent, up to 50 cm. long; internodes 1-4 cm. long and 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Leaves 2.5-3.5 cm. long; leaflets 3-5 pairs, ovate, 4-6 × 1.5-3 mm.; stipules lanceolate, 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Flower small, up to 8 mm. across; pedicel 3-6 mm. long, shorter than the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Sepals lanceolate, 2-4 × 1.5 mm., deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Petals yellow, 3-4 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Stamens 5(-8); filaments 2-3 mm. long; anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Ovary 2 mm. in diameter; style 0.5-1 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0001146438 morphology ED68C90D-B675-4637-B328-D22CB6EE86F2 Fruit pyramidal, 3-8 mm. in diameter; stalk 2-7 mm. long; mericarps 3-6 × 1.5 mm., sparingly hairy, punctate-rugose, sometimes with 2 minute spinules at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873404-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Annual or biennial olive-green pubescent herb; branches prostrate, rarely procumbent, up to 80 cm. long; internodes 1.5-6 cm. long and 2-4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Leaves 2-6 cm. long; leaflets 3-7 pairs, ovate to lanceolate, 4-12 × 2-4 mm.; stipules lanceolate, 4 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Flower small, usually up to 8 mm. across (but see note); pedicel 4-6 mm. long, shorter than the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Sepals 4 × 2 mm., deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Petals yellow or white, 5 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Stamens 5-8; filaments 2-3 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Ovary 2-2.5 mm. in diameter; style very short or absent; stigma ovoid, 0.5-1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0000457854 morphology 573EA9D9-1D07-4EF2-9018-3088C8FAC4BD Fruit pyramidal to spheroidal, 5-13 mm. in diameter including wings; stalk 4-11 mm. long; mericarp 2-8 mm., sparingly hairy, 2-winged; wings entire to dentate or serrate, 2-6 mm. broad, extending partially or along the whole mericarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873467-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Annual, rather tender, silver-green villous herb; branches prostrate, up to 20 cm. long; internodes short, 1-2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Leaves 1-2 cm. long; leaflets 4-6 pairs, ovate-oblong, 3-4 × 2-2.5 mm. (sometimes larger in Tanzania); stipules minute, up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Flower small, 3-5 mm. across; pedicel 2-5 mm. long, shorter than the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Sepals linear-lanceolate, 1-2 × 0.5-1 mm., deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Petals yellow, 2-3 × 1-2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Stamens mostly 5 in 1 whorl, rarely 6-8 in 2 whorls; filaments 1-1.5 mm. long; anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Ovary pyriform, 0.5 mm. in diameter; style short, 0.5 mm. long; stigma pyramidal, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Fruit disc-shaped, 4-6 mm. across excluding spines; stalk up to 1 cm. long; mericarp 2-3 × 1-2 mm., with 2 median and 2 basal spines 1.5-3 mm. long (basal spines occasionally absent). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0001146439 morphology B8D2F718-6A4E-4BC4-BAC5-3F04A19CE800 Fig. 1/7, 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873464-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Annual or rarely biennial yellow-green, glabrescent herb; branches mostly procumbent or erect, up to 90 cm. long; internodes 3-9 cm. long and 2.5-4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Leaves 3-7 cm. long; leaflets 4-7 pairs, oblong, 15 × 5 mm.; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3-6 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Flower medium-sized, up to 20 mm. across; pedicel 15-30 mm., usually shorter than the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Sepals lanceolate, 8 × 2 mm., deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Petals bright yellow, 8-10 × 4-5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Stamens 8-10 mm. in 2 whorls; filaments 3-5 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Ovary 1-2 mm. in diameter; style conspicuous, elongated cylindrical, 2-4 mm. long; stigma hemispherical, sometimes asymmetric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457802 morphology C12A9ED3-DC88-4724-97B5-C786073F7359 Fruit disc-shaped; stalk 2-3 cm. long; mericarps glabrous, 8× 4 mm., provided with 2 lateral spines 5-10 mm. long and 2 basal spines 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873411-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Annual or biennial hirsute herb, with all the vegetative parts covered by a fine indumentum and bristle-like bulbous-based hairs; branches prostrate, up to 60 cm. long; internodes cylindrical, 2.5-8 cm. long and 2-3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Leaves 2.5-8 cm. long; leaflets 5-6 pairs, ovate, 7-10 × 4-5 mm.; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3-5 × 1-2 mm., soon deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Flowers 15-50 mm. across; pedicel 15-40 mm., 1.5-2 times as long as the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Sepals linear-lanceolate, 6-12 × 1-3 mm., densely hairy, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Petals yellow, 7-22 × 5-18 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Stamens 8-10 in 2 whorls; filaments 2-6 mm. long; anthers up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Ovary globular to pyriform; style short, 0.5-1.5 mm. long; stigma lanceolate, 1.5-3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457817 morphology B87728F9-FEA9-49AC-B23C-696E698B5EB1 Fruit disc-shaped; stalk 1.5-5 cm. long; mericarp 4-10 × 2-6 mm., provided with 2 pairs of spines and sometimes a number of spinules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873495-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Annual ± pubescent, villous or hispid herb; branches prostrate, up to 90 cm. long; internodes up to 6 cm. long, 2-3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Leaves 3-6 cm. long; leaflets 5-8 pairs, oblong to lanceolate, 4-8 × 1.5-5 mm.; stipules linear to lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Flower medium-sized, up to 15 mm. across; pedicel 5-10 mm. long, shorter than the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Sepals linear-lanceolate, 3-6 × 1-2 mm., deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Petals lemon-yellow to orange-yellow, 4-8 × 3-6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Stamens 8-10 in 2 whorls; filaments up to 3 mm. long; anthers 0.5-1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Ovary globular, 1 mm. across; style very short or absent; stigma pyramidal, 0.8-1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000457857 morphology 8614BD9D-5DB6-4DFC-8DFC-9C6F3E79A575 Fruit disc-shaped; stalk ± 1 cm. long; mericarp 4-5 × 2-3 mm., provided with 2 pairs of spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873489-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Glabrous bright green annual or biennial, rarely a perennial herb or subshrub; branches prostrate, up to 40 cm. long; internodes 2-4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Leaves simple; blade sessile, cylindrical to obovate, fleshy, obtuse, up to 15 mm. long and 4 mm. across; stipules membranous, filiform 1-1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Flowers minute, 5 mm. in diameter, solitary at each node. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Sepals 5, obovate, 2-3 × 1-2 mm.; petals 5, yellow, spathulate, 3 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Stamens 10 in 2 whorls; filaments 2.5 mm. long; basal scale bifid to bipartite, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Ovary globose, 1 mm. in diameter, distinctly lobed, glabrous; style cylindrical, 1.25 mm. long; stigma simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Capsule pear-shaped, glabrous, 2 × 2 mm., deeply 5-lobed, septicidal; stalk 2 mm. long; style persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000429768 morphology C67856CA-E5ED-419C-B99A-72218326879E Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873693-1 wfo-0000685347 morphology E006E751-EE62-4B7A-9D57-385E28EDCBCA Perennial greyish to bright green shrublet up to 30 cm. high, glandular-pubescent with uniform trichomes comprising a basal cell and a terminal club-shaped glandular cell; branches erect; internodes angled or terete, 2-4 cm. long, 1-3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873186-1 wfo-0000685347 morphology E006E751-EE62-4B7A-9D57-385E28EDCBCA Leaves petiolate, 3-foliolate; petiole 7-15 mm. long; median leaflet generally broader than the lateral ones, up to 2 cm. long and 1 cm. broad; spiny stipules up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873186-1 wfo-0000685347 morphology E006E751-EE62-4B7A-9D57-385E28EDCBCA Flowers small, less than 10 mm. across; peduncle short, 3-5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873186-1 wfo-0000685347 morphology E006E751-EE62-4B7A-9D57-385E28EDCBCA Sepals ovate, 2.5 × 1.5 mm., glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873186-1 wfo-0000685347 morphology E006E751-EE62-4B7A-9D57-385E28EDCBCA Petals rose-coloured, 4.5 × 2.5 mm.; stamens 5 + 5; filaments up to 6 mm. long; anthers 0.8 × 0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873186-1 wfo-0000685347 morphology E006E751-EE62-4B7A-9D57-385E28EDCBCA Capsule 5 mm. broad, 4 mm. long, tomentose; style up to 2 mm. long; calyx deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873186-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Perennial pale green pruinose glandular shrublet up to 50 cm. high; branches procumbent or erect; internodes cylindrical, striate, 1.5-3 cm. long, 3-4 mm. in diameter; nodes slightly swollen and whitish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Leaves unifoliolate, with a distinct joint between 2-4 mm. long petiole and blade; leaflet ovate-lanceolate, mucronate, 12-16 × 3-5 mm.; spiny stipules needle-like, as long as or shorter than the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Flowers up 12 mm. across on a short slender peduncle 3-5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Sepals ovate, 3 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Petals rose-coloured, 6 ×3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Stamens 5 + 5; filaments ± 6 mm. long; anthers ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685337 morphology 85B4D6AA-6EAE-4182-86B7-74DC7DD9D8E4 Capsule 4 × 4 mm., sparingly hairy; peduncle longer than capsule, 5-7 mm. long, reflexed; calyx persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873184-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Annual bright green glabrous herb or sbrublet up to 25 cm. high; branches procumbent or ascending; internodes 4-6 cm. long, 2-3 mm. in diameter; nodes slightly swollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Leaves sessile, unifoliolate; leaflet linear, up to 40 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, mucronate; spiny stipules needle-like, as long as or longer than the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Flowers up to 9 mm. across; peduncle 4-8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Sepals lanceolate, 2.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Petals pink, 5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Stamens 5 + 5; filaments 8 mm. long; anthers ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Capsule 5 × 5 mm., glabrous; peduncle 9-12 mm. long, reflexed; calyx deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000685402 morphology 0F960953-7A54-45D2-A09A-088FB3E47486 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873212-1 wfo-0000521533 morphology 0BF49104-A1D0-45CD-83D8-A520E26D5FE8 Tree to 10 m. or so, sometimes with spines 2.5–5 cm. long, shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770819-1 wfo-0000521533 morphology 0BF49104-A1D0-45CD-83D8-A520E26D5FE8 Leaves digitately trifoliolate, alternate; leaflets elliptic-ovate, 4–13.5 cm. long, obtusely acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770819-1 wfo-0000521533 morphology 0BF49104-A1D0-45CD-83D8-A520E26D5FE8 Flowers 4–5-merous in axillary or terminal fascicles or racemes; stamens 40–50. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770819-1 wfo-0000521533 morphology 0BF49104-A1D0-45CD-83D8-A520E26D5FE8 Fruit 5–12.5 cm. in diameter, with a hard shell, greyish brown, with orange-red fleshy pulp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770819-1 wfo-0000589005 morphology 78D2767E-8CB7-471F-8935-720407B1E8CC Medium-sized or large tree 3–12 m. in East Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771774-1 wfo-0000589005 morphology 78D2767E-8CB7-471F-8935-720407B1E8CC Leaves digitately (3–)5-foliolate; leaflets petiolulate, elliptic or elliptic-oblong to ovate, sometimes puberulent on petiole and petiolules, translucently gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771774-1 wfo-0000589005 morphology 78D2767E-8CB7-471F-8935-720407B1E8CC Flowers white or greenish white in axillary panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771774-1 wfo-0000589005 morphology 78D2767E-8CB7-471F-8935-720407B1E8CC Fruit resembling an apple, 8–10 cm. in diameter, yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771774-1 wfo-0000603206 morphology 7B1C336D-2585-4D4A-9B6D-F23CF5D91CB6 Evergreen shrub to 3 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771812-1 wfo-0000603206 morphology 7B1C336D-2585-4D4A-9B6D-F23CF5D91CB6 Leaves digitately trifoliolate; leaflets elliptic-oblanceolate, 4–7 cm. long, leathery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771812-1 wfo-0000603206 morphology 7B1C336D-2585-4D4A-9B6D-F23CF5D91CB6 Flowers in racemes near ends of branches, white, fragrant, 2–3 cm. across, 5-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771812-1 wfo-0000455326 morphology 5519FA00-E355-4FBE-8A29-10DCEC03A7C1 Erect shrub, with paired axillary thorns 5–17 mm. long, pubescent, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258565-2 wfo-0000455326 morphology 5519FA00-E355-4FBE-8A29-10DCEC03A7C1 Leaves trifoliolate; leaflets ovate-rhombic, 1.5–4.5 cm. long, emarginate, slightly crenate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258565-2 wfo-0000455326 morphology 5519FA00-E355-4FBE-8A29-10DCEC03A7C1 Flowers 1–several in the axils, 3-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258565-2 wfo-0000455326 morphology 5519FA00-E355-4FBE-8A29-10DCEC03A7C1 Berries ellipsoid-globose, 12–16 mm. in diameter, orange-red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258565-2 wfo-0000603186 morphology 7AFF9463-9B72-4482-BADA-BFE827508769 Much-branched tree to 8 m. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577966-1 wfo-0000603186 morphology 7AFF9463-9B72-4482-BADA-BFE827508769 Leaves alternate, imparipinnate; leaflets 18–40, subopposite or alternate, oblong, asymmetric, 16–33 mm. long, obtuse, paler beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577966-1 wfo-0000603186 morphology 7AFF9463-9B72-4482-BADA-BFE827508769 Flowers in small pubescent panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577966-1 wfo-0000603186 morphology 7AFF9463-9B72-4482-BADA-BFE827508769 Fruit a capsule, oblong, ± 25 mm. long, coriaceous, loculicidally 3-valved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577966-1 wfo-0000603186 morphology 7AFF9463-9B72-4482-BADA-BFE827508769 Seeds winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577966-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Stamens (6–)7–8; filaments folded in bud; anthers oblong, sagittate at the base, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Ovary bilobed, bilocular; style short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Fruit with 2 (or 1 by abortion) diverging compressed dehiscent mericarps, externally pubescent with either grey, green or golden hairs, glabrous and reddish inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000002757 morphology 55F21BFB-817F-48F0-A976-CE30F8BEE99E Seeds black, bean-shaped, more than half covered by a yellow or orange aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36286-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Small or medium trees; young parts rusty-tomentose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire or more commonly toothed, at least in the upper part, the middle leaflets a little larger than the others urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Inflorescence an axillary or terminal paniculate thyrse; flowers regular, unisexual, in clusters subtended by bracts, each inflorescence successively male, female and finally male urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Sepals 5, valvate, joined at the base, densely hairy outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Petals 5, clawed, widest just below the apex, with a scale which is reflexed and bearded at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Disk circular, glabrous, the outer part flat, lobed, the inner a raised rim, together resembling a cup and saucer urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Stamens 10–13; filaments folded in bud, glabrous or hairy; anthers oblong, dorsifixed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Ovary 3-locular; style undivided urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Fruit a 3-valved dehiscent ellipsoid or obovoid capsule, externally hairy, internally glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000022481 morphology 96455CE3-AF90-4841-BAD6-142FD969842A Seeds 3, trigonous in cross-section, enclosed almost totally by a waxy aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36470-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Trees or large shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Leaves pinnate; leaflets in 1–5 pairs, tending to be opposite, entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Inflorescences axillary, thyrsoid, tending to be reduced to racemes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Flowers regular, subtended singly or in small groups by minute bracts; sepals 5, almost free or joined up to halfway, opening in bud to reveal the immature anthers; petals 5, scale equal to or smaller than the limb and joined laterally to it to form a funnel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Disk circular, glabrous or hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Stamens (6–)8–10;filaments straight and very short in bud, elongating as the flower matures; anthers oblong, pilose, glabrescent, the base sagittate; staminodes similar but the filaments remain short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Ovary 3(–4)-lobed, golden-hairy; style short, blunt, with 3(–4) furrows urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Ovary rudiment in male flowers a minute white-pilose cushion urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Fruit a glabrous, 3(–4)-gonous, turbinate capsule, splitting into 3(–4) valves, with glabrous or velvety-pubescent inner surfaces urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000004801 morphology DBAD2663-2C58-40D9-BCFE-58C682B8158E Seeds ovoid, glossy, with a yellow cup-shaped aril around the basal part. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36302-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Monoecious or dioecious trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Leaves paripinnate; leaflets in 2–5 pairs, petiolate or sometimes almost sessile with lowest pair ± stipuliform; other leaflets large, opposite or alternate, sometimes with translucent dots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Inflorescences paniculate or sometimes ± simply pseudoracemose, terminal or subterminal, always a few flowers of opposite sex in male and female inflorescences urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Flowers regular; sepals 5; petals 5, 2–5×as long as sepals; limb narrowly elliptic or lanceolate with a very short claw, scales much shorter than petals and often wider, not adnate, hairy; disk collar- or muff-shaped, funnel-like, often with sinuous margin urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Stamens 8, ± as long as petals; filaments ± hairy or glabrous; staminodes 8, shorter than the petals urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Ovary globose, 3-locular, each locule 1-ovulate; style thick, simple; rudimentary ovary reduced to a few hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Fruit capsular, ± globose, ± 3-angular, woody, loculicidally dehiscent; endocarp coloured, with tuft of fawn hairs at base of valves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000013826 morphology 9D8676E5-4739-43B2-B848-178E69FF75D3 Seeds erect, ovoid, smooth, with lobed orange or red arillode. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36397-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Shrub or small tree with dense leafy crown; probably monoecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Leaves pinnate, leaflets entire; lowermost leaflets reduced, stipule-like, one of the pair inserted on or shortly above the petiole, sometimes caducous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Inflorescence axillary, racemose, slender, simple or branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Flowers regular; sepals 5, united for a very short distance above the base, the lobes unequal, oblong-ovate; petals 5, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate, exceeding the sepals at maturity, scale bilobed, half as large as the limb; disk a complete ring, flat, broad, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Male flower: stamens 9, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Female flower: staminodes 8, curved in bud, glabrous; ovary 2-lobed, 2-locular; style truncate, with two stigmatic grooves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000016863 morphology 49761C64-AC2B-459F-9D79-011C8D899AE4 Fruit subglobose, grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994804-1 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Tree urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire or serrate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Inflorescence an axillary thyrse bearing clusters of yellowish flowers, male and female in the same inflorescence or (not in mainland Africa) the trees dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Calyx opening precociously, united in a cup to at least half-way, shallowly 5-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Petals absent or (not in mainland Africa) 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Disk cushion-like, hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Stamens (6–)8 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Ovary 3-lobed, 3-locular with one ovule per locule; style equal to the ovary, 3-furrowed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Fruit of 1–3 spherical mericarps, dehiscing along a vertical line urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000036251 morphology F2788A26-453E-41BE-8A6E-5960F0AAEFEC Seeds spherical, nearly totally covered in a fleshy aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60475068-2 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Evergreen monoecious trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Leaves simple, petiolate, in clusters at the tips of branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Inflorescence a lax or dense thyrse of yellow flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Calyx opening precociously to reveal the anthers, in male flowers cup-like, barely 5-lobed, in female flowers lobed to halfway urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Petals minute (?sometimes absent) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Stamens 8(–10);filaments very short in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Ovary 3-lobed; stigma 3-furrowed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Fruit a spherical mericarp, containing a single seed, dehiscing along a vertical suture into 2 valves; all 3 mericarps developed or if not then 1–2 abortive at base of fertile one urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000027937 morphology 76317A4B-867F-41F9-9E1A-D79661D5C5AF Seed ovoid to spherical; aril red, fleshy, enclosing the seed. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36517-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Small trees or shrubs, dioecious in the Flora area urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Leaves pinnate (not in East Africa) or bipinnate; leaflets entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Inflorescence a paniculate or unbranched thyrse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Flowers regular; sepals 5, free, imbricate; petals 5, small, clawed, infolded at the lateral margins to produce 2 scales; disk circular, flat, barely lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Stamens 7–8; filaments folded in bud; anthers sagittate at the base; staminodes similar with shorter filaments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Ovary 3-locular, spherical; style 3-furrowed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Fruit a spherical capsule without exterior dehiscence lines, splitting into 3 valves (but material from our area indehiscent or only partially splitting at apex) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000022658 morphology FF329648-F03F-4BBC-BBB6-E11FFF4C93F3 Seeds 1–3 per capsule, each largely covered by a fleshy aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36471-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Small or medium-sized dioecious trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Inflorescences short or long axillary racemoid thyrses urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Flowers regular; sepals 3–5, concave, free or partly joined; petals absent (or 5 in West Africa); disk lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Stamens 8–12; filaments glabrous, folded in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Ovary unlobed, 3-locular; stigma subcapitate, subsessile, with 3 lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Fruit a slightly asymmetrically ellipsoid capsule, dehiscing by an irregular split, or indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000020822 morphology 3E53CC18-B034-4803-9C34-BF9F3A3C95EE Seed usually single by abortion of 2 ovules, enclosed in an aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36462-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Dioecious trees or shrubs with some long shoots and many condensed short shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire, asymmetric at least at the base, ± notched at apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Flowers regular in axillary fascicles of cymes, often appearing before the leaves; sepals 5, free; petals lacking; disk hemispherical with the filaments inserted into pockets on its surface urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Male flowers: stamens 4–6, much exserted; ovary rudiment absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Female flowers: staminodes present; ovary ± 3-lobed, with 3-fid style urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Fruit coloured, capsule-like, 3-locular, the locules 1-seeded, but mostly indehiscent or irregularly rupturing urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000016864 morphology 3491F834-9798-4E78-B9CF-98F7F6C792DB Seeds 1–2, covered by a fleshy aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36429-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire, leathery, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Inflorescence borne on the previous season’s wood, consisting of axillary fascicles of short cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Flowers regular; sepals 5, petaloid, concave; petals 5, of unequal size, scales present, entire to completely divided into 2; disk lobed, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Stamens 5–13 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Ovary 3–5-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Fruit (where known) a drupe or berry, indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000006428 morphology 9E866D6C-873B-4D88-9D15-5643287438DF Seeds 1–3, enclosed in a fleshy aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36313-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Leaves pinnate; leaflets opposite or alternate, the lowermost often reduced and sometimes stipule-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Inflorescences terminal and axillary, paniculate or simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Flowers regular; sepals 4–5, petaloid, unequal, free, strongly imbricate; petals (0–)4–5, scale simple or complicated; disk complete, convex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Stamens 4–18, mostly ± 8 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Ovary 2–3-lobed with 1 ovule per lobe; style entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Fruit of 1–3 mericarps, indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000021166 morphology EB7B55A3-42B1-4CA0-85F9-BBF73549B648 Aril absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36465-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Trees or shrubs or occasionally scandent, monoecious or dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Leaves simple or pinnate; leaflets in 1–6 pairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Inflorescences terminal and in upper leaf axils, thyrsoid or paniculate with few spreading branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Flowers regular; sepals 4–5, ± free; petals 5 or lacking; disk entire, broad, lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Stamens 4–8 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Ovary 2–3-lobed; ovules 1 per locule; style 2–3-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Fruit of 1–3 mericarps urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000015739 morphology 3964BB1F-0B05-4013-ADD1-F5976F6E5381 Seeds without arils. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36419-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Understorey trees, probably dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Leaves pinnate; leaflets in 2–9 pairs, glabrous with exceptionally prominent minor vein reticulum urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Inflorescences borne on the trunk and branches, thyrsoid, pseudo-racemose or spike-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Flowers regular; calyx united basally to half way or more, 5-lobed; petals absent; disk circular, broad, forming a flat platform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Stamens 7–8; filaments folded in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Ovary deeply 3-lobed; style equalling the ovary, 3-grooved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Fruit indehiscent, shallowly or deeply lobed or of 1–several scarcely joined mericarps urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000029949 morphology 44B20A4A-EAFE-4C3F-97EB-AC4020B333F9 Seed without aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36531-1 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Small trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Inflorescences axillary, terminal or from older wood urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Flowers slightly zygomorphic; calyx of (4–)5 partly united sepals, the sinuses between lobes unequal; petals (3–)4, clawed, scale lobed or elaborately fringed and appendaged on the abaxial surface; disk variously semicircular or complete, variable within same species urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Stamens 7–11; filaments nearly glabrous to densely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Ovary 3-lobed; style shortly 3-fid at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000027859 morphology 0F343B7F-5499-40FC-BF7D-7391E603C375 Fruit indehiscent, either 1–3 mericarps free from the base to narrowly joined for 2/3 their length, or a 3-lobed drupe. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331828-2 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Small trees or shrubs, often of palm-like habit with unbranched trunks urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Leaves pinnate, large; leaflets many, glabrous, some with epidermal glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Inflorescence arising variously from roots, trunk or branches, pseudoracemose or thyrsoid; plants probably usually dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Flowers slightly irregular with 4 petals crowded to one side and the stamens or ovary at the opposite side; calyx unequally 5-lobed, united into a cup to half-way or more; petals 4, oblong, clawed, with a tongue-like scale up to 2/3 as long as the limb and sometimes bearing a simple or lobed appendage on its abaxial side; disk asymmetrical, lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Stamens 7–8(–15); filaments conspicuously hairy; anthers pilose or glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Ovary lobed, 3–several-locular; style entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Fruit an indehiscent lobed or ribbed drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000008286 morphology 0AB0818B-5181-4C71-8EAE-8BD662A3B931 Seed 1 per locule without arils. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36326-1 wfo-4000010986 morphology E7D250E7-9772-46DD-A10D-56D8D97F717C Trees, mostly (and always in the Flora area) of palm-like habit with a terminal cluster of leaves and flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36356-1 wfo-4000010986 morphology E7D250E7-9772-46DD-A10D-56D8D97F717C Leaves pinnate; leaflets entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36356-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.3 mm. long, light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000485733 morphology 9E89D5AF-EE36-4EBD-8623-FBD66D8C4144 Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:336311-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Tree 12–50 m. with straight bole clear for ± 80% of the height, sometimes slightly buttressed at the base; crown small, lightly branched; bark white, fawn or dark grey, smooth; slash white, but copious red juice hides it at once; glabrous save for adpressed ferruginous hairs at apex of seedlings and young parts of adult shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Leaves grey and glaucous beneath, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 8.5–29 cm. long, 3.3–7.3 cm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate or abruptly narrowed at the base; petiole 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Flowers yellowish or yellow-brown, 2–2.5 mm. wide, in glomerules 5–8 mm. diameter arranged in ferruginous tomentose inflorescences ± 2.5–7 cm. long, 3–5 cm. wide; peduncles and secondary peduncles 0.5–1 cm. long; secondary branches ± 3 cm. long; bracts broadly ovate, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Male flowers: perianth-lobes broadly ovate, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, reflexed; filament column 2 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Female buds globose, 2 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Fruit yellow-green, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 5.5–6(–6.5) cm. long, 3–3.2(–4) cm. wide, the fleshy pericarp splitting longitudinally into 2 spoon-like lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Seed cream or pale brown, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 4.5–5 cm. long, 2.8–3 cm. wide, hard, covered with a thin cream, yellow or creamy brown glandular punctate aril; testa ± 0.5 mm. thick; kernel 4 cm. long, 2 cm. thick; cotyledons 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000594936 morphology 3C9EFE8C-5D28-4424-884E-7737F629D3CE Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585640-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Dioecious or apparently sometimes monoecious (see note), clean straight-boled tree 9–37.5 m. tall, up to 1–1.5 m. d.b.h., with or without rounded not very prominent buttresses up to 3 m. tall; crown small, the branches restricted to the summit and ± at right-angles to the trunk; young branchlets pendulous, densely ferruginous velvety; bark greyish to dark brown, fissured, rough at base; slash deep orange with white patches and copious viscous yellow or red sap (juice said to be dark brownish or tea-coloured in Nigeria and Cameroon); wood reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate or occasionally ± obovate, 7.5–31(–38) cm. long, 4.3–11(–16) cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cordate or subcordate at the base, velvety dark brown ferruginous pubescent when young, later glabrescent, at leastabove; lateral nerves 20–40 pairs; petiole 0.9–2 cm. long, ± 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Inflorescences scented, axillary or borne on leafless branches, 10–15 cm. long, densely ferruginous velvety; bracts at base of individual clusters of heads of flowers 2–2.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, tomentose, deciduous; other bracts attain 6×4 mm. (?in young female inflorescences). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Male flowers with perianth 3(–5)-fid, ± 1 mm. long; lobes obovate, covered with minute vesicular glands outside; staminal column sometimes twisted, 1–1.2 mm. long, with 2–4 exserted anthers ± 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Female flowers with broadly ovate perianth-lobes; ovary ± 0.5 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Fruits yellow or rusty brown, narrowly ellipsoid or oblong to globular, (2–)3–4.5 cm. long, (1.6–)2–4 cm. wide, ferruginous tomentose when young; pericarp 2–10 mm. thick; fruiting pedicels, 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0000476435 morphology 7DD2F826-342B-4E0E-8F8C-6104FF88BFFF Seeds dark brown, ellipsoid, 1.5–2.9 cm. long, 0.8–1.6 cm. wide; aril red or pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586520-1 wfo-0001085238 morphology 7E7D8202-4598-4320-9D7D-88713F3A98E9 Tree 15–35 m. with straight or slightly sinuous bole up to 2.1 m. diameter at the base; bark reddish grey or cinnamon-coloured, with concavities where the bark has flaked off to leave orange patches beneath; slash crimson exuding copious sap, which turns blood-red; twigs drying dark brown, ± angularly ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586541-1 wfo-0001085238 morphology 7E7D8202-4598-4320-9D7D-88713F3A98E9 Leaves discolorous, drying chestnut-brown beneath, narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 5.5–16 cm. long, 1.7–5.3 cm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base; lateral nerves ± 10 pairs, slightly impressed above, obscurely raised beneath; midrib prominent on both surfaces; petiole 5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586541-1 wfo-0001085238 morphology 7E7D8202-4598-4320-9D7D-88713F3A98E9 Inflorescences with very short ferruginous pubescence; peduncle 2 mm. long; male 5–7 mm. in diameter, 20–50-flowered; female 8–10 mm. in diameter, 30–40-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586541-1 wfo-0001085238 morphology 7E7D8202-4598-4320-9D7D-88713F3A98E9 Male flowers 3-lobed, ± 2 mm. long, densely ferruginous puberulous with minute biramous adpressed hairs under 0.1 mm. long; female flowers similar to male, ovary tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586541-1 wfo-0001085238 morphology 7E7D8202-4598-4320-9D7D-88713F3A98E9 Fruits yellow or cinnamon-coloured, ellipsoid, 2.2–5 cm. long, 1.7–4.5 cm. wide, at first tomentellous, later glabrous and ± shining, the valve sutures sharply raised; pericarp ± 5 mm. thick, scarlet inside; fruiting peduncles 3–8 mm. long, woody; pedicels 3–8 mm. long; stipes 0–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586541-1 wfo-0001085238 morphology 7E7D8202-4598-4320-9D7D-88713F3A98E9 Seeds ellipsoid or ovoid; aril lobed at apex or ?sometimes ± entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586541-1 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Annual, ascending or erect herb up to 1 m., with a stout rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Stems fleshy, becoming woody towards the base, green, often flushed with red, glabrescent to pubescent, branching mainly from the base, the nodes swollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, up to 7.5×7 cm., green above, greyish-white beneath, sometimes tinged purple, the base truncate to cuneate, the apex rounded to acute or rarely acuminate, margins sinuate, occasionally red tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Inflorescence a large diffuse terminal panicle up to 65 cm. long, the individual cymes (1–)4–5(–8)-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Perianth 1.5–3.5 mm. long, up to 2 mm. wide; upper portion white to pale pink, sometimes with darker stripes, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Stamens 2(–3), slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Ovary ± 0.5 mm.; style 1–2 mm. long, slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Anthocarp obconical, 3–4×1–1.5 mm., 5-ribbed, truncate at the apex, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567944 morphology B8989A72-0398-4460-822B-5B09AA0E6E9A Fig. 1/5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319111-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Annual or perennial, prostrate, ascending or erect herb up to 1 m., sometimes with a thick taproot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Stems fleshy, becoming woody towards the base, green, sometimes tinged purple, branching mainly from the base, the nodes swollen, glabrescent to puberulous with long septate hairs especially around the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, up to 6×5 cm., green, paler beneath, the base truncate to cuneate, the apex rounded to acute, with long septate hairs on the sinuate margins and veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Inflorescence a large diffuse terminal panicle up to 35 cm., the individual cymes (1–)3–5(–7)-flowered; branches glabrous to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Perianth 1.5–2.5 mm. long; upper portion pink to purple, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Anthers 1(–3), slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Ovary ± 0.5 mm.; style slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Anthocarp obovoid, 3–4×1–1.5 mm., 5-ribbed, rounded at the apex, glandular-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567916 morphology E9C75182-F14E-4C83-B55C-5F685D4F29AE Fig. 1/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326899-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Annual or perennial, prostrate, ascending or erect herb up to 1 m., sometimes with a thick taproot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Stems fleshy, woody towards the base, sparsely pubescent to densely covered with long septate hairs, the nodes swollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, up to 5.5×5.5 cm., green above, pale green to greyish white beneath, sometimes tinged purple or spotted red, often pubescent on both surfaces and sometimes with long septate hairs, the base truncate to cuneate, the apex rounded to acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Inflorescences both axillary and terminal, simple and aggregated, (3–)5–7(–14)-flowered cymes; branches densely pubescent to sparingly minutely puberulous, never glabrous; axillary peduncles (1–)1.5–4.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Perianth 1.5–3.5 mm. long; upper portion pale pink to purple, rarely white, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Stamens 2–3, slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Ovary ± 0.5 mm.; style slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Anthocarp obovoid to ellipsoid, 3–4×1–1.5 mm., 5-ribbed, glandular-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000567894 morphology E99B515D-C57E-49E9-BA81-55AFC0FBBD2B Fig. 1/6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326873-2 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Annual or perennial, prostrate or straggling herb up to 60 cm. across, with a slender taproot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Stems fleshy, becoming woody towards the base, glabrous to pubescent, the nodes swollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Leaves ovate to narrowly lanceolate, up to 2.5(–4.2)×1.2(–2.4) cm., green, paler beneath, the base cuneate to truncate, the apex acute to rounded, margins sinuate, glabrous to sparsely puberulous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Inflorescence a simple, axillary, (1–)3–5-flowered cyme on a peduncle up to 1(–1.5) cm. long; branches glabrous to puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Perianth 1–2.5 mm. long; upper portion white to pale pink, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Stamens (1–)2(–3), included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Ovary ± 0.5 mm.; style included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Anthocarp obovoid to ellipsoid, 3–4×1–1.5 mm., 5-ribbed, rounded at the apex, glandular-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000568062 morphology 654DCA72-E151-42A3-B5A5-170D0B668DDE Fig. 1/7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604264-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Perennial, ± erect herb up to 1 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Stems fleshy, becoming woody towards the base, puberulous, the nodes swollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 1–5×0.3–1 cm., the base cuneate, the apex rounded to acute, often clustered on short shoots, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Inflorescence a large diffuse terminal panicle, the flowers solitary on very slender peduncles appearing as pedicels ± 6–20 mm. long; branches glabrescent, often glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Perianth 1.5–4.5 mm. long; upper portion white to pink, 0.5–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Anthers (2–)3, slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Ovary 0.5–1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000567940 morphology 0DD1D670-894E-45EA-BBE4-3B8E48549864 Anthocarp narrowly ± ellipsoid, 3–4 mm.×1–1.5 mm., 5-ribbed, rounded at the apex, ± glabrous on the ridges, puberulous to glabrescent in the grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604185-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Prostrate, scrambling or ascending herb with stems up to 2 m., glabrous to rarely pilose on new growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Leaves ovate, up to 7 cm. long, 4 cm. wide, the base cordate, truncate or cuneate, apex acute to apiculate, margins sinuate; petiole up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Inflorescence verticellate or, in East Africa, a simple umbel with 2–6 flowers; peduncle up to 3.5 cm. long; pedicels up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Flowers infundibuliform, (9–)10–19 mm. long, 5–15 mm. wide; upper perianth pink to purple, with green base and stripes, 8–17 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Stamens 4–6, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Style exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Anthocarps clavate, 8–10 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, with a ± 5 thick stalked glands at the apex and a few scattered sessile glands below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617134 morphology 29E8A75C-E6BE-439E-8497-31BA4BAFDC73 Fig. 3/4–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604475-1 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Prostrate, scrambling or ascending, very viscous, pilose herb; stems up to 1.8 m., underground part up to 1.5 cm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Leaves ovate, up to 5.5 cm. long, 4.5 cm. wide, the base truncate to cuneate, apex rounded, acute or apiculate, margins sinuate, dark green above, paler beneath, strongly aromatic ( fide Tanner 1156); petiole up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Inflorescence a 4–9-flowered umbel, rarely with a verticel below (not in East Africa), on a peduncle up to 4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Flowers infundibuliform, 6–9(–13) mm. long, 2–5(–8) mm. wide, closing in the afternoon; upper perianth pink or mauve, rarely white, with green base and stripes, 4–6.5(–10) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Stamens ± 3; filaments pink; anthers paler or darker. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Style pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617120 morphology 8E20F638-B9EA-4FCD-AF96-886B4811BA48 Anthocarps clavate, 6–7 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, covered with shortly stalked yellow or reddish glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63934-2 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Prostrate or scrambling densely pilose perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Leaves ovate, up to 6.5 cm. long, 5.5 cm. wide, the base cordate, truncate or cuneate, apex acute, acuminate or apiculate; margins sinuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Inflorescence a simple 3–5-flowered umbel; peduncle up to 3.5 cm. long; pedicels up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Flowers infundibuliform, 8–15 mm. long, 5–13 mm. wide; upper perianth light to deep purple or magenta with green base and stripes, 6–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Stamens 5–6; filaments purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Style purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Anthocarp clavate, 8–9 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, covered with sessile glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617121 morphology B10131E5-1D47-4CF7-954C-251DE99F541E Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604468-1 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Prostrate or scrambling, glabrous to puberulous perennial; stems up to 3 m. long, woody towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Leaves ovate, up to 9.5 cm. long, 8 cm. wide, the base cordate, truncate or cuneate, apex acute or rounded, sometimes apiculate, margins sinuate, unpleasantly aromatic ( fide Tanner 4115) or not. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Inflorescence an umbel, often with a verticel of flowers below, on a peduncle up to 15 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Flowers infundibuliform, 8–12(–16) mm. long, 3–8(–11) mm. wide; upper perianth white, rarely very pale pink or mauve, green base and stripes, 6–9(–13) mm. long with a narrow perianth tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Stamens ± 3; filaments white; anthers pink to purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Style white; stigma pale pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Anthocarps terete to narrowly clavate, 7–9 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, with a ring of stalked glands around the apex and a few scattered sessile glands below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617136 morphology 531D100D-87E6-4A46-AF1A-EE2AD5B6F771 Fig. 3/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63935-2 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Decumbent pubescent to scabridulous shrublet up to 70 cm.; old stems becoming white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Leaves ovate to subcircular, up to 3.5 cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide, the base cuneate, apex acute to rounded; margins entire to sinuate; petioles up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Inflorescences umbellate, 2–6-flowered; peduncle up to 4.5 cm. long; pedicels up to1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Flowers infundibuliform, 5–8 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide; upper perianth pale pink to mauve, 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Stamens 2–3, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Style exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617129 morphology C227CAF1-FA77-42FE-BC86-239315DB8E84 Anthocarps clavate, 4–7.5 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide, with ± 5 stalked glands around the apex and a few scattered sessile glands below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940453-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Prostrate, scrambling or erect glabrous to puberulous perennial; stems up to 1 m. long, becoming woody towards the base from a stout woody rootstock up to 2 cm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Leaves ovate, up to 5 cm. long, 3.5 cm. wide, the base cordate, truncate or cuneate, apex rounded to acute, sometimes acuminate or apiculate, grey-green, fleshy; petioles up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Inflorescence 2–4 verticels on a peduncle up to 15 cm. long; pedicels up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Flowers infundibuliform, 2.5–7 mm. long, 2–6 mm. wide; upper perianth pale pink to mauve, rarely white, with a green base, 1.5–5 mm. long; perianth-tube very short or lacking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Stamens 2(–3); filaments pink to purple; anthers white to cream or pale pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Style purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Anthocarps clavate, 4–6 mm. long, 1.5–3.5 mm. wide, with a ring of stalked reddish or purple glands around the apex and rings of sessile glands below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000617124 morphology 30DDC884-D8AF-4116-8ACA-EE262F1774FB Fig. 3/6–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604470-1 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Perennial herb to 1(–2) m. tall; roots tuberous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Leaves ovate or oblong to triangular, to 9 cm. long, apex acute, base cordate; petiole to 4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Inflorescences 3–7-flowered; flowers ± sessile, opening in late afternoon, fragrant; involucral bracts ± 1 cm. long; perianth to 6.5 cm. long, 2.5–3.5 cm. wide at the limb, white, pink, red or yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Stamens 5 or 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Style equal to stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Anthocarp subglobose to ellipsoid, 7–8 mm. long, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000448428 morphology 22CEDEE0-D57B-46BF-AE66-0DEFF974D0B7 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Dioecious climber to 20 m. with paired axillary recurved thorns, 5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Leaves opposite or subopposite, elliptic, ovate or broadly ovate, to 10 cm. long, 7 cm. wide; petiole to 2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Inflorescences dense axillary cymes, expanding in fruit; peduncles 1.5–3 cm. long; flowers cream to yellow, scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Male flowers funnel-shaped, 5-lobed, ± 3 mm. long; stamens 6–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Female flowers campanulate to urceolate, 5-lobed, ± 2 mm. long; stigma fimbriate, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Anthocarps clavate, 8–27 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, ribbed; ribs with soft viscid, prickle-like glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0000476234 morphology 4F2A35B9-A1CC-4F7F-BD0B-F459DF6FB79E Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326897-2 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Tree or shrub to 28 m. tall; stems without thorns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Leaves opposite or subopposite, elliptic, oblong or ovate, to 30 cm. long, 18 cm. wide, puberulous, glabrescent; petiole to 6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Inflorescences terminal cymose clusters; flowers bisexual or possibly unisexual; peduncle ± 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Liane, straggling or scandent shrub or small tree 1.5–6(–12) m. tall; bark dark, lenticellate; branches at first densely covered with ferruginous stellate hairs, later glabrescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Leaf-blades oblong, obovate-oblong, oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate, 3.5–13.5(–16) cm. long, (1.5–)2–6(–8) cm. wide, obtuse to shortly acuminate at the apex, broadly cuneate, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, subcoriaceous, glabrous (save on nerves) or sparsely pubescent above, sparsely to very densely covered beneath particularly on the main nerves with long-rayed stellate or fasciculate hairs which often do not appear to be stellate; nerves impressed above and prominent beneath; petiole 3–8 mm. long, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Flowers often with fruity smell, solitary or in 2–3-flowered cymes, terminal or extra-axillary; pedicels 0–8 mm. long; bracteoles ovate-orbicular, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Calyx cupular in bud, with a small triangular opening at the apex, splitting ± irregularly into 3 lobes 4–8(–10) mm. long at anthesis, rusty-pubescent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Petals yellow or greenish-yellow or sometimes orange-yellow or greenish-brown, rather fleshy, subequal, ovate or obovate, 1.2–2.5 cm. long, 0.8–1.6 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded, reflexed, tomentellous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Stamens brown, linear, 3–5 mm. long; connective-prolongation ovate to orbicular, acute to rounded, thin, flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Fruiting pedicels mostly ± 1 cm. long. Monocarps 20–35, cylindric or sometimes subglobose, 1.2–5 cm. long, 0.8–2 cm. wide, 1–10-seeded, not or scarcely constricted between the seeds, apiculate or obtuse, dark brown tomentellous or velvety, smooth or slightly rugose; stipes 1–1.5(–2) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0000415894 morphology 28A232AC-FCD8-419D-A535-00E442D2E803 Seeds shining brown, oblong or ellipsoid, 0.9–1.4 cm. long, 6–7.5 mm. wide, 2–4 mm. thick, strongly compressed, widest near the small aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75563-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Small shrub 0.6–1.8 m. tall, mostly rather dense; branchlets at first pubescent later glabrous, greyish and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Leaf-blades elliptic, oblong-oblanceolate or elongate-elliptic, 1.7–8.5 cm. long, l–2.7(–4) cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, glabrous above or with few hairs on the midrib, with sparse scattered stellate hairs beneath, particularly on the midrib, at length almost glabrous; petioles 2–4 mm. long, stellate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Flowers moderate in size, globular, apparently never fully opening, scented, solitary, extra-axillary; pedicels 1–1.8 cm. long, with rather sparse stellate hairs; bracteoles elliptic or linear, 1.5–5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Sepals broadly ovate, 4–6 mm. long and wide, acute, free or even slightly contracted where they join the 5 mm. diameter receptacle, not covering the bud, covered outside with scattered stellate hairs and also often woolly pubescent at the apex and on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Petals cream-coloured or butter-yellow or sometimes greenish, waxy, orbicular, 1.2–1.6 cm. long, 1–1.4 cm. wide, convex, rounded, rather stiffly fleshy, the margins slightly ciliate but otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Stamens broadly cuneate, 2 mm. long; connective-prolongation obliquely truncate-capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Carpels with style geniculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Fruiting pedicels 1–3.8 cm. long; monocarps green at first then red, 7–20, globose, 0.8–1.2 cm. in diameter or transversely ovoid, 0.9 × 1.2 cm., 1–2-seeded, not in any way constricted between the seeds, at first very sparsely stellate hairy, later glabrous, microscopically granular or almost smooth; stipes exceeding the monocarps, or at least as long, 0.5–1.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Seeds pale orange-brown, not shining, subglobose, 7 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide; hilar aperture small, squarish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066187 morphology 407FE887-AE88-489E-8BEF-90FE47C3D9E1 Fig. 2/4, p. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75648-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Scrambling shrub, small tree or more usually a liane, 1.2–2.4(–several) m. long or tall; young shoots dark, flexuous, almost or quite glabrous, later grey-brown or purple-brown, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Leaf-blades oblong, oblong-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 1–14 cm. long, 0.7–5.8 cm. wide, obtuse, acute or somewhat acuminate at the apex, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, slightly coriaceous, deep shiny green, glabrous save for a very few small hairs beneath when very young; venation closely reticulate, slightly prominent on both surfaces; petiole 3 mm, long, channelled, with a few ferruginous hairs; minute axillary buds are densely ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Flowers more or less leaf-opposed, solitary; peduncle short; pedicels 0.8–1.8 cm. long,rugulose, glabrous or pubescent with scattered ferruginous stellate hairs or velvety; bracteoles oblong, 2–3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, very soon deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Sepals almost hemispherical or very broadly ovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, obtuse, free, not covering the petals in bud, sparsely to rather densely covered with stellate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Petals butter-yellow, outer more or less round, the inner narrower and more oblong, clawed, 0.9–1.5 cm. in diameter, very rounded at apex, not markedly fleshy, velvety ferruginous tomentose outside, sparsely so inside at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Stamens ± 3 mm. long; connective-prolongation thickened, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Fruiting pedicels 1.2–2 cm. long; monocarps yellow to orange, 8–13(–16), subgloboseto cylindrical, (0.8–)1.8–3.2 cm. long, 6.5–11 mm. wide, 1–8-seeded, mostly distinctly constricted between the seeds or pairs of seeds, mostly apiculate, with scattered stellate hairs or more or less glabrous, finely rugulose; stipes 0.4–1.3 cm. long, often pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Seeds brown, somewhat shining, if 2 to a constriction then approximately semi-globular, with a strongly convex surface and a more or less flat surface, but often quite ovoid, not flattened, 8 mm. long, 6–7 mm. wide, 4–5.5 mm. thick; hilum elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066238 morphology 86EADB9B-6657-456B-8DBD-F611E43E236E Fig. 2/1, p. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75922-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Climbing shrub; branchlets slender, dark blackish-purple, rugulope, densely spotted with white lenticels, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Only young foliage has been examined; leaf-blade elliptic, 3–4.3 cm. long, 1.6–2.3 cm. wide, rounded ? to acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, almost glabrous; petiole 2–4 mm. long with a very few golden stellate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Flowers solitary, extra-axillary, “yellow and red”; pedicels slender, 0.8–1.3 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Sepals triangular or triangular-reniform, free, 3–3.5 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide, margins puberulous and sometimes with scattered stellate hairs outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Petals broadly elliptic, outer 8–9 mm. long, 7–8 mm. wide, inner with lamina 7 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, concave, and a distinct claw 2.5–3 mm. long which is tucked in right by the side of the stamens, sparsely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Stamens 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Carpels 6, 2–2.5 mm. long, pubescent; stigma ample, oblique. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001066239 morphology C8312CA7-093D-4641-BBC6-A719403ADF2A Fruit not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75647-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Much-branched aromatic shrub, small tree or liane 1.8–9 m. long or tall; branchlets with rather coarse granular stellate and often simple hairs when young, later glabrescent or glabrous, blackish, wrinkled and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Leaf-blades oblanceolate, obovate or oblong, (0.7–)3–8(–12) cm. long, (0.5–)1.3–3.9(–4.9) cm. wide, mostly distinctly acuminate at the apex or less often obtuse, rounded or more usually cordate at the base, somewhat coriaceous, above mostly deep green and sparsely pubescent with simple or stellate hairs or glabrous save on midrib, sparsely to densely covered with coarse openly spaced ferruginous stellate hairs beneath and with simple hairs on the nerves, rarely glabrous beneath; lateral nerves slightly impressed above; venation reticulate, usually prominent on both surfaces; petiole l–2.5(–4) cm. long, stellate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Flowers terminal or extra-axillary, solitary or in 2-flowered cymes, hanging; peduncle ± 2–3 mm. long; pedicels0.5–2 cm. long, stellate-tomentose; bracts oblong, 2–3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; bracteoles minute, 1 mm. long, soon deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Sepals ovate or ovate-triangular, 4–6 mm. long and wide, obtuse to acute, shortly united at the base, often remaining as a loose persistent collar, completely covering the petals in bud, pubescent with coarse ferruginous stellate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Petals white or yellow, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subequal, 0.6–1.3 cm. long, 3–6 mm. wide, acute or obtuse, thin or slightly fleshy, puberulous on both surfaces with stellate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Stamens ± 1 mm. long; connective-prolongation broadened, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Carpels mostly 20–25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Fruiting pedicels 1–2 cm. long; monocarps orange, 5–15, globose or ovoid, 0.8–1.6 cm. long and wide, l–4(–?6)-seeded, not constricted between the seeds, obtuse, densely tomentose with ferruginous or brown hairs, rugose or verrucose; stipes 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Seeds shining brown, irregularly compressed-ovoid or shaped like the segment of an orange, 7–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, 3–4 mm. thick, usually with at least one sharp angle, with a paler irregularly quadrate arillar collar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001065775 morphology 3AFD4505-66EF-4C01-8564-C53EB7FB5B84 Fig. 2/2, p. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75552-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A A small shrub 0.9–2 m. tall or sometimes scrambling to about 8 m.; young branchlets with rather coarse ferruginous hairs but glabrous when older, ridged, purplish-grey, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Leaf-blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 2.7–10.5(–12) cm. long, (2–)3–5(–7) cm. wide, obtuse, rounded or slightly emarginate at the apex, rounded or cordate at the base, coriaceous, mostly bluish- or greyish-green and glabrous above save for a few hairs on the impressed midrib, finely pubescent beneath with small stellate hairs and also some larger ferruginous stellate hairs when young, but almost or quiteglabrous when old; main nerves mostly impressed above and slightly-prominent beneath, but often flat and with the venation mostly obscure; petiole 2–5 mm. long, channelled, stellate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Flowers rather large, up to 7.5 cm. in diameter, terminal or leaf-opposed, solitary; pedicels 0–3 mm. long, tomentose with pale brown or ferruginous stellate hairs; bracteoles lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, 2–4; mm. wide, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Sepals ovate, 6–7 mm. long, 6.5 mm. wide, obtuse or acute, united at the base for up to a third of their length, entirely covering the petals in bud, tomentose on both surfaces with pale brown or ferruginous stellate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Petals cream or straw-coloured, tinged green at the base or all green, obovate-orbicular to narrowly elliptic-rhomboid, the inner sometimes rather narrower, (1.5–) 3–4.5 cm. long, 0.9–3.3 cm. wide, obtuse, rounded or slightly acute, thin, finely tomentose with stellate hairs outside, mostly glabrescent inside save at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Stamens 1–2 mm. long, the prolongation of the connective thick, truncate or rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Carpels 10–20, tomentose, 10–12-ovuled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Fruiting pedicels 4–8 mm. long; monocarps 5–11, oblong-cylindrical, (1–)1.7–2.5 cm. long, 0.8–1.1 cm. wide, (3–)5–8-seeded, slightly constricted between the seeds, sometimes apiculate, densely tomentose with yellowish-fawn or grey stellate hairs, rugose or somewhat verrucose; stipes 4–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Seeds shining brown, variously shaped, mostly slightly curved, with traces of 3 angles or compressed, 7–10 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, 2.5–3.5 mm. thick, shortly divided into connivent lobes at the hilar end. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0001066196 morphology 58EA7313-2A89-4DE9-8AD6-B993513F5F0A Fig. 2/6, p. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75754-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Liane, scandent shrub or small or medium-sized tree 2–6(–9) m. tall; branches at first stellate-pubescent, later glabrous, lenticellate, purplish-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic, narrowly oblong or oblong-obovate, (5–)6–14(–16.5) cm. long, (1.6–)2.5–5.5 cm. wide, obtuse, acute or shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, subcoriaceous, very young leaves sericeous, the margins and midrib ferruginous, the rest with adpressed silvery simple hairs, later glabrous or glabrescent save for puberulous midrib or with very fine simple hairs beneath; nerves raised above and beneath; petiole 2–4 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Flowers solitary orrarely in short 2-flowered cymes, terminal or extra-axillary; pedicels 0.7–2.5 cm. long, ferruginous tomentose; bracteoles not seen, very deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Calyx-lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, 0.8–1.3 cm. long, 7–9 mm. wide, obtuse or acute, tomentose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Petals yellow, yellow-green or yellow-brown, sometimes rose-coloured at the base, subequal, ovate to broadly ovate, 1.2–2.5 cm. long, 1.1–1.9 cm. wide, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Stamens linear, ± 1 mm. long, the connective truncate or rounded above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Fruiting pedicels 2–2.8 cm. long; monocarps 20–80, globose, subglobose or ellipsoid, 1–1.5 cm. long, 0.8–1.2 cm. wide, 2-seeded, not contracted between the seeds, covered with a fine pale brown stellate tomentum, finely rugulose; stipes 3–5.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Seeds ovoid, flattened, 6–8 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0000416184 morphology 7053CD0B-F545-4D3D-BAE7-0F5F5A1BE8F2 Fig. 2/3, p. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75994-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 A large bush or small tree, sometimes partly climbing, or a liane up to several m. long; young shoots covered with small and scattered larger dark ferruginous stellate hairs, later glabrous and grey or greyish-white, with the typical Annonaceous ridging very marked, lenticellate; older stems scarred by projecting petiole-remnants; beneath the whitish granular surface the stem is dark purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Leaf-blades oblong, elliptic or oblanceolate to oblanceolate-oblong, 2–14.3 cm. long, 1.5–4.6 cm. wide, obtuse or very slightly obtusely acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, not coriaceous, glabrous above save for a few hairs on the midrib when very young, very densely ferruginous stellate-tomentose beneath when just unfolding, but when mature with only scattered stellate hairs, these often of two sizes; petiole 3–6 mm. long, stellate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Flowers appearing when leaves are just unfolding or when in full leaf, leaf-opposed or extra-axillary, solitary; pedicels 0.8–1.2 cm. long, densely granularly stellate-tomentose; bracteoles deciduous, not observed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Sepals ovate, 0.9–1.2 cm. long, (0.6–)1–1.4 cm. wide, obtuse or acute, free, densely tomentose with ferruginous stellate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Petals pale to golden-yellow, with maroon markings at the base, unequal, the outer ovate, 1.5–2.5 cm. long, 1.2–2.4 cm. wide, the inner rounded with a broad claw, thicker, 2–3 cm. long, 1.6–2 cm. wide, all convex, obtuse, the outer densely ferruginous tomentose outside with two sizes of stellate hairs, the inner less densely so or with scattered hairs only in the middle, glabrous within or with some hairs around the upper margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Stamens ± 3 mm. long; connective-prolongation thickened, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Carpels 30–40. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066242 morphology 24C05C02-BBD5-4E07-BBDF-00510B65D709 Fruits not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75681-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Extensive liane climbing to tops of highest trees and probably sometimes well exceeding 30 m.; stems up to 2.5–5 cm. in diameter at the base; young branchlets with small stellate branched or fasciculate ferruginous hairs, soon glabrous, brown or grey, ridged and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Leaf-blades obovate to oblanceolate or obovate-oblong, 5–19 cm. long, 1.6–7.3 cm. wide, mostly distinctly shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, not coriaceous, concolorous, glabrous or with some excessively minute hairs on the lower surface and some hairs on the midrib; venation finely reticulate but not very prominent; petiole 3–4 mm. long, with some ferruginous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Flowers solitary, terminal or ? axillary; peduncles 4–12 cm. long, stout, densely pubescent with ferruginous hairs; bracteoles ovate, small, very deciduous (not seen); buds pyramidal, the sepal-sutures raised and wing-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Sepals pale green, ovate, 1.7–3.5 cm. long, 1.8–2 cm. wide, acute, rugulose, free, velvety with brown stellate pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Petals white or pale apricot-yellow, broadly ovate or rounded ovate, subequal, the outer 2.7–4.5 cm. long,2.6–3.2 cm. wide, the inner 2.6–4 cm. long, 1.8–3 cm. wide, obtuse, rather fleshy, finely puberulous with pale simple crisped hairs, obscurely spotted with small black dots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Stamens ± 2.5–3 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide; anther-cells linear; filaments very short; connective-prolongation obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Carpels numerous, 7 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Fruiting peduncles probably very long; monocarps 45–50, unilateral with regard to the stipe, 1–2.5 cm. long, 0.7–1.5 cm. wide, 2–5-seeded, markedly constricted between the seeds on distal side, very densely velvety with dark brown short hairs; stipes 4–5.5 cm. long, slender, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Seeds shining brown, ellipsoid with a flattened face, 1.1 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, 6 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066243 morphology 9D9D8F95-9ADC-463C-9B36-272CD7AE1B47 Fig. 2/7, p. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75649-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Tree 10–15 m. tall; young stems finely yellowish grey pubescent, soon glabrous, rather pale brown, ridged, lenticellate; older stems with rather rough grey-brown bark, fairly smooth or somewhat longitudinally furrowed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Leaf-blades obovate or obovate-elliptic, 3–17 cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, membranous, at first finely pubescent beneath with short hairs particularly on the midrib and margin, later glabrescent; lateral nerves prominent beneath; petiole 3–8 mm. long, finely pubescent when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Flowers peach-scented; peduncles 1.3–1.8 cm. long, finely puberulous with yellowish fasciculate (but scarcely stellate) hairs; bracts elliptic, 5–8 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, densely yellowish tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Sepals narrowly elliptic or ovate, (0.8–)1–1.8 cm. long, 8–9 mm. wide, at length reflexed, densely tomentellous with fasciculate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Petals green or yellow, oblong-lanceolate, the outer 2–3 cm. long, 1–1.2 cm. wide, the inner 3–4 cm. long, 0.8–1.4 cm. wide, obtuse, finely and sparsely puberulous towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Stamens 3.5–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Carpels: ovary 1.8–2.5 mm. long; style 2.5–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Monocarps probably usually about 20, 1.2–1.8 cm. in diameter, not constricted between the seeds, dark coloured when dry, glabrous; stipes 1.5–3 cm. long, rather slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Seeds globose or plano-convex, pale yellow-brown, 1.3–1.4 cm. long, 1.1–1.3 cm. wide, 7–9mm. thick, obscurely rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0001066193 morphology DEC93F56-0CF2-4D45-9D46-DAF8DE84AF25 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73779-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Tree 7.5–20(–30) m. tall, with a trunk up to 10 m. tall and 20–90 cm. wide; bark greyish-white, smooth, fibrous or furrowed; branchlets glabrous, ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Leaf-blades elliptic, oblong-lanceolate or obovate-oblong, slightly falcate, 2.5–25(–29) cm. long, 1.2–6.3 cm. wide, narrowly acuminate at the apex, cuneate or rounded but ± decurrent at the base, subcoriaceous, discolorous, shining above, glabrous, the 10–24 lateral nerves impressed above, prominent beneath; veins reticulate; petiole channelled, 0.3–1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Flowers 2–8 in fascicles; pedicels 0.8–2.5(–3.8) cm. long, glabrous; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, ± 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, very deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Sepals broadly ovateor almost round, 1.5–2 mm. long and wide, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Outer petals erect, green or greenish-yellow, obovate or obovate-oblong, 0.5–1.2 cm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, mostly obtuse, subcoriaceous; inner petals broadly ovate or rounded, 2–2.5(–5) mm. long and wide, concave, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Stamens obpyramidal, 0.75–1 mm. long, the connective truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Fruiting pedicels 1.5–2.8 cm. long, glabrous; monocarps 4–9, subglobose, ellipsoidal or transverse, 1.5–2.5 cm. long and wide, 1–2 seeded, slightly constricted between the seeds when 2-seeded, glabrous, tuberculate; stipes ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Seeds globose or ellipsoid, 1.2–1.5 cm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0000609410 morphology C30E4D6C-602F-47CB-944A-212AD7320BF1 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72615-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Tree 6–12 m. tall, most parts lemon scented; bark grey-brown, smooth; branchlets grey or brown, rugulose, lenticellate, at first covered with silky silvery or ferruginous adpressed hairs but later glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Leaf-blades elliptic-oblong, 8–41 cm. long, 3–12.3 cm. wide, obtuse or obscurely acuminate (rarely retuse) at the apex, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, at first thin, later rather thick, glabrous and somewhat shining above, obscurely adpressed pubescent beneath; midrib impressed above, very prominent beneath; lateral nerves 17–22, slightly prominent beneath; petiole 0.5–1.2 cm. long, thick; leaf-buds with 6–12 distichous parts arranged as in a grass spikelet, very densely and velvety adpressed sericeous and villous at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Flowers solitary or several in fascicles on the old wood; buds at first subsessile, with about 6 reniform imbricate adpressed silky bracts, 0.5–1.2 cm. long, 0.8–2 cm. wide; adult peduncles 1–1.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Sepals broadly reniform, 1 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, obscurely mucronulate, adpressed silky outside, margins villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Petals creamy-brown outside, maroon inside save for the creamy-brown margin, elliptic, 2.5–3 cm. long, 2–2.5 cm. wide, rounded or subacute at the apex, adpressed silky outside, glabrous inside or only pubescent towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Stamens 3.5 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Carpels 50–60, linear-oblong, 5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, densely pubescent, with 10–15 ± uniseriate ovules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Monocarps 50–60, narrowly cylindrical, 4–8 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, 3–10-seeded, distinctly constricted between the seeds, greenish, sparsely adpressed pubescent; stipes ±1.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066144 morphology 7D785F24-F990-4EC3-BBFB-809BF9F10DCA Seeds yellow-brown, compressed-ellipsoidal, 8 mm. long, 7 mm. wide, 5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76022-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Tree 7.5–15 m. tall; bark thin, grey; branchlets at first pubescent or densely silky, later glabrescent, brown, rugose, densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Leaf-blades very large, oblanceolate, 21–75 cm. long, 5.7–21.5(–25) cm. wide, obtuse or shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, thin, red and drooping when young, later chartaceous, glabrous above, at first densely silky beneath, later with dense but inconspicuous adpressed hairs; midrib impressed above, very prominent beneath; lateral nerves ± 30, slightly prominent on both surfaces; petiole 0.6–2 cm. long, very thick; leaf-buds lanceolate, covered with rusty hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Flowers solitary (?always) on trunk or thicker branches; buds at first subsessile, with ± 6 reniform or elliptic-ovate imbricate adpressed silky pubescent bracts 0.8–3.5 cm. long, 1–4 cm. wide; adult peduncles 1–1.5 cm. long, thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Sepals ovate, 3–5.5 cm. long, 3–4.3 cm. wide, shortly united at the base, glabrous inside, densely silky pilose outside, eventually becoming free from the receptacle but remaining as a loose collar about the peduncle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Petals white (?creamy) outside, purple (?perhaps really maroon) inside; outer valvate, elliptic, 6–7 cm. long, 4.3–4.7 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, narrowed to the base, pilose outside, glabrous inside; inner imbricate at the apex, elliptic, cucullate, 5–5.3 cm. long, 3.6–3.8 cm. wide, ± distinctly clawed at the base, hairy only on base of midrib outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Stamens 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Carpels up to 160, columnar, angled, 6 mm. long, 2.2 mm. wide, pilose, with 11–16 biseriate ovules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Monocarps 10–80, oblong-obovoid or oblong-falcate, 2.8–6 cm. long, 1.3–3.2 cm. wide, 1–16-seeded, not or scarcely constricted between the seeds, distinctly narrowed or beaked and curved at the apex, yellow, densely brown tomentose; stipes 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066145 morphology C2C241D0-8351-4857-9F58-6EFC9407D710 Seeds compressed-ellipsoid, 1.8–2.3 cm. long, 1–1.1 cm. wide, 6–8 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76026-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Shrub or small tree, 1.5–6(–10) m. tall; bark grey, smooth; young branchlets brown, rugulose, lenticellate, at first sparsely adpressed pubescent, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Leaf-blades elliptic, oblong-elliptic or narrowly elliptic, 7–17.5 cm. long, 2.2–7.5 cm. wide, mostly acuminate at the apex, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous and somewhat shining above, sparsely finely adpressed pubescent beneath; midrib impressed above, very prominent beneath; lateral nerves 10–14, prominent; venation reticulate; petiole 3–8 mm. long, thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Flowers solitary or several together in fascicles, axillary or on the old wood; buds densely ferruginous silky; bract 1, reniform, 3 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, adpressed silky outside; mature peduncles 1–2 cm. long, ± 4 mm. thick towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Sepals reniform, 4–5 mm. long, 7–8 mm. wide, somewhat acute, adpressed silky outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Petals mostly cream tinged maroon inside or inner ones maroon with cream margins; outer elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 1.5–2.2 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, subacute at the apex, ferruginous silky outside, densely puberulous inside;inner obovate-cuneate, strongly concavo-convex, 1.5 cm. long, 1–1.2 cm. wide, subacute at the apex, narrowed to the base, ± glabrous inside save at margins, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Stamens 1.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Carpels 7–20, sub-cylindric, 7–angled, 2 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, adpressed pilose with ±11 biseriate ovules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Monocarps 7–20, ellipsoid or oblong, 1.6–4.5 cm. long, 1.3–2 cm. wide, obtuse, at first green and puberulous, later dull orange and glabrous, 2–9(–12)-seeded, not constricted between the seeds; stipes very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Seeds yellow-brown, rounded-cuneiform, 1.2 cm. long, 8.5 mm. wide, 6 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066146 morphology FD19C9F7-4D03-421B-A4A9-8F3987083970 Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76024-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Shrub or small tree up to 9 m. tall, most parts strongly aniseed-scented; bark grey-brown; branchlets longitudinally rugose, lenticellate, obscurely pale silky when very young, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0000691376 morphology EC3EAC33-ACAB-4617-8BA7-107677E98C1E Tree to 35 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578486-1 wfo-0000691376 morphology EC3EAC33-ACAB-4617-8BA7-107677E98C1E Leaves opposite or subopposite, paripinnate; leaflets 3–5 pairs, ± obliquely elliptic, 8–20 cm. long, subcoriaceous, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578486-1 wfo-0000691376 morphology EC3EAC33-ACAB-4617-8BA7-107677E98C1E Flowers bisexual, 5-merous, 3–4 mm. long, cream, fragrant, in large corymbose terminal and axillary panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578486-1 wfo-0000691376 morphology EC3EAC33-ACAB-4617-8BA7-107677E98C1E Fruit a 5-valved oblong-elliptic capsule 5–10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578486-1 wfo-0000691376 morphology EC3EAC33-ACAB-4617-8BA7-107677E98C1E Occasionally grown in the Kenya Highlands, e.g. Nairobi, Ossent in E.A.H. 13882! urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578486-1 wfo-0001132683 morphology 51BCBA3D-7C95-4DE4-A354-4AA40C9A1CED Shrub or small tree 0.8–4 m.; bark black; branchlets and leaves shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774433-1 wfo-0001132683 morphology 51BCBA3D-7C95-4DE4-A354-4AA40C9A1CED Leaves alternate, imparipinnate; leaflets alternate, 13–21, ovate-oblong or rhombic-elliptic, 2–6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774433-1 wfo-0001132683 morphology 51BCBA3D-7C95-4DE4-A354-4AA40C9A1CED Flowers numerous in hairy terminal corymbs, 5-merous; petals greenish white outside, white inside, 5–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774433-1 wfo-0001132683 morphology 51BCBA3D-7C95-4DE4-A354-4AA40C9A1CED Berries globose, 8–10 mm. in diameter, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774433-1 wfo-0000453279 morphology 39BE6874-C1E3-4B76-994B-8B484EE6866B Evergreen shrub or small tree 1.5–3.5(–7) m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774441-1 wfo-0000453279 morphology 39BE6874-C1E3-4B76-994B-8B484EE6866B Leaves as M. koenigii but leaflets 3–8 and glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774441-1 wfo-0000453279 morphology 39BE6874-C1E3-4B76-994B-8B484EE6866B Flowers in terminal and axillary corymbs, 5-merous; petals 11–27 mm. long, white; stamens mostly 10; ovary 2-carpellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774441-1 wfo-0000453279 morphology 39BE6874-C1E3-4B76-994B-8B484EE6866B Berries ± 7 mm. in diameter, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774441-1 wfo-0000471294 morphology 17571A73-2841-4B9F-B351-2CB16DCE466C Evergreen shrub or small tree to 5 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774840-1 wfo-0000471294 morphology 17571A73-2841-4B9F-B351-2CB16DCE466C Leaves alternate, 1–3(–5)-foliolate; leaflets broadly elliptic-ovate, 8–15 cm. long, blunt, coriaceous, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774840-1 wfo-0000471294 morphology 17571A73-2841-4B9F-B351-2CB16DCE466C Flowers in narrow racemes 20–50 cm. long, on horizontal pedicels 10–15 mm. long, reddish brown or dark red, star-like, 5-merous; stamens 5; ovary 5-carpellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774840-1 wfo-0000471294 morphology 17571A73-2841-4B9F-B351-2CB16DCE466C Follicles 1–5, some sometimes aborted, strongly ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:774840-1 wfo-0000463744 morphology 3A3AFDE3-953C-48B4-8E26-D017BC536131 Glabrous evergreen semi-shrub 35–100 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775099-1 wfo-0000463744 morphology 3A3AFDE3-953C-48B4-8E26-D017BC536131 Leaves alternate, pinnately compound, 6–11 cm. long, ultimate segments obovate, glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775099-1 wfo-0000463744 morphology 3A3AFDE3-953C-48B4-8E26-D017BC536131 Flowers in terminal corymbs; petals 4–5, dull yellow; stamens 8 or 10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775099-1 wfo-0000463744 morphology 3A3AFDE3-953C-48B4-8E26-D017BC536131 Fruit a 4–5-locular capsule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775099-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 A scrambling or climbing, retrorsely aculeolate shrub; young branches minutely rusty pubescent or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Leaflets sessile, elliptic or obovate or oblanceolate, 3–8 cm. long, 1.3–3 cm. wide, acuminate or obtuse at the apex, entire or slightly crenulate; midrib prominent and occasionally aculeolate on the lower surface; lateral nerves numerous but not raised; conspicuously glandular on both surfaces; petiole 1–4 cm. long, grooved above and persistently pubescent in the groove, sometimes aculeolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Inflorescence ferruginous-pubescent; bracts linear, 0.8–1.3 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Flowers usually in cymose clusters on the panicle branches, unisexual by abortion; pedicels 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Calyx small, with 5 acute lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Petals triangular-lanceolate, ± 2.5 mm. long, yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Male flowers with ovate anthers 1 mm. long; rudimentary ovary glabrous, with a long 5-ribbed style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Female flowers with a very short style and 3–5-lobed stigma; 5 staminodes present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Fruit 7–10 mm. across, orange when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Seeds 3–4 mm. long, dark brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000455337 morphology 1CDFA4AC-7083-42B3-89EB-B55D3B084CF4 Fig 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775412-1 wfo-0000608140 morphology 57059EA2-9D1F-4AC1-8319-02F17B074F37 Shrub or small tree to 3 m. high, with stout spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59603-2 wfo-0000608140 morphology 57059EA2-9D1F-4AC1-8319-02F17B074F37 Leaves elliptic, 8–20 cm. long, 3–9 cm. broad, serrate; petiole short, wingless and not articulated with lamina. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59603-2 wfo-0000608140 morphology 57059EA2-9D1F-4AC1-8319-02F17B074F37 Inflorescence of axillary few-flowered racemes; flowers 3–4 cm. in diameter, bisexual and ♂ with a large proportion of the latter; petals 5, tinged pink; stamens 30–40; ovary 10–13-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59603-2 wfo-0000608140 morphology 57059EA2-9D1F-4AC1-8319-02F17B074F37 Fruit oblong, 10–20 cm. long; peel thick and yellow; pulp sour. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59603-2 wfo-0001133139 morphology DFFB303E-1B4A-46B8-AACB-875074FA8DE4 Small tree 3–6 m. high, with stout stiff thorns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60454758-2 wfo-0001133139 morphology DFFB303E-1B4A-46B8-AACB-875074FA8DE4 Leaflet ovate, 5–10 cm. long, 3–6 cm. broad, serrate; petiole margined but not winged, with a distinct articulation with the lamina. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60454758-2 wfo-0001133139 morphology DFFB303E-1B4A-46B8-AACB-875074FA8DE4 Flowers solitary or clustered, axillary, 3.8–5 cm. in diameter; petals pink in bud, on opening white above and purplish below; stamens 20–40; ovary 8–10-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60454758-2 wfo-0001133139 morphology DFFB303E-1B4A-46B8-AACB-875074FA8DE4 Fruit oval with terminal nipple, 5–10 cm. long; peel rather thick and pale yellow, adherent; pulp sour. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60454758-2 wfo-0000608030 morphology B047E411-54CB-4823-B5EA-3CE0CD516B63 A spiny spreading tree 5–15 m. high; branchlets pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771914-1 wfo-0000608030 morphology B047E411-54CB-4823-B5EA-3CE0CD516B63 Leaves with broadly winged petioles; lamina ovate to elliptic, 5–20 cm. long, 2–12 cm. broad; midrib often pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771914-1 wfo-0000608030 morphology B047E411-54CB-4823-B5EA-3CE0CD516B63 Flowers single or in clusters, 3–7 cm. in diameter; petals cream; stamens 20–25; ovary 11–16-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771914-1 wfo-0000608030 morphology B047E411-54CB-4823-B5EA-3CE0CD516B63 Fruit globose or pear-shaped, 10–30 cm. in diameter, peel thick and often yellowish; pulp pale yellow or pink, sweet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771914-1 wfo-0001242547 morphology 7BC26D22-EA3B-4024-8966-9DF24020D2CE A spreading tree 10–15 m. high; twigs glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772019-1 wfo-0001242547 morphology 7BC26D22-EA3B-4024-8966-9DF24020D2CE Leaves smaller than Pomelo, pale green when young; petiole rather broadly winged; lamina ovate, often crenulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772019-1 wfo-0001242547 morphology 7BC26D22-EA3B-4024-8966-9DF24020D2CE Flowers single or in clusters, axillary, 4–5 cm. in diameter; petals usually 5, white; stamens 20–25; ovary 12–14-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772019-1 wfo-0001242547 morphology 7BC26D22-EA3B-4024-8966-9DF24020D2CE Fruit globose, 8–15 cm. in diameter; rind thin and greenish or pale yellow; pulp mildly bitter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772019-1 wfo-0000607909 morphology 50071110-CBE1-41B1-ABE1-F204EBE01E0F Tree up to 10 m. high, with slender thorns; stem glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59600-2 wfo-0000607909 morphology 50071110-CBE1-41B1-ABE1-F204EBE01E0F Leaflet ovate or elliptic, 7–10 cm. long, 4–7 cm. broad; petiole 2–3 cm. long, rather broadly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59600-2 wfo-0000607909 morphology 50071110-CBE1-41B1-ABE1-F204EBE01E0F Flowers axillary, large, white, with only 5–12% staminate; stamens 20–25; ovary 10–12-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59600-2 wfo-0000607909 morphology 50071110-CBE1-41B1-ABE1-F204EBE01E0F Fruit subglobose, ± 7 cm. in diameter; peel thick, rough, strongly aromatic, often orange-red at maturity; pulp very sour and bitter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:59600-2 wfo-0000608241 morphology ED1C5768-9D7F-492E-AD77-3DDED9AC9B07 A small tree 2–8 m. high, sometimes spiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772038-1 wfo-0000608241 morphology ED1C5768-9D7F-492E-AD77-3DDED9AC9B07 Leaflet ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 4–8 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. broad, margin usually crenate; petiole narrowly winged or margined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772038-1 wfo-0000608241 morphology ED1C5768-9D7F-492E-AD77-3DDED9AC9B07 Flowers axillary, 15–25 mm. in diameter; petals 5, white; stamens ± 20; ovary 10–15-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772038-1 wfo-0000608241 morphology ED1C5768-9D7F-492E-AD77-3DDED9AC9B07 Fruit depressed-globose, 5–8 cm. in diameter, peel thin and loose, yellow or orange-red; pulp sweet and juicy, orange in colour. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772038-1 wfo-0001249323 morphology 0418A5E7-E15A-446E-8380-978653F7E529 Tree 6–12 m. high; twigs angled when young, often with stout spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772052-1 wfo-0001249323 morphology 0418A5E7-E15A-446E-8380-978653F7E529 Leaflet ovate or ovate-elliptic, 5–15 cm. long, 2–8 cm. broad, glabrous; petiole 1–2.5 cm. long, narrowly winged, articulated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772052-1 wfo-0001249323 morphology 0418A5E7-E15A-446E-8380-978653F7E529 Flowers single or in small axillary racemes, 2–3 cm. in diameter; petals usually 5, white; stamens 20–25, united into groups; ovary 10–14-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772052-1 wfo-0001249323 morphology 0418A5E7-E15A-446E-8380-978653F7E529 Fruit with peel to 5 mm. thick, tightly adherent, orange or sometimes remaining green; pulp sweet or subacid, juicy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772052-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Deciduous spiny shrub or small tree 2–4(–7) m. high; bark dark grey and glabrous; branches terete; spines solitary or paired and axillary, 2–3.5 cm. long, straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Leaves 1(–2–3)-foliolate, alternate; petiole 5–18 mm. long, grooved above towards the lamina; lamina elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, 7–17 cm. long, 3–6.5 cm. broad, acuminate or acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, irregularly crenulate along the margin, semicoriaceous, glabrous; midrib prominent beneath especially towards the petiole; lateral nerves 7–10 pairs; pellucid glands numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Inflorescence of axillary panicles 2–5 cm. long, irregularly shortly branched; bracts present in pairs at the base of a pedicel, ovate-lanceolate, to 1 mm. long; pedicel 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Flowers 3–4-merous, greenish white; buds ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Calyx 2 mm. long, shortly lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Petals oblong, 9–10 mm. long, 7–8 mm. broad, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Stamens 9–12 (3 times as many as the petals); filaments 4–5 mm. long, liguliform, attenuate at the apex; anther 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Disk annular, 5–6 mm. in diameter, 1.5–2 mm. high, lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Ovary ovoid, partially inserted in the disk, 5–8-locular; style cylindrical, ± 2 mm. long; stigma capitate, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Fruit spherical or pear-shaped, 9–11 cm. long, 7–8 cm. in diameter, aromatic, yellow-green, woody, 5–8-locular, each locule many-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Seeds subellipsoid, 10–15 mm. long, 7–8 mm. in diameter, surrounded by a strongly aromatic balsamic resin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000521540 morphology B818452E-07AB-4B76-9F17-3082BBF647DE Fig. 2, p. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770825-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Deciduous tree 6–21 m. high, occasionally branching very low and becoming double-stemmed; bark rough, dark grey or brown; branchlets armed with single or paired axillary spines, occasionally unarmed; spines 1–4.3 cm. long, straight, if paired one is shorter than the other. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Leaves trifoliolate, some occasionally unifoliolate by abortion, glabrous; petiole 1.5–3.5(–4.5) cm. long, cylindrical; petiolule 2–10 mm. long on the lateral leaflets, 12–30 mm. long on the terminal leaflet; leaflets elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, variable in size, with the terminal leaflet always larger than the laterals, 5–14 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. broad, acuminate or acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, irregularly crenulate, semicoriaceous; midvein prominent beneath especially towards the petiolule, lateral nerves 7–10 pairs; pellucid gland-dots dark and numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Inflorescence of contracted axillary panicles, 2–6.5 cm. long, irregularly and shortly branched; bracts small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Flowers greenish yellow to white; pedicels 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Calyx up to 2 mm. long; lobes ovate, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Petals oblong, 4–5 mm. long, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Stamens 8–10; filaments ± 2 mm. long; anthers ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Ovary 6–8-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Fruit spherical or ovoid-globose, 11–13 cm. long, 9–12 cm. in diameter, aromatic, yellow-orange when ripe, with a woody shell to 5 mm. thick, 6–8-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Seeds subellipsoid, 14–16 mm. long, 8–10 mm. in diameter, brown and glossy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000558917 morphology 6D1F51B3-FB99-47D9-A9C8-F48AC2D7B443 Fig. 3, p. 9 urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771466-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Tree up to 20 m. high; young branches, leaves and inflorescences densely tomentose with simple, stellate and branched hairs, soon becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Leaf-lamina elliptic, 6–14(–18) cm. long, 3.5–8(–11) cm. broad, acute or slightly apiculate or rounded at the apex, cuneate to slightly cordate at the base; petiole 2–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Inflorescence up to 15 cm. long, with opposite cymose branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Flowers mauve; bracteoles linear, 1.3–1.5 mm. long, caducous; pedicel up to 20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Sepals ovate, 3–5 mm. long, 1.8 mm. broad, free or slightly connate at the base, minutely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Petals narrowly oblanceolate, 20–35 mm. long, 5–7 mm. broad, whitish or mauve, straight or somewhat recurved, tomentose with simple or branched hairs on the outside and simple hairs directed downwards inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Stamens as long as the petals; anthers 1.3–1.5 mm. long; staminodes longer than the petals, very narrowly oblanceolate, caudate, dotted with bright crimson glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Gynophore 4–6 mm. long, glandular; ovary 2–3 mm. in diameter; style 15–20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Fruit 5-lobed, strongly rugose-warty, ± 35 mm. in diameter, dehiscing from below with the 5 valves remaining attached to the top of a central column. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Seeds black, semi-spherical to pyramid-like, 10–15 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580859 morphology F39CD393-0716-4080-81AD-FAEE97622E00 Fig. 4/1–6, p. 12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771766-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 A small deciduous tree or shrub up to 14 m. high; young branches, leaves and inflorescences tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Leaf-lamina oblong-elliptic, 8–23 cm. long, 4–10 cm. broad, acute to rounded at the apex, cuneate to slightly cordate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Inflorescence a terminal cymose panicle, ± 10–15 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Flowers greenish white; pedicel 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Sepals ovate, 2–3 mm. long, free or connate at the base, minutely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Petals narrowly oblanceolate, 8–16 mm. long, 2–4 mm. broad, greenish white or mauve, straight or somewhat recurved, more tomentose outside than inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Stamens as long as the petals; anthers 1.8–3 mm. long; staminodes slightly longer than the petals, narrowly oblanceolate, caudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Gynophore 2–4.5 mm. long, glandular; ovary 1.5–2 mm. in diameter; style 6–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Fruit 5-lobed, 5–8 cm. in diameter; spiny projections 8–30 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Seeds black, nearly spherical, 1.5–2.5 cm. long, 1.4–1.8 cm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0000580860 morphology B37B861B-D565-4F4C-88E3-8D88EA11B1B8 Fig. 4/7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771767-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Evergreen shrub or small tree up to 5 m. high; bark smooth, grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Leaves with petiole 1–3.5 cm. long, longitudinally grooved; leaflets elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4–12 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. wide, acuminate or obtuse at the apex, entire, glabrous on both surfaces and shining above; midvein protruding beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Inflorescence of axillary and terminal panicles; peduncle usually shorter than the subtending petiole. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Flowers white; pedicel 2–4 mm. long, puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Sepals 0.5–1 mm. long, minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Petals 4, ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Male flowers with 8 stamens, each 2–2.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Staminodes in the ♀ flower shorter than the normal stamens in ♂ flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Fruit globose-tetragonal, 1–1.4 cm. in diameter, densely verrucose, green to brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Seeds 5–7 mm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0001133224 morphology 37DC4137-EBAF-4D3F-8BB1-3729A0E6AE1D Fig. 5, p. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775450-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Shrub or tree 3–22 m. high, much branched and each primary branch rebranching into a small, dense rounded crown; bark grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Leaves trifoliolate or 2-foliolate by abortion, alternate or opposite; petiole 1.5–5.8 cm. long, subterete and slightly grooved above towards the leaflets, shortly pubescent when young but later glabrate; petiolule 4–15 mm. long; leaflets elliptic to obovate, 6–16 cm. long, 2.5–6.5 cm. broad, acute to obtuse or occasionally acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, glabrous except on the midrib which may be pubescent when young, pellucid glands minute and numerous; midrib somewhat impressed above and raised on the undersurface; lateral nerves 5–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Inflorescence of terminal and axillary panicles 2.5–7 cm. long; branches minutely pubescent; pedicel 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Male flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Female flowers: sepals 4(–5), united at the base, ovate, 1–1.5 mm. long; petals 4(–5), ovate–oblong, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. broad, acute, cream; staminodes (7–)8, 0.3–1 mm. long, inserted at the base of the pilose disk; carpels 2, united only at the base and by the yellow discoid stigma, appressed pilose, green in the free part and orange in the slightly swollen fused base; styles very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Fruits ellipsoid, 2–2.5 cm. long, 1–1.3 cm. broad, fleshy, greenish yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Seed 14–17 mm. long, 6–8 mm. broad; cotyledons 2, green and with black glandular bullate dots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0000650051 morphology B4894AC8-0AE4-46C1-BA6B-CEAA71295127 Fig. 6, p. 15. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772631-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B A profusely branched shrub 2–4.5 m. high; branches glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B Leaves unifoliolate; petioles 10–15 mm. long, cylindrical and swollen at both ends; leaflet ovate, 3.5–9 cm. long, 2–4.2 cm. wide, acuminate or narrowly obtuse at the apex, base cuneate, usually drooping, glabrous, with raised pellucid glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B Inflorescence of axillary racemes, flowers in glomerules along the long drooping rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B Male flowers with short cup-shaped and shallowly 4-lobed calyx; petals (3–)4, oblong or ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, greenish yellow; stamens 7–9 (usually 8), 1.5–3 mm. long (variable in length on the same flower); rudimentary pistil with 2 styles, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B Female flower with short cup-shaped and barely 4-lobed calyx; petals oblong-lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, cream; rudimentary stamens 8, short, somewhat persistent; ovary bilocular, each locule 1-seeded, glabrous; style very short; stigma ± circular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B Fruit 6–8 mm. in diameter, unilocular by abortion, 1-seeded but the rudimentary abortive seed always visible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-4000010986 morphology E7D250E7-9772-46DD-A10D-56D8D97F717C Flowers regular, in usually extensive panicles; sepals 5, markedly imbricate, free, glabrous to densely hairy; petals 5, ciliate, scale tongue-shaped, shorter than petal-limb; disk cup-shaped, glabrous (in Flora area) or hairy, sometimes a double ring urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36356-1 wfo-4000010986 morphology E7D250E7-9772-46DD-A10D-56D8D97F717C Stamens 9–30, with long-pilose filaments; anthers rather small, lanceolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36356-1 wfo-4000010986 morphology E7D250E7-9772-46DD-A10D-56D8D97F717C Ovary deeply 3-lobed; style exceeding ovary, 3-furrowed, ± persistent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36356-1 wfo-4000010986 morphology E7D250E7-9772-46DD-A10D-56D8D97F717C Fruit of 1–3 globose to ovoid indehiscent mericarps but usually 1(–2) failing to develop and persisting at base of mature one(s). urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36356-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Trees, shrubs or woody climbers, monoecious or dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Leaves 1–3(–4)-foliolate, often minutely glandular beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Flowers small, slightly irregular, sessile or shortly pedicellate, in several-flowered cymules which are densely or more openly placed along simple raceme-like axes or branched axes thus appearing paniculate; cymules sessile or shortly stalked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Sepals 4, unequal, imbricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Petals 4, spathulate with internal ciliate scale. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Disk unilateral, 2–4-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Stamens 8, placed to one side of the disk; reduced to staminodes in female flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Ovary 2–3-locular, deeply 2–3-lobed, the lobes subglobose, with 1 basal ovule in each; style semigynobasic, 2–3(–4)-fid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Fruit usually red, 1–2(–3)-lobed and seeded, drupe-like, the abortive lobes not persisting urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000001292 morphology DCFD06B6-FC4E-4580-9CEB-7FD694307B4A Seeds straw-coloured, ellipsoid to globose, without an aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36270-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Monoecious annual or sometimes perennial herbaceous or woody climbers, with ribbed stems, some species, including all those in Africa, climbing by means of tendrils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Leaves variously compound on a trifoliate basis: ternate with deeply 3-lobed leaflets, biternate or (not in Africa) many-times ternately compound or pinnate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Inflorescences axillary, each a branched thyrse; commonly with paired tendrils at the top of the peduncle, which may itself act as a tendril urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Flowers slightly irregular; sepals (in Africa) 4, unequal; petals 4, each with a scale-like appendage directed away from the petal, together forming an additional perianth whorl; disk unilateral, extrastaminal, consisting of two variously-shaped glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Male flowers with 8 dorsifixed stamens and minute pistillode urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Female flower with 8 staminodes; ovary 3-celled, style trifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Fruit an inflated capsule with 3, 1-seeded locules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000006691 morphology FC28D865-61DB-400E-87EF-B5C63D7E9086 Seeds black, globose, the hilum conspicuously white, covered when fresh by an aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36316-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Monoecious slender woody climbers, often with coiled tendrils at the base of the inflorescence urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Leaves often stipulate, petiolate, variously compound, the petiole and rhachis commonly winged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Inflorescence an axillary (or cauliflorous in America) thyrse, simple, branched or clustered urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Flowers slightly zygomorphic; sepals 5; petals 4 with scale prominent; disk reduced to little more than a unilateral pair of glands outside the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Stamens and staminodes 8; anthers glabrous; filaments pilose, connate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Ovary 3-locular with 1 ovule per locule; style trifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Fruit a 3-valved obovoid capsule, often winged (not in Africa), sometimes spiny, dehiscing into 3 valves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000028341 morphology 880CE0F6-3FE7-4FAE-A8B4-A22F9CA68B7F Seeds borne on the central axis, black, arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36520-1 wfo-4000013663 morphology 17608BA1-FB0D-415B-80B1-F0AA0380374C Characters as for the family. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002112-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Mostly aromatic dioecious, monoecious or polygamous evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees with terminal buds urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Leaves entire or coarsely toothed; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Perianth absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Male: bracts present; stamens 1–22; filaments simple or branched, arising at different levels from the staminal column urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Female: bracts subtending several ovaries or solitary, simple and 1-flowered; ovary glabrous or pilose and ± covered with persistent ± globose wax-secreting papillae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Bracteoles present in both sexes often forming a small cup in female, persistent and not enlarging urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000024833 morphology F3616565-8F80-4D89-916E-979140A2E945 Fruit drupaceous, either with imbricate succulent papillae or not succulent and covered with wax. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326822-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Erect or sometimes scandent shrubs or small trees, thorny; trunk and larger branches often bearing thorns on short wart-like outgrowths urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Leaves not crowded at the ends of branches, imparipinnate or ternate; petiole and rachis often winged, petiole often with a pair of recurved spines at the base; leaflets opposite or subopposite, ± sessile, subentire to crenate-dentate or serrate-lobate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Inflorescence axillary or terminal cymes, short racemes or panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Flowers bisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Calyx of 4–5(–6) sepals united towards base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Petals 4–5(–6), much longer than calyx, valvate or slightly imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Stamens 8–10; filaments with a hairy scale attached at base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Disc annular, pulviniform or cupular, sometimes inconspicuous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Ovary globose or 4–5(–6)-lobed, 4–5(–6)-locular, with 1 pendulous ovule per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Styles united entirely or free at base; stigmas united to form a capitate, lobed mass urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000016976 morphology 954EB3CA-BAF1-4DA2-813F-BF718C2AC553 Fruit a berry, entire or 4–8-lobed; seeds 4–8, perforated at top. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331645-2 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Trees or shrubs; branchlets marked clearly with scars of old leaves, often sticky around the tips urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Leaves spirally arranged, mostly crowded at the ends of shoots, imparipinnate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Flowers in axillary thyrses, apparently unisexual or bisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Sepals 4, very shortly united at the base, deltoid, acute, erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Petals 4, valvate or imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Stamens 4, alternate with petals, inserted outside and beneath the disc, in staminate flowers usually ± as long as petals, in pistillate flowers much reduced; filaments filiform and often broadening slightly towards the base; anthers dorsifixed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Disc annular, usually fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Gynoecium of 4–8 united carpels, much reduced in staminate flowers; ovary narrowly ampulliform; ovules 1 per locule; styles 4–8 slender, coherent; stigmas coherent, capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Fruit woody, composed of triquetrous mericarps suspended from the top of a central carpophore, each mericarp with the remaining base of one of the previously coherent styles reflexed back over its apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000020037 morphology 05602224-93C2-4D7F-9813-1021A0C6B299 Seed slender, broader and rounded at one end, tapering to a point at the other, slightly curved, triangular in cross section. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38204-1 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Shrubs or small trees, often unbranched or few branched; at least younger parts ± ferruginous pubescent or tomentose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Leaves often ± crowded towards ends of branches, alternate, usually imparipinnate; petiolar base and rachis joints often constricted (in dried specimens); leaflets 5–13, opposite or subopposite, sessile (usually more so towards the leaf-apex) to shortly petiolulate, entire or toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Inflorescence axillary, spiciform or in spiciform panicles, polygamous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Flowers usually in distant glomerules, unisexual or bisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Sepals 4–5, united towards the base, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Petals 4–5, free, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Stamens 4–5, inserted beneath and between the lobes of the disc, free, unappendaged, reduced in female flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Disc fleshy, (3–)4(–5)-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Gynoecium of 4–5 carpels, free or joined only at base, each containing 1 pendulous ovule, absent or vestigial in male flowers; styles 4–5, free urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Fruit of drupaceous mericarps developing from 1–4 carpels of each flower urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000005519 morphology A52841AC-D8F7-49B8-8A88-560C04BC77CB Seed 1 per mericarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331431-2 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Leaves pari- or imparipinnate or simple; leaflets usually with pitted glands in the upper (and sometimes lower) surface; nerves usually impressed or obscure when dry; rachis winged or terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme, panicle, thyrse or umbel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Flowers 4–6-merous, uni- or bisexual or polygamous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Calyx usually lobed or more rarely closed in bud and rupturing irregularly urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Petals imbricate or contorted in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Stamens with an adaxial, usually hairy, scale having a free tip urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Disc annular to subcylindrical, very variable in size, sometimes partially enveloping the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Ovary of 4–6 carpels, carpels free or coherent; style 1 or styles coherent; stigmas stellately spreading or one single slightly lobed or capitate stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000032365 morphology E8E22B05-33FD-477F-ADF4-9F8C8D34B23B Fruits 1–6 from each flower, drupaceous or woody, often compressed, bicarinate or not, sometimes very large. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:38243-1 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Herbs or shrubs from 0.5 cm. to ± 70 cm. high, parasitic on coniferous trees of the Pinaceae or Cupressaceae; plants glabrous, variously coloured from greenish yellow to orange, reddish or black, dioecious; stems with a central xylem cylinder; internodes angled, at least when young urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Leaves reduced to minute, opposite, connate scales urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Flowers generally decussate or rarely whorled on young shoots, 2–4 mm. in diameter urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Staminate flowers with a central nectary; tepals (2–)3–4(–7), bearing a sessile, uniloculate circular anther on each tepal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Pistillate flowers manifestly epigynous; tepals 2, persistent, adnate to ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Fruit an elongate berry, 1- seeded, mucilaginous, bicoloured (separated by the equatorial line), explosive at maturity urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000002875 morphology 61F53194-9DC5-448A-AAF2-83070BFBE893 Seeds usually 1–5 mm. long, ovate-lanceolate, containing a single cylindrical embryo, or sometimes polyembryonic, and with copious endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331362-2 wfo-4000020181 morphology 5F5E3C16-37BB-4434-B149-AD0603DF51F6 Plants monoecious, leafless, often less than 10 cm. high and rarely over 20 cm. high, glabrous except for the inflorescence; internodes often flattened or sometimes rounded, if flattened the compressions always in the same plane urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25244-1 wfo-4000020181 morphology 5F5E3C16-37BB-4434-B149-AD0603DF51F6 Inflorescence apparently a modified dichasium produced laterally at the broadened nodes, the ebracteate flowers interspersed by trichomes; new flowers apparently added to the dichasial units collaterally or serially and forming dense clusters urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25244-1 wfo-4000020181 morphology 5F5E3C16-37BB-4434-B149-AD0603DF51F6 Flowers 3-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25244-1 wfo-4000020181 morphology 5F5E3C16-37BB-4434-B149-AD0603DF51F6 Staminate flowers essentially filamentous, the anthers forming a rounded central synandrium, ± 6-loculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25244-1 wfo-4000020181 morphology 5F5E3C16-37BB-4434-B149-AD0603DF51F6 Pistillate flowers with a short tube giving rise to the tepals urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25244-1 wfo-4000020181 morphology 5F5E3C16-37BB-4434-B149-AD0603DF51F6 Fruits clavate or pyriform. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:25244-1 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Shrubby or elsewhere rarely minute herbs, parasitic on dicotyledons or rarely gymnosperms, glabrous, monoecious or dioecious; branching usually dense and intricate, forked or whorled; internodes rounded or compressed, sometimes ribbed and twisted 90° to form a decussate leaf and branching pattern urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Leaves well developed or reduced to scales urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Inflorescence a typical or modified dichasium subtended by a pair of usually fused bracts (bracteal cup); dichasia sessile or peduncled, solitary or fascicled, axillary, or axillary and terminal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Monoecious plants with central flower usually staminate and lateral ones pistillate, or with all flowers of the dichasium staminate or pistillate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Dioecious plants with staminate dichasia most commonly bearing (2–)3 flowers; pistillate dichasia with mostly a solitary flower in the bracteal cup urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Staminate flowers 3–4-merous; anthers dehiscing by numerous pores urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Pistillate flowers 3–4-merous; style present or absent; stigma sometimes expanded urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000040344 morphology 9C3EC680-D072-4C91-9ADC-2DEB7140A64E Berries white, yellow, orange or red, smooth or warty, pedicelled or sessile in the bracteal cup; style and/or stigma usually persistent in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000304-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Annual or perennial herbs, often forming clumps; rhizomes, when present, short, horizontal or ascending urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Leaves virtually all basal; ligule present or not urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Inflorescence a condensed bracteate spike at the end of elongated peduncles which are often variously grooved or ridged; lower bracts of the spike sterile, occasionally elongated or reflexed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Flowers borne singly in the axils of the fertile bracts, short-lived; calyx of 3 unequal segments, the adaxial hooded and enclosing the flower-bud, the laterals asymmetric and often keeled, free from one another (sometimes fused basally in American species); corolla yellow (blue in at least one West African species) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Stamens alternating with 3 usually bifurcate staminodes divided apically into many moniliform hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Ovary with parietal placentation (in East Africa) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041064 morphology F66A3045-BF20-4E4B-82E0-06134A563910 Fruit a loculicidal capsule. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327087-2 wfo-4000041285 morphology 40B04229-CA87-4800-A8CB-E549C3D91B15 Submerged marine plants; rhizome matted, orange-brown, creeping, monopodial, compressed, rooting at the nodes; erect stems annual, compressed, glabrous, the sterile stems short and arising from the axils of rhizomatous leaves, the floriferous stems terminal or lateral, sympodial, longer than the sterile stems, branched, each branch with an inflorescence urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27873-1 wfo-4000041285 morphology 40B04229-CA87-4800-A8CB-E549C3D91B15 Leaves distichous, linear; leaf-sheath compressed, amplexicaul, membranous, auriculate and ligulate, persisting longer than the leaf- blades; leaf-blade linear, with 3–11 nerves and accessory bundles in between, margins entire or somewhat denticulate distally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27873-1 wfo-4000041285 morphology 40B04229-CA87-4800-A8CB-E549C3D91B15 Inflorescence terminal or lateral, forming erect annual branches, each terminating in a fertile leaf with the sheath containing a sessile, flattened, linear spadix with or without bract-like lobes (retinacula) that fold over one or more flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27873-1 wfo-4000041285 morphology 40B04229-CA87-4800-A8CB-E549C3D91B15 Flowers in two lines of alternating staminate and pistillate flowers on one surface of spadix; anthers single, sessile, of (1–)2(–3) locules connected by a ridge-like connective; ovary uniovulate, with persistent style, the stigmas protruding from the sheath at anthesis urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27873-1 wfo-4000041285 morphology 40B04229-CA87-4800-A8CB-E549C3D91B15 Fruit membranous, cylindrical to ovoid, 1-seeded, indehiscent or irregularly dehiscent; pericarp scarious; seed ellipsoid or ovoid, smooth or ribbed; embryo grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27873-1 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Perianth funnel-shaped, 5-lobed, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Stamens 6–10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Stigma fimbriate, not exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0001237904 morphology 186EF0A7-FA69-47BC-B424-76610942E0B4 Fruit cylindrical to clavate, 8–12 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, ribbed; ribs with soft viscid, prickle-like glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:604995-1 wfo-0000479665 morphology B0844E67-4EDC-42B1-A016-2FFDAEBCE483 Shrub or small tree 1–6(–10) m. tall, with scabrid or pubescent young stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680296-1 wfo-0000479665 morphology B0844E67-4EDC-42B1-A016-2FFDAEBCE483 Leaves ± distichous, oblong-elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 10–26 cm. long, (2–)3–8(–13) cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, scabrid above, ± pubescent beneath; venation pinnate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680296-1 wfo-0000479665 morphology B0844E67-4EDC-42B1-A016-2FFDAEBCE483 Spikes white, slender, 8–15 cm. long, stigmas 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680296-1 wfo-0000479665 morphology B0844E67-4EDC-42B1-A016-2FFDAEBCE483 Fruits obovoid, rounded to tetragonal above, 0.7–0.8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680296-1 wfo-0000479518 morphology 773D223D-FFEA-49F4-9C57-39D5AC4A237D Climbing shrub with glabrous stems producing adventitious roots at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680605-1 wfo-0000479518 morphology 773D223D-FFEA-49F4-9C57-39D5AC4A237D Leaves ovate or rounded ovate, 8–18 cm. long, 6–10 cm. wide, narrowly and sharply acuminate at the apex, cordate or subcordate and mostly asymmetric at the base, petiole 2–4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680605-1 wfo-0000479518 morphology 773D223D-FFEA-49F4-9C57-39D5AC4A237D Spikes cream, 2 cm. long; stamens 2; stigmas 4–5; bracts rounded to obovate, sessile, central. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680605-1 wfo-0000479518 morphology 773D223D-FFEA-49F4-9C57-39D5AC4A237D Fruits sessile, often coalescing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:680605-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Stems to 50 cm. or so; branchlets soon thickening to 4–10 mm. diameter, red-brown to purple, becoming silvery from detaching epidermis and then grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Leaves mostly alternate on long shoots, crowded on short shoots; petiole 1–10 mm. long, glandular-puberulous in the groove; lamina fleshy, oblanceolate-spathulate, 4–25 mm. long, 1.5–6 mm., subacute to rounded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Racemes terminal on short shoots, secund, 1–5 cm. long, densely 10–20-flowered; pedicel 0–2 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Receptacle 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Calyx subentire to slightly toothed, glandular-ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Corolla in bud linear, slightly swollen in lower one-fifth to one-eighth below insertion of the filaments and over anthers near the apex; petals pale greenish turning yellow, very narrowly linear-spathulate, looped near middle, 1.5–3 cm. long, notably thickened only at insertion of filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Anthers 2–5 mm. long; filaments very much longer, pink to red, thickened at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Style as long as petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0001075420 morphology 5C006043-5742-4484-AE5A-FEEFB02F456C Berry bright red, obovoid, 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548807-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Leaves not markedly dissimilar where clustered on short shoots; petiole 1–3 mm. long; lamina usually linear, oblong-lanceolate or -oblanceolate, atypically obovate, 2–7.5 cm. long, 0.2–1.5(–2) cm. wide, basally cuneate, 3–5-nerved but venation often obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Umbels 1–3, axillary, at nodes below or on short shoots, 3–7-flowered; peduncle (1–)3–9 mm. long; pedicels 4–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Receptacle campanulate to urceolate, 2.5–4(–5) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Calyx rim-like, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Petals separate, 2.5–3.5 cm. long; basal part below filament-insertion red, yellow or less often white or orange, S-shaped, 5–8 mm. long, with 4–5 paired folds inside; distal part normally red, atypically yellow, recurving, ± twisted, linear-spathulate above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Stamens red; anthers 7–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Berry red, ellipsoid or urceolate, 9–12 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0000468638 morphology 3D68B4DC-1AC9-45A8-9246-CAF7F8469559 Fig. 2/1–5 (p. 10). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551324-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Leaves heteromorphic, those on long shoots always sessile (except sometimes 1–2 basal pairs) and generally more markedly sagittate or cordate at the base, those on short shoots with a petiole up to 1(–3 inland) mm. long; lamina diversely lanceolate to obovate or circular, 0.8–4.5(–6) cm. long, 0.5–3 cm. wide, rounded to cordate or sagittate at the base, 3–7-nerved, with venation conspicuous to obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Umbels normally terminal on leafy short shoots, atypically 1–several at leafy or leafless nodes, 3–7(–12)-flowered; peduncle 5–10(–17) mm. long; pedicels 6–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Receptacle campanulate, 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Calyx rim-like, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Petals separate, 3–3.5 cm. long, normally ageing from yellow-green through yellow and orange to red, but inland often yellow and sometimes with a redder basal part; basal part slightly S-shaped, 6–8 mm. long, with 4–7 paired folds inside; distal part recurving, twisted, linear-spathulate above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Stamens orange, pink or red; anthers 7–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0001074689 morphology 8005EDB6-4EEC-428C-8D43-9B72DE9ED271 Berry red, ellipsoid, 9–10 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551327-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Leaves light green to glaucous; petiole (0–)1–6 mm. long; lamina variably narrowly oblong to lanceolate, oblanceolate, elliptic-oblong or almost ovate, sometimes slightly curved, 2–12 cm. long, 0.4–5.5 cm. wide, cuneate to rounded or exceptionally somewhat sagittate at the base, 3–7-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Umbels 1–4 in the axils or at the nodes below, 3–6-flowered; peduncle (1–)3–6 mm. long; pedicels 8–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Receptacle obconic, (5–)6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Calyx rim-like, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Petals separate, 4–5 cm. long, pink to reddish orange, usually darker towards the base, but sometimes banded or mottled; basal part slightly S-shaped, 9–12 mm. long, with 4–5 paired folds inside; distal part recurving, twisted, linear-oblanceolate to linear-spathulate above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Stamens pinkish; anthers 9–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0000468636 morphology 30628431-CCDF-4937-8B63-FE7FAF52874D Berry red, urceolate, 12–15 mm. long, 7–8 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551326-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Leaves opposite to alternate on short stems or directly from the runners or haustoria (appearing as tufts on host); petiole 1–3 mm. long; lamina narrowly elliptic to obovate, 1–4 cm. long, 0.4–2.3 cm. wide, obliquely cuneate at the base, 3–5-nerved from base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Umbels 1–2 from nodes of runners or stems, with or without leaves, or on knobbly contracted stems, 2–4-flowered; peduncle 2–6 mm. long; pedicels 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Receptacle obconic-cylindrical, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Calyx rim-like, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Corolla 4.5–6.7 cm. long, pinkish tipped green or greenish blue; tube very slightly S-shaped, 2–3 cm. long, narrow, slightly flared in upper oblique part; lower connivent part of the lobes 7–15 mm. long, with normally 6–8 paired folds and papillose inside; lobes distally recurving, linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Filaments red, at least above; anthers 9–10 mm. long, purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Berry orange or pink tinged, obovoid, 10 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0001075662 morphology 810FDE13-5744-40F5-AD76-051419A87D69 Fig. 2/6, 7 (p. 10). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915369-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Branches smooth, grey, the youngest sometimes purple-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina fresh green to glaucous, thinly fleshy, ovate to broadly elliptic or obovate, 1.5–7 cm. long, 1–6 cm. wide, ± wavy at the margins, with 4–6 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Peduncle 0–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–4 mm. long; bract with a short ovate-triangular limb, 2–2.5 mm. long, ± ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Receptacle campanulate, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Calyx 0.8–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Corolla mostly pinkish red, but pale or greenish at the base, green to yellow around vents (through which red filaments are visible when buds are ripe), 6–8(–9) cm. long; tube 2–4 cm. long; lobes linear-spathulate, recurving about the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Stamen-filaments inserted 5–10 mm. long above the base of corolla-lobes, red; anthers 13–18 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0000667135 morphology D93D212B-5D71-498D-8C7A-8B78E8B5D5FA Berry purple, obovoid, 8–12 mm. long; seed brilliant red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548659-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Plant glabrous; twigs compressed to slightly angular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Leaves alternate and clustered on short shoots; petiole 2–4 mm. long; lamina leathery, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate or obovate, 1–4.5 cm. long, 0.6–2 cm. wide, bluntly pointed or rounded at the apex, basally attenuate into the petiole, with 1(–2) pairs of steeply ascending nerves from a little above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Flowers 2–4 in 1–several subsessile umbels in axils and at older nodes; pedicel 2–3 mm. long; bract obliquely ovate-cupular, keeled, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Calyx shortly cupular, 0.5 mm. long, slightly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Corolla 2.5–4 cm. long, yellow or greenish yellow, with the lobes red above filament-insertions, joined for one-third, the lobes remaining erect, with the tips slightly incurved and coherent; basal swelling 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Filaments inserted halfway up lobes, involute after anthesis, with a tiny rounded or bilobed flap jutting out just below anther; anther 2–3.5 mm. long, with a short connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Berry bright red, obovoid, 9 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, slightly verrucose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075479 morphology 0A78D6DD-8BAF-4057-93CB-20B26C30963E Fig. 4/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969326-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Twigs almost glabrous to densely covered with short stiff spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Leaves alternate; petiole 2–6 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, grey-green to slightly glaucous, linear-lanceolate to elliptic, obovate or oblanceolate, 1–5.5 cm. long, 0.4–4 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, subglabrous to densely velvety-hairy on both surfaces, with 1–2 pairs of strongly ascending nerves from a little above the base or venation obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Flowers clustered in the axils or at nodes below; pedicel 0.5–2 mm. long; bract cupular, 2–3 mm. long, subglabrous to densely hairy with longer cilia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Receptacle 1–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Calyx tubular, 4–6 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Corolla 2–2.7 cm. long, usually yellow fading orange, but sometimes red, opening by a unilateral split; tube narrow, 6–8 mm. long; lobes narrow, recurving and twisted to coiled after anthesis, expanded at the base to form pouches around vents of maturing buds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Filaments attached at the base of the lobes, involute and shedding anthers at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Berry red, obovoid-ellipsoid, 6–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter, verrucose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075450 morphology 2C43F765-2BF6-4909-A340-3C98E99E893B Fig. 4/4–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915322-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Plant glabrous; twigs soon terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Leaves alternate and clustered on short shoots; petiole 0–1 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, glaucous, elliptic-oblong to obovate, 1–5 cm. long, 0.3–3 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, with a pair of strongly ascending lateral nerves from a little above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Flowers 1–4 in subsessile umbels terminal on short shoots usually after the primary leaves have fallen; peduncle to 0.5 mm. long; pedicels 1 mm. long; bract cupular, with a short concave lobe, keeled, 2–3.5 mm. long, ± jagged or ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Calyx tubular, 5–6 mm. long, shortly lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Corolla 2.9–3.5 cm. long, yellow, greenish yellow or rarely red and yellow, opening by a unilateral split; tube 1–1.5 cm. long, with 5 small hairy flaps forming a ring inside; lobes slightly broadened upwards, reflexed from a little above the base after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Filaments attached at the base of the lobes, incurved and shedding anthers at anthesis, with a small tooth in front of the anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001075480 morphology B842D056-BAF7-4A79-8C9C-27748D10779B Berry red, obovoid, 7 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915327-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Twigs slightly compressed, soon terete, glabrous to very shortly spreading hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Leaves alternate to subopposite; petiole 2–7 mm. long; lamina fleshy, slightly glaucous, ovate to elliptic-oblong or oblanceolate, 2–7(–9) cm. long, 1–4.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, glabrous to shortly spreading hairy, with 1–2 pairs of strongly ascending lateral nerves from near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Flowers clustered in the axils or more commonly at older nodes; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bract cupular, 2–4 mm. long, subtruncate or with a short lobe, slightly keeled or gibbous, glabrous to papillose-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Calyx tubular, 4–6 mm. long, slightly lobed, papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Corolla 3–3.5 cm. long, orange-yellow, sometimes green to red on tube and red on lobes, glabrous to papillose-hairy, opening by a unilateral split down to calyx, tube 1.1–1.4 cm. long, with a ring of 5 hairy appendages just below the V-split; lobes remaining erect, linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Stamen-filaments attached at the base of the lobes, coiling inwards and shedding anthers at anthesis, with a small tooth in front of the anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001074875 morphology 364809D9-55A8-4E64-849A-EAB445558079 Berry red, ellipsoid to obovoid, 8–10 mm. long, 5–7 mm. in diameter, excluding the subpersistent calyx, glabrous to papillose-hairy; seed orange-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915325-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Plant glabrous; twigs angular, keeled below each node. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Leaves alternate; petiole 2–3 mm. long; lamina fleshy, glaucous or grey, ovate-elliptic to elliptic-oblong or slightly obovate, 1–3.5 cm. long, 0.4–2.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, with a pair of strongly ascending lateral nerves from near the base or venation obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Flowers clustered in axils or at nodes below; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bract cupular with a distinct lobe, keeled below it, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Receptacle 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Calyx tubular, 3–4 mm. long, slightly lobed, sometimes slightly pinkish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Corolla 2.8–3.3 cm. long, yellow in a zone at the base of the lobes, variously green to yellow-green above and below, opening by a unilateral split nearly to the calyx; tube 1–1.2 cm. long, with a ring of 5 small hairy appendages just below the V-slit inside; lobes linear, remaining erect after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Filaments attached at the base of the lobes, coiling inwards and shedding anthers at anthesis, with a well-developed tooth in front of the anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001075443 morphology 06AD4B9C-EEF8-476F-95B4-67CF14CC1119 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906767-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Plant glabrous; twigs angular to slightly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Leaves alternate, sessile, rather fleshy, glaucous, cordate, 3–5 cm. long, 2–4 cm. wide, amplexicaul, with 1–2 pairs of strongly ascending lateral nerves from near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Flowers clustered in the axils; pedicels 2–3 mm. long; bract shortly cupular, lobed and keeled below, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Receptacle 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Calyx tubular, 3–4 mm. long, subtruncate to slightly lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Corolla 3–3.3 cm. long, yellow, fading yellow-orange, distal part of the lobes sometimes orange, opening by a unilateral split; tube 1.2–1.3 cm. long, with a ring of 5 small downwardly directed shortly hairy flaps just below the V-split inside; lobes linear, remaining erect after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Stamen-filaments attached to the base of the lobes, coiling inwards and shedding anthers at anthesis, with a distinct tooth in front of the anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001230508 morphology 81AD2DC3-3FD4-42B7-8BCC-911D80A7594E Berry red, obovoid, 8 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter, excluding the persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003106-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Stems well branched to 1 m. long; twigs subangular, soon densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Petiole 1–3 mm. long; lamina slightly yellow-green, thinly coriaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic or ovate, 4–10.5 cm. long, 1.5–6 cm. wide, bluntly pointed at the apex, basally attenuate, with 1–3 pairs of strongly ascending nerves from above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Flowers 2–6 in several shortly pedunculate umbels in the axils and at old nodes; peduncle 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bract shortly cupular, with a spurred ovate-triangular limb, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Calyx 0.5–1 mm. long, lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Corolla bent in bud, 1.5–2 cm. long, red at the base, then greenish yellow or white shading to pink or red above; tube flask-shaped, 3–4 mm. long; lobes linear, broadening to linear-lanceolate at tips, reflexing below middle at anthesis and sometimes slightly coherent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Filaments filiform below, thickened and at anthesis involute above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001075045 morphology 12EFFAA1-2D0A-4B67-A837-2C62DC536AF2 Fig. 5 (p. 22). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551606-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Stems much branched; twigs subangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Petiole 1–3 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, elliptic-oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 1.5–4.5 cm. long, 0.8–3 cm. wide, rounded to apex, attenuate at the base, lateral nerves spreading, obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Flowers 2–4 in axillary umbels; peduncle and pedicels ± 1 mm. long; bract shortly cupular, 1.5–2 mm. long, jagged, slightly gibbous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Receptacle 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Calyx shortly tubular, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, slightly lobed, ciliolate, sometimes split by expanding corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Corolla 1.2–1.3 cm. long, dull red, paler towards the base, straight or only slightly bent in bud; tube narrow, 3 mm. long; lobes linear, broadening to linear-lanceolate at tips, reflexing at anthesis and sometimes slightly coherent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001247588 morphology B131958F-E0C3-45B5-86B0-C2806F2D6A7E Filaments linear, involute, 3 times as long as anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003107-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Branchlets velvety pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Leaves opposite to alternate; petiole 1–12 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, green to grey-green, lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, 3–8 cm. long, 1–4.5 cm. wide, narrowed or slightly acuminate to acute or obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, pubescent on both surfaces, somewhat glabrescent, with 4–10 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones sometimes stronger and more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Umbels 8–20-flowered, hairy; peduncle 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–5 mm. long; bract with a subulate limb (2–)3–8 mm. long, sometimes long-spurred. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Receptacle obconic to urceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Calyx 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Corolla 1.4–1.7 cm. long (before lobes inrolled), hairy; tube yellow, greenish or white, 4–5 mm. long, with 5 V-shaped flaps halfway down; lobes free in lower third, red, the upper joined parts grey outside and red inside, inrolled above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Filaments attached to coherent part of the lobes, short; anthers 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Leaf-buds golden or ferruginous silky; juvenile foliage red, hanging. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic or rarely oblong-lanceolate, 8–29.5 cm. long, 3.4–11.2 cm. wide, broadest near the middle, ± acute or obtuse at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, somewhat coriaceous, glabrous and very shining above, obscurely adpressed pilose beneath; midrib impressed above, very prominent beneath; lateral nerves 16–21, prominent on both sides; venation reticulate; petiole 4–7 mm. long, thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Flowers solitary, axillary or growing on the old wood or trunk; bracts 1–2, 3–4 mm. long, 6–7 mm. wide, ferruginous silky; peduncle 2.5–3.7 cm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Sepals reniform, 5–6 mm. long, 7–8 mm. wide, shortly mucronulate, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Petals cream or yellow; outer ovate, 1.8–2.3 cm. long, 1.1–1.6 cm. wide, narrowed at the base, longitudinally 6–7-ridged, velvety brown outside, glabrous inside save at the margins; inner narrower, elliptic-obovate, 2 cm. long, 0.95–1.1 cm. wide, considerably narrowed at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Stamens 2.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Carpels 5–15, oblong, somewhat 4-angled, 3.5 mm. long, hairy, with ± 12–16 biseriate ovules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Fruiting peduncles up to 5.5 cm. long. Monocarps 4–15, cylindric, 2.5–6 cm. long, 1.3–1.8 cm. wide, obtuse, dark blue-black when ripe, with finely raised pseudosutures, at first brownish pubescent later almost glabrous, 5–16-seeded, slightly constricted between the seeds; stipes obsolete or only 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066152 morphology 60441B6A-3E0E-4923-B2F9-0A55F77F24C5 Seeds pale brown, ellipsoid, compressed, 1.1–1.4 cm. long, 9 mm. wide, 5–8 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76017-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Tall tree with grey bark; young branchlets finely ferruginous pubescent, soon glabrous, blackish rugulose, probably with glaucous appearance. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Leaf-blades elliptic-oblong or obovate-elliptic, 16–30 cm. long, 5–10 cm. wide, bluntly acuminate at the apex, narrowly rounded at the base, not very coriaceous, with scattered adpressed ferruginous hairs beneath, particularly on the midrib when very young, but soon glabrous; lateral nerves 9–15; venation not very conspicuous; petiole 6–8 mm. long, thick, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Flowers borne on older shoots; peduncles ±1.5 cm. long, ferruginous pubescent; buds densely ferruginous pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Calyx circular, the sepals entirely joined, ± 1 cm. in diameter, rugulose, ferruginous pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Petals elliptic to ovate-elliptic, bluntly subacute at the apex, narrowed or slightly clawed at the base, ferruginous tomentose on both sides or the inner mostly glabrescent within; outer 2.2–3.5 cm. long, 1.3–1.7 cm. wide; inner 2–3 cm. long, 1–1.4 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Stamens ± 3.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, the connective-appendage tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Carpels 4–5 mm. long, densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Monocarps at least 20, cylindrical, strongly curved, 15–20 cm. long, 2.3–2.7 cm. wide, many-seeded (probably 25 or so), somewhat constricted between the seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Seeds compressed oblong-ellipsoid, thickened one side, 1.6–1.8 cm. long, 1.1–1.3 cm. wide; testa striped with purplish-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0001066194 morphology 5433DAAF-4C56-4655-AB09-E1F7AD0B210D Fig. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74769-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Shrub or tree 2–9 m. tall, often much branched; branches spreading, densely brownish pubescent or tomentellous when young, later glabrous, scarred by the persistent petiole-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Leaf-blades elliptic-oblong to obovate, 2.3–10(–15) cm. long, 1–6.5 cm. wide, obtuse, rounded or emarginate at the apex, cuneate to subcordate at the base, mostly rather thick, glabrescent on both surfaces or often densely to sparsely pubescent beneath, the midrib at least persistently adpressed pubescent or tomentellous; venation raised or rather obscure; petiole l–4(–8) mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Flowers solitary or 2–3 in clusters, opening after the leaves have fallen; pedicels almost obsolete; bracteoles 2–3, rounded-elliptic, cucullate, the inner ones enclosing the bud, silvery pilose with adpressed brown hairs outside, glabrous and rugose inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Sepals ovate-elliptic, 4–6 mm. long, 4–5.5 mm. wide, acute or obtuse, cucullate, spreading, with indumentum similar to that of the bracteoles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Corolla yellow, greenish or cream; tube 5–6 mm. long; lobes narrowly lanceolate, inner whorl narrower with lobes indented inwards at the base above the tube and margins reflexed to form a covered hollow, 1–2 cm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide, obtuse, thin, corrugated, with silky brown hairs at the base outside, adpressed puberulous outside towards the apex and also inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Stamens linear or obconic, 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Carpels 4–6, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Fruit subsessile; monocarps scarlet, l–3(–4), obovoid or ellipsoid-cylindric, or if few-seeded transversely ellipsoid, 1.5–5 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, 2–8(–ll)-seeded, not or somewhat constricted between the seeds, sparsely puberulous with brown hairs, finely rugose or reticulate-rugose, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000721785 morphology C139ED7B-0C6B-4045-9A6E-EC6CD1247B49 Seeds brown, compressed-ovoid, shaped like a spider’s body, 1.2–1.5 cm. long, 6–9 mm. wide, 7–8 mm. thick, with a raised rounded triangular terminal hilum produced into lateral rugose ridges at either side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73714-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Small tree or shrub 1.5–8 m. tall, with grey-brown or black, finely striate bark; young branchlets densely velvety with greyish, ferruginous or brownish hairs, at length glabrescent, ridged, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Leaf-blades obovate-elliptic, obovate-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong, (1.1–)4–16.5(–18) cm. long, (0.6–)2–6 cm. wide, mostly very distinctly acuminate at the apex, rarely obtuse or acute, subcordate at the base, not markedly coriaceous, glabrous and sometimes almost shining above, densely hairy beneath when very young, but soon pubescent or glabrescent; midrib and lateral nerves ± impressed above, prominent beneath; petiole 2–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Flowers with an almost unpleasant scent; pedicels 3–8 mm. long; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Sepals triangular orovate, 0.6–1.2 cm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, acute or acuminate, densely ferruginous hairy, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Petals green at first, then creamy-white for apical three-quarters or more, then narrowly deep crimson or purplish, and thickened at the base, this thickened area creamy-yellow, longitudinally striated and grooved, linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate or narrowly triangular, 2.5–6 cm. long, 0.7–1.5(–2) cm. wide, tapering to the acute apex, connate at the base for 0.4–1 (–1.5) cm., densely pilose outside at base where connate but rest only finely puberulous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Stamens cream, 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Carpels green, 10–22, oblong, 2–2.5 mm. long, usually ± 10-ovuled, densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Monocarps several (probably 6 or so), 2–4 cm. long, 0.8–1 cm. wide, densely velvety with brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Seeds yellow or yellow-brown, 7–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide and thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0000552595 morphology FA3FFF6F-1DE5-4626-B3E2-AAE591C45A44 Fig. 11, p. 49. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72523-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Shrub or small tree 2.7–4.5(–10) m. tall, often branched from near the base; bark dark grey, smooth; young twigs dark, very sparsely adpressed pubescent, very soon glabrous or glabrescent, the stem roughened with anastomosing raised parts enclosing narrowly elliptic depressions. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Leaf-blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, mostly rather asymmetrical, 1.7–14 cm. long, 0.7–7 cm. wide, narrowed to the apex, but varying from obtuse to bluntly acuminate, asymmetrically cuneate at the base, thin, glabrous and ± glossy above save for a few hairs on the midrib in very young leaves, densely hairy beneath in the youngest leaf-buds, but soon quite glabrous; midrib and lateral nerves impressed above in life, prominent beneath; venation reticulate and enclosing very numerous microscopic raised dots in the dried state; petioles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Flowers usually sweetly scented, solitary or in 2–3-flowered cymes, extra-axillary; peduncles (possibly actually short side branches) 3–8 mm. long; pedicels of main flowers stout, thickened towards the apex, others more slender, 2–4 cm. long; bracts lanceolate, 0.3–1.1 cm. long, 1.2–4.5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Sepals reniform or semicircular, 4–6 mm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, sparsely puberulous or glabrescent save for the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Petals at first all green, but later greenish-yellow, yellow, cream, apricot or white, with a broad basal area of reddish-purple inside, very rapidly lengthening as theyoung flowers develop, elliptic, obtuse, the outer larger, 2.1–3.5 cm. long, 1.2–2.3 cm. wide, the inner 1.9 cm. long, 0.9–1.1 cm. wide, tomentose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Stamens orange-buff, 2–2.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Carpels 30–40; ovary 2.2 mm. long; style 1.5 mm. long, densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Monocarps green then scarlet, 20–30, spreading, the apices roughly forming a sphere in outline, (1.8–) 4.5–5 cm. long, 6.5–10 mm. wide, finely rugulose when dry, practically glabrous save for a few sparse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Seeds 1.2–1.6 cm. long, 5–6 mm. wide; aril ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0001066246 morphology 5010B7B0-A0AE-42A6-92FA-E1B9F243D544 Fig. 12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74059-1 wfo-0000549776 morphology 1C8EB973-484E-4E3E-83E8-4C59CF4C2444 Is a tall woody climber which is cultivated in Nairobi (Kenya, Nairobi Arboretum, 10 Mar. 1952, Greenway 8719 !). In Nairobi it forms a shrub about 2–5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72395-1 wfo-0000549776 morphology 1C8EB973-484E-4E3E-83E8-4C59CF4C2444 According to R. O. Williams (U.O.P.Z.: 131 (1949)) a few plants are in cultivation in Zanzibar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72395-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Shrub, small tree or liane 2–10.5 m. long or tall; branchlets reddish-brown, rusty pubescent when young but usually soon glabrous, grey, ridged and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Leaf-blades obovate to oblanceolate or elliptic-oblong, (2–)4.5–ll(–15.5) cm. long, (1.2–)2.2–6.6(–8) cm. wide, rounded to shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous and often shiny or sparsely to densely pubescent above, glabrescent to densely pubescent beneath, reticulate on both surfaces; petioles 3–6(–7) mm. long, mostly adpressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Flowers solitary in the axils of biseriate tomentose deciduous bracts on short condensed zigzag secondary peduncles, rarely on the primary peduncle which is usually hooked; pedicels l–3.5(–4) cm. long, somewhat thickened towards the apex, sparsely to densely adpressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Sepals free, ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, 0.6–1.1 (–1.2) cm. long, 4–8 mm. wide, acute or obtuse, sparsely to densely adpressed pubescent outside, glabrescent within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Petals yellow, cream or greenish, subequal, rather thick, broadly ovate to elliptic, 0.6–1.5 cm. long, 5–8 mm. wide, obtuse or apiculate, sparsely adpressed pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Stamens narrowly cuneiform, 1.5–2 mm. long; connective-appendage truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Carpels 6–18(–23); ovary narrowly ovoid, ± 2 mm. long, glabrous; style cylindric, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Monocarps 1–8, blackish-purple, obovoid or cylindric-oblong, 1.5–2.2 cm. long, 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, smooth and glabrous; stipes 5–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549738 morphology 6601F672-A0C9-471C-9025-C434ED44091B Seeds cylindric or ellipsoid, plano-convex, 1.2–1.7 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, 6 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72360-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Climbing shrub or liane 1.8–4 m. tall or long; young stems pilose with half-adpressed to spreading ferruginous hairs, at length adult stems glabrescent or with few hairs, brown or reddish-brown, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Leaf-blades almost round to oblong, oblong-elliptic, elliptic or obovate-oblong, or rarely oblanceolate, 3–17.5 cm. long, 1.2–6.3 cm. wide, rounded to distinctly acuminate at the apex, broadly cuneate to subcordate at the base, mostly distinctly coriaceous, glabrous and mostly glossy above or midrib pilose, sparsely to densely adpressed pilose beneath; venation raised and reticulate on both surfaces, mostly rather more prominent above; petiole 1–4 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Flowers solitary on hooked peduncles; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long; pedicels 7–8(–15) mm. long, adpressed pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Sepals free or slightly joined at the base, ovate-triangular, 5–9 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, acuminate at the apex, with scattered ferruginous hairs outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Petals green, greenish-yellow or dull yellow, sometimes slightly tinged with purple at the base, outer narrowly ovate to broadly lanceolate, (1.2–)1.5–3 cm. long, (0.4–)0.7–1.3 cm. wide, acute to long-acuminate, mostly slightly constricted above the basal part which covers the stamens, inner narrower, (1–) 1.3–3 cm. long, (2.5–)3.2–5 mm. wide, slightly widened and concave at the base, all sparsely to very densely covered with long and short adpressed ferruginous hairs outside and with only short hairs inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Stamens cuneiform, 1–1.5 mm. long; connective-appendage obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Carpels up to 30, cylindrical, 1.5 mm. long, glabrous, separated from each other by bristly hairs on the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Monocarps at first yellow-green, later scarlet, ellipsoid or cylindric-ellipsoid, 1.3–1.7 cm. long, 0.5–1 cm. wide, flattened on inner face when 2 seeds are present, mostly slightly beaked, glabrous, finely rugose, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549813 morphology 036F8CBF-D641-4172-AE89-91B762518845 Seeds chestnut, ellipsoid-cylindric, 0.9–1.2 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, 3–5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72424-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Suberect or scrambling shrub 0.9–2 m. tall; young shoots densely covered with short ferruginous pubescence, later glabrescent; older stems mostly pale chestnut, ridged and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Leaf-blades mostly elliptic or oblong to obovate or oblanceolate, 1.3–7.5 cm. long, 0.5–4 cm. wide, obtuse or shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, coriaceous, shiny and glabrous above, usually pale green, with rather sparse adpressed ferruginous hairs beneath, particularly on the midrib; venation conspicuously reticulate and raised on both surfaces, but mostly more prominent above; petiole 1–3 mm. long, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Flowers solitary on reflexed or hooked peduncles; bracts linear-lanceolate, persistent; pedicels 3–5 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Sepals free, ovate, 2.5–3(–6) mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide, acuminate, pilose outside, pubescent within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Petals green, unequal, the outer ovate-lanceolate, slightly concave below, the inner ones narrowly elliptic or linear above, broadened and concave below, 0.9–1.1 cm. long, up to 4 mm. wide, silky pubescent save inside the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Stamens cuneiform, 0.75–1 mm. long; connective-prolongation broadly triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Carpels 6–9; ovary narrowly ovoid or flattened, ± 1 mm. long, glabrous; style small, flattened, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Monocarps scarlet, 1–2, cylindric, 1–1.9 cm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, beaked or rounded, glabrous, finely rugose, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549749 morphology FCFA5852-816D-47F0-866C-877252ED3556 Seeds very pale brown, oblong-ellipsoid to almost cylindrical but flattened on inner face when 2 seeds are present, 9.5–11.5 mm. long, 5 mm. wide and 3.5–5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72370-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Climbing shrub to several m. long; young branchlets at first covered with subappressed ferruginous hairs, later glabrous, blackish, longitudinally striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Leaf-blades elliptic (or lanceolate fide Pellegrin), 3.5–15.5 cm. long, 1.5–6.5 cm. wide, shortly to very distinctly acuminate at the apex, cuneate and rather unequal at the base, papery, slightly shining and glabrous above, adpressed pilose with ferruginous hairs on the midrib and nerves beneath but only very sparsely elsewhere; venation closely reticulate and raised on both surfaces; petiole 2–3 mm. long, ferruginous pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Flowers in 3–9-flowered fascicles; pedicels 3 mm. long, pubescent; bracts ovate, concave, ± 3.4–5 mm. long and wide, adpressed pilose, persistent; buds green, conical, slightly angled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Sepals ovate-triangular, 4–5 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. wide, acute or subacumi-nate, adpressed ferruginous pilose outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Petals said to be reddish (fide Pellegrin), subequal, outer 3 very narrowly triangular, (0.9–)1–1.2 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide at the base, acute, contracted but not concave at the base, inner 3 narrowly conical-subcylindrical, upper parts cohering (?always), narrowed into a claw at the base, all very densely ferruginous pilose on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Stamens numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Carpels 18–28; ovary narrowly ovoid, glabrous; style narrowly oblong; receptacle hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549795 morphology FD7DF1CB-7E86-40E0-9087-5CF19B9F090B Fruit unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72408-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Climbing or hanging shrub several m. long; young branches covered with spreading bristly ferruginous hairs ±1.5 mm. long, later glabrescent and black-barked. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Leaf-blades elliptic, ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 3.5–20 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, obtuse or acuminate at the apex, slightly cordate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous and shining above, with scattered long appressed hairs beneath, particularly on midrib and margin; leaf-buds densely ferruginous bristly pilose; venation prominent beneath; petiole 2–3 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Inflorescences mostly 2–3(–7)-flowered, ferruginous pilose; bracts several, ovate, concave; pedicels 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Sepals broadly triangular, 2.5–4 mm. long and wide, cordate, pilose outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Petals yellow-brown, subequal, thick, bristly ferruginous pilose outside; outer narrowly lanceolate-cylindrical, 1 cm. long, 2 mm. wide, obtuse, the inner subcylindrical, 1 mm. wide, all dilated at the base, the dilation 3 mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Stamens ± 24, 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Carpels 12, 1.2 mm. long, minutely puberulous or glabrous but with bristly yellow hairs surrounding the base; style tongue-shaped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549853 morphology 3B6AD527-0806-4D3A-8A1A-B56674732823 Monocarps green, tinged red at apex, obovoid-ellipsoid, 1.7 cm. long, 1.1 cm. wide, pubescent with short bristly ferruginous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72461-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Liane or climbing shrub 3–8 m. long; young stems densely covered with spreading bristly ferruginous hairs; older stems blackish, rugose, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic to obovate-lanceolate, 5–15 cm. long, 2–5.3 cm. wide, shortly acuminate to almost rounded at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, mostly subcoriaceous or thin, glabrous above, adpressed pilose beneath, at least on the midrib and nerves; venation reticulate on both surfaces, somewhat prominent beneath; petiole 2–6 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Flowers in 1–9-flowered fascicles borne on hooked peduncles; pedicels2.5–6(–9) mm. long, covered with spreading ferruginous hairs; bracts elliptic, cucullate, 2–4 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Sepals ovate, triangular or narrowly lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, acuminate, ferruginous pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Petals whitish-yellow or yellow, subequal, linear, almost terete but flattened inside, 6–9 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide above, enlarged at the base and excavated, 2–3 mm. wide, very densely adpressed pubescent with pale ferruginous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Stamens 17–20, cuneiform, 1 mm. long; connective-prolongation truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Carpels 7–9; ovary ovoid, ± 1 mm. long, more or less compressed, glabrous; styles ellipsoid-oblong, ± 1 mm. long, curved; receptacle hirsute between the carpels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Monocarps green, later red, ellipsoid to ellipsoid-globose, (1–) 1.3–1.9 cm. long, (0.6–)0.8–l.3(–2) cm. wide, rounded at the apex, 1–2-seeded, glabrescent or sparsely pubescent, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549880 morphology 8827799E-EDD6-40CE-A3AE-66FB3134B1C8 Seeds dark, ellipsoid to ellipsoid-globose, 1.2–1.8 cm. long, 9–10 mm. wide, 6.5–7.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72482-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Climbing shrub or liane, sometimes even reaching into the forest canopy; young branchlets densely pilose with adpressed or spreading ferruginous hairs; older stems glabrescent or glabrous, ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic, elliptic or obovate-oblong, 2.5–20 cm. long, 1.3–7 cm. wide, subacute or acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, thin to mostly subcoriaceous, somewhat shining and glabrous above, adpressed pilose beneath with ferruginous hairs, sometimes only on the nerves or less often almost glabrous; very young leaves densely ferruginous silky; venation reticulate and raised on both surfaces; petioles 3–4 mm. long, pilose or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Flowers 3-many (sometimes up to 15 arranged distichously) in often very dense inflorescences up to 3.5 cm. wide, densely ferruginous hairy, borne on hooked peduncles; pedicels 3–6 mm. long, pubescent; bracts numerous, ± 2–3 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Sepals ovate-triangular, 2.5–4 mm. long and wide, acute or acuminate, shortly pilose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Petals reddish, rose, whitish or yellowish, subequal, cylindrical, subcylindrical or narrowly lanceolate, 3–9 mm. long, 0.5–2 mm. wide, widened and concave at the base, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, densely adpressed silky pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Stamens cuneiform, 0.7–1 mm. long; connective-prolongation truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Carpels 7–15; ovary ovoid, ± 1 mm. long, first appearing glabrous but soon developing spreading ferruginous hairs; styles ellipsoid-oblong, curved, 0.7 mm. long, papillate; receptacle hairy between the carpels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Monocarps red, ellipsoid, 1.2–1.9 cm. long, 0.7–1.1 cm. wide, rounded, finely rugulose and pubescent with adpressed ferruginous hairs, 1–2-seeded, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549798 morphology B564C275-792C-409F-90B9-9E2BE0E743BF Seeds dark chestnut, ellipsoid, 1.3 cm. long, 9 mm. wide and thick, shining, finely rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72411-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Liane, shrub or small tree l.5–6(–12) m. long or tall; young branchlets sparsely adpressed ferruginous pubescent, soon glabrous, dark blackish-purple, ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Leaf-blades elliptic, oblong to ovate or rarely elliptic-lanceolate, 2–16.3 cm. long, 1–6.7 cm. wide, rounded, obtuse or shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, ± coriaceous, shining and glabrous above, sparsely pubescent beneath or at least with some hairs on the midrib, mostly prominently reticulate on both surfaces; petioles 2–7 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Flowers 1–9 or rarely numerous, with the inflorescences forming dense clusters 3 cm. wide; primary peduncles usually hooked, pubescent or glabrous; secondary peduncles very short; pedicels 1–5 mm. long, adpressed pubescent; bracts persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Sepals triangular-ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long and wide, acute, free or somewhat united at the base, sparsely adpressed pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Petals greenish, cream or yellow, sometimes reddish inside basal thickened area, subulate or narrowly linear above, widened and concave at the base, 0.4–1.2 cm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, thick, subequal, erect or ascending, obtuse, densely ± adpressed ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Stamens cuneiform, ± 1 mm. long; connective-prolongation truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Carpels 8–11; ovary narrowly ovoid, compressed, ± 2 mm. long, glabrous; styles spathulate, 0.7 mm. long, papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Fruiting pedicels 2–5 mm. long; monocarps 1–4, red, sessile, oblong-ellipsoid, 0.9–1.6 cm. long, 5–9(–ll) mm. wide, rounded at the apex, 1–2-seeded, glabrous, glossy but finely rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Seeds chestnut, ellipsoid but sometimes plano-convex, 0.8–1.4 cm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, 5–6 mm. thick, shining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549815 morphology E9EDB9D6-D6EB-4F87-A379-7E7AC6C1B8CA Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72426-1 wfo-0000549864 morphology 0CF768E8-679C-4B1A-9F46-2D457C47482C An extensive liane, attaining 15 m. in length, which is exceedingly similar to A. monteiroae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72471-1 wfo-0000549864 morphology 0CF768E8-679C-4B1A-9F46-2D457C47482C Leaf-blades mostly large, 8.5–14 cm. long, 3.5–5 cm. wide, mostly oblong-elliptic, acuminate, thin or ± coriaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72471-1 wfo-0000549864 morphology 0CF768E8-679C-4B1A-9F46-2D457C47482C Sepals triangular, 2–4 mm. long, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72471-1 wfo-0000549864 morphology 0CF768E8-679C-4B1A-9F46-2D457C47482C Petals spathulate or linear-spathulate, 1.1–1.8 cm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72471-1 wfo-0000549864 morphology 0CF768E8-679C-4B1A-9F46-2D457C47482C Monocarps ellipsoid, 2.2–2.4 cm. long, 1.2–1.5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72471-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Tree 6–18(–33) m. tall, with pale grey bark; young twigs minutely pubescent, later glabrous, dark-coloured and striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Leaf-blades ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, 10–21 cm. long, 4–10 cm. wide, often obliquely acuminate at the apex, broadly cuneate, rounded or truncate at the base, somewhat pubescent on the midrib and nerves; venation prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Flowers drooping in 2–6-flowered racemes, very sweetly scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Petals green at first, then pale yellow, with a purple-brown spot at the base inside, linear-lanceolate, (2.5–)5–7.5(–8.7) cm. long, 5–7(–14) mm. wide, minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0001133178 morphology 5AE50CF3-5A90-4509-B3A2-C086DFE57A0B Seeds light brown, ± 6 mm. long, ± 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775486-1 wfo-0001133226 morphology 9E80535D-4140-4EC4-8695-1F05058B95B9 Small shrub with glabrous branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775504-1 wfo-0001133226 morphology 9E80535D-4140-4EC4-8695-1F05058B95B9 Leaves unifoliolate; petiole 2–3.7 cm. long, slender, grooved above, articulated at the junction with the blade, glabrate; leaflet broadly elliptic and occasionally slightly oblique, 14–29 cm. long, 6–8.5 cm. broad, rather abruptly acuminate at the apex, narrowly cuneate at the base, entire, coriaceous, glabrous, dark green, very finely gland-dotted beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775504-1 wfo-0001133226 morphology 9E80535D-4140-4EC4-8695-1F05058B95B9 Racemes axillary, somewhat erect; flowers pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775504-1 wfo-0001133226 morphology 9E80535D-4140-4EC4-8695-1F05058B95B9 Male flowers: calyx small, cupular, 4-lobed; petals 4, much longer than the calyx; stamens 7, 3 long and 4 short; rudimentary ovary pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775504-1 wfo-0001133226 morphology 9E80535D-4140-4EC4-8695-1F05058B95B9 Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775504-1 wfo-0001133226 morphology 9E80535D-4140-4EC4-8695-1F05058B95B9 Fruit ovoid or somewhat ellipsoid, 11–13 mm. long, 6–7 mm. in diameter, puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775504-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Medium-sized tree with somewhat smooth trunk; young branches rusty tomentose and shallowly furrowed, older branches greyish brown and sometimes with lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Leaves generally opposite but sometimes subopposite, trifoliolate; petiole 3.5–6.5 cm. long, tomentose but becoming glabrescent with age, terete and longitudinally furrowed above; leaflets subsessile or with short petiolule up to 1 cm., elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 8–18(–22) cm. long, 3–6.5 cm. broad, sometimes unequal-sided, acuminate or occasionally acute at the apex, cuneate and sometimes oblique at the base, entire to shallowly and broadly crenate, papyraceous, generally glabrous except the midrib which is pubescent or pilose beneath; pellucid gland dots numerous and conspicuously dark beneath; midrib protruding beneath and furrowed above; lateral nerves 14–22 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Panicles axillary and terminal, axillary ones 1–6 cm. long, the terminal one up to 15 cm. long; branches densely rusty tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Flowers clustered, with pedicels 0.5–1.5 mm. long, hermaphrodite. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Sepals 4, united at the base or halfway, ± 1 mm. long, broadly ovate to deltoid, glabrous, hyaline on the margin and occasionally ciliate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Petals 4, broadly ovate–oblong or elliptic, 1.8–3 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. broad, obtuse, hyaline on the margin, glandular punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Stamens (6–)8, 2–3.8 mm. long; anthers 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Pistil densely glandular woolly; ovary 1–1.5 mm. long, bilocular, with 1 ovule in each locule; style very short or nil; stigmas 2, obscured by simple and glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Fruit drupaceous, ± bilobed (lobes sometimes different in size if one ovule aborted), compressed elliptic to somewhat quadrate, 12–16 mm. long and broad, glandular foveolate, pilose or strigose, bright crimson red or brown when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133227 morphology FCFFEBB7-02D2-4CF0-ACEB-5A6299C28170 Seeds ellipsoid, 10–13 mm. long, 7–10 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775490-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Evergreen much-branched tree 7–17 m. high; bark grey; branchlets glabrate, with elliptic lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Leaves opposite or subopposite, trifoliolate; petioles 1.5–5 cm. long, slightly flattened or channelled above, minutely pubescent to glabrate; leaflets elliptic-oblong, 8–18 cm. long, 2–6 cm. broad, acute or shortly acuminate at the apex, slightly curved, coriaceous, green glossy above to paler and dull beneath, glabrous or occasionally with few appressed hairs beneath; midrib prominently raised beneath and slightly furrowed above towards the base; pellucid gland dots numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Inflorescence of axillary and terminal panicles, 6–15 cm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Flowers unisexual, yellow, subsessile or with pedicel up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Sepals 4, 0.4–0.6 mm. long, united halfway, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Petals 4(–5), oblong or ovate–oblong, 2–3.5 mm. long, 1.4–1.7 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Male flowers: stamens 6–9 (usually 8), 2–5 mm. long, variable in length even on the same flower; rudimentary ovary pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Female flowers: staminodes 6–9 (usually 8), 0.5–1 mm. long, variable in length on the same flower and usually 4 short and 4 long as in ♂ flower; ovary glabrous, unilocular; style very short; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Fruit ellipsoid to slightly obovoid, 8–11 mm. long, 5–7 mm. in diameter, glabrous and glandular bullate, dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Seed 6–7 mm. long, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0001133228 morphology F28F4A56-72FE-4E81-AF27-C8B1314B22CB Fig. 7, p. 20. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775475-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Evergreen tree 6–15 m. high, sometimes branching about 1 m. from the base; bark smooth and grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; petiole 2–5(–8) cm. long, subterete, narrowly grooved above, glabrous; petiolules 3–15 mm. long; leaflets oblanceolate to elliptic, 8–14(–17) cm. long, 2.5–6 cm. broad, shortly acuminate and blunt at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, coriaceous, glabrous; midrib prominently raised beneath; pellucid gland dots small, numerous and sometimes inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Inflorescence of axillary and terminal racemes or panicles, or sometimes on older branches, 3–8 cm. long, glabrous or occasionally puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Flowers unisexual; pedicels 2–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Sepals 4, 0.5–1 mm. long, partly united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Petals 4, oblong or ovate–oblong, 1.8–3 mm. long, 1–1.8 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Male flower: stamens 6–8 (usually 8), 2–5 mm. long, variable in length even on the same flower; rudimentary ovary glabrous or puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Female flower: staminodes 6–8 (usually 8); ovary pubescent but glabrescent with age, 4-locular or 3–2-locular by abortion; style short; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Fruit drupaceous, 11–15 mm. long, 8–15 mm. in diameter, 4-ribbed or subtetragonal, 4-locular, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0000420122 morphology 22831298-0112-4955-B86A-4BA34C7E00B7 Seed 8–10 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter; testa yellowish and with a large brown ventral blotch. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775523-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Evergreen shrub 2–5 m. high; branches usually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; petiole 1–6.5 cm. long, longitudinally grooved above; leaflets sessile, narrowly elliptic, 5–12 cm. long, 1.5–3.3 cm. wide, acute or obtuse at the apex, entire to slightly undulate, densely dotted with minute pellucid glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Inflorescence of much branched terminal panicles; bracts minute, glabrous or slightly puberulous, caducous; pedicels 1–3(–7) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Sepals 4, united at the base, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Petals 4, obovate or elliptic, 1–2 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Male flower: stamens 7–8; filaments shorter than the petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Female flower with a 4-locular subglobose ovary; stigma subsessile and broadly discoid; vestigial staminodes 7–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Fruit 4–6 mm. in diameter, 4-lobed (occasionally 2–3-lobed by abortion), somewhat depressed, green but turning black when ripe, glandular punctate; locules 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133109 morphology 6879C80D-9576-4F31-A342-222B94D512D2 Seeds subtrigonal, 2–3 mm. long, black; testa hard and with a white subapical hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775496-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Shrub or tree with greyish bark; young branches, petioles and inflorescences rusty tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; petiole 4–15 cm. long, subterete and narrowly grooved above, tomentose; leaflets sessile, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, (6–) 10–24 cm. long, 4–11 cm. broad, acute to sometimes retuse at the apex, auriculate at the base, entire, glabrous to pubescent especially along the midrib beneath; pellucid gland dots numerous and conspicuous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Inflorescence a congested terminal panicle 6–11 cm. long; branches pubescent; pedicels 1–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Sepals 4, ovate-triangular, 1–2 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Petals 4, elliptic-oblong, 2–4 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. broad, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Male flower: stamens 6–8 (usually 8), 2.5–4.2 mm. long; rudimentary ovary pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Fruit 10–15 mm. long, 8–15 mm. in diameter, 4-lobed or 3–2-lobed by abortion, 4-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133229 morphology A12EBC9F-7718-4FDE-9927-C8D426599AAC Seeds 8–10 mm. long, one in each locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775518-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Shrub 1–4 m. high, virgately branched, with grey bark; young branches tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 5–12 mm. long, terete, tomentose; leaflets narrowly oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, 1.5–6 cm. long, 8–15 mm. broad, emarginate or retuse at the apex, cuneate or acute at the base, pubescent on the midrib and conspicuously gland-dotted beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Inflorescence of short axillary racemes; bracts minute, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Calyx funnel-like, ± 1.5 mm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Petals 4, spathulate, 2–4 mm. long, 0.8–1.7 mm. wide, yellow-green, slightly pubescent dorsally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Male flower: stamens 7–8, 2–5 mm. long, variable in length on the same flower; rudimentary pistil present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Female flower: staminodes 7–8, very short; ovary bilocular, with 1 ovule per locule, pilose or tomentose; style short; stigma peltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Fruit globose, 8–11 mm. long, 5–9 mm. in diameter, pubescent but becoming pilose with age, unilocular by abortion, each locule 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001133230 morphology 820DC94F-ADF6-47A4-8714-A6911FEC0F62 Seeds 5–8 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775527-1 wfo-0001132734 morphology 37B4216A-C470-41D0-8A2D-93E39676F844 Shrub ± 2 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775519-1 wfo-0001132734 morphology 37B4216A-C470-41D0-8A2D-93E39676F844 Leaves trifoliolate or 2-foliolate by abortion; petiole 1–1.5 cm. long, glabrous, terete, furrowed above; leaflets sessile, obovate-cuneate, 4–6 cm. long, 1.2–2.2 cm. broad, obtuse and sometimes emarginate at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, coriaceous, glabrous; glandular dots small and faintly visible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775519-1 wfo-0001132734 morphology 37B4216A-C470-41D0-8A2D-93E39676F844 Inflorescence of axillary narrow panicles 3.5–6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775519-1 wfo-0001132734 morphology 37B4216A-C470-41D0-8A2D-93E39676F844 Flowers green; flower-buds globose, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775519-1 wfo-0001132734 morphology 37B4216A-C470-41D0-8A2D-93E39676F844 Fruits not seen and the flowers seen are small in the bud stage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775519-1 wfo-0001133216 morphology 42B44391-C78D-4CF8-AD42-CCC73CD33C36 Shrub 1–2(–7) m. high; bark smooth, grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775289-1 wfo-0001133216 morphology 42B44391-C78D-4CF8-AD42-CCC73CD33C36 Leaves predominantly unifoliolate (a few occasionally 2–3-foliolate); petiole 0.7–5 cm. long, terete or occasionally winged, pulvinate, jointed and articulate at the apex; leaflets elliptic, 8–17(–22.5) cm. long, 4.5–9 cm. broad, abruptly narrowed into a short broad acumen, cuneate at the base, entire, subcoriaceous (papery), glabrous; gland dots small and numerous on the lower surface; lateral nerves ± 10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775289-1 wfo-0001133216 morphology 42B44391-C78D-4CF8-AD42-CCC73CD33C36 Inflorescence of loose axillary panicles 1–6 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775289-1 wfo-0001133216 morphology 42B44391-C78D-4CF8-AD42-CCC73CD33C36 Male flowers on slender pedicels (1–)3–6 mm. long; calyx cupular, 0.5–0.8 mm. long, 4-lobed; petals 4, oblong, 1–1.5 mm. long; stamens 4–5, 1.5–2 mm. long; anthers dorsifixed; rudimentary ovary pubescent or pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775289-1 wfo-0001133216 morphology 42B44391-C78D-4CF8-AD42-CCC73CD33C36 Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775289-1 wfo-0001133216 morphology 42B44391-C78D-4CF8-AD42-CCC73CD33C36 Fruits ovoid, 12–16 mm. long, 5.5–7 mm. in diameter, glandular-punctate and pilose, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775289-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Much-branched evergreen small to medium-sized tree 4–10(–20) m. high; bark fairly smooth and glabrous to somewhat granular, dark grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Leaves unifoliolate; petiole 5–18 mm. long, rounded and grooved above, jointed almost at the base of the pulvinus; lamina ovate or obovate-oblong to barely elliptic, 3–15 cm. long, 1.8–5.6 cm. broad, rounded or acute to acuminate at the apex and occasionally retuse, cuneate at the base, entire, glabrous, with numerous sometimes conspicuously raised gland-dots beneath, coriaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Inflorescence of axillary panicles or racemes and usually paniculate at the end of the branchlets, glabrous or shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Flowers polygamous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Sepals 4, united into a cupuliform calyx 0.6–1.3 mm. long; lobes small, ovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Petals 4, narrowly elliptic to oblong, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 0.8–1.4 mm. broad, obtuse, yellow-green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Male flowers with 4(–5) stamens 1.5–3 mm. long (variable in length on the same flower); anthers basifixed; rudimentary ovary slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Female flowers with 4(–5) short staminodes 0.5–1.2 mm. long; ovary globose, unilocular, with 1–2 ovules; stigma sessile and peltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0001133217 morphology 917E8B23-18A7-4510-8C52-7D3479C0FB04 Fruit globose, 6–10 mm. in diameter, green but turning yellowish orange or reddish, smooth, 1-seeded or occasionally 2-lobed and 2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775324-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Evergreen much-branched understorey shrub or small tree 2–9 m. high; bark smooth and grey; young branchlets villous-pubescent, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Leaves alter-nate, trifoliolate; petioles 1.5–5 cm. long, furrowed or flattened above, occasionally narrowly winged, pubescent; leaflets sessile (particularly the laterals) to subsessile, obovate-elliptic to oblanceolate-elliptic, 3–9(–15) cm. long, 1.5–3(–5) cm. broad, the terminal one largest, obtuse or acute to occasionally emarginate at the apex, cuneate and usually oblique at the base, entire, pubescent especially on the midrib beneath to glabrous above; gland-dots numerous; lateral nerves 8–14 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Inflorescence of short axillary racemes; pedicels 1–3(–5) mm. long (longest in ♀), pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Flowers clustered, unisexual, greenish yellow or cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Calyx 4-lobed, 1–1.5 mm. long; lobes ciliate at the tips, puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Petals 4, oblong, 2–5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. broad, obtuse, ciliate and usually pilose outside towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Male flower: stamens 4, 3–5 mm. long; anthers dorsifixed; rudimentary pistil up to 2 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Female flowers: staminodes 4, short; disk up to 1 mm. long, pilose; ovary 1.2–2 mm. long, pubescent or pilose; style 0.5–1 mm. long, glabrous; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Fruit ellipsoid, 10–14 mm. long, 6–8 mm. broad, pubescent or pilose at least at the base, bullate or wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455375 morphology 3E05851E-FD8A-4EC8-BBF9-3F8B495B08C2 Seed 1, ellipsoid but with a longitudinal groove, 8.5–10 mm. long, 5.5–6.5 mm. broad, foveolate, glabrous, dark green to dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775332-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Evergreen shrub or tree (3–)5–12 m. high or much taller in rain-forest; bark smooth and grey; branchlets glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Leaves trifoliolate, occasionally 2- or 1-foliolate; petiole 1.5–6(–8) cm. long, terete or sometimes slightly grooved at the apex, usually glabrous; leaflets subsessile or with a petiolule up to 10 mm. long, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 5–15(–18) cm. long, 1.5–4(–5.5) cm. broad, acute to acuminate at the apex, narrowly cuneate at the base, entire, glabrous except sometimes puberulous on the midrib; lateral nerves numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Inflorescence of terminal and axillary panicles 4–15(–21) cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Flowers polygamous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Sepals 4, united into a cupuliform calyx 0.6–0.8 mm. long; lobes small, ovate, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Petals 4(–5), narrowly elliptic, 3.5–4 mm. long, 1.5–1.7 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Male flowers with 4(–5) stamens, 3–5.5 mm. long (variable in length on the same flower); anthers basifixed; rudimentary ovary slender and glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Female flower with 4 or 5 staminodes 0.5–1.2 mm. long (variable in length on the same flower); ovary subglobose, 1–1.4 mm. in diameter, glabrous, unilocular, 2-ovulate; style up to 0.5 mm. long; stigma disk-shaped and peltate, 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Bisexual flowers with 4(–5) stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Fruit obovoid, 6–8 mm. long, 5–6 mm. in diameter, red, glabrous, barely foveolate, wrinkled when dry, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455400 morphology FCF62967-2966-469F-BC35-66449716A25F Seed ovoid, 5.5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775318-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Evergreen shrub or small tree 4–11 m. high; bark normally rough, flaking, yellow-brown; branches glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Leaves usually trifoliolate, occasionally 2- or 1-foliolate; petiole 2–4.5 cm. long, grooved above and often flattened, glabrous; leaflets subsessile, elliptic-oblong, 7–19 cm. long, 2.5–7 cm. broad, somewhat oblique, narrowing towards the apex and abruptly produced into a long narrow acumen, cuneate and usually oblique at the base, rather papery, glabrous or sometimes sparsely puberulous on the midrib, dark green, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Inflorescence of numerous axillary and terminal panicles 3–5(–8) cm. long, pubescent, slender, lax and sparingly branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Flowers bisexual, 4-merous, creamy white, usually clustered on the branches of the panicle, sessile; bracteoles small, scarious, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Sepals partly united into a cupuliform calyx 0.5–1 mm. long; lobes ± 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Petals 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Stamens 4, 2–3 mm. long; anthers basifixed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Ovary globose to ellipsoid, glabrous to scarcely pilose; style short; stigma capitate, 2-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0000455399 morphology 8C6295BC-F6C1-480D-A78E-7B1E176A5CB7 Fruit ovoid, 7–10 mm. long, 5–6 mm. in diameter, glandular-punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775310-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Shrub or tree 3–9 m. high; branchlets, inflorescence and petioles golden tomentose, older branches grey and with lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Leaves trifoliolate, occasionally 1–2-foliolate by abortion; petiole 1–7 cm. long, golden or rusty tomentose; leaflets subsessile or with petiolule 1–5(–11) mm. long, oblanceolate, 4–13.5 cm. long, 1.5–6 cm. broad, acuminate or bluntly acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, leathery, glabrous above except on the midrib and nerves, pubescent beneath especially on the midrib; lateral nerves 6–12 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Inflorescence a terminal panicle 3–12 cm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Flowers bisexual or unisexual, yellow-white, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Sepals 4, united at the base, triangular-ovate, 0.9–1.2 mm. long, pilose or only ciliate on the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Petals 4, elliptic-oblong, 2–2.5 mm. long, 1.2–1.7 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Stamens 4, 2.5–4 mm. long, variable in length on the same flower; anthers basifixed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Leaves alternate, shortly petiolate or subsessile; blade pinnately veined, entire or toothed, subcoriaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Capitula unisexual, disciform, dioecious, in terminal or axillary racemoid or paniculoid thyrses, often ultimately ± clustered or in glomerules; phyllaries in 3 or more series, imbricate, the inner progressively longer than the outer; receptacle ± flat, naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Florets with ± 2-lipped unequally 5-lobed corollas, unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Male florets with tubular corolla tube and long lobes; anthers exserted, tailed; style undivided or shortly bifid; ovary abortive, with reduced pappus urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Female florets with narrower corolla tube, narrow lobes and anthers reduced to free staminodes or absent; style exserted, arms ± oblong-linear, flat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000005215 morphology BBEE2F7E-059B-44A6-9B4D-ACF608F8D17F Achenes ± pubescent; pappus of numerous barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7973-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Evergreen shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Leaves alternate, subcoriaceous, areolate-reticulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Capitula dioecious, unisexual, disciform, numerous in terminal thyrses; phyllaries in 1–3 series, imbricate, subequal, free or connate; receptacle ± convex, naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Florets with ± equally lobed corollas, unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Male florets rather numerous, with tubular corolla tube and 5 short lobes; anthers exserted, tailed; style undivided or shortly bifid; ovary abortive, pappus absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Female florets few, with narrower corolla tube, 3–5 lobes and abortive anthers; style exserted, arms ± oblong-linear, flat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000037586 morphology 84CCD58C-4650-4A85-99C5-D11D0A1F02A2 Achenes compressed, woolly; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11245-1 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Scapose herbs with perennial rootstock becoming ± woody with age urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Leaves all in a basal rosette, prostrate or ± ascending, petiolate or with a petioloid base, pinnately veined, entire to pinnatifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Scapes 1–several from each rosette, sometimes precocious, erect, bracteate or ebracteate, simple, 1-headed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Capitula solitary, terminal, erect, heterogamous, apparently radiate but with all florets bilabiate, the female with usually much reduced staminodes; involucre cylindrical to campanulate; phyllaries ± 3-seriate, imbricate, the outer shorter, the inner ± subequal and with ± membranous glabrous margins, glabrous inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Outer florets female; corolla of outermost florets with narrow tube, radiating 3-toothed lower lip and upper lip of 2 narrow, short, linear often curled lobes, other female florets with short non-radiating lower lip; style branches very short, ovoid to club-shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Inner florets hermaphrodite, the corolla with broader tube and short broader lower lip; anthers strongly sagittate or tailed; style branches short, oblong, obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000015568 morphology EAECA0B3-9F6C-4BFB-A57D-104F06B868F6 Achenes all similar, ± fusiform, apically narrowed or distinctly beaked, somewhat dorsiventrally compressed, 5–10-ribbed, brownish, usually pilose; pappus of numerous barbellate bristles, whitish, tawny or purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331624-2 wfo-4000011499 morphology 6A6E5A0B-F732-4CDA-AC12-479895FB9FF7 Perennial or sometimes annual herbs or shrubs, sometimes with woody tuberous rootstock, sometimes acaulescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8599-1 wfo-4000011499 morphology 6A6E5A0B-F732-4CDA-AC12-479895FB9FF7 Leaves alternate, sessile, serrulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8599-1 wfo-4000011499 morphology 6A6E5A0B-F732-4CDA-AC12-479895FB9FF7 Capitula homogamous, usually discoid, sometimes heterogamous and disciform, solitary and terminal on the inflorescence branches or in terminal corymbiform or racemiform cymes, sometimes precocious in acaulescent species; phyllaries 4–multiseriate, imbricate, at least the outer acutely acuminate-attenuate and spinescent; receptacle moderately to deeply alveolate, honeycombed, the margins of the alveoli toothed, at least at the angles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8599-1 wfo-4000011499 morphology 6A6E5A0B-F732-4CDA-AC12-479895FB9FF7 Florets hermaphrodite; corolla tubular in lower half, narrowly campanulate above and deeply divided into 5 narrow equal lobes; anthers with barbellate tails; style branches short, finely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8599-1 wfo-4000011499 morphology 6A6E5A0B-F732-4CDA-AC12-479895FB9FF7 Achenes villous or setose; pappus of several series of barbellate or plumose bristles or scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8599-1 wfo-4000028275 morphology C2694D9F-F650-4F1F-90C2-29A901382E8A Annual or perennial herbs with leafy stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10405-1 wfo-4000028275 morphology C2694D9F-F650-4F1F-90C2-29A901382E8A Leaves alternate, sessile or with a petioloid base, pinnately veined, serrulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10405-1 wfo-4000028275 morphology C2694D9F-F650-4F1F-90C2-29A901382E8A Capitula solitary, few, terminal on the inflorescence branches, erect, heterogamous, radiate; phyllaries multiseriate, imbricate; receptacle alveolate, alveoli with membranous teeth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10405-1 wfo-4000028275 morphology C2694D9F-F650-4F1F-90C2-29A901382E8A Outer florets radiate, neuter; corolla of ray-florets with very short tube and broad 3-toothed ray; disc florets hermaphrodite; corolla shortly tubular below, abruptly dilated and deeply equally 5-lobed above; anthers strongly tailed, tails conspicuous, fringed; style branches short, obtuse, with a subapical dorsal fringe of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10405-1 wfo-4000028275 morphology C2694D9F-F650-4F1F-90C2-29A901382E8A Achenes of ray florets sterile, flask-shaped, of disc florets cylindrical, prominently obtusely 10-ribbed; pappus of numerous unequal fimbriate scales, somewhat fewer and shorter in the ray florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10405-1 wfo-4000030257 morphology 67B4EBB5-7E5C-42A5-BCA8-A4C198E28285 Perennial herbs with leafy stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325801-2 wfo-4000030257 morphology 67B4EBB5-7E5C-42A5-BCA8-A4C198E28285 Leaves alternate, petiolate or with a petioloid base, pinnately veined, serrulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325801-2 wfo-4000030257 morphology 67B4EBB5-7E5C-42A5-BCA8-A4C198E28285 Capitula solitary and terminal on the inflorescence branches, or in terminal corymbiform or racemiform cymes, erect, homogamous, discoid; phyllaries multiseriate, closely imbricate, entire, glabrous inside, the outer short, ovate, becoming successively longer inwards, the inner oblong, all ± obtuse or rounded; receptacle naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325801-2 wfo-4000030257 morphology 67B4EBB5-7E5C-42A5-BCA8-A4C198E28285 Florets all hermaphrodite; corolla narrowly tubular in lower two-thirds, abruptly dilated, campanulate and deeply equally 5-lobed above; anthers exserted, strongly tailed, tails conspicuous, stiff, fringed; style branches short to long, obtuse, with a subapical dorsal fringe of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325801-2 wfo-4000030257 morphology 67B4EBB5-7E5C-42A5-BCA8-A4C198E28285 Achenes all similar, ± columnar, angular; pappus of numerous coarse rigid subequal barbellate bristles, whitish or tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325801-2 wfo-4000013975 morphology 5B8B6DCE-55AF-4FE8-A42D-AF0D21A57119 Perennial or rarely annual herbs with leafy stems, or scapose and the leaves all basal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8862-1 wfo-4000013975 morphology 5B8B6DCE-55AF-4FE8-A42D-AF0D21A57119 Leaves alternate, petiolate or sessile with a petioloid base, pinnately veined, mostly serrulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8862-1 wfo-4000013975 morphology 5B8B6DCE-55AF-4FE8-A42D-AF0D21A57119 Capitula solitary, few, terminal on the inflorescence branches, sometimes precocious, at first erect, homogamous and discoid or apparently radiate with unequally bilabiate outer florets, these sometimes female-sterile and the capitula heterogamous; phyllaries few-seriate, closely imbricate, the outer laciniate-dentate, the inner entire except at the apices and passing into the receptacle-scales; receptacle mamillate, scaly urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8862-1 wfo-4000013975 morphology 5B8B6DCE-55AF-4FE8-A42D-AF0D21A57119 Florets all hermaphrodite, all regular or the outer unequally bilabiate and sometimes functionally male; corolla narrowly tubular below, in bilabiate florets with broad deeply 3-toothed or 3-lobed ray-like outer lip and shorter inner lip narrowly 2-lobed to the base, in regular florets narrow in lower half, dilated, campanulate and deeply 5-lobed above; anthers strongly tailed, tails conspicuous, fringed; style branches short to long, obtuse, with a subapical dorsal fringe of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8862-1 wfo-4000013975 morphology 5B8B6DCE-55AF-4FE8-A42D-AF0D21A57119 Achenes all similar or those of the ray florets abortive, the fertile achenes inflated, cylindrical, 5-angular, obtusely ribbed on the angles; pappus of a few very caducous flattened barbellate bristles, whitish or tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8862-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Perennial spiny herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Leaves alternate, sessile, often dissected; leaves near the base of the stem larger and wider than those nearer the synflorescences urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Capitula with a single floret; many capitula packed into dense synflorescences, these terminal and globose or ellipsoid, subtended by few bracts; capitula with or without basal setae; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, the outer free, the inner connate at the base, the outermost smallest and often spatulate with a laciniate apex, the inner more lanceolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Corolla white, red or blue, tube cylindric with campanulate distal part, lobes long and linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Anthers long-exserted and with hairy tails. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Style branches often hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000012947 morphology CF5DF49C-9EF9-4044-BE0B-F83DDC17CBC8 Achenes ascending-pilose; pappus of short scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8731-1 wfo-4000006704 morphology 83CFFE58-A64F-440A-8DFE-AB98CA3A7CA4 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330047-2 wfo-4000006704 morphology 83CFFE58-A64F-440A-8DFE-AB98CA3A7CA4 Stems spiny-winged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330047-2 wfo-4000006704 morphology 83CFFE58-A64F-440A-8DFE-AB98CA3A7CA4 Leaves dentate-pinnatisect, spiny urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330047-2 wfo-4000006704 morphology 83CFFE58-A64F-440A-8DFE-AB98CA3A7CA4 Capitula solitary, corymbose or variously clustered, often subtended by reduced, bract-like leaves; phyllaries multiseriate, the outermost shorter than the inner urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330047-2 wfo-4000006704 morphology 83CFFE58-A64F-440A-8DFE-AB98CA3A7CA4 Florets sometimes with corolla slightly zygomorphic through one deeply split-off lobe; anther filaments pilose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330047-2 wfo-4000006704 morphology 83CFFE58-A64F-440A-8DFE-AB98CA3A7CA4 Achenes smooth, glabrous, with an apical rim; pappus of deciduous scabrid or barbellate bristles, basally connate in a ring. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330047-2 wfo-4000008373 morphology AD739D5E-BF17-40D5-B76C-2840774A0EBC Herbs with spiny wings on stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001899-2 wfo-4000008373 morphology AD739D5E-BF17-40D5-B76C-2840774A0EBC Leaves alternate, pinnatifid (in ours), with spine-tipped teeth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001899-2 wfo-4000008373 morphology AD739D5E-BF17-40D5-B76C-2840774A0EBC Capitula homogamous, discoid; phyllaries many, in several series, imbricate, usually spine-tipped; receptacle densely setose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001899-2 wfo-4000008373 morphology AD739D5E-BF17-40D5-B76C-2840774A0EBC Florets hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual, narrowly tubular with a broad, deeply 5-lobed limb; anthers with sagittate bases, the adjacent auricles connate, tailed; style with an abrupt swelling with a ring of hairs just below the branches, these flat and ± connate, diverging only distally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001899-2 wfo-4000008373 morphology AD739D5E-BF17-40D5-B76C-2840774A0EBC Achenes with a raised annular collar; pappus many-seriate, of plumose bristles connate into a ring at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001899-2 wfo-4000035387 morphology 94F98E46-17E4-456B-B089-9D2A15337071 Herbs with basal rosette of lobed leaves, and with alternate entire cauline leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331963-2 wfo-4000035387 morphology 94F98E46-17E4-456B-B089-9D2A15337071 Capitula solitary, homogamous; involucre globose; phyllaries pluriseriate, with spiny margins; receptacle flat, fleshy, densely setose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331963-2 wfo-4000035387 morphology 94F98E46-17E4-456B-B089-9D2A15337071 Corolla with filiform tube, lobes oblique, filaments connate in a tube, glandular; anthers with very short tails urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331963-2 wfo-4000035387 morphology 94F98E46-17E4-456B-B089-9D2A15337071 Pappus 3-seriate, barbellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331963-2 wfo-4000040429 morphology 80A7CB3A-DC2F-47C7-AE81-085A0343ED53 Annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11507-1 wfo-4000040429 morphology 80A7CB3A-DC2F-47C7-AE81-085A0343ED53 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11507-1 wfo-4000040429 morphology 80A7CB3A-DC2F-47C7-AE81-085A0343ED53 Capitula heterogamous, radiant; outer florets neuter, central florets perfect; anthers with flattened tails; style with puberulous, slightly flattened arms, with a hairy ring at their base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11507-1 wfo-4000040429 morphology 80A7CB3A-DC2F-47C7-AE81-085A0343ED53 Achenes pilose, many-ribbed and rugulose between the ribs, with an apical rim; pappus of linear to lanceolate scales, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11507-1 wfo-4000007161 morphology D5EBB1C4-AC83-4030-8068-93D66B775802 Herbs or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330045-2 wfo-4000007161 morphology D5EBB1C4-AC83-4030-8068-93D66B775802 Leaves alternate, usually dissected urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330045-2 wfo-4000007161 morphology D5EBB1C4-AC83-4030-8068-93D66B775802 Capitula solitary or corymbose, heterogamous and disciform or radiant, or homogamous; phyllaries multiseriate, with fimbriate appendages; receptacle densely setose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330045-2 wfo-4000007161 morphology D5EBB1C4-AC83-4030-8068-93D66B775802 Florets with linear, sagittate anthers, with distal lanceolate appendage; style shortly bifid, abruptly swollen below the branches and with a ring of hairs at or below the swelling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330045-2 wfo-4000007161 morphology D5EBB1C4-AC83-4030-8068-93D66B775802 Achenes somewhat compressed; pappus generally double. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330045-2 wfo-4000038531 morphology 83DF066F-58C9-41E0-8AEE-C0B27C9B28C9 Annual or perennial herbs, usually scapose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11319-1 wfo-4000038531 morphology 83DF066F-58C9-41E0-8AEE-C0B27C9B28C9 Leaves radical, less often cauline and alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11319-1 wfo-4000038531 morphology 83DF066F-58C9-41E0-8AEE-C0B27C9B28C9 Capitula homogamous, few to many in terminal lax panicles; phyllaries 2–3-seriate; receptacle naked, alveolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11319-1 wfo-4000038531 morphology 83DF066F-58C9-41E0-8AEE-C0B27C9B28C9 Florets pubescent outside, ligules yellow often becoming greenish when dry, but the inner ones usually much shorter and often brownish; anthers sagittate; style branches short and obtuse, with short collecting hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11319-1 wfo-4000038531 morphology 83DF066F-58C9-41E0-8AEE-C0B27C9B28C9 Achenes obconic, truncate at the apex, finely ribbed, glabrous; pappus setose, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11319-1 wfo-4000038531 distribution 83DF066F-58C9-41E0-8AEE-C0B27C9B28C9 About 20 species, mainly in the Mediterranean region and the Macaronesian Islands. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11319-1 wfo-4000009682 morphology A7463977-C6E8-4371-9984-235784D2088C Perennial (less often annual or biennial) herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000264-2 wfo-4000009682 morphology A7463977-C6E8-4371-9984-235784D2088C Leaves mostly rosulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000264-2 wfo-4000009682 morphology A7463977-C6E8-4371-9984-235784D2088C Capitula solitary or corymbose; involucre cylindric-campanulate; phyllaries unequal, the outermost short and often extending down the stalk, the inner in two series, often becoming keeled and slightly inflated proximally; receptacle naked, rarely fimbriate or paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000264-2 wfo-4000009682 morphology A7463977-C6E8-4371-9984-235784D2088C Florets many; corolla usually yellow or white; anthers sagittate, the auricles acute or acuminate; style branches long, slender urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000264-2 wfo-4000009682 morphology A7463977-C6E8-4371-9984-235784D2088C Achenes lengthening considerably after anthesis, becoming narrowly terete or fusiform, many-ribbed, distally attenuate or with a long beak; pappus of barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000264-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Annual or perennial herbs, usually scapose; stems solitary or few urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Leaves mostly radical, entire to pinnatifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Capitula solitary or in sparingly branched corymbose cymes; involucre cylindric or campanulate; phyllaries in several series; receptacles paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Corolla yellow or white. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Anthers sagittate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Style branches long, with short sweeping hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000018830 morphology CEBCED44-2641-4F15-9435-3B40DC069F75 Achenes beaked, ribbed and often scabridulous; pappus of setae in 1–2 series. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007018-2 wfo-4000037583 morphology 2B660E4C-A625-4F85-9130-155C6C468099 Perennial herbs with a rosette of leaves and a solitary capitulum on a leafless, hollow scape urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328762-2 wfo-4000037583 morphology 2B660E4C-A625-4F85-9130-155C6C468099 Leaves usually pinnatilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328762-2 wfo-4000037583 morphology 2B660E4C-A625-4F85-9130-155C6C468099 Capitula with phyllaries in two unequal rows urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328762-2 wfo-4000037583 morphology 2B660E4C-A625-4F85-9130-155C6C468099 Corolla yellow, rarely whitish urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328762-2 wfo-4000037583 morphology 2B660E4C-A625-4F85-9130-155C6C468099 Achenes fusiform, with a long beak; pappus of barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328762-2 wfo-4000020393 morphology 6A0730AA-9EE6-4DC7-92E7-AD16979B824E Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, rarely scandent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327393-2 wfo-4000020393 morphology 6A0730AA-9EE6-4DC7-92E7-AD16979B824E Leaves alternate or in a rosette, variable from entire to pinnatisect, often spinulose, sometimes reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327393-2 wfo-4000020393 morphology 6A0730AA-9EE6-4DC7-92E7-AD16979B824E Capitula in various inflorescences, generally corymbose or paniculate; phyllaries unequal, in several series, the outermost smallest; receptacle epaleate, with ± fimbriate alveolae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327393-2 wfo-4000020393 morphology 6A0730AA-9EE6-4DC7-92E7-AD16979B824E Florets with anthers sagittate at base, auricles acute or shortly setaceous-acuminate; style branches long with conspicuous sweeping hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327393-2 wfo-4000020393 morphology 6A0730AA-9EE6-4DC7-92E7-AD16979B824E Achenes lengthening after anthesis, flattened, usually ribbed, generally with a distinct beak; pappus of bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327393-2 wfo-4000031103 morphology 218A513D-4BA8-4086-8AA4-BFEF42AD5627 Perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10671-1 wfo-4000031103 morphology 218A513D-4BA8-4086-8AA4-BFEF42AD5627 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10671-1 wfo-4000031103 morphology 218A513D-4BA8-4086-8AA4-BFEF42AD5627 Capitula often in pendent, often elongate, paniculate inflorescences; involucre cylindrical; receptacle naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10671-1 wfo-4000031103 morphology 218A513D-4BA8-4086-8AA4-BFEF42AD5627 Florets with long style urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10671-1 wfo-4000031103 morphology 218A513D-4BA8-4086-8AA4-BFEF42AD5627 Achenes cylindric or fusiform; pappus of stiff, rather coarse barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10671-1 wfo-4000032695 morphology AAD24FD5-F471-4A0F-8FD3-B0B2ED69DB86 Herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10818-1 wfo-4000032695 morphology AAD24FD5-F471-4A0F-8FD3-B0B2ED69DB86 Leaves alternate, the margins slightly spinulose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10818-1 wfo-4000032695 morphology AAD24FD5-F471-4A0F-8FD3-B0B2ED69DB86 Capitula solitary; phyllaries with wide scarious margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10818-1 wfo-4000032695 morphology AAD24FD5-F471-4A0F-8FD3-B0B2ED69DB86 Corolla yellow, proximally pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10818-1 wfo-4000032695 morphology AAD24FD5-F471-4A0F-8FD3-B0B2ED69DB86 Style with papillose branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10818-1 wfo-4000032695 morphology AAD24FD5-F471-4A0F-8FD3-B0B2ED69DB86 Achenes cylindric, usually 4-ribbed, tuberculate; pappus of fine soft bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10818-1 wfo-4000035760 morphology 232B227C-1767-4BF9-819E-AFCC7A5B1000 Herbs or subshrubs; stems erect or scrambling, often hollow urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327341-2 wfo-4000035760 morphology 232B227C-1767-4BF9-819E-AFCC7A5B1000 Leaves alternate, often pinnatifid or pinnatisect; basal (root-crown) leaves smaller urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327341-2 wfo-4000035760 morphology 232B227C-1767-4BF9-819E-AFCC7A5B1000 Capitula in corymbs or panicles, rarely solitary; involucre cylindrical to spreading, often woolly at base; phyllaries in several series, imbricate, the outermost smallest and becoming swollen at base; receptacle epaleate, pitted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327341-2 wfo-4000035760 morphology 232B227C-1767-4BF9-819E-AFCC7A5B1000 Florets many; corolla yellow; anthers sagittate at base; style branches with minute sweeping hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327341-2 wfo-4000035760 morphology 232B227C-1767-4BF9-819E-AFCC7A5B1000 Achenes compressed, few-ribbed; pappus of mixed bristles and fine hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327341-2 wfo-4000020742 morphology 249761D6-E3FC-475B-8999-6E6CF17D8AE4 Herbs or spiny sub-shrubs, sometimes acaulescent, sometimes scapose; stems simple or branched, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9682-1 wfo-4000020742 morphology 249761D6-E3FC-475B-8999-6E6CF17D8AE4 Leaves in a rosette or cauline, entire to pinnatipartite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9682-1 wfo-4000020742 morphology 249761D6-E3FC-475B-8999-6E6CF17D8AE4 Capitula subsessile or shortly stalked, in lax irregular corymbs, or in clusters along the branches; involucre cylindric becoming campanulate; phyllaries in few series, the outermost smallest, becoming swollen and corky, often with scarious margins; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9682-1 wfo-4000020742 morphology 249761D6-E3FC-475B-8999-6E6CF17D8AE4 Florets few to many; anthers sagittate; style branches with long sweeping hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9682-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Style green; stigma capitate, 0.5–0.6 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Berry red, sometimes speckled white, obovoid, 7–8 mm. long, 5–6 mm. in diameter, glabrescent; seed orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075424 morphology C261101D-ABB7-4EDF-8BC3-3DC1AA680627 Fig. 6 (p. 24). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550625-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Branchlets puberulous, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Leaves opposite; petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, lanceolate or elliptic, 3–6.5 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, slightly acuminate to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, soon glabrescent, with oblique lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Umbels 12–16-flowered, sparingly hairy; peduncle ± 2 mm. long; pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long; bract linear-lanceolate, long-spurred, 2–4 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Receptacle 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Calyx 0.2–0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Corolla pink, 1.3–1.5 cm. long (before lobes inrolled); tube 3 mm. long, with 5 V-shaped flaps halfway down; lobes red, free for ± 4 mm., ciliate, the upper parts joined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Filaments attached to coherent part of the lobes, short; anthers 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Stigma 0.6 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0001075423 morphology 9E41B304-42F6-4C85-8B15-7B0DE01C3BF2 Berry red, apparently similar to O. hildebrandtii . urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969324-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Stems spreading to 1 m. or so, whole plant glabrous; twigs slightly compressed, soon thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Petiole 1–6 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, dark green above, paler beneath, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 7–14 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, slightly sinuate at edges, with 5–8 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Flowers 2–3 per umbel in each axil and crowded at older thickened nodes; peduncle obsolete, the bracts arising from cupular sockets formed by the pedicel; bract cupular, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Receptacle 1.2–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Calyx tubular, 2–3 mm. long, erose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Corolla 3.8–5 cm. long, tube orange to red, more yellow over vents, lobe-tips darker orange to red; buds narrow, terminal swelling slight, 4 mm. long; tube slender, slightly broadened upwards, 2.2–3.5 cm. long, with a short V-slit; lobes erect, linear-spathulate, slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Filaments transversely corrugate; tooth subulate to 1.5 mm. long or often reduced to a small ledge; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667972 morphology CBED0735-EFA4-446F-953C-5ADEB687416B Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969307-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Glabrous shrub to 1 m. or so; twigs slightly compressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Petiole 2–4 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, dark green, elliptic-lanceolate, 6–13 cm. long, 1–6 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate to slightly rounded at the base, sometimes slightly undulate at edges, with 6–8 pairs of obscure lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Flowers 2–4 in axillary umbels; peduncles 1–2 mm. long; pedicels 1.5–6 mm. long; bract saucer-shaped with a small limb, 1–2 mm. long, gibbous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Receptacle 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Calyx cupular, 0.8–1 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Corolla 4–5 cm. long, red or orange to base of vents, yellow around slits, darker orange or red above; buds slender, with a slight terminal swelling 3.5–6 mm. long; tube rather slender, slightly broadened upwards, 2.5–3.5 cm. long, with a short V-split; lobes erect, linear-spathulate, very slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Filaments green, transversely corrugated; tooth subulate, 0.7 mm. long; anthers 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667974 morphology 10C32E44-8488-4351-89D1-4416E960F4D2 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003108-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Twigs slightly compressed, usually scurfy puberulous with some short spreading hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Petiole 1–6 mm. long, shallowly channelled and hairy in the groove; lamina thin, yellow-green, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3–12 cm. long, 0.8–3.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, with 5–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower 3–4 strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Flowers 4–12 per umbel; peduncles 1–4 mm. long; pedicels 4–5 mm. long, hairy; bract triangular-ovate from a shallow cup, 2–3 mm. long, gibbous, ciliolate, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Receptacle 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Calyx (1–)1.5–4 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Corolla 1.8–2.6 cm. long, orange or yellow-orange; buds 4-angled, isodiametric (unless insect galled) below, with a slight fusiform apical swelling 4–5 mm. long; tube 9–13 mm. long, with V-slit extending nearly to base, papillate inside, especially along sutures; lobes erect to spreading, perhaps sporadically reflexed, linear-spathulate, scarcely longer than tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Stamens green, sometimes darkening with age; filament-tooth 0.7–1(–1.3) mm. long; anthers 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667984 morphology B1E84AC2-8FAA-4F58-B6DC-22972306E7ED Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969313-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Shrub with spreading to drooping stems to 1 m. or so; twigs slightly compressed, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Petiole 3–10(–15) mm. long, grooved, the sides often crispate, the channel sometimes scurfy puberulous; lamina thin, coppery reddish when young, becoming fresh green, often with red veins, and a little more coriaceous, linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3–13(–15) cm. long, 0.6–3(–5) cm. wide, often attenuate, acuminate at the apex, base cuneate, rounded or rarely slightly cordate, glabrous except sometimes at youngest unfolded stage, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower 2–4 often (but not always) strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Flowers 6–16(–20) per umbel; peduncle 1–5(–6) mm. long; pedicels (1–)2–5 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular from a shallow cup, 1–2 mm. long, slightly gibbous, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Calyx 0.5–1 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Corolla (1.1–)1.5–2.5 cm. long, blue-grey with red lobes, inside tube blue-black; buds slightly inflated in lower part, narrow above vents to oblong-ellipsoid apical swelling (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm. long; tube (4–)6–12 mm. long, with V-slit to base, papillate inside especially along sutures; lobes erect, linear with spathulate tips, (7–)8–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Filaments blackish below, green above, tightly coiled; tooth 0.5–1.2 mm. long; anthers 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Berry bright red, obovoid, with prominent lobed disc, 6–9 mm. long, 3.5–5 mm. in diameter; seed orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667989 morphology D327E1B8-B7F1-4792-84EA-EBF792EEBEAE Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548666-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Shrub with spreading stems to 1 m. or so; twigs slightly compressed, scurfy pubescent with some short spreading hairs to glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Petiole 1–7(–20) mm. long, shallowly channelled, often scurfy pubescent at least in the groove; lamina thin, dull pale green, often coppery reddish when young, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate, 3–12 cm. long, 0.5–4.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or rarely slightly cordate at the base, glabrous, with 6–10 pairs of lateral nerves, all spreading or the lower few more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Flowers 4–12 per umbel; peduncle 1–4(–5) mm. long; pedicels 4–6(–8) mm. long, occasionally puberulous; bract ovate-triangular from a shallow cup, 1.5–2 mm. long, gibbous, ciliolate and sometimes puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Receptacle 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Calyx 0.5–1 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Corolla 2.5–3.5(–4) cm. long, yellow, orange or red, often more red on head, dark red inside tube; buds a little inflated in lower part, tapered to vents, then narrow to a slight oblong-ellipsoid apical swelling 3–5 mm. long; tube 1.1–1.6 cm. long, with V-slit often extending to base, papillate inside; lobes erect, linear-spathulate, 1.4–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Filaments deep maroon to blue-black, green above, tapered downwards into corolla-tube; tooth 1–2 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667968 morphology 9FFEC7D6-8737-4580-8C1D-AAAE6186BE6D Berry red to red-purple, sometimes partly white, obovoid, 6–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548662-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Shrub with spreading to pendulous branches; twigs slightly compressed, brownish tomentellous, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Petiole 3–20 mm. long, puberulous to tomentellous; lamina thinly coriaceous, green, linear-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 4–16 cm. long, 0.8–4 cm. wide, slightly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, with scurfy pubescence on midrib beneath and towards the base, otherwise subglabrous, with 6–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower 2–4 pairs ascending and looped some way from margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Flowers 6–10 per umbel; peduncle, pedicels and bract tomentellous with white and brown hairs; peduncle 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 3–8 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular from a shallow cup, 2 mm. long, gibbous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Calyx 1–1.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Corolla 2.2–2.8 cm. long, orange, slightly yellowish towards the base, yellow inside tube, glabrous or sparsely pubescent especially along sutures; buds quadrangular and becoming slightly inflated in lower part, narrow above vents, with an oblong-ellipsoid apical swelling 4–5 mm. long; tube 1.1–1.3 cm. long, with V-slit extending to the base, papillate inside; lobes erect, linear-spathulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Filaments deep green with purple-brown markings; tooth 1.2–1.5 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667977 morphology E645CAEF-0F46-4F8A-AAD9-A52EC7E1A1FC Berry vermilion, obovoid, 6 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969309-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Small glabrous shrub with mostly rather short spreading flowering branchlets; twigs slightly compressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Leaves sessile, thin, glaucous, purple-flushed above when young, mostly lanceolate to ovate, 3–5 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, basally cordate, with ± 6 pairs of lateral nerves (lower ones slightly more ascending), but leaves towards the base of flowering branchlets progressively smaller, blunter and rounded to oblate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Flowers 4–6 per umbel; peduncle 2–3 mm. long; pedicels 3–4 mm. long; bract acuminately triangular from a shallow cup, 2–3 mm. long, ciliolate at tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Calyx 0.3–0.4 mm. long, minutely ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Corolla-buds 2.5–2.7 cm. long, reddish with darker tip, a little swollen in lower part, tapered to vents 11 mm. from the base, then narrow to a slight oblong-ellipsoid apical swelling 5–6 mm. long, slightly apiculate; tube with very small scattered papillae inside, most numerous basally and along sutures; lobes erect, linear-spathulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Filaments 10–11 mm. long; tooth subulate, 1.8 mm. long; anthers 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667963 morphology D384CED7-16DB-495C-8B84-0BDC90411D71 Berry white below, pink above, obovoid, 6 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter; seed white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997532-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Small shrub to 45 cm. or so, with numerous rather short (7–20 cm.) straight obliquely spreading flowering branchlets; twigs slightly compressed, pale, glabrous, markedly lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Petiole 0–3 mm. long; lamina chartaceous, yellow-green, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–6.5 cm. long, 0.8–2.5 cm. wide, attenuate to slightly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, with 3–6 pairs of lateral nerves, the basal pair ascending to middle or above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Flowers 2–6(–8) per umbel; peduncle 0.5–2 mm. long; pedicels 1.5–3 mm. long; bract bluntly triangular from a shallow cup, 1–1.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Receptacle 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Calyx 0.2–0.3 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Corolla 9–12 mm. long, yellow, orange towards tip, with blackish streaks at vents; buds slightly 4-angular, only slightly inflated towards the base and apex; tube 3–5 mm. long, with V-slit extending almost to base, smooth inside (minute papillae only on edges of sutures); lobes erect, linear, only slightly broadened upwards, 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Filaments red, tightly coiled; tooth 0.2–0.5 mm. long, inserted ± that distance below anther; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667988 morphology 0BBC450D-BF70-45C5-954E-7D618F0715D9 Berry red to pinkish purple, obovoid, 8 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969316-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Shrub with slender branches to 1 m. or so; twigs compressed, sparsely scurfy pubescent to brownish tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Petiole 4–10 mm. long, puberulous at least in groove; lamina thin, fresh green with red midrib or flush, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 2.5–7 cm. long, 1–3.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or slightly cordate at the base, sometimes slightly crisped along margins, scurfy puberulous when young, soon glabrescent except often near the base, with 7–12 pairs of spreading lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Flowers 8–16 per umbel; peduncle 4–6(–8) mm. long, sparsely to densely hairy; pedicels 4–8 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular from a shallow cup, 1.5–3 mm. long, gibbous, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Receptacle 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Calyx 0.5–1.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Corolla 1.8–2.3 cm. long, pink to red on tube, darker at vents and inside, with white to cream lobes with red tips; buds slightly 4-angular, bossed at vents, slightly wrinkled above, apical swelling slight, 5–6 mm. long; tube 4–5 mm. long, with irregular deep V-slit, smooth inside; lobes recurved to revolute, linear, slightly auricled at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Stamen-filaments 11–15 mm. long, dark red, loosely coiled, slightly expanded at the base; tooth 0.1–0.2 mm. long, a little below anther; anthers 3.5–3.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Berry dark red, obovoid, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667967 morphology 2CC9567E-89BE-4AA0-8928-E543E35C07D9 Fig. 8/1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548661-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Small shrub, with rather short (5–20(–30) cm.) spreading flowering branchlets; twigs subterete to slightly compressed, hispidulous with short and very short spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Leaves smaller towards the base of flowering branchlets, grading to bud-scales; petioles 0–3(–5) mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, dark green, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate, 1–6 cm. long, 0.6–2.5(–3.5) cm. wide, obtuse to acute, often slightly acuminate, at the apex (smaller proximal ones broader and blunter), minutely puberulous towards the base especially near the midvein, with 4–6 pairs of lateral nerves, lower ones or all ascending or curved-ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Flowers 4–6 per umbel; peduncle and pedicels subglabrous to hispidulous; peduncle 2–4 mm. long; pedicels 3–5 mm. long; bract bluntly triangular from a shallow cup, 1–1.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long, erose, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Corolla 2–2.5 cm. long, greenish white to white or grey with pink tips; buds swollen at the base, bossed over vents, narrow, 4-angular and wrinkled above, ending in a narrow apical swelling 5 mm. long, slightly apiculate; tube 4–5 mm. long, with V-slit extending ± to base, hispidulous-papillate along sutures in upper half; lobes reflexed to loosely revolute about the middle, linear-spathulate, expanded at the base with the inner face darker and hardened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Stamen-filaments 13–16 mm. long, dark red at the base, tapering upwards, slender, loosely coiled in upper part, extended at the base into a ridge ± 1 mm. down corolla-tube and minutely hispidulous-papillate or verruculose on the sides; tooth inserted a little below the anther, 0.4–0.7 mm. long; anthers 3–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667969 morphology AF3F2278-422C-4F78-9AA0-79E3E6066218 Berry red, obovoid, 5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter; seed blue-grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969305-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Small shrub, with mostly short spreading flowering branches; twigs subterete to slightly quadrangular, with short spreading hairs, glabrescent, or sometimes almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Leaves smaller towards the base of flowering branchlets, grading to bud-scales; petiole 0–1.5 mm. long, puberulous in groove; lamina thin, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic (smallest ones ovate to circular), 1–3.5 cm. long, 0.7–1.8 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, with small hairs on youngest, soon glabrescent, with 3–5 pairs of lateral nerves, lower 1–2 pairs strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Flowers 2–6 per umbel; peduncle and pedicels 1.5–3 mm. long, glabrous or nearly so; bract ovate-triangular from a shallow cup, 1.5–2 mm. long, puberulous, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Receptacle 0.8–1 mm. long, as broad as tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Corolla 1.8–2.6 cm. long, yellow, with a touch of red at vents; buds 4-angular, slightly swollen at the base, bossed over vents, slightly wrinkled above, with a slight apical swelling 6–9 mm. long, apiculate; tube 4–6 mm. long, with V-slit extending nearly to base, minutely papillate along sutures; lobes reflexed to revolute, linear, slightly dilated at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Stamen-filaments orange, tightly coiled, dilated, with minute papillae at the very base; tooth 1 mm. long; anthers 5.5–6.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667982 morphology 7FBD9EAD-6569-405E-8D50-FFFCB02146D8 Berry obovoid, 6 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969311-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Small well-rounded shrub to 0.5 m., with mostly rather short spreading flowering branchlets; twigs subterete, glabrous or with very short spreading glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Leaves slightly smaller towards the base of flowering branchlets; petiole 2–3 mm. long, glandular-puberulous in the groove; lamina thinly coriaceous, narrowly elliptic, 2–4.5 cm. long, 0.6–1.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, with 4–8 sometimes obscure pairs of lateral nerves, lowermost more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Flowers 2–3 per umbel; peduncle 1–2 mm. long; pedicels 2–2.5 mm. long; bract triangular from a shallow cup, 1.5–2 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Receptacle 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Calyx 0.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Corolla 2–2.2 cm. long, white to yellow tipped red; buds parallel-sided and slightly corrugated to vents, slightly narrowed to base, narrow above vents to a slight apical swelling 6–7 mm. long; tube 6–7 mm. long, with a V-slit to the middle, the surface corrugated with a row of dimples either side of the filament-line, sometimes distinctly papillate along the sutures above; lobes reflexed to revolute, linear-spathulate, slightly dilated at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Stamen-filaments inrolled, dilated at the base, sometimes with minute papillae around basal thickening; tooth 0.5 mm. long and inserted that distance below anther; anthers 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667976 morphology 47C7104F-1F81-4FA4-BA77-A19F1924EABB Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003109-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Small shrub with short spreading flowering branchlets mostly 5–20 cm. long; twigs subterete to slightly quadrangular, scurfy puberulous at least on younger internodes, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Leaves smaller towards the base of flowering branchlets, grading to bud scales; petiole 0–4 mm. long, scurfy puberulous in groove; lamina thin, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 2–6 cm. long, 0.8–2.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base (small proximal leaves broader and blunter), scurfy puberulous, soon glabrescent, with 3–6 pairs of lateral nerves, lower 1–3 pairs strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Flowers 2–4 per umbel; peduncles 0.5–2 mm. long, subglabrous or with minute hairs; pedicels 2.5–5 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular from a cupular base, 1.5–2 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Receptacle 0.8–1 mm. long, broader than long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Corolla (1.3–)1.7–2.2 cm. long, yellow-orange, sometimes more yellow or greenish at the base, with red tips to buds and expanded lobes; buds slightly 4-angular, slightly swollen at the base, slightly bossed over vents, with a slight apical swelling 4 mm. long, a little wrinkled below apical swelling; tube (5–)7–9 mm. long, with V-slit extending nearly to the base, smooth inside; lobes reflexed or revolute about the middle, linear-spathulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Stamen-filaments dark red or brown, tightly coiled, extended at the base as a ridge 2–3 mm. down the corolla-tube; tooth 0.4–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Berry bright red, sometimes white at the base, pear-shaped to almost obconic, 5–7 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667964 morphology CE832968-2223-4ECF-8F43-63F4FAAB00F2 Fig. 8/6–11 (p. 35). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003110-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Small shrub with mostly rather short (5–15 cm.) spreading flowering branchlets; twigs slightly compressed, hispidulous to tomentellous with short and very short spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Leaves smaller towards the base of flowering branchlets, grading to bud scales; petioles 0–1 mm. long; lamina thin, ovate to elliptic-oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 1–4 cm. long, 0.8–2.5 cm. wide, obtuse to acute, scarcely acuminate, at the apex, broadly cuneate to rounded at the base, scabridulous-pubescent on both surfaces, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Flowers (1–)2–6 per umbel; peduncle and pedicels 1–2 mm. long, densely hispidulous; bract ovate from a very slight cup, 2–3 mm. long, densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Receptacle 1.2–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Calyx 0.3–0.8 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Corolla 3.2–4.5 cm. long, yellow or orange-yellow, often a little more orange or reddish at tip, green at the vents, ciliate at angles (sutures) to densely hairy overall; buds 4-angled, bossed at vents, scarcely swollen in upper part, pointed; tube 8–10 mm. long, with V-slit extending halfway, smooth inside except sometimes for minute papillae along sutures above; lobes reflexed to revolute about the middle, linear, slightly tapering to middle, dilated at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Stamen-filaments rather loosely coiled, dilated and thickened at the base, subcordate, sometimes minutely papillate around base; tooth 0.2–0.7 mm. long; anthers 7.5–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000667966 morphology 7071824D-029E-49DA-925B-5BC8947829C7 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969304-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Shrubs with spreading and pendent branches, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Leaves opposite to alternate; petiole 5–20 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, green, glossy, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 8–14 cm. long, 2.5–5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, basally cuneate to rounded or truncate, with 8–12 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower to middle ones more strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Heads 1–several per axil, 10–16(–24)-flowered; peduncle (plus rhachis) 4–8 mm. long; pedicels 3–5(–7) mm. long; bract saucer-shaped with a small triangular limb, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Monocarps 10–16, ellipsoid or oblong-obovoid, 1.5–2.3 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Seeds pale brown, oblong-elliptic in outline, flattened, 9 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. thick, with rugose or pitted faces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0000583386 morphology 17F7DDD0-920D-4F69-9F04-7C9C14C2E45F Fig. 15, p. 65. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72580-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Deciduous tree 10–27(–45) m. tall, ± 30–50 cm. diameter at breast height (said occasionally to attain 90 cm.); bark pale or dark grey, smooth; young branchlets with dense usually spreading yellowish hairs, later adpressed pubescent and finally glabrescent or glabrous, wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Leaf-blades oblong-elliptic or elliptic, 4–12(–28) cm. long, l.6–5.4(–10) cm. wide, acute to long-acuminate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, sometimes asymmetrical, papery to somewhat coriaceous, glabrous above save for pubescence on the midrib, adpressed pubescent beneath when young, sometimes sparsely so save for some denser more spreading hairs on the midrib, later glabrescent or almost entirely glabrous; young leaf-buds silky hairy; midrib impressed above, prominent beneath; lateral nerves 5–13, prominent beneath; venation reticulate but rather obscure; petioles 2–5 mm. long, pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Flowers polygamous, extra-axillary or leaf-opposed, solitary or in 2–8(–12)-flowered fascicles, often on short shoots 1–2 mm. long; peduncles 1–3 mm. long, pubescent; basal bracts small, pubescent; bracteole situated just below the calyx, cucullate, 1–2 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, pubescent; pedicels 3–9 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Sepals broadly ovate or semicircular, 2 mm. long and 2–3 mm. wide, joined at the base, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Petals lemon-yellow or greenish-white, subequal, linear-oblong or lanceolate, (0.6–)1–2.8 cm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, rounded at the apex, widened at the base, densely finely pubescent all over save for a glabrous area at base inside, with folds inside at base of outer petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Stamens linear, numerous (20–40) in male flowers and 2–4 mm. long, 5–12 in hermaphrodite flowers and 1–2 mm. long; connective-prolongation oblong-ovate, compressed and often irregularly lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Carpels 13–20, linear-oblong, 2 mm. long, compressed, pubescent, sparsely puberulous or glabrous; stigma rhombic or elliptic in outline, 0.5 mm. long, compressed, ± lobed, pubescent or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Fruiting pedicels 0.3–2.2 cm. long; monocarps (2–)8–10(–13), purplish-red or dark brown, fleshy, glossy, ellipsoid to globose, 1.2–1.8 cm. long, 0.9–1.5 cm. wide, l–2(–3)-seeded, not constricted between the seeds, finely tuberculate-rugose and also with finer roughenings visible only under a lens, glabrous; stipes 5–8(–10) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000708834 morphology 29A29A64-82B3-43D2-9E6C-4325B2661484 Seeds straw-coloured or chestnut, hemispherical, subglobose or somewhat compressed (cushion-shaped), 1–1.2 cm. in diameter, 0.5–1 cm. thick, strongly wrinkled-punctate, with a circumferential groove. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73282-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Monoecious shrub or small tree 4–7(–12) m. tall, up to 0.7(–0.9) m. in girth; bark grey-green with brown patches, fissured; branchlets glabrous even when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Leaf-blades elliptic, oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate, 5.5–15 cm. long, 1.7–5.5(–7.5) cm. wide, obtuse or narrowly acuminate at the apex, cuneate or more rarely rounded at the base, not coriaceous, silky beneath when in young leaf-bud, later glabrous; lateral nerves 10–12, prominent above and beneath; reticulation of veins rather close, also prominent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Flowers yellow, greenish-cream or yellowish-pink, solitary or rarely paired; bracteoles inserted near the base of the pedicels, semicircular, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, adpressed pubescent; calyx bilobed; petals free, subequal, more or less fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Male flowers borne on leafy branches, axillary; pedicels 4–5 mm. long, adpressed pubescent; sepals almost round, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, adpressed pubescent, glabrous; petals elliptic, 5–6 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, acute, glabrous inside, adpressed pubescent outside; stamens oblong, ±0.5 mm. long, the connectives not developed above the anther-cells. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Female flowers axillary on leafless branches or on the trunk; pedicels 0.6–1.1 cm. long, adpressed pubescent; sepals semicircular, 2 mm. long and wide, acute, adpressed pubescent outside, glabrous inside; petals ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 0.5–1.1 cm. long, 3.5–5 mm. wide, pubescent; carpels subcylindric, 3–4 mm. long, 7–11-ovuled, densely pubescent; stigma ± 0.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Fruiting pedicels 1–1.5 cm. long, thick; monocarps red, 4–6, oblong-ellipsoid to cylindrical, 1.7–4.5 cm. long, 1.1–1.8 cm. wide, mostly pointed at the apex, 3–10-seeded, ± constricted between the seeds, sparsely pubescent or glabrescent; stipes 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Seeds yellow-brown, ellipsoid or segment-shaped, 1–1.4 cm. long, 6–10 mm. wide, 4–6.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000416309 morphology 3478196E-4610-4E24-8211-6213AFEA00DB Fig. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76036-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Tall tree, 25–30 m. tall, with bright yellow wood; young shoots with short yellowish or ferruginous pubescence, soon glabrous; older stems grey-brown, rugulose, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Leaf-blades oblong or oblong-elliptic, (5–)7.5–30 cm. long, (2.5–)3.5–8.7 cm. wide, rounded to shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, not markedly coriaceous, at first with adpressed silky brown pubescence on midrib above and entire surface beneath, later glabres-cent; venation reticulate, not markedly prominent; petiole 3–10 mm. long, at first ferruginous pubescent, later glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Flowers extra-axillary on the leafy shoots, solitary; buds 3-angled; bracteoles not seen; peduncles (1.5–) 2–2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Sepals green, triangular, ?7 mm. long, cohering together, very soon falling in the bud stage, olivaceous-silky outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Petals green, oblong-elliptic or elliptic, but broadened at the base into a kind of claw, enlarging rapidly after bud stage, (3–)3.5–4 cm. long, (1.2–)1.75–2 cm. wide, subacute at the apex, thick, triangular in section with an internal keel, excavated at the base in the claw part, finely silky pilose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Stamens 3.5–4 mm. long; connective-prolongation ± triangular, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Carpels ± 25–30, cylindrical, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Fruiting peduncles 1.5–2.5 cm. long; monocarps 15–30, ellipsoid-oblong, 3.5 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, ± shortly acuminate; stipes 1–1.5 cm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Seeds chestnut-coloured, oblong-ellipsoidal, 2.2–2.5 cm. long, 1.1–1.2 cm. wide, 0.9 cm. thick, surrounded by a raised ridge around the long axis, pitted on the faces, pointed at one end, hollowed out at the other, the opening being ± 2 mm. long and 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000667293 morphology 93246E22-8D09-4338-9151-072C364AE864 Fig. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72944-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Tree up to 45 m. tall, with shortly buttressed straight bole; stilt roots often present, reaching up to 1.8 m. above the ground; bark rough, ± fissured; young branchlets with adpressed ferruginous hairs or glabrescent, strongly longitudinally wrinkled, older branchlets glabrous, reddish-brown, wrinkled and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Leaf-blades elliptic to obovate or slightly oblanceolate, 4–12 cm. long, (1.5–)2.5–6 cm. wide, shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous and shining above, somewhat glaucous and sparsely adpressed pubescent beneath, the midrib often reddish or purplish beneath in life; venation closely reticulate, distinctly prominent on both surfaces; petiole thick, channelled, (5–)6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Flowers solitary or in 2–6-flowered fascicles; pedicels 2–5 mm. long, adpressed pubescent or glabrous; bracteoles 2, cucullate, 1.5–2 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, adpressed pubescent outside; buds obtuse or acuminate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Sepals ovate-triangular, 2–2.5 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, joined at the base, acute, adpressed pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Petals yellowish-orange, thick; outer ovate-triangular, 6.5–10 mm. long, 4.5–6 mm. wide, concave at the base, densely silky outside with adpressed ferruginous pubescence, tomentose inside save at the base; inner smaller, ovate-lanceolate, 5.5–8 mm. long, 3–4.5 mm. wide, keeled, puberulous outside at the apex but glabrous beneath, tomentose inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Stamens linear, 2–3 mm. long; connective-prolongation capitate, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Carpels 6–9; ovary cylindric, 2.5–4.5 mm. long, densely hairy; style 1.5–3.5 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Fruiting pedicel 0.6–1 cm. long; monocarps 3–5, black with red interior, cylindrical, 2–7 cm. long, 1.5–2.5 cm. wide, 1–4-seeded, somewhat constricted between the vertical seeds, glabrous; stipes 0.5–1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428721 morphology D927A366-6610-42D2-9D16-658782DCC5C6 Seeds blackish, oblong-ovoid, 1.8–2 cm. long, 0.8–1 cm. wide and thick, with an orange-yellow fibrous aril 3.5–4 mm. long, the individual fibres easily separating. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76261-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Tall tree 4.5–27(–30) m. tall, with smooth pale grey or grey-brown bark and numerous stilt roots; young shoots finely adpressed ferruginous pubescent, but very soon glabrous, older shoots with longitudinally rugose grey-brown bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Leaf-blades oblong to elliptic, oblanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, (7–)9–21.5 cm. long, (2.2–)4–8.5 cm. wide, obtuse to ± abruptly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate and slightly decurrent at the base, thinly to thickly coriaceous, glabrous and drying bluish- or dull green above, finely adpressed pubescent or glabrescent and drying a distinct orange-brown colour beneath (but grey in life); venation finely reticulate and often prominent on both surfaces or obscure above; petiole 0.5–1.8 cm. long, glabrescent or finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Flowers solitary or in 2–5-flowered fascicles; pedicels 4–6 mm. long, adpressed ferruginous pubescent; bracteoles 2–5, oblong, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Sepals ovate-triangular, 2–4 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, acute to apiculate, adpressed pubescent outside, glabrous and often crimson inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Petals very unequal; outer orange-yellow or greenish-yellow, mostly crimson at the base within, narrowly linear-lanceolate, but widened and concave at the base, (2–)2.6–3.7 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, 3-angled above, silky ferruginous pubescent outside, puberulous within save at base; inner crimson, rhomboid to oblanceolate or elliptic, 5–8 mm. long, 2.5–3.5 mm. wide, apiculate, keeled, concave, silky pubescent above outside, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Stamens linear, ± 2 mm. long; connective-prolongation obliquely capitate, papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Carpels 8–11; ovary cylindrical, ± 1.5–2 mm. long, adpressed pubescent with simple or 2-branched hairs, 9–10-ovuled; style linear, 2–3.5 mm. long, papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Fruiting pedicels 1–1.5 cm. long; monocarps 1–11, green, ± cylindrical, 2–7 cm. long, 0.8–1.2 cm. wide, curved, apiculate, 1–8-seeded, ± constricted between the seeds, glabrescent, finely rugose; stipes 0.5–1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428686 morphology 7E5E74F4-D165-4467-AB9F-04330A76215A Seeds reddish-brown, globose to cylindric, 0.7–1.2 cm. long, 5–9 mm. wide and thick, vertical; aril 2–4 mm. long, made up of many filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76250-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Tall evergreen aromatic tree or shrub, 5.4–30(–45) m. tall, with fairly smooth grey-brown bark, a much-branched crown and sometimes a buttressed bole; young branchlets puberulous at first, but soon glabrous, reddish-brown to blackish, smooth or rugose and mostly with many conspicuous lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Leaf-blades oblong, elliptic, ovate or oblanceolate, (6–)8–16.4 cm. long, 2.8–6.5 cm. wide, obtuse, acute or prominently acuminate at the apex (the acumen attaining 2 cm.), cuneate to rounded and decurrent at the base, coriaceous, drying bluish-green above and greenish-brown to orange beneath, glabrous above, adpressed pubescent or glabrescent (silky pilose when very young) and usually ± glaucous beneath; venation laxly to densely reticulate, usually prominent on both surfaces but sometimes obscure above; petiole 3–6 mm. long, blackish, adpressed pubescent or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Flowers solitary or in 3–5-flowered fascicles, fragrant; pedicels 0.4–1.1 cm. long, adpressed ferruginous pubescent; bracteoles 2–3, cucullate, 1–4 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, adpressed pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Sepals ovate-triangular, 3–5 mm. long and wide, rounded to acute or apiculate, glabrescent to pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Petals cream, greenish-white or yellow; outer linear, 2.5–5.5 cm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide above, 5–6 mm. wide at the base, concave at the base, silky pubescent outside, tomentellous inside save at the base; inner rather shorter and narrower, 2.7–4.5 cm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, tomentellous save at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Stamens linear, 1–1.5 mm. long; connective-prolongation obliquely capitate, papillose or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Carpels 24–32(–42); ovary cylindric, 1–1.5 mm. long, sparsely adpressed pilose, 6–8-ovuled; styles linear-tapering, aggregated to form a very narrow cone ± 3–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Fruiting pedicels 0.7–1.2(–2.2) cm. long; monocarps (5–) 16–24(–42), green to reddish, cylindrical, 1.5–6 cm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, straight, obtuse, 1–8-seeded, not or scarcely constricted between the seeds, glabrous, ± smooth but usually diagonally ridged, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Seeds orange-red to black, cylindrical, vertical, 5–7 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide and thick; aril papery, yellow, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428869 morphology AB83BDF6-A69E-4094-AA88-E4CA96FEB4F8 Fig. 19, p. 78. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76056-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Tree 6–24(–30) m. tall, with unbranched bole and sparingly branched crown, sometimes slightly buttressed, rarely epiphytic; bark smooth, grey–brown; branchlets red to purplish-black, sparsely yellowish-brown pubescent at first, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Leaf-blades narrowly oblong to elliptic, (2–)4.5–11 cm. long, 1–4.7 cm. wide, acute or more rarely rounded to shortly bluntly acuminate at the apex, cuneate, rounded or truncate at the base, thin to slightly coriaceous, greyish, glabrous to sparsely adpressed pubescent and dull to glossy above, duller and more densely adpressed pubescent below; venation reticulate, mostly very close and rather prominent; petioles reddish to purplish-black, 0.3–1 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Flowers solitary or in 2–4-flowered inflorescences; peduncles up to 3 mm. long; pedicels 4–8(–15) mm. long, pubescent or glabrescent; bracteoles 2, broadly ovate, 1–1.5 mm. long and wide, close to the flower, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Sepals ovate-triangular, 1.5–3 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, obtuse to apiculate, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Petals yellow or greenish (in W. Africa said to be crimson at the base); outer linear or subulate, l–2.6(–4(–?6) in W. Africa) cm. long, widened at the base, ± 2.5(–6) mm. wide, pubescent outside with silky golden brown hairs, densely puberulous within save near the base; inner shorter and somewhat narrower, 1.2–1.8(–4) cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, shortly clawed, puberulous all over save at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Stamens linear, 1–1.5 mm. long; connective-prolongation capitate, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Carpels (4–)6–10; ovary ovoid-cylindric or flattened, 1–2 mm. long, adpressed pilose; style linear, tapering, 5–8 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Fruiting pedicels 5–10 mm. long.. Monocarps 1–11, red, or green outside but pink inside, obovoid or cylindric, 1–3.7 cm. long, 0.7–1.1(–1.7) cm. wide, ± curved, rounded or apiculate at the apex, l–6(–12)-seeded, sometimes slightly constricted between the seeds, pubescent or glabrous, finely rugose, often reticulate-striate; stipes 2–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428923 morphology D62496E8-48DF-4986-A66C-E65010BFF287 Seeds orange, dark brown on drying, irregularly ellipsoid, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, 5–7 mm. wide and thick, sometimes flattened, oblique, biseriate; aril obsolete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76218-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Shrub or small tree (1–)2–6(–9) m. high, with much branched spreading crown; young branchlets pubescent with yellowish-brown hairs or glabrescent, later glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Leaf-blades oblong to elliptic or rarely lanceolate, 3.5–11.5(–13.5) cm. long, 1.6–5.7 cm. wide, obtuse, subacute, rounded or emarginate at the apex, truncate, cuneate or broadly cuneate at the base, mostly thin, discolorous, glabrous to mostly sparsely adpressed pubescent above, greyish and more densely adpressed pubescent beneath; venation reticulate, mostly prominent on both sides; petiole 0.3–1.7 cm. long, glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Flowers solitary or in 2–3-flowered fascicles, sessile or pedicels up to 7 mm. long, pubescent; bracteoles 2, broadly ovate, ±1.5 mm. long and wide, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Sepals ovate-triangular, 1.5–3 mm. long and wide, obtuse or acute, pubescent outside, glabrous and reddish within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Petals greenish-white to yellow; outer linear, 1.8–3 cm. long, concave and ± 3–4 mm. wide at the base, 1.5 mm. wide above, silky golden pubescent outside, puberulous inside save at the base; inner shorter and somewhat narrower, 2 cm. long, 1 mm. wide, broadened and clawed at the base, puberulous all over save at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Stamens linear, 1 mm. long; connective-prolongation capitate, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Carpels 7–14; ovary cylindric or flattened, 1 mm. long, adpressed pilose; style cylindric, ± 2–2.5 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Fruiting pedicels 4–7 mm. long. Monocarps 1–8, red, obovoid or cylindric, 1–3 cm. long, 0.8–1.1 cm. wide, ± curved, obtuse, 1–5-seeded, constricted between the seeds, glabrous, sometimes glaucous, finely rugose, sometimes reticulate or longitudinally striate; stipes 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0000428904 morphology 732538BE-F3FB-4111-B845-079CE5F2DEE6 Seeds yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 1.2 cm. long, 6 mm. wide, 5 mm. thick, sometimes flattened, oblique, biseriate; aril obsolete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76207-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Branched shrub or small tree 1–4.5(–?6) m. tall, with greyish-white bark; young branchlets reddish-brown, lenticellate, at first densely covered withspreading greyish hairs, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Leaf-blades elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 0.8–6 cm. long, 0.5–2.5 cm. wide, obtuse, acute or slightly acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, thin, glabrous above, adpressed silky pilose beneath; venation not conspicuous; petioles slender, 2.5–4 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Flowers solitary, pendent; pedicels 2–3 mm. long, pubescent; bracteole pubescent, ? ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Sepals ovate-triangular, 2.5 mm. long, 2.5–3.5 mm. wide, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Petals grey-green, linear-lanceolate, widened at the base; outer 1–1.1 cm. long, 2 mm. wide above and 4 mm. wide at base; inner smaller, 7–8 mm. long, 1 mm. wide above, 3.5 mm. wide at the base; all silky outside with adpressed pale ferruginous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Stamens 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Carpels 6–12, 1.5 mm. long; style short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Monocarps seen only in dehisced condition, probably red, oblong, 2 cm. or so long, several-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066258 morphology FC192B6A-5A69-405D-856F-5C0A5989AE03 Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 1 cm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, shining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76065-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Small or medium-sized shrub 1–2 m. tall; young stems densely covered with rather long spreading greyish hairs, later glabrescent and the bark tending to break into tiny pieces, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Leaf-blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 1.3–6.5 cm. long, 0.8–3.5 cm. wide, rounded to subacute and sometimes apiculate at the apex, shallowly but distinctly cordate (or rarely rounded) at the base, papery, adpressed pilose on both surfaces and with longer spreading hairs on the margins and midrib beneath; venation reticulate but scarcely prominent; petioles 2–5 mm. long, spreading pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Flowers solitary, sessile or pedicel short (± 2 mm. long); bracteoles 1–2, ovate or reniform, 1.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Sepals ovate-triangular, 2.5–3 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, obtuse or subacute, pubescent outside, glabrous and reddish inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Petals crimson; outer lanceolate, 1.3–1.6 cm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide at the base, densely adpressed silky pubescent all over save at the base inside; inner shorter, narrower and more subulate, 1.1–1.2 cm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, the apical part almost linear, 8–9 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, tomentose save for base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Stamens linear, 1–1.5 mm. long; connective-prolongation capitate, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Carpels 7–10; ovary cylindric or flattened, 1.5 mm. long, adpressed pilose; style about equalling the ovary, cylindric, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Fruiting pedicels 6 mm. long; monocarps 3–10, green and pruinose outside, scarlet inside, cylindric or obovoid, 1–2.5 cm. long, 0.6–1.3 cm. wide, slightly curved, obtuse, several-seeded, glabrous, finely rugose, obliquely striate; stipes 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066259 morphology 6692ABF3-E3A0-496E-83EF-0D27FD44EC38 Seeds yellow or yellow-brown, ellipsoid, ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76095-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Shrub or small tree 2.4–3 m. tall; young stems densely covered with long pale ferruginous spreading hairs but soon becoming glabrous; older stems with rather peeling reddish-brown bark and prominent lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Leaf-blades elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 1.5–7 cm. long, 1.3–2.8 cm. wide, subacute to acute at the apex, more so than in previous species, shallowly cordate at the base or sometimes rounded, thin, densely adpressed pilose on both surfaces, the hairs more spreading on the margins and midrib beneath; petioles 2–3 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Flowers solitary, sessile or pedicel up to 2 mm. long; buds ovoid-conic, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Sepals ovate, 4–7 mm. long and wide, densely spreading hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Petals red or pink, ovate-lanceolate, thick; outer narrowly ovate, 1.8 cm. long, 8.5 mm. wide, acuminate, densely adpressed silky pubescent with yellow-brown hairs outside, silky tomentose inside save at base; inner narrowly triangular, 1.3 cm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, drawn out to a subulate tip, broadened and then narrowed at the base, tomentose with yellow-brown hairs save at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Stamens linear, ± 1.5 mm. long; connective-prolongation capitate, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Carpels ± 12, cylindric; ovary 1.2 mm. long, mixed with long hairs and also pilose, 5–8-ovuled; styles ellipsoid, 1.5 mm. long, with scattered long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Fruiting pedicels 4 mm. long; monocarps 6–9, green with a sort of dark purple bloom when dry, turning inside out when ripe to expose the seeds embedded in scarlet tissue, ?ellipsoid, 2.5 cm. long or so, ± 1.5 cm. wide, ?3–6-seeded, pilose with long hairs when young, later glabrous, finely rugose, with longitudinal ribs; stipe ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0001066260 morphology A9C4B213-D81C-4D6A-8910-AE46BA14C375 Seeds dark in dry state, ellipsoid, 1.2 cm. long, 7 mm. wide, 5.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:76169-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Shrub, small tree or liane, 3–12 m. tall; branchlets black, glabrescent or with very sparse hairs or sometimes densely velvety with short spreading ferruginous hairs but soon glabrous; petiole-bases ± prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Leaf-blades oblong or elliptic to ovate or obovate, (2–)5–12 cm. long, (0.8–)2–5(–5.8) cm. wide, rounded to shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, coriaceous, dark green and glabrous above, sometimes glossy, glaucous and glabrous or sparsely adpressed pubescent beneath, glandular at the base; venation openly reticulate, prominent on both sides or only beneath; petiole 3–10 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Flowers solitary or paired, terminal or axillary; pedicels 0.4–1.5 cm. long, widening towards the apex, glabrous to densely adpressed pubescent; bracteole small, rounded or ovate, 0.5–1 mm. long, situated below the middle of the pedicel, glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Sepals semicircular to ovate-triangular, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide, obtuse to apiculate, free or ± connate at the base, glabrous to adpressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Petals greenish-yellow or yellow-brown, thick, the outer ones rugose, valvate, ovate or elliptic, 0.5–1.4 cm. long, 5–9 mm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, ± densely silky with golden-brown or fawn hairs all over save at base within, inner ± imbricate or sometimes valvate, obovate, 2.5–7 mm. long, 2.5–4.5 mm. wide, very concavo-convex, obtuse, adpressed pubescent outside but glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Stamens linear, 0.7–1.5 mm. long, glabrous; filaments not developed; connective-prolongations obliquely capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Carpels 18–30; ovary cylindric but curved, ± 1.5 mm. long, 1–2-ovuled, adpressed pubescent to glabrous; style cylindric or flattened, ± 1 mm. long, usually bifurcating, red, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Fruiting pedicels 0.8–1.5 cm. long; monocarps 2–19(–23), crimson, of 1–2 articles, each cylindric or ellipsoid, (1.1–)1.3–2 cm. long, 0.6–1.3 cm. wide, sometimes apiculate, only slightly constricted in living state, glaucous, glabrous and finely rugose; stipes 0.5–1.4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000372478 morphology 6CF2BD74-9013-45CE-85BA-1BDDF46204D1 Seeds chestnut, 1–1.8 cm. long, 6–8 mm. wide, 7 mm. thick, glossy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73846-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Shrub or small tree l–7.5(–12) m. tall, sometimes scandent; bark smooth, grey; young branches yellowish-brown, at first densely pubescent, later becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Leaf-blades obovate or oblong-obovate to almost round, (1.8–)6–14(–20) cm. long, 1.6–9.5(–11) cm. wide, broadly obtuse, rounded or somewhat emarginate at the apex, rounded to cordate or less often broadly cuneate at the base, thin, green above, paler and glaucous beneath, velvety when very young, later sparsely to densely pubescent on both sides with simple and sometimes also forked or stellate hairs or glab-rescent above, papery; venation laxly reticulate, prominent on both sides; basal glands often present; petioles 3–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary, terminal or more usually extra-axillary; pedicels (1–)2.5–5(–6) cm. long; bracteole conspicuous and leafy, usually situated near the base, round or broadly ovate, (0.5–)1–2.9 cm. long, 0.5–2.8 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cordate and clasping at the base, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Sepals broadly triangular to orbicular or rarely oblong, 4–6(–8) mm. long and wide, pubescent or tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Petals yellow or greenish-yellow, thick, the outer broadly ovate, round or reniform, (0.4–)0.6–l.3 cm. long, 0.8–1.6 cm. wide, puberulous to tomentellous but glabrous at the base inside, often with impressed venation when dry, inner much shorter and thicker, very concave, obovate or rounded-ovate, 5–9 mm. long, 4–7.5 mm. wide, obtuse or rounded, clawed or narrowed below, at first connivent at the apex and remaining curved over the stamens, tomentellous all over save inside at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Stamens numerous, oblong or cuneiform, 0.75–1 mm. long, glabrous; filaments not developed; connective-prolongation broadly and obliquely capitate-truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Carpels 20–30; ovary ellipsoid or cylindric, 2 mm. long, 4-ovuled, pubescent; style much shorter than the ovary, elliptic or obconic, oblique, grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Fruiting pedicels 3–6 cm. long; monocarps 3–9(–14), red, of 1 –3(–4) segments, each ellipsoid to cylindric, 1.3–2 cm. long, 0.6–1 cm. wide, often apiculate, finely rugose, densely pubescent to glabrescent, edible; stipes 0.7–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Seeds yellow, cylindric-ellipsoid, (1–)1.2–1.8 cm. long, 7–8 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000692534 morphology AF168542-3D3D-4A03-9651-7368601C3EBE Fig. 21, p. 87. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73130-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Scandent shrub or liane 1–6 m. tall; young branches ferruginous tomentose, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Leaf-blades oblong, elliptic or ovate-oblong, (3–)8–16.5 (–18.5) cm. long, (1.1–)3.5–7.5 cm. wide, acute, distinctly acuminate or somewhat rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, rather thin, discolorous, green and glabrous above save when very young, entirely covered with adpressed silky, silvery or brownish hairs beneath; petioles 3–5 mm. long, channelled, ferruginous tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Flowers solitary or in very short 2–4-flowered cymes, axillary or supra-axillary; peduncle 1–5 mm. long, ferruginous tomentose; pedicels 4–7 mm. long, tomentose; bracts lanceolate, 1 cm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, glabrous inside, tomentose outside; bracteoles ovate, 2–3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, glabrous above, tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Sepals 2–3, broadly ovate-triangular, 1.5–2 mm. long and wide, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Petals white or yellowish, fleshy, mostly 6, rarely 4–5, ovate-elliptic, 4–5 mm. long, 1–3.5 mm. wide, ferruginous pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Stamens 8–12, obconic, ± 1 mm. long, the connective truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Carpels 12–24; ovary ellipsoid, 0.5–1 mm. long, adpressed pubescent, with l–2(–3) ovules; stigma subsessile, horseshoe-shaped, bilobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Fruiting pedicels 0.5–1 cm. long.. Monocarps 6–8, ellipsoid or cylindric, 1.2–2.2 cm. long, 7–8(–10) mm. wide, mostly 1-seeded but if more then constricted between the seeds, ferruginous hairy; stipes 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Pistils occasionally paired; ovary silky pubescent, 0.8–1.1 mm. long, unilocular; style very short; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133234 morphology 8CD1834F-D544-415D-8260-04D83ED6F518 Fruit ellipsoid, 10–13 mm. long, 7–8 mm. in diameter, red, glandular-bullate, pubescent but later pilose, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775300-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Much-branched evergreen shrub or tree up to 20 m. high; bark grey; lenticels brown and raised; branchlets pubescent but becoming pilose or glabrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Leaves 1–3-foliolate; petiole 1–4 cm. long, subterete, slightly flattened or channelled above, puberulous to glabrate; leaflets elliptic-oblong, 4–10.2 cm. long, 2–3.7 cm. broad, obtuse to acute or retuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, coriaceous, glabrous, occasionally pubescent or with a few appressed hairs beneath, midrib prominently raised beneath; pellucid gland-dots numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Inflorescences lax panicles borne at the ends of the branchlets and in leaf-axils, 5–17 cm. long, pubescent; pedicels 0.5–2mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Flowers polygamous, yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Sepals 4, united at the base, triangular-ovate, 0.6–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Petals 4, oblong or ovate-oblong, 2–4 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Male flowers: stamens 4, (1–)3–4.5 mm. long; anthers basifixed; rudimentary ovary pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Bisexual and ♀ flowers with 4 stamens or 4 staminodes respectively, staminodes very short; ovary 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, glabrous, glandular, unilocular; style ± 0.5 mm.; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Fruit obliquely oblong-ovoid, 15–18 mm. long, 5–8 mm. in diameter, glabrous and glandular-foveolate and bullate, mucronate, dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0001133235 morphology 262123D3-61C3-4B5A-BC86-65FBF87A6477 Seed 10–12 mm. long, brown, with 2 easily separating cotyledons. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775311-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Evergreen shrub 1–3 m. high or occasionally a tree to 10 m.; branchlets minutely pubescent, with conspicuous lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Leaves alternate, trifoliolate, occasionally 1–2-foliolate by abortion; petiole (1–)3–9 cm. long; petiolules 0–5 mm. long; leaflets elliptic-oblong or occasionally ovate-elliptic, 11–22 cm. long, 4–7.5 cm. broad, acute to acuminate at the apex, narrowly cuneate, the laterals sometimes oblique at the base, entire, glabrous; midrib prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Inflorescence of short panicles or racemes 2–4 cm. long, terminal and often also in the leaf-axils, minutely pubescent; pedicels 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Flowers polygamous, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Calyx 4-lobed, 0.4–0.8 mm. long; lobes bluntly triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Petals 4, oblong, 2.5–4 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad, acute, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Male and bisexual flowers: stamens 4, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Female flower: staminodes 4, ± 1 mm. long; ovary 2-lobed, glabrous; style 0.5–0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000650049 morphology DD0EF93A-408D-4E09-9773-EDA0BA4BB051 Fruit 12–15 mm. long, up to 10 mm. in diameter, clearly 2-lobed when fully developed, occasionally with aborted seed, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772629-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Shrub or small tree up to 10 m. high, aromatic; young branches, leaves, spines and inflorescences pubescent or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Leaves (4.5–)6–13 cm. long; petiole 7–25 mm. long, often winged; rhachis with wings 1–4(–6) mm. broad on each side at the apex and gradually narrowing proximally; lateral leaflets opposite, 2–4 pairs, sessile to subsessile, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, ovate or obovate, 2–4.5(–6.5) cm. long, 0.7–2.5 cm. broad, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, crenulate, greyish pubescent on both surfaces, glabrescent, densely dotted with pellucid glands; lateral nerves 5–7 pairs; spines (0–)1–2, 1–4 cm. long, borne in the axils of the leaves, straight, robust. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Inflorescence of small racemes or clusters borne on short lateral branches or from sessile buds on leafless branches of the previous year. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Flowers 4-merous, cream coloured; pedicels 4–8 mm. long, slender, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Sepals ovate, 1–1.5 mm. long, puberulous, slightly united at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Petals 4–6 mm. long, 2–4 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Stamens 8, shorter than the petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Ovary ellipsoid, ± 1.5 mm. long; style 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607735 morphology 08EB896F-5292-46F6-B3EA-4C4AA05722B0 Fruit 14 mm. in diameter, punctate with oil glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771826-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Shrub or small tree, usually 2.5–5 m. high but occasionally much taller, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Leaves (3–)5-foliolate, 7–35 cm. long; rhachis broadly winged, narrowly obovate or elliptic, 15–35 mm. broad; lateral leaflets opposite, sessile to subsessile, broadly lanceolate, broadest in the middle and narrowing towards the apex and base, 2.5–14.5 cm. long, 1.2–6 cm. broad, acute or subacute at the apex, cuneate at the base, coarsely serrate, glabrous, coriaceous, terminal leaflet often the largest; spines 1.2–5.5 cm. long, (0–)1–2 in each leaf axil, straight, robust. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Inflorescence of small racemes or clusters borne on short lateral branches or from sessile buds on leafless branches of the previous year. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Flowers greenish white to cream, 4-merous; pedicels 2–5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Sepals slightly united at the base, ovate, 1–2(–4) mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Petals oblong with obtuse apex, 4–18 mm. long, 2–6 mm. broad, with pellucid gland-dots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Stamens 8, shorter than the petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Ovary ellipsoid, 1–1.8 mm. long, 4-locular; style 4–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Fruit subglobose, 12–25 mm. in diameter, punctate, green but turning orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Seeds 4 or 3 by abortion, similar to an orange seed, each enclosed in a husk, 10–12 mm. long, 4–6.5 mm. in diameter; testa cocoon-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0000607733 morphology 75A6DE6A-04A8-4BFF-A960-264C0EA16173 Fig. 10, p. 34. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:771824-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 A deciduous shrub or tree to 10 m. high; stem armed with large woody spines; branches glabrous, with terminal buds protected by dark scales, armed with black or reddish recurved usually paired prickles 5–17 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Leaves 6–22 cm. long, glabrous to densely hairy; rhachis armed below with a few small scattered prickles, subterete, slightly grooved above; leaflets (1–)2–5-paired, opposite to subopposite, sessile or the terminal one on a petiolule to 15 mm., ovate–oblong to elliptic, 2.5–9.5 cm. long, (1–)2–4.3 cm. broad, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, slightly crenulate to subentire, chartaceous to subchartaceous, sparsely dotted with pellucid glands; lateral nerves 6–9 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Inflorescence of racemes or panicles up to 9 cm. long, borne at the base of the new branches below the first leaves (rarely in the axils). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Flowers usually clustered, yellowish green, 4–5-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Male flowers: pedicels slender, 1.5–2 mm. long; sepals united at the base, 0.4 mm. long; petals elliptic, 2.5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad; stamens 4–5; filaments as long as the petals; gynophore very short; vestigial ovary ellipsoid, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Female flowers subsessile; staminodes reduced to the aborted anthers; ovary 1.1–1.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Fruit an oblique subglobose follicle, 5–8 mm. in diameter, glandular-bullate; stipe up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0001133237 morphology 9E67EC10-39A2-429E-968D-AD042BFE19E6 Seed black and shiny, 5–7 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775643-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Deciduous tree 10–35 m. high; trunk usually straight and without branches for several m., 30–90 cm. in diameter at the base, armed with conical woody prickle-bearing straight protuberances 1–3 cm. long; bark grey and smooth; branches glabrous, armed with conical reddish straight or slightly recurved prickles 2–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Leaves in terminal clusters, closely alternate, 25–120(–150) cm. long; rhachis terete at the base, flattened above, sometimes with straight sharp prickles 2–7 mm. long, glabrous; petiolules 5–10 mm. long; leaflets 13–27, alternate or subopposite, elliptic-oblong to elliptic, (8–)14–30 cm. long, 3.5–10 cm. broad, attenuate or abruptly acuminate to the obtuse apex, asymmetrical and cuneate or rounded at the base (sometimes very asymmetrical), entire or slightly crenulate, coriaceous, glabrous, gland-dots numerous but small and almost inconspicuous; midrib sometimes with sparse prickles, prominent beneath; lateral nerves 8–14 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Inflorescence of terminal and axillary pyramidal panicles, 20–34 cm. long, sometimes aculeate at the base; flowers clustered, sessile or very shortly pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Sepals 5, united halfway, ovate to subcircular, 0.5–0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Petals pandurate to obovate, 1–2.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad, white, turning brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Male flowers: stamens 5, all varying in length; filaments 1.5–2.8 mm. long; disk dome-shaped and lobed; vestigial ovary obsoletely lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Female flowers: staminodes 5, reduced to aborted anthers; gynophore 0.2–0.3 mm. long; ovary ovoid, 1–1.4 mm. long, foveolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Fruit reddish, subglobose, 3.5–6 mm. in diameter, glandular-foveolate, sessile or with a short stipe and a persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429498 morphology BAB847CC-DCF1-4E98-BAC2-F2A5A903FC9E Seed 2.5–3.5 mm. in diameter, with black shiny testa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775746-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Tree up to 30 m. high, 30–70 cm. in diameter at the base; trunk clear of branches up to 25 m. high, base of the trunk slightly bell-shaped at soil-level, somewhat sinuous; bark greyish green towards the base and grey above, with narrow longitudinal fissures which are rather close together; conical woody prickle-bearing outgrowths appear on the trunk at about 5 m. above the ground, they have laterally compressed prickles, are 4 cm. wide at the base and up to 5 cm. long, often in vertical rows; crown about 5 m. high and hardly more than 5 m. in diameter, with little crooked branches arranged obliquely and bent upward at the tips, branches with a few spines less than 2 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Leaves 15–50 cm. long; rhachis unarmed or rarely with a few sparse prickles, 15–50 cm. long, furrowed or winged; petiolule 1.5–4 mm. long, winged; leaflets (3–)6–8 pairs, opposite or rarely subopposite, asymmetric, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate or narrowly oblong-elliptic, 3–11 cm. long, 1.5–3.5 cm. broad, caudate-acuminate at the apex and with a narrow acumen 1–2 cm. long, rounded at the base, entire or sometimes crenate-serrulate towards the apex, glabrous, subcoriaceous; gland-dots sparsely distributed over the surface; lateral nerves 20–25 pairs, dark green and glossy on the upper surface, midrib whitish on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Inflorescence borne at the tips of branches, many-flowered, unarmed, paniculate, 5–15 cm. long; flowers 5-merous; pedicel 1–1.5 mm. long; peduncle and pedicels puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Sepals rounded at the apex, ciliate on the margin, puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Petals oblong-elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Male flower with a disk 1 mm. long, pistil rudimentary with an aborted carpel and a short cylindrical style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Female flower with small staminodes; pistil with a subglobose carpel 1 mm. in diameter; style curved, 0.5 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Fruit a subglobose follicle 4–5 mm. in diameter, brownish red, foveolate, shortly stipitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429557 morphology 6E5F0818-1F02-490B-AF0E-6CD608F81428 Seed subglobose, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter, dark blue and shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775815-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Medium-sized tree 6–15 m. high and up to 40 cm. in diameter at the base; stem or trunk armed with conical woody prickle-bearing outgrowths up to 6 cm. long; branches armed with short strong prickles; prickles 3–8 cm. long, brown with darker tips, straight or sometimes bent forwards or recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Leaves 15–55 cm. long; rhachis sometimes with recurved or straight prickles; petiolule 1–3 mm. long on lateral leaflets, and up to 25 mm. on terminal leaflet(s), the terminal leaflets sometimes in pairs; leaflets 4–8(–12) pairs, opposite or subopposite, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, usually unequal-sided, 2.5–12(–16) cm. long, 1.5–4(–7.5) cm. broad, acuminate or caudate at the apex, oblique and cuneate at the base, apparently entire towards the base but generally crenate-serrulate above, glabrous, coriaceous; gland-dots darker than the lamina surface; lateral nerves 8–16 pairs, fine and rather closely arranged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Inflorescence an axillary panicle with sessile mostly alternate flowers on the primary panicle branches, 15–30(–45) cm. long, puberulent with short glandular hairs to glabrescent; peduncle occasionally armed at the base; bracts short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Sepals 4, slightly united at the base, broadly ovate, 0.4–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Petals 4, oblong, 1.5–2 mm. long, 0.8–1 mm. broad, creamy white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Male flowers: stamens 4; rudimentary unicarpellate pistil present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Female flowers: vestigial staminodes 4; disk subcylindrical; ovary globose, ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Fruit a subglobose follicle 4–5 mm. in diameter, subsessile, reddish, foveolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429563 morphology F7B8147E-7EB9-4A8D-ADAE-F2314C4D96DE Seeds subglobose, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter, black and shiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775820-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Tree 12–30 m. high; trunk usually straight and unbranched for several m. from the base, averaging 30 cm. in diameter at maturity, armed with woody spines; bark generally smooth, yellowish brown and aromatic; branchlets armed with small black conical prickles 1.5–3 mm. long and frequently upturned or upcurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Leaves 15–37 cm. long; rhachis unarmed, rusty puberulent; petiolule (0–)0.5–2 or rarely up to 13 mm. on the terminal leaflet; leaflets 5–11 pairs, subopposite towards the base, progressively more opposite above, oblong to oblong-elliptic, 3–10.5 cm. long, 1.5–3.5 cm. broad, caudate to acuminate at the apex, cuneate and somewhat oblique* at the base, obscurely crenate, subcoriaceous, glabrous except the usually sparsely puberulent nerves beneath, with distinct pellucid glands; lateral nerves 8–16 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Inflorescences terminal and axillary, corymbose-paniculate, 5–11 cm. long, sometimes aculeate, with subumbellate flowers, rusty puberulent; bracts ± 1 mm. long; pedicels 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Sepals 4, 0.5–0.7 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Petals 4, oblong to elliptic-oblong, 1.6–2.2 mm. long, 1–1.4 mm. broad, obtuse, white, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Male flowers: stamens 4, 2–3.2 mm. long; vestigial pistil ± 1 mm. long on a short gynophore ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Fruit of paired rhomboid follicles 8–10 mm. long, 6–7 mm. in diameter, with a short beak, glandular-foveolate, each pair on a short common stipe but individually sessile, sometimes one of the pair rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0000429277 morphology 3844AA7A-7FD9-4028-A769-D02A69BB1E3F Seeds shiny black, 4–5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775863-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 A much-branched tree 8–14(–16) m. high; trunk without branches for several m., 22–35 cm. in diameter at the base, armed with conical woody prickle-bearing outgrowths 2–3 cm. long ending in sharp straight thorns 5–9 mm. long; bark conspicuously rough, with longitudinal ridges and furrows (as deep as 5 cm.), greyish brown but peeling yellow underneath; branches with sharp straight or slightly upcurved dark red prickles 6–12 mm. long; roots with yellow bark which (together with the bark) are heavily exploited for medicinal purposes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Leaves 10–24 cm. long; rhachis unarmed or with small straight or upcurved prickles; petiolule (0–)0.5–2 mm. long except on the terminal leaflets where it is up to 5 mm.; leaflets 2–8 pairs, usually subopposite to opposite, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 2.2–8 cm. long, 1.5–3 cm. broad, acuminate or apiculate to almost obtuse at the apex, obtuse and slightly oblique to cuneate at the base, crenate, with distinct pellucid glands along the margin, coriaceous, glabrous; midrib occasionally aculeate beneath; lateral nerves 8–16 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Inflorescence terminal much-branched corymbose panicles, 10–15 cm. long, 7–19 cm. broad, glabrous, with cymose clusters of flowers on pedicels 0–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Sepals 4, united at least at the base, ovate to elliptic, 1–1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Petals 4, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 2–4.5 mm. long, 1.5–2.2 mm. broad, apiculate or obtuse, white to cream or greenish yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Male flowers: stamens 4; filaments 2–6 mm. long and variable in length in the same flower; anthers 1–2 mm. long; gynophore short, glabrous; vestigial pistils 2, up to 1.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Female flowers: staminodes absent; gynophore short; ovaries 2, partially united, 1–1.5 mm. long; styles 2, 0.8–1 mm. long; stigmas 2, often partially united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133239 morphology D4593CD6-ED32-4AE7-9ADC-8A4D02D2A402 Fruit of paired subglobose follicles 8–10 mm. long, 6–7.5 mm. in diameter, mucronate, usually on a common stipe but individually sessile, one of the pair sometimes rudimentary, reddish green, glandular-foveolate, Seeds 5–7 mm. long, 4.5–5.5 mm. in diameter, dark blue-black and glossy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776091-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Shrub or small tree with scandent branches; branches and branchlets armed with blackish red recurved prickles 3–12 mm. long, generally greyish, smooth; bark rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Leaves 6–20 cm. long; rhachis with many upcurved or upward pointing prickles 1.5–3 mm. long; petiolule 0.5–2 mm. long, occasionally up to 5 mm. on terminal leaflet; leaflets 4–7 pairs, subopposite towards the base to opposite above, ovate or oblong to ovate-elliptic, 2.5–6 cm. long, 1.2–2.8 cm. broad, acute to rarely acuminate or obtuse at the apex, obtuse or truncate and occasionally slightly oblique at the base, conspicuously crenate and punctate along the margin, subcoriaceous, glabrous to pubescent when young, with scattered pellucid glands; midrib frequently armed beneath; lateral nerves 8–12 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Inflorescences terminal, corymbose-paniculate with ultimate branches umbel-like, pubescent; pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Sepals 4, united halfway, 0.5–0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Petals 4, elliptic-oblong, 2–2.5 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. broad, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Male flowers: stamens 4, 2–2.8 mm. long; anthers ± 1 mm. long; vestigial pistil up to 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Fruit of generally paired subglobose follicles 7–9 mm. long, 6–7.5 mm. in diameter, with a short common stipe but individually sessile, one of the pair sometimes rudimentary, scarlet, glandular-foveolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133240 morphology ED4F578A-4B3E-4D56-A8E0-0602B1A17AC5 Seed 6–7 mm. long, 4.4–5.5 mm. in diameter, dark brown or dark red and glossy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775826-1 wfo-0001133241 morphology 15A69234-6751-48DA-82DA-C5789980E8B0 A liane, scandent shrub or shrub to 10 m. high; branchlets glabrous, dull red with brown lenticels, with short upcurved prickles 3–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 wfo-0001133241 morphology 15A69234-6751-48DA-82DA-C5789980E8B0 Leaves 15–37 cm. long; rhachis with upcurved prickles 1–3 mm. long; petiolule (0–)0.5–2 mm. or rarely to 13 mm. on the terminal leaflet; leaflets 5–11 pairs, subopposite below, progressively more opposite above, oblong or elliptic-oblong to obovate-oblong, 5–13 cm. long, 2–3.5 cm. broad, caudate or acuminate at the apex, cuneate and somewhat oblique at the base, crenate, papyraceous, glabrous; midrib prominent and occasionally armed beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 wfo-0001133241 morphology 15A69234-6751-48DA-82DA-C5789980E8B0 Inflorescence of terminal panicles up to 17 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 wfo-0001133241 morphology 15A69234-6751-48DA-82DA-C5789980E8B0 Flowers whitish green, imperfectly known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 wfo-0001133241 morphology 15A69234-6751-48DA-82DA-C5789980E8B0 Fruit of paired rhomboid follicles 8–10 mm. long, 6–7 mm. in diameter, with a common stipe but individually sessile, frequently one of the pair rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 wfo-0001133241 morphology 15A69234-6751-48DA-82DA-C5789980E8B0 Seed 4–5 mm. in diameter, shiny black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775925-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Shrub or small tree 2–9 m. high, sometimes scandent; trunk with conical corky bosses 3.5–5 cm. in diameter; branches not or sparsely armed with straight or slightly recurved prickles 2–7 mm. long, glabrous or rarely brownish pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Leaves 15–40 cm. long; rhachis usually unarmed, rarely with 1–2 prickles; petiolules (1.5–)2–4 mm. long, the terminal one up to 30 mm.; leaflets 3–4 pairs, opposite, ovate to elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 7–15 cm. long, 3–6.5 cm. broad, obtuse to acute or shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate and occasionally asymmetric at the base, crenulate to minutely and obtusely serrulate, papyraceous, glabrous, densely dotted with pellucid glands; lateral nerves 8–12 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Inflorescence a terminal pyramidal panicle 8–25 cm. long; flowers mostly in cymose clusters, rarely alternate, with pedicels (1–) 2–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Sepals 4, slightly united at the base, ovate to subcircular, 0.5 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Petals 4, 1.5–3 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. broad, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Male flowers: stamens 4; filaments 1–2.8 mm. long; anthers ± 0.8 mm. long; gynophore short, glabrous; vestigial ovary ovoid, lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Female flowers: staminodes 4, vestigial; gynophore ± 0.4 mm. long; ovary of 1 carpel, 1–1.5 mm. long; style 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Fruit globose, 4–6 mm. in diameter, scarlet, densely gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133202 morphology C4A81611-296A-4032-82A9-BE403509D6DA Seed compressed-globose, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter, shiny black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775773-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Shrub or small tree usually 2–3 m. high, sometimes several-stemmed; bark grey, with scattered straight or slightly recurved spines and prickles 2–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Leaves 15–35 cm. long, rusty pubescent or greyish tomentose to glabrescent; rhachis sometimes sparsely armed; petiolules 0-1(–1.5) mm. long; leaflets 3–4 pairs, opposite or subopposite, ovate to elliptic, the first pair more ovate to deltoid, 4–12.2 cm. long, 2.5–6 cm. broad, acute to acuminate at the apex, broadly cuneate to shallowly cordate at the base, obscurely crenate-serrate; lateral nerves 6–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Inflorescence a terminal pyramidal panicle 10–18 cm. long; peduncle pubescent; flowers clustered, on pedicels 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Sepals 4, slightly united at the base, ovate to subcircular, 0.6–1 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Petals 4, 1.5–3.5 mm. long, 1–1.3 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Male flowers: stamens 4, 2–3 mm. long; gynophore pulviniform, glabrous; vestigial ovary obsoletely lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Fruit globose, 4.5–6 mm. in diameter, ripening brown, reticulate and densely gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133242 morphology 8C42A728-122E-4BDF-850E-46EA43B76738 Seed subglobose, 4.5–5.5 mm. in diameter, glossy black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:776079-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Shrub or small tree to 8 m. high, sometimes straggling; trunk with aculeate bosses, ± 25 cm. in diameter near the base; branches glabrous, with reddish brown conical prickles 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Leaves 15–56 cm. long; rhachis usually unarmed and rusty pubescent; leaflets 4–8 pairs, opposite to subopposite, subsessile except the terminal one with a petiolule 2–22 mm. long, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, (5–)7–17 cm. long, 2.5–6.5 cm. broad, acuminate or acute at the apex, cuneate and somewhat asymmetric at the base, crenulate-denticulate to broadly serrate, glandular pubescent or hispid; glandular dots numerous and conspicuously dark; lateral nerves 18–24 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Inflorescence a terminal panicle 10–29 (–34) cm. long, pubescent; flowers clustered, on pedicels 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Sepals 4, free or slightly united, broadly ovate, 0.4–0.7 mm. long, pubescent below, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-4000020742 morphology 249761D6-E3FC-475B-8999-6E6CF17D8AE4 Achenes cylindric or fusiform, sometimes beaked, ribbed, usually dimorphic with the outer darker and rugose, the inner pale and smooth; pappus of setae only, or of mixed setae and downy hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9682-1 wfo-4000036936 morphology 340EFD09-4DE9-46CD-9ED0-404EF93E1FC1 Annual herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11185-1 wfo-4000036936 morphology 340EFD09-4DE9-46CD-9ED0-404EF93E1FC1 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11185-1 wfo-4000036936 morphology 340EFD09-4DE9-46CD-9ED0-404EF93E1FC1 Capitula congested in axillary sessile clusters, homogamous, many-flowered; phyllaries in several series, imbricate, slightly unequal, the innermost longest urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11185-1 wfo-4000036936 morphology 340EFD09-4DE9-46CD-9ED0-404EF93E1FC1 Florets 3-4-lobed; anthers sagittate, with triangular distal appendage; style branches subulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11185-1 wfo-4000036936 morphology 340EFD09-4DE9-46CD-9ED0-404EF93E1FC1 Achenes slightly angular with 3-4 angles, glandular; pappus a thick, oblique corona. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11185-1 wfo-4000014069 morphology 137764AC-15BA-40CB-B3FD-6F6D947911AE  Annual or less often perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8874-1 wfo-4000014069 morphology 137764AC-15BA-40CB-B3FD-6F6D947911AE Leaves alternate, sometimes proximally opposite, subsessile (in ours), linear or lanceolate, glandular-punctate; indument of simple multicellular and globose glandular hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8874-1 wfo-4000014069 morphology 137764AC-15BA-40CB-B3FD-6F6D947911AE Capitula homogamous, small, in corymbose inflorescences, sometimes somewhat scorpioid simple or compound cymes; involucres short; phyllaries (2-)3-4-seriate, imbricate; receptacle flat, naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8874-1 wfo-4000014069 morphology 137764AC-15BA-40CB-B3FD-6F6D947911AE Florets white, pink or purplish, much exserted from the involucre, tube with a short tubular proximal part, distally widening gradually or widening into a cylindric part, glandular, lobes 5; anthers with short basal auricles and a distal ovate-lanceolate appendage; style branches stout, subulate, hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8874-1 wfo-4000014069 morphology 137764AC-15BA-40CB-B3FD-6F6D947911AE Achenes more or less turbinate, especially the outer often curved and sometimes subcompressed, 2-6-angled and ribbed, glandular between the ribs, otherwise usually glabrous, truncate, crowned with an obscure to shortly tubular and irregularly toothed cartilaginous apical rim, cup or tubular cup contiguous with the ribs; pappus absent, or rarely a short corona. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8874-1 wfo-4000032587 morphology 5B14EFD0-5CFE-483B-94B5-69F402983756  Annual herbs; stems erect, leafy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10811-1 wfo-4000032587 morphology 5B14EFD0-5CFE-483B-94B5-69F402983756 Vegetative indument of mixed flagelliform hairs and smaller T-shaped hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10811-1 wfo-4000032587 morphology 5B14EFD0-5CFE-483B-94B5-69F402983756 Leaves alternate, pinnatilobed or pinnatisect, the lobes revolute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10811-1 wfo-4000032587 morphology 5B14EFD0-5CFE-483B-94B5-69F402983756 Capitula homogamous, many in corymbiform cymes; involucre subglobose to urceolate; phyllaries increasing in size upwards, slightly scarious, ± indurated proximally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10811-1 wfo-4000032587 morphology 5B14EFD0-5CFE-483B-94B5-69F402983756 Florets narrowly funnel-shaped, with 5 lobes; anthers with obtuse sagittate bases and shortly ovate-appendiculate apices; style branches subulate and hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10811-1 wfo-4000032587 morphology 5B14EFD0-5CFE-483B-94B5-69F402983756 Achenes oblong, truncate, without pappus. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10811-1 wfo-4000016395 morphology B638F6E4-3591-429D-8AE8-95C695108847  Annual or perennial herbs, with an indument of short-stalked T-shaped hairs with long arms; leaves opposite or alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9134-1 wfo-4000016395 morphology B638F6E4-3591-429D-8AE8-95C695108847 Capitula fairly small, homogamous and discoid in small clusters or in lax corymbiform cymes; involucre obconic to cyathiform; phyllaries ± spreading, the outermost smallest, the innermost largest, usually with hyaline margins; receptacle smooth or alveolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9134-1 wfo-4000016395 morphology B638F6E4-3591-429D-8AE8-95C695108847 Florets purple or mauve, narrowly infundibuliform with 5 lobes, usually puberulous, the lobes sometimes with bristles or T-hairs; anthers obtuse at base, with narrowly ovate appendages at the apex; style branches linear, hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9134-1 wfo-4000016395 morphology B638F6E4-3591-429D-8AE8-95C695108847 Achenes turbinate or oblong-obconic, rounded or truncate at the apex, without ribs or 4-10-ribbed; pappus absent or of a few caducous setae, rarely of persistent scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9134-1 wfo-4000013910 morphology E69F1411-4115-43B8-AFB0-5B22B7B1C7D3  Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8854-1 wfo-4000013910 morphology E69F1411-4115-43B8-AFB0-5B22B7B1C7D3 Leaves alternate, sessile; indument of simple multicellular hairs with an apical straight elongated cell urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8854-1 wfo-4000013910 morphology E69F1411-4115-43B8-AFB0-5B22B7B1C7D3 Capitula terminal, solitary or forming lax corymbiform cymes, homogamous, discoid; phyllaries 2-5-seriate, imbricate, subequal or the inner progressively longer, the outer sometimes foliaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8854-1 wfo-4000013910 morphology E69F1411-4115-43B8-AFB0-5B22B7B1C7D3 Florets many, purplish, exserted, tube cylindric, distally infundibuliform, lobes 5, usually hirsute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8854-1 wfo-4000013910 morphology E69F1411-4115-43B8-AFB0-5B22B7B1C7D3 Achenes oblong-obovoid, prismatic and 3-6-angled or -ribbed, pitted and glandular between the ribs, pilose on the ribs; pappus of few caducous bristles, barbellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8854-1 wfo-4000005075 morphology 1B8EAA55-E490-44B4-AFCE-70CA745AD896  Perennial or rarely annual herbs, often with annual shoots from a woody rootstock, or shrubs; indument of flagelliform or asymmetric T-shaped hairs, with uniseriate multicellular stalks each bearing an elongate erect or eccentric terminal cell urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7952-1 wfo-4000005075 morphology 1B8EAA55-E490-44B4-AFCE-70CA745AD896 Leaves alternate, opposite or mixed, or whorled, aromatic, variously serrate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7952-1 wfo-4000005075 morphology 1B8EAA55-E490-44B4-AFCE-70CA745AD896 Capitula rarely few, usually numerous in lax to often congested terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; bracteoles usually inconspicuous; involucres hemispherical to narrowly obconic-cylindrical, phyllaries 3-5-seriate, the inner progressively longer than the outer, imbricate, usually darker and often pubescent centrally below the apex, with often conspicuous pale membranous margins fimbriate-pectinate towards the apex; receptacle plane or alveolate, rarely paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7952-1 wfo-4000005075 morphology 1B8EAA55-E490-44B4-AFCE-70CA745AD896 Florets little to rather conspicuously exserted from the involucre, with cylindrical tube and infundibuliform limb, glandular and in the lower part often sparsely pubescent, lobes 5, narrow, glabrous or rarely with a few hairs at the apex, purple, mauve, lilac, blue or white; anthers subacute at base, the distal appendage lanceolate; style distally hairy, the long arms also hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7952-1 wfo-4000005075 morphology 1B8EAA55-E490-44B4-AFCE-70CA745AD896 Achenes brownish, prismatic or cylindrical, generally with 4-8 rounded ribs, usually glandular between the ribs, with or without a denticulate cartilaginous apical collar; pappus very caducous, of few short, slightly barbellate bristles, or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7952-1 wfo-4000012220 morphology 27DE9E0B-C6B2-43F8-9512-549B1A6C6193  Shrubs, lianas or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8653-1 wfo-4000012220 morphology 27DE9E0B-C6B2-43F8-9512-549B1A6C6193 Leaves alternate, often triplinerved proximally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8653-1 wfo-4000012220 morphology 27DE9E0B-C6B2-43F8-9512-549B1A6C6193 Capitula homogamous, many-flowered, solitary, in corymbs or panicles; florets yellow or orange, normally bisexual and fertile, narrowly cylindric proximally, widening abruptly, with five regular lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8653-1 wfo-4000012220 morphology 27DE9E0B-C6B2-43F8-9512-549B1A6C6193 Achenes usually 10-ribbed; pappus usually double, of an outer row of flattened bristles or scales and an inner row of bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8653-1 wfo-4000040166 morphology 7CDE7706-2BCF-453D-84F7-C2B3F036EBEE  Annual or perennial herbs, often with annual stems from woody rootstocks, or shrubs to trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325949-2 wfo-4000040166 morphology 7CDE7706-2BCF-453D-84F7-C2B3F036EBEE Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, sometimes radical, penninerved (rarely 3-5-nerved from the base), often glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325949-2 wfo-4000040166 morphology 7CDE7706-2BCF-453D-84F7-C2B3F036EBEE Capitula homogamous, 1-many-flowered, in corymbiform cymes or various paniculate, spicate, or clustering inflorescences; involucre variously shaped; phyllaries free in several series, imbricate, the apex sometimes with a coloured appendage; receptacle plane or alveolate, sometimes the alveolae fimbriate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325949-2 wfo-4000040166 morphology 7CDE7706-2BCF-453D-84F7-C2B3F036EBEE Florets normally bisexual and fertile, narrowly cylindric proximally, widening abruptly, with five regular lobes; anthers distally with linear or lanceolate appendage; style branches long-tapering with stigmatic papillae on the inner surface near the base, pilose beneath usually with simple hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325949-2 wfo-4000040166 morphology 7CDE7706-2BCF-453D-84F7-C2B3F036EBEE Achenes of various shapes, smooth or ribbed, with or without a distinct basal callus; pappus usually 2-seriate with the outer whorl short, of scales or setae, sometimes caducous, the inner whorl of long setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325949-2 wfo-4000011257 morphology 36A8BD41-4377-4E06-B758-FB292C88A366 Perennial herbs with annual stems from a small woody rootstock urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8576-1 wfo-4000011257 morphology 36A8BD41-4377-4E06-B758-FB292C88A366 Leaves alternate, subsessile, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8576-1 wfo-4000011257 morphology 36A8BD41-4377-4E06-B758-FB292C88A366 Capitula homogamous, solitary or in corymbiform cymes; receptacle paleate, the paleae grading from the inner phyllaries and usually exceeding them urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8576-1 wfo-4000011257 morphology 36A8BD41-4377-4E06-B758-FB292C88A366 Florets exserted; corolla purplish, the lobes setose; anthers with small triangular hyaline appendage; style branches tapering, hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8576-1 wfo-4000011257 morphology 36A8BD41-4377-4E06-B758-FB292C88A366 Achenes 4–5-angled, with scattered large brown cells; pappus double, the outer of 5–15 scales, the inner of rather few, slightly flattened, barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8576-1 wfo-4000000738 morphology 8EDB09B3-37C1-45C2-8F24-CC39B1BA9F35 Perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7486-1 wfo-4000000738 morphology 8EDB09B3-37C1-45C2-8F24-CC39B1BA9F35 Leaves alternate, amplexicaul urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7486-1 wfo-4000000738 morphology 8EDB09B3-37C1-45C2-8F24-CC39B1BA9F35 Capitula terminal, sessile, large, homogamous, solitary or in few-headed inflorescences, surrounded and overtopped by upper leaves; receptacle epaleate; corolla with long tube and 5 lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7486-1 wfo-4000000738 morphology 8EDB09B3-37C1-45C2-8F24-CC39B1BA9F35 Achenes many-ribbed; pappus multiseriate, of barbellate, somewhat flattened bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7486-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Perennial herbs with annual stems from a woody rootstock; stems many, densely leafy, with flagelliform hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Leaves alternate or opposite, glandular-punctate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Capitula homogamous; involucre with several series of phyllaries; receptacle flat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Corolla regularly 5-lobed, with hairy lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Anthers with wide hyaline appendage and short tails. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Style branches subulate, hairy on outside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000000937 morphology BEC12D7E-174C-4F2A-9A5D-72433415B649 Achenes 4–5-angled, truncate at apex, glandular; pappus of lacerate scales or of alternating scales and setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7511-1 wfo-4000005282 morphology F037E660-B249-499F-A108-190BB69B85C1 Perennial herbs; roots fleshy, almost tuberous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7984-1 wfo-4000005282 morphology F037E660-B249-499F-A108-190BB69B85C1 Leaves alternate, occasionally subopposite or whorled, sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7984-1 wfo-4000005282 morphology F037E660-B249-499F-A108-190BB69B85C1 Capitula solitary or clustered in scorpioid cymose inflorescences; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, subequal or with the inner somewhat longer than the outer; corolla with cylindrical tube and infundibuliform limb, pubescent on lower part, lobes 5, narrow, with stiff apical hairs, sometimes also pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7984-1 wfo-4000005282 morphology F037E660-B249-499F-A108-190BB69B85C1 Achenes 3–5-angled or -ribbed; pappus double, the outer of free or connate membranous lacerate scales, the inner of longer, caducous, brownish, somewhat flattened, barbellate setae, the outer sometimes absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7984-1 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Perennial herbs with annual stems from woody rootstocks; roots many, thong-like; indument of stiff hairs; stems branching in their distal part urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Leaves alternate, the upper ones diminishing in size and grading into inflorescence bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Capitula homogamous, few-flowered, tightly packed into glomerules subtended by bracts; phyllaries few-seriate, ± cartilaginous with pungent apices urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Corolla 5-lobed, more deeply cleft on one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Anthers sagittate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Style branches linear, hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000013180 morphology C214163F-8CBE-47B3-80E2-514734173E07 Achenes 10-ribbed, usually glandular between the ribs; pappus 1-seriate, the bases scale-like but rapidly tapering and barbellate bristle-like above. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020030-2 wfo-4000018907 morphology 4113E781-6BCF-4EC5-BBF3-951DC9041990 Perennial herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9462-1 wfo-4000018907 morphology 4113E781-6BCF-4EC5-BBF3-951DC9041990 Leaves rosulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9462-1 wfo-4000018907 morphology 4113E781-6BCF-4EC5-BBF3-951DC9041990 Capitula small, few-flowered, in cymose glomerules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9462-1 wfo-4000018907 morphology 4113E781-6BCF-4EC5-BBF3-951DC9041990 Achenes 10-ribbed; pappus double, the outer of persistent short scales, the inner of easily deciduous scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9462-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Perennial erect rosette-forming herbs with woody rootstock bearing many adventitious roots, scapose or escapose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Leaves simple, radical, conspicuously white-felted beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Capitula solitary, heterogamous, radiate with yellow florets; involucre hemispherical, phyllaries multiseriate, imbricate; receptacle flat or convex, naked or shortly fringed with scales resembling those of the pappus urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Ray florets pistillate; disc florets hermaphrodite, 5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Anthers united, with sagittate bases and ovate, obtuse apical appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Style branches patent with rounded tips urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000016856 morphology B7E6E889-C9B3-4715-97A0-9943A15DF779 Achenes turbinate; pappus of few to many free or partially united membranous scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9193-1 wfo-4000004485 morphology 1A250A1E-2327-4A4F-B8AE-D034EFCDB005 Shrubby or herbaceous, often thistle-like, perennial urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331395-2 wfo-4000004485 morphology 1A250A1E-2327-4A4F-B8AE-D034EFCDB005 Leaves alternate, sometimes decurrent and stems winged, occasionally forming a pseudo-rosette, margins of wings and leaves spiny urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331395-2 wfo-4000004485 morphology 1A250A1E-2327-4A4F-B8AE-D034EFCDB005 Inflorescence solitary, racemose or subcorymbose; capitula eradiate or more usually radiate, showy; phyllaries multiseriate, usually spreading, the middle usually the longest, connate at base, ± stiff and variably spiny, spinescent, occasionally unarmed and spinescent; receptacle flat or shallowly domed, pitted, pits with scarious entire, dentate or erose walls sometimes produced into spines or scales urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331395-2 wfo-4000004485 morphology 1A250A1E-2327-4A4F-B8AE-D034EFCDB005 Ray florets sterile or absent, when present in 1 series, spreading, yellow rarely white, entire with 5–10 veins and up to 5 teeth, ray narrowing into tube in lower part; staminodes usually present; disc florets bisexual, fertile, regular, tubular, enlarged above, normally 5-partite; anthers united, bases sagittate with obtuse to acuminate tails or auricled; styles forked (undivided in sterile florets) with narrow branches rounded at apex; all florets variably hyaline-multicellular-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331395-2 wfo-4000004485 morphology 1A250A1E-2327-4A4F-B8AE-D034EFCDB005 Achenes set in pits, obovoid or more often turbinate, clearly or indistinctly ribbed, glabrous to long silky-hairy; pappus persistent, (exserted from pits), forming a usually sub-biseriate, rarely uni- or multi-seriate corona to the achene; pappus scales briefly connate at base, scarious, glabrous to hairy often dentate or erose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331395-2 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Annual or short-lived perennial herbs, sometimes shrubby, usually much-branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Leaves alternate, usually heavily felted beneath, revolute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Capitula heterogamous, terminal, solitary, radiate; involucre often urn-shaped, sometimes bowl-shaped with numerous partially united imbricate phyllaries; receptacle flat, alveolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Ray florets uniseriate, spreading, subentire at tip, sterile; disc florets fertile or innermost sterile, regular, tubular, 5-merous, limb usually erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Anthers united with minutely sagittate bases and apical appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Style branches patent, linear, obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000017983 morphology 80FA2A79-76E6-4AF2-9145-69BA3798EB4A Achenes turbinate, densely long-hairy and crowned with a uni- or bi-seriate pappus of membranous spirally overlapping scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9376-1 wfo-4000006202 morphology 9D6B57A2-AB6A-4FDD-B42C-94A537FECB4D Ericoid shrub or tree to 2.5 m with corky bark; leaves linear, 2–2.5 cm long, densely spirally arranged; flowers sessile forming one-sided inflorescences at base of branchlets (a “one-sided bottle brush”); staminal bundles and style crimson, ± 3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27455-1 wfo-4000021354 morphology 49C1AEC5-B1FC-4627-9A38-25349905B3C7 Several species of Leptospermum have been grown as ornaments and the names of some are not altogether clear urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331709-2 wfo-4000021354 morphology 49C1AEC5-B1FC-4627-9A38-25349905B3C7 The genus has been monographed by J. Thompson in Telopea 3: 301–448 (1989). urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331709-2 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Trees or shrubs with smooth to very rough bark of various types urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Leaves usually markedly different in juvenile, intermediate and adult phases, the juveniles often opposite, cordate and sessile but adults mostly alternate, usually petiolate, falcate and pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Flower usually in umbel-like condensed usually pedunculate dichasial cymes, either single or more rarely paired in the leaf-axils or in terminal corymbose panicles; flowers 3 or more per umbel or in a few species solitary, sessile or pedicellate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Calyx-limb and corolla each or together forming an operculum which is shed at anthesis but calyx-lobes sometimes free, falling separately or together urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Stamens numerous; anthers dehiscing by pores or slits; connective mostly with a dorsal or terminal gland urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Ovary 2–7-locular, inferior or partly superior; ovules numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000014088 morphology 11DE6043-7F6D-4033-9809-48D64EB1A25C Capsule usually woody, loculicidal or rarely circumscissile with scars left by falling operculum and androecium; disc convex or descending; valves included to exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:27534-1 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Leaves opposite (at least in ours) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Inflorescence axillary, 1–3-flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Calyx unlobed and almost or completely concealing the corolla before anthesis, subsequently splitting irregularly into 4–5 lobes, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Petals 4–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Stamens numerous, free urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Ovary imperfectly (2–)4–5(–7)-locular with 4–5 intrusive parietal placentas; ovules numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000031762 morphology BA17576A-885F-4383-9870-5363F1707FB8 Fruit a berry with numerous angular seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004423-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Mostly glabrous trees, shrubs or geoxylic subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Leaves opposite, penninerved, usually with an intramarginal vein urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Inflorescences usually terminal and axillary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Flowers solitary and axillary or more usually in cymes or panicles, 4–5-merous; receptacle sometimes prolonged above the ovary and base usually narrowed to form a pseudopedicel above the bracteoles which are usually inconspicuous and deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Calyx-lobes persistent or falling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Petals free or more or less united into a calyptra (in African species) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Stamens usually numerous and conspicuous, in several series borne on receptacle rim, free or inconspicuously arranged in 4 obscure bundles; filaments filiform; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal lateral slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Ovary 2(rarely 3–4)-locular, the locules usually near distal part of ovary; ovules few to numerous in each locule, in crowded subcapitate clusters attached to the central partitions urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Style filiform; stigma minute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000037381 morphology 6DCBC7D2-DE41-4479-8547-1E878AB26478 Fruit a fleshy or dry leathery berry with 1–2 (rarely more) ± large seeds; testa membranous to crustaceous; cotyledons fleshy, usually completely free or partially fused (rarely completely fused). urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327906-2 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Trees or shrubs with stellate indumentum; functionally dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Leaves alternate, large, palmately nerved from the base; stipules falling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Flowers functionallyunisexual in pedunculate terminal and lateral branched corymbiform cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Receptacle obconic, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Calyx 0.7–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Corolla 4.5–6 cm. long, pinkish red to mauve with yellow to orange band around vents, the reddish tip only slightly swollen over the anthers, apiculate, not swollen at the base; tube papillate on upper part inside; lobes erect, ± coherent, 10–12 mm. long, the expanded part linear-lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Stamens inserted near top of tube, inflexed to involute, reddish, tip of filaments slightly narrowed and hardened; no tooth; anthers 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Style slightly broadened opposite the filaments, with a slight neck 3.5–5 mm. long; stigma ovoid, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523880 morphology 982B3EB1-A7A4-494D-9116-B9CBA64CD700 Berry white, marked red, oblong-obovoid, 10 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter; seed orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969301-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Glabrous shrub with spreading or tangled branches to 1 m. or so, with tufts of leaves and flowers pointing upwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Leaves subopposite to alternate on long shoots, mostly in tufts on very short shoots, shortly petiolate, linear to oblanceolate, 5–30 mm. long, 0.7–4 mm. wide, pointed to rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base, obscurely nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Umbels terminal from leaf-clusters, 2–4-flowered; peduncle 0–7 mm. long; pedicels 3–10 mm. long; bract with a small lanceolate-triangular limb 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Calyx 0.3–0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Corolla 4–5 cm. long; tube grey to slightly purplish grey, dull purplish or brownish inside, lobes marked yellow or yellow and red on claws; apical swelling of buds narrowly elliptic, pointed to slightly apiculate, 4–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter; base of tube not swollen; lobes erect, 9–10 mm. long, expanded around filament-attachment below the narrow claw, upper half to two-thirds narrowly spathulate to linear-oblanceolate, attenuate to tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Stamens yellow, inflexed, tapered, narrowed near tip, without a tooth; anthers 1.8–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Style mostly green, yellow near the apex, slender, flattened above, slightly narrowed to 4 mm. long neck below small green stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523849 morphology 7C034332-AC25-4B8D-951A-1B44E53AD73C Berry obovoid, 10 mm. long, 5–6 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003119-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Stems spreading to 1–2 m. long, often with rather short lateral branches; branchlets flattened, becoming terete or 4-angled to slightly winged; plant glabrous except sometimes for short hairs in axils, on umbels and bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole (0–)2–6(–10) mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, dull to dark green or sometimes slightly blue-green, mostly lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or elliptic, 4–12 cm. long, 2–5 cm. wide, lowest ones on flowering branchlets smaller and more obovate, narrowed or slightly acuminate to the obtuse or subacute apex, cuneate to rounded or rarely cordate at the base, with 6–12 pairs of lateral nerves, 2–several lower ones more strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Umbels solitary in the axils or terminal on short shoots, 8–16-flowered; peduncle 0.8–2.5(–4) cm. long; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bracts shallowly cupular with an enlarged limb; limb lanceolate to oblanceolate or foliaceous, flat or boat-shaped, sometimes slightly to conspicuously spurred from the back, 6–20 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Calyx 0.6–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Corolla 3.5–5(–5.5) cm. long, white at the base, then pink or orange, banded green-yellow just below vents, yellow or yellow and red over vents, with green tip, occasionally almost wholly white; apical swelling obovoid-ellipsoid, slightly apiculate, angular to slightly ribbed, 3.5–5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling slight; lobes erect, 8–10(–12) mm. long, the upper expanded part oblong-elliptic, 3.5–4(–5) mm. long, 1–1.2(–1.5) mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Stamen-filaments red below, yellow or green above; tooth 0.5–0.8 mm. long; anthers 1.5–2(–3) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Style green above, slender, isodiametric; stigma capitate, 0.6 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Berry red, oblong-ellipsoid, 7–8 mm. long, 4.5–5 mm. in diameter; seed bright yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523873 morphology 50F89C55-EAAE-44F6-B189-C25332927D6C Fig. 10/1–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969296-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Stems spreading and pendent to 1 m. long, often with rather short lateral branches; branchlets slightly compressed at first, soon terete; plant glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole 3–7 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, dark green, mostly ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 3–11 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. wide, lowest on side branches smaller and more obovate, narrowed or acuminate to acute or shortly rounded apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, with 6–12 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones stronger and more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Umbels axillary or terminal on short branches, 4–8(–14)-flowered; peduncle 1.5–4 cm. long; pedicels 2–4 mm. long; bract saucer-shaped with a small triangular-ovate limb 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Calyx 0.2–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Corolla 3.5–4.5 cm. long, tube pink or pinkish mauve (sometimes white below), often darker lined, then green with head yellow or green in bud, ± darker marked around vents; lobes green inside; apex of bud ovoid-ellipsoid to ellipsoid, angled, slightly ribbed, pointed or slightly acuminate at the apex, 3–4 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling slight; lobes erect, 10–11 mm. long, the upper expanded part narrowly elliptic, 4 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Stamen-filaments dark red or purple; tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Style green, slender, only slightly narrowed above; stigma capitate, 0.7–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523847 morphology B8631212-2C3E-4DAD-9EB0-889447295D02 Berry red, not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969279-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Plant glabrous; branchlets angular, densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, 3–7 cm. long, 1.5–3.5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, penninerved with 4–6 lateral nerves on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Umbels 2–4-flowered; peduncle 1–1.5 mm. long; pedicels 0.5 mm. long; bract cupular, with a short truncate limb, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Receptacle 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Calyx saucer-shaped, 0.5–0.7 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Corolla 2.5 cm. long or ?rather more, with yellow basal swelling, otherwise purplish red; apical swelling of bud slightly oblong-fusiform, slightly apiculate, 4.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling 2–2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter, with tube narrowly constricted for 2 mm. above; lobes erect, 9–10 mm. long, upper half narrowly linear-oblanceolate, only slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Filaments inserted a little above the base of the lobes, slender, decurved, slightly corrugated; anthers 3 mm. long; connective produced apically with a transversely elliptic appendage 0.4 mm. long and as wide as the anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Style slender; stigma globose, 0.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523866 morphology D80AE92B-CBCC-4BEE-98D6-2BAC50ACAD81 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969290-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Shrub to 1 m. or so, glabrous; branchlets slightly compressed, then slightly 4-angular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Leaves opposite to alternate; petiole 0–2 mm. long; lamina dull green to yellow-green, fleshy, ovate to ovate-elliptic or obovate, 3–8 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate to attenuate to slightly cordate at the base, 3–5(–7)-nerved from a little above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Umbels 1–several, mostly at older nodes, 2–4-flowered; peduncle 1–2 mm. long; pedicels 1 mm. long; bract cupular with a small ovate-triangular limb, 1–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Calyx tubular, 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Corolla 1.8–3.3 cm. long, pink, lobes green with upper two-thirds red, or sometimes all cream or greenish cream; apical swelling of bud slightly clavate, 3–5 mm. long, 1.7–2 mm. in diameter, apiculate, slightly 5-angled to sutures above and to keels below; basal swelling 0; lobes erect, 6–11 mm. long, keeled, upper two-thirds linear-oblanceolate, apiculate, slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Filaments yellow-green or cream, inflexed, slightly corrugated, last 1.5–2 mm. thinner and smooth; anther 2–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Style slender, minutely papillate opposite the upper part of corolla-tube, green above; stigma depressed-globose, 0.8 mm. across, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523841 morphology 002E4FDC-8F77-4DF3-B01C-496053BA8710 Berry pink to red, obovoid-ellipsoid, 7–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter, with persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969276-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Shrub 40–100 cm. or so; branchlets slightly compressed to 4-angular, then terete, glabrous to red-brown tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Leaves alternate to subopposite, rather densely set; petiole 1–2(–5) mm. long; lamina leathery to rather thick and brittle, dull yellowish green, oblong-oblanceolate to oblong-obovate or elliptic, 2.5–10(–15) cm. long, 1–4(–4.5) cm. wide, obtuse to shortly rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base, glabrous or some hairs towards margins and base, 3(–5)-nerved from a little above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Flowers clustered in axils or at old nodes; pedicels 0–3 mm. long; bract cupular with a small triangular limb, 3–4 mm. long, ciliolate and sometime puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Calyx tubular, 3–5 mm. long, shortly to distinctly toothed, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Corolla 3–4.5 cm. long, pink below, sometimes with a green or red band at top of tube, whitish over vents, with red tips to lobes; apical swelling of bud slight, oblong to oblong-fusiform, 4–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter; basal swelling 4–7 mm. long, 2–4 mm. in diameter, with tube narrowly constricted for 3–4 mm. above; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long, with the upper three-eighths to two-thirds linear-oblanceolate, pointed, slightly keeled and hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Filaments red to purple, inflexed to involute, slightly tapered, corrugated, last 0.5–0.8 mm. paler, smooth, hardened; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Style green or whitish, slender to slightly winged opposite the filaments (then with a slight neck below stigma); stigma ovoid-conic, 0.7–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523883 morphology 6648D230-7828-4505-B108-474BE2B1F3B2 Berry red, ellipsoid-obovoid, 8 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, with persistent calyx; seed pink or yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969303-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Glabrous shrub with stems 0.5–2 m. long; young branchlets subangular on upper part of internode, terete below, becoming terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Leaves mostly opposite or subopposite; petiole apparently 2–8 mm. long, but the attenuate lamina expanding with age so that leaves become sessile; lamina coriaceous, dark green, paler beneath, ovate to elliptic, 5–14 cm. long, 2.5–7 cm. wide, ± acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or cordate to attenuate base, 3-nerved from base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Umbels several in axils and at older nodes below, 3–6-flowered; peduncle 0–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular from a shallow saucer-shaped base, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Calyx cupular, 1–2 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Corolla 4–5 cm. long, deep crimson or wine-red (sometimes paler yellow-green when young), paler or greenish over vents, darker tipped; tube narrowed over the filaments, slightly expanded over anthers; basal swelling slight, not rupturing the calyx; tube papillate inside; lobes erect, 7–9 mm. long, upper expanded part linear-elliptic to linear-oblanceolate, 4–6 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Filaments inflexed, flattened, slightly corrugated, the last 1 mm. hardened; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Style slightly expanded below stamens, forming only a slight neck, slightly fluted or winged; stigma capitate, 0.7 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523823 morphology 04F2BADD-FE4D-4C9F-8CB5-8CC2942015D6 Berry red or white, obovoid, 9 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter, with a persistent calyx, sparsely covered in small pimples at least when dried. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969265-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Glabrous shrub; young branchlets subangular at least on the upper parts of internodes, becoming terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Leaves mostly opposite or ternate; petiole apparently 2–5 mm. long, but with age the attenuate part of lamina expanding so leaves become sessile; lamina coriaceous, lanceolate-elliptic to elliptic, (3–)5–16 cm. long, (1.5–)2–7 cm. wide, slightly acuminate to the pointed tip, attenuate at the base, more rounded to cordate with age, 3-nerved from base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Umbels sessile in axils and at older nodes, mostly 4–6-flowered; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bract cupular, slightly erose and ciliolate but with virtually no limb; receptacle hidden by bract, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Calyx deeply cupular, 3 mm. long, split by expanding corolla-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Corolla 5–5.5 cm. long, wine-red, yellow to orange over vents, usually with a green band at top of tube and with tip dark red; tube narrowed over filaments, slightly expanded over anthers; basal swelling slight, elongate, 7–10 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, next 10–12 mm. slightly narrowed; tube slightly papillate along filament-lines inside; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long, the upper expanded part linear-elliptic to linear-oblanceolate, 5–6 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Filaments red, inflexed, flattened, the distal 0.6 mm. slightly hardened; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Style green, slightly fluted or winged in section, slightly narrowed opposite the anthers forming a slight neck; stigma capitate, 0.6–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523877 morphology 7AC22B7D-94C3-4B33-9AB0-791EB7259426 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003120-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Shrub to 1 m. or so; branchlets compressed to 4-angular, then terete, papillose-puberulous only around axils and sometimes on young internodes above, soon glabrescent, densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Leaves alternate to opposite or ternate; petiole 1–6 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, green, narrowly oblong-elliptic to slightly lanceolate- or oblanceolate-oblong, 4–12(–15) cm. long, 1.5–2.5(–7) cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, obscurely penninerved, sometimes (varying on same branch) with basal or lower pair of nerves strongly ascending, with 6–10 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Flowers clustered in axils or at old nodes, subsessile; bract cupular with small triangular limb, 3–4 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Calyx tubular or funnel-shaped, 3–4 mm. long, shortly toothed, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Corolla (3.5–)4–4.5 cm. long, yellow or pale orange, banded green and then red below vents, whitish over vents, with red tips to lobes; apical swelling of bud slight, oblong to oblong-fusiform, 7 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling 4–7 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. in diameter, with tube narrowly constricted for 3–4 mm. above; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long, with upper two-thirds linear-oblanceolate, pointed, slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Filaments red, slightly involute, slender, only slightly corrugated, with very short smooth pale hardened tip; anthers 1.8–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Style red, greenish above, slender, slightly tapered to stigma; stigma ovoid to capitate, 0.7–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523844 morphology 48DA4B15-3B4C-4627-B9C6-C5D6F6FF5B0D Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969278-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Shrub to 1 m. or so; branchlets slightly compressed to 4-angular, then terete, glabrous, ± densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Leaves alternate to opposite; petiole to 2(–4) mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, dark green, sometimes red-veined, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 4–10 cm. long, 2.5–6 cm. wide, subacute to obtuse or shortly rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate to rounded at the base, glabrous, rather inconspicuously penninerved with lower pair of nerves stronger and ascending to upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Flowers clustered in axils and at older nodes below, subsessile; bract cupular with a small triangular limb, 2.5–3 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Calyx slightly funnel-shaped, 2–2.5 mm. long, subtruncate, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Corolla (3.5–)4–5 cm. long, with yellow-orange tube banded green and orange-red at top, lobes paler pinkish white over vents, with red to purple tips; apical swelling of bud slight, oblong, 6 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling 5–6 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter, with tube narrowly constricted for 4–6 mm. above; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long, with the upper two-thirds linear-oblanceolate, slightly keeled and slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Filaments red, slender, involute, scarcely corrugated, but apical 0.5–0.7 mm. smooth, pale, hardened; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Style green, slender; stigma ovoid-conic, 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523859 morphology F31DB245-3DA4-43E7-9EA8-AE544DFE30EA Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969287-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Well-branched shrub with spreading and pendent branches to 1.5 m. long, glabrous; branchlets slightly 3-angular or flattened, soon terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Leaves opposite to alternate or ternate; petiole 3–10 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, usually glaucous but sometimes yellow-green to grey-green, linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, usually elongate, occasionally broader and even oblanceolate, often slightly curved, 5–15(–22) cm. long, 0.5–2(–4.5) cm. wide, acute to rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, obscurely nerved, the middle nerves more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Umbels (1–)2–3-flowered; peduncle 1–3(–5 including connective between pedicel-sockets) mm. long; pedicel-sockets oblique; bract cupular, 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Receptacle 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Calyx tubular, 4–6 mm. long, ciliate and slightly erose, split by the expanding basal swelling of corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Corolla (3.5–)4.5–5(–5.5) cm. long, white at the base (sometimes with red filament-lines), flushed wine-red above, sometimes greenish white inside, tip sometimes becoming purplish; apical swelling slight, bluntly pointed; basal swelling ellipsoid, 5–8 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 15–16 mm. long, upper expanded part linear-elliptic to linear-oblanceolate, 10–11 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter, thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Filaments red, involute, stout, flattened; tooth 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Style dark red, 5-winged especially on the thickened part opposite vents in bud; neck 5–6 mm. long; stigma ellipsoid, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523824 morphology 68752D9B-7CDB-4E08-B8A8-A86FBCD3B228 Berry orange-red to red, obovoid-ellipsoid, 1–1.5 mm. long, 0.8–1 cm. in diameter, with ± persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969266-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Glabrous shrub; twigs slightly compressed, becoming terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Leaves alternate to opposite; petiole 3–10 mm. long; lamina ovate to oblong-lanceolate or elliptic, 4–12 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, broadly cuneate to rounded at the base, with 3–4 ascending nerves on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Umbels several, sessile in the axils, 2–3-flowered; sockets obliquely cupular; bract cupular with a small triangular limb, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Receptacle 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Calyx campanulate to tubular, 3–5 mm. long, slightly toothed, ciliolate, sometimes unilaterally split as the base of corolla swells. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Corolla 4.5–6 cm. long, tube red, lobes yellow to orange over vents, with dark red to almost black tips; bud-tip not swollen; base of tube scarcely to slightly swollen at maturity, obovoid-fusiform, 8–9 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, the tube sometimes narrowed above for 5–10 mm. in diameter, then slightly flared; lobes erect, 8–10 mm. long, the upper two-thirds to three-quarters linear-lanceolate, slightly hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Filaments inflexed to once coiled, paler, hardened, the slightly expanded tip 1.5–2 mm. long; tooth 0.2–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Style slightly broadened upwards, grooved, narrowed to a neck 2–3.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523874 morphology A9D42DB7-2810-4785-842E-4F37BFC6333E Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969297-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Robust shrub; branchlets soon terete, subpersistently tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Leaves alternate to subopposite; petiole 2–4 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, green, ovate-elliptic, smaller ones sometimes obovate, 3–6.5 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, obtuse to rounded and attenuate at the base, glabrous to thinly pubescent, with 3–6 pairs of lateral nerves, the second strongly ascending, sometimes inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Umbels sessile, with 1–5 flowers in oblique sockets; bract cupular, 3–4.5 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Receptacle 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Calyx tubular, 7–8 mm. long, shortly toothed, ciliate, circumscissile near the base, free part remaining as a collar around the corolla-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Corolla 5.5–7 cm. long, tube red or orange-red, banded green at top, lobes yellow around vents, red-maroon at tip, without an apical swelling in bud; basal swelling slight, 6 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter; lobes 14–17 mm. long, the upper two-thirds linear-oblanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Filaments inflexed, the distal 2–3 mm. hardened and thickened; tooth 0.8–1 mm. long; anthers 3.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Style slender, slightly expanded opposite the filaments, narrowed to a neck 3.5–4 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523840 morphology B921EA68-6652-479E-8DFA-531190472973 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969275-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Forming large clumps, with longer branches pendent, glabrous; branchlets slightly compressed to angled, soon terete, moderately lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Leaves mostly alternate; petiole 3–15 mm. long; lamina slightly fleshy, dull green, ovate-elliptic, 5–10 cm. long, 2.5–7 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, cuneate and attenuate at the base, with 4–5 pairs of lateral nerves, the second–third strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Umbels sessile, with 2–3 flowers in sockets; bract cupular, 3–4 mm. long, slightly lacerate, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Receptacle 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Calyx tubular, 7–8 mm. long, slightly toothed, ciliate, circumscissile near the base, the freed upper part persistent around the corolla-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Corolla 4–5 cm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter, red, yellow on lobes around vents, tip darker red, almost cylindrical in bud, only slightly swollen at the base; lobes 12 mm. long, linear-oblanceolate in the upper two-thirds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Filaments dark red, inflexed to shortly coiled, paler, hardened and thickened in the upper 1.5–2 mm.; tooth 0.7–1 mm. long; anthers 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Seeds straw-coloured, cylindric-ellipsoidal, 1.1–1.4 cm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, often with a longitudinal furrow all around. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0000373048 morphology 663DA463-6C5E-418A-A3DC-251076E93473 Fig. 22/1, p. 91. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74106-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Scandent shrub or small tree 1–4.5 m. tall; young shoots at first adpressed ferruginous pubescent but soon glabrous, later rugulose, dark purplish and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Leaf-blades elliptic, oblong-elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 2–11 cm. long, 1.2–5.5 cm. wide, mostly broadly rounded at both ends, or slightly subcordate at the base, not coriaceous, glabrous above, obscurely pubescent beneath with pale hairs when young, later glabrescent, markedly glaucous; leaf-margin thickened; midrib impressed above and prominent beneath; venation closely reticulate; petiole 3–7 mm. long, pubescent when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Flowers almost leaf-opposed, l–2(–5), mostly on very short reduced branchlets, scented; pedicels 0.8–2.5 cm. long; bracteoles very small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Sepals small, broadly triangular, 0.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, pubescent, but essentially calyx reduced to a circular rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Petals yellow or creamy-yellow, white at base, thick, free, fleshy, the outer obovate-oblong, 4–7 mm. long, 2–2.7 mm. wide, the inner spathulate, 3.5–5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, thickened at the apex, ferruginous puberulous on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Stamens 6, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; connective broadly truncate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Carpels 7–8; ovary subcylindric, 1 mm. long, puberulous or glabrescent, 1–2(–3)-ovuled; stigma thickened, slightly bilobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Monocarps 2–8, dark and glaucous when young, red or orange when ripe, ellipsoid (if 1-seeded) or cylindrical, 0.65–2.3 cm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, 1–2(–3)-seeded, quite markedly constricted between the seeds, finely tuberculate-rugulose, glabrous; stipes 1.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Seeds yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 7–9 mm. long, 4.5–5 mm. wide, rounded or sometimes flattened at the hilar end and with an eccentric horseshoe-shaped ridge bordering the flattening, the other end minutely apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066262 morphology 2A28B0EF-355C-49BB-B52C-FA895AE9E6FC Figs. 22/6, p. 91, & 23, p. 96. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74082-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Climbing shrub; young branchlets densely covered with spreading ferruginous hairs, at length glabrescent, blackish, densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Leaf-blades elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 2.5–8 cm. long, 1.6–4.2 cm. wide, very rounded at the apex, distinctly or slightly cordate at the base, rather thick, adpressed silky pilose on both surfaces when very young, later glabrous and somewhat shining above and rather obscurely pubescent beneath; venation closely reticulate, prominent on both surfaces; petiole 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Inflorescences few-flowered, leaf-opposed; pedicels ± 3–6 mm. long, spreading pubescent; bracteole minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Sepals broadly rounded, 1 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, somewhat acute, densely ferruginous pilose outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Petals yellowish, thick, cucullate; outer narrowly ovate, 3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, somewhat acute, ferruginous pubescent outside, papillose puberulous within at apex; inner petals oblong, 3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, somewhat acute, similarly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Stamens (6–) 14, 1 mm. long; filaments obsolete; connective flattened with anther-cells attached on its face, obliquely truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Carpels 8; ovary oblong-fusiform, 1.5 mm. long, sparsely pilose, l(–2)-ovuled, longitudinally grooved; style very short, subglobose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0001066263 morphology F86FBE0E-6F6C-476B-8868-989F4D96EDA0 Fruit not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74110-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Shrub, liane or small tree, 1.5–7.5 m. tall, with smooth or slightly rough light grey or buff bark; young branchlets slender, pale brown, adpressed or rarely spreading pubescent at first, later glabrous, wrinkled and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Leaf-blades narrowly oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate, (1–)5–10.5 cm. long, 0.5–3(–3.5) cm. wide, obtuse to rounded or emarginate (rarely acute) at the apex, cuneate, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, thin, bright green and glabrescent above, glaucous and adpressed pubescent or puberulous beneath; very young leaves are pilose on both sides; venation reticulate but obscure; sometimes 2 basal glands present; petiole 2–5 mm. long, adpressed pubescentor glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary or in 2–4-flowered extra-axillary cymes or fascicles; peduncles short; pedicels 0.5–2(–3) cm. long, slender, adpressed pubescent; bracteole small, situated near the base of the pedicel, ovate-triangular, 0.5–2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, adpressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Sepals free or ± joined at the base, ovate-triangular, 1–2 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, rounded or obtuse at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Petals yellow, thick and brittle, outer broadly ovate, 4–6 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, rounded to apiculate, with adpressed silvery or ferruginous hairs outside, puberulous inside save near the base; inner shorter and narrower, oblong to oblanceolate, 4.5–5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, obtuse or acute, puberulous all over save at base within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Stamens 12–18, squarish, 1 mm. long, glabrous; filaments about equalling the anthers; connective not prolonged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Carpels (6–)9–20; ovary ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.2 mm. long, densely adpressed pilose, 1–2-ovuled; style ± 1 mm. long, equalling the ovary, cylindric, entire or bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Fruiting pedicels 1.3–3 cm. long; monocarps red or orange, 2–13, cylindric, of 1–2 articles, each ovoid or cylindrical, 5–9 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, apiculate, glabrescent, finely rugose; stipes 3–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Seeds yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 4–8 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0000372941 morphology 4882B5BF-CEF6-4D93-B3A6-09FFDB84BB62 Fig. 22/3, p. 91. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74067-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Climbing shrub; branches black, adpressed puberulous when very young later glabrous, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Leaf-blades oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 4–12.5 cm. long, 1.4–4.3 cm. wide, narrowed towards the apex or acuminate, the acumen being subobtuse, obtuse at the base, thin, shining and glabrous above, paler beneath but not glaucous, densely adpressed puberulous when young beneath but later glabrous; venation closely reticulate, distinctly and finely raised; petioles 3–4(–7) mm. long, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Flowers in 2–5-flowered cymes; peduncles 2 mm. long; pedicels slender, 1–1.7 cm. long, puberulolus, bracteoles elliptic, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Sepals broadly rounded-trianguar; 2–2.5 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Petals greenish-yellow, outer rounded ovate, 5–8 mm. long and wide, inner smaller and narrower, 2–4 mm. long and wide, all puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Stamens 9–12, ± 2 mm. long; connective produced inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Carpels 9–12, ± 2.5 mm. long, ferruginous silky pubescent, 2-ovuled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0001066264 morphology 2475B939-D486-4861-9BAC-8058B689AC38 Monocarps subglobose or ellipsoid, 5–8 mm. long, conspicuously apiculate; stipes 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74075-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Climbing shrub; young stems with spreading ferruginous hairs, older stems dark blackish-purple, glabrescent, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Leaf-blades elliptic-oblong, 3.5–14 cm. long, 1.8–5.4 cm. wide, rounded, slightly emarginate or obscurely subacute at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, thin, ferruginous pilose on both sides when very young, at length glabrous above save for some pubescence on the midrib, sparsely pubescent beneath but with main nerves retaining long ferruginous hairs; venation closely reticulate but only slightly raised on both surfaces; petiole 3–6 mm. long, ferruginous pilose when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Flowers solitary or paired, extra-axillary; pedicels 2–3.5 cm. long, pubescent; bracteole situated near the base or middle of the pedicel, leafy, ovate-oblong to rounded-reniform, 0.7–1.8 cm. long, 0.7–1.9 cm. wide, cordate and ± amplexicaul at the base, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Sepals very broadly rounded, 1.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, ± joined at the base to form an almost round tray, pubescent with rather long ferruginous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Petals thick, ?yellow, ovate to elliptic; outer (6–)7–8 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, ferruginous tomentose on both sides; inner (4.5–)6–7 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, tomentose outside, glabrous below inside but with longer hairs at the apex inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Stamens 15 (numerous fide Boutique), 1.5–2 mm. long; filaments thick, ± 1 mm. long; connective thickened, particularly in the inner stamens, truncate but not hiding anther-cells. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Carpels ± 28; ovary oblong, 1.5–2 mm. long, glabrous, 4–6-ovuled; style ellipsoid or oblong, bilobed and grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Fruiting pedicels up to 3–5 cm. long; monocarps l–5(–?more), of 1–4 articles, deeply constricted between each; articles ellipsoid, ?4–10 mm. long, ?3–6.5 mm. wide, the last distinctly apiculate, finely rugulose, glabrescent; stipes ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373073 morphology 493583CC-71F0-4493-AE5A-A80A36C4D7A3 Seeds ellipsoid, 7.5 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, Fig. 22/4, p. 91. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74084-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Erect, scandent or spreading shrub, 1.2–4(–6) m. tall; bark smooth, purplish, lenticellate; branchlets often hanging, black, sparsely adpressed pilose when very young, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Leaf-blades oblong to oblong-elliptic, 3.2–11.5 cm. long, 1.3–4.6 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, rounded or slightly subcordate at the base, thin, sparsely adpressed pilose or glabrousabove save for the midrib; adpressed pubescent and glaucous beneath; venation not conspicuous; petiole 2-5 mm. long, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Flowers solitary or rarely in 2-flowered inflorescences, extra-axillary; peduncle 2–5 cm. long; bracteole situated near the base, leafy, round or ovate, 0.8–1.9 cm. long, 0.6–1.5 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, cordate and clasping at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Calyx triangular-tray-shaped, 3.5–5 mm. across, very shallowly 3-lobed, adpressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Petals yellow or greenish-yellow, thick; outer transversely elliptic or rounded ovate, 4–9.5 mm. long, 4–8 mm. wide, rounded or subacute at the apex, concave, brownish pubescent all over; inner elliptic, 3–9 mm. long, 2–5 mm. wide, slightly clawed at the base, pubescent, concave, slightly keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Stamens ±15, 1.5 mm. long; filaments 0.7–0.8 mm. long; connective thickened, the prolongation obliquely truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Carpels 10–15; ovary linear, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, 2-ovuled, glabrous; stigma sessile, 0.3–0.4 mm. long, glabrous, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Fruiting pedicels 2–5 cm. long; monocarps orange or red, 4–8(–11), ellipsoid or cyhndric-ellipsoid, 0.8–1.4 cm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, rounded at the apex, 1(–2)-seeded, slightly constricted between the seeds, somewhat glaucous, glabrous, slightly rugose; stipes 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Seeds yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 6–7.5 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, flattened at one end in 2-seeded monocarps. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0000373063 morphology 7BC7AA9A-C470-444A-8733-8A4842512E4E Fig. 22/2, p. 91. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74092-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Climbing shrub several m. long; young shoots at first with spreading short ferruginous hairs, later dark purplish-brown, ridged, lenticellate and somewhat pubescent, probably eventually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Leaf-blades oblong or elliptic-oblong, with a slight tendency to be obovate, 2–5 cm. long, 1–2.4 cm. wide, rounded but sometimes minutely apiculate at the apex, rounded to slightly subcordate at the base, thin, sparsely but persistently adpressed pubescent above and rather more densely so beneath, very densely and distinctly pellucid-punctate; venation reticulate, finely raised on both surfaces; lateral nerves regular and clearly raised beneath and margin rather thickened; petiole 1–3 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary, extra-axillary; pedicels 1.2–2 cm. long, pubescent; bracteole rounded, ± 2 mm. long and wide, near the base or about half-way along the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Sepals transversely elliptic to reniform, 3–3.5 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide, sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Petals yellow; outer elliptic, ± 1 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, puberulous outside and around the margin inside; inner elliptic, subacute and not thickened at the apex, 8 mm. long, 4.5–6.5 mm. wide, puberulous outside, glabrescent inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Stamens 24–27, cuneiform, 1.2 mm. long; filaments shorter than the anthers; connective truncate, papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Carpels 8; ovary conic, 1.2 mm. long, densely spreading pilose, 2-ovuled; style obliquely obconic, rather like a horse’s hoof upside down, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0001066267 morphology E5F728DF-BCBE-4132-A2D0-AF88CCE16DD1 Fruit not known (see note). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74078-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Scrambling shrub or small tree, 1–6 m. long or tall; young shoots frequently ± zigzag, at first densely covered with short spreading ferruginous hairs, later glabrescent, ridged, blackish-purple and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Leaf-blades oblanceolate, oblong, obovate or oblong-elliptic, 2–10.5 cm. long, (0.9–)1.5–4.3(–5) cm. wide, slightly narrowed to an obtuse, rounded or somewhat emarginate apex, rounded to subcordate at the base, thin or slightly coriaceous, densely ferruginous pilose all over when very young, soon glabrous above, glaucous and sparsely adpressed pubescent beneath, often with denser more spreading indumentum on the yellowish midrib; venation closely reticulate and finely raised on both surfaces; petiole 0.2–1.2 cm. long, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Flowers hermaphrodite, ± leaf-opposed; pedicels 0.9–2.3 cm. long, ferruginous pubescent; bracteole small, linear-lanceolate, situated near the base of the pedicel, 1–2 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. wide, densely ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Sepals broadly ovate or reniform, somewhat united at the base, 1.5–3(–4) mm. long, 2(–4) mm. wide, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Petals yellow; outer rounded or rounded-ovate, (4–)8–9 mm. long and wide, ferruginous pubescent outside, glabrous inside save around upper margin; inner obovate or round but narrowed at the base, (2.5–)4–5.5(–7) mm. long, (2–)5 mm. wide, incurved at the apex, ferruginous puberulous outside, glabrous insidesave at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Stamens 14–24, cuneiform, 1–1.5 mm. long; filaments about as long as squarish anthers; connective truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Carpels 10–12(–26); ovary ellipsoid, ± 1 mm. long, (1–)3–4(–5)-ovuled, glabrous; style ± 0.7–1 mm. long, ± angular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Fruiting pedicels 1–1.5 cm. long; monocarps greenish and glaucous at first, later orange-red, 2–5(–12), of 1–3(–5) articles, distinctly constricted between them, each ellipsoid, (0.5–)0.7–1.2 cm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, the apical one rounded, glabrous, finely rugose; stipes 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0000373050 morphology AB6CEC6D-CDF8-40EB-920E-F248EB332C79 Seeds yellowish, ellipsoid, (0.4–)0.85–1.1 cm. long, (3–)5–6 mm. wide, shining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74102-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Straggling shrub or liane up to 7.5 m. long; branchlets red to purplish-black, at first densely covered with spreading ferruginous hairs, later glabrous, wrinkled and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Leaf-blades obovate to oblanceolate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, (2–)6–14.2(–19.5) cm. long, 1.4–6(–7.2) cm. wide, acute to rounded or emarginate and sometimes shortly mucronate at the apex, cordate at the base, papery or thinly coriaceous, pilose on both sides when very young, later dark green and glabrescent above, glaucous and sparsely to densely ferruginous pilose beneath particularly on the nerves, often minutely punctate; venation reticulate and prominent on both surfaces; petiole 2–5 mm. long, densely ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary or rarely paired, extra-axillary; pedicels very slender, (0.6–)1–2.5(–4.5) cm. long, densely hairy; bracteole ovate-oblong to linear, situated near the base of the pedicel, 1–2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Sepals broadly ovate to reniform, free or ± joined at the base, 1.5–4 mm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide, rounded to obtuse or acute, ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Petals yellow or greenish, rather thick; outer ovate, 0.6–1.2 cm. long, 6–9 mm. wide, obtuse, rounded or subacute, rusty or golden pubescent on both surfaces save at base inside; inner shorter and narrower, obovate to elliptic or oblanceolate, 1–1.1 cm. long, 3–6.5 mm. wide, obtuse, golden tomentellous on both surfaces save at base inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Stamens 18–36, squarish, ± 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrous; filaments about as long as the anthers; connective-prolongation broadly and obliquely truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Carpels 6–13; ovary ovoid-cylindric, ± 2 mm. long, 1–4-ovuled, densely ferruginous pilose; style about equal to the ovary, cylindric-obconic,capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Fruiting pedicel 1.8–3 cm. long; monocarps orange-yellow, 2–10(–12), cylindric, curved, of 1–5 articles, constricted between them, each ovoid to cylindric, 0.9–1.1 cm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, rusty hairy (particularly densely so when young), finely rugose, the apical one apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Seeds yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 8–9 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066191 morphology 0934C84F-E157-439A-A2E7-C2A8AD701D77 Figs. 22/5, p. 91, & 24. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74111-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Shrub about 4 m. tall; young branches densely velvety ferruginous tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Leaf-blades elliptic, 5–13 cm. long, 2.5–5.5 cm. wide, shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded, obtuse or very slightly emarginate at the base, thin, at first pubescent above but at length almost glabrous save on midrib, glaucous and pubescent beneath particularly on the nerves which are ferruginous tomentose (the other hairs are whitish with some ferruginous admixed and are not closely adpressed); venation finely raised above, reticulate; petiole 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Inflorescences (1–)2–5-flowered, leaf-opposed; pedicels 1.5–2 cm. long; bracteoles minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Sepals small, 0.8 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, ferruginous tomentellous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Petals greenish-white, thick and fleshy, ferruginous pubescent outside, glabrous inside save near the margins; outer round or rounded-triangular, 4.5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide; inner narrowly obovate, 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, thickened inside at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Stamens 8–12, 1.5 mm. long; filaments about equalling the anthers; connective not dilated and thickened, nor produced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Carpels 8–9; ovary 1.8 mm. long, 2–4-ovuled, ferruginous tomentose; stigma subglobose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0001066268 morphology 9BC6F26A-DF02-4C51-9AF5-9910BA418309 Fruits not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74076-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Shrub, small tree or climbing shrub, 3–7.5 m. long or tall; young stems at first densely covered with dense spreading ferruginous hairs but later glabrous, wrinkled, dark blackish-purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Leaf-blades elliptic, obovate or obovate-oblong, 3–18(–20) cm. long, 2–7.5 cm. wide, obtuse, rounded, acute or somewhat acuminate at the apex, rounded to slightly but distinctly cordate at the base, thin, very densely ferruginous hairy all over when young, later glabrous above save on the midrib, but remaining densely pilose and sometimes glaucous beneath; venation reticulate and slightly raised on both surfaces; petiole 3–5 mm. long, densely ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Flowers hermaphrodite, solitary, extra-axillary or ± leaf-opposed; pedicels 0.7–4 cm. long, ferruginous hairy; bracteole situated near the base, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–9(–10) mm. long, 1–5 mm. wide, ferruginous hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Sepals ± united at the base, reniform, broadly ovate or almost round, 2–5 mm. long and wide, densely ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Petals green or yellow, thick, densely ferruginous tomentose save at base inside; outer round or broadly ovate, 3.5–8(–10) mm. long, 3.5–8(–9.5) mm. wide; inner round, elliptic or obovate, 3–6(–7) mm. long, 2–5(–6) mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Stamens ± 15, cuneiform, 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrous; filaments shorter than the anthers, 0.3 mm. long; connective-prolongation obliquely capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Carpels ± 40; ovary ellipsoid-oblong, ± 1 mm. long, longitudinally grooved on one side, 1–3(–4)-ovuled, glabrous or pilose near base; style ± 0.8 mm. long, oblong, folded so that it is horseshoe-shaped in plan and laterally deeply grooved; stigmas capitate, bilobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Fruiting pedicel 1–4 cm. long, hairy; monocarps orange or scarlet, 3–28, globose or ellipsoid when 1-seeded, cylindric when 2–3(–4)-seeded and slightly constricted between the seeds, the articles 0.5–1.3 cm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, at first glaucous, glabrous or glabrescent, finely rugulose, the apical one shortly apiculate; stipes ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Seeds yellow, ellipsoid, 0.5–1.1 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, flattened at either end in several-seeded monocarps. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000372931 morphology 0E5B05BD-1070-42A0-B84C-DF16E0263237 Fig. 22/10, p. 91. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74079-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Shrub or small weak-stemmed tree 2.4–7(–10) m. tall, usually much branched and straggling; bark ± smooth, grey-brown with buff-coloured lenticels, peeling in untidy flakes; branchlets glabrous, at first pale but soon dark brown and lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Leaf-blades elliptic-oblong, oblanceolate-elliptic, or obovate, (1–)6–11(–14) cm. long, (0.8–)2–5(–6.5) cm. wide, obtuse, rounded or emarginate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, rather thin, bright green, sometimes rather paler beneath and glaucous, glabrous above, very sparsely and inconspicuously pubescent beneath and apparently glabrous to the naked eye; venation fine, reticulate, slightly prominent on both surfaces; petiole 2–5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Flowers solitary, axillary, sessile, with a heavy sweet scent; buds spherical, ± 3 mm. in diameter, persisting through the dry season when the tree is deciduous and probably opening just before the rains; bracteoles 4–5, biseriate, imbricate, cucullate, increasing in size towards the flowers, reddish-brown, up to 3 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, persistent, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Calyx yellow, reddish-brown or red-bordered, shining scarious-coriaceous, completely covering the petals in bud, dividing at anthesis into (2–)3 subequal cucullate broadly triangular lobes, these 3–3.5 mm. long, 2.5–4.5 mm. wide, finely rugose, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Petals cream or white, obovate or oblong, 4.5–6 mm. long, 2.5–3.5 mm. wide, the inner rather shorter, thick, densely white silky pilose outside and inside near the apex, glabrous inside at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Stamens 0.75 mm. long, just over 1 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Monocarps (1–)3–10, purplish-red or black, 1.3–2.3 cm. long, 0.7–1 cm. wide, often apiculate, glabrous, finely rugose, edible; stipes 4–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Seeds pale, cyhndric-ellipsoid, 1.6–2 cm. long, 8–9 mm. wide and thick; hilum terminal, more or less round. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0000609392 morphology 1D624690-A9AB-4440-9442-6401A1E76664 Fig. 25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72604-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Petals 4, 1–2.5 mm. long, 0.8–1.4 mm. broad, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Male flowers: stamens 4; filaments 2–3(–5) mm. long; anthers 0.6–1 mm. long; gynophore short; vestigial ovary ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Female flowers with vestigial staminodes reduced to the aborted anthers; gynophore short; ovary of 1 carpel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Fruit obliquely subglobose, 8–10 mm. in diameter, mucronate, shortly stipitate, conspicuously glandular-bullate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0001133243 morphology DD9A910B-6200-454C-B50B-60BB02C01ADF Seed 5–7 mm. in diameter, shiny black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775689-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Shrub or small tree to 8 m. high; branches and branchlets with straight or recurved blackish prickles 5–10 mm. long; branchlets reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Leaves 30–70 cm. long; rhachis glabrous or minutely puberulent, usually unarmed; petiolule 2–5 mm. long or up to 4 cm. on terminal leaflet; leaflets (3–)4–9 pairs, subopposite below, progressively more opposite above, broadly elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 5–29 cm. long, 2.5–15 cm. broad, caudate-acuminate at the apex, cuneate and somewhat oblique at the base, dentate-crenate, papyraceous, glabrous or sometimes puberulent along the nerves, especially the midrib; pellucid glands numerous and scattered but more conspicuous along the margin; midrib prominent beneath; lateral nerves 8–14 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Inflorescence a terminal pyramidal panicle 20–40 cm. long, tomentulose to puberulent; pedicels 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Sepals 4, 0.3–0.5 mm. long, puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Petals oblong or elliptic-oblong, 1.2–2 mm. long, 0.8–1 mm. broad, obtuse, glabrous, creamy white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Male flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Female flowers: staminodes 4, very short; ovary of a single carpel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Fruit broadly ellipsoid or globose, 5–7 mm. in diameter, orange-red, foveolate and with light red pellucid glands; stipe 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000429338 morphology 9B4E0B83-B50D-48EE-BEA5-61424186052C Seed globose, 5–5.7 mm. in diameter, shiny black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:775999-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Deciduous shrub or small tree 2–7 m. high; branchlets purple-brown, tomentose to puberulous and becoming glabrate with age, dotted with pale elliptical lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Leaves 5–15(–22) cm. long, opposite or sometimes clustered at the end of the branchlets; rhachis tomentose; leaflets (1–)2–4 pairs, opposite, sessile (except sometimes the terminal one especially if the upper pair of leaflets abort), lateral ones ovate-elliptic to oblong-ovate, terminal one obovate to obovate-elliptic, 2.5–6.8 cm. long, 1.2–3.7 cm. broad, acute or obtuse (terminal one occasionally retuse) at the apex, obtuse or truncate to somewhat cordate (terminal one attenuate) and slightly oblique at the base, margin entire and with closely spaced somewhat inconspicuous pellucid gland-dots, scattered glandular-dots visible under high magnification, papyraceous and tomentose beneath to puberulous or glabrate above; lateral nerves 6–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Panicles to 6 cm. long; pedicels 4–10 mm. long, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Sepals 4, united or sometimes free, unequal in size, 0.8–1.3 mm. long, acute, whitish pubescent outside, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Petals 4, oblanceolate, 3.5–6 mm. long, yellow-white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Male flowers: stamens 6–8, 2.5–4 mm. long, usually shorter than the petals; anthers ± 1 mm. long; vestigial pistil ellipsoid, 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Female flowers: staminodes absent; ovary pyriform, glandular-punctate, glabrous, on a short gynophore; style short, robust. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Fruit globose, glandular-foveolate or glandular-bullate, 6–8 mm. in diameter, usually 2–4-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000685065 morphology D7FB7DF8-2F7C-4C07-AB7B-6A7F18D344B3 Seeds as F. angolensis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:773607-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 Prostrate, ascending or erect shrub, 20–120(–300) cm. tall, much branched; young branches tetragonous, narrowly winged, soon becoming woody and subspinulose, older branches with bark fissuring longitudinally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 Leaves decussate on long branches, ± congested on short lateral branches, ± rhombic, (4–)8–12(–21.5) mm. long, (3–)5–9(–16) mm. wide, apex (3–)5–7(–11)-crenate-dentate, base cuneate, entire, digitately nerved (sometimes bifurcate near apex), plicate; petiole (1–)2–3(–4) mm. long, subvaginate, persistent; stipules subulate, connate with petiole at base and exceeding it by 1–3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 Inflorescences (1–)2–3(–5) cm. long, terminal on short lateral branches; ♀ inflorescences stouter than ♂; bracts persistent, ovate, 1.2–1.9 mm. long, 0.7–1.7 mm. wide, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 ♂ flowers reduced to 3–6(?–8) stamens; filaments filiform, connate into a central column; anthers oblong to obovate, ± 1.5 mm. long, reddish; connective prolonged into a ± curved beak 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 ♀ flowers reduced to (2–)3(–4) carpels, 2.5–3 mm. long, ± 1.2 mm. wide, green, connate at base, tapering to outwardly curved styles; stigmas purple, oblong, facing inwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 Capsule (2.5–)3–4 mm. long, ± 1.5 mm. wide, coriaceous; carpels slightly enlarged, 12–22-seeded; styles and stigmas persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 Seeds ovoid to tetragonal, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000447606 morphology F399C0DC-7268-4129-80D4-343103BA75B7 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430734-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Slender annual herbs up to 40 cm. high; stems pilose-glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Leaves narrowly oblanceolate to ovate, up to 4.5 × 1.5 cm., attenuate at the base, acute to acuminate, entire or the lower ones few-toothed, scabrid with acicular, antrorse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Flowers 1–3 per axil, shortly pedicellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Calyx narrowly obconic, hispid and glandular, 3.5–5 mm. long; lobes 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Corolla white, pink or white and mauve, tubular-funnel shaped, 7–7.5 mm. long with small round lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Anther-thecae unequal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Fruiting calyx 5–6.5 mm., the lobes 2.5–3 mm. Fruit 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000251758 morphology 978D7CD3-668A-4178-ABB3-4BE8657FF736 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863923-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Shrub or small tree to 5 m., often less; branches greenish when young, glabrous or minutely pubescent at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Leaf-lamina coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to obovate, 7.5–24.5 cm. long, (2.5–)3–11 cm. wide, the base cuneate to ± rounded or cordate, the apex acute to acuminate, glabrous or rarely pubescent on the midrib beneath; margin spinose-serrate, the spines 0.5–4 mm. long; lateral veins 8–11 pairs (10–16 in Madagascar); petiole 0.1–4 cm. long, glabrous or finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Inflorescence a terminal, rarely axillary, narrow thyrse, the rachis 7–16 cm. long, finely pubescent; flowers greenish white, greenish yellow or yellow, sometimes with a tinge of orange, somewhat foetid; bracts and bracteoles triangular-ovate, 1.5–2 mm. long, caducous; peduncle 2–5 mm. long (6–9 mm. in Madagascar), finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Sepals ovate-elliptic, 2.5–4 mm. long, ribbed, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Petals thick, oblong-lanceolate, 4.5–5 mm. long, acute to subacute, slightly recurved at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Stamens 2.8–3 mm. long, fused below to form a tube without a free margin; connective-appendage oblong, obtuse; thecal appendages usually 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Ovary glabrous; style 2.6–2.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0000464352 morphology DA33B224-E7F0-458C-91A2-EC0663A5F3AE Capsule 3-lobed, 12–16 mm. long, rugose, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867242-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Shrub or small tree to 9 m. tall, sometimes more; young branches glabrous or finely pubescent at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Leaf-lamina coriaceous, elliptic to oblong or oblanceolate, 5.5–30 cm. long, 2.4–12 cm. wide, the base cuneate to ± subrounded, the apex subobtuse, acute or sometimes shortly acuminate, glabrous or pubescent on the midrib beneath; margin serrate to subentire; lateral veins 8–12 pairs, prominent; petiole (0.5–)l–4.6(–6) cm. long, glabrous, rarely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Inflorescence a stout terminal thyrse, very rarely lateral; rachis 7–16.5(–20) cm. long, finely pubescent; flowers yellow, greenish yellow, greenish white or white, erect at anthesis; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate to triangular, 2–3 mm. long, pubescent, persistent; peduncle 12–30 mm. long, finely pubescent; pedicels 1–3 mm. long, finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Sepals ovate to oblong, 2–4 mm. long, faintly ribbed or smooth, usually finely pubescent, the margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Petals ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 4–6 mm. long, acute to subobtuse, scarcely recurved at the tip, glabrous or pubescent on the exterior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Stamens 3.5–4 mm. long; filaments united into a tube, with or without a short, free, lobed margin; connective-appendage triangular-ovate, ± acute, not decurrent; thecal appendage solitary, very short or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Ovary glabrous; style ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0001144574 morphology A683DACE-57C2-4591-8290-C7DD84F85C8F Capsule woody, unlobed, 15–25 mm. long, rugose, glabrous; pericarp thick, 1.5–2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867091-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Shrub or small tree to 10 m. tall; branches densely to sparsely pubescent when young, eventually glabrescent, hairs generally rather bristly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Leaf-lamina obovate to oblanceolate, (5.5–)7–18(–21.5) cm. long, (1.5–)2.5–7(–10) cm. wide, the base ± cuneate, the apex abruptly acuminate, gland-dotted beneath, glabrous above, sparsely to densely pubescent beneath; margin crenate-serrate to serrate-spinulose, the spines short, up to 0.5 mm. long; lateral veins 7–12 pairs; petiole 0.5–3 cm. long, bristly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Inflorescence a slender terminal thyrse; rachis 4–12 cm. long, sparsely to densely pubescent; flowers yellow, ± pendulous; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate- triangular, 2–3 mm. long; peduncle (2–)6–13 mm. long, sparsely to densely pubescent; pedicels 1.5–4 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Sepals ovate, 2–3.5 mm. long, puberulous to densely bristly pubescent, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Petals oblong, 4–5 mm. long, thick, obtuse, slightly recurved at the apex, glabrous to moderately pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Stamens 2.8–3.2 mm. long; filaments fused into a tube for most of their length, with a free lobed margin; connective-appendage oblong to lanceolate, decurrent, almost 1.5 times the length of the anthers; thecal appendage short, entire or bilobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Ovary glabrous to densely pubescent; style 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464518 morphology BAA934CE-75B7-40DA-9590-73DCA1F2F73D Capsule 3-lobed, 10–17 mm. long, smooth, coriaceous, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867433-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Shrub or small tree to 6.5 m. tall, though often less; young branches pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Leaf-lamina obovate to oblong-elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, 6.5–19 cm. long, 3–8.5(–9) cm. wide, the base subrounded to ± cuneate, the apex acute or shortly and rather abruptly acuminate, glabrous or with some hairs on the midrib and lateral veins beneath; margin serrate-crenate to subentire; lateral veins 6–10 pairs; petiole 0.5–5.5 cm. long, glabrous or occasionally sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Inflorescence a stout terminal thyrse, very occasionally one or two of the uppermost leaves producing a shorter axillary inflorescence; rachis 5–17 cm. long, pubescent; flowers cream, pale yellow or greenish yellow, nodding; bracts and bracteoles ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–3 mm. long, usually pubescent, margin ciliate, persistent; peduncle 3–17 mm. long, usually pubescent; pedicels 1–2 mm. long, usually pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Sepals orbicular or elliptic, 2–3 mm. long, pubescent, rarely entirely glabrous, the margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Petals oblong, 5–6 mm. long, obtuse, thick, the tip strongly recurved soon after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Stamens 3.4–3.8 mm. long; filaments* fused into a ring with a free margin, with or without a free portion to the filaments; connective-appendage ± ovate, 1.5 times the length of the anthers, decurrent; thecal appendages usually absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Ovary glabrous; style 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Capsule 3-lobed, 11–16 mm. long, coriaceous, smooth, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464413 morphology 4809CC32-5FE3-4A73-86E5-DD4D62227473 Fig. 2/8, 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867118-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Shrub or small tree to 4 m. tall, though generally less; branches usually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Leaf-lamina ± elliptic to elliptic-oblanceolate or oblong-obovate, (5–)7–26 cm. long, (1.5–)2.8–9.2(–10.7) cm. wide, the base cuneate to subrounded, the apex acuminate, acute to subobtuse, glabrous or occasionally with a few hairs on the midrib beneath, margin subentire to obscurely crenate-serrate, lateral veins 5–9 pairs; petiole 6–30 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Inflorescence a slender terminal, occasionally lateral, thyrse, the rachis 4.5–7(–10) cm. long, usually puberulous or finely pubescent; flowers yellow, yellowish green or cream; bracts and bracteoles triangular-ovate, ± 1mm. long, eventually falling; peduncle 3–6 mm. long, pubescent or puberulous; pedicels 1–2 mm. long, pubescent or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Sepals ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, finely pubescent usually, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Petals oval, 3–3.8 mm. long, pubescent or puberulous on the outside, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Stamens 3–3.25 mm. long, the filaments fused for a part or all of their length into a tube with a free, often rather uneven or toothed, margin; connective-appendage ovate-elliptic, almost twice as long as the anther, margin subentire; thecal appendages 1, subentire to bilobed, or 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Ovary glabrous; style 1.7–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Capsule 3-lobed, 10–18 mm. long, the lobes broadly ridged, rugose, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464544 morphology F1FD6A48-78E4-4215-A54C-7DB248C6E283 Fig. 2/5–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867400-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Shrub or small tree to 6 m., though often less; young branches pubescent, but soon becoming glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Leaf-lamina oblong to elliptic or oblong-obovate, 8–24(–28) cm. long, 2.7–8.5(–10) cm. wide, the base cuneate to subrounded, the apex acuminate, glabrous above, often with some hairs at least on the midrib and lateral veins beneath, margin finely serrate-dentate, lateral veins 8–12 pairs; petiole 5–12 mm. long, pubescent to puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Inflorescence a terminal thyrse, often broadly pyramidal or subcorymbose in general outline; rachis usually 5–12 cm. long, puberulous, rarely shortly pubescent; flowers yellow or greenish yellow; bracts and bracteoles narrowly ovate to linear-lanceolate, 1–4 mm. long, margin ciliate, soon caducous; peduncle 10–32 mm. long, usually puberulous; pedicels slender, 1–3 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Sepals lanceolate to triangular-ovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, glabrous or puberulous, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Petals elliptical to elliptical-lanceolate, 3.5–4 mm. long, slightly recurved at the apex, often puberulous on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Stamens 3.5–3.7 mm. long, the filaments fused together into a tube in the lower half, the tube with a partly free, lobed or uneven, margin; connective-appendage ovate, slightly shorter than the anthers; thecal appendages 2, narrow-lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Ovary scurfy; style 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Capsule 3-lobed, 10–18 mm. long, scurfy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0000464302 morphology 641B09FC-8F57-4602-A12C-840B03020081 Fig. 3/6–9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867174-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Shrub or small tree to 6 m. tall, though often less; young branches rusty-pubescent, sometimes glabrescent or subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Leaf-lamina oblanceolate to oblong or obovate, 8–25(–30) cm. long, 3–8.5 cm. wide, subrounded to cuneate at the base, abruptly to ± gradually acuminate at the apex, glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib above, generally pubescent on the midrib and lateral veins beneath, often only sparsely so, margin serrate to serrate-dentate, subentire towards the base, lateral veins 12–17 pairs; petiole 0.8–5.3 cm. long, pubescent, rarely subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Inflorescence a terminal broad thyrse, pyramidal or subcorymbose generally, the rachis 4–10 cm. long; flowers yellowish, whitish yellow or greenish white, nodding in bud but usually becoming erect eventually; bracts and bracteoles ovate-triangular, 0.5–3 mm. long, pubescent, persistent; peduncle 10–30 mm. long, pubescent; pedicels 1–3 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Sepals ovate, 2–3 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent along the midrib, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Petals ovate-lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm. long, often pubescent in the lower half outside, ciliate, not recurved at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Stamens 2.5–3.5 mm. long, the filaments joined into a tube with a free irregular margin; connective-appendage oval, decurrent, up to twice the length of the anthers, subentire; thecal appendages 2, lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Ovary pubescent; style 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Capsule 3-lobed, 11–17 mm. long, shortly pubescent or glabrescent, rugose, blackish brown when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144963 morphology 6B1932A9-F86A-44A2-A4D2-9B69A532C5A8 Fig. 3/1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867201-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Shrub or small tree to 15 m., though generally less; young branches glabrous or sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Leaf-lamina elliptic to elliptic-oblanceolate, 4.8–14.5 cm. long, 1.6–4.8 cm. wide, the base ± cuneate, the apex acuminate, glabrous, margin shallowly serrate-crenate to subentire, lateral veins 6–9 pairs; petiole 6–14 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Inflorescence a broad terminal thyrse, generally with fewer than 20 flowers, the rachis short, usually 15–32 mm. long, puberulous; flowers yellow or brownish yellow, nodding at maturity; bracts and bracteoles ovate to linear-lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, margin ciliate; peduncle 5–11 mm. long, sparsely puberulous; pedicels slender, 2–3 mm. long, sparsely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Sepals ovate, 2–3 mm. long, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Petals oval-lanceolate to lanceolate, 5–6 mm. long, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Stamens 4–4.5 mm. long, the filaments fused together into a tube in the lower half, with a free rather irregular margin; connective-appendage elliptic-lanceolate, ± equal in length to the anthers; thecal appendages 2, long, ± two-thirds the length of the connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Ovary glabrous; style 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Capsule 3-lobed, 14–18 mm. long, finely rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144975 morphology 0FEFB8F3-D42C-4E55-A27F-957ACD6CF4B8 Fig. 4/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867413-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Shrub or small tree to 12 m. tall; branches sparsely pubescent at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Leaf-lamina elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 3.6–11.4 cm. long, 1.6–4.2 cm. wide, the base cuneate to subrounded, the apex acuminate to caudate, glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib and lateral veins beneath at first, margin crenate-serrate to ± entire, lateral veins 6–9 pairs; petiole 3–4 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Inflorescence a few-flowered axillary raceme, or solitary or fascicled; flowers white, fragrant; peduncle very uneven, slender, 2–30 mm. long, finely pubescent; bracts ovate, 1–2 mm. long, falling eventually; pedicels very slender, 4–19 mm. long, finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Sepals oval, 1.5–2 mm. long, ribbed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Petals narrow-oblong, 6.5–8 mm. long, ciliate at the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Stamens 2.8–3.25 mm. long, free or fused together at the very base of the filaments; connective-apppendage suborbicular, as long as, but twice as broad as, the anther, margin irregularly dentate; thecal appendages absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Ovary glabrous; style 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Capsule shallowly 3-lobed, 9–12 mm. long, glabrous, greenish yellow when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144977 morphology A500A97F-A52B-42E4-930F-4935CAD44619 Fig. 5/1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867109-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Shrub or small tree to 4 m. tall; branches glabrous or sparsely pubescent at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Leaf-lamina elliptic to elliptic-oblong or lanceolate-elliptic, 2.5–14.5 cm. long, 1–6.2 cm. wide, the base rounded or subrounded to ± cuneate, the apex subacute to acuminate, glabrous or pubescent on the midrib beneath, margin usually finely serrate-dentate, lateral viens 6–10 pairs; petiole 3–8 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Inflorescence a short axillary raceme, often appearing subcorymbose or fasciculate; flowers greenish white, sometimes flushed with pink inside; peduncle 3–10(–15) mm. long, pubescent; bracts ovate, 2–3 mm. long, closely imbricate at first, pubescent, persistent; pedicels slender, 3–6 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Sepals ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, finely ribbed, pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Petals oblong-oblanceolate, 3.5–5 mm. long, ciliate, often pubescent on the exterior, the tip somewhat recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Calyx campanulate, 3–5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Petals 5(–7) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Stamens numerous, almost free, all fertile in male flowers, sterile in female flowers; anther loculi spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Ovary of (1–)2–5(–6) free carpels each with 1 pendulous ovule; styles 5–6, ± adhering with stigmas reflexed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Fruits of (1–)4(–6) follicles each splitting into 2 boat-shaped valves, tomentose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000008138 morphology C2034AD9-C2F5-46D1-875E-0870DC6C1394 Seed subglobose, solitary, marbled; endosperm fleshy; cotyledons large and foliaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39397-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Leaves oblong or ovate, entire or repand, petiolate, stipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Cymes axillary, the upper forming terminal panicles; flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Calyx campanulate, 2–3-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Petals 5, narrowed to the base, without glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Androgynophore not developed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Stamens numerous, ± united at base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Ovary sessile, 2-lobed, 2-locular (2–4-locular fide Hutchinson); ovules 1(–2) per locule, pendulous; style obsolete or short; stigma sessile, large and spreading, lacerate or 2-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Fruit 2-lobed, usually one-seeded, at least that of the East African species indehiscent, each lobe with 2 unequal horizontally spreading wings in the vertical plane urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000006793 morphology 438309F9-CAB9-42A3-9821-F8A1211D7AB9 Seed large, hairy at least apically, with coriaceous testa and fleshy endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39389-1 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Small trees or shrubs, often scandent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Leaves alternate, simple, 3–5-nerved from the base, margins serrate to ± entire, petiolate; stipules entire or divided, caducous or sometimes persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Inflorescences axillary, leaf-opposed axillary or terminal cymes, or many-flowered panicles in sect. Microcos urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Bracts 3 at base of pedicels, small, ovate to linear, caducous, often falling while still in bud, rarely persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Flowers white, yellow or pink to purple, bisexual or possibly rarely unisexual, (4–)5-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Sepals linear-lanceolate to oblong or slightly spathulate, stellate-pubescent outside, usually the same colour as the petals inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Petals shorter than the sepals, oblong to subcircular, with a nectariferous claw at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Stamens numerous, attached to the hairy node of the androgynophore urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Ovary 2–4-locular, entire or 2–4-lobed, with 2–many axile ovules; style similar in length to the stamens; stigma with subulate or flattened lobes (or unlobed in sect. Microcos ) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Fruit a 1–4-lobed drupe with 1–4 pyrenes; mesocarp somewhat fleshy or fibrous; endocarp hard and woody urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000016210 morphology D8B02261-3E87-463F-A074-6035BEEEC363 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30123138-2 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Trees or shrubs or sometimes ± scandent, with stellate indumentum urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Leaves alternate, toothed; stipules divided into 2–6 subulate divisions, ± persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Flowers hermaphrodite, in axillary or terminal sessile or pedunculate many-flowered cymes, the individual elements umbelliform, pedicellate or subsessile; an involucre of stipule-like bracts around the groups of buds, often deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Sepals 5, free, sometimes fimbriate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Petals 5, shorter than the sepals, with a glandular area at the base inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Stamens numerous, joined at the base to form a glabrous or pubescent tube; anthers subglobose, dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Ovary 5–10-locular; style cylindrical with fimbriate stigma; ovules numerous, anatropous, in two rows in each locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Fruits ellipsoid, indehiscent with fibrous or woody wall, ± ridged, 5–10-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000011228 morphology 23AC2FFB-ED40-4834-8D41-DD1C732B10DD Seeds ovate in outline, compressed, winged at rounded and acute ends, coarsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39413-1 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Shrubs or herbs with indumentum of stellate and simple hairs mixed, or of stellate tomentum only, sometimes glabrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Leaves alternate, petiolate, 3–7-angled or-lobed, palmately nerved, crenate-dentate, crenate or serrate; stipules setaceous to triangular-lanceolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Inflorescence composed of extra-axillary or leaf-opposed pedunculate umbelliform cymes from upper axils; bracts short, resembling the stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Sepals 4, free, oblong to lanceolate, deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Petals 4, oblanceolate to obovate, without glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Stamens numerous with nodose filaments, the outer often sterile and moniliform; androgynophore obsolete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Ovary 4–5-locular; ovules numerous; style slender, glabrous, with 4–5-toothed stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Ovary 4–5-locular but septa sometimes evanescent apically; ovules numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000035862 morphology 9260D673-16F8-4021-9D8A-818F83E1703A Capsule ellipsoid, globose or oblong-ovoid, loculicidally 4–5-valved, covered with rigid bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331974-2 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Leaves alternate, often 3–5-lobed, toothed, 5–7-nerved from the base; stipules deciduous or persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Flowers hermaphrodite in 1–3-flowered cymes arranged in terminal or axillary inflorescences; bracts conspicuous, unequal, soon deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Sepals 4–5, free, with a rounded horn at apex, glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Petals 4–5, sometimes clawed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Androecium with numerous very short outer sterile stamens and 8–16 or many fertile, the outer shorter than the inner; anthers dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Ovary oblong, 4–8-locular with numerous ovules in 2 rows in each locule; style cylindric with 4–8 linear stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Capsule oblong, dehiscing loculicidally into 4–8 valves, winged or not and ± densely prickly urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 morphology 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Seeds numerous with fleshy albumen urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000008468 distribution 389111A5-FEFB-4ECC-8E3F-FA01DD4F698F Three species in tropical Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39399-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Leaves alternate, toothed, 3-nerved from the base, ± stellate-pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Flowers hermaphrodite in (2–)3–4(–5)-flowered umbelliform leaf-opposed or terminal cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Sepals 4–5, free, ± thick, equalling the 4–5 petals urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Stamens numerous, some outer ones sterile and reduced to lanceolate blades (all fertile fide Wild); filaments shortly joined at the base in groups; anthers linear, basifixed, dehiscent by apical pores, with very short crest above, sometimes 2-apiculate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Ovary 8–10-locular with ovules in 2 rows per locule; style short; stigma obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Fruit woody, indehiscent or ultimately breaking up longitudinally, with fibrous mesocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000015858 morphology 20B54E8A-8A11-4532-983C-8EB30B178F76 Seeds numerous, rounded, compressed; albumen fleshy; cotyledons cordate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39440-1 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Leaves alternate, simple, ovate, elliptic, lanceolate or oblong, verrucose above, margins serrate, crenate or dentate, often with a pair of basal setae; petioles pubescent, more so on one side; stipules subulate, pubescent, glabrous or ciliate, rarely stellate-tomentose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Inflorescence of 1–3(–5)-flowered, leaf-opposed fascicles, or cymes of up to 6 flowers; bracts subulate, pilose or glabrous, rarely stellate-tomentose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Sepals 4–5, free, acuminate, cucullate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Petals 4–5, obovate or oblanceolate rarely spathulate, free, yellow urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Stamens 5–∞ urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Ovary cylindric or oblong, rarely spherical, pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Fruit a capsule, solitary or in 2s–5s, cylindric or spherical, straight or slightly curved, splitting into 3–5 valves, often ending in a beak or spreading horns urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000009257 morphology 5EDBDD5C-DF8F-47E5-A1F5-E8B0EDB303D9 Seeds angular, dolabriform or oblong-ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002707-2 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Small trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Leaves very oblique at the base, serrate; stipules linear urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Flowers supra-axillary, in 2–3(–?4)-flowered fascicles or solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Sepals 5, long-acuminate with filiform tips which form 5 apical tails in the buds urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Petals 5(–?7), obovate with short claws urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Ovary superior, (?3–)5–7-locular, surrounded by an elevation of the receptacle which is densely glandular-pilose around the margin; ovules very numerous, minute; stigma sessile, thick, coarsely ridged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000024985 morphology 05443EDB-2BB5-4E52-998A-AA8883DAE89D Berry usually 6-locular with numerous small seeds immersed in pulp. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39485-1 wfo-4000004820 morphology AF45492C-F76E-4E04-82D5-34A4A78928D3 Annual or perennial shrubs or herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331408-2 wfo-4000004820 morphology AF45492C-F76E-4E04-82D5-34A4A78928D3 Leaves alternate, sessile or shortly petiolate, simple, dentate to pinnatifid, usually hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331408-2 wfo-4000004820 morphology AF45492C-F76E-4E04-82D5-34A4A78928D3 Capitula heterogamous, disciform, solitary or in lax corymbs or panicles; phyllaries numerous, the outermost shortest, chartaceous, all pubescent on the abaxial surface, with scarious margins; receptacle honeycombed, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331408-2 wfo-4000004820 morphology AF45492C-F76E-4E04-82D5-34A4A78928D3 Florets usually yellow, but purple or mauve in ours; outer florets female, filiform, in several rows, inner florets with 4–5 lobes; anthers tailed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:12999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331408-2 wfo-4000004820 morphology AF45492C-F76E-4E04-82D5-34A4A78928D3 Achenes narrowly oblong, ribbed, hairy; pappus uniseriate, of numerous barbellate bristles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331408-2 wfo-4000004820 distribution AF45492C-F76E-4E04-82D5-34A4A78928D3 About a hundred species, mainly in tropical Asia, but a few in Australia and Africa.“There is no more unsatisfactory genus than this” (Hooker). urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331408-2 wfo-4000019106 morphology 33A11554-6BC3-4EB2-8362-B2F6B11ED52E Annual or perennial herbs, occasionally shrubby urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329837-2 wfo-4000019106 morphology 33A11554-6BC3-4EB2-8362-B2F6B11ED52E Leaves alternate, simple, generally sessile, often in a basal rosette urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329837-2 wfo-4000019106 morphology 33A11554-6BC3-4EB2-8362-B2F6B11ED52E Capitula homo- or heterogamous, disciform or radiate, solitary or few together in corymbose cymes; phyllaries chartaceous, in several rows; receptacle epaleate, sometimes glandular between the areolae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329837-2 wfo-4000019106 morphology 33A11554-6BC3-4EB2-8362-B2F6B11ED52E Ray florets present, female, 2–3-dentate at apex, or absent, and then 4-lobed female discflorets present (at least in East African material); disc florets hermaphrodite, 5-lobed, anthers sagittate with long tails, style branches linear and obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329837-2 wfo-4000019106 morphology 33A11554-6BC3-4EB2-8362-B2F6B11ED52E Achenes cylindric, ribbed; pappus of barbellate bristles, in our species 1-seriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329837-2 wfo-4000012719 morphology 33AF0739-8F56-44E3-8F30-8EC9ABB21D12 Perennial herbs, shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8701-1 wfo-4000012719 morphology 33AF0739-8F56-44E3-8F30-8EC9ABB21D12 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8701-1 wfo-4000012719 morphology 33AF0739-8F56-44E3-8F30-8EC9ABB21D12 Capitula radiate or disciform, solitary or few together, or in dense terminal corymbs; receptacle honeycombed, with scale-like ridges urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8701-1 wfo-4000012719 morphology 33AF0739-8F56-44E3-8F30-8EC9ABB21D12 Florets yellow or whitish; anthers with apical appendage generally truncate or emarginate (except in our species) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8701-1 wfo-4000012719 morphology 33AF0739-8F56-44E3-8F30-8EC9ABB21D12 Achenes ellipsoid, pilose; pappus 1-seriate, of barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8701-1 wfo-4000019153 morphology 31C3A12C-21A3-4B72-A4D1-27B93127CA78 Shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893457-1 wfo-4000019153 morphology 31C3A12C-21A3-4B72-A4D1-27B93127CA78 Leaves alternate, small, dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893457-1 wfo-4000019153 morphology 31C3A12C-21A3-4B72-A4D1-27B93127CA78 Capitula discoid, homogamous, in terminal corymbs; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, with conspicuous median secretory duct; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893457-1 wfo-4000019153 morphology 31C3A12C-21A3-4B72-A4D1-27B93127CA78 Florets white, yellow or purple all hermaphrodite, 5-lobed, anthers with short tails urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893457-1 wfo-4000019153 morphology 31C3A12C-21A3-4B72-A4D1-27B93127CA78 Pappus of several rows of barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:893457-1 wfo-4000028442 morphology 27A558E9-B4B3-40B5-BE9D-24E541D7CD46 Herbs or shrublets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10414-1 wfo-4000028442 morphology 27A558E9-B4B3-40B5-BE9D-24E541D7CD46 Leaves simple, glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10414-1 wfo-4000028442 morphology 27A558E9-B4B3-40B5-BE9D-24E541D7CD46 Capitula homogamous, discoid; receptacle honeycombed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10414-1 wfo-4000028442 morphology 27A558E9-B4B3-40B5-BE9D-24E541D7CD46 Florets yellow or purplish, lobes with hairs, style arms ± flattened, rounded or obtuse at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10414-1 wfo-4000028442 morphology 27A558E9-B4B3-40B5-BE9D-24E541D7CD46 Achenes with crystals; pappus of barbellate bristles, often with an outer row of smaller bristles or scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10414-1 wfo-4000028599 morphology D02470D2-9D96-4297-B075-5F89D147F1C7 Small shrubs or annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10422-1 wfo-4000028599 morphology D02470D2-9D96-4297-B075-5F89D147F1C7 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10422-1 wfo-4000028599 morphology D02470D2-9D96-4297-B075-5F89D147F1C7 Capitula generally heterogamous and radiate, but sometimes disciform or homogamous and discoid (as in ours), in terminal cymose panicles; receptacle epaleate, smooth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10422-1 wfo-4000028599 morphology D02470D2-9D96-4297-B075-5F89D147F1C7 Ray florets yellow (in ours absent); disc florets yellow, 5-lobed, style arms ± flattened, obtuse or truncate at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10422-1 wfo-4000028599 morphology D02470D2-9D96-4297-B075-5F89D147F1C7 Achenes ellipsoid; pappus of barbellate bristles in one row. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10422-1 wfo-4000032167 morphology 1423B2DC-B4D0-46B9-82D5-B2E2ADC99A98 Herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30117361-2 wfo-4000032167 morphology 1423B2DC-B4D0-46B9-82D5-B2E2ADC99A98 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30117361-2 wfo-4000032167 morphology 1423B2DC-B4D0-46B9-82D5-B2E2ADC99A98 Capitula heterogamous and radiate (in our species), solitary or in terminal corymbs; receptacle epaleate, with scale-like ridges urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30117361-2 wfo-4000032167 morphology 1423B2DC-B4D0-46B9-82D5-B2E2ADC99A98 Female florets radiate, small; disc florets 5-dentate; anthers sagittate and caudate; style branches linear, flat and obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30117361-2 wfo-4000032167 morphology 1423B2DC-B4D0-46B9-82D5-B2E2ADC99A98 Achenes cylindric, 4-ribbed and -angled, setulose-pubescent on the angles; pappus 2-seriate, the inner of smooth or barbellate bristles, the outer of short connate scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30117361-2 wfo-4000030970 morphology 5724A18C-AADD-4176-8CF7-E87266D02942 Herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10662-1 wfo-4000030970 morphology 5724A18C-AADD-4176-8CF7-E87266D02942 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10662-1 wfo-4000030970 morphology 5724A18C-AADD-4176-8CF7-E87266D02942 Capitula heterogamous & disciform; phyllaries multiseriate, the outermost shortest; receptacle hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10662-1 wfo-4000030970 morphology 5724A18C-AADD-4176-8CF7-E87266D02942 Outer florets female, filiform with minute lobes; inner florets hermaphrodite, infundibuliform, lobes 5, pilose, anthers sagittate, style arms linear and obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10662-1 wfo-4000030970 morphology 5724A18C-AADD-4176-8CF7-E87266D02942 Achenes hairy; pappus of 5–9 ± smooth bristles, rarely with an additional series of shorter scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10662-1 wfo-4000015439 morphology 31A002A5-23ED-485F-9AE0-E1BD8C75A84B Herbs or shrublets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9032-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Style slender, very slightly swollen opposite the filaments, with a neck 4 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523881 morphology 472F9660-D915-4EE5-8B2E-42B4477E8882 Young berries oblong-obovoid, warted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003122-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Small shrub, spreading and rather compact, to 1 m.; branchlets slightly compressed, soon terete, glabrous except in axils, lenticellate to varying degrees. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Leaves alternate; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina slightly fleshy, brownish to yellow-green, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 5–12 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. wide, slightly acuminate to acute or obtuse at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, with 6–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the second–third ± strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Umbels several, sessile, with 2–4 flowers in sockets; bract cupular, 1–2 mm. long, lacerate, usually with a subulate erose limb 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Receptacle 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Calyx cupular, 2–3(–4 in fruit) mm. long, with distinct teeth 0.5–1 mm. long, ciliate, usually splitting unilaterally as the corolla expands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:63999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Corolla 3–4 cm. long, tube red, lobes yellow over vents, with red to red-brown tips; apical swelling of bud slight, 5 mm. long, apiculate; basal swelling oblong-ellipsoid to globose-ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, linear-oblanceolate in upper two-thirds to three-quarters, apiculate, 7–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Filaments inflexed, yellow, the last 1 mm. hardened, paler, thickened; tooth 0.2–0.3 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Style slender, slightly expanded and red opposite the filaments, narrowed to a neck 2–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.6–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Berry bright red, narrowly obovoid, 6–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter, warted especially on upper half; seed orange-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523825 morphology A035D4B7-D01C-4A5D-BFD9-42639E7388E1 Fig. 10/13–17 (p. 47). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969267-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Small shrub, spreading to 1 m.; branchlets scurfy at tips but soon thickened, grey, glabrescent and prominently lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Leaves alternate; petiole 1–5 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, deep green, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 4–8 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, few-nerved, the second pair ascending almost to apex (sometimes scarcely apparent). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Umbels 1–several, sessile, with 2–4 flowers in sockets; bract cupular, 2–3 mm. long, slightly lacerate, sparsely ciliolate, sometimes with a small limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Receptacle 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Calyx tubular, 3–5 mm. long, shortly toothed, ciliate, circumscissile near the base as the corolla swells, the detached part persistent on the corolla-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Corolla 3.2–4.2 cm. long, tube red, lobes yellow over vents, with darker red tip; apical swelling of bud slight, 5 mm. long; basal swelling globose-ellipsoid, 4 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 7–8 mm. long, linear-oblanceolate in the upper two-thirds to three-quarters. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Filaments inflexed, orange-yellow, the last 1 mm. hardened, paler, thickened; tooth 0.2–0.3 mm. long; anthers 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Style slender, red, slightly expanded opposite the filaments, narrowed to a neck 3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.7–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523814 morphology 9E20090D-1420-4E1B-90C4-B2E534A56169 Fig. 10/18 (p. 47). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997530-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Shrub, spreading to 1 m., with a well-developed haustorial attachment, very rarely with subcortical runners, glabrous; branchlets slightly compressed to soon terete and densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Leaves mostly alternate, sometimes some ± opposite; petiole 3–20 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, dull green to yellow-green, often with a red flush, ovate to ovate-elliptic, 5–13 cm. long, 3–8(–11) cm. wide, subacute to rounded at the apex, rounded to cuneate and slightly attenuate at the base, several-nerved from near the base, other venation rather irregular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Umbels several, sessile, with 2–3 flowers in sockets; bract cupular, oblique, with a slight triangular limb and sometimes slightly lacerate, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Receptacle 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Calyx cupular, slightly toothed, 1–4 mm. long, ciliolate, split longitudinally into several segments as the corolla-base expands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Corolla 3–5 cm. long, tube red, sometimes green-banded at the top, lobes yellow over vents, with dark red to blackish tips; apical part of bud not swollen; basal swelling subglobular, 4–6 mm. long, 3.5–6 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, slightly hardened in the upper half, pointed, 7–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Filaments inflexed, yellow-green then brownish, the last 1 mm. hardened, paler, thickened; tooth 0.3–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Style slender, slightly expanded and red opposite the filaments, narrowed to a 3 mm. long neck; stigma capitate, 0.5–0.8 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523869 morphology 718D0265-5859-416C-A575-E70302B05C49 Berry red, obovoid, 8–9 mm. long, 5–6 mm. in diameter, warty; seed red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969293-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Shrublet; stems often short, 5–50 cm. long, simple or with short flowering branches, ultimately more bushy, frequently connected by subcortical runners; branchlets slightly compressed, soon terete, glabrous, usually sparsely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Leaves alternate, often little-developed at flowering time; petiole 1–10 mm. long; lamina thick, often reddish flushed, oblanceolate to obovate, 2.5–6(–9) cm. long, 1–3(–5) cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base, 3–5-nerved from near the base (nerves sometimes obscure). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Umbels several, sessile, with 2–3 flowers in sockets; bract cupular, oblique, with a slight triangular limb, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Calyx cupular, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, split as the corolla-base expands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Corolla 3.5–4.5 cm. long, tube red, lobes yellow over vents, with darker red to maroon tip; apical part of bud not swollen; basal swelling ellipsoid-globose, 3.5–5 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, slightly hardened in upper half, pointed, 8–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Filaments inflexed, yellow, the last 1.5 mm. hardened, paler, thickened; tooth 0.3–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Style slender, slightly expanded opposite the filaments, narrowed to a neck 3–4 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523858 morphology 4B448084-05F8-4A18-BEB8-FC4AB0F701FD Berry bright pink or red, narrowly obovoid, 7–8 mm. long, 4–6 mm. in diameter, coarsely tubercled especially above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969286-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Well-branched shrub to 1 m., glabrous; branchlets slightly compressed, soon terete, ultimately densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Leaves usually alternate; petiole 5–20 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, bluish-green, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, sometimes slightly obovate, 4–13 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, cuneate or rounded to attenuate at the base, with the few main nerves all ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Umbels (1–)2–3(–6)-flowered; peduncle 0–2(–3) mm. long; pedicels 0–2 mm. long in an oblique saucer-shaped socket; bract cupular, (1.5–)2–3 mm. long, ciliate, with a slight limb and sometimes puberulous on that side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Receptacle 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Calyx cupular, 2–4 mm. long, shortly toothed, ciliolate, splitting unilaterally as the corolla swells. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Corolla 3.5–5 cm. long, red, lobes yellow over vents, with darker red tips; narrow above vents in bud; basal swelling ellipsoid to obovoid-globose, 5–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter; tube constricted above for 4–6 mm.; lobes erect, 8–11 mm. long, the upper two-thirds linear-oblanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Filaments inflexed, thickened in distal 1–2 mm.; tooth 0.3–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Style slender, slightly expanded opposite the filaments, narrowed to a neck 3–4 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523830 morphology 5371296F-818F-40B3-A2D2-D17E237EA842 Berry red, oblong-obovoid, 10 mm. long, 5–7 mm. in diameter, verrucose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969270-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Bushy shrub to 1.5 m., with relatively short lateral branches, glabrous except very occasionally on the inflorescences and even more rarely on youngest twigs; branchlets compressed at first, pruinose, soon terete, rather stout, brown to grey, with late emergence of lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Leaves mostly subopposite, more alternate on long shoots, with smaller, more rounded, shorter petioled leaves clustered at the base of lateral shoots; petiole 0.5–2(–3) cm. long; lamina glaucous (?always), coriaceous, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 3–12 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide, bluntly pointed at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, with 3–6 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Umbels or heads (4–)6–16-flowered; peduncle 5–12 mm. long and pedicels 5–8 mm. long, normally glabrous, occasionally puberulous; bract ovate-triangular, pointed to truncate, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Receptacle 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Calyx 0.3–0.8 mm. long, with broad shallow teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Corolla 4–6 cm. long, orange to pale flame-red, with yellow band around vents, bud-tip darker and slightly ribbed, glabrous or very rarely with a few small scattered hairs; basal swelling ovoid-ellipsoid to ovoid-globose, 5–9 mm. long, 4–6 mm. in diameter, with the tube constricted for 2–11 mm. above; lobes erect, 9–11 mm. long; upper expanded part linear-elliptic, 5–7 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, hardened inside, keeled outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Stamens inflexed; tooth 0.3–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Style with a neck 2.5–4 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523857 morphology A0DCEBD6-A1C0-4CA4-96A7-FC95D17A414B Berry red, obovoid, 10–12 mm. long, 7–8 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969285-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Stems spreading to 1 m. or more; branchlets slightly flattened, pubescent with short spreading hairs, the longer ones branched, red-brown and shed first, gradually glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Leaves alternate to opposite; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, slightly glossy, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 6–14 cm. long, 2–5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, soon glabrous except sometimes near the base; lateral nerves 4–8 pairs, mostly obliquely ascending (uppermost more spreading). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Umbels 6–12-flowered; peduncle 3–5 mm. long and pedicels 4–5 mm. long, both densely short spreading puberulous; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Receptacle 2.5 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Calyx 0.7–1 mm. long, toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Corolla (4.5–)5–5.5 cm. long, red, banded yellow around vents, with darker red tip, minutely puberulous on bud-head and thinly pubescent with short branched hairs on tube; apical swelling of bud oblong-ellipsoid, ribbed; basal swelling ovoid-ellipsoid, 6–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter, narrowed above for 5–7 mm.; lobes erect, 9–11 mm. long, the upper part linear-elliptic, 5–6 mm. long, 0.8–1 mm. in diameter, hardened inside, slightly keeled outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Stamens inflexed; tooth 0.2–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Style with a neck 2–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523826 morphology 02E871D7-B7EC-4AC8-B030-CB2502242A37 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969268-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Shrub flowering mostly on relatively short lateral branches; branchlets slightly flattened, puberulous with short spreading hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Leaves subopposite; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, somewhat glaucous, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 5–11.5 cm. long, 1–4 cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous except for a few scattered hairs near the base, with 4–6 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones ± strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Umbels 8–12-flowered; peduncle 7–10 mm. long, covered with stiff spreading hairs; pedicels 6–8 mm. long, similarly hairy; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Receptacle 1.8–2 mm. long, minutely puberulous to subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long, shortly and broadly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Corolla 4–4.5 cm. long, dull yellow to red with mauve tip, minutely puberulous on the lobes, subglabrous to sparsely puberulous on the tube (more conspicuous on constriction); apex of bud narrowly oblong-elliptic, 5–6 mm. long, 2.5 mm. in diameter, slightly ribbed; basal swelling ovoid-globose, 6 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter, narrowed for 2–3 mm. above; lobes erect, 9 mm. long, the upper expanded part linear-elliptic, 5–5.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hardened inside, keeled outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Stamens inflexed; tooth 0.5 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Style with a neck 2.5–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.7 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523843 morphology 7E9D916C-40DB-4681-BE0F-E7E19D3D2B6F Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969277-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Much-branched shrub to 1 m., flowering mostly on relatively short lateral shoots; branchlets slightly flattened at first, densely covered with short spreading hairs, longer ones branched, red-brown and shed first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Leaves mostly opposite to subopposite, but those at the base of lateral shoots crowded, smaller, shorter stalked, more obovate and with fewer more ascending nerves; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, dull green to slightly glaucous, lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate or ovate-elliptic, 4–13 cm. long, 0.5–3 cm. wide, narrowed or slightly acuminate to an acute or obtuse apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, pubescent to glabrous except near the base, with 4–6 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Umbels (1–)2–8-flowered; peduncle (0–)1.5–3 mm. long, densely spreading hairy; pedicels 2–5 mm. long, densely hairy; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long, hairy to almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Calyx flared, 1–1.5 mm. long, split by the expanding corolla, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Corolla 3.8–4.2 cm. long, greenish white, orange-red around vents, with greenish tip flushed dull red outside, usually dull red inside tube along the lines of filament-attachments, densely covered with mostly branched hairs 1–2 mm. long; apical swelling of bud slight, 5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter; basal swelling ellipsoid-globose, 4–5 mm. long, 3–4.5 mm. in diameter, narrowed for 3–4 mm. above; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long, the upper slightly expanded part linear-oblanceolate, 5–7.5 mm. long, 0.6–0.8 mm. wide, slightly hardened inside especially above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Stamens red, the upper third paler, thickened and hardened, with a very small tooth; anthers 1.8–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Style often flushed red opposite the filaments, with a neck 2–2.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.5–0.7 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523850 morphology 46ADC0CC-7DA0-4A34-A139-38985E4F5C73 Berry oblong-obovoid, 8 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter, crowned by persistent calyx, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969281-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Large shrub, spreading and pendulous, flowering mostly on relatively short lateral branches; branchlets stout, slightly flattened, minutely velvety, the slightly longer hairs reddish brown, branched and falling first, gradually glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Leaves opposite and subopposite; petiole 1–2 cm. long; lamina deep green, somewhat blue-green beneath, coriaceous, ovate to ovate-elliptic, 7–17 cm. long, 3–12 cm. wide, bluntly pointed at the apex, basally cuneate to rounded, scabridulous with minute branched hairs especially on midvein and beneath, glabrescent, with 4–9 pairs of main lateral nerves, the lower ones obliquely ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Umbels 6–8-flowered; peduncle 4–5 mm. long; pedicels 3–4 mm. long, red-brown velvety; bract-limb ovate-triangular to elliptic-concave, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Receptacle 2.5 mm. long, red-brown velutinous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Calyx cupular, 0.8–1 mm. long, subentire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Corolla 4.5–5 cm. long, reddish on bulbous base, then vivid orange-vermilion, banded orange-yellow at the base of the lobes with red tips, velutinous with minute red-brown branched hairs; apex of bud shortly oblong-ellipsoid, 5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. in diameter, slightly angled and with slight keels raised into small subapical prominences; basal swelling ovoid-ellipsoid, 8–10 mm. long, 4.5–5 mm. in diameter, narrowed for 5–6 mm. above; lobes erect, 11 mm. long, the upper expanded part 5.5–6 mm. long, 1.2–1.5 mm. wide, hardened inside, slightly crested outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Stamens pink shading to orange-yellow, inflexed; tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Style red opposite the filaments, with a neck 3–3.5 mm. long above; stigma 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523872 morphology 0D232884-8627-49E6-A3FF-2538B438AC7C Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003129-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Spreading and pendent shrub to 2 m., flowering mostly on relatively short lateral branches; branchlets slightly flattened, velvety with very short spreading branched hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Leaves subopposite; petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina slightly fleshy, linear-lanceolate to ovate or oblong-elliptic, 5–10 cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate to rounded or cordate at the base, puberulous (more densely along midrib), ultimately glabrescent, with 4–6 pairs of spreading-ascending main lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Umbels 6–12-flowered; peduncle and pedicels 2–5 mm. long, velvety; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Receptacle 3 mm. long, densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Calyx cupular, 1–1.5 mm. long, slightly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Corolla 4.5–5.5 cm. long, pale orange-yellow, banded yellow around vents, sometimes greenish at the base, tip turning reddish, densely covered with branched hairs, the longer ones wispy and ± reddish; apex of buds oblong-ellipsoid to narrowly obovoid, 6–7 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter, slightly ribbed below; basal swelling ovoid-ellipsoid, 7–8 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter, narrowed for 4–5 mm. above; lobes erect, 9–11 mm. long, the upper expanded part linear-elliptic, 5.5–6.5 mm. long, 1–1.2 mm. wide, hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Stamens red, inflexed; tooth 0.3–0.5 mm. long; anthers 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Style red opposite vents, with a neck 3–4 mm. above; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523851 morphology 103E9093-7A86-4FB3-A6BB-7CD1BFE1525F Berry red, obovoid, 10 mm. long, 8 mm. in diameter, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969282-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Stems spreading to 1.5 m. long; branchlets scurfy-tomentellous with small much-branched red-brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Leaves opposite to alternate; petiole 1–3 cm. long; lamina dull mid-green, thinly coriaceous, linear-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic-oblong, 4–13 cm. long, 0.5–5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, scurfy-pubescent, soon glabrescent, with 8–10 pairs of spreading lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Umbels (or heads) 6–16-flowered; peduncle 5–8 mm. long, scurfy; pedicels 3–5 mm. long, similarly hairy; bract-limb linear to oblong-lanceolate, eventually produced into a slight foliaceous limb, 4–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, red-brown scurfy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Calyx 0.8–1 mm. long, toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Corolla 3.5–4.5 cm. long, orange, becoming redder inside, scurfy puberulous with short much-branched red-brown hairs; apex of buds shortly oblong-ellipsoid, 4 mm. long, 2 mm. in diameter, angular; basal swelling ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter, narrowed for 3–4 mm. above; lobes erect, 7–9 mm. long, the upper expanded part oblanceolate to linear-elliptic, 3–4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hardened inside, slightly keeled outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Stamens red, inflexed; tooth 0.2 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Style red opposite vents, narrowed to a 2–3 mm. long neck; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523879 morphology 3E98935A-4338-4DE2-9400-04B602A414DB Berry red, obovoid-ellipsoid, 8–10 mm. long, 6–7 mm. in diameter, scurfy; seed dark yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969300-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Much-branched shrub; branchlets stout, shortly hairy with branched red-brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole 6–16 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, ovate-elliptic, rarely obovate, 5–9 cm. long, 3–5.5 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, rather densely puberulous with branched hairs when young, glabrescent except on the nerves, with 6–8 pairs of main lateral nerves, the second–third rather strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Umbels mostly 4-flowered; peduncle 1–2 mm. long, glabrous to puberulous; pedicels 3–4 mm. long, densely puberulous; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Receptacle 2 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Calyx 0.5–0.7 mm. long, truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Corolla 5.5–6 cm. long, lemon-yellow, with orange-red tip in bud, puberulous (hairs 0.5 mm.); apical swelling of buds truncate, 4 mm. across, 5-winged; basal swelling ellipsoid, 6–8 mm. long; lobes erect, 1 cm. long, upper half expanded, hardened inside, strongly keeled outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Stamens inflexed; tooth 0.7 mm. long; anthers 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Style with a neck 3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523816 morphology 3131F0C9-8AE7-4A73-8C63-2B0A4AAB75F4 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969261-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Spreading shrub to 1 m., with relatively short lateral flowering branches; branchlets slightly compressed, soon terete and densely lenticellate, subglabrous to densely puberulous on youngest parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Leaves mostly subopposite; petiole 5–15(–25) mm. long; lamina yellow-green turning dark green, slightly fleshy, lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, rarely broadly elliptic, 4–9(–12) cm. long, 1.5–4(–5) cm. wide, bluntly pointed, ± slightly acuminate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, glabrous, with few main lateral nerves, the lower ones ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Umbels 4–12-flowered; peduncle 1–5 mm. long, puberulous; pedicels 3–6 mm. long, puberulous; bract triangular-lanceolate, pointed or truncate, 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, glabrous to puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Calyx 0.5 mm. long, with short broad teeth, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Corolla 3.8–4.2 cm. long, orange to reddish, yellow or yellow-green at the base, yellow or orange-yellow banded around vents, tip of bud yellow or green, ± darkening red, puberulous especially on apical swelling, very sparsely to distinctly puberulous elsewhere; apex in bud oblong to obovoid, rounded to subtruncate, strongly ribbed, 4 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter; basal swelling ovoid-globose, 4–6 mm. long, 3.5–4.5 mm. in diameter, narrowed for 4–8 mm. above; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long; upper expanded part oblanceolate, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hardened inside, strongly keeled outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Stamens orange or red, inflexed to involute; tooth 0.3 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Style red opposite vents, narrowed to a paler 2.5–3 mm. long neck; stigma 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Berry red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Shrub or small tree 2.4–6(–9 fide Semsei 770) m. tall, with grey somewhat fissured bark; branchlets brownish, ridged, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Leaf-blades elliptic, obovate, narrowly elliptic-obovate or obovate-lanceolate, 2–12 cm. long, 1.2–5.5 cm. broad, rounded, subacute or very obscurely and obtusely acuminate at the apex, rounded or more rarely cuneate at the base, thin, green above, paler and often rather glaucous beneath; venation delicately reticulate, prominent on both surfaces; petioles ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Flowers on branches up to 2.5 cm. in diameter; pedicels 0.3–2.2 cm. long, velvety brown hairy, sheathed at the base by the bracteoles up to 2 mm. long and wide; in the very young stage, before the flowers have developed at all, the buds, consisting of overlapping bracteoles, are strongly reminiscent of a grass spikelet and the leaf-buds are also similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Sepals broadly triangular-reniform or ovate, 6–9 mm. long and wide, concave, glabrous and often verrucose when dry inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Petals pale yellow or brownish; outer 3 with lamina semicircular, ± 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 0.8–1 cm. wide, claw 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, sericeous outside, glabrous inside or only minutely puberulous at the apex; inner 3 with lamina transversely oblong-subreniform, 4 mm. long, 8.5 mm. wide, claw 4–6 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, ciliate or faintly puberulous outside, glabrous inside (save for the brush of brown bristles); in all petals the lamina is irregularly crenulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Stamens 0.6–0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Fruiting pedicels up to ?2.5 cm. long; monocarps 8–15, fusiform, 5–6.8 cm. long, 1.8–2.2 cm. wide, irregularly longitudinally 3–ribbed (or sometimes with additional incomplete ribs), 5-seeded, not at all constricted between the seeds, at first ferruginous tomentose with short hairs, later only patchily so; stipe almost obsolete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0001066269 morphology 2B7E85AD-5B9E-4FFE-A7A5-524E20CF6FB4 Seeds brown, irregularly oblong-ellipsoid, ± 2.5 cm. long, 1.4 cm. wide, 8 mm. thick, the testa thickened on each side to form a wing, which at the apex of the seed terminates in a sort of hook, somewhat crenulated around the terminal hilum; actual faces of the seed undulate, the testa following the rumination of the endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74194-1 wfo-0000537947 morphology 4D55917A-02E7-4B89-86D7-4025FEE5E49E Much branched shrub or small tree 3–6 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72319-1 wfo-0000537947 morphology 4D55917A-02E7-4B89-86D7-4025FEE5E49E Leaf-blades oblong, elliptic-oblong, oblong-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 7–17 cm. long, 3–5.5 cm. wide, obtuse or subacute at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, glabrous above, slightly pubescent or glabrescent beneath; petiole 0.4–1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72319-1 wfo-0000537947 morphology 4D55917A-02E7-4B89-86D7-4025FEE5E49E Outer petals green, purple at the base, oblong, 1.6–2.5 cm. long, 6–7.5 mm. wide, keeled inside; inner petals reduced to minute scales or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72319-1 wfo-0000537947 morphology 4D55917A-02E7-4B89-86D7-4025FEE5E49E Fruits globose or conical, 5–10 cm. long and wide, formed of loosely cohering or almost free carpels, the rounded ends projecting to render the surface tuberculate; surface greenish-yellow with a powdery bloom; pulp white tinged yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72319-1 wfo-0000537947 morphology 4D55917A-02E7-4B89-86D7-4025FEE5E49E Seeds dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72319-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Shrub or small tree (0.8–) 1.5–10m. tall; bark grey-brown, often rough and corrugated; young stems mostly ferruginous velvety to greyish tomentose, at length glabrous; leaf-bases and scars mostly prominent, often with raised lines decurrent beneath them. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Leaf-blades oblong to ovate or elliptic, (4–)6–18.5(–34) cm. long, 2.5–11.5(–26) cm. wide, obtuse or apiculate to rounded or slightly emarginate at the apex, cuneate or truncate to cordate at the base, papery to coriaceous, glabrous or sparsely pubescent above save for hairy midrib, glabrescent to thickly ferruginous velvety beneath; venation reticulate beneath; petiole (0.5–)1–2(–2.5) cm. long, glabrous to velvety tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Flowers solitary or in fascicles of 2–4, extra-axillary; pedicels 1–2.7 cm. long, tomentose; bracteoles 1–2 or wanting, small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Sepals ovate-triangular, 3–4 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, obtuse to acute, pubescent or tomentose outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Petals greenish outside, creamy to yellowish or pinkish within, sometimes blotched with purple, or crimson blotched at base inside, fleshy; outer broadly ovate, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) cm. long, 0.9–1.1 cm. wide, obtuse, adpressed greyish or yellowish pubescent outside, glabrous or minutely papillose within; inner narrowly oblong, trigonous, 0.8–1 cm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Stamens linear, 1.7–2.5 mm. long; anther-cells equal or unequal at the base; connective-prolongation obliquely capitate, minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Carpels cylindric, 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Fruiting stalks 1.5–5 cm. long; fruits yellow or orange, ovoid or globose, 2.5–5 cm. long, 2.5–4 cm. wide; areoles slightly raised, very obtuse, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537928 morphology FE8A871A-6910-4449-93B1-45B3BF9DF1AF Seeds numerous, orange-brown, cylindric, oblong or obovate-oblong, compressed, 0.8–1.4 cm. long, 4–6(–8.5) mm. wide, 3.5–5 mm. thick; aril fibrillated, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72309-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Subshrub or shrub 0.3–1 m. tall, mostly rhizomatous; stems mostly annual, simple or branched, densely ferruginous hairy when young, later often glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Leaf-blades narrowly oblong-elliptic, oblanceolate, ovate or obovate, 1.5–18(–24) cm. long, 0.5–6(–12.5) cm. wide, rounded, acute, acuminate or even slightly emarginate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, not coriaceous, glabrous or sparsely pubescent above, glaucous and mostly densely pubescent beneath; petioles channelled, 0.2–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Flowers solitary or rarely paired, extra-axillary; pedicels 0.8–2.5 cm. long, tomentose or pubescent; bracteoles small, oblong-ovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Sepals ovate, triangular, 3–4 mm. long and wide, tomentose outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Petals green outside, yellow inside, fleshy or woody; outer broadly ovate, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) cm. long and wide, obtuse, concave, shortly densely adpressed pubescent outside; inner linear-oblong or narrowly oblong-elliptic, 10 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Stamens linear or clavate, 1.5–2 mm. long, the connective-prolongations obliquely capitate, finely papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Carpels cylindric, 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrescent; stigmas subclavate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Fruiting pedicels (1–) 1.5–4 cm. long, pubescent; fruit yellowish-brown, ovoid or globose, 1.7–3 cm. in diameter, reticulate, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0000537951 morphology F61FECA7-05B5-43B1-A957-CC45383DE00D Seeds chestnut, ovoid to cylindrical, longitudinally flattened, 7–9 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide; aril fibrillated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72128-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Shrub or several-stemmed small tree 3–6 m. tall, with smooth grey bark; young branchlets dark when dry, glaucous, with obscure raised rugae; older branches brown, ridged, with rather elongate lenticels and very prominent leaf-scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Leaf-blades elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, 6–18 cm. long, 3.3–8 cm. wide, broadly rounded to obscurely acuminate or sometimes retuse at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, at first thin and glaucous but later almost coriaceous, glabrous; in adult leaves the venation is closely reticulate and slightly raised on both surfaces; petioles 4–8 mm. long, glabrous; bud-scales 1.3 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, coriaceous, rugulose, with ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Flowers pendulous in extra-axillary cymes; peduncle 2–3 cm. long; pedicels 2–5 cm. long; bracts and bracteoles ovate, 0.8–2 cm. long, 0.5–1.2 cm. wide, acute at the apex, cordate at the base, glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Sepals ovate, 7–8 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Petals cream, yellow-green or dark yellow, heavily marked with red or reddish-brown; outer elliptic-oblong, 1.9–2 cm. long, 1.1–1.5 cm. wide, obtuse, the margins undulate and crisped, glabrous; inner remaining connivent for some time, with a transversely elliptic lamina and cuneate claw, ± 1–1.2 cm. long, 0.9–1.1 cm. wide in lamina area, 6 mm. wide at top of claw and 3 mm. wide at base of claw, glabrous outside, but lamina long-pilose inside and with dense rather woolly hairs around the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Stamens 0.5–0.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Ovary ovoid, ± 1 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Young fruits pale green with numerous white or pale yellow spots, glaucous and dark purplish when dry, ellipsoid, 4.2 cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide (fide Leonhardt 337; specimens of fruits with Price in Ch. H. 344 are 2.5 × 1 cm. when dry). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001066570 morphology 54C8653F-D09B-4137-87B2-6F815B3BE868 Seeds chestnut, ovoid, trigonous, 1.4 cm. long, 1.1 cm. wide, 6.5 mm. thick, shiny, circumscribed with a rugulose flange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:74140-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Perennial erect herb up to 4 dm. tall, with ± woody basal region and thick fleshy roots; stems woody with annual leafy branches; internodes 0.1–3(–5) cm. long; vegetative parts, peduncles, pedicels, and sepals pubescent, ± covered with short recurved or patent and often gland-tipped hairs and with long patent hairs also present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Leaves opposite to subopposite (almost alternate), or just in a bunch of indistinct phyllotaxy especially on the annual shoots; lamina narrowly lanceolate to ovate, 1–4.5 cm. long, 0.3–2.3 cm. wide, acute to subacute at the apex, margin serrate to crenate, the base cordate to subcordate, tomentose; petiole 1–2 cm. long, densely pubescent with short and long as well as glandular hairs; stipules acicular to spiny, 5–12(–14) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Inflorescence usually of 2 flowers; peduncles 1.5–9 cm. long, leaf-opposed or in the axil of the smaller of the 2 apparently opposite leaves; pedicel (l–)2.5–5(–7) cm. long; bracts 2–6 per pedicel, filiform to linear, 5–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Sepals narrowly oblong to lanceolate, with an acicular 1–5 mm. long apical appendage, 7–12 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Petals obovate, (11–)14–22.5 mm. long, 6–14(–17) mm. wide, truncate at the apex, white, cream or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Stamens yellow; filaments 7–9.5 mm. long, pubescent; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Extrastaminal glands inconspicuous ovate cavities with sometimes only the 2 lateral rims visible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Ovary tomentose; stigmas clavate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Fruit 5.5–10 cm. long; mericarps 12.5–13.5 mm. long, 2–2.6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064088 morphology D2A07FE8-1D55-4350-89B4-0A26092AAD6F Seeds 6–6.5 mm. long, 2–2.4 mm. wide; testa minutely reticulate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374546-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Perennial decumbent (occasionally tufted) herb; stems up to 1.3 m. long, straggling, often reddish to pink, branching, subsucculent, arising from a woody base; internodes up to 13 cm. long; vegetative parts, peduncles and pedicels glandular, ± pubescent to almost glabrous, hairs rather patent or somewhat adpressed on the leaves; glands sessile, glittering-gold; glandular hairs on the red stem parts usually filled with red pigments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Leaves opposite, sometimes alternate towards the stem-base; lamina narrowly ovate to ovate in outline, 1.5–5.5 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. wide, cordate, 3-partite to 3-foliolate (sometimes much dissected, giving several subopposite pairs of pinnae plus the terminal one), with a larger middle section of the leaflet, sometimes only shallowly 3-lobed or pinnatifid to pinnatisect; segments or pinnae somewhat rhombic in outline, almost unlobed to pinnatipartite, the margin crenate, the hairs scattered and often restricted to the margins and veins; petiole 2–8(–12) cm. long; stipules narrowly to broadly ovate, 5–10 mm. long, 2–7 mm. wide, acute to apiculate at the apex, membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Inflorescence a terminal simple umbel of 2–4(–5) flowers or the flowers sometimessolitary; peduncle 5–9(–13) cm. long, leaf-opposed or in the axil of the smaller of the 2 apparently opposite leaves; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bracts 4–8 per node, lanceolate, acute, membranous, 5–8 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Sepals lanceolate, 9–14 mm. long, 1–4 mm. wide, acuminate, glandular and sparsely pubescent, with conspicuous red veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Spur 5–15(–20) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Petals 4, oblanceolate and unguiculate to ± spathulate, pink with red veins, the 2 posterior ones 9–20 mm. long, 3–5.5 mm. wide, generally longer than the anterior ones; the anterior ones 9–15 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Stamens connate at the base for l–2.5(–5) mm.; antheriferous filaments 7, 5–12 (–16) mm. long, white below and pink towards the tip; staminodes 3, 2.5–6.5 mm. long, mostly white throughout; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Ovary with basal part tomentose; rostrum pubescent; style 3–8 mm. long; stigmas 1.5–3 mm. long, pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Fruit 3–4 cm. long; mericarps 5–7 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064458 morphology 7A4E7E45-7123-4C25-9B23-ABA583768055 Seeds 3.5–5 mm. long, 1.5–1.7 mm. wide; testa minutely reticulate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:377214-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Perennial prostrate or ascending delicate herb up to 5 dm. long, rhizomatous; stems rather lax, branching on the upper part, entirely herbaceous; internodes 2–7.5 cm. long, generally 1–2 mm. across (occasionally enlarged up to 5 mm. thick); stems, peduncles and pedicels covered with short glandular hairs intermingled with long scattered spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Leaves opposite and/or alternate, sometimes only in basal rosettes, radical ones ultimately deciduous; lamina reniform, slightly 5–7-lobed, 1–5.5 cm. long, (0.5–)2–9 cm. wide, cordate at the base, membranous, pilose to pubescent especially on the nerves beneath to almost glabrous on the upper surface; lobes deeply crenate-dentate; petiole 1–15.5 cm. long, pubescent with long hairs; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, acuminate, membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Inflorescences of 2–8 flowers, borne alternately along the stem; peduncle 2–10 cm. long, leaf-opposed or in the axil of the 2 apparently opposite leaves; free part of the pedicel 5–15 mm. long; bracts lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, acute, hyaline and ciliate along the margins, membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Sepals lanceolate to ovate, 4–9 mm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, usually coloured like the petals, hyaline on the margin, cuspidate to acuminate, pubescent and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Spur funnel-shaped, 5–18 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Petals 4, 7–15 mm. long, 2–6 mm. wide towards the apex, bright pink or rose-redwith crimson lines, the 2 anterior ones spathulate, the posterior pair oblong-cuneate, all much narrowed towards the base and entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Stamens connate at the base for 1–2.7 mm.; antheriferous filaments 5, 6–10 mm. long; staminodes 5, subulate, 1–3 mm. long, alternating with the antheriferous filaments; anthers 1.5–1.8 mm. long, 0.6–0.8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Ovary with basal part tomentose; stigmas 0.6–0.8 mm. long; style glabrous, 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Fruit 1.5–2.5 cm. long, pilose to pubescent; mericarps 4–5.2 mm. long, 2.4–3.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Seeds oblong-ovoid, 2.2–3 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, glabrous; testa smooth, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064459 morphology 8FCC0DDE-6A80-4569-B29B-76C1D0FA0766 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376237-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Perennial decumbent, straggling or semiprostrate herb up to 7.5 dm. long; rootstock usually tuberous, up to 1.4 cm. in diameter; stems slender, herbaceous, hollow, mostly covered with a deflexed pubescence intermingled with long patent hairs, angled and often swollen at the nodes; internodes sometimes much reduced in length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Leaves may be opposite, sometimes alternate especially the lower ones, frequently in basal rosettes; lamina 3- or 5-partite, hastate in outline, 2.5–12.2 cm. long, 2–10.5 cm. wide, long-haired; petiole 1.5–18 cm. long, covered with short intermingled with long hairs; stipules linear-lanceolate, 5–10(–15) mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide at the base, long-haired on the abaxial surface and along the margins, subglabrous on the inner surface, cuspidate (sometimes bifid) at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Inflorescence of (2–)4–9 flowers; peduncles 6–36 cm. long, mostly leaf-opposed, pubescent with short and long hairs; free part of the pedicel 2–6 mm. long; bracts usually more than the number of the flowers, linear-lanceolate, 5–10 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, covered with few but long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Sepals linear-lanceolate, lorate or narrowly oblong, 6–12 mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, glandular and rather pubescent, ciliate and hyaline along the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Spur 15–35 mm. long, adnate nearly to the base, hispid and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Petals 5, oblong-spathulate, greenish-yellow, creamy-green, pale lemon greenish-white, or just green with purple veining at the base of the posterior petals, the 2 posterior ones 9–16 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, the 3 anterior ones 7–12 mm. long, 3.5–5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Stamens connate at the base for 1–2.5 mm., crimson to purple; antheriferous filaments 7, 2–5 mm. long; staminodes 3, 1–1.8 mm. long; anthers 1.1–1.6 mm. long, 0.6–0.8 mm. wide, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Ovary tomentose (woolly); rostrum indistinct at the flowering stage; style 0.5–1 mm. long; stigmas 1.2–1.6 mm. long, pink-red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Fruit 2.5–5.2 cm. long, at maturity equal or slightly longer than the spur plus pedicel, pubescent; mericarps 6.5–8 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064448 morphology 1268F89D-CBC9-4ADC-A383-42DCDA29568A Seeds 3.9–4.4 mm. long, 1–1.3 mm. wide; testa minutely reticulate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:376844-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Annual decumbent herb; primary stem ± ascending, branched; branches up to 1 m. long, usually slender (not more than 2.2 mm. in diameter), longitudinally grooved, sparsely pubescent and glandular, weak and straggling; internodes 2–6(–10) cm. long; vegetative parts, peduncle and pedicels glandular and pubescent; hairs patent, or somewhat appressed on the leaves; glands short-stalked to sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Leaves mostly opposite (one of every pair at each node usually smaller than the the other), those towards the root occasionally alternate; lamina deltoid to broadly ovate, l.5–4.5(–6) cm. long and wide, subacute to obtuse at the apex, margin crenate, the base cordate, almost unlobed to shallowly 3– or 5(rarely 7)-lobed, membranous, hispid on both surfaces; petiole 0.8–4.8 cm. long; stipules lanceolate to ovate or deltoid, 2–4(–7) mm. long, 1–4 mm. wide, acute, often bifid, membranous, glabrous on both surfaces but ciliate along the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Inflorescence of 2 (rarely 3) flowers or the flowers frequently solitary; peduncle 5–10 mm. long, leaf-opposed or in the axil of the smaller of the 2 apparently opposite leaves; free part of the pedicel 3–12 mm. long; bracts 3–6 per pedicel, lanceolate or narrowly deltoid, 1.5–2 mm. long, 0.5–0.8 mm. wide, acute, membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Sepals narrowly oblong to lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 0.5–2.5 mm. wide, acute, pilose and glandular, usually pinkish in colour. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Spur 1–3 mm. long, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Petals absent or if present (as in Rhodesian specimens) not more than 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Stamens 9 or 10, all connate at the base for 0.5 mm.; antheriferous group 2–3(5), 1.8–2 mm. long; staminodes (5–)7–8, 0.9–1.2 mm. long: anthers as long as wide, 0.3-0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Ovary usually 3–4-locular by abortion, with basal part tomentose; rostrum pubescent; style 0.2 mm. long, hispid to pubescent; stigmas 4 in Flora area, ± 0.5 mm. long, usually twisting around each other. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Fruit 0.7–1.2 cm. long, hispid or pubescent; mericarps 2.8 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Seeds 1.8–2.4 mm. long, 0.8–1.2 mm. wide, glabrous; testa minutely reticulate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0001064460 morphology 879A7885-B62D-41D9-A499-88174F988EDD Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375656-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Evergreen shrub or tree, sometimes somewhat scrambling, (2–)5–10(–18) m. tall; bark greyish-white or creamy-brown, smooth or somewhat rough; young branchlets tomentose with fine ochraceous or ferruginous stellate hairs, older ones glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Leaves alternate; blades elliptic, obovate-elliptic to oblanceolate, (l.2–)5–28 cm. long, 0.8–12 cm. wide, acute to acuminate, cuneate to rounded or rarely subcordate at the base, entire, mostly rather coriaceous, glabrous above, densely persistently stellate tomentose beneath with fine greyish, silvery, yellowish-brown or pale coppery hairs, frequently with scattered darker rusty spots; petiole 0.5–1.8 cm. long; stipules linear, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Inflorescences capitate, axillary or appearing terminal, 0.7–2 cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long; bracteoles filiform, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Flowers sessile, tomentose, sweetly scented (or unpleasantly fide Greenway 8544). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Hermaphrodite flowers: true calyx-tube 1 mm. long, tomentose; limb 2 mm. long, its rounded lobes 1 mm. long, recurved; petals white, greenish-yellow or yellow, 0.9–1.7 cm. long, 1.7–2 mm. wide, revolute, tomentose on outer surface; stamens 5, the filaments obpyramidal, 0.8– 1.2 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide; anthers 1–1.2 mm. long; connective prolonged into an erect beak; styles 1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 ♀ flowers stated to be similar but with petals reduced, 4 mm. long, or even lacking (see introductory note after generic description). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Capsule subglobose, 6–7(–8) mm. long, 5 mm. across, the apical valves conspicuous, pubescent, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0000413901 morphology 03FEABC3-C888-4A97-BC16-F19FFA74D133 Seeds yellowish or greyish, mottled black, smooth, ovoid or ellipsoid, flattened, 5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide; hilar area brownish, 3–4 mm. long situated across the end of the seed; on one side, within this area, there is also a small elliptic patch, the true hilum, 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430783-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Small evergreen tree 6–10.5(–24, fide Ede 2) m. tall; bark purple-brown, rather rough, flaking in oblong patches; young branchlets very densely hairy with rather coarse reddish-brown stellate hairs, older ones glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Leaves opposite; blades elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong, 3–11 cm. long, 0.8–4.2 cm. wide, rather rounded to acute or obtusely acuminate at the apex, truncate to cuneate at the base, not or only minutely peltate (one such leaf observed), entire, the margins sometimes revolute, rather coriaceous, at first thickly covered with rather coarse reddish-brown stellate hairs on both surfaces, soon glabrous above and at length glabrous beneath or retaining only a very few scattered hairs on the midrib and nerves; venation rather prominently reticulate on both surfaces; petiole 0.4–2 cm. long; stipules linear, 5 mm. long, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Inflorescences capitate, axillary and terminal, 2.5–3.5 cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.1–2 cm. long; bracteoles 2.5–3 mm. long, occasionally adnate to the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Flowers sessile, somewhatsunk into the rhachis, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Hermaphrodite flowers: calyx-tube 1 mm. long; limb 5 mm. long, divided into 3 lobes (or sometimes 4 if an additional small one included), erect, 2.5–3 mm. long and wide, stellate tomentose outside, tipped with a hairy appendage; petals 5–6, white, linear, (l.4–)l.8– 1.9 cm. long, (l–)2–3.5 mm. wide, narrowed at the base, not revolute, glabrous; stamens 5–6; filaments oblong, flattened, 1 mm. long; anthers 1.3–1.6 mm. long; connective prolonged into an erect beak; styles 1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 ♀ flowers not seen (see note, p. 2). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Capsule ± 1–1.1 cm. long including the 4 mm. long apical valves, 0.9–1 cm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:12999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0001065275 morphology 18225533-1E65-4C78-B354-4120A135CF45 Seeds creamy to dark brown, ellipsoid or oblong, shiny, 5–6 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430784-1 wfo-0000413899 morphology 5A0ECB6A-C6C3-470A-B93E-165BDBCB89DE Small shrubby tree about 4 m. tall; young branchlets densely tomentose with coarse ferruginous stellate hairs, compressed at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430781-1 wfo-0000413899 morphology 5A0ECB6A-C6C3-470A-B93E-165BDBCB89DE Leaves opposite; blades broadly oblong-lanceolate or elliptic, 8–15 cm. long, 3–6 cm. wide, acuminate, rounded to truncate at the base, slightly to distinctly peltate with the petiole inserted up to 7 mm. above the base, coriaceous, obscurely to distinctly repand-dentate, very densely stellate velvety tomentose with ferruginous hairs on both surfaces when young but soon glabrous above and practically glabrous beneath; petiole 1.5–3 cm. long; stipules linear, 6 mm. long, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430781-1 wfo-0000413899 morphology 5A0ECB6A-C6C3-470A-B93E-165BDBCB89DE Inflorescences capitate, axillary and terminal, 1.5–2.5 cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long or sometimes appearing longer where the first pair of leaves below the inflorescence have failed to develop; bracteoles up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430781-1 wfo-0000413899 morphology 5A0ECB6A-C6C3-470A-B93E-165BDBCB89DE Flowers as in previous species (T. goetzei); ♀ flowers not known (see note, p. 2). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430781-1 wfo-0000413899 morphology 5A0ECB6A-C6C3-470A-B93E-165BDBCB89DE Capsule not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430781-1 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Tree 2–12(–27) m. tall, with grey and yellow, greyish or yellowish-brown smooth or fissured bark, sometimes with pneumatophores as in mangroves; bark on young branches very tough; leaf-scars conspicuous; crown with spreading branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Leaves shortly petiolate; blades obovate-oblong, or usually elliptic, to elongate-oblanceolate, (5–)15–36(–42) cm. long, (2–)6–14(–16) cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, often rounded at the extreme base, glabrous, crenulate; petiole 0.25–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Flowers many in pendulous racemes 20–70(–100) cm. long; pedicels 0.3–1.6(–2.5) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Calyx green, mostly flushed pink or deep purple, splitting into (2–)3–4(–5) lobes, 0.75–1.5 cm. long, 0.5–1.25 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Petals white, often tinged pink outside, elliptic, 1.2–3 cm. long, 0.5–1.5 cm. wide, adnate to the staminal tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Stamens white or pinkish tinged, numerous, in several rows, 2.2–3.7(–5) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Ovary ± globular, (2–)3–4(–6, fide Kirk)-locular; ovules 2–3 in each locule; style red, (2–)3–6.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Fruit ± ellipsoid or conic, round in section or sometimes distinctly angular, 3–7(–9) cm. long, 2–4(–5.5) cm. wide, scarcely glossy, mostly dull and rather rough; endocarp fleshy-fibrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Seed ovoid or subtetragonous, 2–4 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000774962 morphology E34CF7B5-E61B-4F9D-BACD-A57CF67A70F7 Fig. 1/1–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:155081-3 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Small glabrous evergreen tree or large shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Leaves sessile or with very short petiole; blades elliptic to oblong-obovate, 3.5–11.5 cm. long, 1.2–5 cm. wide, rounded, acute or slightly acuminate at the apex, mostly cuneate at the base, coriaceous, the midrib slightly asymmetric, dividing the leaf into unequal parts; lateral nerves fine, very oblique and crowded, rendering the species recognizable at a glance. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Flowers 6–25, often condensed at the tip of a branch; pedicels 0.3–1.2 cm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, 0.3–1.3 cm. long, 1–2 mm. wide; bracteoles lanceolate, 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Receptacle obconic, 7 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, strongly striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Sepals broadly rounded-deltoid to lanceolate, 0.5–1 cm. long, 4–7(–8) mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Stamens numerous, about equalling the sepals; anthers 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Style ± 1.2 cm. long, with terminal branches 1.6–1.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Stamens 3–3.2 mm. long, usually fused together at the very base of the filaments; connective-appendage oblong, entire, slightly shorter and scarcely wider than the anther. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Ovary glabrous to densely pubescent; style 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144567 morphology CA9BAB68-17FE-4F85-8D89-61F9C5834A78 Capsule ± globose, scarcely lobed, rugose, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867393-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Shrub or small tree to 12 m. tall; branches slender, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Leaf-lamina broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, 3.4–12.7 cm. long, 2–6.7 cm. wide, the base subcordate to rounded, the apex usually subobtuse or subacute, sometimes shortly acuminate, glabrous, margin crenate-serrate to serrulate, lateral veins 5–11 pairs, prominent; petiole 7–10 mm. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Inflorescence a rather lax axillary raceme, sometimes branched at the base, with 2–10 flowers generally; flowers erect or spreading, white or pale pink, aromatic; peduncle 11–37 mm. long, sparsely pubescent, puberulous or glabrous; bracts and bracteoles oblong-elliptic, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, ribbed, margin ciliate, soon caducous; pedicels slender, 4–14 mm. long, sparsely pubescent to glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Sepals ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–3 mm. long, ribbed, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Petals elliptic-lan-ceolate, 6–10 mm. long, erect or spreading but only tardily reflexing, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Stamens 5–6 mm. long, the filaments fused together completely to form a tube; connective-appendage lanceolate, entire, decurrent, almost twice as long as the anther; thecal appendages 2, linear-lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Ovary glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Capsule subglobose, 6–9 mm. long, obscurely 3-lobed, glabrous, smooth, reddish when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0001144968 morphology 1295AEE0-324B-401A-9713-B18779454594 Fig. 5/6–10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867191-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Shrub or small tree to 10 m. tall; stems glabrous or pubescent at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Leaf-lamina narrowly elliptic to oblong-elliptic, oblong or oblong-ovate, 2.3–13 cm. long, 1–4.8 cm. wide, the base ± cuneate, subrounded to subcordate, the apex obtuse to acuminate, glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib above and/or beneath, margin serrate-crenate to subentire, lateral veins 5–11 pairs; petiole 1–9 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Inflorescence a simple axillary raceme carrying 1–20 flowers usually, occasionally 2 racemes per node; flowers white or yellowish white, fragrant, erect to nodding; peduncles 2–7 cm. long, brownish, densely pubescent; bracts ovate to ovate-oblong, 0.5–2 mm. long, ribbed, pubescent, persistent; pedicels slender, 4–15 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Sepals ovate to oblong, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, ribbed, pubescent in the middle, margin usually ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Petals lanceolate, 3–6.5 mm. long, acute, strongly reflexed soon after anthesis, glabrous or pubescent in the centre on the exterior, sometimes ciliate towards the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Stamens 2.5–6 mm. long, the short filaments completely fused into a ring with a free ciliate margin; connective-appendage lanceolate, acute, decurrent, ± twice as long as the anther; thecal appendages 2, sometimes solitary, linear-lanceolate, short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Ovary usually pubescent; style 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0000464488 morphology F082F8DC-13D5-4AD0-93B2-48AE4D864A69 Capsule subglobose, 6–9 mm. long, poorly 3-lobed, sparsely to moderately pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867087-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Perennial herb; stems up to 60 cm. long, trailing or straggling through surrounding vegetation, often rooting at the nodes, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Leaf-lamina broadly ovate, (9–)14–40 mm. long, (7–)12–33)mm. wide, generally longer than wide, the base cordate, the apex subobtuse to short acuminate, margin shallowly crenate-dentate, ± pubescent beneath, pubescent mainly between the lateral veins above; petiole 6–32 mm. long, pubescent or ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:38999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Stipules foliaceous, ovate to lanceolate, 4–12 mm. long, laciniate, particularly in the lower half, pubescent or subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Flowers solitary, axillary, whitish, pale blue, purplish, mauve or violet-blue, the lip with darker striations; pedicels slender, (l–)2.8–7.2 cm. long, pubescent to glabrous, with a pair of linear-subulate bracteoles in the upper half, each 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Sepals subequal, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, without basal appendages, generally hirsute along the midrib, sometimes with a ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Petals unequal; upper 2 oblong to obovate, 7–9 mm. long, obtuse; lateral 2 ± oblanceolate, 7–9 mm. long, obtuse; lower petal (lip) elliptic, 5–7 mm. long, subobtuse, with a cylindric spur at the base, 2–4 mm. long, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Stamens ± one-third the length of the lateral petals, with orange or brownish connective appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Styles slightly exserted beyond the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Capsule 6–7 mm. long, smooth, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0001144536 morphology D2062714-482A-44BD-90A5-09934B12F30C Fig. 7/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:867549-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Annual or perennial herb to 60 cm. tall, more rarely subshrubby to 3 m.; stems simple or moderately branched, subglabrous to densely pubescent, often becoming glabrescent, ± terete or ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Leaves sessile to subsessile; lamina linear to linear-lanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 0.5–8 cm. long, 0.1–1.4 cm. wide, the base cuneate, the apex acute to subobtuse, glabrous to densely pubescent, hirsute or scabrid, margin subentire to crenate-serrate or dentate-serrate, lateral veins 4–7 pairs; stipules linear-lanceolate to subulate, 1.5–4 mm. long, margin ciliate usually. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Flowers solitary, axillary, pink, reddish violet, mauve, blue, orange-red, white or bico-loured; pedicels slender, 6–21 mm. long, with a pair of small subulate bracteoles, up to 2 mm. long, in the upper half, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Sepals lanceolate, subequal, 2.5–4 mm. long, acute, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Petals very unequal; upper 2 elliptical, 3–5.5 mm. long, symmetric, acuminate; lateral 2 triangular-oblong, 4–6 mm. long, often rather expanded at the apex and obtuse; lower petal (lip) suborbicular to subcordate, 8–19 mm. long, with a claw exceeding the calyx and including a short obtuse spur. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Stamens much shorter than the lateral petals, the lower 2 with longer filaments which bear pilose spur-appendages; anthers each with a short ovate connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Ovary globose, glabrous; style slightly exceeding the anthers and thickened towards the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Capsule 5–8 mm. long, 3-lobed, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726012 morphology DAF26677-8871-492E-A848-DC167E5C56D8 Seeds ovoid-ellipsoidal, ±1.5 mm. long, longitudinally ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:866640-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Low shrub to 0.8–2 m. tall; stems fairly densely branched, puberulous at first but soon becoming glabrescent and woody, to 5 mm. diameter, the bark rather corky and whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Leaves alternate on the young shoots but in distinct lateral clusters on the older stems, sessile or with a very short petiole up to 0.5 mm. long; lamina oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic-oblanceolate, 1–3.1 cm. long, 0.5–1.3 cm. wide, the base cuneate, the apex subobtuse, scabrid or finely pubescent above, but becoming glabrescent, glabrous beneath, margin serrulate, lateral veins 3–5 pairs; stipules linear-lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. long, ciliate margined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Flowers solitary, axillary, whitish with a bright pink lip; pedicels 18–28 mm. long, puberulous; bracteoles 2, subulate, 1–1.5 mm. long, borne on the upper half of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Sepals linear-lanceolate, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, acute, subequal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Petals very unequal; upper 2 oblong, ±4.5 mm. long, shortly apiculate; lateral 2 ovate-triangular, 5–5.5 mm. long, somewhat broadened at the apex, obtuse; lower petal (lip) suborbicular to broadly oval, 14–20 mm. long, 8–11 mm. wide, abruptly narrowed towards the base into a claw which is slightly longer than the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Stamens ± half the length of the lateral petals; anthers with a broad oval connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Capsule ± 7 mm. long, 3-lobed, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0000726025 morphology 523B1C6A-EC68-448C-A612-C5564DD45089 Fig. 10/3–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897972-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Erect perennial dioecious herb up to 2 m. tall, with little-branched ± quadrangular stems, forming loose clumps from a creeping rhizome; all parts of plant with fiercely stinging hairs 1.5–2 mm. long, raised on protuberances ± 1 mm. high, otherwise glabrous to puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Leaves: stipules fused, interpetiolar, (0.8–)l–2 cm. long, 0.4–1 cm. wide, with rounded apex and broadly cuneate to cordate base, chartaceous, brown; petioles 1.5–4.5 cm. long; lamina ovate, 7–13 cm. long, 6–10.5 cm. wide, base cordate, margin serrate or usually double serrate, with numerous teeth on each side, apex acute to shortly acuminate; lateral nerves 6–9 pairs, lower 2–3 pairs running into subcordate leaf-base, all pairs extending to leaf-margin and linked by a fine net of anastomosing nerves; upper surface with stinging hairs and sometimes also a fine pubescence, cystoliths very numerous, punctiform, lower surface with stinging hairs along the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Inflorescences paired in the axils of the upper leaves, spike-like, 2.5–4.5 cm. long, with the flowers in small, densely cymose, bracted glomerules, sometimes the inflorescence with a few side-branches near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Male flowers on pedicels 0.8–1.5 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, puberulous to pubescent, occasionally with a few stinging hairs, depressed globose in bud. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Female flowers sessile; perianth ± 1 mm. long, pubescent, with numerous stinging hairs on the large pair of tepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Achene flattened, ovoid, ± 1 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, white, long enclosed in the persistent perianth but dispersed without it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0001143650 morphology 7B1C657D-55C6-4FAE-9345-078856D85196 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857726-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Erect, ascending or procumbent annual herb up to 0.5 m. high, sometimes profusely branched from base, monoecious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Stems with stiff hairs when young, later glabrescent; stinging hairs dense to sparse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Leaves: stipules narrowly lanceolate, ±1.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, acute, pubescent; petiole (0.7–)3–5 cm. long, with stinging and stiff hairs; lamina elliptic, 2.5–4.5 cm. long, 1.5–2.8 cm. wide, base cuneate, margin with 9–13 long narrow teeth on each side, the teeth often 3-lobed, especially in the lower half; basal pair of lateral nerves reaching the upper 1/3 of lamina; upper surface with scattered stinging hairs, lower surface with stinging hairs on the nerves, stiff hairs absent or sometimes a few present on young leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Inflorescences dense at first, becoming lax, cylindrical, spike-like, 0.5–2.5 cm. long, 0.3–0.75 cm. wide, bisexual, with male and female flowers mixed, frequently with both stinging and stiff hairs; peduncle short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Male flowers on pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Female flowers on pedicels 0.5–1 mm. long; perianth 1.5–2 mm. long, the 2 large tepals each with a stinging hair; ovary enclosed in the perianth, with only the penicillate stigma protruding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000416948 morphology 52721979-C07A-4F28-AE83-E0745C7B9FA9 Achene laterally compressed, smooth or minutely punctate, pale ochre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857987-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Robust climber to 10 m. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Stems softly woody, up to 10 cm. in diameter at base; bark grey to brownish black, longitudinally striate, glabrous, rarely pubescent, with large leaf scars on young branches but very rarely with protuberances; sap copious, clear; pith wide, spongy, or stems hollow in centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Leaves: stipules brown, fused almost to the apex, 6–10 mm. long, pubescent on the midnerves to subsericeous outside, glabrous inside; petioles 2.5–6 cm. long, glabrous to pubescent, rarely with a few stinging hairs, which are sessile or raised on protuberances up to 0.5 mm. high; lamina coriaceous, elliptic to ovate, rarely obovate, (4–)6–12 cm. long, 3.5–8 cm. wide, base cuneate, truncate or rounded, rarely subcordate, margin entire, apex acuminate to caudate; lateral nerves 2–3(–4) pairs, the basal pair extending into upper 1/3 of lamina, all interconnected by scalariform tertiary nerves; upper surface glabrous, rarely with a few scattered stiff hairs, numerous elongated cystoliths present, lower surface glabrous, occasionally pubescent or with scattered, stiff and perhaps stinging hairs, especially on the lateral nerves, rarely with stinging hairs raised on protuberances up to 0.8 mm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Male inflorescence lax, paniculate, ±6.5 cm. long, with flowers densely clustered at intervals along the axes; peduncle mostly with a few stinging hairs; ♀ inflorescence lax, paniculate, ± 2 cm. long, with small cymose clusters of flowers, peduncle with stinging hairs, especially around the clusters of flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Male flowers on pedicels up to 1 mm. long, 4-merous, glabrous, perianth 1–1.75 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Female flowers sessile; perianth cylindrical, constricted at apex, with 4 blunt but clearly marked teeth, glabrous, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Achene glabrous, 1.5–2 mm. long, without markings, enclosed in the persistent, accrescent, fleshy, orange perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0000415277 morphology 1EA64C9A-2B9F-4EFA-B3C2-AC3C03A577E1 Fig. 2/H–K, p. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943861-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Liana climbing to 3 m. or perhaps more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Stems with reddish brown, often peeling bark, usually with numerous protuberances up to 5 mm. high, crowned by stinging hairs; younger stems densely pubescent to hirtellous, older stems glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Leaves: stipules fused for at least 2/3 of the length, 0.5–1 cm. long, densely pubescent outside, glabrous inside; petiole 2.5–11.5 cm. long, usually pubescent and densely covered by protuberances with stinging hairs; lamina herbaceous, dark green, often drying almost black, with paler underside because of dense indumentum, ovate to elliptic, 7.5–15 cm. long, 5–10.5 cm. wide, base cordate to subcordate or truncate, margin serrate with 25–35 teeth on each side, apex bluntly acute to acuminate; lateral nerves 4–5 pairs, basal pair extending into upper 1/2–1/3; upper surface subscabrous to smooth, glabrous or with a few short, stiff hairs, cystoliths punctiform, rarely somewhat elongated, lower surface with stinging hairs on the nerves and usually densely white-felted between the nerves or on the fine reticulation of the ultimate nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Male inflorescences on 1–2 cm. long peduncles, up to 10 cm. in diameter, paniculate, with glabrescent to pubescent axes; flowers in small clusters at the branching-points and along the axes; ♀ inflorescence sessile or on peduncles up to 2 cm. long, pubescent, up to 5 cm. in diameter, with flowers in clusters surrounded by groups of stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Male flowers on pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long, articulated below perianth, 5-merous, perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Female flowers sessile; perianth tubular, with 4 teeth at apex; ovary enclosed except for penicillate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Achene compressed, ±1.5 mm. long, enclosed in the persistent, red, fleshy, accrescent perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0001143654 morphology 7310F003-87C4-4CBE-8311-3F84A8F75052 Fig. 2/L–N, p. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857057-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Liana climbing to a height of 25 m. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Stems with numerous adventitious roots; bark of young stems reddish-brown, pubescent to glabrescent, without protuberances and stinging hairs but with numerous large leaf-scars; older stems with glabrous, smooth or striate, reddish-brown bark, usually not peeling; sap abundant, clear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Leaves: stipules lanceolate, fused for at least 2/3 of their length, 0.7–1.4 cm. long, 0.3–0.5 cm. wide, caducous, dark brown, puberulous outside, especially on the nerves, often ciliate; petiole 1.5–6.5 cm. long, glabrous to pubescent, very rarely with short protuberances and stinging hairs; lamina dark green, drying brownish black, ovate, 7–16.5 cm. long, 4–11.5(–15) cm. wide, base subcordate to cordate, margin crenate-dentate, with more than 35 crenations on each side, apex acuminate, rarely acute; lateral nerves 5–7 pairs, basal pair extending to upper 1/3 of lamina, tertiary nerves and nerves of higher order clearly marked, parallel, forming a scalariform pattern; upper surface glabrous, occasionally with a few stiff hairs, cystoliths punctiform to slightly elongated, lower surface glabrescent to puberulous, especially on the nerves, rarely with the whole surface pubescent, or with a few stinging hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Male inflorescences sessile or on peduncles up to ± 1 cm. long, lax, irregularly paniculate, up to ± 15 cm. in diameter, axes glabrescent to pubescent, sometimes with a few stinging hairs; ♀ inflorescences sessile or on peduncles up to 2 cm. long, up to ± 8 cm. in diameter, glabrescent to pubescent, occasionally with protuberances 1–3 mm. high, bearing stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Male flowers in clusters up to ± 0.5 cm. in diameter, on minutely pubescent pedicels 1–2.5 mm. long, articulated below the perianth, 4-merous, perianth ± 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Female flowers sessile to subsessile, densely clustered, on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth-segments 4, basally fused, very unequal, 2 outer short, 2 inner subcircular, almost as long as the ovary; stigma penicillate, protruding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Achene 1–1.5 mm. long, compressed, slightly oblique, brown, minutely granulate, enclosed by the 2 orange-red, fleshy, accrescent perianth-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0000416574 morphology 3306CBEB-69BB-48B2-9DA6-7AF54FCA0941 Fig. 2/A–G. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:857019-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Sparsely branched tree, 5–13 m. high, presumably dioecious; trunk 0.2–0.5 m. in diameter at base, with main branching points either near the base or at the top, ultimate branchlets ± 0.8 cm. thick when dry, probably more when fresh, covered with large persistent stipules and stinging hairs; wood soft and with much juice in the thick bark and the wide pith; bark grey or brown, smooth to flaky, with very noticeable leaf-scars on the branches; the whole plant has an appearance not unlike a paw-paw, probably always completely deciduous for part of the year. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Leaves always clustered at the end of the branches; stipules large, ovate to subcircular, 1.5–2.5 cm. long, 1.2–1.8 cm. wide, acute to acuminate, glabrous or ciliate, long-persistent, green but withering brownish; petiole 8–15 cm., pubescent and with many stinging hairs up to 2.5 mm. long; lamina ovate in outline, usually bullate, 15–25 cm. long and wide, palmately lobed or divided, rarely ± entire, with each lobe triangular, unlobed to ± clearly palmately lobed, base deeply cordate, margin (also of the lobes) serrate, apex (also of lobes) acuminate; lateral nerves 5–7 pairs, basal pair reaching the tip of the basal lobes; upper surface with short hairs and scattered stinging hairs, lower surface densely pubescent, and with scattered stinging hairs on the nerves; cystoliths punctiform, visible from above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Inflorescences in the axils of the current leaves, rarely persisting after the leaves have fallen, profusely branched panicles up to ± 20 cm. long, on peduncles up to ± 5 cm. long, pubescent and with numerous stinging hairs, flowers in small clusters at the branching points or scattered along the axes; ♂ and ♀ rather similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Male flowers subsessile; perianth globular, up to ± 2 mm. in diameter, 5-merous, with rudimentary ovary present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Female flowers subsessile, 4-merous, perianth up to ± 0.8 mm. in diameter, compressed; stigma prominent penicillate, the whole flower yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Achene ± 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0001143344 morphology 934F77BA-B307-4A39-A6B5-292572061D83 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854805-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Erect, annual or short-lived perennial, monocarpic herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Stems unbranched or little branched near the top, somewhat lignified, hollow, 1.5–2 m. tall, up to 1 cm. in diameter at base; bark often furrowed, greenish to dark brown, densely beset with stinging hairs 0.7–0.9 cm. long and with short stiff hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Leaves usually fallen from the lower part of the stem at anthesis; stipules linear-lanceolate, fused for at least 4/5 of their length, strigose to pubescent outside, glabrous inside, usually fallen at anthesis; petioles 3–15 cm. long, pubescent to pilose, densely beset with stinging hairs up to 0.6 cm. long; lamina ovate in outline, but varying from undivided to variously lobed or divided, 6–25 cm. long, 3.5–23 cm. wide, base cuneate, truncate, rarely subcordate (and usually only so in much divided leaves), margin in undivided leaves with 20–25 teeth on each side (in lobed or divided leaves with 10–20 teeth on the outer margin of the first lobes), apex (both of entire leaf and of lobes) acute or acuminate, sometimes with a terminal tooth 1–2 cm. long; lateral nerves 5–6 pairs, basal pair in undivided leaves reaching 10th–15th tooth from apex, in lobed or divided leaves ending in the tip of the basal lobes; upper surface with scattered stiff hairs and stinging hairs up to 7 mm. long, cystoliths punctiform, lower surface pubescent on the fine reticulation of nerves and with stinging hairs on the larger nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Inflorescence paniculate, but ♂ and ♀ very different; ♂ on peduncles up to ± 2 cm. long, overall up to 10 cm. long, little branched, with ♂ flowers in dense clusters which may be almost confluent along the axes; ♀ much branched panicles, with the ultimate branches forming dense dichasia, 2–3 cm. long at the time of anthesis, but elongating to 10–15 cm. during ripening of the fruit, densely beset with stinging hairs up to ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Male flowers on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, 5-merous; tepals without subapical appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Female flowers sessile in the bifurcations of the dichasia; perianth ±1.5 mm. long, with 3 almost completely fused tepals, the 4th tepal usually suppressed; ovary enclosed in the perianth; stigma filiform, ± 2 mm. long, protruding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Achene ovoid to orbicular, compressed, ± 3.5 mm. long, smooth, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000703336 morphology 0CC2BFFB-6B57-4AD8-8FD9-87EFBD696D49 Fig. 4, p. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908775-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Robust annual or short-lived perennial herb, up to 1.5 m. high, monoecious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Stems soft, but usually somewhat lignified at base, erect or decumbent, little branched, usually with sparse to dense stinging hairs when young, rarely glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Leaves usually fallen from the lower part of the stem at anthesis; stipules lanceolate, united for more than 1/2 their length, glabrescent, up to 1.5 cm. long; petiole (2.5–)5–12 cm. long, pubescent, usually densely beset with stinging hairs, rarely completely without; lamina ovate, rarely elliptic-ovate, (4–)8–15(–20) cm. long, (2–)4–8(–10) cm. wide, base broadly cuneate to subcordate, margin on each side with 25–35 pointed teeth less than 0.5 cm. long, apex acuminate; lateral nerves 4–6 pairs, basal pair reaching 10th–14th tooth from apex; upper surface with dense or sparse scattered stinging hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface glabrous except for stinging hairs on the nerves, or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Inflorescences loosely branching, unisexual panicles, with up to ± 8 side-branches bearing clusters of flowers; ♀ inflorescences in upper leaf-axils, up to 18 cm. long, on peduncles 4–9 cm. long, often reaching above the leaves, with the individual flower-clusters of a characteristic fan-shaped appearance, usually densely beset with stinging hairs; ♂ inflorescences in axils below the ♀ ones, up to 10 cm. long, on peduncles 0.5–1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Male flowers in clusters 2–3 mm. in diameter, on ± 1.5 mm. long pedicels, perianth 0.5–1 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, usually with stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Female flowers: pedicel ± 1 mm. long, at anthesis with narrow lateral ridges which broaden in fruit to wings up to 1.3 mm. wide, stinging hairs dense to sparse, bristly hairs usually in 2 lines or sometimes evenly distributed; tepals: the 2 lateral ones the largest, the dorsal one somewhat geniculate, becoming more so after anthesis, when the fruit inflexes under the lateral wings of the pedicel; ovary with filiform unbranched stigma up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Achene shortly stipitate, laterally compressed, with centre of flattened sides irregularly rugose, pale brown, margin smooth and black to brown, ± 2 mm. in diameter, dispersed without the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0000445386 morphology 5BD8D331-049D-447C-93EF-DF835CE6884F Fig. 6/E, p. 22 & 7/E, p. 24. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854222-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Annual herb, up to 1 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Stems slightly woody at base, usually somewhat branched, puberulous to pubescent, with scattered stinging hairs up to 1.5 mm. long, sometimes raised on protuberances ± 1 mm. high; bark green to dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Leaves crowded towards the top of the stem; stipules linear, connate 2/3 of their length or more, 3–5 mm. long, with short stiff hairs on the nerves; petiole (3–)5–11 cm. long, pilose to glabrescent, occasionally with a few stinging hairs; lamina ovate, 5–10 cm. long, 3–8 cm. wide, base broadly cuneate, truncate or subcordate, margin serrate, with 12–25(–30) teeth on each side, apex acute to acuminate; lateral nerves 3–6 pairs, basal pair reaching 6th–18th tooth from apex (about halfway to the apex); upper surface with scattered stiff or stinging hairs, cystoliths elongated, lower surface with scattered stiff or stinging hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Inflorescences usually bisexual in the axils of the upper leaves, or in the axils of fallen leaves just above soil-level, single, paniculate, but with very reduced side-branches so the inflorescences appear as interrupted spikes, of an overall length up to 30 cm., often with clusters of flowers from the base, but sometimes with a peduncle up to 10 cm. long, axis glabrous or puberulous, flowers in cymose clusters up to 1 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Male flowers appearing first, on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, with corniculate tepals, sometimes with a few stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Female flowers: pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long, unwinged or slightly dorsally and ventrally winged; tepals: the lateral ones largest, ± 0.8 mm. long, the dorsal one geniculate; ovary with a style of 3 filiform stigmatic branches, the longest up to 0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Achene ± 1.75 mm. long, ovoid, laterally compressed, not stipitate, with a flattened wing-like structure along the edge, and a ridge surrounding the warted central part of each side, dispersed with the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0001143400 morphology A999B8BA-4E3A-42A2-833D-24DC8FF2BCAE Fig. 6/A, p. 22 & 7/A, p. 24. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854275-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Perennial stoloniferous herb, sometimes almost entirely prostrate except for the erect ♂ inflorescences; erect shoots up to 1.25 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Stems somewhat woody at base, pubescent to glabrescent, sometimes with short ± appressed stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Leaves very variable in size and shape, usually restricted to the erect shoots, but sometimes also from the stolons; stipules linear–lanceolate, fused for at least 1/2 their length, up to ± 1 cm. long, with few stiff, perhaps stinging hairs, otherwise glabrous; petiole 5–10 cm. long, glabrous to puberulous, sometimes with a few appressed stinging hairs; lamina ovate, 3.5–10 cm. long, 2–8 cm. wide, base truncate to rounded or very broadly cuneate, margin serrate, on each side with 13–28 teeth less than 0.5 cm. long, apex acuminate, with a terminal tooth up 1 cm. long; lateral nerves 4–7 pairs, basal pair reaching 6th–12th tooth from apex (slightly more than halfway to the apex); upper surface with short, stiff, presumably stinging hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface with stiff, stinging hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Inflorescences unisexual; ♂ inflorescences axillary or directly from the stolons, paniculate, with overall length up to ± 50 cm., usually with all the side-branches reduced to clusters, but occasionally with the lower branch developed, on a peduncle 10–20 cm. long, axes pubescent, somewhat juicy or fleshy, mostly conspicuously pinkish-brown, differing noticeably in colour and texture from the stems; ♀ inflorescences racemes or little branched panicle, up to 5 cm. long, sometimes in the axil of the upper leaves (not seen in material from Flora area), but mostly from stolons, and then usually geocarpic, axes thin, glabrous to puberulous, pinkish-red, up to ± 5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Male flowers in cymose clusters up to 1.5 cm. in diameter, on pedicels up to 3 mm. long; perianth ± 2 mm. in diameter, 5-merous, tepals without appendages, sometimes with a few stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Female flowers usually single or few together, on pedicels 0.5–2.5 mm. long; tepals subequal, up to ± 2 mm. long, the ventral one usually shorter; ovary slightly longer than the tepals; style with 3 branches, the longest up to ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Achene ovoid, laterally compressed, 3–4 mm. long, usually not stipitate and not reflexed, with a flattened wing-like outer zone, and a ridge surrounding a warted central area on each side, dispersed with the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0000445160 morphology B1059A0C-2446-44B1-9C45-D52747C81543 Fig. 6/C, p. 22 & 7/B, p. 24. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854305-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Annual or short-lived perennial herb, monoecious, or dioecious by abortion. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Stems soft, ± erect, decumbent or scrambling, sometimes rooting at lower nodes, up to 1.5 m. long, somewhat woody at the base, unbranched or branched from the base, pubescent to glabrescent, with few to fairly numerous stinging hairs ± 1 mm. long, sometimes raised on protuberances 0.5–1 mm. high; bark greenish to brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Leaves restricted to upper part of stem at anthesis; stipules linear-lanceolate, 4–10 mm. long, connate for about half their length, glabrous except for some stiff hairs on nerves; petiole 1–8(–11) cm. long, glabrous to puberulous, sometimes with stinging hairs (occasionally raised on short slender protuberances); lamina lanceolate to ovate, (2–)4–10 cm. long, (l–)2.5–7 cm. wide, base broadly cuneate to subcordate, margin serrate, on each side with (5(outside Flora area)–) 15–25 teeth shorter than 0.5 cm., apex acuminate, with apical tooth ± 0.8 mm. long; lateral nerves 5–8 pairs, basal pair reaching 6th–8th tooth from apex; upper surface with scattered, rather short stinging hairs, cystoliths punctiform, minute, lower surface with scattered stiff, probably stinging hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Inflorescence unisexual, paniculate, single and usually restricted to the upper leaf-axils, sometimes reduced to an axis dichotomously branching once, with a few flowers on each branch, but mostly with many flowers in small cymose clusters; axes glabrescent or with a few stinging hairs; male inflorescences in lower axils, on peduncles 1–3 cm. long, overall 3.5–9 cm. long, often with 2 or more glomerules of equal size terminating the branches; female inflorescences in upper axils, usually repeatedly dichotomously branched, or with 1 branch overtopping the other, sessile or on peduncles, up to 2 cm. long, overall 3–6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Male flowers in ± dense cymose clusters up to ± 1 cm. in diameter; pedicel 1–2 mm. long, with a narrow dorsiventral wing; perianth 1.5–2 mm. in diameter, (4–)5-merous; tepals with a dorsal, longitudinal crest and sometimes a few stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Female flowers in ± dense cymose clusters up to 0.6 cm. in diameter; pedicel ± 0.5 mm. long, with a narrow dorsiventral wing; tepals: the lateral ones ± 0.8 mm. long, the dorsal one not geniculate, about as long as the lateral ones, the ventral one shorter; ovary with linear stigma, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-4000015439 morphology 31A002A5-23ED-485F-9AE0-E1BD8C75A84B Leaves alternate or distally subopposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9032-1 wfo-4000015439 morphology 31A002A5-23ED-485F-9AE0-E1BD8C75A84B Capitula heterogamous, radiate (in ours) or disciform, sessile or shortly pedunculate, solitary or aggregated; phyllaries 3–7-seriate; receptacle with paleae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9032-1 wfo-4000015439 morphology 31A002A5-23ED-485F-9AE0-E1BD8C75A84B Ray florets present and 1-seriate, 3-lobed or absent; disc florets hermaphrodite, anthers sagittate, style branches flattened, obtuse to subacute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9032-1 wfo-4000015439 morphology 31A002A5-23ED-485F-9AE0-E1BD8C75A84B Achenes pilose; pappus of large scales in 2 rows. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9032-1 wfo-4000002189 morphology CBD81D66-ADB1-4C97-A921-9A4CCAFEB61E Herbs, annual or perennial, usually with scattered golden glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7640-1 wfo-4000002189 morphology CBD81D66-ADB1-4C97-A921-9A4CCAFEB61E Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7640-1 wfo-4000002189 morphology CBD81D66-ADB1-4C97-A921-9A4CCAFEB61E Capitula heterogamous, radiate, usually in dense terminal corymbs; phyllaries in 3–5 rows; receptacle paleate, with folded paleae clasping the disc florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7640-1 wfo-4000002189 morphology CBD81D66-ADB1-4C97-A921-9A4CCAFEB61E Ray florets yellow, the rays 3–4-toothed, and often with 1–5 minute filamentous staminodes in the throat; disc florets yellow, anthers caudate at base, apex with lanceolate appendage, style with obtuse, somewhat flattened arms urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7640-1 wfo-4000002189 morphology CBD81D66-ADB1-4C97-A921-9A4CCAFEB61E Achenes ellipsoid, often ribbed; pappus of short scales or sometimes absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7640-1 wfo-4000026089 morphology 8BFCF9B9-1D71-468B-8CAC-09BAB3F5D4A4 Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10201-1 wfo-4000026089 morphology 8BFCF9B9-1D71-468B-8CAC-09BAB3F5D4A4 Leaves alternate, sessile, entire to dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10201-1 wfo-4000026089 morphology 8BFCF9B9-1D71-468B-8CAC-09BAB3F5D4A4 Capitula terminal, solitary or in few-headed panicles, disciform; phyllaries narrow, in 3–7 series, the outermost shortest, the innermost often scarious; receptacle flat, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10201-1 wfo-4000026089 morphology 8BFCF9B9-1D71-468B-8CAC-09BAB3F5D4A4 Outer florets many, female, filiform, distally toothed or lobed; central florets hermaphrodite, with 5 hairy or glandular lobes; anthers tailed proximally, appendiculate distally; style shortly bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10201-1 wfo-4000026089 morphology 8BFCF9B9-1D71-468B-8CAC-09BAB3F5D4A4 Achenes cylindrical; pappus 1-seriate, of few barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10201-1 wfo-4000020443 morphology 929B87DC-48FC-4D2F-B167-D44BCEF06DD9 Annual or perennial herbs with resin canals; stems winged by the decurrent leaf bases urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9629-1 wfo-4000020443 morphology 929B87DC-48FC-4D2F-B167-D44BCEF06DD9 Leaves alternate, with long-decurrent base and dentate margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9629-1 wfo-4000020443 morphology 929B87DC-48FC-4D2F-B167-D44BCEF06DD9 Capitula disciform, terminal, few to many together in a large, loose inflorescence; phyllaries in several series, narrow, often rigid with the outer ones recurved; receptacle flat, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9629-1 wfo-4000020443 morphology 929B87DC-48FC-4D2F-B167-D44BCEF06DD9 Outer florets many, female, filiform, with linear style branches; central florets hermaphrodite, with 5 lobes; anthers at the base obtuse or subacute but without tails, and with an apical appendage; style branches linear and papillose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9629-1 wfo-4000020443 morphology 929B87DC-48FC-4D2F-B167-D44BCEF06DD9 Achenes cylindrical, pubescent; pappus of free, barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9629-1 wfo-4000030417 morphology F85CCC1B-BEA3-4215-90B7-57ED1990C47B Shrubs or herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329790-2 wfo-4000030417 morphology F85CCC1B-BEA3-4215-90B7-57ED1990C47B Leaves alternate (rarely opposite), (sub-)sessile, generally not decurrent, dentate or less often with entire margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329790-2 wfo-4000030417 morphology F85CCC1B-BEA3-4215-90B7-57ED1990C47B Capitula solitary or in terminal corymbs, disciform; phyllaries in several series, imbricate, the outer ovate, the inner linear; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329790-2 wfo-4000030417 morphology F85CCC1B-BEA3-4215-90B7-57ED1990C47B Outer florets in 1 or several series, female, filiform, with 3–5 minute lobes distally, style with filiform branches; central florets few, hermaphrodite, fertile or sterile, tube slightly widening, lobes 5; anthers sagittate to auriculate and distally acuminate; style entire or almost undivided (occasionally divided), filiform, papillose or puberulous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329790-2 wfo-4000030417 morphology F85CCC1B-BEA3-4215-90B7-57ED1990C47B Achenes often vestigial in inner florets, cylindrical; pappus uniseriate, of free barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329790-2 wfo-4000039286 morphology CE88D2BC-5C25-4A15-8EB3-2D833A3F00E5 Woody herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11385-1 wfo-4000039286 morphology CE88D2BC-5C25-4A15-8EB3-2D833A3F00E5 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11385-1 wfo-4000039286 morphology CE88D2BC-5C25-4A15-8EB3-2D833A3F00E5 Capitula heterogamous, disciform; florets few per head, the heads combined in dense subglobose cymes; cymes organized in fairly dense corymbs; corymbs terminal on densely leafy branches, briefly stalked; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11385-1 wfo-4000039286 morphology CE88D2BC-5C25-4A15-8EB3-2D833A3F00E5 Florets few per capitulum; outer or female florets with the filiform tube unequally 4–5-lobed, the lobes minute, style with filiform branches; inner or hermaphrodite florets hardly widening, 5-lobed, anthers briefly tailed, with a short distal appendage, style with closely parallel branches, densely papillose over its upper half urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11385-1 wfo-4000039286 morphology CE88D2BC-5C25-4A15-8EB3-2D833A3F00E5 Achenes oblong, pilose; pappus absent or of a few minute hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11385-1 wfo-4000011128 morphology 063571D1-7E4E-476B-B946-B4FF9564A332 Stoloniferous herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8564-1 wfo-4000011128 morphology 063571D1-7E4E-476B-B946-B4FF9564A332 Leaves alternate, sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8564-1 wfo-4000011128 morphology 063571D1-7E4E-476B-B946-B4FF9564A332 Capitula disciform, few together in terminal loose corymbs; phyllaries numerous, biseriate, the outer with scarious margins, the inner membranous; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8564-1 wfo-4000011128 morphology 063571D1-7E4E-476B-B946-B4FF9564A332 Outer florets in one (?several) rows, female, the tube filiform, two-lobed distally; the style with truncate branches with hairs distally; inner florets in several series, 5-lobed; anthers shortly tailed, with an acuminate distal appendage, with a vestigial achene urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8564-1 wfo-4000011128 morphology 063571D1-7E4E-476B-B946-B4FF9564A332 Achenes of outer florets cylindric, sparsely hairy, those of inner florets vestigial; pappus absent (in outer florets) or of 1 long seta broadening into a fimbriate or plumose apex in the inner florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8564-1 wfo-4000010998 morphology D94F1285-2AB0-4A66-BB6B-5E443A0BA8AF Procumbent herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8553-1 wfo-4000010998 morphology D94F1285-2AB0-4A66-BB6B-5E443A0BA8AF Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8553-1 wfo-4000010998 morphology D94F1285-2AB0-4A66-BB6B-5E443A0BA8AF Capitula solitary, subsessile, (sub)terminal, disciform; phyllaries in few series, hard, squarrose, the inner longer and narrower; receptacle flat, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8553-1 wfo-4000010998 morphology D94F1285-2AB0-4A66-BB6B-5E443A0BA8AF Outer florets 2–3-seriate, female, with gradually narrowing tube and 2–3 minute lobes; inner florets hermaphrodite, 5-lobed; anthers briefly tailed, style papillose with short filiform branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8553-1 wfo-4000010998 morphology D94F1285-2AB0-4A66-BB6B-5E443A0BA8AF Achenes ellipsoid, compressed, pilose; pappus of few bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8553-1 wfo-4000021997 morphology B81F039F-B276-4276-808A-D8CA5A414235 Herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9853-1 wfo-4000021997 morphology B81F039F-B276-4276-808A-D8CA5A414235 Leaves alternate or subopposite, dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9853-1 wfo-4000021997 morphology B81F039F-B276-4276-808A-D8CA5A414235 Capitula solitary or few together in terminal clusters, disciform; receptacle slightly cup-shaped, the outer florets inserted on the rim, the inner lower down urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9853-1 wfo-4000021997 morphology B81F039F-B276-4276-808A-D8CA5A414235 Outer florets female, filiform, 2–3-dentate; inner florets hermaphrodite, many, 3–5-lobed, anthers minutely tailed; style undivided or with a minute notch, slightly capitate, with tubercle-based hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9853-1 wfo-4000021997 morphology B81F039F-B276-4276-808A-D8CA5A414235 Achenes cylindrical, 5–10-ribbed, glandular or sparsely hairy; pappus absent or present in the inner florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9853-1 wfo-4000021997 distribution B81F039F-B276-4276-808A-D8CA5A414235 Fourteen species in Australia, Asia, Africa and the Americas. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9853-1 wfo-4000035953 morphology 578BFC5D-F4AA-43C3-A468-97C34071BD4F Annual or perennial herbs, usually in moist sites; stems and branches usually with narrow wings urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11077-1 wfo-4000035953 morphology 578BFC5D-F4AA-43C3-A468-97C34071BD4F Leaves usually glandular and aromatic, alternate (opposite in S. oppositifolius), usually with decurrent bases urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11077-1 wfo-4000035953 morphology 578BFC5D-F4AA-43C3-A468-97C34071BD4F Capitula congested in dense (sub)globose or ellipsoid secondary heads (the glomerule), disciform, usually few-flowered; receptacle of the glomerule convex; glomerules mauve or purple, solitary and terminal but often overtopped by lateral branches, subtended by sub-glabrous bracts which are visible or hidden by the capitula; individual capitula usually sessile, subtended by 2–10 (rarely more) usually scarious bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11077-1 wfo-4000035953 morphology 578BFC5D-F4AA-43C3-A468-97C34071BD4F Outer florets female,filiform, becoming corky basally when achene matures, minutely 3-lobed; central florets hermaphrodite, tube cylindric, lobes 5; anthers sagittate with very short tails and a small ovate distal appendage; style undivided or minutely bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11077-1 wfo-4000035953 morphology 578BFC5D-F4AA-43C3-A468-97C34071BD4F Achenes small, fertile in outer florets, often vestigial or sterile in the inner florets, often hairy with bifid hairs; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11077-1 wfo-4000025725 morphology 94299EE6-986E-4EEE-B5D4-FE187ABFE028 Annual or biennial herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10186-1 wfo-4000025725 morphology 94299EE6-986E-4EEE-B5D4-FE187ABFE028 Leaves alternate, small, woolly-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10186-1 wfo-4000025725 morphology 94299EE6-986E-4EEE-B5D4-FE187ABFE028 Capitula small, aggregated in dense terminal glomerules, disciform; receptacle paleate, with linear, laciniate paleae; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, the innermost longest urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10186-1 wfo-4000025725 morphology 94299EE6-986E-4EEE-B5D4-FE187ABFE028 Outer florets in several series, female, filiform; inner florets few, hermaphrodite; anthers sagittate, with acuminate apices; style bifid with short obtuse arms urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10186-1 wfo-4000025725 morphology 94299EE6-986E-4EEE-B5D4-FE187ABFE028 Achenes laterally compressed; pappus of free barbellate bristles, 1-seriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10186-1 wfo-4000003147 morphology CB64FDCB-15F8-4E95-BDE7-8F4C4BA2EB61 Annual herb, glandular and aromatic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297010-2 wfo-4000003147 morphology CB64FDCB-15F8-4E95-BDE7-8F4C4BA2EB61 Leaves alternate, sessile, woolly urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297010-2 wfo-4000003147 morphology CB64FDCB-15F8-4E95-BDE7-8F4C4BA2EB61 Capitula very small, disciform, few together in small axillary glomerules and surrounded by long woolly hairs; receptacle convex, epaleate; phyllaries 2-seriate, subequal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297010-2 wfo-4000003147 morphology CB64FDCB-15F8-4E95-BDE7-8F4C4BA2EB61 Outer florets in several rows, female, filiform; inner florets few, hermaphrodite, anther bases caudate, style branches truncate with apical hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297010-2 wfo-4000003147 morphology CB64FDCB-15F8-4E95-BDE7-8F4C4BA2EB61 Achenes glandular-hairy; pappus of outer florets a minute corona of scales, sometimes with inner setae as well; of inner florets with an outer row of narrow, fused scales and an inner row of few barbellate setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:297010-2 wfo-4000015882 morphology 58F4059D-E15D-43F4-B63B-5A59CBDABD98 Perennial or annual herbs, woolly in most parts; stems weak urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325908-2 wfo-4000015882 morphology 58F4059D-E15D-43F4-B63B-5A59CBDABD98 Leaves alternate, mostly narrow, margins flat, eglandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325908-2 wfo-4000015882 morphology 58F4059D-E15D-43F4-B63B-5A59CBDABD98 Capitula terminal or in terminal racemes, disciform, few together, sometimes surrounded by a whorl of leaves; stalks of individual capitula usually absent; phyllaries in few series, brownish, flat, stereome undivided or with a few streaks, distal part of lamina (at least in inner series) opaque or pellucid; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325908-2 wfo-4000015882 morphology 58F4059D-E15D-43F4-B63B-5A59CBDABD98 Outer florets yellow or cream, female; inner florets hermaphrodite, fewer than the outer, yellow (rarely mauve), lobes hairy, style branches truncate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325908-2 wfo-4000015882 morphology 58F4059D-E15D-43F4-B63B-5A59CBDABD98 Achenes glabrous or hairy, not mucilaginous; pappus of barbellate bristles in 1 row, coherent by the basal cilia, caducous with the floret. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325908-2 wfo-4000031527 morphology FC3ECD65-FDE2-4E6C-AA6D-DC17E605DA67 Perennial, annual or biennual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:290947-2 wfo-4000031527 morphology FC3ECD65-FDE2-4E6C-AA6D-DC17E605DA67 Leaves alternate, woolly or glandular, often discolorous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:290947-2 wfo-4000031527 morphology FC3ECD65-FDE2-4E6C-AA6D-DC17E605DA67 Capitula disciform, in small loose terminal corymbs; receptacle smooth or honeycombed, epaleate; phyllaries in 3–4 rows, subequal, papery and glossy, yellowish to white to brownish, often with a central unthickened area, stereome usually divided urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:290947-2 wfo-4000031527 morphology FC3ECD65-FDE2-4E6C-AA6D-DC17E605DA67 Outer florets yellow, female, filiform; inner florets hermaphrodite, fewer than the outer, yellow, lobes glandular, anthers short-tailed, style branches truncate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:290947-2 wfo-4000031527 morphology FC3ECD65-FDE2-4E6C-AA6D-DC17E605DA67 Achenes usually glabrous, with mucilaginous hairs; pappus of barbellate bristles, basally with patent cilia. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:290947-2 wfo-4000015275 morphology 78559BF1-FC7B-410B-A910-573C7C0D19AB Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330075-2 wfo-4000015275 morphology 78559BF1-FC7B-410B-A910-573C7C0D19AB Leaves alternate, sessile, tomentose, eglandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330075-2 wfo-4000015275 morphology 78559BF1-FC7B-410B-A910-573C7C0D19AB Capitula disciform, in clusters or racemes; receptacle flat, epaleate; phyllaries with undivided stereome and transparent, brownish lamina urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330075-2 wfo-4000015275 morphology 78559BF1-FC7B-410B-A910-573C7C0D19AB Outer florets female, filiform, many; inner florets fewer, hermaphrodite, purple, anthers short caudate, style branches truncate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330075-2 wfo-4000015275 morphology 78559BF1-FC7B-410B-A910-573C7C0D19AB Achenes with mucilaginous hairs; pappus uniseriate, of barbellate bristles connate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330075-2 wfo-4000017214 morphology 6569B5C7-C881-4EE0-91DF-755A228BBC9D Perennial or annual herbs, sometimes shrublets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331648-2 wfo-4000017214 morphology 6569B5C7-C881-4EE0-91DF-755A228BBC9D Leaves alternate, often hairy, usually with flat, entire margin urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331648-2 wfo-4000017214 morphology 6569B5C7-C881-4EE0-91DF-755A228BBC9D Capitula disciform, in terminal corymbs or solitary; receptacle flat, usually epaleate; phyllaries in several to many series, papery, brown, yellow, pink or white, with divided stereome urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331648-2 wfo-4000017214 morphology 6569B5C7-C881-4EE0-91DF-755A228BBC9D Outer florets female, yellow, filiform, in 1–several rows, with 3–4 lobes; inner florets usually more numerous than the outer ones, hermaphrodite, yellow, lobes 5, erect, anthers tailed and with a flat apical appendage, style with truncate branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331648-2 wfo-4000017214 morphology 6569B5C7-C881-4EE0-91DF-755A228BBC9D Achenes small, oblong, sparsely hairy with short, clavate mucilaginous hairs, or with long normal hairs, or glabrous; pappus of barbellate to subplumose bristles, 1-seriate, free or basally slightly connate with cilia, caducous in groups or individually. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331648-2 wfo-4000036758 morphology D0A38826-236C-405A-B47F-EE4102736D80 Shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11170-1 wfo-4000036758 morphology D0A38826-236C-405A-B47F-EE4102736D80 Leaves alternate, sessile, small, ericoid, involute, often fasciculate on abbreviated axillary shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11170-1 wfo-4000036758 morphology D0A38826-236C-405A-B47F-EE4102736D80 Capitula small, homogamous, discoid, narrowly cylindric, 1-flowered, in dense clusters or spikes; phyllaries ± 4-seriate, the innermost scarious and longer than the outer; receptacle small, naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11170-1 wfo-4000036758 morphology D0A38826-236C-405A-B47F-EE4102736D80 Florets hermaphrodite, narrowly infundibuliform, slightly 5-toothed; anthers sagittate, distal appendage lanceolate; style arms truncate and often penicillate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11170-1 wfo-4000036758 morphology D0A38826-236C-405A-B47F-EE4102736D80 Achenes glabrous, often 5-ribbed, with a cupuliform apical appendage; pappus of plumose bristles, basally connate or rarely missing. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11170-1 wfo-4000003558 morphology D1466DBD-1BED-4A12-8FB6-C17FDC9DDE83 Perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7791-1 wfo-4000003558 morphology D1466DBD-1BED-4A12-8FB6-C17FDC9DDE83 Leaves alternate, sessile, with revolute margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7791-1 wfo-4000003558 morphology D1466DBD-1BED-4A12-8FB6-C17FDC9DDE83 Capitula heterogamous, radiate, solitary or few together; phyllaries multiseriate, the outermost recurved; receptacle flat, naked urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7791-1 wfo-4000003558 morphology D1466DBD-1BED-4A12-8FB6-C17FDC9DDE83 Florets: ray florets purple to white, 1-seriate, often with staminodes; disc florets yellow, 5-lobed, anthers sagittate, style branches obtuse, dorsally with hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7791-1 wfo-4000003558 morphology D1466DBD-1BED-4A12-8FB6-C17FDC9DDE83 Achenes oblong, sparsely hairy; pappus of barbellate bristles in two rows. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7791-1 wfo-4000011448 morphology 7EC5BE45-BF39-4D67-94AE-145A28DA7C56 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8596-1 wfo-4000011448 morphology 7EC5BE45-BF39-4D67-94AE-145A28DA7C56 Leaves alternate, with subauriculate base, oblong-obovate to spatulate, pinnatifid to entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8596-1 wfo-4000011448 morphology 7EC5BE45-BF39-4D67-94AE-145A28DA7C56 Capitula in lax corymbs or panicles, disciform; phyllaries 2–3-seriate; receptacle ± swollen, domed, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8596-1 wfo-4000011448 morphology 7EC5BE45-BF39-4D67-94AE-145A28DA7C56 Outer florets in many rows, female, fertile, tubular, 2–3(–4)-toothed, sparsely glandular; central florets fewer than the marginal ones, hermaphrodite, 4–5-lobed; anthers obtuse at the base, at the apex with an obtuse, triangular appendage; style-branches with sterile lanceolate appendages longer than the receptive part urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8596-1 wfo-4000011448 morphology 7EC5BE45-BF39-4D67-94AE-145A28DA7C56 Achenes obovoid, slightly compressed, glabrous, glandular near base and apex; pappus absent or of few caducous bristles or a small rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8596-1 wfo-4000016171 morphology F7709789-F3B6-417E-8137-2AD265AAA1E4 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9107-1 wfo-4000016171 morphology F7709789-F3B6-417E-8137-2AD265AAA1E4 Leaves alternate, sessile, entire or lyrate-pinnatifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9107-1 wfo-4000016171 morphology F7709789-F3B6-417E-8137-2AD265AAA1E4 Capitula disciform, in corymbose inflorescences; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, subequal, the innermost smallest; receptacle convex, tuberculate, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9107-1 wfo-4000016171 morphology F7709789-F3B6-417E-8137-2AD265AAA1E4 Female florets in 3 rows, tubular with 3–4 minute teeth, yellowish; inner florets hermaphrodite, yellow, tube infundibuliform; anthers with short triangular appendages; style-branches with short triangular appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9107-1 wfo-4000016171 morphology F7709789-F3B6-417E-8137-2AD265AAA1E4 Achenes ellipsoid-oblong, hairy; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9107-1 wfo-4000024935 morphology 506C0645-D2C2-4239-AA41-12B8836C8DCA Annual herbs, the whole plant densely glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008126-1 wfo-4000024935 morphology 506C0645-D2C2-4239-AA41-12B8836C8DCA Leaves alternate, entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008126-1 wfo-4000024935 morphology 506C0645-D2C2-4239-AA41-12B8836C8DCA Capitula terminal, laxly corymbose, heterogamous but seemingly disciform; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, subequal; receptacle convex or toroid, minutely toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008126-1 wfo-4000024935 morphology 506C0645-D2C2-4239-AA41-12B8836C8DCA Outer florets in 1–2 series, female, narrowly cylindric, with a small hooded erect ray and briefly bifid, hardly exserted style; inner florets many, hermaphrodite, 5-lobed; anthers obtuse at base and with a small triangular terminal appendage; style briefly bifid with short, parallel arms ending in slightly widened triangular appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008126-1 wfo-4000024935 morphology 506C0645-D2C2-4239-AA41-12B8836C8DCA Achenes compressed, pilose; pappus represented by a minutely dentate ring. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008126-1 wfo-4000016148 morphology 636AA5C5-9C00-4280-9CC5-FB2AD278A8ED Annual or perennial, often prostrate herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9102-1 wfo-4000016148 morphology 636AA5C5-9C00-4280-9CC5-FB2AD278A8ED Leaves alternate, pinnatifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9102-1 wfo-4000016148 morphology 636AA5C5-9C00-4280-9CC5-FB2AD278A8ED Capitula terminal or leaf-opposed, solitary or laxly corymbose, globose, disciform; phyllaries 1–3-seriate, subequal, the inner with membranous margins; receptacle hemispheric or conical, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9102-1 wfo-4000016148 morphology 636AA5C5-9C00-4280-9CC5-FB2AD278A8ED Outer florets in 1-several rows, female, narrowly tubular, 2–4-dentate; central florets very many, hermaphrodite, 4–5-lobed; anther bases obtuse; style-branches with short triangular appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9102-1 wfo-4000016148 morphology 636AA5C5-9C00-4280-9CC5-FB2AD278A8ED Achenes slightly compressed, pubescent; pappus of a few basally connate scaly bristles, a corona, or rarely absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9102-1 wfo-4000003381 morphology A18EEB11-44D4-4730-8A94-04DBACC8CB0B Herbs with tuberous roots or woody rhizomes, rarely annual herbs or small shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331068-2 wfo-4000003381 morphology A18EEB11-44D4-4730-8A94-04DBACC8CB0B Leaves alternate, entire or dentate-pinnatifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331068-2 wfo-4000003381 morphology A18EEB11-44D4-4730-8A94-04DBACC8CB0B Capitula heterogamous, usually radiate, few–many-flowered, solitary or in corymbs; phyllaries 3–4(–5)-seriate, imbricate, the outer shorter than the inner urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331068-2 wfo-4000003381 morphology A18EEB11-44D4-4730-8A94-04DBACC8CB0B Ray florets female, usually 1-seriate, sometimes with staminodes; central flowers hermaphrodite, tubular, 5-lobed, anthers linear, obtuse at the base, with a lanceolate appendage at the apex, style bifid with linear branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331068-2 wfo-4000003381 morphology A18EEB11-44D4-4730-8A94-04DBACC8CB0B Achenes ellipsoid or obovoid, slightly compressed, pubescent and glandular; pappus of many usually unequal bristles, rarely double with an outer row of scale-like bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331068-2 wfo-4000014651 morphology D59C108A-15FF-4B52-98EC-3BBA51EED269 Small shrubs or annual herbs, often with resin channels urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329383-2 wfo-4000014651 morphology D59C108A-15FF-4B52-98EC-3BBA51EED269 Leaves alternate, less often partially opposite or rosulate, sometimes fascicled, usually entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329383-2 wfo-4000014651 morphology D59C108A-15FF-4B52-98EC-3BBA51EED269 Capitula usually terminal, on distinct peduncles, radiate; involucre semi-orbicular or cylindric, with the bracts 3–4-seriate, imbricate, unequal with the outer bracts smaller than the inner ones; receptacle flat to convex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329383-2 wfo-4000014651 morphology D59C108A-15FF-4B52-98EC-3BBA51EED269 Ray florets female; disc florets hermaphrodite, narrowly campanulate, 5-lobed; style-branches with triangular appendages; anthers with obtuse bases and obtusely triangular distal appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329383-2 wfo-4000014651 morphology D59C108A-15FF-4B52-98EC-3BBA51EED269 Achenes obovoid, flattened, with lateral ribs, often hairy, without glands, bright brown to black, with smooth or scaly epidermis; pappus of numerous hairs or bristles, uniseriate, usually equal, dentate to barbellate, persistent or deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329383-2 wfo-4000019548 morphology D0A7E1BE-6060-481E-A406-2D5476760E4A Herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9545-1 wfo-4000019548 morphology D0A7E1BE-6060-481E-A406-2D5476760E4A Leaves proximally opposite, distally alternate, linear urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9545-1 wfo-4000019548 morphology D0A7E1BE-6060-481E-A406-2D5476760E4A Capitula terminal, solitary, heterogamous and radiate; receptacle flat to conical, epaleate; phyllaries 1–2-seriate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9545-1 wfo-4000019548 morphology D0A7E1BE-6060-481E-A406-2D5476760E4A Ray florets 1-seriate, female; disc florets numerous, hermaphrodite, proximally cylindrical, more distally campanulate and with 5 teeth; anthers 5, obtuse at the base, with triangular appendages at the apex; style-branches flattened, with narrowed and linear appendages, minutely puberulous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9545-1 wfo-4000019548 morphology D0A7E1BE-6060-481E-A406-2D5476760E4A Achenes ellipsoid, slightly compressed, smooth and glabrous but for slightly ribbed margins; pappus absent or a minute annular rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9545-1 wfo-0000523870 morphology 345F5FA0-0726-44BF-AA37-FC4AD7E1B3FC Fig. 10/19–23 (p. 47). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969294-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Well-branched shrub with relatively short lateral branches; branchlets compressed at first with scurfy puberulence only on first 1–2 internodes, soon terete, brown turning grey, fissured and prominently lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Leaves opposite to subopposite; petiole 5–12 mm. long; lamina dull green, thinly coriaceous, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 4–12 cm. long, 1–3.5 cm. wide, pointed at the apex, glabrous, with up to 8 pairs of main lateral nerves, lower ones strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Umbels 6–8-flowered; peduncle 2–3 mm. long, puberulous; pedicels 4–5 mm. long, puberulous; bract-limb ovate-triangular, pointed to truncate, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, glabrous to scurfy puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Calyx 0.5 mm. long, broadly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Corolla 3.5–3.8 cm. long, deep orange to pinkish red or fiery red, yellow around vents, darker red-brown at tip, subglabrous with minute scurfy puberulence on the lobe-tips and ± some small hairs on the tube; apex of buds oblong, subacute, 3–4 mm. long, 2 mm. in diameter; basal swelling ovoid-globular, 3.5–5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter, narrowly constricted for 3–4 mm. above; lobes erect, 6–8 mm. long, the upper hardened part linear-lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, hardened inside, rounded outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Stamens inflexed; tooth minute; anthers 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Style with a neck 1.5–2.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523839 morphology 98B33A2B-4A57-473D-A8B1-C245C1FCCAD3 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969274-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Shrub to 1 m., flowering mostly on relatively short lateral branches; branchlets glabrous to minutely puberulous with short stiff spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Leaves mostly subopposite, but smaller, more obovate and more crowded at the base of lateral shoots; petiole 8–15 mm. long; lamina lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, 5–10 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, acute or obtuse at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, glabrous, with 6–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones sometimes strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Umbels 6–8-flowered; peduncle 3–6 mm. long, puberulous; pedicels 2–5 mm. long, puberulous; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 1.5–2 mm. long, pointed or truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, thinly puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long, broadly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Corolla 3.5–3.8 cm. long, tube red, lobes yellow with purple-brown tips, puberulous on head of bud (lobes), sparsely hairy on tube (the longest hairs on the constriction and basal swelling reddish and deflexed); apical swelling of bud cylindrical, 4–4.5 mm. long, 2 mm. in diameter, with flattened thumb-like appendages from near the top of each lobe giving the form of a crown; basal swelling ovoid-globose, 3.5–4 mm. across, narrowed for 3–5 mm. above; lobes erect, 7 mm. long, the upper expanded part lanceolate, 4–4.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hardened inside and slightly thickened towards the base, spurred outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Stamens pink, inflexed; tooth 0.5 mm. long; anthers 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Style purplish opposite vents, with a 2 mm. long neck above; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523813 morphology A3DCE797-8DF6-4C38-8D95-72053573ABFD Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003130-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Rounded shrub to 1.5 m., more pendulous with age, flowering on shoots of varying length; branchlets compressed at first, soon terete, densely pubescent with short spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Leaves mostly opposite or subopposite; petiole 5–20 mm. long; lamina grey-green to markedly blue-green, slightly fleshy, linear-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or broadly elliptic, 4–10 cm. long, 1–5.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous, with ascending nerves, either pinnate or lower 2–3 pairs stronger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Umbels or heads 8–24-flowered; peduncle and pedicels 2–5 mm. long, spreading-puberulous; bract-limb ovate-triangular, 1–1.5 mm. long, pointed or truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Receptacle 1.2–2 mm. long, puberulous, sometimes glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Calyx 0.2–0.5 mm. long, shortly to distinctly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Corolla 3.5–4(–4.5) cm. long, yellow to yellow-green, banded yellow or orange on lobes with tips green turning dull red outside, pubescent with longer spreading hairs on tube above basal swelling, somewhat glabrescent overall; apical swelling of bud fusiform-conical, sometimes slightly ribbed; basal swelling ovoid-globular, 3–5 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter, narrowly constricted above for 2–4 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 5–8 mm. long, the upper expanded part linear-lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, 0.8–1 mm. wide, hardened inside, rarely keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Stamens red, inflexed; tooth 0.1–0.2 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Style red opposite vents, with a neck 2–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523864 morphology F933BB18-BE20-48E0-964E-A7D03591200D Berry cherry-red, obovoid, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969289-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Well-branched shrub; branchlets slightly compressed, densely pubescent with short stiff spreading hairs; older branchlets glabrescent, grey, cracked, inconspicuously lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Leaves opposite and subopposite; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina slightly fleshy, dull green, lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, ovate or broadly elliptic, 5–9 cm. long, 3–5.5 cm. wide, pointed to rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, glabrous except on the prominently raised lower part of midrib beneath, with 6–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones more ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Umbels 8–16-flowered; peduncle and pedicels 2–4 mm. long, densely pubescent; bract-limb ovate-triangular, pointed or truncate, 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, glabrous to densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Calyx 0.3–0.8 mm. long, shallowly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Corolla 3.5–4.2 cm. long, greenish yellow to orange-red, tipped brownish red, pubescent with small irregularly arranged hairs; apex of buds narrowly ellipsoid, 4–5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. in diameter, pentagonal; basal swelling ovoid-ellipsoid, 5–7 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter, constricted for 3–4 mm. above; lobes erect, 8–9 mm. long, the upper dilated part linear-elliptic, (4–)5–6 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, slightly keeled on lower part outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Stamens inflexed; tooth 0.3–0.5 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Style with a neck 2.5–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000523871 morphology A82A9CFD-F056-4B6A-9C1A-03711239A37D Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969295-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Plant glabrous; twigs slightly compressed at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Leaves mostly opposite; petiole 5–15(–20) mm. long; lamina ± coriaceous, green to slightly glaucous, lanceolate to ovate, 4.5–15 cm. long, 1.2–8 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, rounded to cordate, rarely broadly cuneate, at the base, with 8–12 pairs of lateral nerves, lower 2–3 strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Umbels (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 2–4 mm. long; pedicels 0.5–3 mm. long from well-developed sockets; bract saucer-shaped, with a small triangular limb, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Receptacle obconic, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Calyx shortly cupular, 1–2 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Corolla-tube 3.2–4 cm. long, pink to crimson, sometimes darker along filament-lines, head of buds green turning blue-grey to purple; bud-heads oblong-ellipsoid, obtuse to truncate, angled to ribbed or narrowly winged, sometimes with bosses or triangular points up to 1 mm. long overtopping the apex, 3.5–4 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling 3.5–6 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. in diameter, with the tube constricted for 3–8 mm. above; lobes reflexed, 6–7 mm. long, slightly corrugated on claw, expanded tip narrowly elliptic, 3.5–4 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide (excluding margins). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Stamens with tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Style with a neck 2–2.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.7–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0000413266 morphology 17F54EC1-D674-47F2-A5B1-3D4CBF610F5A Berry urceolate, 10 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551881-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Stems to 1.5 m. long; branchlets velutinous, gradually glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Leaves mostly opposite; petiole 5–15(–30) mm. long; lamina ± coriaceous, green or yellow-green, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 6–14 cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, generally slightly acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous, with 4–8 pairs of lateral curved-ascending nerves, the second pair sometimes stronger and ascending to upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Umbels in axils and crowded at older nodes, (2–)4-flowered, puberulous overall; peduncle 3–5 mm. long; pedicels from slight sockets, 1.5–3 mm. long; bract saucer-shaped, with a small triangular limb, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Calyx also 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Corolla-tube 3.3–3.8 cm. long, puberulous, dull pink to reddish purple, with whitish or greenish spots on upper half, the head of buds grey-green with darker angles and the lobes green inside; bud-heads oblong, angled to narrowly winged, overtopped by an erect or spreading crown of 5 ovate-triangular points 1–2 mm. long, altogether 4–5 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter; basal swelling obovoid-ellipsoid, 4–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter, with the tube constricted for 3–6 mm. above; lobes 5–6 mm. long, reflexed, transversely corrugated inside, the upper expanded part oblong-elliptic, 3–3.5 mm. long, 1–1.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Stamens green; tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Style green above, with a neck 2–2.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0001075077 morphology 130A9AFD-A4A7-4C10-A77A-6035FF2BE512 Berry orange turning red, urceolate, 10 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551872-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Stems spreading then pendent to 1–3 m. long, glabrous, iron-grey, densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Leaves mostly opposite; petiole 5–12 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, dull green, linear-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 5–21 cm. long, 0.7–5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, generally cuneate or attenuate at the base, sometimes glandular-hairy at earliest stage of unfolding, with 4–6 pairs of lateral nerves, several lower ones strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Umbels several per axil and at older nodes, 2–4-flowered; peduncle 1–5 mm. long; pedicels in sockets, 0–2 mm. long; bract cupular, with small triangular limb, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Receptacle obconic, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Calyx cupular, 2–4 mm. long, truncate or erose, split by expanding corolla-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Corolla-tube 3–4 cm. long, pink to crimson outside, generally spotted white, redder along filament-lines inside, head of bud greenish white, darkening, lobes green to black inside; bud-heads oblong-ellipsoid, rounded to truncate, 5-angular, slightly ribbed, lobe-tips sometimes protruding as bosses or points up to 1 mm. long; basal swelling ellipsoid-obovoid, 4–10 mm. long, 3–5 mm. in diameter, the tube constricted for 3–5 mm. above; lobes 9–10 mm. long, reflexed, the upper expanded part 4–5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Stamens red; tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Style with a neck 2.5–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.7–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Berry red, oblong-ellipsoid, with persistent calyx, 10–12 mm. long, 6–8 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413267 morphology E4AF6090-C91E-4CDB-B8BF-37BA56B31219 Fig. 11/3–8 (p. 76). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551892-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Stems spreading to 1–1.5 m. long, essentially glabrous; lateral branches mostly rather short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Leaves mostly opposite; petiole 4–10 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, green to slightly glaucous, mostly ovate-elliptic to obovate-elliptic, less often lanceolate, 2–8 cm. long, (0.5–)1–4 cm. wide, generally obtuse to shortly rounded at the apex, cuneate to shortly rounded at the base, with 4–6 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Umbels in axils and at older nodes, 2–4-flowered; peduncle 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 0–3 mm. long; bract saucer-shaped, with a small triangular limb, 1.5–2 mm. long, occasionally slightly glandular-papillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Receptacle obconic, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Calyx saucer-shaped, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Corolla-tube 2.7–3.2 cm. long, dull red, generally with whitish spots, head of buds green turning greyish black particularly along angles; bud-heads oblong to oblong-obovoid, rounded to subtruncate, 4 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, angled or narrowly winged; basal swelling variously ellipsoid-obovoid to obovoid or depressed globose, 4–5 mm. long, 3–5 mm. in diameter, the tube constricted for 2–4 mm. above; lobes 7–9 mm. long, reflexed, the upper expanded part 4 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Stamens green to red; tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Style with a neck 2–3 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.7–0.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413234 morphology 21D3E20A-D38D-42F3-88BA-0BC5ABF4A829 Berry not seen, said to be orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551916-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Stems spreading to 1 m. long; twigs velvety puberulent, sometimes with longer spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Leaves opposite, subsessile; petiole 1(–3) mm. long; lamina coriaceous, grey-green to glaucous, ovate, 2–9 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cordate to amplexicaul at the base, glabrous, with 3–9 pairs of spreading nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Umbels 4-flowered; peduncle 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 0–2 mm. long; bract cupular, with a small triangular limb, 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Calyx cupular, flared, 1.5–2 mm. long, densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Corolla-tube 3–4 cm. long, dull to dark red, the lobes green, the heads of buds usually darkening before opening, velvety-puberulous to pilose; bud-heads oblong-obovoid to oblong-ellipsoid, rounded and shortly apiculate to a somewhat truncate apex, slightly angular, 4–5 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter; basal swelling ellipsoid-globose to globose, 4–5 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter; lobes ± 7 mm. long, reflexed, the upper expanded part oblanceolate, 4–4.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Stamens with tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Style with a neck 2–2.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Berry red, ellipsoid, 8 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, with persistent calyx, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413230 morphology E5E84254-F5A8-4A33-AE68-374B6B6F57F3 Fig. 11/1, 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551906-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Plants with stems spreading to 1 m. or so, glabrous except for the ciliolate bracts and calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Leaves mostly opposite or subopposite; petiole 3–10 mm. long; lamina ± coriaceous, green to glaucous, linear-lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, ovate or somewhat oblanceolate, 4–8(–17) cm. long, 0.5–4(–12) cm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, cuneate to rounded or shortly cordate at the base, with 4–6 pairs of curved-ascending lateral nerves, the lower ones occasionally more strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Umbels mostly in axils, occasionally predominantly at older nodes, (4–)6–8-flowered; peduncle 2–4(–8) mm. long; pedicels 1–3 mm. long from shallow sockets; bract shallowly saucer-shaped, with a small triangular limb, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Receptacle barrel-shaped, longer than calyx, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Calyx shallow, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Corolla-tube (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) cm. long, pink to red, rarely white apart from filament-lines, with pale heads generally darkening just prior to anthesis; bud-heads oblong-ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid, angled, ribbed to narrowly winged (wings less than 0.5 mm. wide), occasionally produced into small points at the apex, 3–3.5 mm. long, 1.8–2.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling ellipsoid-obovoid, 3.5–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter, with the tube constricted for 3–5 mm. above; lobes 6–7 mm. long, reflexed, linear-elliptic to lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, 1–1.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Stamens white to red; tooth 0.5–0.7 mm. long; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Style with neck 2–2.5 mm. long; stigma capitate, 0.8–1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000413227 morphology F1FCD125-5269-4AA5-8890-9284976D2350 Berry orange or red when ripe, ovoid-globose to depressed-globose, 8–9 mm. long, 7–9 mm. in diameter, with a small persistent calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:551928-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Twigs terete or elliptic in section, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Leaves opposite, subopposite or sometimes (in Zaire basin) ternate; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina fleshy, reddish when young, turning light to dark green, elliptic, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-ovate, 4–10 cm. long, 1.5–7 cm. wide, blunt or rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate to shortly cordate at the base; second and third main lateral nerves curved-ascending to upper half, the distal ones more spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Umbels 3–6, mostly at older leafless nodes; peduncle 3–20 mm. long, glabrous or sometimes scurfy; pedicels 4–9(–15), 2.5–5 mm. long; bract-cup 0.5 mm. long, limb triangular or bifid, 0.5–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Calyx 0.5–0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Corolla red or pink, the apical swelling darkening in ripe buds, 2.5–3.5 cm. long; apical swelling of mature buds subhemispherical, slightly pointed, pentagonal, slightly reduplicate proximally, 2.5–3.5 mm. across, 2–2.5 mm. tall; basal swelling usually subglobose, 2–4 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, rarely ellipsoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Inner anthers 1.5–2 mm. long; outer ones 1–1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Style-constriction 1.5–2 mm. long; stigma peltate to depressed-turbinate, 1.5–2 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Berry orange or red, 5–6 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter; seed orange or red, 3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703769 morphology D5B8F8DB-30E0-4D65-A9ED-C621E4DB2482 Fig. 12/1–8 (p. 81). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548735-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Twigs terete or elliptic in section, glabrous; bark smooth, grey, becoming powdery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole 5–15(–20) mm. long; lamina leathery or slightly fleshy, dull green, slightly paler beneath, often tinged reddish when young, elliptic to ovate, 4–14 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed at the apex, cuneate at the base, slightly decurrent; main lateral nerves 3–6(–7) pairs, second to fourth (or fifth) rather strongly ascending, usually well spaced but sometimes arising nearly together at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Umbels 3–15, mostly at nodes below current leaves; peduncle 2–15 mm. long, glabrous or shortly hairy; pedicels 3–6, 2–4 mm. long; bract-cup 0.5–1.5 mm. long, with a triangular or bifid limb 0.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Calyx (1–)1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Corolla red, the apical swelling usually green and darkening in ripe buds, but lobes green inside, 3–4 cm. long; apical swelling of mature buds subglobose to subhemispherical, not or slightly reduplicate, pentagonal, 2.5–3 mm. across, 2.5 mm. tall; basal swelling ellipsoid, 3–4 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Inner anthers 1–2 mm. long; outer ones 0.5–1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Style-constriction 1–2 mm. long; stigma peltate to depressed-turbinate, 1–1.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703767 morphology 1D0ABDD2-544E-431C-88AE-FCA39DE0386D Berry ripening yellow, ellipsoid to obovoid-truncate, 9–10 mm. long, 6–9 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548733-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Twigs terete or elliptical in section, glabrous; bark grey-brown, not peeling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole 5–8 mm. long; lamina thick and fleshy, yellow-green, tinged reddish when young, elliptic to broadly ovate, 3.5–9 cm. long, 2–5.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, obliquely cuneate to rounded and slightly decurrent at the base; main lateral nerves 6–8 pairs, second to fourth strongly ascending, the upper ones more spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Umbels 3–6, mostly at older leafless nodes; peduncle 3–8 mm. long; pedicels 3–6, 3–6 mm. long; bract-cup 0.5 mm. long, with a triangular or bifid limb 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Receptacle 0.7–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Calyx 1.2–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Corolla bright deep pink, the apical swelling turning black in ripe buds, the lobes green inside, 3.5–4.5 cm. long; apical swelling subhemispherical, pentagonal, reduplicate to narrowly 5-winged, the wings extending down the tube, 5–7 mm. across, 4–5 mm. tall; basal swelling slight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Inner anther-thecae 5 mm. long; outer ones 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Style-constriction 5 mm. long; stigma peltate, 3 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Berry mauvish, turbinate, to 12 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703782 morphology 15B56A53-3488-45A5-9472-EC6DFA12DAAF Fig. 12/10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548747-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Twigs terete or elliptic in section, glabrous or scurfy on youngest parts; bark grey, rarely powdery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Leaves opposite or subopposite; petiole 5–30 mm. long; lamina leathery or slightly fleshy, glaucous, ± red flushed when young, elliptic-oblong, elliptic or ovate, 4–10 cm. long, 2–7.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed at the apex, narrowly to broadly cuneate and slightly decurrent at the base; main lateral nerves 4–7 pairs, second to fourth strongly ascending, the well-separated upper ones more spreading, or in broad leaves all more regularly spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Umbels 1–3 in axils and at older leafless nodes; peduncle (2–)5–35 mm. long, sometimes with a few aborted buds below umbel; pedicels 3–9(–18), (2–)3–5 mm. long, glabrous or hairy; bract-cup 0.5–1 mm. long, with a triangular or bifid limb 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Receptacle 1–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Calyx 0.3–0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Corolla red or pink at the base, white or grey above, the apical swelling darkening in ripe buds, lobes green or whitish inside, 2.5–4.5 cm. long; apical swelling obovoid, ± truncate, pentagonal, slightly reduplicate, 2.5–3 mm. across; basal swelling ellipsoid, (3–)4–6 mm. long, (2.5–)3.5–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Inner anther-thecae 2–4 mm. long; outer ones 0.5–2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Style-constriction 2–4 mm. long; stigma peltate 1.2–1.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Fruit red, obconic, 1.2–1.4 cm. long, 0.8–1.1 cm. wide, strongly lined lengthways, with persistent sepals crowning the fruit and the same length as at anthesis but mostly wider. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000967270 morphology 1096F252-27D9-4FBF-AB15-6F0592565D32 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596479-1 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Erect branched herb, often woody at the base, 15–60 cm. high, densely leafy from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Leaves alternate or fasciculate, pinnately 3-foliolate; leaflets lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, glabrous above and hairy beneath; terminal leaflet the largest, 13–55 mm. long and 9–31 mm. wide, with a stalk up to 10 mm. long, the lateral ones 12–35 mm. long and 5–24 mm. wide, subsessile; petiole about as long as the terminal leaflet, tomentose and not widening into a stipule at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Inflorescence cymose, determinate at first, becoming bifid and indeterminate with branches up to20 mm. long, but sometimes contracted and umbelliform; peduncles axillary near ends of stem and branches, 4–7 cm. long; bracts linear, 1–1.5 mm. long, acute, pubescent; pedicels 2–5 mm. long, jointed at 1 mm. from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Sepals linear-lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm. long, acute, membranous, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Petals white, pink or purplish, with 2 yellow spots at the base, spathulate, cuneate, 7–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Stamen-tube 1.5 mm. long; long filaments dentate in the middle, puberulous; short filaments not dentate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Ovary oblong, glabrous; styles longer than both stamen whorls, or intermediate between them in length and hirsute, or shorter and glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Capsule ovoid to oblong, ending bluntly at each end, up to 11 mm. long and 4.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387172 morphology 4D02423F-2F86-4F54-9D5A-65524B78AD88 Seeds 3 per locule, 2.5 mm. long, flattened, ± 4-angled, acuminate, rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177777-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Annual or perennial much branched herb 10–30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Stems creeping, sometimes ascending, frequently rooting at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Leaves alternate, digitately 3-foliolate, with adnate stipules at the base; stipules 1.5–2 mm. long, ciliate or rarely glabrous; leaflets sessile, ± equal, obcordate, with a narrow sinus about one-third of way down, cuneate, pilose, particularly beneath and at margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Flowers in 1–6-flowered pseudumbels; peduncles axillary, 1–8 cm. long, about as long as the petioles, pubescent or glabrous, ascending; bracts 2–many, linear-lanceolate, 2–4 mm. long, acute to acuminate, pilose; pedicels 7–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 mm. long, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Petals yellow, shallowly emarginate, cuneate, 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Filaments glabrous, the long ones as long as the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Styles hairy, about as long as the long filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Capsule linear-oblong, usually abruptly narrowing at apex, (4–)9–17 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Seeds 1–many per locule, ovoid-ellipsoid, flattened, brown, transversely ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0000387203 morphology D2B3E51C-C2D1-4893-8AB7-7F5736F68B48 Fig. 1/5, p. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177893-2 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Perennial herb, with usually thin stems arising from a thick tuberous main rootstock 5 mm. or more across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Stems erect or ascending, not rooting at the nodes, somewhat angular, loosely pubescent with spreading hairs, more densely so at the nodes and on young parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Leaves alternate or rarely fasciculate, very like those of O. corniculata but with no stipules at the base of the petiole; leaflets very variable in size, usually softly hairy on both sides, sparsely so on the upper side, ciliate at margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Peduncles axillary, usually l–l.5(–2.5) times as long as the subtending petioles; bracts 2–many, variable, linear to oblanceolate, ciliate; pedicels 1–2 cm. long, with short spreading hairs which sometimes appear curly on dry specimens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Sepals linear-lanceolate, up to 5 mm. long, often tinged with purple, softly hairy and ciliate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Petals usually appearing pinkish in bud, sometimes with reddish markings in the throat and greenish-yellow at the base, 10 mm. long or rarely longer, glabrous, sometimes ciliate at the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Short filaments glabrous or rarely hairy; long filaments glabrous or pilose, as long as the sepals or longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Styles 5, as long as the long filaments or intermediate in length between the 2 filament whorls or shorter than both whorls (specimens from Moroto), hirsute; stigmas laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Capsule cylindrical, gradually tapering to the persistent styles, 5-lobed, up to 3 cm. long, closely pubescent with hairs usually pointing backwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Seeds many in each locule, brown, somewhat flattened and transversely ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0001090118 morphology 1BB40C7A-5735-4D04-B469-896D0BD09549 Fig. 1/6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375334-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Acaulescent bulbous herb with a vertical rhizome 1–10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Bulb solitary at base of rhizome, ovoid-ellipsoid, up to 12 mm. long and 6–12 mm. in diameter, covered by 2 or more dirty brown reticulate scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Leaves 3-foliolate, appearing in a rosette at the soil-surface, with petioles widening at the base; leaflets sessile, broadly obovate, cuneate, the middle one usually shallowly emarginate, slightly wider than the lateral ones, 5–11 mm. long and 9–19 mm. wide, and with a distinct midvein, the lateral ones 5–11 mm. long and 5.5–16 mm. wide, with no midvein but with up to 4 veins arising from the base, usually foveolate on both sides, glabrous or rarely ciliate on the midvein below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Flowers solitary on erect peduncles longer than petioles; bracts 2, linear, l.5–2(–4) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Sepals oblong-lanceolate, sometimes with 2 apical calli, 3–4(–5) mm. long, shortly hairy and ciliate at the top, usually tinged purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Petals pink or purple, sometimes with a yellow base, narrowly obovate, 10–23 mm. long, entire, hairy in part on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Filaments glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Styles densely hairy; flowers can be long-styled (styles longer than both stamen whorls), mid-styled (styles intermediate in length between the 2 stamen whorls) or short-styled (styles shorter than both stamen whorls), but the homostylous condition (styles as long as long filaments) has not been noticed; stigmas laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Capsule globose, shorter than the sepals, 3–3.5 mm. long, terminated by the persistent styles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000386865 morphology 82116C3F-5AB2-4B54-8893-0B5B54CC4C6D Seeds 1 or 2 in each locule, 1 mm. long, light brown with faint markings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375210-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Acaulescent or rarely a shortly stemmed perennial herb, with a vertical rhizome up to 18 cm. long arising from the top of an ovoid 1–1.5 cm. long bulb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Leaves 3-foliolate, usually appearing in a rosette but sometimes spaced and alternate; petioles widening at the base, either glabrous or with long spreading hairs; leaflets sessile, subcircular to obovate, rounded or shallowly emarginate at apex, cuneate, glabrous above and with a few hairs at least on the midrib beneath, sometimes gland-dotted at the edge. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Flowers pink, purplish or blue in pseudumbels; peduncles arising from the leaf-rosette or subtended by cauline bracts, up to over 20 cm. long and usually longer than the petioles; bracts variable, short and linear to elongate and lanceolate, rarely with apical calli; pedicels up to 2 cm. long, with spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, acute, sparsely hairy, with or without orange apical calli. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Petals up to 16 mm. long, hairy in part on the outside or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Stamens with long filaments pubescent and short filaments glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Styles pubescent, intermediate in length between or longer than the 2 stamen whorls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Capsule globose, shorter than the sepals, with 3 seeds in each locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Seeds shiny, reddish-brown, rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0000387315 morphology A2C859D2-A25C-4F54-AD73-46E012986C50 Fig. 1/1, 2, p. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374654-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Perennial herb, acaulescent or sometimes with a distinct aerial stem up to 15 cm. long, with a vertical rhizome up to 12 cm. long arising from the top of the bulb; bulb up to 1.3–4 cm. long and 1.2 cm. in diameter, the scales broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, brown, smooth with parallel veins; rhizome with membranous scales 2–3 mm. long, which continue asgreen cauline bracts and sometimes subtend the peduncles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Leaves 3-foliolate, in a rosette and either basal or high up on the stem, long-petiolate; leaflets very variable in form and size, broadly ovate, obovate or ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute to obtuse at apex, almost glabrous or sparsely hairy above and softly so beneath, ciliate at the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Flowers purple or blue, in pseudumbels; peduncle 10–15 cm. long; bracts linear and variable in length, up to 6 mm. long, pilose; pedicels 1–2 cm. long, with spreading hairs or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 4–5 mm. long, acute with 2 apical calli, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Petals oblanceolate, 9–13 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Filaments glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Styles pubescent, as long as, or longer than, the long-stamen whorl, thus the flowers are either long-styled or homostyled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Capsule globular, with 3 seeds in each locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090119 morphology E5440057-65E5-410A-B1B3-DBA5D951151B Seeds flattened-ellipsoid, longitudinally ribbed, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375213-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Acaulescent perennial herb, with a simple vertical rhizome, the rhizome often with membranous scales getting larger towards the top; bulb not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Leaves 3-foliolate, 3–many in a rosette; petioles up to over 13 cm. long, with a mixed indumentum of sparse long simple hairs and short glandular hairs; leaflets linear-oblong, up to more than 35 mm. long and 12 mm. wide, narrowing to the base and obtuse at apex, glabrous above, punctate and sparsely hairy beneath, more hairy on the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Flowers 5–many in pseudumbels, light purple with a greenish throat; peduncles as long as, or more often longer than, the petioles, arising from the leaf-rosette or subtended by cauline bracts, sparsely hairy or glabrous; bracts many, shortly lanceolate to linear, 4–5 mm. long, acute, pilose; pedicels 1–2 cm. long, like the calyx with glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Sepals lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, acute with apical calli, glandular hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Petals cuneate and spathulate, ± 3 times as long as the sepals, hairy in part on the outside or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Long filaments hairy, ±1.5 times as long as the sepals; short filaments glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Styles shorter or longer than the 2 stamen whorls, thus the flowers are short-styled or long-styled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Capsule globular, with up to 3 seeds in each locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090120 morphology 7812B86B-C159-4598-8546-D70ECAAA2056 Seeds reddish-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:374963-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Acaulescent or very shortly stemmed perennial herb, with a vertical rhizome up to 7 cm. long; bulb ovoid, with a linear-lanceolate beak, up to 3 cm. long excluding the beak and 2 cm. in diameter; beak 1–2.5 cm. long; scales brown, smooth, with parallel veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Leaves 3-foliolate, 2–many ± in a basal rosette; petiole up to 11 cm. long, pubescent; leaflets obovate to elliptic, very variable in form and size, from l.5–4(–5) cm. long and up to2 cm. wide above the middle, obtuse, rounded or sometimes truncate at apex, cuneate, sparsely pilose to glabrate above, densely pilose beneath, ciliate at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Flowers in 2–many-flowered pseudumbels, pink to purplish-blue with a yellowish throat; peduncles longer than the petioles, up to 15 cm. long, arising from the leaf-rosettes or subtended by cauline bracts below the rosettes, with simple and glandular hairs; bracts linear, up to 6 mm. long; pedicels up to 1.5 cm. long, glandular hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Sepals broadly lanceolate, 6.5 mm. long, glandular hairy, with or without orange apical calli. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Petals oblong, obliquely obtuse at apex, cuneate, 10–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Long filaments hairy, with short appendages at the back in the lower half. Short filaments glabrous in mid- and long-styled flowers , in short-styled flowers short filaments hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 In mid- and long-styled flowers styles hairy, in short-styled flowers styles glabrous. Ovary globose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Capsule glabrous or hairy, with 2–3 seeds per locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090121 morphology FC1BF5D3-A24E-45DA-9002-D22A53D86FE6 Seeds up to 1.5 mm. long and 1.0 mm. wide, longitudinally 6–7-ribbed, chocolate-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:375482-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Perennial herb, acaulescent or nearly so, with a vertical rhizome up to 20 cm. long, but usually very short, arising from the top of an elongated bulb; bulb 2–5 cm. long, 0.6–1.3 cm. in diameter, with smooth parallel-veined brown scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Leaves 3-foliolate, 2–5, ± basal; petioles up to 20 cm. long, widening at the base for 1 cm. or more, pubescent to densely pilose; leaflets sessile, linear to oblong, widening to the deeply forked apex, 4–7 cm. long, 0.3–0.7 cm. wide, glabrescent above and hairy beneath, with clear venation, not obviously foveolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Flowers purple, in 4–25-flowered pseudumbels, borne on peduncles up to 25 cm. long, which arise from the leaf-rosette or from the axils of bracts below, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Bracts many, linear, up to 6 mm. long; pedicels up to 23 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Sepals lanceolate, 4.5–8 mm. long, acute, sparsely hairy, with orange apical calli. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Petals up to 12(–14) mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Long filaments hairy; short filaments glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Styles either longer than both stamen whorls (long-styled) and hairy or shorter than both (short-styled) and then glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Capsule shortly oblong, up to 5 mm. long, shorter than the sepals or sometimes as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0001090122 morphology 3508CB68-DA02-4A85-ACA1-F834238B9706 Seeds up to 3 in each locule, reddish-brown, flattened and faintly transversely ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663182-1 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Bulbous acaulescent perennial herb; bulb rounded, 15–25 mm. in diameter, made up of many bulbils up to 5 mm. in diameter borne on a central axis; bulb-base corm-like with many fibrous roots; scales oblong-lanceolate, brown, papery, thicker at the 3 mid-nerves, the inner scales thickened with a starchy substance. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Leaves 3-foliolate, on long petioles up to 25 cm. long; leaflets sessile, obcordate, bilobed, up to 4 cm. long and 4.5 cm. wide; lobes rounded, hairy beneath, ciliate, sometimes with orange dots near the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Flowers pink, purplish or blue, greenish in the throat in a pseudumbel or a bifid branching cyme on long hairy or glabrate peduncles usually longer than the petioles; bracts 2 at base of inflorescence and then 1 at the base of each branch, ovate, subacute, ciliate with 1 or 2 linear calli on the midrib; pedicels hairy, up to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 4.5–5 mm. long, subacute, hairy and each with 2 orange calli near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Petals obovate, cuneate, ± 3 times as long as the sepals, rounded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Long filaments hairy, 6–7 mm. long; short filaments almost glabrous, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Styles very hairy, about as long as the sepals, between the 2 stamen whorls in length, thus the flowers are mid-styled; stigmas laciniate, blackish in dry specimens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000387375 morphology 8F8305AA-D006-454C-B369-72176C157D58 Capsule elongate; mature capsule not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:177910-2 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Annual herb; stem slender, simple, straight, 5–30 cm. high and 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, terete, glabrate or sparsely appressed hairy with downwarddirected hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Leaves 5 to many in a simple rosette at the top of the stem, up to 7 cm. long and 12–16 mm. wide, 3–11(usually 7)-jugate, sensitive to touch, the leaflets closing together upwards; petioles and rhachis often thin, glabrous or slightly hairy; leaflets subsessile or with a short petiolule 0.5 mm. long, green or tinged with purple, the apical leaflets the largest, almost twice the size of the next pair, obliquely elliptic, up to 20 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, obtuse at apex, narrowly cuneate, the median leaflets oblique- to oblong-rectangular, the basal ones very small, up to 2 mm. long and 2 mm. wide; all membranous, paler green beneath and with up to 10 pairs of very clear nerves, glabrous or sometimes ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Flowers in peduncled l–5(–12)-flowered pseudumbels; peduncles slender, as long as or longer than the leaves, 2–7 (–10.5) cm. long, glabrous or sparsely appressed hairy; bracts very small, linear, 1—1.5 mm. long, acute, 1-nerved; pedicels up to 7 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Sepals lanceolate, acutely acuminate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 3-nerved, often membranous at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Petals free, later adherent for two-thirds of their length above the free bases, spathulate, 2–2.5 times as long as the sepals, 5–6(–17) mm. long, white, creamy yellow or pinkish-mauve with a yellow base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Filaments nearly free to base, the long filaments hairy, the short ones glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Styles of varying length in relation to the filaments, the flowers thus trimorphic heterostyled; stigmas bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Capsule subglobose to obovoid, up to 4 mm. long and 3 mm. in diameter, longer than the sepals, darker and hairy at ridges, with 1–3 seeds per locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Seeds flattened-ellipsoid, up to 1.3 mm. long and 0.7 mm. wide, tuberculate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565429 morphology C8820374-BE23-44A8-A9F1-69E7C9968AEB Fig. 2/A, p. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371944-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Annual herb; stem generally simple but sometimes shortly branched at apex, usually slender but sometimes up to 5 mm. in diameter, ± widening at the apex, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Leaves in 1 or, in stout plants, up to 5 rosettes at apex of stem or branches, 2–15 cm. long, 5–21-jugate, sensitive to touch, the leaflets closing together upwards; leaflets subsessile, the apical ones usually the largest, 1–1.5 times the length of next pair, decreasing in size downwards, the largest obliquely obovate, the others obliquely rectangular, rounded at the apex but sometimes abruptly and shortly apiculate, truncate at the base, pubescent on both surfaces or glabrous except at the ciliate margin; lateral nerves ± inconspicuous from above, thin but distinct from beneath, usually twice as many in the lower half as in the upper half (halves in relation to leaf-rhachis); petiole and rhachis pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Flowers in peduncled 3–10-flowered pseudumbels; peduncles usually longer than the leaves, pubescent; bracts 2 mm. long, acutely acuminate, 1-nerved, pubescent; pedicels up to 7 mm.long, pubescent, sometimes glandular hairy, articulate up to 3 mm. above the point of insertion, so that when the upper parts drop off the basal stumps are seen among the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Sepals 4–5 mm. long, acutely acuminate, 3–5-nerved, pubescent, sometimes also with a few glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Petals spathulate, 1.5–2 times as long as the sepals, white, yellow or pinkish-purple, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Filaments shortly connate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Ovary deeply 5-lobed; styles hairy near the base, glabrous towards the apex and shortly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Capsule obovoid, 3 mm. long and 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Seeds flattened-ellipsoid, small, up to 0.5 mm. long, rugose, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565471 morphology 521FA53F-03D5-48F3-8D93-58E4AEEACAEA Fig. 2/C, p. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663018-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Annual or perennial; stem single, sometimes up to 5-branched at the top, straight, 15–25 cm. long, sometimes ascending and rooting in the lower parts, becoming thickened and normally rough with many leaf-scars on the upper part on older plants, shortly pilose, the hairs becoming denser towards the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Leaves in a single rosette at top of stem or branches, up to 10 cm. long, 3–10 (–18)-jugate; petiole up to 15(–18) mm. long, long-hirsute towards the base; rhachis pubescent; leaflets obliquely oblong, rectangular, acute to abruptly and shortly apiculate, truncate at the base except for the terminal ones which are almost cuneate, the terminal ones the largest, 12–14(–23) mm. long, 4–6(–11)mm. wide, pubescent (sometimes sparingly so) beneath, glabrous above except sometimes along the midrib and at the ciliate margin; lateral nerves thin but distinct beneath, numerous, in up to 13 or more pairs, almost parallel, making an acute angle with the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Peduncles ± as long as the leaves, closely hairy; bracts many, making a globular or oblong head 4–5 mm. in diameter, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long, subacute, 1-nerved; pedicels up to 6 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Sepals lanceolate, 4–4.5 mm. long, acute, 3–6-nerved, sparsely and shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Corolla 5.5 mm. long, cream, glabrous; petals at first free, afterwards falsely shortly connate above the free pointed bases, rounded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Filaments connate for 0.5 mm. at the base; short filaments 1–2 mm. long and glabrous, almost white; long filaments 2.5–3.5 mm. long and hairy, darker coloured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Ovary globose, deeply 5-lobed; styles longer than the 2 filament whorls or shorter and then deflexed, joined for 0.5 mm. to form a stylar tube, hairy with club-shaped hairs in the upper half, widening into a flattened stigmatic surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Capsule globular or ± obovoid, overtopped by remains of styles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565552 morphology 166839A6-0BD1-451D-955C-BF7F29824A5D Seeds 3 in each locule, 1.0–1.3 mm. long and 0.7 mm. wide, reddish-brown, longitudinally ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663059-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Annual; stem simple, straight, (4–)10–20(–40) cm. high, 2 mm. in diameter, with downward pointing hairs becoming denser towards the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Leaves subsessile, in a single rosette 2–7 cm. in diameter, up to 2–7 cm. long and 6–12 mm. wide, 3–8(–10)-jugate; rhachis hirsute; terminal leaflets the largest, up to 6–10 mm. long and 3–6 mm. wide, obliquely obovate, ±1.5 times the size of the next pair, the middle leaflets rectangular-ovate, the basal ones ovate-triangular, rounded at the base, sparsely long hairy or glabrous except at the ciliate margin, paler beneath and with prominent nerves, the lateral ones making a right-angle with the midrib and bifurcating towards the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Flowers white, yellow, orange or reddish, in generally sessile but sometimes pedunculate 2–6-flowered pseudumbels; peduncles, when present, up to 5.5 cm. long and longer than the leaves, ascending, appressed hairy; bracts linear-lanceolate, 2.5 mm. long, acute to long-acuminate, 1-nerved, usually hairy; pedicels slender, 3–4 mm. long, articulate at about 2 mm. from the point of insertion, hirsute especially towards the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0001143525 morphology C2751FA4-D08F-4E81-A513-B75FB40B725C Achene ovoid, ±1.5 mm. long, laterally compressed, almost sessile, somewhat reflexed when ripe, centre of flattened sides with a warted depression and smooth circular marginal ridge, dispersed with the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854307-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Annual (?and short-lived perennial) monoecious herb, up to ± l(–?4) m. high, with few stems from the ± woody base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Stems puberulous to pubescent, frequently with stinging hairs 1–2 mm. long, raised on protuberances 1–2 mm. high; bark usually pale, greenish to brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Leaves crowded towards the top of the stems; stipules lanceolate, fused for ± half their length, ± 1 cm. long, with a few stiff hairs on the nerves; petiole 1.5–13(–15) cm. long, glabrescent, but distal part usually densely beset with raised stinging hairs as on stems; lamina broadly ovate to triangular, 4.5–15 cm. long, 3.5–13 cm. wide, base truncate to subcordate, margin coarsely serrate, on each side with 8–16 teeth, each tooth 0.6–1.3 cm. long and wide, with a distinct submarginal nerve on both sides, apex acuminate to caudate, terminal tooth up to ± 2 cm. long; lateral nerves 4–7 pairs, basal pair reaching 7th–8th tooth from apex; upper surface with scattered stinging hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface glabrous to puberulous on the nerves, on which raised stinging hairs also frequently occur as on stem and petiole. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Inflorescences unisexual or bisexual, paniculate, on peduncles 2–5 cm. long, up to ± 20 cm. long overall, single in the axils of the upper leaves; axes glabrous, frequently with raised stinging hairs, side-branches 10–20, up to ± 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Male flowers in separate inflorescences in the lower leaf-axils, or in the lower part of bisexual ones, on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, corniculate or with a subapical appendage up to 0.3 mm. long, sometimes with stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Female flowers in inflorescences of the upper leaf-axils or in the upper parts of lower inflorescences, on pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long; tepals 4, or sometimes with 1 reduced, lateral ones ± 1 mm. long, the dorsal one slightly shorter, geniculate, usually with 1–few stinging hairs; ovary with linear stigma ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Achene ovoid, laterally compressed, 1–1.5 mm. long, sessile to slightly stipitate, on the flattened sides with a ridge surrounding a central warted depression, dispersed with the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0000445158 morphology 88FEB8AE-0DE0-4ECF-A1DD-77E6450C8631 Fig. 6/D, p. 22 & 7/C, p. 24. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854298-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Presumably perennial and apparently dioecious, rarely evidently monoecious herb, sometimes shrubby with juicy branches, reportedly with spreading or sprawling habit, up to 1.5 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Branches with yellowish-green bark, sometimes with large buds over the scars of fallen leaves, presumably for renewed growth; young branches glabrescent or glabrous, occasionally with stinging hairs up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Leaves crowded towards the end of the branches; stipules narrowly triangular, fused only at base, 2–3 mm. long, glabrous, mostly green; petiole 3–8 cm. long, glabrous except for a few occasional stinging hairs; lamina ovate to narrowly ovate or elliptic, 4–12 cm. long, 2.5–5 cm. wide, base cuneate to rounded, margin serrate, on each side with 15–20 broad teeth up to ± 7 mm. long, apex acute to acuminate; lateral nerves (3–)4–7 pairs, basal pair reaching 8th–10th tooth from apex; upper surface with scattered stinging hairs and minute punctiform cystoliths, lower surface with stinging hairs on the nerves and more elongated cystoliths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Inflorescences unisexual, rarely bisexual, paniculate, profusely branched from the base, peduncle indistinct, overall length of ♀ inflorescences 2–6 cm., ♂ ones 1.5–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Male flowers in clusters up to 0.8 cm. in diameter, on pedicels ± 2 mm. long; perianth ± 2 mm. in diameter, 5-merous, tepals not corniculate and without stinging hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Female flowers in small clusters on the branches; pedicels up to 0.4 mm. long, at first erect; tepals: the lateral pair up to 1 mm. long, the dorsal and ventral ones much smaller, subequal; ovary with filiform stigma ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Achene ovoid, laterally compressed, ±1.5 mm. long, substipitate, almost completely covered by the accrescent lateral tepals, finally reflexed, on the sides with a ridge surrounding a small smooth area, dispersed with the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0001143655 morphology F2D54BDA-DB88-46CD-B6C3-7BFD86238EB3 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854279-1 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Annual herb with somewhat fleshy stems, slightly woody at base, up to ± 1 m. tall or more, little branched, glabrescent to densely covered with stinging hairs up to ± 1 mm. long and soft glandular hairs 1–2 (–3) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Leaves restricted to the top of the stem; stipules linear–lanceolate, fused for ± half their length, glabrous except for a few stinging hairs on the midnerve; petioles 5–15 cm. long, usually densely covered with soft glandular hairs, with a few stinging hairs intermixed; lamina ovate to broadly ovate, 7–20 cm. long, 5.5–14 cm. wide, base broadly cuneate to cordate, margin serrate, on each side with 30–40 teeth up to 0.5 mm. long, apex acute or acuminate; lateral nerves 5–9 pairs, basal pair reaching 10th–12th tooth from apex; upper surface with scattered stiff and stinging hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface with stinging hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Inflorescences bisexual, rarely unisexual, profusely branched panicles on peduncles 4–10 cm. long, overall length 15–20 cm., in the axils of upper leaves and reaching above these, axes covered with glandular hairs, flowers in clusters ± 5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Male flowers scattered on the inflorescence and mixed with the ♀ ones or mostly at the base, soon falling, on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth ±1.5 mm. in diameter, 4–5-merous usually with glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Female flowers densely clustered; pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long, usually slightly winged dorsiventrally; tepals: the two lateral ones ± 0.5 mm. long, the dorsal one half as long, slightly geniculate, usually with glandular hairs, the ventral one shorter; ovary with stigma ± 0.5 mm. long, filiform, ± recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Achene ovoid, stipitate, 1(–1.5) mm. long, laterally compressed, on each side with a ridge enclosing a warted area, finally reflexed, dispersed with the perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000445388 morphology AD9E00B7-016B-4EC6-9BF0-765719FD5F92 Fig. 6/F & 7/D. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:135476-2 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Annual herb with fleshy pinkish stems, (3–)5–25(–40) cm. tall, unbranched or branched from the lower 1–3 nodes, sometimes reaching flowering with the cotyledons persistent; apparently monoecious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Stems glabrous, eglandular, with minute linear cystoliths in epidermis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Leaves of a pair equal, but usually increasing in size from the lower nodes to the top of the plant, while the length of nodes and petioles decreases, so the uppermost 2 pairs appear to be verticillate and almost sessile; stipules thin, membranous, persistent, ovate to subcircular, up to ± 4 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, with subcordate base and rounded apex; petioles of lower leaves 0.4–2.5 cm. long, of upper, subverticillate leaves 0.2–0.5 cm. long; lamina ovate, in the lower leaves 0.9–3 cm. long, 0.6–2.8 cm. wide, in the upper leaves up to 3.5 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, ovate, rarely elliptic–subcircular, base cuneate to truncate, margin serrate, with (4-)5–12 teeth on each side, apex blunt to acute, rarely acuminate, with a large terminal tooth; basal pair of lateral nerves clearly marked, reaching 3rd–4th tooth from apex, giving off lateral nerves to the lower teeth, other lateral nerves indistinct; upper surface with appressed hairs and fine linear cystoliths, lower surface glabrous or with scattered hairs on the nerves, and with scattered hydatodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Inflorescences in the axils of the upper leaves (the largest inflorescences corymb-like, forming a cross-shaped figure at the stem-apex, but consisting of 4 inflorescences in the axils of the 4 uppermost leaves), paniculate, with flowers in cymose glomerules; ♂ inflorescences or partial inflorescences apparently rare, restricted to the axils of the upper leaves, where they occur together with purely ♀ inflorescences, with a structure as described above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Male flowers in small clusters on axes up to 0.8 cm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; perianth with 2 lobes and 2 stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Female flowers: pedicel up to 1 mm. long; perianth (3–)4-merous, with 1 large, longitudinally crested segment and (2–)3 very short ones, visible only as crenation on a short, basal tube; 4 hyaline, staminodal scales present, ± enclosing the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Achene broadly ovate, compressed, smooth or ± verrucose, brown, up to 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000472436 morphology A9EF9EB8-8A13-4B6B-814E-D5E6B0C9551F Fig. 8/A–E, p. 28. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855836-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Annual erect herb, up to 20(–30) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Stems little branched, or with short suppressed lateral shoots (consisting of a few nodes only) in the leaf-axils, glabrous, often with orange or reddish glands in the epidermis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Leaves on the upper 1/2–2/3 of the plant usually with the largest lamina and the longest petioles; leaves of a pair equal or subequal; stipules membranous, translucent and very inconspicuous, triangular, usually less than 1 mm. long; petiole 0.5–4 cm. long; lamina ovate to elliptic, (0.3–)1–3.5(–4.5) cm. long, (0.2–)0.8–2(–3.5) cm. wide, base cuneate, rounded or subcordate, margin serrate, with 3–8(–13) teeth on each side (usually restricted to the apical 2/3 of lamina), apex shortly acuminate; lateral nerves 3–4 pairs, basal pair reaching 2nd–3rd tooth from leaf-apex; both surfaces glabrous, upper surface with white dots between the numerous linear cystoliths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Inflorescences usually 2 together in the upper leaf-axils, spike-like, with dense cymose clusters along an axis up to 1.5 cm. long, rarely the axis branched to form a paniculate inflorescence, or with only 1 cluster on a peduncle (occasionally 1 inflorescence and 1 reduced shoot with a few nodes in a leaf-axil). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Male flowers either in small, separate, cymose, globular inflorescences or in small clusters at the base of ♀ inflorescences; the ♂ flowers usually develop early, on pedicels ± 0.8 mm. long; perianth ± 0.8 mm. in diameter, 3–4-merous, each tepal with a subapical swelling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Female flowers subsessile; perianth ± 0.8 mm. long, 3-merous, with 1 long, ovate perianth-segment with an apical swelling, the 2 others much shorter, 3 hyaline staminodal scales present, shorter than ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000473026 morphology A9C1FEAA-F252-4753-A55C-A26E2258E55D Achene ovate to lanceolate, compressed, 0.8–1 mm. long, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855217-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Perennial herb with prostrate and ascending stems, up to 1 m. high; apparently mostly dioecious, or at least each shoot unisexual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Stems little branched, often ± lignified at base, glabrous, with linear cystoliths and occasionally reddish or orange glands in epidermis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Leaves of a pair subequal or equal; stipules large and prominent, persistent, circular, oblong or ovate, 6–10 mm. long, 4–8 mm. wide, transparent, with subcordate base and rounded apex; petiole extremely variable, 0.4–5(–8.5) cm. long, glabrous or with a few hairs at connection with lamina; lamina ovate to lanceolate, 0.5–8(–10.5) cm. long, 0.5–3.5(–6) cm. wide, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margin crenulate to serrate, with 4–15(–20) teeth on each side, apex acute to long acuminate; lateral nerves 3–4 pairs, basal pair reaching ± 2/3 of the way to the apex before joining with the upper lateral nerves and arching towards the midnerve; both upper and lower surface with dense linear cystoliths, on the nerves of the lower surface often a ± dense indumentum of spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Inflorescences sessile, dense glomerules, up to 1(–1.3) cm. in diameter, mostly unisexual, rarely with a few flowers of the opposite sex intermixed, single in the upper leaf-axils, with small linear bracts between the flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Male flowers 3-merous, on pedicels l–2.5(–4) mm. long; perianth globular to ovoid, ± 2 mm. long (not including appendages); tepals equal, with prominent linear cystoliths in epidermis, each with a subapical filiform appendage 0.8–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Female flowers on pedicels 1–2 mm. long; perianth 1–1.5 mm. long, divided almost to the base, with 3 ovate, subequal lobes, the middle one with a subapical appendage up to 0.5 mm. long, lateral lobes 2/3–4/5 as long as the middle lobe, usually also with a ± developed subapical appendage; staminodal scales about as long as perianth-segments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Achene brown to pale brown or whitish, ovoid, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, ovoid, compressed, occasionally with a flat, marginal wing (rarely the wing dissolved into hooked bristles). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0000472457 morphology 542E1B66-9198-48D4-9F51-2F44AAB652EC Fig. 8/F–J. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855738-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Perennial herb with erect stems from prostrate base, up to 0.8(–l) m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Stems little branched, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Leaves of a pair subequal or one considerably smaller and with shorter petiole than the other; stipules persistent, broadly triangular, pointed, 0.8–2 mm. long; petiole 0.5–5.5 cm. long, glabrous or with scattered hairs in the distal part; lamina ovate to elongate or elliptic, 2.5–12.5 cm. long, 0.8–4.5 cm. wide, base usually ± oblique, subcordate to rounded, rarely cuneate, margin serrate, with 14–20 teeth on each side (more outside Flora area), each tooth usually regularly triangular, acute, not apiculate, leaf-apex long-acuminate, with the apical tooth 0.6–2 cm. long; basal pair of lateral nerves reaching apical tooth, lateral nerves (other than the basal pair) numerous, running straight from midnerve towards edge of lamina or giving off a few clearly weaker tertiary nerves, not disappearing into a network of tertiary nerves as in P. holstii; upper surface glabrous, with scattered, often inconspicuous linear cystoliths, lower surface with a few spreading hairs on the nerves and sometimes with hydatodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Inflorescences flattened, diffuse panicles, on peduncles 1–2 cm. long, flowering part up to 10 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, with small cymose glomerules; male inflorescences with 4–10 branches, glomerules 2–4 mm. in diameter; female inflorescence with (3–)5–10 branches, glomerules ± 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Male flowers on pedicels 0.4–0.8 mm. long; perianth ± 0.8 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, tepals without or with only weakly developed subapical appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Female flowers subsessile, 0.8 mm. long; middle perianth-lobe rounded to acute, without subapical appendage, the 2 lateral lobes only 1/2 as long as the middle lobe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143657 morphology C7883B59-864A-4B02-BD90-C2F90FC75554 Achene broadly ovoid, ± 0.8 mm. long, yellow to pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855244-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Presumably perennial herb, up to 40 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Stems prostrate and ascending, little branched, fleshy, glabrous, with a few scattered reddish glands and linear cystoliths in epidermis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Leaves of a pair subequal to very unequal, sometimes one only 1/2 the size of the other, and with much shorter petiole; stipules broadly triangular, persistent, but inconspicuous, 6–8 mm. long; petiole 0.4–5 cm. long, glabrous, or with a few hairs arranged in tufts at connection with lamina; lamina ovate to elliptic, 1.2–8(–9) cm. long, 0.6–3.5(–4.7) cm. wide, base rounded, margin serrate, with 7–12 teeth on each side, each tooth with a convex or S-curved distal edge and a concave proximal side, apex of tooth usually markedly apiculate, leaf-apex acute or usually acuminate; lateral nerves numerous, basal pair of lateral nerves reaching the level of 2nd or 3rd tooth from apex before arching inwards and joining the upper lateral nerves, rarely the basal pair reach the apical tooth of lamina, lateral nerves above the basal pair dissolve in the lower 2/3 of lamina in a dense network of tertiary nerves; upper surface glabrous, with scattered, linear cystoliths, lower surface glabrous with scattered hydatodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Inflorescences unisexual, ± lax panicles, 0.6–6 cm. long, with few, alternate branches and flowers in small, ± diffusely cymose clusters; ♂ inflorescences: peduncle 0.8–1.3 cm. long, clusters usually few, up to 6 mm. in diameter; ♀ inflorescences more branched than the ♂ ones, clusters 2–3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Male flowers on pedicels 0.6–1 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, tepals with a subapical appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Female flowers on pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. long, the middle lobe the longest, without subapical appendage, lateral lobes less than 1/2 as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Achene long, ovoid, laterally compressed, 1–1.5 mm. brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143659 morphology 04581D8D-7F5D-4499-B7EC-08331E75E20C Fig. 9/F, p. 32. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855814-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Erect perennial herb with creeping basal part, up to 1 m. high or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Erect stems unbranched or little branched, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Leaves of a pair subequal or one with much longer petiole than the other; stipules broadly triangular, persistent but inconspicuous, up to 0.8 mm. long; petiole 0.4–6.5(–8) cm. long, glabrous; lamina ovate to lanceolate, sometimes with oblique basal part, 1.2–8(–12) cm. long, 0.8–4.5(–7) cm. wide, with rounded or cuneate base, margin with 5–15(–18) teeth, each tooth with straight or slightly convex sides, acute, never markedly apiculate, leaf-apex long-acuminate, with an apical tooth up to 1.5(– 2) cm. long; lateral nerves numerous, basal pair reaching the apical tooth or the 1st or 2nd tooth from apex before joining the upper lateral nerves, other lateral nerves in the lower 2/3 of lamina branch and dissolve into a network of fine nerves towards the edge of lamina; upper surface glabrous, with regularly scattered linear cystoliths, lower surface glabrous with hydatodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Inflorescences much branched, panicles with the flowers in small, diffuse cymose clusters; ♂ inflorescences on peduncles 1–2 cm. long, flowering part 1.5–4.5 cm. long, with 2–4 branches, clusters up to 7 mm. in diameter; ♀ inflorescences more lax than the ♂ ones, on 1–2 cm. long peduncles, flowering part 2–5.5 cm. long, with 3–6 branches, clusters ± 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Male flowers on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, tepals with subapicular appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Female flowers subsessile; perianth ± 0.8 mm. long, largest perianth-lobe lanceolate, acute, without appendage, the 2 lateral lobes only 1/2 as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Achene ovoid, compressed, 0.8–1 mm. long, sometimes with a flattened margin, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0001143660 morphology 06F09E4A-8713-4B01-A134-663DA687975F Fig. 9/A. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855475-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Perennial herb with prostrate and ascending stems, up to 0.6 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Stems juicy, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Leaves of a pair subequal; stipules ovate or triangular, prominent, brown, membranous, (1.5–)3–7.5(–8.5) mm. long, 0.8–4 mm. wide, base subcordate, apex rounded; petioles 0.3–8(–10) cm. long, glabrous or with a few scattered spreading hairs near the connection with lamina; lamina broadly ovate to ovate, rarely elliptic or lanceolate, (1–)1.5–8.5(–12.5) cm. long, (0.8–)l–7.5(–8.5) cm. wide, base cuneate, truncate or subcordate, margin serrate, with 6–24 teeth on each side, apex short-acuminate; lateral nerves 4–10, basal pair reaching 4th–7th(–10th) tooth from the apex; glabrous on both surfaces or with spreading hairs on the nerves on the lower surface, upper surface with regularly arranged linear cystoliths, lower surface sometimes with clearly marked hydatodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Inflorescences usually 2 together in the upper leaf-axils, always consisting of a ± pedunculate corymbose head, but sometimes with 2 side-branches below the head, rarely with repeated further branching under each head and up to 7 heads on each peduncle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Male inflorescences (heads) 5–12 mm. in diameter, on peduncles 0.8–6 cm. long; ♀ inflorescences (heads) subsessile or on peduncles 1–5 cm. long, 4–10 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Male flowers on pedicels 0.8–2 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, 4-merous; tepals with up to 0.5 mm. long subapical appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Female flowers subsessile; perianth 0.8(–l) mm. long, middle lobes the largest, with subapical appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0000473531 morphology C86CB1CC-CE2E-45ED-8871-BD29CEE7C424 Achene ovoid 0.8–1 mm. long, often with a ± marked flattened edge. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855502-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Erect or ascending perennial herb with conspicuous horizontal rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Stems juicy, often quadrangular, up to 80 cm. high, but sometimes ± entirely prostrate, glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Leaves of a pair subequal; stipules ovate, persistent, stiff and usually not hyaline, 5–9 mm. long, 2–5 mm. wide, with cordate base and rounded to blunt apex; petiole 1–6 cm. long, glabrescent; lamina circular (rarely ovate) to obovate, 1.1–9.5 cm. long, 0.7–6.3 cm. wide, base truncate to cuneate, margin in the apical 1/2–2/3 crenate to serrate, apex acute to broadly acute; lateral nerves (3–)5–9 pairs, basal pair reaching 2nd–3rd(–4th) tooth from apex, other lateral nerves little branched; upper and lower surface glabrous and of the same colour, upper surface with small, densely and regularly placed linear cystoliths in epidermis, lower surface with scattered hydatodes in epidermis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Male inflorescences single on glabrous peduncles 1–8 cm. long, flowers in cymose heads, 0.5–1.3 cm. in diameter; ♀ inflorescences on peduncles 1–3.5 cm. long, sometimes branched dichotomously under the first cymose head, with 1–2 lateral inflorescences; ♀ heads 0.5–0.9 cm. in diameter, with inconspicuous brown bracts at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Male flowers on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth 1–1.3 mm. in diameter, 3-merous, tepals with subapical swelling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Female flowers subsessile; perianth 0.8–1.5 mm. long, with 1 narrowly lanceolate perianth-segment and 2 much shorter lateral ones, the longest one with subapical swelling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Achene ovoid, compressed, ±1.5 mm. long, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143662 morphology F895420A-46C6-4B25-A5AD-ABF653525E6C Fig. 9/J, p. 32. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855435-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Perennial herb with prostrate and ascending stems, up to 0.4(–0.5) m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Stems juicy, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Leaves of a pair subequal or one with longer petiole than the other; stipules short, persistent but insignificant, broadly triangular to almost rim-like, up to 0.8 mm. long, translucent, whitish or greenish; petiole 0.5–4 cm. long, glabrous or with a few hairs at connection with lamina; lamina very variable in size and shape, from almost circular or broadly ovate to lanceolate or elongate, 1–11 cm. long, 1–4.5 cm. wide, base truncate to broadly cuneate, margin serrate, with 3–15 teeth on each side, apex rounded, acute or acuminate; lateral nerves 3–11 pairs, basal pair reaching 2nd–4th tooth from the apex; glabrous on both sides, or rarely with scattered stiff hairs above and spreading hairs on the nerves below, upper surface with regularly scattered linear cystoliths, lower surface with scattered hydatodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Inflorescences peduncular heads, usually 2 together in the upper leaf-axils, usually the 2 of a pair of the same sex; ♂ inflorescences globose cymose heads, 0.8–1.3 cm. in diameter, on peduncles 1.5–5.5 cm. long; ♀ inflorescences globose cymose heads, 0.4–0.6 cm. in diameter, on peduncles 0.8–1.4 cm. long, sometimes the inflorescence-axis branched 2–3 times below the primary head, so the inflorescence consists of up to 5 heads (rarely only 2, one above the other, as on an unbranched inflorescence-axis). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Male flowers on pedicels 0.8–1.4 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter; perianth 3-merous, tepals with subapical appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Female flowers subsessile; perianth ± 1 mm. long, one perianth-segment ± 1 mm. long, with a subapical appendage up to 0.8 mm. long, the 2 lateral perianth-segments very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0001143663 morphology 7DE48474-72F6-48ED-9510-F2B283860BE7 Achene ovoid, compressed, ± 0.8 mm. long, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:855876-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Perennial herb with creeping rhizomes, erect stems fleshy, up to 50 cm. high or sometimes more, up to ± 0.7 cm. in diameter at base, usually little branched, pilose to hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Leaves restricted to the upper half of the stem; stipules of reduced leaf similar in size and shape to those of the extant leaf, lanceolate, 8–10 mm. long, with a prominent nerve, which especially in the stipules of the extant leaves, can be discerned to consist of 2 fused nerves, glabrous, green, with translucent margin; petiole usually very short, never more than 0.5 cm. long; lamina obliquely ovate to elliptic, persistently fresh green to yellowish-green, 5–15 cm. long, proximal half of lamina 0.5–2.5 cm. wide, distal half of lamina 1–3.5 cm. wide, base acuminate on both sides of midnerve, margin serrate in the entire length, with (16–)25–40 teeth on distal half tooth, each terminated by a small tuft of hairs and/or a hydatodal gland, apex long acuminate; larger lateral nerves on the proximal side 5–10, on the distal side 5–8, basal lateral nerve on distal side reaching through half the length of lamina or less; upper surface with a few scattered hairs, linear cystoliths prominent, especially along the nerves, lower surface with stiff hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Inflorescences unisexual, often ♂ and ♀ ones on the same shoot, sessile or on peduncles up to 3 mm. long, in the axils of the extant leaves, rarely in the axils of the stipules of the reduced leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Male inflorescences densely cymose clusters, 0.5–0.8 cm. in diameter; bracts largely ovate, 1–2.5 mm. long, ciliate, bracteoles smaller, lanceolate; ♀ inflorescences with numerous minute flowers placed densely together on the flattened axis, often 4-lobed so as to appear cross-shaped, 10–15 mm. in diameter, bracts ovate to triangular, ± 1.5 mm. long, pilose to pubescent, bracteoles lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Male flowers on pedicels 2–3 mm. long; perianth ±1.5 mm. in diameter, 5-merous; tepals pilose, with a short subapical appendage, up to 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Female flowers shortly pedicellate, pedicel lengthening during and/or after anthesis; perianth very reduced, consisting of 3–4 tiny ciliate lobes at the base of the ovary; ovary ± 0.5 mm. long, shortly stipitate, ovoid; stigma penicillate; staminodal scales ± half as long as achene. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Achene on a fruiting pedicel ± 1 mm. long, with 4–6 fine longitudinal lines or ridges, 0.5–0.7 mm. long, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000666214 morphology 9F49C0A0-78FF-4A45-A6A0-1BC45DCD7D26 Fig. 10/A, p. 40. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852271-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Perennial herb with creeping rhizomes, each ending in one or a few erect stems up to 50 cm. high, occasionally up to 1 m., usually unbranched, pubescent in the upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Leaves restricted to the uppermost part of the erect stems; stipules slightly dimorphic, those of the extant leaf slightly shorter and wider than those of the reduced leaf, glabrescent, brownish, transparent when dry, often with traces of 2 midnerves, stipule of reduced leaf linear–lanceolate, (5–)6–9(–12) mm. long, long-acuminate with filiform apex; petiole absent or rarely up to 0.5 cm. long; lamina obliquely and broadly obovate to elliptic, (3.5–)7–12(–14) cm. long, proximal half 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, distal half 1–2.5 cm. wide, base asymmetrically cuneate or the distal side subcordate, margin serrate on the distal side, with (12–) 16–22 teeth, on the proximal side fewer, apex acute to acuminate; prominent lateral nerves 5–6 on the distal side, 3–4 on the proximal side, basal lateral nerve on distal side reaching less than half through the length of the lamina; upper surface of lamina usually glabrous, occasionally with a few scattered stiff hairs, numerous linear cystoliths clearly visible from above, at least in dried material, lower surface pubescent to strigose on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Male and ♀ inflorescences frequently on the same shoot, axillary, sessile or subsessile; ♂ inflorescences up to 1.5 cm. in diameter, bracts broadly ovate, 3–5 mm. wide, acute to acuminate, ciliate, bracteoles lanceolate, ciliate, ±1 mm. wide; ♀ inflorescences 1–1.2 cm. in diameter, with numerous flowers, bracts lanceolate, 1–2 mm. wide, ciliate, bracteoles linear-lanceolate, densely pilose, which gives the entire ♀ inflorescence a greyish appearance. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Male flowers on pedicels ± 2 mm. long; perianth ±1.5 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, tepals glabrescent, with a ± 1 mm. long subapical appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Female flowers on short pedicels, elongating during or after anthesis; perianth reduced to 3–4 small ciliate lobes, ovary ± 0.8 mm. long, with penicillate stigma; staminodal scales ± as long as achene. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Achene ± 1 mm. long on pedicels, ± 1 mm. long, pale brown, smooth or with faint, interrupted longitudinal sculpturing or longitudinal lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665905 morphology FF31D806-A638-4043-8E24-ABDC136A45AD Fig. 10/B. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852070-1 wfo-0000665862 morphology BE38A726-2E19-4CEE-876A-888D65629B5E Annual or apparently perennial herbs, apparently dioecious, rarely monoecious, sometimes flowering shortly after germination on erect stems, 5–10 cm. tall, fixed to the substratum by fibrous roots, or on ascending stems from a prostrate rhizome, up to 30 cm. high, pubescent to densely pilose on the upper part of the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852040-1 wfo-0000665862 morphology BE38A726-2E19-4CEE-876A-888D65629B5E Leaves mainly on the upper half of the stems; stipules lanceolate, the ones of the reduced leaf rather like those of the extant leaf, but separated less than 180° from them on the stem, (l–)2–4(–5) mm. long, persistent; petiole usually almost absent, rarely up to 0.3 mm. long, pubescent; lamina obovate to lanceolate, 1.5–6(–8.5) cm. long, proximal half 0.3–1.2 cm. wide, distal half 0.5–1.5 cm. wide, base very oblique, on proximal side cuneate, on distal side auriculate or subcordate, margin serrate, distal margin with 5–10 teeth, proximal side with fewer, apex rounded, acute or acuminate, sometimes caudate; prominent lateral nerves on the distal side 3–4, on the proximal side 2–4, basal lateral nerve reaching through more than half the length of lamina before arching towards the midnerve; above with scattered stiff hairs, rarely glabrous, numerous linear cystoliths clearly visible, lower surface with stiff hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852040-1 wfo-0000665862 morphology BE38A726-2E19-4CEE-876A-888D65629B5E Inflorescences sessile, unisexual, axillary, sometimes contiguous near the top of the stem; ♂ inflorescence ± 0.5(–0.8) cm. in diameter; bracts lanceolate, obtuse, 1–2(–2.5) mm. wide, ciliate, bracteoles smaller, ciliate; ♀ inflorescences ± 0.5 cm. in diameter (or ?more), bracts lanceolate to oblong, ± 1 mm. wide, sparsely ciliate, bracteoles linear-spathulate, ciliate in upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852040-1 wfo-0000665862 morphology BE38A726-2E19-4CEE-876A-888D65629B5E Male flowers on pedicels 1.5–2 mm. long; perianth ± 1.5 mm. in diameter, (3–)4-merous, tepals glabrescent, with subapical appendage 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852040-1 wfo-0000665862 morphology BE38A726-2E19-4CEE-876A-888D65629B5E Female flowers probably sessile or subsessile at first, later with elongated pedicel; 3 perianth-segments, extremely reduced; hyaline staminodal scales 3; ovary with linear stripes or fine ridges or almost smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852040-1 wfo-0000665862 morphology BE38A726-2E19-4CEE-876A-888D65629B5E Fig. 10/C–H. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852040-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Perennial herbaceous plants with short, thick and fleshy rhizomatous part, 2 cm. in diameter or more; reported to be monoecious, but no material to confirm this has been seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Stems fleshy, 1–2 cm. thick when fresh, but shrinking to 4–5 mm. when dry, glabrous, unbranched, arising from the thick rhizomes, reaching a height of 50 cm. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Leaves of a pair very unequal, soon falling, the smaller one usually long before the larger one; stipules completely fused, broadly triangular, 1–2 mm. long, obtuse; petiole very short, rarely up to 5 mm. long, passing gradually into the cuneate leaf-base; lamina lanceolate to oblanceolate, widest near or slightly above the middle, slightly asymmetrical, small leaves usually less than 0.8 cm. long and 0.2 m. wide, large leaves 7–15 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, base long-cuneate, slightly asymmetrical, margin serrate to crenate, rarely subentire, with up to ± 8 poorly marked teeth or crenations, apex long acuminate; lateral nerves in 6–10 pairs, not opposite, almost equally strongly developed; glabrous on both sides, cystoliths elongate, visible on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Male inflorescences (rare in herbarium material and not seen from Flora area) consist of a single few-flowered cluster, up to 0.5 cm. in diameter, on a peduncle 8–10 mm. long; ♀ inflorescences consist of clusters on peduncles 1–5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. thick, each cluster 2–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Male flowers on pedicels 1–2 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, (4–)5-merous, with corniculate tepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Female flowers sessile; perianth 4–5-merous, tepals subequal, persistent; ovary erect, with a sessile penicillate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Achene ovoid, hardly compressed, ± 1 mm. long, partly enclosed in the persistent perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000472778 morphology F98D004D-E6B6-46CE-9544-C9711270672A Fig. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856286-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Shrubby or herbaceous perennial plant, monoecious, up to 2–3 m. high, with rather thick unbranched stems, or with long, often overhanging, thinner branches from the underground parts, rarely a small, much branched shrub with slender woody stems; wood of stems juicy or firm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Branches glabrous, pubescent or tomentose, especially in the terminal parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Leaves opposite, sometimes the 2 of a pair of unequal size; stipules lateral, membranous, brown, up to ± 8 mm. long, lanceolate to narrowly triangular, puberulous on the nerves; petiole 2.5–15 cm. long, glabrous, pubescent or tomentose; lamina ovate to lanceolate, 4–20(–25) cm. long, 2.5–12(–l5) cm. wide, base subcordate, truncate, rounded or cuneate, margin serrate, with 15–35 teeth on each side, sometimes without teeth in the basal 1/3, apex acuminate, sometimes almost caudate, tip up to 1.5 cm. long; lateral nerves 3–7 pairs, basal pair prominent, reaching the terminal 1/3 part of lamina before arching towards the midnerve and anastomosing with the upper lateral nerves, rarely ending in the 5th–10th tooth from apex; upper surface glabrescent, scabrid, pubescent or tomentose, with punctiform cystoliths visible, lower surface glabrescent to tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Inflorescences unisexual, rarely with a few flowers of the other sex intermixed, single in the upper leaf-axils, appearing as interrupted spikes, 5–50 cm. long, with the flowers in sessile, dense clusters, spaced 2–6 mm., each young glomerule supported by a caducous bract. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Male flowers in glomerules 2–4 mm. in diameter, sessile or subsessile; perianth 4-merous, ± 1 mm. in diameter, tepals with a ± pronounced dorsal gibbosity, apiculate, often with hooked hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Female flowers in glomerules 3–5 mm. in diameter, more in fruit, sessile; tubular perianth glabrescent or pubescent, with 2 clearly marked apical teeth, ± 1 mm. long; stigma 1–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Achene enclosed in the persistent perianth, ± 2 mm. long, glabrescent to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-0000567589 morphology 57C5D348-8487-4C97-AC77-062E1EFBF8B6 Fig. 12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850659-1 wfo-4000013785 morphology 4A72E31F-7C32-498F-8E06-3CD2441BBD0A Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326342-2 wfo-4000013785 morphology 4A72E31F-7C32-498F-8E06-3CD2441BBD0A Leaves alternate or rosulate, entire or lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326342-2 wfo-4000013785 morphology 4A72E31F-7C32-498F-8E06-3CD2441BBD0A Capitula solitary or few together on terminal peduncles, radiate; receptacle flat, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326342-2 wfo-4000013785 morphology 4A72E31F-7C32-498F-8E06-3CD2441BBD0A Ray florets 1–2-seriate, female; disc florets many, hermaphrodite or the outermost female, tubular or funnel-shaped with 5 lobes, style-appendages lanceolate to broadly triangular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326342-2 wfo-4000013785 morphology 4A72E31F-7C32-498F-8E06-3CD2441BBD0A Achenes terete or compressed; pappus mostly double, an outer row of scales (sometimes absent), an inner row of fine bristles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326342-2 wfo-4000013785 distribution 4A72E31F-7C32-498F-8E06-3CD2441BBD0A About 200 species, nearly all in N America and Eurasia. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326342-2 wfo-4000024112 morphology FBD1D1FB-9F92-4178-B309-3740193932B8 Shrubs or climbers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10040-1 wfo-4000024112 morphology FBD1D1FB-9F92-4178-B309-3740193932B8 Leaves alternate, simple, entire or serrate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10040-1 wfo-4000024112 morphology FBD1D1FB-9F92-4178-B309-3740193932B8 Capitula in ± paniculate corymbs or cymes, the individual capitula heterogamous, radiate (but the ray sometimes very inconspicuous); phyllaries multiseriate, the outermost shortest; receptacle flat, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10040-1 wfo-4000024112 morphology FBD1D1FB-9F92-4178-B309-3740193932B8 Ray florets female, 3–4-seriate, the rays white, short and very narrow, 2–3-toothed at the apex; disc florets few to many, hermaphrodite, tube cylindric proximally, distally campanulate with 5 recurved lobes; anthers obtuse at base, with an ovate appendage at the apex; style arms linear in ray florets but in disc florets lanceolate or conical distally and papillose around the distal part urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10040-1 wfo-4000024112 morphology FBD1D1FB-9F92-4178-B309-3740193932B8 Achenes narrowly turbinate, slightly 4-ribbed, slightly compressed, pubescent; pappus 1-seriate, of many very slender barbellate setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10040-1 wfo-4000026102 morphology 12E0D237-6AAB-4CFE-9597-576C1ADD0FF2 Herbs, annual or perennial urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10204-1 wfo-4000026102 morphology 12E0D237-6AAB-4CFE-9597-576C1ADD0FF2 Leaves alternate, simple, entire or variously dentate/lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10204-1 wfo-4000026102 morphology 12E0D237-6AAB-4CFE-9597-576C1ADD0FF2 Capitula small, numerous in dense corymbs, disciform or radiate with inconspicuous rays, many-flowered; phyllaries 1–3-seriate, subequal, glandular and pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10204-1 wfo-4000026102 morphology 12E0D237-6AAB-4CFE-9597-576C1ADD0FF2 Florets yellow; ray florets female, 1–many-seriate, with (sometimes without) a short ray, the style with linear branches; disc florets hermaphrodite, rarely functionally male, the upper part of the tube infundibuliform and usually puberulous, 5-lobed, anthers and style included; anthers obtuse at base and appendiculate at the apex; style bifid with broadly triangular and papillose branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10204-1 wfo-4000026102 morphology 12E0D237-6AAB-4CFE-9597-576C1ADD0FF2 Achenes oblong-obovoid, somewhat compressed, mostly pubescent and often glandular; pappus uniseriate, of slender, barbellate bristles, shorter than the florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10204-1 wfo-4000009205 morphology 692C6D83-63B3-49AD-8E16-A39FD172D4AD Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331513-2 wfo-4000009205 morphology 692C6D83-63B3-49AD-8E16-A39FD172D4AD Leaves alternate or in a rosette, entire to pinnatifid, usually with semi-amplexicaul base, usually with serrate or dentate margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331513-2 wfo-4000009205 morphology 692C6D83-63B3-49AD-8E16-A39FD172D4AD Capitula disciform or shortly radiate, united in cymes, these in turn united in corymbose or paniculate inflorescences, rarely solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331513-2 wfo-4000009205 morphology 692C6D83-63B3-49AD-8E16-A39FD172D4AD Marginal florets many, in several rows, tubular and filiform, sometimes with a short ray, white or yellow, the style with short linear branches; central florets hermaphrodite, usually few, yellow or white, tube cylindrical proximally and infundibuliform distally, 5-lobed; anthers obtuse at base, distally with triangular appendages; style branch appendages lanceolate to triangular and papillose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331513-2 wfo-4000009205 morphology 692C6D83-63B3-49AD-8E16-A39FD172D4AD Achenes sometimes compressed, usually pubescent, ribbed; pappus uniseriate, of many fine barbellate setae, often fragile. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331513-2 wfo-4000031757 morphology 835B2FAE-4479-4E06-943C-38E9107D2D81 Shrubs or small trees, rarely climbers (not in East Africa); stems glandular and viscid when young urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10721-1 wfo-4000031757 morphology 835B2FAE-4479-4E06-943C-38E9107D2D81 Leaves alternate, often viscid, entire or serrulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10721-1 wfo-4000031757 morphology 835B2FAE-4479-4E06-943C-38E9107D2D81 Capitula in terminal corymbs, disciform or radiate; phyllaries in several series, the outermost smallest, imbricate; receptacle naked or with scale-like projections urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10721-1 wfo-4000031757 morphology 835B2FAE-4479-4E06-943C-38E9107D2D81 Marginal florets in 1 to several rows, with ray or 2–3-dentate; central florets functionally male, tube narrowly funnel-shaped, anthers with obtuse base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10721-1 wfo-4000031757 morphology 835B2FAE-4479-4E06-943C-38E9107D2D81 Achenes scarcely compressed, 3–10-ribbed, pubescent; pappus of uniseriate barbellate setae, very shortly united at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10721-1 wfo-4000002393 morphology 025DAB6D-92AE-4AE6-9DA7-D34E3EFC8382 Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329022-2 wfo-4000002393 morphology 025DAB6D-92AE-4AE6-9DA7-D34E3EFC8382 Leaves alternate, pinnatisect to variously lobed, occasionally entire; indument frequently of dolabriform (axe-shaped) hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329022-2 wfo-4000002393 morphology 025DAB6D-92AE-4AE6-9DA7-D34E3EFC8382 Capitula solitary or laxly corymbose, radiate or discoid; receptacle paleate, rarely epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329022-2 wfo-4000002393 morphology 025DAB6D-92AE-4AE6-9DA7-D34E3EFC8382 Ray florets female or neuter; disc florets with a tube much swollen in fruit, and 5 lobes; anthers included or nearly so urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329022-2 wfo-4000002393 morphology 025DAB6D-92AE-4AE6-9DA7-D34E3EFC8382 Achenes usually turbinate, smooth to ribbed, thick-walled; pappus a shallow crown or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329022-2 wfo-4000021491 morphology 335D4518-7792-45FC-B0EB-85AA8935210A Perennial herbs; stems erect or procumbent, usually branched; roots red-tipped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008707-2 wfo-4000021491 morphology 335D4518-7792-45FC-B0EB-85AA8935210A Leaves alternate, entire to pinnate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008707-2 wfo-4000021491 morphology 335D4518-7792-45FC-B0EB-85AA8935210A Capitula solitary, rarely in lax corymbs, terminal, radiate, heterogamous; phyllaries imbricate, 2–3-seriate; receptacle convex or flat, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008707-2 wfo-4000021491 morphology 335D4518-7792-45FC-B0EB-85AA8935210A Ray florets female, the ray white or pink, less often the outer florets tubular and hermaphroditic or female, rayless and yellow; disc florets hermaphroditic, yellow, the corolla tube spongy and swollen in fruit, especially beneath, with 5 lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008707-2 wfo-4000021491 morphology 335D4518-7792-45FC-B0EB-85AA8935210A Achenes homomorphic, oblong-cylindrical, usually 10-ribbed, with mucilaginous cells and secretory canals between the ribs; pappus a crown or an adaxial auricle, sometimes rudimentary or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008707-2 wfo-4000009479 morphology 3B65C4E1-2BE2-491B-9A99-85217308C0EF Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30017050-2 wfo-4000009479 morphology 3B65C4E1-2BE2-491B-9A99-85217308C0EF Leaves alternate, sometimes opposite or rosulate, pinnatisect, lobed, or sometimes entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30017050-2 wfo-4000009479 morphology 3B65C4E1-2BE2-491B-9A99-85217308C0EF Capitula solitary, pedunculate, heterogamous, disciform, discoid, or rarely radiate with short rays; capitulum stalk sometimes inflated below the capitulum; involucre hemispherical, the phyllaries few-seriate, these slightly unequal, with scarious margins; receptacle flat to conical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30017050-2 wfo-4000009479 morphology 3B65C4E1-2BE2-491B-9A99-85217308C0EF Outer florets 1–multi-seriate, female, fertile, generally stalked, with short tube or no tube at all; disc florets hermaphrodite or some sterile intermixed, with (3–)4 lobes, sometimes saccate beneath, the lobes with resin canals, sometimes one lobe expanded to a radiate limb; anthers included, the bases obtuse; style ± included, the branches truncate or obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30017050-2 wfo-4000009479 morphology 3B65C4E1-2BE2-491B-9A99-85217308C0EF Achenes dorsiventrally flattened, often laterally winged, usually with hairs; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30017050-2 wfo-4000034383 morphology CD77F249-A906-4C83-8DF3-DCBB233ECDD3 Herbs or small shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10936-1 wfo-4000034383 morphology CD77F249-A906-4C83-8DF3-DCBB233ECDD3 Leaves alternate, pinnatisect or lobed, occasionally entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10936-1 wfo-4000034383 morphology CD77F249-A906-4C83-8DF3-DCBB233ECDD3 Capitula terminal in corymbs, occasionally solitary, disciform or discoid; receptacle convex or conical, epaleate; phyllaries multi-seriate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10936-1 wfo-4000034383 morphology CD77F249-A906-4C83-8DF3-DCBB233ECDD3 Outer florets female, fertile, tubular, stalked; inner florets tubular, 4-lobed, anthers obtuse at the bases, style branches truncate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10936-1 wfo-4000034383 morphology CD77F249-A906-4C83-8DF3-DCBB233ECDD3 Achenes dorsiventrally flattened, slightly angled, glabrous, with 2(–4) vascular strands; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10936-1 wfo-4000003144 morphology 150C26A7-087B-4FB1-8604-E8CC6D9EF179 Annual or perennial herbs and shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001021-2 wfo-4000003144 morphology 150C26A7-087B-4FB1-8604-E8CC6D9EF179 Leaves usually aromatic, variously dissected, rarely entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001021-2 wfo-4000003144 morphology 150C26A7-087B-4FB1-8604-E8CC6D9EF179 Capitula many, pendulous, usually in a large panicle but occasionally much reduced and racemose or spiciform, disciform; phyllaries few, in few series, subequal; receptacle flat or conical, naked, occasionally pilose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001021-2 wfo-4000003144 morphology 150C26A7-087B-4FB1-8604-E8CC6D9EF179 Outer florets female, tubular, 2–3-toothed or truncate, usually oblique at the mouth, sometimes filiform; inner florets hermaphrodite or functionally male, tubular, 5-lobed; anthers obtuse at the base, with lanceolate to subulate distal appendage; style branches truncate or penicillate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001021-2 wfo-4000003144 morphology 150C26A7-087B-4FB1-8604-E8CC6D9EF179 Achenes obovoid, sub-cylindrical, usually glabrous; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001021-2 wfo-4000027409 morphology 6C9D130B-27BF-4A6F-8D5E-377EECFECAF0 Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10323-1 wfo-4000027409 morphology 6C9D130B-27BF-4A6F-8D5E-377EECFECAF0 Leaves alternate or less often opposite, sometimes in a rosette, petiolate or sessile, entire or variously divided up to bipinnatipartite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10323-1 wfo-4000027409 morphology 6C9D130B-27BF-4A6F-8D5E-377EECFECAF0 Capitula solitary and terminal or arranged in terminal corymbose cymes or rarely racemes, heterogamous, radiate; phyllaries free, 1–3(–4)-seriate; receptacle flat or slightly convex, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10323-1 wfo-4000027409 morphology 6C9D130B-27BF-4A6F-8D5E-377EECFECAF0 Ray florets with a short tube and a narrow oblong ray, this rounded and minutely 3-dentate distally, staminodes sometimes present; style linear, glabrous, with long linear obtuse branches with stigmatose swellings along the margins; disc florets with a gradually widening tube, 5-lobed; anthers sagittate at the base with ± tailed auricles, with ovate apical appendage; style shallowly cleft, the lobes connate, with a collar of sweeping hairs at or slightly below the bifurcation, papillae absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10323-1 wfo-4000027409 morphology 6C9D130B-27BF-4A6F-8D5E-377EECFECAF0 Achenes hard, straight or slightly incurved, triangular or terete, sometimes 3–9-ridged, smooth, rugose or tuberculate, with or without wings, without or rarely with a rostrum; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10323-1 wfo-4000008175 morphology 8D263E3E-1074-4923-8D00-16DD8FF2E388 Unarmed or spinescent shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8281-1 wfo-4000008175 morphology 8D263E3E-1074-4923-8D00-16DD8FF2E388 Leaves alternate, petiolate, entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8281-1 wfo-4000008175 morphology 8D263E3E-1074-4923-8D00-16DD8FF2E388 Inflorescence of solitary capitula or of few capitula together in a corymb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8281-1 wfo-4000008175 morphology 8D263E3E-1074-4923-8D00-16DD8FF2E388 Capitula radiate; involucre broadly campanulate; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, with scarious margins; receptacle glabrous or pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8281-1 wfo-4000008175 morphology 8D263E3E-1074-4923-8D00-16DD8FF2E388 Ray florets female, fertile, with a short tube and a 4-veined yellow ray with 3 minute lobes distally, 4 staminodes, and a filiform style with obtuse branches; disc florets functionally male with a glandular-hairy tube and 5 ovate-triangular lobes; anthers with sagittate base, apically with ovate appendage; ovary oblong-linear, style minutely bifid, glandular, the arms pilose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8281-1 wfo-4000008175 morphology 8D263E3E-1074-4923-8D00-16DD8FF2E388 Fruit a globose drupe, shiny blue or black, with a hard globose or ellipsoid endocarp with a smooth surface or with raised nerves; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8281-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Annual or shortly perennial monocarpic herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Stem branched or unbranched, conspicuously 4-angled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Leaves opposite, with (1–)3–7(–9) parallel nerves converging at base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, dichotomously branched cymes, sometimes flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Flowers 4–5-merous, regular or irregular, blue to violet, sometimes white urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Calyx divided to the base, zygomorphic, winged at the keel, wings finely veined urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Corolla tube campanulate or broadly cylindrical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Filaments inserted on the corolla tube; anthers dehiscing by apical pores which extend gradually into longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Ovary bilocular with axial placentation; ovules numerous; style filiform, subulate; stigma capitate, bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Capsule ellipsoid to obovoid, septicidally dehiscing, breaking open at base of style, bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000014426 morphology 8958E0F9-8E5B-44E0-9D4F-B6B7E656C4F5 Seeds numerous; surface reticulate-pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16557-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Annual or perennial herbs, rarely parasitic or saprophytic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Stem erect or procumbent, simple or branched from the base, usually 4-angled, angles smooth, winged or not; sometimes with highly congested internodes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Leaves well developed or extremely reduced and scale-like (in saprophytic and parasitic taxa), opposite, sessile, shortly petiolate or amplexicaul urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Inflorescences terminal, flowers solitary or cymose, sometimes dichotomously or dichasially branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Flowers pedicellate, 4–5-merous, sometimes heterostylous, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Calyx lobes free to the base or sometimes forming a short tube, linear-lanceolate to ovate or obovate, dorsally winged; wings scabrid-denticulate, acute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Corolla contorted in bud; tube funnel-shaped or cylindric; lobes ovate, obovate or elliptic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Filaments inserted on the corolla tube or in the sinuses of the corolla lobes; anthers often oblong, exserted or included, with or without 1 stipitate apical and two minute basal glands urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Ovary ovoid or obovoid or ± globose, bilocular; style exserted or included, often with swelling (secondary stigma) at the base or middle of its length, or long or short in the same taxon; stigma capitate or clavate, bilobed or entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Capsule ovoid or obovoid, membranous or coriaceous, bivalved, dehiscence septicidal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000034902 morphology 9AD5558F-326C-437B-B530-5651D7E74311 Seeds minute, numerous, surface pitted, ± slightly reticulate or with ridge-like outgrowths. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16717-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Stem simple to highly branched at inflorescence, 4-angled, angles smooth, narrowly winged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Inflorescences extremely congested, many-flowered cymes, clustered at leaf axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Flowers 8-merous, regular, sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Calyx with short tube and 8 teeth; teeth linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, acuminate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Corolla persistent in fruit; tube cylindrical; lobes spatulate to obovate, apex deeply notched, never truncate, with filiform awn arising from median of notch urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Stamens overtopping stigma; filaments inserted on corolla tube; anthers free, oblong, apiculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Ovary unilocular; style distinct urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Capsule bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000039849 morphology 7BAC4560-2492-4C11-8F89-D508F3B56593 Seeds numerous, surface distinctly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16756-1 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Annual or perennial herb, sometimes suffrutescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Stem simple or branched from the base, erect, robust, glabrous or rarely covered by minute hairs, 4-angled, ridges narrowly winged, wings minutely scabrid-denticulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Leaves sessile, opposite, usually glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Inflorescences axillary, very congested and proliferating (polytelic), flowers maturing acropetally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Flowers (3–)5(–6)-merous, sessile, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Calyx tubular; lobes unequal, margin scabrid-denticulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Corolla tube distinct; lobes shorter than the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Filaments with two coronas of scales (hoods) at the base, inserted on the corolla tube; anthers oblong, versatile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Ovary ellipsoid, 2-locular; style subulate; stigma ± capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Capsule ellisoid or obovoid, dehiscing septicidally, bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000013462 morphology C226AAA8-6BE9-46E2-BAC6-FF2108B8225A Seeds numerous, ± globose, surface reticulate-pitted to ± reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331590-2 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Annual or perennial herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Stem 4-angled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Leaves opposite, the basal ones differing from the cauline ones urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Inflorescences axillary or terminal, few- to many-flowered cymes (rarely uniflowered cymes) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Flowers 4-merous, sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Calyx tubular, 8–12 ribbed; lobes 3-nerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Corolla tube cylindric or funnel-shaped; lobes ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Filaments inserted on the corolla tube, filiform, slightly unequal; anthers oblong-ellipsoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Ovary oblong-ovoid, unilocular; ovules numerous; style filiform; stigma bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Capsule bivalved, membranous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000026049 morphology 7DA7A711-82B2-49E2-A26C-762F1DD1785A Seed surface reticulate-pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16653-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Annual herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Stem erect, slender, usually branched, 4-angled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Leaves sessile, opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Inflorescences axillary, proliferating urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Flowers 4-merous, ± sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Calyx tube cylindrical, papyraceous; segments acuminate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Corolla tube cylindrical; lobes ovate, much shorter than the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Filaments inserted into the corolla tube; anthers narrowly ellipsoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Ovary unilocular, ellipsoid or oblong; ovules numerous; style filiform; stigma bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Capsule bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000009126 morphology 76A92B66-08C3-4833-99C9-321876F658E0 Seeds numerous, surface reticulate-pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16512-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Stem erect to creeping, branched or unbranched, 4-angled, angles usually narrowly winged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Sepals linear-lanceolate, 4–6 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, acute, 5–7-nerved, hirsute to glabrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Petals 1.5 times as long as the sepals, 5–8 mm. long, retuse, narrowly cuneate, connate in the middle to form a tube above the free bases, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Filaments almost free at the base; long filaments hairy, the short ones glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Ovary deeply 5-lobed, globose and hairy; styles of varying length in relation to the stamens, making the flowers trimorphic heterostylous, hairy; stigma laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Capsule 3 mm. long and 2 mm. in diameter, pubescent or glabrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Seeds up to 5 per locule, small, rounded, ± 0.5 mm. in diameter, largely transversely ridged, light brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565517 morphology C8F8287F-9242-484F-97DA-168F5CDF5862 Fig. 2/B, p. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371960-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Acaulescent perennial herb, with a thickened woody hairy rootstock; rootstock not more than 2 cm. long and 12 mm. in diameter, truncate, shortly divided, with many leaves crowded at the top; taproot simple, ± 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Leaves almost sessile, 6–17 cm. long and 12–15 mm. wide, 8–16-jugate; rhachis densely hairy to subhirsute; leaflets subsessile, ± rectangular-oblong, 2–12 mm. long, 2–6 mm. wide, rounded to subacute at the apex, widely cuneate to rounded at the base, pubescent on both surfaces and margin or glabrate, prominently nerved beneath with the ascending lateral nerves making an acute angle with the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Flowers white, yellow or pink to mauve with orange centre, in pedunculate, 3–10-flowered pseu-dumbels; peduncles as long as or longer than the leaves, subhirsute; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, acuminate, 1-nerved, pubescent; pedicels slender, l.5–4(–10) mm. long, articulated above the point of insertion, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3–4.5 mm. long, acute to shortly acuminate, 3–5-nerved, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Petals about twice as long as the sepals, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Filaments shortly connate at the base; short filaments up to 1.5 mm., the long ones 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Ovary 5-lobed; styles in flowers seen are intermediate in length between the 2 filament whorls, thus flowers are mid-styled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Capsule ellipsoid, 2.2 mm. long, 1.8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Seeds flattened-ellipsoid, 0.8 mm. long, brown, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565486 morphology D5D995CB-B922-46AA-8B86-45739EE49D9E Fig. 3/D, p. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663028-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Perennial herb with a thickened woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Leaves in 1(–3) rosettes ± at ground-level, 2–12 cm. long, 4–10-jugate, sensitive; rhachis pubescent; leaflets obliquely subcircular, 2–8 mm. long, 2–7.5 mm. wide, the largest in the middle, rounded to bluntly pointed at the apex, truncate at the dase, with many lateral nerves which form an acute angle with the midrib, glabrous except for the ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Flowers yellow, in 3–8-flowered pedunculate pseudumbels; peduncles short, 1–3.5 cm. long, glandular pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Sepals narrowly lanceolate, 6–7 mm. long, 6–8 nerved, glandular pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Petals spathulate, 7–8 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Filaments almost free to the base; short filaments 1 mm. long, the long ones 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Ovary 5-lobed; styles pilose, longer than or in between the 2 filament whorls, thus flowers are long-styled or mid-styled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Seeds flattened-ellipsoid, up to 1.3 mm. long, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565509 morphology 9D9AAEDA-7B44-47F4-A88F-389739D6FCE6 Fig. 3/B, p. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:663042-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Perennial herb, with a thickened woody brown rootstock; rootstock 1–2 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. in diameter, truncate, simple or divided to bear up to 4 rosettes of leaves ± at ground-level; taproot vertical, subwoody, up to 2 mm.in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Leaves shortly petiolate, 6–18 cm. long and 13–15 mm. wide, 6–17-jugate; rhachis sparsely pilose or glabrate; leaflets obliquely subcircular, obovate or subreniform, 2.5–11 mm. long, 2–7 mm. wide, the terminal ones the largest in mature leaves, rounded at the apex, truncate at the base, glabrous except at the ciliate margin, paler and prominently nerved beneath; lateral nerves in 4–6 pairs, spreading and bifurcating towards the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Flowers orange-yellow or reddish, in 4–6-flowered pedunculate pseudumbels; peduncles shorter or slightly longer than the leaves, erect and appressed hairy; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3 mm. long, long-acuminate, 1–3-nerved, pubescent; pedicels slender, 2–4(–6) mm. long, mostly hidden by the bracts, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Sepals linear-lanceolate, (3.5–)5–6 mm. long, 5–9-nerved, acute, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Corolla up to 9 mm. long, glabrous or with white to brown hairs in the throat; petals narrowly cuneate, rounded to retuse at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Filaments shortly connate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Ovary deeply 5-lobed; styles hairy, of varying length in relation to the filaments, making the flowers trimorphic hetero-stylous; stigmas laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Capsule ovoid-ellipsoid, 2–3 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Seeds subglobose, small, ± 0.5 mm. long, transversely tuberculate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000565454 morphology B5B0771C-65B7-4557-985E-110CBBDD85B0 Fig. 3/A. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371950-1 wfo-0000482088 morphology 4BB51A1A-11F2-425E-B5AB-5FB240AD182E A South American species, has been grown as an ornamental tree at various places in East Africa, e.g. Uganda, Entebbe Botanic Gardens, Chandler 1143 !,Kenya, Marsabit, T. Adamson in E.A.H. 11304!, Nairobi Arboretum, G. R. Williams 329 !, Tanganyika, Morogoro, Wigg 976! Dale, Introd. Trees Ug.: 55 (1953) is rather disparaging of it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676348-1 wfo-0000482088 morphology 4BB51A1A-11F2-425E-B5AB-5FB240AD182E Apart from its habit, it may be further distinguished from P. dodecandra by the 20–30 stamens, the broader glabrous sepals, the more marked differentiation of the flowers (the staminodes being quite small or lacking in the female flowers) and the fruits with less divergent carpels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676348-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 A semi-succulent straggling or scrambling shrub up to 4 m., sometimes climbing up to 6–9(–18) m., glabrous or less commonly crisped pubescent on the vegetative parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Leaf-blades ovate to elliptic, 6–15 cm. long, 3–8.5(–10) cm. wide, narrowed to a prominently and ultimately recurved mucronate tip, cuneate, rounded or cordate to the shortly decurrent unequal-sided base, glossy, with translucent margins (at least when dry); crystals visible as short raised lines and dots on the younger leaves; primary lateral nerves 4–8 on either side; petioles mostly 1.5–4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Racemes shortly pedunculate, ± 15–30(–40) cm. long, subdensely very many-flowered, usually crisped pubescent except often towards the base; bracts subulate to linear-lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long; pedicels 1.5–5(–10) mm. long, longest in long-staminate flowers, with small bracteoles near the middle or above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Flowers dimorphic, scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Long-staminate flowers white or cream; stamens (10–)12–15; filaments 3–4(–5) mm. long; anthers oblong-elliptic, 0.8–1.2 mm. long; carpels ± half as long as the filaments and only very rarely developing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Short-staminate flowers yellowish-green; stamens 8–15, with 1–1.5 mm. long filaments and rather smaller anthers; carpels (4–)5(–8), obliquely flattened-ovoid, united only at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Sepals triangular-lanceolate to ± oblong or ovate-oblong, bluntly pointed, 2–3 mm. long, slightly fleshy, pubescent at least along the margins, becoming reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Berry bluntly star-shaped in outline, the free part of the swollen carpels spreading, with the style-bases at the points, becoming more rounded, juicy and ripening orange or red, 5–8 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Seeds lenticular, 2.5–3(?–4) mm. across, papillate and striate towards the hilum, glossy black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000482089 morphology 1B9E7A33-7869-475E-9420-C800AA4A4883 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676349-1 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA A semi-succulent bushy herb 1–2 m. tall, glabrous on the vegetative parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Leaf-blades elliptic-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, (5–)7–18 cm. long, (1.5–)2.5–6 cm. wide, pointed and with a recurved mucro, cuneate, decurrent and unequal-sided at the base, very narrowly translucent at the margin; crystals visible as short raised lines and dots on the younger leaves; primary lateral nerves 6–10 on either side; petiole 1–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Racemes shortly pedunculate, 6–15(–23) cm. long, subdensely many-flowered, thinly crisped pubescent on the rhachis; bracts subulate or linear-caudate, 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long, with narrow bracteoles from the lower part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Flowers hermaphrodite, whitish or yellowish-green, the sepals sometimes flushed reddish in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Sepals ovate-elliptic, rounded or bluntly pointed, 2.5–3(–3.5) mm. long, spreading, membranous, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Stamens 8–9, a little shorter than the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Carpels (7–)8(–10), united, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Berry depressed-globose, only slightly lobed, with the style-bases around a median depression, 5–7 mm. across, ripening black or purplish-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000481933 morphology 20513922-54BF-46B0-9BA5-57920E7C12DA Seeds lenticular, 2–2.5 mm. across, smooth, glossy black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323293-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Shrubby herb 0.4–2 m. tall, with some weak bristly pubescence along the angles of the youngest branches only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Leaf-blades ovate-elliptic to elliptic-oblong or elliptic-obovate, up to 8–16(–20) cm. long and 3.5–7.5(–9) cm. wide, markedly acuminate, broadly cuneate to the slightly decurrent unequal-sided base, glabrous except for small hairs on the nerves particularly beneath; crystals visible as short raised lines beneath; primary lateral nerves 6–10 on either side; petiole (1–)2–5(–7) cm. long, adaxially pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Racemes ± 4–10(–25 in fruit) cm. long, subdensely many-flowered, setulose-pubescent along the ridges of the rhachis; bracts long-caudate from an ovate basal part, 1–2 mm. long, caducous; pedicels slender, 1.2–2(–4 in fruit) mm. long, with minute bracteoles on the upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Sepals green or white, often turning yellow or red in fruit, ± 1.5–2 mm. long in flower, accrescent to twice this size in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Stamens 4, a little shorter than the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Style very short or lacking, with an obliquely capitate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Fruit 2–3 mm. across, laxly venose when dry, turning yellow to dark red or purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000723338 morphology 3AEF9519-5AE0-4CCA-B0A7-E44D42B60919 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Erect herb 3–10 dm. tall, glabrous to densely hairy on the branchlets, but commonly with short weak bristly hairs only on the ridges of the youngest parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Leaf-blades lanceolate to elliptic-ovate or ovate, mostly 5–12(–17) cm. long, 2.5–6(–8) cm. wide, acuminate, broadly cuneate to rounded or cordate and unequal-sided at the base, glabrous to densely hairy, but commonly with small hairs only on the midrib above and on the nerves beneath; crystals often visible as short raised lines beneath; primary lateral nerves 6–12 on either side; petiole slender, 1.5–4.5(–6) cm. long, adaxially pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Racemes 3–5(–11 in fruit) cm. long, sublaxly many-flowered; bracts caudate from a broader basal part, ± 1 mm. long, caducous; pedicels slender, becoming recurved, 1.5–3(–5 in fruit) mm. long, with minute bracteoles on the upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Sepals green, white or pinkish, ± 2 mm. long, spreading at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Stamens a little shorter than the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Ovary a little shorter than the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Berry 3–4 mm. in diameter, ripening red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Seeds 2–2.4 mm. across, usually shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000404539 morphology 7DFE9720-E10B-4482-A552-0CA7CE64B112 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:221479-2 wfo-0000486655 morphology 3B8AE4A2-422E-4BEC-A9E9-D74819031F9B Has been cultivated at Kabete, Kenya (Oct. 1934, Hudson in A.D. 2936 !). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685486-1 wfo-0000486655 morphology 3B8AE4A2-422E-4BEC-A9E9-D74819031F9B It will key to near P. lanceolata in the key below but is not closely related, differing in having 4 free sepals and woolly hairs on the leaves, which are linear or lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685486-1 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 An extremely variable, usually robust, glabrous or pubescent herb, with short stout erect stem and numerous adventitious roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Leaves borne in a rosette, spirally arranged; blade ovate, elliptic or rarely rounded, (1-)10- 20(-30) cm. long. (0.7-)5-9.5(-17) cm. wide, rounded at the apex, entire, sinuate or irregularly toothed, 3-9-nerved at the base, abruptly narrowed at the base into a petiole usually ± equalling the blade, 1-20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Inflorescences spicate, the spikes nearly always cylindric, almost invariably simple, (0.5)10-15(-70) cm. long; peduncles (l-)7-15(-40) cm. long; bracts 1-2.5 mm. long, acute, brownish with a brown keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Sepals broadly elliptic to rounded, 1.5-2 mm. long and wide, keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Corolla greenish- or yellowish-white, 2-4 mm. long; lobes elliptic-ovate, ovate or narrowly triangular, 1-1.25 mm. long, obtuse or acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Anthers at first lilac, later whitish or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Capsule globose or subconic, 2-3 mm. long, 3-34-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Seeds brown to dark brown or olivaceous with lighter belt on back, ellipsoidal or angular, 1-1.7 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, the ventral side more convex than the dorsal side; hilum lighter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486544 morphology 6B61CAC4-6002-4B9D-B719-EFED690D05D0 Fig. 1/1, 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321286-2 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Perennial, glabrescent or ± hairy herb with short, stout rhizome and numerous roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Leaves borne in a rosette, spirally arranged; blade ovate or rounded, distinctly palmatilobed, 5-12 cm. long, 3-13 cm. wide, acute or rounded at the apex, cordate, hairy above and on the nerves beneath, later often glabrescent or glabrous, 3-7-nerved at the base; petiole mostly long, 4-29 cm. long, dilated at the base, sparsely to densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Inflorescences spicate, the spikes mostly dense, but occasionally lax at the base, 1-17 cm.long; peduncles 5-30 cm. long, sulcate, glabrescent to hairy, usually densely hairy just beneath the spike; bracts broadly elliptic, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, keeled with green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Sepals oblong, rounded elliptic or obovate, 2.5-3 mm. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. wide, obliquely keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Corolla white or greenish-white, ± 3 mm. long; lobes ovate or oblong-ovate, 1.3-1.5 mm. long, 0.5-0.8 mm. wide, acute, keeled with green, sometimes tinged purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Anthers yellowish or cream-coloured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Capsule ellipsoidal or subglobose, 3-4 mm. long, 1.5- 2.8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Seeds opaque or slightly shining, brown, reddish-brown or olivaceous, ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, the hilar side slightly concave or ± plane. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0000486637 morphology ABA04046-AA17-4628-9B38-687AE9D6E76A Fig. 2, p. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685496-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Perennial herb with stout probably horizontal rhizome at least 4.5 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Leaves borne in a rosette, spirally arranged; blade elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 5-13 cm. long, 2.8-7 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, gradually narrowed at the base into the petiole, ± entire or with several remote lobules on the margin, glabrescent above, pilose with crisped hairs beneath particularly on the 5-7 nerves; petiole distinct from the blade, 2-14 cm. long, usually pilose, dilated at the base, with or without cottony hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Inflorescences spicate, the spikes dense, 3-8 cm. long; peduncles 9-26 cm. long, densely to sparsely pilose; bracts elliptic, 2.2-3.5 mm. long, 1.2-2 mm. wide, keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Sepals elliptic, 2.5-3 mm. long, 1.8-2.2 mm. wide, keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Corolla whitish or brownish, 3 mm. long; lobes rounded-ovate, 0.7-1 mm. long, 0.6-0.7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Capsule narrowly ovoid, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, 4-6-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Immature seeds pale, semi-ellipsoid, 2.2 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, flattened on hilar side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095065 morphology ABBDA002-02D9-4FF2-8AD7-663E5E5F2F04 Fig. 1/3, 4, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684831-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Perennial herb with long stout rhizome 6-36 cm. long, covered with densely cottony-hairy remains of petiole-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Leaves borne in a rosette, spirally arranged; blade ovate or rounded-ovate, 4-14 cm. long, 2.5-11 cm. wide, rounded or subacute at the apex, rounded to slightly subcordate at the base, almost entire to distinctly undulate-dentate or -crenulate or less often very shallowly crenate-lobed, glabrous or almost so, 6-7-nerved; petiole abruptly distinct from the blade, 2-16 cm. long, dilated at the base, rather sparsely to quite densely covered, particularly at the base, with long, very pale brown, cottony hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Inflorescences laxly spicate, with the flowers well separated particularly at the base, (l-)4.5-20 cm. long; peduncles 10-40 cm. long, basally with the same cottony indumentum as the petioles; bracts oblong or ovate, 2.2-3 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Sepals narrowly elliptic to elliptic-ovate, 2.5-3 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, keeled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Corolla whitish or greenish, 2.5-3 mm. long; lobes narrowly ovate, 1.3-1.5 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Immature capsule ellipsoid, 3-3.5 mm. long, 1.6 mm. wide,1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Almost ripe seeds semi-ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, slightly concave near the hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0001095066 morphology 6C2C6FBC-88E7-4DCB-9BBC-840FB719B704 Fig. 1/5, 6, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:685150-1 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 An extremely variable glabrous, pubescent or more rarely densely pilose perennial herb from a ± erect, thick, short rhizome; stem silky hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Leaves borne in a rosette, spirally arranged; blade linear-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or spathulate, (2-)10-15(-45) cm. long, 0.7-3(-8) cm. wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, usually entire or somewhat toothed, 3-5(-7)-veined, mostly gradually narrowed into a petiole usually equalling the blade in length but occasionally much shorter or much longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Inflorescence spicate, the spikes cylindric to globose, (0.3-)0.5-3.5(-10) cm. long; peduncles 5-120 cm. long, mostly furrowed and silky; bracts ovate-acuminate, 4-7 mm. long, dark blackish-green, with scarious points. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Sepals rounded-ovate, 3-3.5 mm. long, glabrous or hairy on the margins or keels, the lower pair joined to form an obovate, ± bilobed 2-keeled organ. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Corolla brownish-white, 3 mm. long; lobes narrowly ovate or ovate, 2-2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Anthers mostly white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Capsule ellipsoid, 3-6 mm. long, 1-2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Seeds yellow-brown to dark brown, shining, oblong-ellipsoid, 2.5-3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, dorsal side convex, ventral side concave; hilum dark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000486603 morphology 0D6DC419-D489-4E7B-9E4E-9CFEFD76BD92 Fig. 1/7-9, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321285-2 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Annual herb 15-50 cm. tall, erect or ascending; stems with a mixture of rigid hairs and minute glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Leaves opposite, linear to linear-lanceolate, 1.5-6 cm. long, 1-5 mm. wide, entire or with a few teeth, narrowed at both ends, glabrescent or with short and long hairs mixed, sometimes villous near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Inflorescences borne in upper leaf-axils, the spikes small, (0.5-)0.8-l.5 cm. long; peduncles 1-5 cm. long; bracts ovate or narrowly ovate, 3.5-5 mm. long, drawn out into a long acumen at the apex, altogether ± 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Sepals 3-4 mm. long, hairy and glandular, the posticous pair narrowly ovate to broadly oblanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Corolla cream to yellow, ± 4 mm. long; lobes ovate, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Capsule ellipsoid or rounded-ellipsoid, 3-3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Seeds reddish-brown, shining, oblong-ellipsoid, 2-3.25(-4) mm. long, convex on dorsal surface, concave-sulcate on hilar surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000478117 morphology 3AF4275D-6C6A-4B76-838F-B8F39611691A Fig. 1/10, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:684830-1 wfo-0000594910 morphology DFB39435-D07D-482D-8F65-9928B3E0CD1A Stems 1.6–5 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1 wfo-0000594910 morphology DFB39435-D07D-482D-8F65-9928B3E0CD1A Leaf-sheaths with sloping scarious-margined shoulders, rarely rounded, median leaves purple-spotted within and up the base of the blade; blade linear, up to 1.5 m. long, 8–13 mm. wide, with an obtuse tip and narrow base, flat above and convex beneath in dried material, glaucescent or green above, green beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1 wfo-0000594910 morphology DFB39435-D07D-482D-8F65-9928B3E0CD1A Inflorescence interrupted by a 1–3 cm. long internode, the ♀ spike sometimes interrupted or constricted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Berry obovoid-globose, 10–12 mm. long, 9–10 mm. in diameter, glaucous turning dull purple, slightly verruculose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703783 morphology EB54730F-AC5A-4188-833F-6391FEBAECBF Fig. 12/9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548748-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Twigs compressed or 4-ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Leaves opposite, subopposite or ternate, purplish when young; petiole 6–15 mm. long, sometimes reddish; lamina thinly coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, 6–15 cm. long, 2–3.5 cm. wide, pointed to acuminate at the apex, cuneate and slightly decurrent at the base, with 7–10 pairs of well-spaced curved-ascending lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Umbels 2–6, mostly at nodes below current leaves; peduncle 2–13 mm. long; pedicels 4–8, 2–4 mm. long; bract-cup 0.7–1 mm. long, slightly gibbous, with a triangular or bifid limb 1–2 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Receptacle 1.2–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Calyx 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Corolla pink, sometimes paler at extremities, the apical swelling turning blue-black before opening, 2.7–3.5 cm. long; apical swelling subhemispherical, slightly pointed, pentagonal, slightly reduplicate proximally, 3 mm. across, 2 mm. tall; basal swelling subglobose, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Inner anther-thecae 1.5–2 mm. long; outer ones 1–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Style constriction 1.5–2 mm. long; stigma peltate, 1.2–1.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0000703777 morphology C0546153-9DAF-4102-A03B-658B9EE6019A Berry globose or ellipsoid, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969320-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Stems to 50 cm. from an extensive untidy system of surface runners bearing numerous haustorial connections; twigs terete, tomentellous with brownish dendritic hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Leaves opposite to subopposite; petiole 1–2 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, mid-green, elliptic-obovate, 2–3.5 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, tomentose on both surfaces, soon glabrescent, obscurely nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Flowers 1–6, sessile, clustered in the axils, 5-merous; bract unilateral, narrowly boat-shaped, 2–3 mm. long, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Receptacle urceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Calyx annular, 1 mm. long, long-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Corolla 3 cm. long, dull purplish, lobes green turning dull red inside, white stellate-pubescent; buds with a narrow straight tube, with a slight ellipsoid-clavate apical swelling; lobes linear, slightly thickened, 4–5 mm. long, remaining erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Anthers 1–1.5 mm. long, as long as the filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Style dull purple, slender, tapered; stigma ovoid-subglobose, 0.6 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Berry red, ovoid, 7 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001247710 morphology 7AF200C7-4962-4F48-BB46-32AF24766771 Fig. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003135-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Stems to 1–1.5 m. long, becoming pendent; twigs tomentose with whitish hairs 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Leaves opposite to subopposite, occasionally alternate or clustered on short shoots; petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, elliptic-obovate to elliptic-ovate or subcircular, 3–9 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, cuneate and attenuate at the base, tomentellous at first, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Umbels in axils and around old nodes, 2–5-flowered, tomentose; peduncle 0–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bract 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Receptacle 3–4 mm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Calyx scarcely differentiated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Corolla (4–)5-merous, 4–5 cm. long, yellow-green and whitish tomentose outside with hairs 2–4 mm. long, green turning reddish and sometimes pubescent inside; lobes spathulate, 8–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Anthers 2.5–4 mm. long, scarlet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Berry red, cylindrical when mature, 12–13 mm. long, 6–7 mm. in diameter, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075708 morphology F69DC91C-D8C7-44EB-A3E6-739195392B0E Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552242-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Stems forming clumps to 1 m. or so; twigs tomentellous, longer hairs reddish and up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Leaves mostly opposite to subopposite; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblong-elliptic, 6–11 cm. long, 1–3.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed at the apex, cuneate at the base, reddish tomentellous, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Umbels in axils and at older nodes, 2–5-flowered, tomentellous; peduncle 0–2 mm. long; pedicels 0–2(–3 in fruit) mm. long; bract 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Receptacle 3–3.5 mm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Calyx scarcely differentiated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Corolla 5-merous, 4–4.5 cm. long, cream turning salmon-pink and with reddish-brown to purplish-red hairs up to 2 mm. long outside, green turning red and sometimes hairy inside; lobes oblanceolate-spathulate, 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Anthers 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075711 morphology 440F330B-42ED-4748-AC62-EE5C42E2F841 Berry becoming ellipsoid, 13–15 mm. long, 5–6 mm. in diameter, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003136-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Shrub with spreading tangled branches to 2 m. or more, with fine short dendritic hairs on youngest parts, but soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Leaves opposite or subopposite, occasionally clustered on short shoots; petiole 1–3 cm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, lanceolate to oblong-elliptic or ovate, 4–20 cm. long, 2–8 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, rounded to shortly cordate at the base; lateral nerves 8–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Racemes axillary and mostly at older nodes, 2.5–12 cm. long, with numerous flowers; pedicel 0.5–4 mm. long; bract ovate-triangular, concave, 1.5–2 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Receptacle 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Calyx 0.5–0.8 mm. long, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Corolla 5.5–6.5 cm. long, with tube orange at least below, upper part fiery red, puberulous, glabrescent, slightly curved in bud; tube 2–2.5 cm. long, slightly swollen at the base; lobes coiling above the vented region at anthesis and some breaking off, the pollen expelled unilaterally but tube not split. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Filaments inserted ± 1 cm. above the base of the lobes, slender, straight at first but collapsing within seconds of anthesis, breaking off a few mm. above broken corolla-lobes; anthers 5–6 mm. long; connective-appendage subulate, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Berry blue-green, obovoid, 10 mm. long, 8 mm. in diameter; seed dull red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075422 morphology 52D2103E-6EFE-4244-B12F-B1C8BF4F5EC8 Fig. 15/1–7 (p. 88). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969323-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Well-branched shrub to 1–2 m.; twigs soon terete, rusty tomentose with short coarse dendritic hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Leaves opposite to subopposite; petiole 1–5 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, lanceolate to elliptic or slightly oblanceolate, 2.5–5.5 cm. long, 1–3.2 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded, basally cuneate to shortly cordate, tomentose beneath with pale sessile stellate hairs and conspicuous rusty dendritic hairs, glabrescent above; lateral nerves 5–7 pairs, spreading, sometimes obscured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Racemes axillary, 2–5 cm. long, 16–14-flowered; pedicel 0.5–1(–2 in fruit) mm. long; bract boat-shaped, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Receptacle 2 mm. long, densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Calyx 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Corolla orange-yellow, sometimes redder at extremities, 2.5–3 cm. long, rusty tomentose with short dendritic hairs; tube 8–10 mm. long; basal swelling ovoid, 2.5–3 mm. long; lobes linear-lanceolate over the anthers in bud, linear below, irregularly erect to spreading and reflexed from point of filament-insertion, sometimes coherent to one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Stamen-filaments slender, inserted 7–8 mm. above the base of the lobes, the upper half slightly thickened, loosely coiling, collapsing and mostly breaking off after anthesis; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long; connective-appendage small, blunt. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Berry bluish green, bottle-shaped, 7 mm. long, 4.5 mm. in diameter, hairy, but ultimately glabrescent; seed bright orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001075421 morphology FB05C988-04B6-48B8-BA3F-04E90E8EC795 Fig. 15/12–19 (p. 88). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550623-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Shrub to 1 m. or so, well branched; twigs tomentellous with stellate and small rusty dendritic hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Petiole 5–12 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 3–8 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, inconspicuously stellate-pubescent beneath, ± glabrescent; lateral nerves 4–8 pairs, spreading-ascending, rather obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Spikes axillary and clustered at older nodes, with 6–12 sessile flowers on an axis 4–25 mm. long; bract ovate to elliptic-obovate, concave, 3–4 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Calyx tubular, 2–3 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Corolla 3.5–4 cm. long, orange, stellate-pubescent; bud-tip only slightly swollen; tube 15 mm. long, with a narrowly ellipsoid basal swelling 3–4 mm. long; lobes erect, the upper part spreading to reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Filaments inserted 6–7 mm. above the base of the lobes, the upper half slightly thickened and loosely coiled, sometimes breaking off; anther 3–4.5 mm. long; connective-appendage minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001247714 morphology A09D41ED-C27C-4331-B5FA-CC20632E5F0B Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003137-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Shrub, spreading, well branched, to 1 m. or so; twigs rusty tomentose with short dendritic hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Petiole 2–5 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, reddish green above, oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 3–6 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, shortly cordate at the base, rusty tomentellous beneath; lateral nerves 6–8 pairs, sometimes obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Spikes axillary and at older nodes, with 4–6 paired flowers on an axis 7–15 mm. long; bract ovate to obovate, concave, 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Receptacle 3 mm. long, hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Calyx tubular, 3–4 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Corolla 4–4.5 cm. long, dull yellow beneath a covering of rusty hairs, with a band of red at slits in late bud; hairs mostly subsimple, 2–3 mm. long; bud-tip scarcely swollen; tube 16–19 mm. long, with a short V-slit, the lobes ± coherent opposite; basal swelling slight; lobes erect to weakly spreading, linear, the upper part only slightly expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Filaments pale yellow, inserted ± 6 mm. above the base of the lobes, articulate ± two-thirds of the way up, the upper part slightly thickened, coiled at anthesis and tending to break off; anthers 2.5 mm. long; connective-appendage minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001239576 morphology 6BED32E5-4623-427D-B9FB-96AC6510FF07 Fig. 15/8–11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997533-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Small shrub with relatively short spreading branchlets; twigs soon terete, tomentellous with short rusty dendritic hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Petiole 3–5 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, elliptic to obovate, 2–4 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate to shortly rounded at the base, rusty tomentellous beneath but soon glabrescent apart from a few scattered dendritic hairs, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the lower ones sometimes rather strongly ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Racemes 1–several in axils and at older nodes, with 4–8 flowers on an axis 1–2 cm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bract boat-shaped, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Calyx 0.7–0.8 mm. long, slightly toothed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Corolla regular, 3.8–4.5 cm. long, orange-red to carmine, puberulous, glabrescent, especially on the lobes; bud-tip fusiform; tube 1.5–1.8 cm. long; basal swelling ovoid to globose, 3 mm. long, tube narrow for 4–5 mm. above, then flared; lobes erect, with the upper half reflexing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Filaments inserted 6–8 mm. above the base of the lobes, the upper two-thirds slightly thickened, loosely coiled and generally breaking off; anthers 2–3 mm. long, with a minute connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001247715 morphology 8A06CF10-E5BF-42A6-A1BA-AC5B4D40D0D7 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003138-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Small shrub to 1 m. or so; twigs stellate-puberulous, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Petiole 0.5–7 mm. long; lamina pale rather yellow green to full green, elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 3.5–10 cm. long, 1.5–6 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to subacute at the apex, basally cordate to rounded, soon glabrescent; lateral nerves 4–8 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Racemes axillary and at older nodes, 12–24-flowered; axis 2–4 cm. long, whitish puberulous; pedicel 2–4 mm. long; bract triangular-ovate, 0.8–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Calyx very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Corolla 2.5–3.8 cm. long, apricot-yellow to orange with a dark spot at the base of each lobe, and sometimes a greenish basal swelling, thinly stellate puberulous; bud-tip clavate; tube 1.3–1.8 cm. long; basal swelling (2–)3–4 mm. long, narrow for 1.5–2 mm. above and then flared; lobes erect, ± cohering at the expanded tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Filaments inserted 5–6 mm. above the base of the lobes, the upper part thickened, coiled and generally breaking off; anthers 1.2–1.8 mm. long, the dorsal thecae relatively short, with a broad ± slightly bilobed connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001074874 morphology 8689F5A3-0771-4E26-85C8-517DDDB21D30 Berry red turning black, ellipsoid, 5–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550628-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Shrub to 0.5–2.5 m., becoming pendent; twigs stellate-puberulous, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina elliptic-oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate or obovate-circular, 4–10 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded at the apex, cuneate to shortly rounded at the base, soon glabrescent; lateral nerves 2–4 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Racemes terminal on very short axillary shoots (bearing 2 leaves) or at old nodes, 16–40-flowered; axis 3–7 cm. long, densely whitish hairy; pedicels 0.5–1 mm. long, extended upwards by an ovate-triangular bract of same length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Corolla 3–3.7 cm. long, pinkish red, sometimes green at the base, with dark spots at the base of the lobes, and with fairly dense pale hairs covering the upper part of the lobes; bud-tip clavate; tube 1.5–1.8 cm. long; basal swelling 2.5–4 mm. long, narrowed for 2–3 mm. and then flared; lobes erect, recurved at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Stamens similar to O. ambigua. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Berry pink to white, ellipsoid, 7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001075439 morphology 567CF73B-5E1E-4FB1-BEE4-9682BA4EB773 Fig. 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:550629-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Small much-branched shrub to 50 cm.; twigs stellate-puberulous, very soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Petiole 2–5 mm. long; lamina thinly coriaceous, dull green, elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 1.5–4 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, soon glabrous; lateral nerves 2–6 pairs, often obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Racemes axillary and at older nodes, with 2–8 flowers (often rather crowded above if few); axis 3–15 mm. long, puberulous; pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long; bract narrowly ovate-triangular to lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Calyx 0.3–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Corolla 3–3.5 cm. long, pinkish red, with dark marks at the base of the lobes, thinly stellate-puberulous; bud-tip clavate; tube 15 mm. long, with basal swelling ovoid-ellipsoid, 2–3 mm. long, narrowed for 2–4 mm., then gradually flared; lobes erect, expanded at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Filaments inserted 5 mm. above the base of the lobes, the upper part thickened, coiling and detaching; anthers 1.5–1.8 mm. long, the dorsal thecae relatively short, with a relatively conspicuous truncate connective-appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0001247718 morphology 10CF2F49-90DB-4EFA-9417-FD70318DCA40 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003139-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Stems spreading or pendent to 1 m. or so; twigs tomentose with fulvous stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Leaf-pairs well spaced; petiole 5–15 mm. long; lamina broadly oblong-elliptic to ovate or subcircular, 3–10.5 cm. long, 3.5–7 cm. wide, cordate at the base, glabrous or nearly so above, fulvous stellate-tomentellous beneath, with 4–7 pairs of obscure lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Heads mostly clustered at old nodes, a few sometimes axillary, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 2–7(–9) mm. long, tomentose; bract ovate, concave, 3–5 mm. long, occasionally with a small leafy limb, then to 10 mm. long, thinly to densely stellate pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Calyx 3–4 mm. long, often slightly urceolate, sparsely to generally densely silky villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Corolla 4–5 cm. long, with basal swelling green, rest of tube orange, lobes pale green with red markings at their base, white silky villous over shorter branched hairs, the simple hairs notably long on upper part of basal swelling and usually rather sparse on rest of tube; basal swelling 4–7 mm. long; constriction (3–)4–7mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 7–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671233 morphology A03537DE-35FD-49DA-9CBA-CF03AB72D559 Berry orange, 10 mm. long including calyx, subglabrous to thinly pilose; seed red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548684-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Stems spreading to pendent, well branched, to 1.5 m. or so; twigs tomentellous with white to fulvous stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Leaves opposite to alternate, well spaced except at the base of new shoots; petiole 3–15 mm. long; lamina elliptic-oblong to ovate, 3–10 cm. long, 1.2–6 cm. wide, cuneate, rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous to subdensely stellate-pubescent, glabrescent, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Heads 1–several in axils or at nodes below, 2–6-flowered; peduncle 0–18 mm. long; bract broadly ovate, concave, 2–5 mm. long, sometimes with a leafy limb and up to 15 mm. long, stellate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Calyx tubular, 2.5–6 mm. long, thinly to densely silky villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Corolla 3–5(–5.5) cm. long, pale often yellowish green, generally flushed orange to pink on the tube above the basal swelling, usually densely silky villous, the long whitish, cream or sometimes reddish hairs masking the constriction, but sometimes (especially in coastal plants) long hairs rather sparse on the basal part of the then notably waisted tube; basal swelling 3–7 mm. long; constriction 3–6 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 4–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Berry orange to bright red, 10–15 mm. long including the calyx, pilose; seed red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671222 morphology 79AADB77-030C-443E-B6D4-DB237DF8BF72 Fig. 17/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Twigs tomentose with cream or buff stellate, dendritic and longer wispy subsimple hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Leaves opposite, soon clustered on short shoots; petiole 4–5 mm. long; lamina oblong-elliptic to broadly elliptic, 3.5–9 cm. long, 1.5–6 cm. wide, broadly cuneate to shortly cordate at the base, felty stellate-tomentose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Heads terminal from a tuft of normally 2 pairs of leaves or clustered on older leafless nodes, 4-flowered (occasionally 1 below the others); peduncle 1–4 cm. long; bract ovate, acuminate at the apex, concave, 5–8(–10) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Calyx 2.5–3 mm. long, silky villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Corolla 4.5–5.5 cm. long, pale green or cream with the lobes tipped green, silky villous, densely so above the basal swelling; basal swelling 6–7 mm. long; constriction 4–5 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper part 7–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671224 morphology 15F19180-E615-489E-9A95-BFD0B2619E2D Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003141-1 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Stems to 1 m. long; twigs tomentose with stellate and short dendritic hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Leaves opposite and also crowded on short shoots; petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina narrowly oblong-elliptic, 3.5–7 cm. long, 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, stellate-tomentose at first, soon glabrescent, with 8–10 pairs of obscure lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000472261 morphology 30CF737C-279D-44E9-8202-8D4E6E7D3E38 Annual or short-lived perennial up to 1 (–2) m. tall, lignified at the base, branched from the base or throughout, pubescent in the upper part, mixed with sparse to abundant long erect hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856159-1 wfo-0000472261 morphology 30CF737C-279D-44E9-8202-8D4E6E7D3E38 Leaves alternate, usually diminishing in size towards the top of the shoots; stipules membranous, translucent, usually greenish, ovate to lanceolate, shortly caudate, ciliate, 2–4 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide; petioles 0.1–3(–5) cm. long, pubescent, occasionally with scattered long hairs intermixed; lamina lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–9.5 cm. long, 0.5–3.5 cm. wide, base cuneate, margin entire, apex acuminate; lateral nerves 4–5 pairs, basal pair reaching 3/4 towards apex; upper surface with scattered stiff, appressed hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface with a ± prominent arachnoid indumentum (sometimes completely absent), and long stiff hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856159-1 wfo-0000472261 morphology 30CF737C-279D-44E9-8202-8D4E6E7D3E38 Inflorescences axillary, restricted to upper part of the stems, bisexual glomerules, with 1–2(–3) ♀ flowers and a number of ♂ flowers, usually mixed with broadly cordate foliaceous bracts with rounded apex, ± 1 mm. long, densely furnished with hooked hairs (sometimes also with membranous lanceolate, pubescent bracts, perhaps stipules of the cordate bracts). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856159-1 wfo-0000472261 morphology 30CF737C-279D-44E9-8202-8D4E6E7D3E38 Male flowers on pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long; perianth globular, ± 1 mm. in diameter, pubescent and densely furnished with hooked hairs, 4(–5)-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856159-1 wfo-0000472261 morphology 30CF737C-279D-44E9-8202-8D4E6E7D3E38 Female flowers sessile; perianth ± 1 mm. long, tubular, constricted at the apex, with 8–10 ± clearly marked longitudinal lines, pubescent to pilose; ovary enclosed, ± 1 mm. long; stigma protruding, bent over or curled up in a glomerule ± 0.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856159-1 wfo-0000472261 morphology 30CF737C-279D-44E9-8202-8D4E6E7D3E38 Achene ± 2 mm. long, compressed, white to brown, enclosed in the persistent perianth which is unwinged or rarely provided with 2 very narrow longitudinal wings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856159-1 wfo-0000472245 morphology 2791B302-9125-43AD-8716-2D9D825E457C Perennial herb or subshrub to 2(–3) m. high, woody at the base, little branched, bark greyish brown, young branchlets pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856135-1 wfo-0000472245 morphology 2791B302-9125-43AD-8716-2D9D825E457C Leaves not or rarely reduced in size towards the tip of branches; stipules ovate, long-acuminate, brown, 5–8 mm. long, ciliate; petioles 1–5.5 cm. long, pubescent, occasionally with long stiff hairs; lamina ovate to lanceolate, 4–11 cm. long, 2–4 cm. wide, base unequal, cuneate, margin entire, apex long-acuminate to caudate; lateral nerves 2–3 pairs, basal pair reaching 1/2–2/3 towards the tip of lamina; upper surface with scattered stiff hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface with scattered stiff hairs on the nerves, sometimes with arachnoid indumentum between the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856135-1 wfo-0000472245 morphology 2791B302-9125-43AD-8716-2D9D825E457C Inflorescences bisexual, many-flowered, usually with more than 5 ♀ flowers and a similar number of ♂ ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856135-1 wfo-0000472245 morphology 2791B302-9125-43AD-8716-2D9D825E457C Male flowers on pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long; perianth globular, 4-merous, pubescent, without hooked hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856135-1 wfo-0000472245 morphology 2791B302-9125-43AD-8716-2D9D825E457C Female flowers sessile; perianth 1–1.5 mm. long, with 3–4 poorly marked teeth at the opening, with 6–10 rather indistinct nerves, glabrous, rarely puberulous towards apex; ovary enclosed; stigma protruding, straight or slightly curved, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856135-1 wfo-0000472245 morphology 2791B302-9125-43AD-8716-2D9D825E457C Achene slightly compressed, white, brown or black, shiny, 1.5–2 mm. long, enclosed in the persistent perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856135-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Shrub up to 3(–5) m. high, with soft, juicy, but lignified stems with wide spongy pith or hollow centre, ultimate branchlets more than 1.5 mm. thick; bark longitudinally striate, greyish- or reddish-brown, inflorescence- and leaf-scars prominent, especially on young stems; dense curved or arachnoid hairs on the young parts, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Leaves deciduous, slightly decreasing in size towards tip of the stems; stipules lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, brown, puberulous, ciliolate; petiole 0.8–1.5(–2) cm. long, densely pubescent; lamina ovate, 2–8(–10) cm. long, 0.8–3(–7) cm. wide, base obliquely cuneate to rounded, margin entire, apex acuminate; lateral nerves 3–4 pairs, basal pair reaching the upper 3/4 of lamina; upper surface roughly velvety or scabrid, with scattered to dense stiff hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface densely to slightly arachnoid to white-felted, felt sparse on veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Inflorescences dense bisexual axillary clusters with short linear bracts, appearing with young leaves, sessile in leaf-axils of current leaves or scattered along twigs in the axils of fallen leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Male flowers usually much more numerous than the ♀ ones, on pedicels ± 0.8 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, (4–)5-merous, tepals densely pubescent, without hooked hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Female flowers few, sessile; perianth 1.5–2 mm. long, constricted at the crenulate apex, pubescent, with 3–8 longitudinal ridges, of which 2 are usually larger than the rest; ovary enclosed, except for the 2–4 mm. long straight or slightly curved stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Achene ± compressed, smooth, shiny, white to dark brown, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, persistent in and probably sometimes dispersed with the membranous perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0000472380 morphology ECB16BA0-1953-4768-9713-B91E01E573A8 Fig. 13/A–F, p. 50, urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856187-1 wfo-0001143665 morphology 1362222B-39AC-4DE0-A18F-37A7BA744AED Annual herb with thin branched root-system; smaller flowering specimens unbranched, larger ones branching from the base, up to 0.9 m. high; stems glabrescent to pubescent, sometimes with scattered stiff hairs and hooked hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905022-1 wfo-0001143665 morphology 1362222B-39AC-4DE0-A18F-37A7BA744AED Leaves alternate, decreasing in size towards tip of branches; first leaves serrate, later ones entire or with a few basal teeth; stipules lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, with subcordate base and long-acuminate apex, long ciliate; petiole 0.7–2.5 cm. long, thinly pilose; lamina very variable in size and shape, lanceolate to ovate, 2–8 cm. long, 1–3.5 cm. wide, base cuneate, margin serrate to entire, apex long-acuminate; lateral nerves 2–3 pairs, basal pair reaching the uppermost teeth (or, in entire leaves, the upper 4/5 of lamina); upper surface with scattered stiff hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface glabrous, except for a few scattered hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905022-1 wfo-0001143665 morphology 1362222B-39AC-4DE0-A18F-37A7BA744AED Inflorescences bisexual axillary clusters. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905022-1 wfo-0001143665 morphology 1362222B-39AC-4DE0-A18F-37A7BA744AED Male flowers 5–10, on pedicels ± 1 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, 4-merous, with hooked hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905022-1 wfo-0001143665 morphology 1362222B-39AC-4DE0-A18F-37A7BA744AED Female flowers sessile; perianth ±1.5 mm. long, with short stiff hairs on apical part and ± 8 rather indistinct longitudinal ridges; ovary enclosed, except for the ± 1 mm. long straight or slightly curved stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905022-1 wfo-0001143665 morphology 1362222B-39AC-4DE0-A18F-37A7BA744AED Achene ± 1.5 mm. long, apparently permanently enclosed in the persistent perianth which becomes slightly verrucose at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905022-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Erect or ascending perennial herb up to 1 m. high, sometimes scrambling, often with slender shoots from a woody base, which may be up to 50 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Stems of ± prostrate forms often rooting at lower nodes; bark brown, pubescent to hirsute or with long dense patent hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Leaves alternate; stipules lanceolate, brown, 5–8(–10) mm. long, acuminate, ciliolate, pubescent on midnerve; petiole 2–5(–8) cm. long, pubescent, hirsute or lanate; lamina ovate to lanceolate, 4–7(–10) cm. long, 2.5–4(–6) cm. wide, base rounded to cuneate, margin serrate, with 10–15(–20) teeth on each side, sometimes the lower 1/3 entire, apex acuminate; lateral nerves 3(–4) pairs, basal pair reaching 4th or 5th tooth from apex; upper surface with scattered appressed stiff hairs and punctiform cystoliths, lower surface glabrescent to pubescent, with scattered stiff hairs on nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Inflorescences axillary clusters, ± enclosed by the stipules, often appearing as an undeveloped side-shoot, with up to 50 flowers, ♂ flowers more numerous than the ♀ ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Male flowers on pedicels up to 2 mm. long; perianth ± 1 mm. in diameter, pubescent, sometimes with hooked hairs, (3–)4-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Female flowers sessile; perianth 1–2 mm. long, pubescent towards the apex, with 10 very faint longitudinal lines; ovary enclosed, except for the 2–4 mm. long, straight or slightly curved protruding stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Achene compressed, white to dark brown, shiny, enclosed in the hairy accrescent perianth, 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0000472374 morphology 1F0C380E-9875-45CB-A78F-045F50B46194 Fig. 13/G. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:856206-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Perennial herb to 1.5 m. high, creeping basal parts up to 30 cm. long, with bundles of roots; stems erect, one or a few from the rhizome, branching only in the lower 1/4, branches with leaves only; main stem angular, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Leaves in the lower part of the main erect stems opposite, in whorls of 3(–4) or alternate, generally larger than at the tip of the stem, especially at the inflorescence, where they are generally verticillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Lower cauline leaves subsessile or very shortly pedicellate, ovate to lanceolate, up to 4 cm. long and 1 cm. wide or wider, rugulose, base cordate to subcordate, margin entire, setulate to serrulate, apex acute to acuminate; lateral nerves ± 2 pairs, basal pair reaching almost the leaf-apex lamina; leaves of branches opposite, lamina broader and shorter than on those of the main stem, apex bluntly acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Inflorescence bisexual clusters, axillary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Male flowers shortly pedicellate, 5-merous, with a marked transverse dorsal crest on each tepal, bearing a few scattered hairs; rudimentary ovary present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Female flowers: perianth 4-toothed at apex, with 8–10 clearly marked longitudinal ridges; ovary completely enclosed, and only the ± 0.7 mm. long filiform style protruding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0001143666 morphology 15B5B7F5-C335-4DDE-BCF3-3F8A75704D80 Achene shiny black, ovoid, ± 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:940940-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Annual, or perhaps sometimes short-lived perennial herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Stems prostrate, ascending or erect, occasionally scrambling (“ P. laxiflora ” and “ P. scandens ”), delicate or up to 2 m. high, sometimes rooting at the nodes, glabrous, pubescent or with short stiff hairs, occasionally with sessile or stalked reddish glands when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite; stipules lacking; petiole 0.8 – (in “ P. laxiflora ”) ± 5 cm. long, pubescent to glabrescent; lamina broadly ovate to circular or broader than long, 0.4–10 cm. long, 0.3–4 cm. wide, base often oblique, truncate to slightly cordate, margin entire, apex obtuse or rounded, rounded, obtuse or acuminate; lateral nerves 2–3 pairs, basal pair reaching 1/2–2/3 towards the apex; both surfaces glabrous or upper surface with short stiff hairs, cystoliths punctiform, and lower surface pilose or pubescent, with longer hairs along veins and margin, where long curved hairs may be intermixed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Inflorescence axillary, ± cymosely branched, up to 1.5 cm. long (in “ P. laxiflora ”), with clusters of 1–few sessile or shortly pedicellate flowers, each cluster with male and female intermixed, and bracts with glandular hairs and long curved hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Male flowers subsessile; perianth 4-merous, up to 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Female flowers shortly pedicellate; perianth 4-merous, ± 1.5 mm. long, with minute hairs on outer surface; ovary enclosed, with protruding penicillate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Bisexual flowers with perianth bearing short hairs on outer surface, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Achene ±1.5 mm. long, smooth, shiny, dark brown, long enclosed in the persistent, accrescent perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000473080 morphology 971D47A6-40B2-4CCA-91D8-2ABE1C02368A Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854908-1 wfo-0000656823 morphology 5358634A-A8CA-4DF5-A18B-4CCF8A26D1F9 Perennial herb or subshrub with prostrate and erect stems, up to 1 m. high or probably more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851678-1 wfo-0000656823 morphology 5358634A-A8CA-4DF5-A18B-4CCF8A26D1F9 Branches and petioles with a very variable indumentum, ranging from subglabrous or with scattered stiff hairs or appressed hairs to an almost woolly tomentum of straight or curly, erect hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851678-1 wfo-0000656823 morphology 5358634A-A8CA-4DF5-A18B-4CCF8A26D1F9 Leaves opposite, very rarely alternate on an occasional side branch; stipules brown, translucent, with dark brown midnerve, lanceolate, with elongated tip, up to 3 mm. long; petiole l–2.5(–4) cm. long, pubescent to pilose; lamina ovate, 1.5–4.5(–6.5) cm. long, 0.8–2.5(–3) cm. wide, base cuneate, margin serrate, with 6–22 teeth on each side, apex acute or acuminate, with long apical tooth; lateral nerves 2–3(–4) pairs, basal pair reaching 2nd–6th tooth from apex; upper surface with scattered hairs, lower surface with scattered stiff hairs on the nerves and sometimes also between the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851678-1 wfo-0000656823 morphology 5358634A-A8CA-4DF5-A18B-4CCF8A26D1F9 Inflorescences axillary, either bisexual, globular and up to 6 mm. in diameter, or entirely ♀, smaller, ovoid, with 1–2 flowers; in the upper leaf-axils often arranged in clusters, either all bisexual or some bisexual, many-flowered and some ♀, or all ♀, few-flowered; in the lower axils often only ♀ ones present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851678-1 wfo-0000656823 morphology 5358634A-A8CA-4DF5-A18B-4CCF8A26D1F9 Achene persistent in the involucre, glabrous or lanate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851678-1 wfo-0000656816 morphology E4AD1380-543C-400F-B0E6-991F26047438 Perennial herb with prostrate and ascending stems, up to 25 cm. tall, branching from the base only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851674-1 wfo-0000656816 morphology E4AD1380-543C-400F-B0E6-991F26047438 Young branches and petioles with sparse, somewhat appressed, coarse stiff hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851674-1 wfo-0000656816 morphology E4AD1380-543C-400F-B0E6-991F26047438 Leaves alternate, except for the lowest 2 pairs of leaves on young plants which are apparently always opposite; stipules linear–lanceolate, up to 2 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide; petiole up to 2.5 cm. long; lamina ovate, up to 3 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, base cuneate, margin dentate with 7–11 teeth on each side, apex acute, apical tooth longer than wide; lateral nerves 2–3 pairs, basal pair arching towards the midnerve and anastomosing with upper lateral nerves; upper surface with very sparse scattered stiff hairs, lower surface with stiff hairs on the nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851674-1 wfo-0000656816 morphology E4AD1380-543C-400F-B0E6-991F26047438 Inflorescences axillary involucres, 2–5 in the leaf-axils on the upper part of the stem, of two kinds occurring together, the majority bisexual, broadly campanulate up to 3 mm. in diameter with 1 ♀ flower and few–many ♂ flowers, others with only 1–2 ♀ flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851674-1 wfo-0000656816 morphology E4AD1380-543C-400F-B0E6-991F26047438 Fig. 16/A–J. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851674-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Presumably perennial herb with erect stems, up to 15 cm. high, with thin, flexible, almost filiform stolons up to 30 cm. long, on which are opposite cataphyls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Younger stems and petioles with stiff erect hairs of two different lengths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Leaves opposite; stipules from a pair of opposite leaves partly fused to form interpetiolar stipules, up to 4 mm. long; petiole very short, up to 1 mm. long at most; lamina narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2.5–3.5 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, base cuneate, margin serrate with (3–)5–9 acute teeth on each side, apex acute, apical tooth up to twice as long as broad; lateral nerves 2–4 pairs, basal pair reaching almost 3/4 towards the apex before arching towards the midnerve and anastomosing with upper lateral nerves; both surfaces with sparse to abundant stiff erect hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Male inflorescences pedunculate, axillary at the upper leaves; peduncle up to 0.5 cm. long, with indumentum as on the stem, but usually more sparse; ♀ inflorescences sessile in the lower leaf-axils (occasionally 1–a few ♀ flowers found in the axils of cataphyls on the stolon), 1–3 together. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Male flowers 2–4(–5), with a minute bract at the base of each; perianth up to 2 mm. long, with some stiff hairs on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Female flowers shortly pedicillate; perianth up to 2.5 mm. long, cylindrical, glabrous on the outside, with several ridges and ± 5 blunt teeth at the apex, between which the filiform style projects. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000557272 morphology 00DB41E5-D129-473C-8576-189349C4C794 Fig. 17/H–N, p. 61. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850470-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Slender annual herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Stems up to 80 cm. high, branched from the base, lower part of branches sometimes rooting at nodes, moderately to sparsely pubescent with patent stiff or slender curly hairs, sometimes also with a few hooked hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Lower 1–2 pairs of leaves opposite, upper leaves alternate; stipules lanceolate, long-acuminate, glabrous or ciliate, 2–5 mm. long, 0.3–0.8 mm. wide; petiole 25–47 mm. long, pubescent or with scattered stiff hairs; lamina lanceolate, 2–7.5 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, base cuneate, margin clearly crenate with 5–12 teeth on each side; lateral nerves 4–5 pairs, basal pair reaching the upper 1/3 of lamina before arching towards the midnerve and uniting with the upper lateral nerves; upper surface with sparse appressed stiff hairs, lower with hairs numerous on veins and a few scattered hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Inflorescences up to 5 mm. in diameter, bracts ciliate, linear to narrowly lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Male and ♀ flowers as described under the genus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Achenes covered with hooked hairs and glands, ± 1.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000647094 morphology E350B5B1-BA8C-4E64-B38C-C7BFE84E4CC8 Fig. 17/A–G. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:942242-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Robust aquatic herb with tuberous rhizome; tubers ovoid, roughened with leaf-scars (fide Muschler). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Leaves green above, often blotched reddish, purplish green or bronze beneath, ± round, 10–32(–50) cm. long, 11–28(–50) cm. wide, incised-cordate at the base, slightly peltate, the lobes touching or slightly overlapping, repand and dentate-mucronate at the margin, the sharp and often brown-tipped teeth formed by the convergence of (2–)3 nerves, very rarely some juvenile leaves entire, ± coriaceous, smooth above, prominently nerved to the edge, beneath with 7–9 primary lateral nerves on each side forking dichotomously 3–4 times and an equal number of secondary lateral nerves, glabrous, puberulous or distinctly to densely pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Flowers (6–)10–18(–25 fide Muschler) cm. wide, open on 4 successive nights from 7.30 p.m. to 11 a.m. (fide Muschler) 8 a.m. (fide Jex-Blake) or during the day (in S. Africa fide Obermeyer), held ± 15 cm. above the water-level; peduncle stout, glabrous or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Sepals 4, green, often with cream veins, ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 4.5–9(–11) cm. long, 2–3.5 cm. wide, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Petals ± 16–20, white or slightly yellowish, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, the outermost as long as the sepals, often with median green line outside, rounded or ± acute at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Stamens yellow, 40–80(–90); anthers obtuse, usually practically without a connective-appendage or sometimes up to ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Carpels 20–30, yellowish, sometimes crimson outside; stylar processes yellow, tinged purple-brown, 7–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Fruit depressed-globose, 4–9 cm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Seeds ellipsoid, 1.2–1.45 mm. long, 1.1 mm. wide, with longitudinal lines of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0000382059 morphology DE1266EA-28BD-4307-BBAD-9D37871C86C1 Fig. 1/8,9, p. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605604-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Aquatic herb; rhizomes blackish brown, ovoid to spherical, sometimes irregular, 5–12 cm. long, 3–4 cm. thick, erect with projecting leaf-scars, densely covered with grey mucilaginous hairs; roots long, white, spongy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Leaves bright green or bronze-flushed, sometimes with small purple spots on the underside, elliptic to rounded-ovate, 17–35 cm. long, 12–26 cm. wide, with a deep open sinus but not peltate, the lower lobes acute, entire to shortly distantly undulate-toothed at the margin, glabrous; venation prominent beneath, petiole up to 50 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Flowers 10–18 cm. wide on slender peduncles 5–6 mm. wide, held 10–15 cm. above the water, scented (aromatically fide Stuhlmann). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Sepals 4(–5), greenish yellow, obovate to oblong-lanceolate, (5–)7–8.5 cm. long, 2(–3) cm. wide, obtuse to broadly rounded at apex, with numerous longitudinal veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Petals 13–30, bright lemon-yellow or sulphur-yellow, linear-oblong to lanceolate or sometimes almost obovate and narrowed to the base, (4.5–)5–6.5(–8) cm. long, 1–1.5(–2.5) cm. wide, acute, acuminate or sometimes rounded at the apex, with several longitudinal veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Stamens 60–200, golden yellow or orange-yellow, the outer 3/5 the length of the petals, up to ± 5 cm. long, with connective-appendages 1–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Ovary orange, hemispherical, ± 3.5 cm. diameter, 16–30-locular; stylar disc 1.5–2.5 cm. wide; stylar processes 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Fruit 3–4.5 cm. long, 4–6 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0001086910 morphology D17324E9-97E0-430C-A8AD-43779E762CE0 Seeds very numerous, grey-brown or straw-coloured, ± ovoid, 0.7–1 mm. long, 0.5–0.75 mm. wide, ± acute at both ends. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605718-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Delicate aquatic herb with elongate rhizome 1 cm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Leaves green above, reddish or brownish purple beneath, 2–5(–?12) cm. long, 1.8–4.5(–?12) cm. wide, incised cordate and slightly peltate, the lobes obtuse or acute, divergent, nearly closed or sometimes overlapping, smooth; lateral nerves 4–5 on each side, impressed, slightly raised or inconspicuous; petiole ± 20 cm. long, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Flowers very sweetly scented, 3–8 cm. in diameter, held ± 5 cm. above the water; peduncle ± 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Sepals 4, green, oblong-lanceolate, 1.5–3(–4) cm. long, 0.3–1 cm. wide, sometimes with dark purple spots on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Petals (5–)7–14, blue, lilac-pink or rarely ± white, lanceolate, as long as the sepals, ± 6 mm. wide, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Stamens typically 8–20 but often more in intermediates (? hybrids — see note); anthers 2.5 mm. long and equalling filaments (baumii type) to 10 mm. long and much exceeding filaments (heudelotii type); connective-appendages 0.5–4 mm. long, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Carpels 5–10; stigma subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Fruit globose, 1–1.5 cm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000382180 morphology 90604F6C-522F-41A0-B5A7-74083F590E47 Seeds pinkish or grey, subglobose or ovoid, 1–1.2 mm. long, ± 0.8 mm. wide, clathrate with longitudinal ribs, pitted or often ± smooth or in some intermediates/hybrids the ribs with minute hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605577-1 wfo-0000366693 morphology F6C23652-48AC-4B6F-A21C-818AC87D98DF Tree 7–18 m. tall with much-branched rounded crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553618-1 wfo-0000366693 morphology F6C23652-48AC-4B6F-A21C-818AC87D98DF Leaves subopposite, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, up to 30 cm. long, 9 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553618-1 wfo-0000366693 morphology F6C23652-48AC-4B6F-A21C-818AC87D98DF Flowers large, mauve or pink, 5–7.5 cm. in diameter, in large elongate terminal panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553618-1 wfo-0000366693 morphology F6C23652-48AC-4B6F-A21C-818AC87D98DF Calyx conspicuously ribbed, rusty or grey-velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553618-1 wfo-0000366693 morphology F6C23652-48AC-4B6F-A21C-818AC87D98DF Petals 3.2–3.5 × 2.1–2.5 cm., with claw 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553618-1 wfo-0000366693 morphology F6C23652-48AC-4B6F-A21C-818AC87D98DF Capsule 1.7–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553618-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C A native of Iran and NW. India frequently put in Punicaceae (but scarcely differing from Lythraceae in its inferior ovary, the calyx-tube adnate to the ovary which is many-loculed with the locules superposed in two series, the lower with axile, the upper with parietal placentation) is widely grown for its edible fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C Large shrub or small tree, the branches sometimes spiny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C Leaves opposite, subopposite or fascicled, oblong to lanceolate or obovate, up to 7.5 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C Flowers orange-red or crimson, showy, ± 2.5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C Calyx urceolate-funnel-shaped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C Fruit 3.5–12.5 cm. in diameter, but usually about the size of an orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0000468843 morphology CB4E797E-8C97-4CDC-BE21-35CD97C5761C Seeds numerous, covered with pulp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554129-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Shrub or small tree 1.3–5 m. tall, with spreading pubescent or glabrous stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Leaves subsessile or shortly petiolate; blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2–14 cm. long, 1–4 cm. wide, attenuate at the apex, rounded to subcordate at the base, finely but densely velvety tomentose beneath or in some areas (see note) glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Inflorescences crimson, (1–)2–16-flowered, up to ± 3 cm. long; pedicels 0.4–1 cm. long; bracteoles minute, Calyx-tube 0.9–1.5 cm. long, 2–5 mm. wide, glabrous or puberulous; lobes oblong-ovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Petals red, lanceolate-acuminate, 3–4.5 mm. long, 0.5–0.8 mm. wide, equalling or longer than calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Stamens 0.3–1.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Ovary 4–6 mm. long; style 0.8–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Capsule 0.6–1 cm. long, 2.5–4.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001075906 morphology F52013B4-1D0B-4BBD-AF79-7894F753BD21 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554290-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Slender often scrambling shrub or small tree 0.8–5 m. tall; stems puberulous; bark light brown on older stems breaking into fibrous strips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Leaves shortly petiolate, opposite or sometimes in 3’s (fide F.P.S.), lanceolate, (1–)4–7(–12.5) cm. long, 0.4–3.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or subcordate at the base, glabrous, puberulous or pubescent on the venation beneath but not densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Inflorescence 1–6(–many)-flowered, up to 3 cm. long; pedicels 3–8 mm. long; bracteoles 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Calyx-tube red or orange-red, yellowish beneath, 1–1.2 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, glandular-pubescent or puberulous; lobes triangular, (1–)1.5–2(–3) mm. long, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Petals pink, red or whitish, elliptic, 0.5–2 mm. long, 0.2–0.3(–0.4) mm. wide, shorter than or equalling or rarely longer than the calyx-lobes, sometimes ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Stamens 1.3–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Ovary 5–6 mm. long; style ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0001223646 morphology 1751F3F9-570D-4F65-8DA4-7E8985FAE44E Capsule ± 8 mm. long, 3–4.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554292-1 wfo-0000594910 morphology DFB39435-D07D-482D-8F65-9928B3E0CD1A Male spike 17–34(–40) cm. long, 0.9–1.5 cm. wide; bracteoles flattened, forked or laciniate above, rarely linear, red-brown, ± as long as the stamens; stamens with white filaments; anthers 2.5–3.5 mm. long, with the connective produced into a dark globose tip usually broader than the anther, paler when immature; mature pollen grains free, deep primrose-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1 wfo-0000594910 morphology DFB39435-D07D-482D-8F65-9928B3E0CD1A Female spike 18–25(–34) cm. long, l.4–2(–2.2) cm. wide, bright chestnut- or reddish-brown at maturity; “pedicels” numerous, subpyramidal with distinct steps 0.5–13 per sq. mm.; bracteoles numerous; stigma linear, scarcely broader than the style butdarker, much longer than the rest of the flower; carpodia numerous, irregularly distributed throughout the spike, appearing as light patches where massed together. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1 wfo-0000594910 morphology DFB39435-D07D-482D-8F65-9928B3E0CD1A Fig. 1/1–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836837-1 wfo-0000595260 morphology B6750470-D653-4ADE-9A31-432591249D2C Stems erect, stout 1.5–3.5 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836870-1 wfo-0000595260 morphology B6750470-D653-4ADE-9A31-432591249D2C Leaf-sheaths abruptly rounded to auriculate at the junction with the blade and scarious-margined, sometimes purple-spotted within; blade linear, up to 2 m. long, 8–10 mm. wide, with an obtuse tip and narrow base, the base flat above and convex beneath in dried material, glabrous, glaucous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836870-1 wfo-0000595260 morphology B6750470-D653-4ADE-9A31-432591249D2C Inflorescence of contiguous spikes, each subtended by a caducous foliaceous bract, the ♀ spike sometimes constricted or interrupted, each part with a subtending bract and separated by 0–3.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836870-1 wfo-0000595260 morphology B6750470-D653-4ADE-9A31-432591249D2C Male spike 8–12 cm. long, l.3–l.8(–2.5) cm. wide at maturity; bracteoles linear, beige or pinkish-fawn, ± as long as the stamens; stamens with white filaments stouter than the bracteoles; anthers 3–4 mm. long with the connective produced into an obtuse rounded black tip as broad as the anther, or broader; mature pollen grains adhering in tetrads, pale primrose-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836870-1 wfo-0000595260 morphology B6750470-D653-4ADE-9A31-432591249D2C Female spike 13–16(–25) cm. long, 2.5–3.5(–4) cm. wide, yellow-green at first, becoming dark sepia-brown or almost black at maturity; pedicels numerous, filiform, 20–30 per sq. mm.; bracteoles not present; carpodia pale, speckled with red, ± as long as the perigonous hairs; fertile flowers with a broadly lanceolate stigma much longer than the perigonous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836870-1 wfo-0000595260 morphology B6750470-D653-4ADE-9A31-432591249D2C Fig. 1/9, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:836870-1 wfo-0000212048 morphology D275B551-DC93-4212-9558-AD39A9B43F02 Slow-growing tree to 12 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:481946-1 wfo-0000212048 morphology D275B551-DC93-4212-9558-AD39A9B43F02 With falcate-lanceolate leaflets in 3–7 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:481946-1 wfo-0000212048 morphology D275B551-DC93-4212-9558-AD39A9B43F02 Racemes of blue to purplish (rarely white) flowers; standard 1.3–1.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:481946-1 wfo-0000212048 morphology D275B551-DC93-4212-9558-AD39A9B43F02 Pod narrowly oblong, flattened, few-seeded, not or tardily dehiscent, 6–9 cm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:481946-1 wfo-0000212065 morphology F08564E5-F78E-4946-8A18-7BEE96A61E90 A liane with 3-foliolate stipellate leaves, spiny stipules and axillary racemes of spectacular flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:483499-1 wfo-0000212065 morphology F08564E5-F78E-4946-8A18-7BEE96A61E90 Hypanthium 4.5–8 cm. long, brown floccose tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:483499-1 wfo-0000212065 morphology F08564E5-F78E-4946-8A18-7BEE96A61E90 Flowers somewhat caesalpinioid but standard much broader than other petals (outside in bud), white and yellow or brownish towards frilly margin, 14–16 cm. long; stamens 11, united below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:483499-1 wfo-0000212065 morphology F08564E5-F78E-4946-8A18-7BEE96A61E90 Pod dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:483499-1 wfo-0000212067 morphology 870FE969-945B-40D4-8121-BFFB0E259A26 Tree to 15 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485439-1 wfo-0000212067 morphology 870FE969-945B-40D4-8121-BFFB0E259A26 Leaflets glabrous, elliptic-oblong, in 6–8 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485439-1 wfo-0000212067 morphology 870FE969-945B-40D4-8121-BFFB0E259A26 Racemes of yellow to orange-red flowers from older wood along the branches; standard ± 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485439-1 wfo-0000212067 morphology 870FE969-945B-40D4-8121-BFFB0E259A26 Pods turgid, woody, spongy inside between the few somewhat chestnut-like seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485439-1 wfo-0000212074 morphology BFFEF609-F6B4-48A2-9437-1A9C78D8FDD7 Tree with 5–11(–15)-foliolate leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:166483-2 wfo-0000212074 morphology BFFEF609-F6B4-48A2-9437-1A9C78D8FDD7 Lateral leaflets alternate, oblong-ovate to -elliptic, acuminate, with pellucid dots and streaks. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:166483-2 wfo-0000212074 morphology BFFEF609-F6B4-48A2-9437-1A9C78D8FDD7 Flowers in racemes, whitish, 1–1.2 cm. long; anthers nearly as long as the filaments, conspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:166483-2 wfo-0000212074 morphology BFFEF609-F6B4-48A2-9437-1A9C78D8FDD7 Fruit flattened and wing-like, broadened, hardened and 1-seeded at the apex, indehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:166483-2 wfo-0001056817 morphology B50C97E5-24CD-456D-9609-438E89BE80D1 Small tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525587-1 wfo-0001056817 morphology B50C97E5-24CD-456D-9609-438E89BE80D1 With 4–8 (or more) pairs of rather small narrow leaflets, tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525587-1 wfo-0001056817 morphology B50C97E5-24CD-456D-9609-438E89BE80D1 Racemes of white to pink or rosy-purple scented flowers; keel beaked, up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525587-1 wfo-0001056817 morphology B50C97E5-24CD-456D-9609-438E89BE80D1 Pods narrowly oblong, flattened, rather tardily dehiscent, 4–6 cm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525587-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF A graceful unarmed obconical shrub 1–5 m. tall, the branches diverging from near the base and curving slightly outwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Bark brown with narrow longitudinal cracks and elliptic-oblong transverse lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Twigs brown, shortly appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Stipules triangular-subulate, brown, appressed pubescent, persistent, 1–2 mm. long; leaf-rhachis green, becoming brownish with age, broadly channelled above, up to 15 cm. long, including the 1–1.5 cm. petiole; leaflets opposite, subopposite or alternate on petiolules 1 mm. long, often inrolled under dry conditions, 20–50 in number, narrowly oblong, up to 23 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, entire, emarginate, dark green and glabrous above, pale green and puberulous on the midrib and margins beneath; midrib impressed above, prominent beneath; secondary venation irregularly reticulate, translucent in life; terminal leaflet cuneate-oblong, more deeply emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Flowers on axillary short shoots 1–2 cm. long hanging singly in the axils of one or more of the 2–4 bracts, which each consist of 2 stipules ± 4 mm. long adnate for most of their length to the 6 mm. long central portion, which may or may not end in 1 or 3 leaflets 5–10 mm. long; peduncle 4–7 mm. long, separated by an ebracteate joint from the 16–20 mm. long pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Hypanthium (receptacle) obconical, ± 5 mm. deep and 5 mm. wide, greenish-yellow and glandular within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Calyx persistent, campanulate; tube ± 10 mm. long and 15 mm. wide, with 10 main nerves and fainter reticulate secondary nerves between; teeth all alike, triangular, acute, ± 10 mm. long, valvate in the bud, purplish-green and sparsely appressed pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Petals narrowly cuneate-obovate, ± 30 mm. long and 14 mm. wide, caducous, glabrous, with ± 7 forking nerves diverging from the base, cream when the flower opens, later wine-red, variously imbricate; of several flowers on one plant some may have 2 exterior and 2 interior petals, others one of each; the adaxial petal is difficult to determine and rarely external. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Filaments borne on the rim of the receptacle, glabrous, crimson, curved slightly inwards, ± 21 mm. long, 2 mm. wide at the base which is knobbed internally, 0.7 mm. wide at the apex; anthers 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Ovary pale green, glabrous, ± 12 mm. long, borne on a 10 mm. stipe attached near the base of the adaxial side of the hypanthium; style tapering, 5 mm. long; ovules 11–12, transverse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Pod straight, or slightly curved, brown, 12–13 cm. long, 11–13 mm. wide, tapering gradually at the base to a 16 mm. long stipe, and more abruptly at the apex to a 9 mm. beak (persistent style); valves twisting on dehiscence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Seeds obliquely transverse, smooth, reddish-brown, elliptic, ± 8 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick, with the white persistent funicle attached near one end to an elliptic hilum 1 mm. long; lens in the middle of the same edge as the hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212052 morphology 546819EE-AB32-4613-A5BD-54A4EC5633EF Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:482606-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Tree 5–8 m. tall; bark fibrous; ends of twigs densely covered with persistent stipule-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Leaves 2–4 together at the ends of the twigs, imparipinnate; stipules lanceolate-subulate, connate at the base, persistent; rhachis pubescent, including the 9–12 mm. long petiole 6–7 cm. long, prolonged 6–9 mm. beyond the last pair of lateral leaflets; leaflets subopposite, elliptic-oblong, 2–3 cm. long, 9–14 mm. wide, puberulent and with a prominent vein-network on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Racemes many-flowered, 5–7 cm. long, borne at the ends of short shoots which are leafless at the time of flowering, covered with a silky yellowish indumentum; pedicels 10–13 mm. long, each with a lanceolate bract attached 1–4 mm. above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Calyx silky, 5–6 mm. long, divided to just above the middle into 5 subequal lanceolate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Petals 5, free, white, glabrous, imbricate, oblong-obovate, notched at the apex, 5–6 mm. long, inserted in the lower part of the calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Stamens 10, free, all alike, inserted with the petals and rather longer than them; anthers small, oval. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Ovary 1–2-ovulate, pubescent, ± 6 mm. long, including the short glabrous stipe and style; stigma small, capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000212069 morphology 2C2A502A-6F50-4F8A-94D2-9C929ED3E28E Fruit narrowly oblong, ± 3–4 cm. long, tapered to a short stipe, bluntly pointed, papery, appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492463-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Small straggling tree 6–10.5 m. tall, with smooth brown to greenish-grey bark, the vegetative parts glabrous or nearly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Leaves 3–7-foliolate, up to 20–33 cm. long; stipules subulate-caudate, up to 1.5–2.5 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets ovate-elliptic, (5.5–)8–14 cm. long, (3–)4–7 cm. wide, smaller than terminal leaflet, caudate-acuminate; primary lateral nerves 5–8 on either side, curved-ascending, looped well within the margin; venation slightly prominent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Racemes produced severally from knobs on the old wood, sometimes 1–2-branched, 3–10 cm. long, with rather numerous fairly closely arranged flowers, shortly hairy; bracts subulate to linear, 1–2 mm. long; pedicels 3–7 mm. long, jointed, in upper half and with 2 very small bracteoles near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Calyx and hypanthium together 7.5–10 mm. long, not angled at the junction, minutely but densely brown velutinous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Corolla white or cream to pale pink or mauvish, 1.4–1.8 cm. long; wing- and keel-petals lightly coherent at least in young flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Fruit 10–20 cm. long, 3–6-seeded, covered by a very short brown velvety tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000211899 morphology EB69FA2E-2350-4DBF-BBB7-9F9EE71B5E3F Fig. 5, p. 37. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:474096-1 wfo-0000212075 morphology 89AF0460-FC3D-460D-9ADF-882780CA9034 Tree up to 17 m. tall; bark smooth, pale, flaking off when old in thin scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513072-1 wfo-0000212075 morphology 89AF0460-FC3D-460D-9ADF-882780CA9034 Leaves with 7–10(13) leaflets arranged alternately or rarely in opposite pairs; petiole, rhachis and petiolules rusty-brown or rarely greyish puberulous to tomentose, sometimes ± glabrescent; stipels usually inconspicuous and caducous, 1–2(–4) mm. long; leaflets ovate to elliptic or the distal ones obovate, (2–)3.5–6.5(–9.5) cm. long, (l.5–)2–3.5(–4) cm. wide, rounded to cuneate and ± asymmetrical at the base, rounded to emarginate at the apex, with varying development of indumentum (see notes below). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513072-1 wfo-0000212075 morphology 89AF0460-FC3D-460D-9ADF-882780CA9034 Inflorescence (including calyces) usually rusty-brown or rarely greyish tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513072-1 wfo-0000212075 morphology 89AF0460-FC3D-460D-9ADF-882780CA9034 Calyx (excluding receptacle) 7–10(–11) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513072-1 wfo-0000212075 morphology 89AF0460-FC3D-460D-9ADF-882780CA9034 Petals white, greenish-white or violet, with dark purple veins; standard 13–15 mm. long; wings slightly longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513072-1 wfo-0000212075 morphology 89AF0460-FC3D-460D-9ADF-882780CA9034 Fruits variable in size and shape, 7–24 cm. long, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) cm. wide, glabrous, or (not in East Africa) pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:513072-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Shrub 1–3 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Young branches, petioles, leaf-rhachides and under-surface of leaflets, inflorescences and calyces ± densely white or grey puberulous to tomentose; upper surface of leaflets densely puberulous or pubescent when young but glabrescent later. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Leaves with petiole and rhachis together 7–25 cm. long and with (4–)5–7(–9) pairs of leaflets; lateral leaflets broadly elliptic to suborbicular, up to 4 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, asymmetrical at the base with the distal side rounded and the proximal side ± cuneate, rounded at the apex; terminal leaflet slightly larger than the lateral ones, equal-sided and ± cuneate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Flowers many in terminal racemes up to 25 cm. long; bracts linear, 3–5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels 5–10 mm. long; bracteoles apparently absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Calyx campanulate, 4–6 mm. long, with 5 shallow teeth up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Petals yellow; standard 14–20 mm. long, 11–14 mm. wide, the limb cuneate and gradually narrowed below to a short broad claw; wings and keel about equalling or slightly shorter than the standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Ovary densely ± appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Fruits mostly developing 4–8 seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212096 morphology F95D5DAD-128B-4870-AA8D-3D2EA29F85F3 Seeds subglobose, ± 6–7 mm. long, brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518954-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Shrub 1–2 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Young branches, leaves, inflorescences and calyces densely whitish to silvery or golden pubescent, the calyces and both surfaces of the leaflets strongly sericeous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Leaves with petiole and rhachis together 7–12(–16) cm. long and with (3–)5–7(–8) pairs of leaflets; lateral leaflets elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate, 1.8–4(–5) cm. long, 0.7–l.5(–2) cm. wide, cuneate and slightly asymmetrical at the base, obtuse to subacute at the apex; terminal leaflet 1.5–2 times as long as the lateral ones, cuneate and equal-sided at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Flowers many in terminal racemes up to 25 cm. long; bracts narrowly triangular to linear, up to 14 mm. long, often persistent, sometimes fused with the base of the pedicel; pedicels 5–12 mm. long; bracteoles apparently absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Calyx campanulate, 4–6 mm. long, with 5 shallow teeth up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Petals yellow; standard 17–22 mm. long, 15–18 mm. wide, the limb suborbicular, cordate, the claw ± distinct; wings and keel-petals slightly shorter than the standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Ovary densely appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Fruits developing 1–3(–5) seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Seeds subglobose, 8–9 mm. long, brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000212092 morphology 7BBDA8D1-0666-48B8-BE70-8DFE72962071 Fig. 8, p. 45. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518857-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Small tree up to 10 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Young stems and inflorescences covered with a chocolate-brown tomentum of short ± spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Leaves: petiole 0.8–5.5 cm.; lamina elliptic to obovate or oblanceolate, 1.7–3 times as long as broad, 4–16 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, rounded to cuneate at the base, obtuse to emarginate at the apex, coriaceous, with a reticulate venation prominent on both surfaces; both surfaces glabrous, at least at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Flowers in fairly lax terminal or axillary racemes often branching to form panicles up to 22 cm. long, the axes conspicuously brown tomentose; bracts ± ovate, up to 6 × 4 mm., concave, usually 3-partite and apparently derived from a median reduced leaf and a pair of stipules on either side, caducous leaving a white scar; pedicels 4–9 mm.; bracteoles broadly elliptic to suborbicular, 3–6 × 2.5–5 mm., both inserted immediately beneath the calyx on the upper side of the pedicel and often ± fused at their base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Calyx 13–17 mm. long, brown tomentose, at anthesis splitting to the base on one side and almost to half way on the other side, with all 5 teeth usually becoming free at the apex, the whole eventually breaking off in one piece by a transverse break just above the base leaving a small ring surrounding the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Petals white to pinkish or violet-tinged with a yellow blotch; standard (16–) 18–26 mm. long; wings 16–21 mm. long; keel-petals 16–18 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Stamen-filaments densely hairy; anthers 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Ovary 5–8 mm. long, brown villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000211992 morphology AD0BBA78-D9E0-4D0B-ACEA-2575843AB23A Pods ± 17 × 2.5 cm., strongly curved upwards above the middle, brown tomentose when immature but perhaps glabrescent at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480884-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Small tree up to 10 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Young branches and inflorescence-axes thinly to fairly densely covered with dark brown, appressed or ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Leaves: petiole 1.2–10 cm.; lamina ± narrowly elliptic, 5–21 cm. long, 2.5–8 cm. wide, 2.5–4 times as long as broad, cuneate or slightly rounded at the base, obtuse to rounded at the apex, coriaceous, with a reticulate venation prominent on both surfaces; both surfaces glabrous, at least at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Flowers in fairly lax terminal and axillary racemes aggregated to form a terminal panicle up to 25 cm. long; bracts as in B. macrocalyx but usually narrower, up to 5 × 2 mm.; pedicels 5–15 mm.; bracteoles suborbicular or ovate, 2–3.5 mm. long, 1.5–2.2 mm. wide, inserted immediately beneath the calyx and opposite each other or slightly asymmetrically placed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Calyx 11–14 mm. long, densely pubescent with appressed dark brown hairs, at anthesis splitting to the base down 2 sides into 2 sub-equal halves which fall separately. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Petals pale pink with a yellow blotch near the base; standard 16–21 mm. long; wings 16–19 mm. long; keel-petals 13–16 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Stamen-filaments densely hairy; anthers 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Ovary brown tomentose with a glabrous style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000212038 morphology 2D6206AE-5CD8-4925-A151-2C0CB7E7D1A6 Pods 7–12 cm. long, 1.3–1.9 cm. wide, strongly curved upwards above the middle, glabrous at maturity, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480918-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A A much-branched round-topped tree up to 27 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Young stems with a conspicuous rusty-brown tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Leaves: petiole 8–32(–45) mm. long; lamina very variable in shape, broadly elliptic or elliptic to broadly ovate or lanceolate, 3–14 cm. long, 2–6(–8) cm. wide, cuneate, rounded, truncate or shallowly cordate and usually somewhat asymmetrical at the base, acute to acuminate or obtuse; upper and lower surfaces often pubescent when very young but quickly glabrescent; stipules broadly ovate to oblong, up to 15 × 4 mm., golden-brown, striate (see Faulkner 730). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Flowers in axillary racemes often aggregated towards the ends of branches into leafy pseudopanicles; infiorescence-axes tomentose with rusty-brown hairs; bracts oblong-concave, 2–4 mm. long, caducous; pedicels 6–18 mm., with rusty-brown indumentum; bracteoles ovate or lanceolate to elliptic or oblong, 2–4.5 × 1–2.2 mm., with rusty-brown tomentum, usually inserted immediately below the calyx but occasionally up to 4 mm. distant from it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Calyx 8–13 mm. long, glabrous except for a small tuft of hairs at the apex (in marked contrast to the bracteoles), at anthesis splitting down 2 sides into 2 separate halves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Petals white, the standard with a yellow or orange blotch near the base; standard 14–21 mm. long; wings and keel-petals 12–17 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Ovary glabrous, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Pods (7–)9–14 × (1.8–)2.5–5 cm., somewhat woody, pale straw-coloured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Seeds lenticular, up to 18 × 14 × 5 mm., reddish-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211967 morphology A9DD1A17-1D3A-4CAE-B943-0444FBA5417A Fig. 10, p. 54. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480872-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Usually a scrambling or climbing shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Young stems and inflorescences appressed pubescent to densely spreading tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Leaves: petiole 1–5(–6) cm.; lamina broadly ovate to lanceolate, up to 12.5 cm. long and 8 cm. wide, rounded to subcordate at the base, obtuse to acuminate or acute at the apex; lower surface pubescent, upper surface glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Flowers in axillary, sometimes branched, racemes 2–6(–9) cm. long; pedicels 3–10(–12) mm.; bracteoles semicircular or reniform to triangular-lanceolate, 1–4.5 mm. long, inserted immediately below the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Calyx 4–7(–8) mm. long, pubescent to tomentose like the stem, at anthesis splitting down 2 sides into 2 separate halves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Petals white or yellowish with a yellow or orange blotch, 7–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers 0.7–1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Ovary villous with a glabrous style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211932 morphology F25045AD-4A49-46F8-BF13-3865B599FC2B Pod 4–9 × 0.7–1.4 cm., straw-coloured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480839-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Shrub 3–5 m. high, with an erect stem spreading only near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Bark smooth and grey; young shoots ± brown pubescent but soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Leaves: petiole 3–7 mm., pubescent, the interpulvinary part usually visible but often shorter than each pulvinus; lamina elliptic- or obovate-acuminate, 2.5–7 cm. long, 1.4–3.7 cm. wide, rounded at the base, the apex rather conspicuously prolonged into a short, rounded or emarginate acumen; lower surface sparsely and shortly pubescent or glabrous except for the fairly densely pubescent midrib, the upper surface glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Flowers in very short lax racemes of 2–4 flowers grouped together on short leafy shoots into a pseudopanicle; pedicels (3–)4–11 mm.; bracts up to 1 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles filiform, 1–3 mm. long, inserted 0.5–4 mm. below the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Buds slightly acuminate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Calyx 8–10 mm. long, rather thinly appressed or spreading pubescent, splitting down the lower side and leaving usually 2 unequal teeth at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Petals white with a yellow blotch towards the base of at least the standard; standard 13–15 mm. long; wings and keel 11–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers ± 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Ovary with longish ± appressed hairs on the margin, the surfaces ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-0000211931 morphology F470ECB0-7E97-49EF-8ADD-AADE1851163C Pods ± 9–10 × 2.5–2.8 cm., blackish, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480836-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Leaves opposite, often connate, sometimes dilated at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Inflorescences many-flowered fascicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Flowers 4-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Calyx with short tube, usually unwinged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Corolla tube conspicuous, with fimbriate-papillose scale or scabrid-denticulate; lobes as long as or longer than the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Stamens usually well exserted; filaments inserted in the sinuses of the corolla lobes, filiform; anthers ovoid to ellipsoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Ovary unilocular; ovules numerous; style filiform, stigma usually very small ± capitate, bilobed or obsolete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Capsule bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000014597 morphology 2761C56C-5733-4E6D-A183-B9B164531F2C Seeds numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16561-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Annual or perennial robust herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Stem erect, simple or branched at inflorescence, terete, 2-ridged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Leaves opposite, the basal ones wider than the cauline ones urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Inflorescences terminal cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Flowers 3-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Calyx unequal, lobes keeled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Corolla tube cylindrical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Filaments filiform, inserted at the sinuses of the corolla lobes, dilated into a small hood at the base; anthers cylindrical to ovoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Ovary unilocular; ovules numerous; style filiform; stigma bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000032242 morphology CF3A2C04-6DA5-4C2D-875E-48C6EB9A8C85 Capsule bivalved. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16697-1 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Perennial herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Stem erect, simple or branched from the base, 4-angled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Leaves opposite, much reduced and scale-like, sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Inflorescences in terminal compact heads urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Flowers 4-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Calyx tube as long as lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Corolla tube cylindrical; lobes as long as tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Stamens unequal, 3 sterile, 1 larger, fertile; filaments on corolla tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Ovary unilocular; ovules numerous; style filiform; stigma bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Capsule bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000034345 morphology 88F07626-A5B0-46BB-BD01-3B993E4DD072 Seeds minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326980-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Annual, erect or straggling herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Stem dichotomously branched or decussate, 4-ridged, ridges smooth or winged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Leaves sessile, opposite, decurrent on stem ridges or wings, or more or less connate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Inflorescences terminal dichasial cymes, sometimes diffuse; bracts subulate, foliaceous or perfoliate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Flowers usually 4-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Calyx tube conspicuous; lobes short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Corolla tube distinct; lobes sometimes unequal, ± irregular, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Stamens inserted into corolla tube at different levels, 1–2(–3) sterile; filaments unequal; fertile anthers on the longer filaments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Ovary unilocular; style filiform, stigma bilobed, hemispheric, revolute, papillose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Capsule oblong, bivalved, dehiscing septicidally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000006555 morphology A9F5FA33-7EAA-46B5-895C-36F56CCDC787 Seeds numerous, surface ± reticulate-pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326953-2 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Annual or perennial herb, suffrutescent or herbaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Stem simple or branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Leaves sometimes in basal rosette (often soon deciduous); cauline leaves sometimes reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Inflorescences in many- to few-flowered cymes, rarely flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Flowers 5-merous, showy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Calyx with short tube; lobes without basal glands, sometimes winged at the keel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Corolla tube cylindrical, slightly widened at the throat; lobes usually as long as, or longer than the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Filaments inserted into the corolla tube, without scale at the base; anthers straight or twisted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Ovary unilocular; ovules numerous; style usually hooked at apex; stigma subcapitate or bilobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Capsule bivalved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000007942 morphology E201610A-EE46-49E4-8B83-0F62E4DBC4D7 Seeds numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:16497-1 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Erect, procumbent, climbing or cushion-forming annual or perennial herbs, with or without basal leaf rosettes; sometimes with thick rootstock urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Stems very reduced in acaulescent rosette plants or up to 1.5 m long, branching from the base or unbranched apart from the inflorescence, 4-angled, angles smooth or minutely scabrid-denticulate usually at the nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Leaves decussate or rarely whorled or alternate; basal rosette leaves falling early or persistent, with ± winged petiole or sessile (e.g. some populations of S. schimperi); cauline leaves sessile or narrowed at the base, sometimes amplexicaul, sometimes forming long sheaths, usually with 3–5 distinct dorsal veins; the base of the leaves with one row of colleters all around, at the margins or in the median urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Inflorescence a thyrse, botryoid or corymb, single- to many-flowered; pedicels often long and distinct urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Flowers 4–5 (rarely 6–7)-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Calyx lobes divided to the base, usually ± unequal, 2–3 wider and longer than the remaining segments, persistent, with one row of colleters at the base of the inner surface urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Corolla rotate, persistent in fruit, imbricate in aestivation (contorted to the left or sometimes paratact); tube short; lobes with 1–2 nectaries (small pits) at the base; nectaries flat or pocket-like, margins naked or fimbriate, fimbriae 4–25, free or connate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Stamens epipetalous with slender, subulate or dorsiventrallyflattened filaments inserted in the sinuses of corolla lobes, with or without scale-like projections at their attachment points; anthers with 2 thecae, oblong or ellipsoidal, versatile or dorsifixed, with or without apical appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Gynoecium bicarpellate; style obsolete or distinct; stigma bilobed, lobes becoming more distinct in fruiting stage; ovary oblong or ovoid, unilocular, parietal placentae large, conspicuous or indistinct; ovules (few-)numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Capsule light grey or purplish, dehiscing septicidally into 2 valves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000037134 morphology 9E0664DF-B6B7-4609-AFCD-A7A881805FCB Seeds light brown or grey, few to numerous, smooth, winged or with ridge-like outgrowths, the outgrowths continuous or interrupted in outline. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002722-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Succulent annual or perennial herbs or infrequently shrublets; stems articulated or not; roots sometimes tuberous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Leaves alternate or opposite, fleshy, linear to obovate, shortly petiolate, caducous, often absent at flowering time; axillary hairs and scales present, these sometimes conspicuously encircling the nodes and overlapping the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Inflorescence terminal though sometimes overtopped by subsequent growth; peduncle expanded into a flat platform bearing one or more sessile flowers and bordered by a circlet of involucral leaves, or inflorescence rarely an open cyme (1 species in East Africa); involucral bracts enclosing woolly hairs and sometimes triangular scales; flowers fugacious, developing in succession urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Sepals ovate-triangular, basally connate, hooded urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Petals 4–5(–6), adnate basally to the sepals, varying slightly in width urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Stamens several to numerous, adherent to the petals in a single whorl, filaments connate basally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Ovary semi-inferior, multi-ovulate; style usually elongate and disarticulating at maturity; stigma branched, the branches recurving urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Capsule circumscissile, basal portion rim-like to infundibuliform, membranous to coriaceous, persistent, the dome-shaped top usually cartilaginous, brittle, forming a lid carrying the persistent collapsed perianth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000030996 morphology 3B0451CE-99F0-4C48-9935-26D5BF088A02 Seeds many, grey, brown or black (immature seeds brown), sometimes iridescent with a metallic sheen, reniform to rounded, smooth or often ornamented with tubercles or pegs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325899-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Annual to perennial, rather fleshy, glabrous herbs; stems decumbent, branching and rooting at the nodes; roots fibrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Leaves opposite and decussate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Inflorescence terminal, usually a 1-sided cyme; flowers small, white or pink, the pedicels often recurving in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Sepals persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Petals (3–)5, sometimes unequal, free or connate into a short tube cleft in front urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Stamens 3, the filaments adnate to the base of the petals urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Ovary superior with few ovules, obconical, stigma 3-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Fruit a 3-valved capsule opening from the top, the valves curling longitudinally to extrude the seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000024793 morphology 4955209C-94DA-4AEF-8010-43558E506E82 Seeds 3 or fewer, broadly reniform, the testa ornamented. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000176-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Rather succulent perennial herbs or subshrubs, often arising from an underground tuber urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Leaves alternate or rarely subopposite or in a basal rosette, fleshy, flat or terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Flowers pedicellate in terminal or axillary cymes or thyrsiform panicles, sometimes raceme-like or reduced to a single flower, bracts and bracteoles small, scale-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Sepals falling with the petals or subpersistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Petals mostly 5, free or connate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Stamens indefinite, few to many, free or adherent to the base of the petals, filaments filiform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Ovary superior, multiovulate, style slender, disarticulating at maturity, stigma 3-branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Fruit a 3-valved capsule, also circumscissile at the base, the valves falling separately, cartilaginous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000037489 morphology 8BF03CBD-2BE2-47B4-ADED-4B7D37494466 Seeds many, reniform to lenticular, testa smooth or ornamented. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325681-2 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Tall, soft-wooded, succulent shrubs; stems with smooth mealy bark urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Leaves fleshy, alternate on the young shoots, clustered on short side branchlets on older wood, often absent at flowering time urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Inflorescence a congested panicle, terminal or on axillary branchlets; flowers pedicellate, subtended by small, scale-like bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Sepals broadly ovate, deeply concave, rounded, firm with hyaline margins, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Petals usually 5, free, broad, rounded, concave, membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Stamens many in 2 whorls, filaments woolly below the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Ovary superior, several ovules on a basal placenta, style with a small rounded swelling at its base, stigma simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Collapsed petals, stamens and style shed together at maturity urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Capsule dome-shaped, coriaceous, valvate, the valves opening from below and often curling outwards forming a cap urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000006331 morphology 2C096C51-7544-4E87-B325-EA9EFBD8D5DD Seeds obovoid to subglobose, only 1(–2) ripening per capsule, black, smooth, glossy, a large, pale, verruculose aril enclosing the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5919-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Succulent, soft-wooded shrubs or small trees with stout branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Leaves opposite, decussate, fleshy, obovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Inflorescences axillary on the upper branches or along a single tall terminal stem; flowers in dense fascicles, pedicellate, each subtended by a small scale-like bract urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Sepals 2, broadly ovate, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Petals 4–5, connate at base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Stamens 4–7, adherent to the petals, sometimes aborted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Ovary superior with a single basal ovule, style very short, stigma 3-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000030998 morphology 55FC49ED-AB57-49C7-BDBB-19D79FB50CFF Fruit indehiscent, thin-walled, 3-angled or 3-winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32713-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Much branched shrubs, sometimes scandent, with simple or forked spines; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Leaves opposite, petiolate; blade ovate to suborbicular, with or without a mucro at the apex, entire or slightly crenate at the margin urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Inflorescence a terminal corymb or cyme, dense to lax urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Flowers 5- rarely 4-merous, fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Sepals imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Corolla pink outside, white inside; tube cylindrical; lobes contorted, overlapping to the left or right urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Stamens included, free from the style, inserted at the middle or towards the apex of the corolla tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Ovary glabrous, 2-celled, with 1–4 or rarely many ovules per locule; style terete; pistil head of two parts, a subglobose or ellipsoid basal stigmatic part and a bilobed stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000006727 morphology 6CA802D5-B7C1-4CCD-AC9C-FF72DC14C7E8 Fruit an ellipsoid or ovoid berry with 1–8 seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2243-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Trees or shrubs, all parts (except the ripe fruit) containing toxic cardiac glycosides urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Leaves opposite and decussate, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Flowers white tinged with red, borne in dense axillary cymes, sweetly scented urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Sepals imbricate, free to base, ovate to lanceolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Corolla hypocrateriform; tube cylindrical; lobes contorted, overlapping to the left, shorter than the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Ovary superior, glabrous, bicarpellate, syncarpous with axile placentation; ovule 1 per locule; style filiform; stigma minutely bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000000325 morphology 8A69371E-D059-48AE-B98A-D770FBAAF96E Fruit a berry, containing one or two seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2171-1 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Lianas, rarely sarmentose shrubs with long curled tendrils, branched at the very tip; latex present in all parts, often abundant; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Leaves opposite; petiole often alternating with one or several pairs of bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Inflorescence terminal and/or axillary, sometimes tendril-like, a lax to dense cyme urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Flowers 5-merous, fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Sepals imbricate, free or shortly united at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Corolla variously coloured; tube cylindrical, slightly enlarged at the level of the anthers, thickened above the anthers; lobes broadly elliptic to narrowly linear, contorted, overlapping to the left urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Heads terminal from a tuft of leaves, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 1–1.5 cm. long, tomentose; bract ovate-triangular, sometimes acuminate into a short incurved limb, 3–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Calyx 2–2.5 mm. long, silky-pubescent, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Corolla 4–5 cm. long, pale green at the base, orange on the tube above, with lobes pale greeny yellow, silky villous, the hairs especially long and somewhat evanescent on the basal swelling; basal swelling 5–6 mm. long; constriction 3 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper part 5–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000671234 morphology 02BF7777-84FE-4225-9B66-674BB8798848 Berry 10 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, pilose and rugose to squamate around the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003142-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Twigs tomentose with somewhat fulvous stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Leaves opposite and clustered on short shoots, sessile or nearly so, glaucous, subcircular, 1.5–5 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, cordate at the base, early glabrescent, with 4–5 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Heads terminal on a short shoot of normally 1 pair of leaves, sometimes also axillary, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 1.5–2 cm. long, glabrous; bract ovate, slightly acuminate at the apex, concave, 4–5 mm. long, subglabrous apart from margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Receptacle 1.5 mm. long, silky villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Calyx 3–4 mm. long, subglabrous except for a fringe of small brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Corolla 3.5–4 cm. long, orange, with the lobes and sometimes the basal part of tube green, silky villous in bud but glabrescent on basal swelling and to varying degrees on the lobes; basal swelling 5–7 mm. long; constriction 3–4 mm. long; distal part of tube ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671231 morphology 79E3552A-755A-480B-896B-3A369E9EB5B4 Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003143-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Stems spreading to 1 m. or so; twigs tomentose, with stellate and ± dendritic somewhat fulvous hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Leaves opposite to subopposite, soon clustered on short shoots; petiole 0–9 mm. long; lamina elliptic or oblong-elliptic to ovate, (1–)2–5 cm. long, (0.8–)1.2–4 cm. wide, mostly rounded to cordate at the base, in very young leaves sometimes cuneate, densely stellate-pubescent to -tomentose on both surfaces, somewhat glabrescent to varying degrees, with ± 4 obscure pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Heads mostly terminal from a tuft of 1–2 pairs of leaves, but also axillary on younger branches, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 3–25(–30) mm. long; bract with a well-developed leafy elliptic-obovate to elliptic-circular limb, (10–)15–25 mm. long, (5–)8–20 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Receptacle 1 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Calyx 2–3 mm. long, silky villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Corolla 3.5–5 cm. long, greenish, tube flushed yellowish to orange, densely silky villous except on lower part of basal swelling; basal swelling 4–5 mm. long; constriction 3–4 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 7–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671229 morphology BCCC5DCF-9C03-40C6-B0B0-4661683739A8 Berry with calyx 10 mm. long, pinkish red, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548682-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Stems to 1 m. or so; twigs tomentose with stellate and some short dendritic somewhat fulvous hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Leaves opposite, becoming clustered at older nodes; petiole 3–5 mm. long; lamina ovate to oblong-elliptic, 1.5–7 cm. long, 0.8–5 cm. wide, mostly rounded to cordate at the base, in very young leaves sometimes cuneate, stellate-pubescent on both surfaces, variably glabrescent, with ± 4 obscure pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Heads 1(–several) in axils or terminal from a tuft of 1–2 pairs of leaves, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle (1.5–)2–4 cm. long; bract with a small to well-developed leafy limb, (7–)10–20 mm. long, (4–)5–14 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Receptacle 1 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Calyx 3–4.5 mm. long, glabrous except for fringe of dendritic or mostly simple hairs around the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Corolla 3.5–5 cm. long, pale green, the tube flushed orange to pink, densely silky villous except on the lower part of the basal swelling; basal swelling 5–6 mm. long; constriction 3–4 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 5–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671225 morphology 144B79B4-AD97-43BB-8155-161E92E412AC Berry deep pink, subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548679-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Small shrub; twigs tomentose with stellate and short dendritic slightly fulvous hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Leaves opposite to alternate, soon clustered on short shoots; petiole 3–5 mm. long; lamina oblong-elliptic to oblong-oblanceolate, 1.5–4 cm. long, 0.5–2 cm. wide, cuneate to shortly rounded at the base, stellate-pubescent, early glabrescent, with 4–5 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Heads terminal on short shoots (commonly composed of 2 pairs of leaves) and in axils on younger long shoots, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 1–2.5 cm. long, sparsely hairy; bract with a leafy limb, 8–12 mm. long, 4–8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Receptacle 1.5 mm. long, long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Calyx 2.5–3 mm. long, silky villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Corolla 3–4 cm. long, green and apricot, densely silky villous except for the lower part of the basal swelling; basal swelling 5 mm. long; constriction 3 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 7–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671219 morphology B47D461F-3373-46A5-A6BD-C38F855F864E Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548675-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Stems well branched, to 1 m. long; twigs tomentose with stellate and sometimes some short dendritic hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Leaves opposite or subopposite, soon clustered on short shoots; petiole 1–2 mm. long; lamina ovate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 1.7–3.5 cm. long, 0.4–1.5 cm. wide, narrowed to the base, stellate-pubescent on both surfaces, obscurely nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Heads terminal on short shoots, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 1.5–2.5 cm. long; bract leafy, oblong-elliptic, 5–20 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Receptacle 1.5–2 mm. long, white hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Calyx 1–1.5 mm. long, tomentose at least towards the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Corolla 4–5 cm. long, greenish yellow to pale orange, sometimes marked pink or red, the basal part sometimes green, the lobes yellow to slightly orange, stellate tomentose with some longer little branched hairs on the tube, the basal swelling nearly glabrous at least below, the lobes sparsely stellate-pubescent and glabrescent; basal swelling 4–5 mm. long; constriction 1–2 mm. long, hairy inside; upper dilated part of tube 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Berry blue, 10–12 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, glabrescent; seed red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671220 morphology CAF095CA-8DA9-4158-9535-A10CF138B37F Fig. 17/5–9 (p. 97). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548676-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Stems spreading to 50 cm. or so; twigs white stellate-tomentose, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Leaves opposite or subopposite, soon clustered on short shoots, often sparse at flowering time; petiole 2–5 mm. long; lamina oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate or obovate, 1–3 cm. long, 0.5–1.8 cm. wide, cuneate at the base, stellate-pubescent, soon glabrescent, with 3–4 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Heads terminal on short shoots, 2–4-flowered; peduncle 5–20 mm. long; bract leafy, oblong-oblanceolate, 10–20 mm. long, 4–10 mm. wide, glabrous except near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, long white hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Calyx 0.5–1.5 mm. long, similarly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Corolla 3–4.5 cm. long, yellow flushed orange to red on the tube, subglabrous or early glabrescent except for scattered stellate or wispy hairs; basal swelling 3–5 mm. long; constriction 1–2 mm. long, hairy inside; upper dilated part of tube 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671230 morphology 22D73EB4-207F-439C-BF16-501A770BC32D Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548683-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Twigs tomentose with white stellate and short dendritic hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Leaves opposite or subopposite, soon clustered on short shoots, often sparse at flowering time; petiole (1–)2–3 mm. long; lamina elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–25 mm. long, 1.5–8 mm. wide, cuneate at the base, stellate-pubescent on both surfaces, gradually glabrescent, with 4–6 sometimes obscure pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Heads terminal on short shoots or on older leafless nodes, (2–)4-flowered; peduncle 5–15 mm. long; bract broadly ovate or obovate, concave, 3–6 mm. long, sometimes with a short leafy limb and then up to 10 mm. long, stellate tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Receptacle (0.5–)1–1.2 mm. long, white tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Calyx 0.7–1 mm. long, similarly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Corolla 3–4.5 cm. long, yellow or yellow-green, the tube becoming flushed orange or red, the basal swelling villous, the rest densely covered with a mixture of stellate, dendritic and relatively few long simple hairs; basal swelling 3–4 mm. long; constriction ± 1 mm. long, hairy inside; upper part of tube 7–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000671218 morphology 949205F8-B82F-4B2A-AFD7-C14F8EDC9249 Berry blue-green, 10 mm. long including calyx, sparsely pubescent; seed red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906007-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Much-branched shrub; branchlets with youngest parts densely pale lepidote and very youngest with small yellow-brown dendritic hairs less than 0.3 mm. long, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Petiole 5–16 mm. long; lamina coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate to ovate-oblong or ovate, 3–12 cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, initially covered with pale to yellow-brown stellate and very short dendritic hairs, soon glabrescent apart from sometimes a scatter of pale stellate hairs especially beneath, with 3–8 pairs of lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Umbels axillary and at older nodes, 2–6-flowered; peduncle 0–3 mm. long; pedicels 2–3 mm. long, pale lepidote-tomentellous, glabrescent in patches; bract ovate-elliptic to round, 1–2 mm. long, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Receptacle urceolate, 2–3 mm. long, pale lepidote-tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Calyx 0.2–0.8 mm. long, slightly lobed, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Corolla 4–4.5 cm. long, orange-yellow to bright orange, puberulous with minute stellate hairs, glabrescent especially distally; apical swelling of bud ellipsoid, 4–5 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, with wings to 0.5 mm. wide; basal swelling slight, 7 mm. long, 3.5 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 12–15 mm. long, upper half spathulate and hardened inside; tips 1 mm. wide, slightly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Anthers 1.5–3 mm. long, with 5–10 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Style almost isodiametric, sometimes puberulous opposite the corolla-tube, with a slight neck 2.5–3.5 mm. long below the conical-globose stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468724 morphology 43402579-6EC4-4651-92CB-2FF2157FC7ED Berry not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969329-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Branches spreading to pendent, 1–2 m. long; branchlets tomentose with short white to brown dendritic hairs on youngest internodes, soon glabrescent with only grey stellate hairs and scales, then glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Petiole 1–3 cm. long; lamina dark green, paler beneath, coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic to elliptic or ovate, 5–20 cm. long, 2–11 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded or cordate at the base, soon glabrescent, with 6–8 pairs of inconspicuous lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Umbels confluent in older axils and mostly around nodes below the current leaves, 2–6-flowered; peduncle 0–2(–3) mm. long; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bract ovate or ovate-lanceolate, ± acuminate at the apex, 2–4 mm. long, hairy to varying degrees. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Receptacle cylindrical, 1.2–2.5 mm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Calyx 0.5–1.5 mm. long, usually glabrescent, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Corolla 3–5 cm. long, yellow to orange, reddening on basal and especially apical swelling of bud, reddening on tube inside, brownish pubescent to tomentellous with stellate and ± short dendritic hairs in bud, but glabrescent to varying degrees at least on the head and basal swelling, sometimes nearly glabrous overall; apical swelling of bud ovoid-ellipsoid to nearly globular, slightly apiculate and 5-ribbed, 3–3.5(–4) mm. long, 2–2.5(–3) mm. in diameter; basal swelling 3–6 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, with the tube generally distinctly narrowed for several mm. above; lobes erect, 8–12 mm. long; tips elliptic, apiculate, 3–4 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Filaments red; anthers 1–2 mm. long, with 3–6 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Style red above, slightly broadened upwards to shoulder; neck 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468689 morphology 35EAFF8B-DA56-4482-919F-D7CD161757A9 Berry blue-green, broadly ellipsoid, 10 mm. long, 6–8 mm. in diameter, glabrescent; seed bright orange-red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915355-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Branches 1–2 m. long, the longer ones pendent; branchlets tomentose with red-brown dendritic hairs 0.5–1.5 mm. long, tardily glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Petiole 0.5–2 cm. long; lamina coriaceous, ovate to elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 8–20 cm. long, 3.5–9 cm. wide, obtuse to shortly rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded or shortly cordate at the base, with fine felty tomentum when young of grey and red-brown stellate hairs, with some short dendritic hairs medially beneath, glabrescent, with 6–10 pairs of inconspicuous lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Umbels confluent around older nodes mostly below current leaves, sessile or subsessile, 2–4-flowered; pedicels 0–1.5 mm. long; bract ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm. long, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Receptacle 2–3.5 mm. long, red-brown tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Calyx (0.5–)1–1.5 mm. long, tomentose, ultimately sometimes somewhat glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Corolla 3.5–5 cm. long, coloured by red-brown tomentum outside, reddish on head of bud, pink to orange-red inside, red along filament-lines and darkening red overall, red-brown tomentose with dendritic hairs to 1.5 mm. long and sometimes subsimple hairs to 3 mm. long, slightly glabrescent on head of bud; apical swelling of bud ovoid to globose-ellipsoid, 3.5–5 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter, pointed; basal swelling 6–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 8–12 mm. long; tips elliptic, apiculate, 3–4 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Filaments dark red; anthers 1.2–2 mm. long, with 5–7 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Style abruptly expanded to twice its diameter opposite top of corolla-tube, then tapered slightly to the neck; neck 1.2–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0000468720 morphology 0245D467-5F3E-452F-B2A9-0CAB179BAA26 Berry ellipsoid, 1.5 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter, reddish tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969330-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Branches mostly pendent, 1–3 m. long; branchlets tomentose with yellow-brown dendritic hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Petiole stout, 1.5–3(–4) cm. long; lamina dark olive-green to grey-green, coriaceous, ovate to elliptic-oblong, 5–20(–23) cm. long, 3.5–11 cm. wide, rounded or slightly acuminate to a blunt tip, broadly cuneate to rounded or slightly cordate at the base, tawny tomentose when very young, becoming scurfy to varying degrees with minute grey stellate hairs, more persistently so beneath, with 6–10 pairs of inconspicuous lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Umbels (1–)several confluent at old nodes, sessile, 4–8-flowered; pedicels 0–2 mm. long; bract ovate-elliptic, subacuminate at the apex, 4–6 mm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Receptacle broad, 2.5–3 mm. long, yellow-brown tomentellous, with longer dendritic hairs at the base or overall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Calyx 1–1.2 mm. long, slightly glabrescent, long-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Corolla 4–5.8 cm. long, orange-yellow with brownish tomentum, orange to red on filament-lines inside, tomentose with grey stellate, tawny dendritic and subsimple hairs up to 2 mm. long, longer hairs most evident at the base and most evanescent at the apex; apical swelling of bud ellipsoid, ± apiculate, 5–6 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling 5–6 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 1.2–1.6 cm. long; tips narrowly elliptic, apiculate, 4.5–5 mm. long, 1.5–1.8 mm. wide, hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Filaments red below, green above; anthers 3–3.5 mm. long, with 5–6 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Style slightly broadened upwards; neck 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0001075613 morphology A7350CD7-0584-4606-9961-ACE8E6562D2B Berry ellipsoid, 1.2–1.5 cm. long, 0.8–1 cm. in diameter, with bluish ground-colour and brown tomentellous, ultimately glabrescent; seed red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915353-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Branches mostly pendent, 0.7–2 m. long; branchlets tomentellous with short dendritic mostly red-brown hairs, soon falling to leave a covering of grey stellate hairs and scales, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Leaves subopposite to irregularly ternate, subsequently clustered on short shoots; petiole 2–10 mm. long; lamina grey-green, coriaceous, linear-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic-oblong, 3–15 cm. long, 0.5–1.5(–2.5) cm. wide, tapered at either end, acute to obtuse at the apex, with minute grey stellate hairs and very short evanescent red-brown dendritic hairs, glabrescent, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves soon becoming obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Umbels confluent around old axils, mostly after primary leaves have fallen and often below tufts of new leaves, sessile, 2–4-flowered; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bract ovate, ± acuminate at the apex, 3–5 mm. long, tomentellous to glabrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Receptacle obconic to broadly barrel-shaped, 2.5–3 mm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Calyx 1.5–2 mm. long, truncate to slightly lobed, less hairy, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Corolla 4.5–6 cm. long, orange-red with red filament-lines, lobes sometimes reddish but tips cream inside, tomentellous with grey stellate hairs and very short red-brown dendritic hairs less than 0.5 mm. long, often slightly glabrescent on basal swelling; apical swelling of bud ovoid-ellipsoid, apiculate, 4–5 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter, slightly 5-ribbed; basal swelling 5–7 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter; lobes erect, 1.1–1.3 cm. long; tips elliptic, 4–5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, conspicuously hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Filaments red on lower part; anthers 2–2.8 mm. long, with 6–8 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Style red, generally distinctly lobed opposite top of corolla-tube, slightly tapered to neck; neck 2–2.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Berry blue-green, ellipsoid, 1.5 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter, with fine rufous stellate pubescence; seed blue-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0000468716 morphology B48E7105-3932-4FF0-8EF2-0AE0AC080CF4 Fig. 18/12–17 (p. 107). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915350-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Stems in all directions to 60 cm., much branched; branchlets tomentose, with buff dendritic hairs 0.5–1 mm. long on youngest parts, and shorter hairs that are paler and more persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Petiole 5–10 mm. long; lamina ovate-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic to ovate, 2–7 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, subacute to obtuse or shortly rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded or slightly cordate at the base, tomentose with stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, glabrescent to varying degrees above, persistently hairy beneath, often with slightly longer and more tawny hairs especially medially, with 4–6 pairs of obscure lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Flowers progressively produced in axils; pedicels 2–4 mm. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate to shortly spathulate, 3–6 mm. long, occasionally some foliaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Receptacle 2–4 mm. long, tomentose to villous with pale-coloured to violet hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Calyx 1–2 mm. long, subentire to slightly lobed, often somewhat glabrescent, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Corolla 4–5 cm. long, pale green, generally red at least on the claws of the lobes inside, with an understorey of pale hairs and many longer pale, reddish or purplish dendritic to subsimple hairs 1–4 mm. long; apical swelling of bud ellipsoid, 5–7 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter; basal swelling slight; lobes reflexed, 9–12 mm. long, the upper half to three-fifths linear-lanceolate, hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Filaments generally pale green; tooth 0.5–0.8 mm. long; anthers 2–3 mm. long, with 6–8 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Style pale green, slender, only slightly broadened opposite the filaments, minutely to distinctly denticulate-papillate, narrowed 2–3.5 mm. below the obovoid stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Berry ellipsoid, with persistent calyx, 7–9 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter, shortly hairy, turning blue-green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075604 morphology 01C765F9-1215-43B1-B29A-C2A73C612C79 Fig. 19/1–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969333-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Stems in all directions to 1 m. or so, much branched; branchlets soon stout, tomentose, with longer orange-tawny dendritic to subsimple hairs 1–4 mm. long on youngest parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Leaves and leafy bracts rather crowded towards ends of branches; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm. long; lamina softly coriaceous, lanceolate to ovate-oblong or elliptic, 3–10 cm. long, 1.5–3 cm. wide, obtuse to subacute at the apex, cuneate to slightly rounded at the base, covered with inconspicuous greyish stellate and shortly dendritic hairs above, pale tomentellous beneath with slightly longer more tawny hairs at least medially, with 4–8 pairs of obscure lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Flowers 2–several in the axils, subsessile; pedicels mostly 0.5–1 mm. long; bracts mostly spathulate to foliaceous, 1–1.5 cm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Receptacle 2.5–3 mm. long, densely villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Calyx 1.5–2 mm. long, similarly hairy but somewhat glabrescent, long-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Corolla 4.5–6 cm. long, usually red at least on the claw of the lobes inside, otherwise cream to greenish, tomentellous with pale dendritic hairs and also sparingly villous with tawny-orange subsimple hairs 3–4 mm. long, also with a tuft of long hairs at the base; apical swelling of bud slight, 8–9 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter; basal swelling slight; lobes reflexed, 10–12 mm. long, the upper half linear-elliptic, pointed, hardened inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Filaments green to red; tooth 0.7–1 mm. long; anthers 3–4 mm. long, with 6–12 cells in each row. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Style pale green, slender, slightly thickened opposite the filaments, conspicuously glandular-papillate, narrowed to a 3–4 mm. long neck below the ovoid to obovoid stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Berry ellipsoid to obovoid, 8 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter, villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0001075610 morphology 441DFB13-F9E8-48E1-A29B-799298185C1C Fig. 19/8, 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969337-1 wfo-0000452919 morphology 0089B91F-8D7E-4676-8E55-AA5176C7BBC9 Glabrous tree to 25 m. tall and bole to 1.7 m. diameter, with spreading branches and smooth grey bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783682-1 wfo-0000452919 morphology 0089B91F-8D7E-4676-8E55-AA5176C7BBC9 Leaves 10–16 cm. long; rhachis flattened above, not winged; leaflets in 2–3 pairs, the lower ovate, ± 5–8(–12) cm. long, 2–4(–6) cm. wide, the upper elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic, 8–11 cm. long, 2.5–5 cm. wide, acute; in young and vigorous leaves the petiole and rhachis may be ± broadly winged and leaflets up to 18 cm. long, 8 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783682-1 wfo-0000452919 morphology 0089B91F-8D7E-4676-8E55-AA5176C7BBC9 Male inflorescences with several elongate racemose branches, 6–10 cm. long; female usually ± simple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783682-1 wfo-0000452919 morphology 0089B91F-8D7E-4676-8E55-AA5176C7BBC9 Flower whitish, 5–8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783682-1 wfo-0000452919 morphology 0089B91F-8D7E-4676-8E55-AA5176C7BBC9 Fruits green or yellow, sub-globose, plum-like, 2.5 cm. long, 1.5–2.5 cm. wide, with rather scanty flesh; seed yellowish white, large or 2 hemispherical seeds; aril salmon-coloured or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783682-1 wfo-0000459174 morphology DF4AB529-6F71-45CB-8EB1-1B59A98CC33A A tree 7.5–35(–53) m. tall, often buttressed; branchlets fulvous tomentose at first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785529-1 wfo-0000459174 morphology DF4AB529-6F71-45CB-8EB1-1B59A98CC33A Leaves bipinnate or upper ones at least forked, up to 2 m. long; petiole to 20 cm. long. Leaflets ovate to elliptic, 5–18 cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, emarginate, obtuse or acute and often mucronulate at the apex, acute to obtuse at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785529-1 wfo-0000459174 morphology DF4AB529-6F71-45CB-8EB1-1B59A98CC33A Inflorescence up to 40 cm. long, densely adpressed brownish pubescent; peduncle to 15 cm. long; cyme-stalks up to 8 mm. long; cymules containing both male and female flowers; pedicels 3–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785529-1 wfo-0000459174 morphology DF4AB529-6F71-45CB-8EB1-1B59A98CC33A Flowers sweet-scented; petals cream, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 2.2–2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785529-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Erect woody perennial 0.5–1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Stems usually bright reddish purple, puberulous to densely glandular pubescent or villous, somewhat viscid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Leaves narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 0.5–12(–16) cm. long, 0.8–3 cm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous to shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Pedicels axillary, extra-axillary or interpetiolar, 0.3–1.1 cm. long, bracteolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Calyx yellow-green, vermilion at base, later vermilion all over, ± 3 cm. long, 7 mm. wide, with distinct basal swelling, puberulous to densely glandular-pubescent, villous or hispid; lobes very short, alternating with setose sinus-horns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Petals white or yellowish, vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Stamens long-exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Disc excentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Ovary saccate near apex. Style exserted 1–1.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000630214 morphology 3E916D29-A4F2-449B-AB4E-65C76F7A5F26 Capsule many-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553111-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Glabrous shrub or small tree 1.5–7(–10.5–?12) m. tall often densely tangled and several m. wide; bark ashy grey or brown, smooth or striate; spines (modified young branches) sometimes present and up to 3.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Leaves elliptic or oblong to oblanceolate, 1–8.5 cm. long, 0.2–3.8 cm. wide, acute, apiculate or occasionally rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Inflorescences 3–25 cm. long; pedicels 2–4 mm. long; bracteoles linear, ± 0.5 mm. long; flowers sweet-scented; buds sometimes reddish at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Calyx-tube 1–1.7 mm. long; lobes 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Petals white, cream, greenish white, green or yellow, 1.5–2.5(–4) mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Filaments 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Style ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Fruits purplish green, 4–6 mm. long, 4.5–8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Seeds 2–2.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0000366658 morphology A843EC71-21A0-4219-B27C-065820E85279 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553638-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Glabrous aquatic or semiaquatic herb with creeping stems often reddish, having ascending or erect apical parts, 5–60 cm. long or tall, rooting at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Leaves decussate; blades ± round, obovate or oblong, 0.5–2.5 cm. long, 0.35–1.1 cm. wide, rounded at apex, subcordate or truncate at the base; venation often ± yellowish; petiole 0.5–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Flowers solitary, 4-merous, heterostylous; pedicels 2–5(–7) mm. long; bracteoles linear, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Calyx often pink, broadly cylindrical, 3.5–5 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, 8-veined; sepals broadly triangular, 0.8–1 mm. long, alternating with narrower sinus-horns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Petals pink, blue-purple, magenta or blue with darker venation, obovate, 6–8 mm. long, 4.5–5 mm. wide, almost immediately deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Stamens 8 in two unequal whorls; short-styled flowers with stamens 5–7.5 mm. long; long-styled flowers with stamens not exceeding the sepals; anthers blue. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Ovary oblong-ovoid, 2–3.5 mm. long; style up to 1 mm. long in short-styled flowers, 4–4.5 mm. long in long-styled flowers; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Capsule ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0001274331 morphology 656D60EC-FA93-4752-8359-6D63F01901D6 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553794-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Annual erect or decumbent herb 18–22 cm. long or tall; stems 4-angled, glabrous or scabrid on the angles, ± thick at base, up to 3 mm. wide, rooting at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Leaves decussate, oblong-lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 0.5–3 cm. long, 3–8 mm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, ± auriculate-cordate at the base, glabrous, 1-nerved, the nerve impressed above, ± prominent beneath, glabrous or minutely to distinctly hairy, thickened around the edges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Flowers 4–merous in few–many-flowered cymes forming very dense sessile or very shortly pedunculate glomerules; bracts lanceolate, 3 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide; bracteoles linear, 2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Calyx subglobose, 1.75–2 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, 0.8 mm. long; appendages subulate, erect, 1.3 mm. long, apically ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Petals absent or sometimes 1, purple, ± round, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Stamens 4, opposite the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Ovary globose, 2–3-locular; stigma and style 0.4–0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Capsule globose, splitting into ± 5 incomplete valves, rather distincdy closely striate somewhat as in Rotala but the ridges interrupted, not or scarcely exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Seeds brownish, ± 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381508 morphology 26488701-7683-4F2E-A444-1D33FCE962C4 Fig. 6/1–6, p. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980195-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Erect or decumbent glabrous or often scabrid to shortly hairy annual herb, 4–25 cm. tall; stems 4-angled, branched near base, the lower branches procumbent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Leaves decussate, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic, 0.7–2.7 cm. long, 3–10 mm. wide, subacute at the apex, the upper cordate, subcordate or ± rounded at the base, the lower cuneate-attenuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Flowers 4(–6)-merous, 3–few in sessile or pedunculate dichasia; peduncles 1.5–4 mm. long; pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long or that of pole flower up to 4 mm.; bracteoles whitish with green nerve, oblong-lanceolate, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Calyx-tube cupular, ±1.5 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, 0.3–0.5 mm. long; appendages erect, ± twice as long as the lobes, sometimes ciliolate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Petals absent or very rarely present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Stamens inserted below middle of the calyx-tube and reaching apices of lobes, filaments ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Ovary ± 1 mm. in diameter; style and stigma 0.3–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Capsule globose, ±1.5 mm. in diameter, scarcely exceeding calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Seeds brownish, ± 0.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381490 morphology 9316D943-128D-4BE8-BE90-D325C75F18D8 Fig. 6/7–14, p. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553892-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Annual or perennial completely glabrous prostrate or ascending subsucculent or aquatic herb, 0.07–0.5(–2) m. long with ± thick reddish brown ± 4-angled stems rooting at the lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Leaves obovate-oblong to oblanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, 0.5–6 cm. long, 0.3–2 cm. wide, obtuse or ± rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, 1-nerved, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Cymes lax, 1–7(–many)-flowered; peduncle 0–2(–15) mm. long; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 0.5–1 mm. long; pedicels 2–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Flowers 4-merous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Calyx ± globose, 2–2.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, 0.5–0.6 mm. long; appendages equalling the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Petals blue or mauve, 4 or sometimes wanting, broadly elliptic to round, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Stamens 4–6(–7), included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Ovary globose, ± 1 mm. diameter, 2-locular; style 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Capsule subglobose, ± 2 mm. in diameter, equalling the calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Seeds brownish, concave-convex, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0000381509 morphology 9EE8FFC0-A13E-4B0C-9D19-3EF3C9BC55D0 Fig. 6/15–21, p. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553902-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Erect or ascending glabrous herb 1–50 cm. tall or long, the short specimens erect; stems thickish, ± fleshy, 4-angled, sparsely branched, often rooting at basal nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Leaves decussate, narrowly elliptic or obovate, 0.6–4.2 cm. long, 0.2–1.5 cm. wide, ± obtuse at the apex, acute to obtuse at the base, ± 1-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Flowers 4–numerous, heterostylous, probably trimorphic in (1–)3–5(–9)-flowered dichasia; lower peduncles 0.1–1.2 cm. long, others 0.5–2.5 mm.; pedicels 2.5–6 mm. long; bracteoles subulate or lanceolate, scarcely 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Calyx ± 2.5 mm. long; lobes ± 0.8 mm. long, the alternating appendages 0.5 mm. long, spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Petals mauve, wine-red, or blue (fide Greenway), obovate, 3–4 mm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Stamens 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Long-styled flowers with longer stamens 2/3-exserted, shorter reaching tips of calyx-lobes; style ± 4–5 mm. long, overtopping the longer sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Intermediate-styled flowers with longer stamens just overtopping the stigma, shorter reachingjust below stigma; style ± 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Short-styled flowers with longer stamens 4.5 mm. long, shorter 3.5 mm. long; style ± 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Capsule globose, not or scarcely exserted from the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0001076084 morphology 63F3B642-8C52-429B-A4B3-56CA9D78A674 Fig. 6/22–28, p. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553939-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Annual or short-lived perennial herb or aquatic (fide Perrier), with glabrous decumbent stems 15–70 cm. long (over 1 m. in subsp. lupembensis), 4-angled, often rooting at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Leaves often reddish, narrowly oblong to oblong-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 1–3.5(–5.5) cm. long, 0.4–1.4(1.8) cm. wide, obtuse to ± acute at the apex, rounded, truncate or rarely subcordate at the base, glabrous, ± uninerved; petiole up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Flowers 4–5(–6)-merous in axillary pedunculate 3(–5)-flowered cymes (11–17-flowered in subsp. lupembensis); peduncles 1–2.1(–2.5–?4)cm. long, glabrous or puberulous; bracteoles lanceolate, linear-subulate or ± elliptic, 2–5 mm. long, ± folded; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Calyx-tube greenish purple, obconic, becoming subglobose, 2.5–3 mm. long, 8–10-nerved; lobes broadly triangular, ± 1 mm. long, acute, appendages, 1 mm. long, 3-denticulate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Petals rose, lilac or rose-purple, obovate, 5–6 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, rounded at apex, narrowed into a short claw at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Stamens (4), 8, 10 (or 12), 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Ovary globose, ± 1 mm. diameter; style purple, ± 5 mm. long in long-styled flowers, ±1–2 mm. in short-styled flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000381583 morphology 20D3F32E-A1EE-48F3-A8F1-4BACEBDF5DCF Capsule globose, ± 5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553979-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Erect spreading or procumbent perennial herb (0.08–)0.2–1.2 m. long; stems glabrous, greyish-pubescent or glabrescent occasionally becoming woody at base, often rooting at the nodes particularly in wet habitats. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Leaves decussate, oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or rarely ovate, 1–5.5 cm. long, 0.4–2.5 cm. wide, rounded to subacuminate at the apex, rounded to narrowed at base, cartilaginous and sometimes ciliate at the purplish margins, uninerved or sometimes with distinct lateral nerves, glabrous to pubescent, sessile or petiole 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Flowers 5–6(–7)-merous in many-flowered dichasia; peduncles 0.7–5.5 cm. long; pedicels 0.5–3 mm. long; bracteoles green flushed red, or whitish, 2–4, leafy, 3–10 mm. long and wide, shortly acuminate, cordate, venose, glabrous or ciliate; inner bracteoles linear, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Calyx campanulate, 3–4 mm. long, 10–12(–14)-ribbed; lobes reddish, triangular, ± 0.5 mm. long; appendages 1–5 mm. long, erect, ciliate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Petals pink, rose-red, mauve or purplish-magenta, obovate, 2.5–5.5 mm. long, up to 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Stamens pink, usually twice as many as the calyx-lobes, ± unequal, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Ovary subglobose, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, subglobose; style 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000382300 morphology E7615BC1-910E-47AC-B528-C03B26CC307B Seeds yellowish, concave-convex, 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553953-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Erect mostly glabrous or sometimes very shortly pubescent or shortly hispidulous annual herb, usually ephemeral, 2.5–15(–35) cm. tall with branched or unbranched 4-angled often crimson stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Leaves decussate, sessile, linear to narrowly oblong, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 0.8–3.5 cm. long, 1.5–8(–10) mm. wide, acute to obtuse at apex, cuneate at the base, uninerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Flowers 4–6-merous in solitary axillary (3–)5–7(–many)-flowered head-shaped dichasia, surrounded at the base by 2 greenish, broadly cordate acuminate nervose involucral bracts (3.5–)7.5–8 mm. long, (3–)6–7.5 mm. wide; peduncles 0.3–1.5 cm. long, glabrous or with patent hairs; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Calyx campanulate, 1.2–2 or reported to attain 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1.2–1.8 mm. wide; lobes triangular, 0.5 mm. long, the alternating appendages erect, linear, 1–2.5 mm. long, ± bent inwards, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Petals rose, lilac, magenta or violet, obovate, 2.5–3 mm. long, clawed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Stamens unequal, as many or twice as many as the calyx-lobes, up to 1.2 mm. long, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Ovary subglobose, 1–2 mm. in diameter, 2–4-locular; style exserted 2.5–3.5 mm., overtopping the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Capsule globose, 2.5 mm. diameter, enclosed in the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381472 morphology D4011E8E-1B63-4F4E-A9E6-F4E91C76DA04 Seeds brownish, ± 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553908-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Erect annual or ephemeral ± branched herb 3–30 cm. tall; stems subglabrous to ± hairy, the upper ones 4-angled or narrowly 4-winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Leaves sessile, decussate, ovate-lanceolate or sometimes lanceolate, 0.5–2.5 cm. long, 0.5–1 cm. wide, acute at the apex, truncate to cordate at the base (at least in upper leaves), glabrous, ± asperulous or ± hairy, 1-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Flowers 4(–6)-merous, subsessile, in ± numerous ± 5-flowered ± capitate dichasia surrounded at the base by 2 imbricate broadly cordate acuminate cymbiform bracts 4–7 mm. long and wide, often ± hairy outside, sometimes white, veined pink beneath; bracteoles linear to elliptic, 1.5–3.3 mm. long, acute, ciliate; peduncles 0.5–2.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Calyx-tube campanulate, 1.75–2 mm. long, 8- or 12-ribbed; lobes often red, triangular, 0.5 mm. long, the intermediary appendages erect, ± 1 mm. long, ciliate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Petals rose, mauve or pink, obovate, 1.5–2 mm. long, deciduous, ? occasionally lacking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Stamens 4–6, rarely 8–12, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Ovary subglobose, ± 1 mm. in diameter, 2(–3)-locular; style 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Capsule subglobose, 1.5–1.7 mm. long, included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0000381502 morphology 428A6746-F1CE-40FC-980E-150580128008 Fig. 8/12–21. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553901-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Erect annual glabrous herb, 0.25–1 m. tall; stems 4-angled, simple beneath, sparsely to ± much-branched in upper quarter, somewhat woody at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Leaves rigid, decussate, linear to linear-lanceolate or very narrowly elliptic, 2–8 cm. long, 0.3–1 cm. wide, acute at the apex, acute to obtuse at the base, 1-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Flowers 4–6-merous, heterostylous, subsessile, arranged in subsessile clusters aggregrated into terminal subglobose inflorescences up to 1.5 cm. long, 1.8 cm. wide, surrounded at the base by several reniform imbricate venose acuminate bracts ± 9 mm. wide; bracteoles oblong-spathulate, 5–6 mm. long, widened at the apex, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Calyx-tube narrowly campanulate, 3–4 mm. long, thin, 8–12-nerved; lobes triangular, 0.5 mm. long, acute, the alternating appendages erect or curved, narrow, ± 2 mm. long, ciliate above the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Petals purple or mauve, narrowly obovate, ± 4.5 mm. long, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Stamens as many as the calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Short-styled flowers: longer filaments 7 mm. long, shorter filaments 5.5 mm. long, overtopping stigma by 2.5 and 1 mm. respectively; style 4.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Long-styled flowers: longer filaments 6 mm. long, shorter 4 mm. long; style 7.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Ovary ellipsoid, 1.7 mm. long, 2-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Immature capsule ellipsoid-globose, 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001279925 morphology 2F4450D5-24CB-420B-9D81-4D5EA0FFC1BC Fig. 8/22–29, p. 25, urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553925-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Glabrous perennial herb 25–60 cm. tall, ± glaucous; stems 4-angled or almost winged above, somewhat branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Leaves decussate, linear-oblong to lanceolate, 1–6.5 cm. long, 1.5–5 mm. wide, narrowly tapering-acute at the apex, truncate to subcordate at the base, sometimes ± asperulous at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Flowers 5–7-merous in 1–3-flowered axillary dichasia in axils of small leaves at apices of stems; peduncles 0.15–1.1 cm. long; pedicels up to ± 1 mm. long; primary bracteoles at apex of peduncles narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2–6 mm. long, 0.8–1.2 mm. wide; secondary bracteoles lanceolate, up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Calyx-tube ± campanulate, sometimes ± urceolate in fruit, ± 4 mm. long, 10–14-plicate-ribbed; lobes triangular, ± 1 mm. long, the intermediate appendages 0.5 mm. long, spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Petals pink, obovate, 7 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Stamens 10–14, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Ovary ellipsoid, 4–5-locular; style 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001223649 morphology 03180708-F037-4953-9BF8-9C0AAF4D5C7E Fig. 8/30–35, p. 25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553905-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Perennial glabrous herb, 0.45–1.8 m. tall, with stiffly erect pale single stems, ± woody but slender and probably from a woody rootstock, branched in upper part, the slender branchlets angular; lower parts of main stem with bark fibrillating. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Leaves grey-green, stiff, erect, sessile, decussate, longer than the internodes, linear-oblong to narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 1–2.8(–4) cm. long, 1.5–5(–12) mm. wide, ± sharply acute at the apex, rounded or slightly subcordate at the base, margin recurved when dry; midrib strongly raised beneath but lateral venation invisible or very obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Cymes numerous, 1–3-flowered, borne on the branchlets mostly one from each axil of a leaf-pair, often deciduous leaving axes; peduncle filiform, 4–8 mm. long; pedicels 1.5–2 mm. long; bracteoles narrowly oblong, ± 1(–2) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Calyx-tube obconic to campanulate, 2.5–3 mm. long, very grooved in young flowers in dry state; lobes 5–6, broadly triangular 0.6–1 mm. long, not mucronate, with 2 impressed nerves; appendages 6, obvious in young buds but later obscure, scarcely 0.8 mm. long (subnulli fide Koehne). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Petals 5–6, red-mauve or pink, elliptic, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Stamens 10–12; filaments 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Small tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Leaves: petiole 7–10 mm. long, glabrous, the interpulvinary part as long as the pulvini or longer; lamina elliptic- or obovate-acuminate, up to 6 cm. long and 2.8 cm. wide, rounded at the base, prolonged into an obtuse acumen at the apex; lower surface pubescent at first but glabrescent, the upper surface glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Flowers 2–7 in short axillary racemes, the racemes sometimes aggregated into a short pseudopanicle; pedicels 8–15 mm. long; bracts ovate, concave, up to 1 mm. long; bracteoles broadly ovate, concave, up to 1 mm. long, sometimes striate, caducous, inserted 1.5–3 mm. below calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Buds obtuse at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Calyx 5–6 mm. long, pubescent with minute appressed hairs, splitting down one side, the apex entire or divided into 2–3 pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Petals ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers ± 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Ovary ± 2.5 mm. long, greyish tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000212018 morphology 0C158ED2-0E51-4AD3-BF99-B81034794508 Pods not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480902-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Shrub up to 5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Young branches sparsely pubescent or subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Leaves: petiole 6–19 mm. long, the interpulvinary part longer than the pulvini; lamina ovate- to elliptic-acuminate, 4–14 cm. long, 1.8–4.3 cm. wide, often wavy at the margin, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, glabrous on both surfaces except on the midrib beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Flowers 1–2 from the axils; pedicels slender, 0.7–3.2 cm. long, with sparse brownish hairs; bracteoles ovate- to linear-triangular, 1–3 × 0.3–1.6 mm., inserted immediately below the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Buds acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Calyx 8–10 mm. long, with sparse brown hairs mostly near the apex, splitting down one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Petals 13–17 mm. long, white, with a golden stripe running up from the base of the standard inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers 1.4–1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Ovary densely covered with long forwardly directed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Pod ± rhombic, ± 4 cm. long and 1.8 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211991 morphology 129D1EEA-45A5-4D95-8DA6-2BFB803B4CAF Fig. 11, p. 57. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480871-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Shrub or small tree up to 8 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Young stems pubescent or subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Leaves: petiole 4–27 mm., the interpulvinary part usually distinct; lamina broadly ovate to elliptic, obovate or rarely suborbicular, up to 9 cm. long and 5.5 cm. wide; upper and lower surfaces glabrous to densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Flowers in axillary fascicles of 1–7(–12) flowers; pedicels 6–16(–24) mm. long; bracteoles linear-oblong to linear, 1.5–5 × 0.3–0.8 mm., inserted immediately below the calyx or up to 5 mm. distant from it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Calyx 6–12 mm. long, pubescent with appressed or spreading hairs, splitting down one side only, with 2–3(–5) teeth showing at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Petals white, the standard with a yellow blotch at the base; standard 8–22 mm. long; wings 8–22 mm. long; keel-petals 8–19 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers 0.7–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Ovary sparsely to densely covered with longish white or brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Pod 7–11 (–13) × 1–1.5 cm., blackish- or purplish-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000211998 morphology C877595C-888D-40BF-968F-F018E8DF9106 Seeds lenticular, 8–11 × 7–9 mm., reddish-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480887-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Small tree ± 5m. high (fide Harms). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Young stems shortly brown pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Leaves: petiole 6–9 mm., the interpulvinary part distinct and shorter than or equalling the pulvini; lamina elliptic- to obovate-acuminate, 3–7.5 cm. long, 1.5–3 cm. wide, rounded and ± asymmetrical at the base, coriaceous; lower surface glabrous, or pubescent when very young and soon glabrescent, upper surface glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Flowers in few-flowered fascicles or solitary in the leaf-axils; pedicels 10–12 mm., somewhat thickened in the upper part, densely brown pubescent; bracteoles reniform to semicircular, ± 0.5–1.5 mm., inserted immediately beneath the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Calyx 7–8 mm. long, shortly appressed pubescent with brown hairs, or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Petals white with yellow blotch, 8–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers ± 1.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Ovary glabrous, or with hairs ± restricted to the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212033 morphology 67B85056-CC64-419F-BAA6-57D2314D6423 Pod not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480910-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Shrub or small tree up to 7 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Young stems pubescent with rusty-brown hairs but soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Leaves: petiole 0.4–1.0 cm., pubescent, the interpulvinary part longer than to shorter than the pulvini; lamina ovate to oblong or oblanceolate, 3.5–9 cm. long, 1.3–3.7 cm. wide, with an acuminate apex (“drip tip”), rounded and sometimes asymmetrical at the base, coriaceous; lower surface glabrous or pubescent particularly on the midrib, upper surface glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Flowers in axillary fascicles of 1–4; pedicels 0.5–1.2(–2.0) cm., not or only slightly narrowing towards the base, ± rusty-tomentose; bracteoles ± semicircular, inserted immediately beneath the calyx and forming a cupule 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Calyx 12–14 mm. long, covered with a short rusty-brown tomentum, splitting down one side only and usually showing 2 teeth at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Petals white; standard 16–20 mm. long; wings 14–16 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Ovary black, glabrous on the surfaces, with spreading rusty-brown hairs on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 Pods 6–8.5 × 1.8–2.2 cm., blackish, with raised venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212036 morphology DBC575CE-5CAC-418C-8539-A5431EC490C0 (The floral dimensions given for this species in F.C.B. appear not to correspond with those of the specimens cited there, nor with those of East African specimens.) urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480850-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Shrub or tree up to 14 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Young branchlets glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Leaves: petiole 3–8 mm. long, glabrous, the interpulvinary part shorter to longer than the upper pulvinus; lamina obovate- or oblanceolate-acuminate, (1.5–)2.5–6.8 cm. long, (0.8–)1.4–2.4 cm. wide, rounded and often asymmetrical at the base, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Flowers solitary in the axils; pedicels 13–17 mm. long, glabrous; bracteoles reniform or semi-orbicular, ± 0.5 × 1.5 mm., ciliate, inserted immediately beneath the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Calyx 9–10 mm. long, glabrous, splitting down one side only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Petals white; standard 12–15 mm. long; wings 10–14 mm. long; keel-petals 9–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Ovary glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212032 morphology 31FAE130-E79D-499C-9773-1594628791AC Pod 6–8.5 cm. long, 1.6–1.8 cm. wide, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480909-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Shrub or small tree up to 5(–10) m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Young stems glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Leaves: petiole 2–5 mm. long, the upper and lower pulvini confluent and no interpulvinary part visible; lamina ovate- or elliptic- or lanceolate-acuminate, 3–9.5 cm. long, 1.5–4.5 cm. wide, with a pronounced “drip-tip”, rounded and often somewhat asymmetrical at the base, coriaceous; both surfaces glabrous except occasionally for a few hairs at the base of the midrib on the lower surface or on the petiole. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Flowers solitary or in pairs in the axils of foliage leaves; pedicels 0.4–1.5(–2.4) cm. long, glabrous to shortly pubescent especially in the upper part; bracteoles ± semicircular, inserted immediately beneath the calyx and forming a cupule 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Calyx 15–19 mm. long, glabrous except usually for a small patch of short hairs at the apex, splitting down one side only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Petals white with a yellow blotch near the base, (15–)17–25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Stamen-filaments glabrous; anthers 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Ovary blackish, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000212045 morphology 6B6FAD15-5621-42FB-B868-D92F615E7C1B Pods 6–9 × 1.5–2.2 cm., brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:480927-1 wfo-0000171654 morphology A9E71A71-1683-4905-A14D-9995335E174C The samaroid fruits are some 20 cm. long, with a basal globular seed-bearing part covered in long spines and a large oblong-falcate wing, from which the style-base arises in the form of a spur from the upper side near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485534-1 wfo-0000171654 morphology A9E71A71-1683-4905-A14D-9995335E174C The flowers resemble those of Pterocarpus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485534-1 wfo-0000171654 morphology A9E71A71-1683-4905-A14D-9995335E174C The large leaflets have conspicuous glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:485534-1 wfo-0000201168 morphology B978E241-EA40-4CA1-A04A-DFE9718D995E It is in every respect like a Derris (see p. 73) except for the distinctive fruit, which is somewhat flattened but very thick-walled, obliquely oblong-elliptic in outline. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515679-1 wfo-0000172971 morphology CEED4826-3998-4EA4-9A70-519E8D682C0A Is most easily recognized by the samaroid fruits closely resembling those of Acer, Securidaca or Pterolobium; the yellow flowers resemble those of Pterocarpus. Tipuana tipu in fruit is easily confused with Pterogyne nitens Tul.(Caesalpinioïdeae), also cultivated in Nairobi. The seed-bearing part of the fruit is ovoid, not flattened, the veins less conspicuous and the stipe longer than in Pterogyne. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:254607-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Tree 7.5–10(–30) m. tall, with a somewhat columnar or pyramidal crown in Africa (often more spreading in America); bark fairly smooth, grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Branchlets with small reddish-brown mostly spreading hairs at the tips, soon glabrescent, covered with small closely arranged lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Leaves 20–40 cm. long; stipules linear, 6–10 mm. long, caducous; stipels subulate, 1–5 mm. long; leaflets in 4–8 pairs, oblong-lanceolate or rather narrowly oblong to elliptic-oblong, 5–11(–17) cm. long, 2–5(–6) cm. wide, bluntly pointed to shortly acuminate, cuneate or shortly rounded at the base, soon glabrescent except sometimes for small hairs along the midrib beneath; midrib immersed above, very prominent beneath; lateral nerves fine, ± 12–18 on either side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Panicles terminal and axillary, well branched, 15–40(–60) cm. long, shortly brownish hairy; bracts linear-lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles inserted on very short pedicel, similar to bract. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Calyx shortly toothed, 4–5 mm. long, purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Corolla 12–15 mm. long, pinkish to purplish-red; standard suborbicular, glabrous; wings as long as the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Fruit broadly ovoid or ellipsoid, slightly keeled, supported on a short thick stipe, 3.2–7.5 cm. long, rugulose, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0000171592 morphology 31C08554-3ACB-454D-A7D3-68E43E4D9479 Seed ellipsoid, slightly pointed at either end and with a small protuberance just below the hilum, ± 2.5 cm. long; testa delicate, wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1075415-2 wfo-0001053784 morphology BEEBC6C1-CA92-4A66-B277-436280EA13A5 It is a small tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503128-1 wfo-0001053784 morphology BEEBC6C1-CA92-4A66-B277-436280EA13A5 Each leaf with ± 7 rather large elliptic-oblong leaflets with strongly raised lateral nerves beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503128-1 wfo-0001053784 morphology BEEBC6C1-CA92-4A66-B277-436280EA13A5 Subracemose contracted panicles of 7.5–10 mm. long crimson or deep purple flowers sericeous-pubescent on the standard outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503128-1 wfo-0001053784 morphology BEEBC6C1-CA92-4A66-B277-436280EA13A5 Fruits subcoriaceous, attenuately elliptic, 8.5–11 cm. long and thin at the edges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503128-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 More or less evergreen tree, 4.5–21 (–27) m. tall, with a rounded crown; bark grey, becoming reticulately fissured, rough and flaking; slash cream to yellow-green, sometimes at least producing a red sticky exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 Young branchlets with a ± dense grey or yellowish-grey indumentum of small crisped hairs; older branchlets glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 Leaves ± 17–32 cm. long; stipules linear-lanceolate to pointed-oblong, 6–8 mm. long, sometimes rather rigid and subpersistent; stipels setaceous, 2–4 mm. long; lateral leaflets in 1–2 (vary rarely –3) pairs, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic-oblong, 5.5–12(–17) cm. long, 2–6.5(–10) cm. wide, pointed to rounded at apex, narrowed to the cuneate, rounded or slightly cordate base, a little unequal-sided, ultimately coriaceous, densely covered at least beneath with a greyish or yellowish-grey indumentum of very short crisped hairs, usually ± glabrescent above and to some extent beneath, but sometimes rather persistently floccose-tomentose; primary lateral nerves 7–9 on either side, fairly closely spaced, prominent beneath; venation rather closely reticulate, similarly prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 Panicles predominantly terminal, ultimately pendulous, with numerous relatively snort slender branches, up to 15–34 cm. long; axes ± densely and shortly covered with hairs like those of the branchlets; bracts linear or lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, evanescent; bracteoles near top of the 2–5 mm. long pedicel, linear, 1–2 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 Calyx 4.5–7 mm. long, with a short silvery-grey tomentum; lateral lobes pointed, often acuminate, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 Corolla 9–12 mm. long, pale mauve to purplish, faintly scented, often (almost invariably in East Africa) sparsely and shortly hairy at least at the tip of the standard outside; standard obovate, basally auriculate and with small calluses just above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199316 morphology 2846A207-4188-4AB1-9236-3361DE0BEFF0 Fruit elliptic-oblong to linear-oblong, with a narrow wing along the upper edge, pointed or acuminate, abruptly to attenuately narrowed to a 5–15 mm. long stipe, 7–15(–21) cm. long, 2–3.5(–4) cm. wide, covered with a short ± dense crisped indumentum (sometimes wearing away on older fruits), laxly venose, 1–2(–3)-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502911-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Deciduous tree, 3–12 m. tall; bark grey or brownish, becoming rough and flaking; slash producing a blood-red resinous exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Young branchlets sparsely puberulous to conspicuously appressed pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Leaves 15–45 cm. long; stipules linear or subulate, up to 2 mm. long, caducous; rhachis of mature leaves prolonged ± 3–6 cm. beyond uppermost pair of lateral leaflets, subglabrous to thinly pubescent; stipels up to 1.5–2 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets in 2–3 pairs, narrowly oblong-elliptic or elliptic, 5.4–15(–18) cm. long, 2–5.5 cm. wide, narrowed at either end, sub-coriaceous, greyish to silvery pubescent on both surfaces at first, glabrescent to varying degrees, but generally thinly puberulous beneath at maturity; primary lateral nerves (8–) 10–14 on either side, laxly inserted, prominulous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Panicles precocious or produced with young leaves, aggregated near branch-tips, both terminal and in axils of fallen leaves, erect at first, ultimately pendulous, up to 18–40(–60) cm. long, with numerous relatively short spreading branches; axes pubescent to tomentellous; bracts lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long, evanescent; bracteoles at top of 2–5 mm. long pedicel, minute, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Calyx 3.5–5(–6) mm. long, purplish with a short silvery or whitish appressed tomentum; lateral lobes 1–2 mm. long, bluntly pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Corolla 9–14 mm. long, pinkish-mauve to deep lilac, with a median white or yellow patch on standard inside; standard broadly ovate, basally auriculate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199452 morphology 74545CAF-CA82-4917-ADA2-B927F967B20F Fruit narrowly elliptic-oblong to linear-oblong, narrowed to the shortly rounded or pointed apex, narrowed to a 4–10 mm. long stipe, slightly sinuate between the seeds, 6–14 cm. long, 1.3–2 cm. wide, reddish-green maturing pale brown, thinly puberulous, glabrescent, 1–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502992-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Deciduous rather slender tree, (3–)6–15 m. tall; bark grey to greyish-brown, becoming fissured, rather rough and flaking; slash pale brown to cream or white with red sticky exudate from inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Young branchlets pubescent to tomentellous, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Leaves (11–)13–28(–35) cm. long; stipules subulate, 1–7 mm. long, sometimes rigid and persistent; rhachis of leaves of flowering branches prolonged ± 0.8–1.5 cm. beyond the uppermost pair of leaflets (up to 3 cm. or more on leaves of sucker shoots and perhaps other sterile branches), subglabrous to tomentose; stipels l–2.5(–5) mm. long; lateral leaflets in 3–4(–5) pairs, usually oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate or obovate, but sometimes (particularly inland) elliptic or oblong-elliptic (but even then terminal leaflet usually broadest above the middle), 4–9 cm. long, 2–4.5 cm. wide, pointed, rounded or emarginate at apex, rarely slightly acuminate, narrowed to a cuneate or shortly rounded base, ultimately chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous to thinly pubescent above, subglabrous to densely pubescent beneath; primary lateral nerves 5–7(–8) on either side, laxly inserted, prominent beneath to varying degrees. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Panicles precocious or with young leaves, aggregated near branch-tips, both terminal and in axils of fallen leaves, 8–30(–40) cm. long, with numerous relatively short ascending or spreading branches; axes sparsely pubescent to tomentellous; bracts lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles at top of the 3–6 mm. long pedicel, lanceolate to linear-elliptic, 0.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Calyx 4–5 mm. long, often purplish, with silvery-grey to yellowish appressed but variably dense indumentum; lateral lobes 1–1.5 mm. long, bluntly pointed to rounded (at least in East Africa). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Corolla 9–12 mm. long, pinkish-mauve to purplish, usually with a median yellowish marking on standard inside; standard suborbicular to obovate, basally auriculate and with 2 ridge-shaped calluses above, glabrous or practically so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Fruit elliptic-oblong to linear-oblong, pointed or shortly rounded at apex, narrowed to a 3–6 mm. long stipe, sometimes slightly sinuate between the seeds, (5–)8–13 cm. long, 1.2–2 cm. wide, pale brown, shortly appressed pubescent, glabrescent, 1–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199264 morphology 8C785BE9-82C6-424F-8DA7-2B2CB8A3220B Fig. 13/1–11, p. 69. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502907-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Small deciduous generally slender tree or shrub, 3–12(–15) m. tall, with ± rounded crown; bark pale greyish, smooth to reticulately fissured; slash pinkish-white, producing (? always) a red resinous exudate from the inner side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Young branchlets generally yellowish-grey floccose-tomentose, rarely only crisped pubescent; older branchlets glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Leaves 10–26 cm. long; stipules linear, linear-lanceolate or subulate, 2–8(–10) mm. long, sometimes rather rigid and subpersistent; rhachis prolonged 1–2(–3) cm. beyond the uppermost pair of leaflets, usually tomentose, sometimes subglabrous to pubescent; stipels 2–4 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets in 3–5 pairs, oblong-oblanceolate or oblong-elliptic to elliptic, elliptic-obovate or obovate (the terminal leaflet at least usually broadest above the middle), 3–6(–7) cm. long, 1.6–3.5(–5) cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded or emarginate at apex, narrowed to the generally rounded or slightly cordate somewhat unequal-sided base, felted or subcoriaceous, subglabrous to densely pubescent above, appressed pubescent to floccose-tomentose beneath; primary lateral nerves 5–7(–8) on either side, prominent beneath; venation similarly prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Panicles aggregated near branch-tips, both terminal and in axils of current or more often fallen leaves, 10–30(–37) cm. long, with numerous relatively short ascending or spreading branches; axes floccose-tomentose; bracts linear to lanceolate, 2–7 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles at top of the 3–5 mm. long pedicel, linear to lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 1–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Calyx 5–8(–9) mm. long, with a whitish to yellowish or slightly tawny floccose tomentum, occasionally ± sericeous-tomentose; lateral lobes acute to acuminate, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Corolla 9–14 mm. long, mauve or lilac to reddish-purple; standard obovate to suborbicular, basally auriculate and with ridge-shaped calluses above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Fruit usually narrowly oblong, pointed at apex, shortly rounded or less commonly narrowed to the 3–5 mm. long stipe, sinuate between the seeds, 7–15 cm. long, 1.8–2.8(–3.5) cm. wide, pale brown, usually densely pubescent, rarely glabrescent, 1–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199356 morphology 38F60E40-1ECE-4259-84AE-DB2F869A87BC Fig. 13/12, p. 69. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502946-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Deciduous tree, 3–12 m. tall, or sometimes a shrub; bark greyish or brown, smooth to reticulately fissured; slash yellow or pinkish-white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Young branchlets densely pilose to floccose-tomentose, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Leaves (6–)8–20 cm. long, 1–5-foliolate; stipules subulate to pointed-oblong, 3–7 mm. long, mostly caducous, but sometimes some rigid and subpersistent; petiole and rhachis pilose and ± glabrescent to floccose-tomentose; leaflets ovate-oblong to elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, rarely oblong-oblanceolate, 3–15 cm. long, (1–)2–9 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded or emarginate at apex, rarely shortly acuminate, cuneate (particularly terminal leaflets of compound leaves) to rounded or cordate at base, coriaceous when mature, felted tomentose at least beneath when young, ultimately subglabrous to pubescent above and rather densely pubescent beneath; primary lateral nerves 6–8 on either side, prominent beneath; venation ultimately strongly raised beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Panicles precocious or with young leaves, terminal and in axils of fallen leaves near branch-tips, 10–40 cm. long, with numerous relatively short branches; axes floccose-tomentose; bracts linear to lanceolate, 2–4 mm. long, deciduous; bracteoles at top of the 2–4 mm. long pedicel, usually a little smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Calyx 5–7 mm. long, floccose-tomentose; lateral lobes pointed, 2–3 mm. long (sometimes rather shorter and more rounded in subsp. nelsii). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Corolla 11–15 mm. long, mauve or lilac to purplish; standard obovate-orbicular to suborbicular, with basal auricles and prominent calluses. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199494 morphology 6CEC1F88-DB22-4EFB-997C-F3BFCC38D9D7 Fruit linear-oblong, bluntly pointed, narrowed to the short stipe, 4.5–9 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, tomentellous, ultimately somewhat glabrescent, 1–2(–3)-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503036-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Woody climber or in Madagascar ? a shrub or small tree (fide Baron). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Branchlets with scattered brownish hairs, soon glabrescent, conspicuously lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Leaves 12–25 cm. long; stipules linear or lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, striate, subpersistent; stipels setaceous, 1–2 mm. long; lateral leaflets in 2–4 pairs, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 5–9 cm. long, 1.8–4.5 cm. wide, markedly acuminate, broadly cuneate to shortly rounded at base, membranous, subglabrous or thinly puberulous beneath, with 6–10 fine curved-ascending lateral nerves on either side and fine laxly reticulate venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Panicles terminal and axillary, with numerous slender spreading-ascending primary branches, 12–28 cm. long, rather laxly many-flowered, shortly hairy; bracts lanceolate, up to 4 mm. long, early caducous; bracteoles at top of the 3–5 mm. long pedicel, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Calyx 3–4 mm. long, appressed puberulous; lateral lobes rounded, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Corolla 8–11 mm. long, purple or (in Madagascar) reddish; standard suborbicular, with small calluses at base of the blade inside, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199474 morphology 9A3E27F8-2F3E-4887-85A1-67E656246016 Fruit linear-oblong, rounded at apex, shortly stipitate, thickened and slightly sinuate along the margins, 6–7 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, chartaceous, subglabrous, venose, 4–7-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:503013-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Woody climber up to 13–21 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Stamens included, free from each other and from pistil head; filaments very short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Ovary glabrous or hairy; ovules numerous; style terete, stigma bifid, subtended by a clavuncula positioned at the level of the base of the anthers urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Fruit a many-seeded indehiscent berry with or without a sclerified pericarp; pulp sweet and acid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000020540 morphology FFC0D7B7-DCCC-46D4-9295-E5A4E839A35A Seeds many, endospermous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331696-2 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Lianas with tendrils; white latex present in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Leaves opposite, inserted on distinct leaf cushions; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Inflorescence axillary, thyrsoid, congested or lax urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Flowers 5-merous, fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Sepals green, without colleters urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Corolla white, pinkish or yellowish; corolla lobes overlapping to the left urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Stamens deeply included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Ovary 1–celled, with 2 parietal placentas, almost connate at the base, therefore often seemingly 2–locular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000008640 morphology 8A9B9360-E715-4695-B6DE-F6130C5E54BE Fruit a yellow or orange berry with black seeds embedded in fibrous pulp; endosperm copious. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2266-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Lianas with curled tendrils; white, sticky latex present in all parts; branches with conspicuous transverse leaf scars, lenticellate, virgate-sarmentose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Leaves opposite, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Inflorescence a loose, elongate, terminal panicle of cymes; pedunculate, often tendril-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Corolla glabrous outside, inside pilose at the widest part of the almost cylindrical tube; corolla lobes overlapping to the left, long-ciliate along the margin that is covered in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Stamens inserted at the widened part of the tube; anthers cordate at the base, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Ovary of two united carpels, disk absent; pistil head composed of an oblong stigmatic basal part and a cleft stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Fruit a red, orange or yellow berry; pulp yellow urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000011577 morphology C1DA738D-958E-4761-B49F-8888F86FD799 Seeds brown; cotyledons flat, undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2298-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Sarmentose shrubs or lianas, at least partly with a rusty brown indumentum, with large curled tendrils; latex present urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Leaves opposite, petiolate, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Inflorescence a long terminal panicle, with sensitive branches, these later becoming climbing hooks urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Flowers sweet-scented urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Sepals green, often seemingly rusty brown by indumentum, usually without colleters urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Corolla white or nearly so; tube narrow, often thickened above the stamens, glabrous or pubescent outside; corolla lobes overlapping to the left, fringed with white hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Stamens deeply included, inserted at the lower quarter of the tube; anthers narrowly triangular, cordate at the base, keeled along the back, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Ovary unilocular, hairy, abruptly narrowed into the style; pistil head of a subglobose or cylindrical stigmatic basal part and a short, bilobed stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Fruit a berry, yellow to red, globose or pear-shaped or nearly so, rounded at the apex, softly velutinous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000001936 morphology 4F69FED6-E42D-4F23-9255-C8189295D8A1 Seed with horny endosperm, surrounding the embryo. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2198-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Lianas with curled tendrils and white latex in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Leaves opposite, with some colleters in axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Inflorescences terminal in forks or on the tendrils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Flowers sweet-scented urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Corolla white or creamy with orange or yellow throat; tube inside with a pilose belt around the anther; lobes overlapping to the left urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Stamens inserted below the middle of the tube; anthers glabrous, acute at the apex, cordate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Ovary glabrous or with a setose belt just below the truncate apex; pistil head oblong or ellipsoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000033702 morphology 4DC316C3-D4D2-4178-80C0-1E841483C464 Fruit a many-seeded berry with a glabrous, smooth or rough sclerified pericarp and edible pulp. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2560-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Tree or shrub, glabrous in all parts except inside the corolla tube; white latex present in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Inflorescence terminal, rarely axillary, a compound umbellate cyme, pedunculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Flowers fragrant or not urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Sepals imbricate, with 2–4 rows of colleters at the extreme base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Corolla tube thick and fleshy, almost cylindrical; lobes overlapping to the left, entire, spreading and later recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Stamens included; filaments short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Ovary of two separate carpels, united at the extreme base by a disk-like thickening; ovules numerous in each carpel; pistil head of a stigmatic oblong basal part and a stigmoid apex up to 1.5 mm long urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000029615 morphology 4B9420CF-D893-4E88-8472-0276C6A7F158 Fruit of two separate mericarps, up to 80-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2513-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Shrubs or trees, rarely lianas, glabrous in all parts except inside the corolla tube; white or colourless latex present in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Inflorescence mostly terminal, sometimes also axillary, few–many-flowered cymes, dense to lax, pedunculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Flowers fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Sepals free or connate, with colleters covering about half of the sepal length urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Corolla tube much longer than calyx, almost cylindrical; corolla lobes overlapping to the left in bud, sometimes twisted, spreading and recurved later urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Stamens included urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Ovary of 2 separate carpels united at the extreme base by a disk-like thickening; pistil head of a stigmatic subglobose basal part and a stigmoid apex up to 1 mm long; ovules 1–6(–30) in each carpel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Fruit smooth or warty (not in our area), of two separate mericarps, with a rounded to beaked apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000018433 morphology 3197A6BA-26F2-4CA0-A8C3-4CAA0912DAD4 Seeds 1–9(–26), brown, variously shaped. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2377-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Shrubs or small trees, rarely lianas, with all parts glabrous except inside the corolla tube; white latex present in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Inflorescence predominantly axillary, sometimes terminal at the same time, fasciculate, ramiflorous, 1–40-flowered, sessile; bracts very small, scale-like; pedicels 1–2 mm long urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Flowers very fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Sepals without colleters urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Corolla pure white to yellow; tube greenish in bud; lobes overlapping to the left in bud, always shorter than the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Ovary of 2–5 separate carpels, united at the extreme base by a disk-like thickening; pistil head ellipsoid or oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Fruit yellow to bright orange, smooth to rugose, of 2–5 separate mericarps (2 in our area), with a rounded to hooked apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000030231 morphology E6C609FC-E0D9-4F8E-9404-8E9793AC4CFF Seeds brown, sometimes angular; embryo straight, spatulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2516-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Shrubs or trees, repeatedly dichotomously branched; bark and branchlets with some white latex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Leaves opposite; petiole or leaf bases of a pair connate into a short ochrea, with a single row of colleters in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Inflorescences cymose, in pairs at the forks of branches; bracts deciduous, rarely persistent, leaving conspicuous scars urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Flowers often fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Calyx green, usually shed with the corolla, united for over 2/3, inside with colleters urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Corolla creamy or yellow; tube shorter or only slightly longer than than the calyx, twisted; lobes in bud overlapping to the left urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Stamens exserted or included; anthers introrse, sessile, narrowly triangular, acuminate at the sterile apex, sagittate at the base, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Ovary broadly ovoid, of two carpels, free or connate at the base, rarely entirely fused; disk present; pistil head with a ring at the base, obovoid, coherent with the connectives of the anthers; stigmoid apex short; style and stigma shed with the corolla urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Fruits of two fleshy carpels, free, less often partly of wholly united urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 morphology 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 Seeds surrounded by a yellow or orange pulpy aril, numerous; endosperm copious, starchy, creamy to white, ruminate, surrounding the spatulate creamy white embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000040400 distribution 22AB7637-D5EA-47E5-A639-601F6C639328 An Old World genus of 12 species, 7 in Africa and 5 in SE Asia. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2620-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Shrubs or lianas, glabrous in all parts; white latex present in most parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Leaves opposite; petiole with a single row of colleters in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Inflorescences one or two, at branch apex just below its ramification, pendulous, pedunculate, cymose, congested urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Flowers actinomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Corolla white; lobes in bud overlapping to the left urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Stamens included; anthers introrse, narrowly oblong, apiculate or obtuse,auriculate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Pistil glabrous; ovary broadly ovoid, of 2 almost free carpels, surrounded at the base by a shallowly lobed almost free disk; pistil head composed of a 5-ribbed or -winged clavuncular body, each wing between the auriculae of the anther, stigma obscure urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Fruit berry-like, many-seeded, the two mericarps free or partly connate, yellow to orange; wall thin, pulp fleshy; aril very thin urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 morphology 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Seeds ovoid, with deeply pitted testa and slightly ruminate endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006053 distribution 5EAFA31B-11EC-4F3D-96E1-8EE93B83023F Seven species in tropical Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2237-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Shrub repeatedly dichotomously branched; white latex present in most parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Leaves opposite; petiole or leaf bases of a pair united at the base, forming a very short ochrea, with a single row of colleters in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Inflorescence in pairs in the forks, pedunculate, corymbose, lax urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Corolla white, creamy or pale yellow, with many red longitudinal lines at the base of the lobes and at the apex of the tube; lobes in bud overlapping to the left. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Stamens included; anthers introrse, sessile, narrowly triangular, acuminate, apex sterile, sagittate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Pistil glabrous; ovary broadly ovoid, of 2 free carpels, surrounded at the base by an entire disk; pistil head composed of a stigmatic subglobose basal part surrounded by an entire, thin, slightly recurved ring and a bifid stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000006848 morphology D176D65C-46AF-4261-BF28-41700DB0B96D Fruit of 2, free pod-like follicles, dehiscent adaxially; pericarp soft, orange inside; seeds surrounded by a darker orange pulpy aril, obliquely ellipsoid or ovoid; endosperm copious, starchy, creamy, ruminate, surrounding the spatulate embryo. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2249-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Shrub, repeatedly dichotomously branched, with white latex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Leaves opposite, petiolate; colleters present in 1–2 rows in leaf axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Inflorescence two together in forks of branches, congested urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Flowers 5-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Sepals free, subequal, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Corolla salver-shaped, lobes in bud overlapping to the right urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Stamens included, anthers sessile, introrse, upper two thirds fertile and dehiscent longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Ovary of two free rounded carpels; pistil head with a basal cylindrical part 0.4–0.9 mm long and a bifid stigmoid apex; disk present, adnate to the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Fruits of two ellipsoid almost free follicles, laterally compressed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000034467 morphology 493BA94A-6468-4A1B-9029-DCA51DC5B2FC Seeds surrounded by a thin pulpy red or orange aril; endosperm white, copious; embryo white, spatulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2563-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Trees or shrubs, sometimes lianas, with white or yellow sticky latex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Leaves (sub-) opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Inflorescence terminal or in the axils of upper leaves, thyrsoid, lax to congested urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Flowers fragrant, actinomorphic except for the slightly unequal sepals urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Corolla salver-shaped; tube with a subcampanulate upper and a cylindrical narrower basal portion, constricted at the throat; lobes overlapping to the left, with corona at the base; urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Stamens included; anthers completely fertile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Ovary of two free carpels, coherent at the base, placentation parietal, ovules 4 in each carpel; pistil head with a pubescent, basal stigmatic subcylindrical part and a bifid stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Fruits composed of two woody follicles, coherent at the base, 4-seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000012027 morphology 2E7F652A-D765-4BB6-A07A-C750F4D86F61 Seeds compressed, obliquely oblong, dorsal side straight, ventral side abruptly curved, long-winged at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2301-1 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Trees or shrubs; branches verticillate, in whorls of 4–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Leaves verticillate or opposite (not in our area), petiolate, with or without intrapetiolar stipules which are often adnate to the petiole; colleters present in leaf axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-0000459174 morphology DF4AB529-6F71-45CB-8EB1-1B59A98CC33A Fruits yellowish-green to dark yellow, ellipsoid to subglobular, 2–3 cm. long, 1.4–2.5 cm. wide, widest at or above the middle, narrowed to shortly stipitate at the base, 3–4-angular or 3–4-ribbed in cross section, densely minutely ferruginous tomentose, not dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785529-1 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Monoecious or dioecious semi-prostrate shrub or small tree, 0.5–9 m. tall; bark black or brown, ± rough; twigs black or reddish brown, glandular, glabrescent, ridged and developing vertical fissures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Leaves simple, variable; blades oblanceolate or broadly to narrowly elliptic, (1–)4–13 cm. long, (0.4–)1.3–4.2 cm. wide, widest at or above the midpoint, obtuse and minutely apiculate at apex, gradually narrowed below the middle to a narrowly cuneate base; margin entire, recurved (in dried specimens); both surfaces glabrous and glandular, coated especially when young with viscid glandular exudate; lateral nerves 15–20(–30), often indistinct; petioles 0–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Flowers greenish yellow, unisexual or bisexual, in loose thyrsoid panicles at the ends of twigs; pedicels 0.8–1.5 cm. long in flower and fruit, glabrous and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Male flowers: sepals 3–4, straw-coloured or greenish yellow, 2–2.5 mm. long, spreading; stamens 7(–9); anthers 2–3 mm. long; ovary rudiment minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Female flowers: calyx green, cup-like but sepals free; staminodes lacking or with anthers ± 1.5 mm. long; ovary green, oblong in outline, flattened, bilobed, glandular; style 2–3-lobed, equalling the ovary; disk inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Bisexual flowers similar: sepals 3–4, greenish yellow, ovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, spreading; anthers 1.6–1.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Fruit disk-shaped, the body 1.5–2.3 cm. long, 8–11 mm. wide, with an encircling papery venose wing 3–7 mm. wide or a few with 3(–4) locules and wings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000653170 morphology 581EB03D-2DAE-4131-81CE-1E0FBF51252F Seeds 2 per locule, black, subspherical, or somewhat compressed with a raised dorsal rim, 2–3 mm. diameter, 1.5–3 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30058367-2 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Slender tree 4.5–20(–30) m. tall; bark smooth, whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Petiole winged, 1.5–11 cm. long; rhachis 15–30 cm. long, winged each side to 1 cm. wide, tapering below each leaflet pair; leaflets in 5–10 pairs, sessile, lanceolate to linear or narrowly oblong-elliptic, 5–16 cm. long, 0.5–4 cm. wide, acute, entire but crisped-undulate at the margin, glabrous, resinous when young; lateral nerves in 30–50 pairs, faint. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Inflorescence 6–20 cm. long; pedicels 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Sepals 1.3 mm. long, herbaceous, puberulous inside, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Petals yellow, 1.3 mm. long, ciliate, apparently caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Stamens exserted from the calyx; staminodes not exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Ovary 2-locular with 2 ovules, one only developing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Fruit ellipsoid or subglobose, 9–10 mm. long, 6–8 mm. wide, with persistent style and reflexed sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000690971 morphology 1754B499-5E8F-48FE-B045-06519DE780E9 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:128045-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Small tree 3.5–12 m. tall with rather nodular gnarled grey branches; bark red, brittle, reticulate, flaking off in patches, with orange layer beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Leaves up to ± 23 cm. long; petiole 1–5 cm. long, ferruginous pubescent; leaf rhachis 4–35 cm. long, similarly pubescent; leaflets in 3–8 pairs, often not exactly opposite, ovate, elliptic or almost round, the lower pairs considerably smaller than the upper; upper leaflets 8–15 cm. long, 4–8 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, truncate to cordate at the base, crenate towards the apex or rarely entire, glabrous to sparsely or densely ferruginous pubescent; lateral nerves in up to 14 pairs, the venation prominently reticulate beneath; petiolules 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Male inflorescences precocious, ± sessile clusters, 1.5 cm. wide, forming masses ± 5 cm. wide, peduncles sometimes 0.5–?3 cm. long; female inflorescences tawny felted, with peduncle up to 2 cm. long, lengthening in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Flowers greenish, sweet-scented; sepals 5, 4 mm. long, united for 1 mm. at base; disk cup-shaped, 0.7 mm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Stamens and staminodes 5; filaments of stamens 9 mm. long; anthers 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Fruit bright orange, ellipsoid, up to 2.6 cm. long, 1.3–1.8 cm. wide, velvety; sepals and style base persistent; stalks 0.3–1.9 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000429335 morphology 68D39236-173D-45B7-AC3A-0983CD789DD4 Fig. 3/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:785637-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Tree 15–35 m. tall with a broad sometimes buttressed trunk; bole clean up to 18 m., 2 m. girth; bark grey, grey-brown or yellowish, thin, smooth, densely lenticulate, slightly flaking, said to smell of thymol; slash creamy yellow or yellow-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Leaf-rhachis 15–20 cm. long; leaflets in 5–9 pairs, dull green tending to olive when dry, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5–10.5 cm. long, 1.5–3 cm. wide, tapering to a narrow, usually acuminate tip, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Inflorescence-axes overall mid-olive to brown, up to 13 cm. long, densely covered in fasciculate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Flowers green, tinged pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Disk of male flowers very conspicuous, convex, broad, red, drying black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Fruit reddish outside, bright pink or scarlet inside, 3.5–4 cm. long, 5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000453308 morphology A4827E66-10DE-44CC-815E-8CA4115160A0 Seeds purplish, 1.4 cm. across, velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783581-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Tree 4.5–22 m. tall; bark smooth, grey; young parts and fruits with a short, velvety, reddish or grey-green pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Petiole 1–9 cm. long, woody; rhachis 10–36 cm. long; leaflets in 3–5 pairs, subopposite; petiolules fleshy, sparsely pilose; blade oblong-elliptic or elliptic, the terminal pair largest, 9–25 cm. long, 5–9 cm. wide, the other pairs progressively smaller, shortly and bluntly acuminate, the base acute, coriaceous, glabrous throughout or some hairs on the veins beneath; lateral veins in 8–11 pairs, prominent beneath, impressed above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Inflorescence-axes 20–50 cm. long; branches 2–16 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Calyx-lobes green, 2 mm. long, silky hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Petals yellow or white, equalling the sepals, claw 1 mm. long, limb 1.5 mm. long, ovate, scale bilobed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Stamens 7–8; filaments bent into a zigzag in bud, pilose throughout, 2.8 mm. long at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Ovary rudiment in male flowers similar to but much smaller than the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Mericarps 2, semicircular in outline, compressed, 1.5–2 cm. long, 1–1.2 cm. wide, densely finely adpressed-pubescent, internally glabrous and shining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Seed black, ± 1.3 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, 4/5 covered by an orange aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000540937 morphology 593187F6-B714-4CBD-818D-DB1C28713945 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782061-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Slender tree 3–20 m. tall (or, according to Eggeling, partly scandent); bark smooth, greyish white with patches of orange; young parts chocolate- or rusty-tomentose with spreading to ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Petiole up to 10 cm. long; rhachis 10–20 cm. long; leaflets in 6–7 pairs, opposite or alternate; petiolules 3–6 mm. long, fleshy, hairy; blade oblong-elliptic, ovate-oblong or the lowermost pair of leaflets elliptic, middle leaflets largest, 11–15 cm. long, 3–5 cm. wide, the uppermost a little smaller, the lowermost 6–10 cm. long, 3–5 cm. wide, apex with a sharp acumen 5–25 mm. long or acute, toothed throughout or only towards the apex, the teeth 1–2 mm. deep, or the margin merely sinuate, glabrous apart from the midrib and some or all veins beneath; lateral veins in 10–16(–22) pairs, curving just inside the margin and terminating in the teeth; midrib impressed above, prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Inflorescences golden brown, axillary and terminal, the main axes 14–45 cm. long, the main branches 5–10 cm. long; flowers grey-white in groups of 1–4 subtended by4–6 mm. long lanceolate bracts; pedicels 4–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Sepals 2.5 mm. long, spreading flat in the male flower, glabrescent on the inner surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Petals funnel-shaped, 2.8–3.5 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, white, the scale equalling the limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Disk 1 mm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Stamens 13, glabrous throughout; filaments 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Ovary 3-lobed; style entire with 3 stigmatic grooves; ovary rudiment in male flowers a small cushion of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Fruiting pedicels usually enlarging, 0.4–1.3 cm. long; capsule bright red when ripe, 3-lobed with rounded angles, 1.6–2 cm. long and wide, externally with some coarser hairs amongst the fine tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Seeds dark, (1-)3, 1.3–1.8 cm. long, 1–1.3 cm. wide; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000443007 morphology BC96AF84-D376-455E-A211-3D5915ECFC3C Fig. 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783553-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Tree, probably dioecious, usually 6–9 m. but sometimes reaching 30 m. tall, with a dense crown; bark grey-brown smooth, thin, with warts and horizontal ridges; slash white, pale red or brown with white streaks; young twigs golden-hairy, glabrescent, dark grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Leaves reddish when young, drying bright green or brownish; petiole up to 4 cm. long; rhachis 0.6–10 cm. long; petiolules 1–2 mm. long; leaflets in (1–)2–4(–5) pairs, elliptic, oblong, obovate or oblanceolate, the upper pair 3–26 cm. long, 1.2–9.5 cm. wide (but in West Africa up to 30×13 cm.), the lowest either similar (usually when there are only 2 pairs) or as small as 2×1.2 cm., acuminate at apex and tapering or sometimes rounded at the extreme tip, the midrib visible as a raised line on the upper surface, glabrous apart from some hairs on the veins plus tufts in the nerve axils; lateral veins in 6–10(–12) pairs, curving and ending well inside the leaflet margin, usually whitish beneath, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Inflorescences borne in axils of current leaves, 5–10 cm. long, flowers singly inserted or in cymose groups; pedicels 1–5(–10 in fruit) mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Flowers whitish to yellow, sweet-scented; calyxdivided ± halfway, lobes 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; petals rhomboid in outline, 1.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, scale bilobed, shaggy hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Stamens 6–8; filaments 4.5 mm. long, the basal part strikingly white hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Capsule reddish, (2–)3(–4)-gonous and -locular, 1.7–3 cm. long, 1.9–3 cm. wide, glabrescent, the angles acute or with wings up to 2 mm. broad; style and sepals persistent; endocarp pink with yellow margins, glabrous or nearly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Seeds, dark brown or black, ovoid 1.5–2 cm. long, 6–8 mm. wide; aril bright yellow, up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566874 morphology DF289711-1A7A-422E-B0BF-6C20B679B98A Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782153-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Dioecious tree 20–25(–35) m. tall, with grey bark showing small reticulate fissures or thin, smooth, hard and flaking; slash orange and yellow-brown mottled with scattered white pock marks; young twigs orange-pubescent but soon glabrescent and dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Petiole up to 16 cm. long, flattened, narrowly winged; rhachis 4–15 cm. long; leaflets olive-green, in 2–4 pairs, narrowly elliptic to oblong-elliptic, the uppermost 8–40 cm. long, 3.5–10 cm. wide, with lower pairs becoming smaller with lowermost as little as half the size, shortly and bluntly acuminate at the apex, sometimes asymmetric at the base, glabrous apart from scattered hairs on the undersides of the veins; midrib impressed above, prominent beneath; lateral nerves in 7–10(–20) pairs, curving and sometimes joining inside the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Inflorescence-axis 3–10 cm. long; flowers in small groups or single; pedicels 5–8(–10 in fruit) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Sepals joined for 1/4 of their length, lobes 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Petals rhomboid, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, the scale equal to and joined to it to form a funnel-shaped compound petal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Stamens 7–8; filaments hairy in the lower part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Ovary 3-lobed; style entire, equalling the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Capsule reddish or bright red, turbinate, 3–4-angled and -locular, up to 5.5–6(–8) cm. long, glabrous; endocarp creamy-velvety-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000566875 morphology B97111C9-F4E0-42DA-A58F-3A57AD436E21 Seeds black or dark brown, 2.5 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide; aril up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782154-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Tree or shrub 8–18(–30) tall; bark grey-brown; foliage appearing dark; young stems, petioles, inflorescences etc. covered with dense ferruginous or golden brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Leaves with 2–3 pairs of opposite or subopposite leaflets, the lowest pair stipuliform, often soon deciduous but leaving scars; leaflet-blades oblong, oblong-elliptic, obovate or oblanceolate, 2–20 cm. long, 1.5–8.6 cm. wide, subacute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, cuneate and often unequal or ± rounded at the base, ± glabrous above, ± pilose or pubescent on the venation beneath or eventually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Panicles large, ± divided from the base, 8–12(–20) cm. long, 10–15 cm. wide, with primary branches up to 8 cm. long; pedicels 4 mm. long; all axes densely ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Flowers ± 4 mm. wide; sepals oblong, 1.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, pubescent on both faces; petals white, linear-lanceolate, 2.5 mm. long, scales very hairy, scarcely as wide as the limb; disk 1 mm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Stamens 4 mm. long; staminodes 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Ovary globose, 2.5 mm. diameter, densely ferruginous pubescent; style 3 mm. long; rudimentary ovary reduced to few hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Fruit light brown, yellow or red, depressed globose, ± woody, 1.8–3 cm. diameter, at first hairy, eventually smooth and glabrous; valves 2–2.5 cm. wide, 2.5–3 mm. thick, woolly at base inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Seeds 3, black, 1.25 cm. long, shiny with red arillode. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000674312 morphology 04457301-B17B-42A9-97DF-70DC04313676 Fig. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783023-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Evergreen shrub or small tree to 10 m. tall; branches slender, grey-brown, initially coarsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Petiole 0–0.5 cm. long; rhachis 3–8 cm. long, with white or brown bristly hairs; petiolules 0–5 mm. long, fleshy, moderately or sparsely hairy; lowermost leaflet reniform or ovate, 0.5–2 cm. long, 0.4–2.5 cm. wide, the second leaflet of the pair often inserted further up the rhachis and somewhat larger; uppermost leaflets rhomboid-elliptic or lanceolate, acute or rounded at the extreme apex and almost acuminate, 5–16 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide; blade olive-green, glabrous apart from themidrib; lateral veins faint, in 7–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Inflorescence 3.5–11 cm. long, with up to 2 branches; rhachis and pedicels pilose; flowers in clusters of 2–3, subtended by caducous bracts 0.5 mm. long; pedicels 1.6–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Calyx-lobes oblong-ovate, the 2–3 larger ones 1.5–2 mm. long, 1–1.2 mm. wide, externally pubescent (very sparsely so in Angola) and slightly pubescent inside at the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Male flowers: petals narrowly elliptic-oblong, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; filaments 1.3 mm. long, glabrous; rudimentary ovary 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Female flower: petals narrowly elliptic-lanceolate to ovate, 2–3 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, glabrous, ± venose, with an obtriangular slightly thickened claw 0.8 mm. long and inflexed scale with ciliate and erose margin; staminodes 2 mm. long; ovary ovoid, 2 mm. long and wide, pubescent or almost glabrous; style ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Fruit yellow, subglobose, 2.5 cm. wide, grooved between the seeds; pedicels to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000715411 morphology 557F5BB6-F572-4F86-8DDF-A1BCFE6B99EC Fig. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:994805-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Much-branched shrub or tree to 15 m. tall; crown thick and rounded; bark dark grey, reticulate, rough or smooth save for small tesselations, variable according to fire regime; twigs tawny-pubescent when young, knobbly with raised leaf-scars, soon glabrescent, dark grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Petiole 0.3–1.7 cm. long, pubescent; petioles 0.7–1.8 cm. long; leaf-blades yellow-green, oblong or broadly or narrowly elliptic or obovate or occasionally oblong-lanceolate, 3–18 cm. long, 1.3–8 cm. wide, apex obtuse or emarginate or shortly acuminate, rarely acute, base asymmetric, truncate or rounded or cordate on one side, entire and undulate or rather rarely sharply serrate, the teeth 1–2.5 mm. deep, glabrous above apart from hairs on the larger veins, the lower surface softly hairy and glandular; lateral nerves in 12–20 pairs, strongly branched, venation closely reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Inflorescences spicate, in leaf-axils on short lateral shoots; axes 3–15(–25) cm. long, with dense subsessile clusters of white, yellow-green or yellow flowers; pedicels 1–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Calyx 0.6–0.8 mm. long, densely whitish pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Petals 5, claw 0.6 mm. long, limb triangular, 0.4 mm. long, long-white ciliate, scale 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Disk said to be glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Stamens much exserted; filaments eventually 4 mm. long, pilose in the lower part; anthers triangular-ovate, with scattered hairs, the apex of the connective inflated; staminodes with 2 mm. long filaments and slightly smaller anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Ovary rudiment a small cushion of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Fruit green-velvety when young, brown when mature, spherical, 8–12 mm. diameter, with a longitudinal ridge along which dehiscence occurs; interior of the valves glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Seed 6–9 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0000471143 morphology D8FCCC83-0C97-4832-9FAE-EEAEA113B732 Fig. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784027-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Small tree or shrub to 10 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Young axes densely golden-hairy with crisped short hairs and long spreading coarse hairs; older twigs glabrous, grey or black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Leaves bipinnate, superficially legume-like; petiole 0.3–0.8 cm. long; primary rhachis (4–)6–20 cm. long, pubescent; secondary rhachides in 4–10 pairs, mostly opposite, pubescent; leaflets in (3–)8–18 pairs, sessile, the lowermost shorter, otherwise oblong, 1–2.5 cm. long, 2.5–8 mm. wide, apex rounded or slightly emarginate or very minutely apiculate or (not in East Africa) finely acuminate, the base obliquely wedge-shaped, glabrous and glossy apart from hairs on the margin and midrib; midrib conspicuous, lateral nerves fern-like, closely-set and not prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Thyrse unbranched, 4–13(–20) cm. long; flowers single and in groups of 2–4; pedicels of male flowers 1 mm., of female flowers 2 mm. long; subtending bracts 0.2–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Sepals broadly ovate, concave, unequal, 1.3–2 mm. long, thin-textured, glabrous apart from ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Petals broadly triangular, 1–1.5 mm. long, 1.5–1.8 mm. wide, toothed, the lateral margins infolded, very densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Stamens 7–8, exserted; anthers 0.8 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Ovary rudiment in male flowers very reduced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Capsule red or purple, 1.1–1.5 cm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0001135035 morphology 217878EC-EC35-4352-84AF-97F770FC42F0 Seed single. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783565-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Shrub or tree 4–13.5(–20) m. tall; bark grey, smooth; wood reddish; branchlets dark grey-brown to black, together with the leaf-rhachises grey to golden brown pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Leaves often pinkish when young, 2–10 cm. long, mostly borne on short spur-shoots; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm. long, pubescent; petiolules 0–0.5 mm. long; leaflets in 2–16 pairs, obliquely oblong or elliptic, 1.5–6 cm. long, 3–9 mm. wide (terminal ones largest), obtuse and usually emarginate at the apex, ± truncate or asymmetrically obtuse or cuneate at the base, attached almost at the corner, entire, glabrous to sparsely pubescent mainly on the midrib; lateral nerves numerous, ± closely spaced, venation reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Flowers white, cream or yellow, often appearing before the leaves in axillary clusters or crowded on the spur-shoots; pedicels 1–3 mm. long in male, 5–10 mm. long in female, articulated at the base, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Sepals 5, oblong, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Stamens 4–5 with filaments 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Ovary rounded or somewhat trigonous; style up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Fruit orange to red, also described as chestnut or purple, ovoid or subglobose, 1.5–1.8 cm. long, 1.2 cm. wide, apiculate, glabrescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0000715413 morphology 07911CC3-F1D6-45DE-9772-7F0E7E74458B Seeds chestnut, ellipsoid, 1–1.7 cm. long, 6 mm. wide; aril striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783290-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Semideciduous or ± evergreen shrub or small tree 2.4–15 m. tall, occasionally reported to be subscandent with stout interlacing grey-brown branches, with shoots sparsely to densely brownish-pubescent at first, later glabrescent; bark grey, grey-brown or blackish, smooth to rough, somewhat fissured, flaking or peeling in irregular patches; wood very hard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Leaves tufted on short shoots; rhachis 0.4–3(–4) cm. long, narrowly winged, sparsely to densely pubescent; petioles 1–1.1 cm. long; petiolules 0.1–2 mm. long, pubescent; leaflets yellow-green in 1–2(–3) pairs, opposite or not, oblong, ovate, round or elliptic, 0.5–11.5 cm. long, 1–5.7 cm. wide, obtuse and ± emarginate at the apex, asymmetrically obtuse or acute at base with one side convex and the other concave, glabrous; lateral nerves in 8–15 pairs, the venation finely reticulate above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Flowers white, cream, yellow or greenish, sweet-scented in clusters of cymes in the leaf-axils, or often appearing on short shoots before the leaves; pedicels 2–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Male flowers: sepals linear-lanceolate or oblong, 1–1.5 mm. long, pubescent; stamens 5, much exserted, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Female flowers: staminodes short; ovary very acutely trigonous, glabrous; stigma 3-fid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Style at least 4–6 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001279927 morphology EE71451A-EEA4-4C80-B355-BF57478D943B Fig. 9/1–8, p. 29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553974-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Usually annual unbranched to much branched ± erect often wiry herb, 15–30 cm. tall; stems pale greyish, slender but distinctly woody below with peeling bark, glabrous or slightly scabrid above on the angles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, 0.4–6 cm. long, 0.5–4 mm. wide, acute at the apex, ± rounded to subauriculate at the base, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Flowers 5–6-merous, probably heterostylous; cymes numerous, borne in most axils, 1–5-flowered; peduncle filiform, 5–8(–12) mm.; pedicels 1–2 mm. long or apparently up to 4 mm. (see note); bracteoles linear-oblong, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Calyx-tube obtriangular, 2 mm. long, narrowed at the base, minutely papillate; lobes triangular, 0.5–0.8 mm. long; appendages obsolete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Petals pinkish apricot or orange, obovate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 1.2–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Stamens 10; filaments 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Ovary ellipsoid, 1.5 mm. long; style 2.5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001262503 morphology 189A5792-B6EF-4EC3-98DE-C7C9BC1B3206 Fruit broadly ellipsoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:980197-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Almost glabrous much-branched shrub (0.4–)0.9–2.3 m. tall; stems 4-angled or narrowly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Leaves decussate, elliptic-lanceolate, 0.3–3.5 cm. long, 0.15–1.2 cm. wide, acute at the apex, subcordate at the base, entire, glossy, 1-nerved; leaves on branches much smaller than those on stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Cymes numerous, axillary, 1–6-flowered; peduncle ± 2 mm. long; pedicels 2–5 mm. long those of pole flowers longest; bracteoles lanceolate, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Flowers (4–)5(–6)-merous, probably not heterostylous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Calyx-tube oblong-ellipsoid, 3–3.5 mm. long, 8-, 10- or 12-ribbed; lobes reddish, triangular, 0.5(–0.8) mm. long, scarious at apex, the appendages very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Petals red or pink, oblong, 3–4 mm. long, corrugated, with mid-nerve thickened beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Stamens twice as many as calyx-lobes, inserted near base of tube, alternate ones slightly longer and shorter, the filaments 5.3–7 mm. long, the longest opposite the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Ovary ellipsoid, 2 mm. long, 1.6 mm. wide, 3-locular; style 7 mm. long overtopping the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Capsule globose, ± 3 mm. diameter, included in the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Seeds numerous, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001268502 morphology A000CA75-F839-4136-A997-A1A3C701DC50 Fig.-9/17–26. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553912-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Erect glabrous subshrubby herb, 7–40 cm. tall, with several shoots from a woody rootstock, often with 1–15 narrow tubers to 25 cm. long; stems often reddish, narrowly winged, branched mostly near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Leaves decussate, sessile, lanceolate, narrowly oblong-elliptic or oblong, 0.5–5.8 cm. long, 0.08–1.2 cm. wide, acute at the apex, rounded, truncate or subcordate at the base, usually thickish and ± glaucous, 1-nerved; margins minutely serrulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Flowers (5–)6–7(–8)-merous in (1–2)3(–7)-flowered axillary dichasial cymes; peduncles slender, 0.5–2(–3.5) cm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bracteoles linear-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Calyx-tube cupular, 3–4.7 mm. long; lobes triangular, 0.8–1 mm. long, acute at the apex; appendages very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Petals orange, vermilion red or pink, sometimes with dark midrib, obovate, 2.5–6.5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Stamens (10–)12–14(–16), exserted, those opposite the sepals 6–7 mm. long, the others 4–5 mm. long; filaments crimson. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Ovary globose, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter; style yellow, (6–)8–9 mm. long, overtopping the anthers in long-styled flowers, 2–3 mm. long in short-styled flowers, sometimes kinked. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Capsule globose, 3–3.5 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Seeds concavo-convex, ovoid ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0001075948 morphology 601911B8-EE16-42B0-8FE7-6B4CFB64875B Fig. 9/27–36. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553914-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Erect ericoid subshrub or woody herb, 18–70 cm. tall, glabrous, minutely pubescent-hirtellous or with most parts densely covered with short spreading rather stiff pubescence when young; stems 4-angled, branched above, quite woody with fibrous grey-brown bark on older parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Leaves ± sessile, held somewhat erect, alternate, opposite or in whorls of 3, oblong-oblanceolate, 0.3–2.7 cm. long, 0.8–3(–8) mm. wide, acute or apiculate at the apex, cordate-auriculate or subhastate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Flowers heterostylous, trimorphic, 4–6(–7)-merous, in 1–5-flowered cymes; peduncle 1–9 mm. long; bracteoles brown at apex, boat-shaped, 1–2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide; pedicels 0.5–2(–4 pole flower) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Calyx-tube tubular-campanulate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide; lobes shortly triangular, 0.7–1.5 mm. long, 1.1 mm. wide, mucronate, reflexed; sinus-appendages minute, only visible in bud. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Petals 4–7, orange to red or maroon, mostly brick-red or pale carmine with mid-nerve much darker, obovate-spathulate, 4–5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Long-styled flowers: long stamens 6.5 mm. long, overtopping the calyx-lobes by 3.5 mm.; short stamens 3.5–4 mm. long; style (5–)6–7 mm. long, exserted 4–6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Short-styled flowers: long stamens 8 mm. long, overtopping calyx-lobes by 4.5 mm.; short stamens 5 mm. long; style 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Mesostylous flowers (seen by me) had intermediate measurements, the long stamens with red filaments and short stamens with green filaments; style cylindric, intermediate between the two kinds of stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381484 morphology FE3CAC81-3863-4773-A62D-86284D3F8399 Capsule included within the calyx, oblong or obovate, 3–4 mm. long, 2.1–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553921-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Spreading or erect herb or subshrub with several stems, 6–90 cm. tall from a woody stock; stems glabrous, micropapillate or minutely pubescent, distinctly square or with angles almost winged, sometimes much-branched, when immediately above base appearing caespitose with up to ± 30 shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Leaves quite sessile or minutely petiolate, narrowly oblong, 5–12(–20) mm. long, 1.6–6(–9) mm. wide, rounded subacute at the apex, ± truncate to rounded subauriculate at the base, sometimes quite broadly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Inflorescences 1–3(–5)-flowered; peduncle 0.5–3 mm. long; pedicels 0.3–1.2 mm. long or ± lacking; flowers trimorphic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Calyx-tube obconic or ellipsoid, 1–1.5(–3) mm. long, 1.2–1.8 mm. wide; lobes 4, triangular, (0.3–)1.5 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Petals 4, red-brown, orange-red, deep pink or magenta, 1.5–4 mm. long, 0.8–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Stamens 7–8, exserted, 4–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Style 3.5–4.7(–7) mm. long in long-styled flowers, 1–2(–4) mm. long in short-styled flowers, straight or bent below the stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0000381641 morphology 8789A0CA-31E6-48CE-BA0F-51B1ED30F6A6 Fruit ellipsoid, 1.5–3 mm. long, 0.8–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553968-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Probably subshrubby; stems pale, ± 4-angled, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Leaves oblong-lanceolate or narrowly triangular-lanceolate, 1.5–4.8 cm. long, 0.5–1.2 cm. wide, attenuate-acute at the apex, the actual tip acute, dilated truncate or subcordate at the base, scabridulous-puberulous on upper revolute margins but otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Flowers 6-merous, dimorphic, in paired cymes in the upper axils, several-flowered, dense or almost capitulate (fide Koehne) but ± loose in specimen seen; peduncles 0.9–1.5 cm. long, often connate for 2–3 mm. at the base; secondary axes ± 5 mm. long; bracteoles lanceolate, 1.5 mm. long; true pedicels 1–2 mm. long; all axes scabridulous-puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Calyx-tube campanulate, 3.5–4 mm. long; lobes triangular, ± 1.2 mm. long, the appendages calliform thickenings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Petals obovate, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Stamens 12, slightly unequal, almost 1/2-exserted in short-styled flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Ovary ellipsoid, 2.7 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; style ± 2.5 mm. long, just exceeding calyx-lobes (by about 1.5 mm. in specimen seen). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Long-styled flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279928 morphology 5DFCB54B-D31C-4E22-ADA4-493D95690BA7 Fig. 11/1–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553982-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Perennial glabrous herb, 0.75–1 m. tall; stems 4-angled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Leaves decussate, sessile, elliptic (near base of stem) or narrowly oblong to lanceolate, 4–11 cm. long, 0.7–3 cm. wide, narrowly acute at the apex, subcordate to distinctly cordate at the base, ± amplexicaul; lateral nerves distinct, a basal pair forming a distinctive submarginal nerve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Flowers 6(–7)-merous, heterostylous, in dense ± 20-flowered dichasia, usually with additional branch from the base of main rhachis; apparent peduncles up to 4 mm. long but inflorescence as a whole basically sessile; pedicels up to 4 mm. long; bracteoles 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Calyx-tube campanulate, 2.5–3 mm. long, 12-nerved; lobes triangular, 0.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide with alternating appendages inconspicuous, 0.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Petals brick-red or white, obovate, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, clawed, corrugated, with distinct mid-nerve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Stamens twice as many as calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Long-styled flowers with longer stamens semi-exserted, the shorter almost 1/3 shorter. Style overtopping the stamens by ± 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Short-styled flowers with stamens almost equal, the longer 6 mm. long and shorter 5.5 mm. long, both overtopping the 3 mm. long style. Ovary obovoid-globose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Capsule globose, ± 3.5 mm. diameter, included or slighdy exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Seeds brown, concavo-convex, ± 0.4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279926 morphology AD76873F-C7A7-4C4D-A3D9-DDC97FD3E52C Fig. 11/8–17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553931-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Glabrous annual herb, 30–90 cm. tall; stems often purplish, 4-angled, the branches long and ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Leaves decussate, sessile, linear-lanceolate, 5–15 cm. long, 0.4–1.2 cm. wide, narrowly acute at the apex, narrowed to a dilated auriculate-cordate base; lateral nervation obscure. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Flowers 4-merous, probably dimorphic, in numerous few– many-flowered fairly condensed dichasia up to 1.2 cm. long, 1.6 cm. wide at most axils or on some short shoots solitary or in 2-flowered cymes in axils of reduced leaves; peduncles usually very short; pedicels short with minute linear bracteoles at base or middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Calyx-tube obconic, 1.2–2.5 mm. long, becoming cyathiform in fruit, 8-ribbed; lobes broadly triangular, 0.5 mm. long, shortly acuminate, the alternating appendages small, triangular-subulate, 0.8 mm. long, spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Petals violet or dark lilac, round, 1.5–2.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Stamens 8, inserted at middle of tube, the longer ± exserted, the shorter about 3/4 as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Ovary ellipsoid, ± 1.5 mm. long, 2-locular; style arcuate, 4–5 mm. long, much overtopping the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Capsule equalling the calyx, opening by deciduous style-bearing operculum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0001279924 morphology 3AAE630E-07D3-406D-8911-B613058068D2 Fig. 11/18–25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553893-1 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Annual erect simple or ± branched herb, 10–65(–80) cm. tall; branches 4-angled and narrowly winged above, sometimes ± scabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Leaves linear to ± lanceolate, 1.5–8 cm. long, 0.2–1.4 cm. wide, narrowed to subacute apex, auriculate-cordate at the base or cuneate in some of the lower leaves, entire, 1-nerved, sometimes minutely scabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Flowers 4-merous in lax (2–)3–15-flowered dichasia; peduncle 0.4–1 (–1.8) cm. long; pedicels 0.5–3(–6) mm. long; bracteoles lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Calyx-tube campanulate, 1–1.5(–3) mm. long; lobes 4, triangular, 0.4–0.7 mm. long; appendages up to 0.3(–1) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Petals pink to mauve, ± round to obovate, 0.6–0.7(–2) mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Stamens 4–8, exserted; filaments 0.8–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Ovary globose, 0.8–1.5 mm. in diameter; style filiform, 0.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Capsule globose, (1.5–)1.7–3.5 mm. in diameter (usually under 3 in East Africa), equalling or slightly exceeding the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Seeds brownish, concave-convex, 0.4–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000530923 morphology 361A3166-24F5-4757-960E-6DD41D0B6A73 Fig. 12/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30030870-2 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Annual erect or straggling mostly much-branched herb, 0.1–1.2 m. tall, but can be an unbranched ± ephemeral, 10–18(–25) cm. tall (see note); submerged stems sometimes inflated and occasionally with purplish green spongy growth; young stems 4-angled, ± winged above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Leaves linear, oblong or narrowly lanceolate, 1–8.5 cm. long, 0.15–1.1 (– 1.5) cm. wide, narrowed to the apex, cordate to ± hastate and auriculate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Flowers in dense 3–20-flowered cymes 4–6(–9) mm. long; peduncle 1.5–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–4 mm. long, the median one longest, the others mostly short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Calyx green striped pink, or red; tube campanulate, (0.6–)1–1.5 mm. long; lobes 4, triangular, 0.3–0.7 mm. long; appendages horn-shaped, short, ± 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Petals pink, mauve or white, 4, obovate, 0.5–1.3 mm. long, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Stamens 4, inserted near middle of tube, 1.2–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Ovary globose, 0.7–1 mm. in diameter; style (0.3–)0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Capsule red, globose, 1.5–1.8 mm. in diameter, exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Seeds dark brown, concave-convex, 0.2–0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000531051 morphology 6D5D1FD9-D478-40D9-A514-726AD8BD04EB Fig. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552750-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Aquatic glabrous plant with stout prostrate stem, 4–8 mm. wide (dry), ± 1–1.2 m. long, profusely rooting at the nodes; stem pale, angled; adventitious roots ±10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Leaves narrowly triangular-lanceolate, 2–3.5(–6) cm. long, 0.6–1 cm. wide, narrowly acute at the apex, truncate to slightly rounded auriculate-cordate at the base; lateral venation ± obscure; petiole ± obsolete or scarcely 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Cymes numerous, up to about 1.2 cm. wide in fruit, 7–15(–20 or probably more)-flowered; peduncle 3–5 mm. long; secondary branches ± 2 mm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bracteoles filiform, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Calyx-tube obconic-angular, ± 1(–1.75) mm. long, becoming broadly cupular in fruit, up to 1.5 mm. long, ± 3 mm. wide; lobes 4, broadly triangular, 0.8 mm. tall, ± 2 mm. wide; appendages minute, evident in bud. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Petals 4, white (pale lilac in dried material), rounded-obovate, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, 1–1.2 mm. wide, very fugitive. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Stamens 4–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Style and capitate stigma together 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Capsule dark red, globose, 2–3 mm. wide, bursting irregularly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Seeds pale brown, concave-convex, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000530979 morphology 4C665FE6-055F-4D3C-B4FA-51DCDF4CB36A Fig. 12/9–12, p. 39. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552688-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Erect branched or unbranched annual herb 10–25 cm. tall; stems reddish, 4-angled below, ± 4-winged above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Leaves oblong or narrowly oblong, 0.8–4.5 cm. long, 0.15–1.3 cm. wide, acute at the apex, auriculate-cordate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Flowers 4-merous, in somewhat lax numerous 5–many-flowered dichasia up to 8 mm. wide in fruit; peduncles 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 0.2–1.5 mm. long; bracteoles minute, up to 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Calyx-tube obconic, 0.3–0.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, ± as long as tube; appendages small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Petals white, linear or subulate, ± 0.5 mm. long, ± persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Stamens inserted below middle of the tube, ± equalling the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Ovary globose; style plus stigma 0.2–0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Capsule red, globose, (0.8–)1.2–1.5 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Seeds brown, 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531015 morphology 372820FE-B08E-45EF-8AB8-AE304608D5FD Fig. 12/13–17, p. 39. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552718-1 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Erect, prostrate or ascending herb, 4–35 cm. tall; stems 4-angled, occasionally minutely asperulous and sometimes with lowest leaves (? cotyledons) persisting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Leaves oblong, oblanceolate or sublinear, 0.7–5 cm. long, 0.15–1.3 cm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, ± cordate or cordate-auriculate at the base or sometimes cuneate in basal leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Flowers green in 1–many-flowered ± lax cymes; peduncle (0–)1–5 mm. long; pedicels 1–3 mm. long; bracts linear, 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Calyx campanulate, 1–1.5 mm. long; lobes 4, triangular, 0.3 mm. long; appendages short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Petals 0–4, 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Stamens 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Ovary subglobose, 0.4–0.7 mm. in diameter; style 0–0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531090 morphology EEBC361A-687B-4DD4-A5D4-16D9E43BBFE6 Capsule subglobose, 1–2 mm. in diameter, exceeding the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30256130-2 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Annual or rhizomatous perennial herb with erect or ascending unbranched or sparsely branched 4-angled stems 20–60 cm. tall, rooting at the lowest nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Leaves narrowly lanceolate to elliptic-obovate, 1–6(–8) cm. long, 0.2–1.7 cm. wide, acute at the apex, truncate, subcordate or subhastate at the base or lowest attenuate-cuneate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Cymes 3–many-flowered, dense, sessile or subsessile; pedicels suppressed or very short; bracteoles linear, 0.4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Calyx-tube campanulate, 1.5–2 mm. long; lobes 4, very broadly triangular, 0.5–1 mm. long; appendages very short or ± lacking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Petals white, 0.5 mm. long or sometimes lacking (see note). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Branchlets yellowish or greyish tomentose to densely villous, tardily glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Leaves 15–35 cm. long; stipules ovate-triangular or ovate-acuminate, 6–10 mm. long; rhachis prolonged 0.2–1 cm. beyond the distal pair of leaflets; stipels 2–6 mm. long; lateral leaflets in 2(–3) pairs, shortly petiolulate, oblong-obovate to elliptic-obovate or broadly elliptic, the lower ones smaller and sometimes ovate to suborbicular, (6–)7–15 cm. long, 5–11.5 cm. wide, rounded to emarginate with a short broad acuminate tip produced into a fragile 2–3 mm. long mucro, narrowed to the rounded or usually shortly cordate base, asymmetric, coriaceous, glabrescent above except generally for a short tomentum on the impressed midrib and nerves, brownish pubescent beneath with rather long ± crisped hairs most numerous on the nerves; primary lateral nerves ascending, 6–9 on either side, prominently raised beneath; venation also prominent, ± reticulate but with the oblique veins more strongly developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Panicles terminal, 20–50 cm. long, with well-developed ascending branches, often also unbranched panicles in the axils below; fascicles closely arranged, short and densely flowered; bracts subtending fascicles lanceolate or ovate, 3–5 mm. long; flower-bracts linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Calyx 4–6 mm. long, yellowish or greyish floccose-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Corolla 12–15 mm. long, pale yellow or cream marked pink or pale violet, ciliolate at petal-tips; wings a little shorter than keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Fruit elliptic-oblong, sometimes slightly falcate, with a narrow (2–4 mm. wide) wing along the upper edge, rounded or pointed, shortly stipitate, 4.8–6.5 cm. long, 1.5–2.5 cm. wide, papery, appressed pubescent, laxly venose, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199078 morphology 35391181-32CD-4C7C-B5F3-59BA4EA61E5E Fig. 15, p. 78. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502311-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Woody climber. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Branchlets rather densely covered with short golden-brown crisped hairs, sometimes also with longer spreading hairs intermixed, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Leaves 14–38 cm. long; stipules ovate, 5–6 mm. long; rhachis prolonged 1–3.5 cm. beyond the distal pair of leaflets; stipels 1–3 mm. long; lateral leaflets in 2(–3) pairs, elliptic-oblong to oblong-obovate, 7–15 cm. long, 5–9.5 cm. wide, rounded to emarginate (but sometimes acuminate on sucker leaves) with a fragile 2–3 mm. long mucro, narrowed to the broadly cuneate, rounded or cordate base, asymmetric, chartaceous to coriaceous, glabrescent above except sometimes for a short tomentum on the impressed nerves, usually golden-brown spreading pubescent beneath but varying from thinly and inconspicuously puberulous to densely velutinous; primary lateral nerves ascending, 6–9 on either side, prominent; venation ± reticulate but with the oblique veins rather more strongly developed, prominent or covered by the indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Panicles very similar to those of L. goetzei, but the variably developed indumentum golden-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Calyx 3.5–4.5 mm. long, with a golden-brown silky tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Corolla ± 10–11 mm. long, white, sometimes marked or flushed rose-pink, ciliolate at petal-tips; wings a little shorter than keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199088 morphology AC00F999-E7F9-4BEA-A390-1E9A3971F2D3 Young fruit oblong, pointed at either end, shortly stipitate, narrowly winged along the upper edge, up to 7 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, papery, pubescent, venose, 1-seeded; mature fruit not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502312-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Woody climber up to 9 m. or more, or apparently sometimes a much smaller free-standing shrub; slash producing reddish gum-exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Branchlets with a short whitish to brownish pubescence or a dense tomentum, sometimes with longer spreading hairs intermixed, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Leaves 15–36 cm. long; stipules lanceolate-acuminate to triangular-ovate, 5–7 mm. long, with the basal part at least rather persistent; rhachis prolonged (0.5–)1–3 cm. beyond the distal pair of leaflets, glabrous or pubescent; stipels 0.5–2.5 mm. long; lateral leaflets in 3–4 pairs, oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate to elliptic-oblong, 4.5–12.5 cm. long, 2.8–6.5 cm. wide (lower leaflets the smaller), bluntly pointed, rounded or slightly emarginate and usually shortly acuminate, tapered to the cuneate, rounded or shortly cordate base, membranous or chartaceous, hairy at first but soon glabrescent above (except sometimes along the nerves), pubescent or glabrescent beneath; primary lateral nerves ascending, 6–8 on either side, fine and weakly prominent; venation very fine and only slightly raised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Panicles terminal, 22–60 cm. long, with ascending primary branches, also unbranched inflorescences in the axils below; fascicles closely arranged, short and densely flowered; axes whitish to dark brownish pubescent or tomentose; bracts subtending fascicles lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–4 mm. long; flower-bracts mostly ovate-lanceolate, ± 2 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Calyx 2–3 mm. long, tomentose with short appressed whitish to purplish-brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Corolla white, cream or yellowish, 7–8 mm. long, usually with minute hairs at the petal-tips; wings shorter than keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199067 morphology 1071188B-93D7-4454-A3F7-728940929D86 Fruit oblong, with a 3–4 mm. wide wing along the upper edge, acuminate, 8–12 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, papery, inconspicuously appressed pubescent, laxly venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502310-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Woody climber, shrub or tree with pendent liane-like branches, up to 15 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Branchlets brown pubescent to tomentellous, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Leaves 20–47 cm. long; stipules subulate to ovate-acuminate, 3–4 mm. long, caducous; rhachis prolonged ± 2–3.5 cm. beyond the distal pair of leaflets, glabrous to thinly pubescent; stipels 1–2.5 mm. long; lateral leaflets in (1–)2–4 pairs, oblong or elliptic-oblong, 8–18 cm. long, 3.5–8 cm. wide, obtuse or acuminate, narrowed to the shortly rounded or cordate base, asymmetric, chartaceous, glabrous above except sometimes for a few hairs on the nerves, subglabrous to appressed puberulous beneath (indumentum conspicuous only with a lens); primary lateral nerves 4–6(–7) on either side, prominent; venation lax, fine and slightly raised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Panicles terminal and axillary (sometimes the latter reduced and few-flowered), up to 18–60 cm. long, with usually numerous ascending branches; axes brown pubescent to velutinous; fascicles of mature panicles not very crowded; bracts subtending fascicles and flowers linear-lanceolate to ovate, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Calyx 2.5–4 mm. long, brownish tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Corolla 7–9(–12) mm. long, cream or white, sometimes with small scattered hairs mostly on the keel and wings; wings as long as the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000199019 morphology 16E0E4BE-FD9A-4837-95AF-34310032D3B5 Fruit linear-oblong or oblong, not winged, rounded at the ends, subsessile, 6–10 cm. long, 1.8–3 cm. wide, papery, densely appressed pubescent, ultimately glabrescent, laxly venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:502306-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Deciduous tree up to 7.5–18 m. tall, generally with a straight trunk and spreading crown; bark usually rough, grey-brown; slash yellowish, exuding red gum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Branchlets appressed pubescent, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Leaves (6.5–)10–28 cm. long, compound or rarely (and not in East Africa) some or all 1-foliolate; stipules linear, 2–3 mm. long, early caducous; lateral leaflets (0–)1–5 on either side, mostly subopposite, broadly lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, up to 4–10 cm. long, 2.4–4.8 cm. wide, narrowed or acuminate to the bluntly pointed or emarginate tip, broadly cuneate or rounded at base, bright green above, chartaceous, glabrous or rapidly glabrescent above, appressed puberulous beneath; primary lateral nerves curved-ascending, ± 12–18 on either side, looped near margin; venation laxly reticulate, prominent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Racemes in axils of current and fallen leaves, 6–20(–30) cm. long, rather few- to many-flowered; bracts small, fugaceous; bracteoles at top of the slender 10–18 mm. long pedicel, very small, fugaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Calyx shortly lobed, 4–6 mm. long, with hairs at mouth of the tube inside, otherwise glabrous, often coloured with reddish gum-exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Corolla 10–14 mm. long, yellow, fragrant; standard broadly obovate; wings broadly expanded, enveloping keel and nearly as long as the standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Fruit ± semi-orbicular, with a relatively narrow coriaceous wing produced slightly to the subterminal style-base and partially decurrent on to the (0.5–)1–2 cm. long stipe, 4.5–6.5 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, glabrous, laxly venose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172748 morphology 95C1774C-85B7-4DE7-85D9-FACB805C6B92 Fig. 16/1, 2, p. 83. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516496-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Tree, 3–20 m. tall, or at limits of range in southern Africa a several-stemmed shrub, with irregular rounded crown, ± deciduous; bark scaling or reticulately fissured, light grey or brown; slash exuding red gum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Branchlets pubescent to tomentellous, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Leaves (11–)17–40 cm. long; stipules linear, up to 1–1.5 cm. long, fugaceous; lateral leaflets 1–9 on either side, subopposite to markedly alternate, ovate or oblong-ovate to variously elliptic or suborbicular, up to 6–11 cm. long and 3–7 cm. wide, shortly and bluntly acuminate to rounded and emarginate at apex, cuneate to rounded at base, with short fine appressed or spreading indumentum variously developed beneath, rarely glabrous; primary lateral nerves curved-ascending, 10–14on either side; venation prominulous or fine and flat. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Flowers produced in profusion in mostly terminal laxly branched spreading panicles up to 12–40 cm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, fugaceous; bracteoles at top of 3–10 mm. long pedicels similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Calyx 6–7 mm. long, glabrous outside in East Africa (sometimes pubescent further south), with pubescence on the lobes inside; lobes up to half as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Corolla 12–18 mm. long, yellow or orange-yellow, fragrant; standard with a broadly obovate or suborbicular blade, reflexed, marginally crimped; wings broadly expanded, enveloping the keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000172802 morphology 1D8C57B4-9F0A-4B83-9FF6-D6DAEF941195 Fruit shortly stipitate, elliptic-oblong, rounded rather more on the lower side, or ± semi-orbicular, the wing relatively narrow, coriaceous, and scarcely produced to the subterminal style-base, 4–6.5 cm. long, 2.5–3.5(–4) cm. wide, glabrous or (outside East Africa) pubescent, radially venose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516562-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Large tree, 15–36 m. tall, with long clean bole and small rounded crown; bark smooth, grey or pale brown; slash pale, exuding red gum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Branchlets brownish pubescent to tomentellous, usually soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Leaves up to 18–36 cm. long; stipules oblong-lanceolate, up to 1 cm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets 3–5 on either side, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-ovate or ovate, 6–14 cm. long, 2.8–7 cm. wide, the lower ones relatively shorter and broader, rather abruptly contracted to the narrow mucronate generally pronounced acumen, broadly rounded to cuneate at base, subglabrous, usually minutely glandular beneath, with 6–10 well-spaced fine curved-ascending primary lateral nerves looped near the margin and laxly reticulate prominulous venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Racemes or little-branched panicles axillary, but sometimes aggregated terminally or on short lateral branches into pseudopanicles, 5–15 cm. long; axes thinly pubescent to tomentellous; bracts linear to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 3–12 mm. long, evanescent; bracteoles near top of the 3–6 mm. long pedicel, elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 3–8 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Calyx 5–8 mm. long, mostly subglabrous but densely covered with short hairs near lobe-margins outside and on the lobes inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Corolla 10–16 mm. long, golden-yellow; standard ovate-elliptic to suborbicular, usually emarginate; wings not much longer than the keel and nearly as long as the standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000171921 morphology 06F45A1B-9D8A-4274-8E15-76255BF6573A Fruit obovate-orbicular, 10–12 cm. long, with a 0.6– 1.2 cm. long stipe and a very broad membranous glabrous wing bearing the style to one side, not much thickened over the seed-cavity, laxly venose but prominently so only over the seed-cavity and towards the style-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516516-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Tree 6–24 m. tall; bark grey or brownish, fairly smooth to conspicuously fissured; slash whitish, with blood-red resinous exudate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Branchlets subglabrous to tomentose, sometimes with scattered yellowish often glandular spreading bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Leaves 10–30 cm. long; stipules oblong, bluntly pointed, ± 3 mm. long, evanescent; lateral leaflets 2–6 on either side, ovate, oblong-ovate or oblong-elliptic, 4.5–11 cm. long, (2–)2.5–6.5 cm. wide, narrowed to a short acuminate tip, rounded to slightly cordate at base, glabrous to puberulous above, subglabrous to tomentose and generally minutely glandular beneath, with ± 6–14 inconspicuous spreading primary lateral nerves on either side and fine reticulate venation prominulous at least above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Panicles terminal and axillary from upper leaves, 8–22 cm. long; axes densely hairy and sometimes densely covered with yellowish spreading ± glandular bristles; bracts lanceolate to ovate, 1–3.5 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles variously inserted on the 3–6 mm. long pedicel, small caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Calyx 5–7 mm. long, densely hairy and sometimes with glandular bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Corolla 11–18 mm. long, cream or golden-yellow to orange, fragrant; standard obovate; wings broadly expanded, much exceeding the keel and nearly as long as the standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172877 morphology BBCEC1D4-2F90-4DFA-8655-F4C6CE7BD905 Fruit suborbicular, 5.5–21 cm. across, with a 0.3–2 cm. long stipe and a broad wing curved round to approach or extend beyond the pedicel, bearing the style near the base, pubescent (sometimes densely so) and sometimes with scattered yellowish sticky glandular bristles most numerous over the seed-cavity and towards the base, venose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516591-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Deciduous tree, 5–20(–30) m. tall, with an open spreading crown, rarely (and not in East Africa) a shrub 3–4 m. tall; bark reticulately fissured, rough, greyish-brown to dark grey; slash exuding red sap. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Branchlets brownish or silvery-grey pubescent to floccose-tomentose, tardily glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Leaves up to 22–35(–45) cm. long; stipules linear-lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, attenuate, (0.6–)1–2 cm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets (5–)6–9 on either side, broadly lanceolate to elliptic, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-obovate, up to 5–10 cm. long and 3.5–5.5 cm. wide, narrowed to the variously developed but generally short mucronate acumen, rounded to slightly cordate at base, usually hairy on both surfaces but generally soon glabrescent above and sometimes beneath as well, with ± 10–14 fine fairly closely spaced primary lateral nerves and a similar number of well-developed secondary lateral nerves giving a striate appearance; reticulate venation prominulous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Racemes, or (fide F.C.B.) rarely sparsely branched panicles, precocious or in the axils of young leaves, 6–12 cm. long; axes densely hairy; bracts lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, 5–8 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles near top of the 8–15 mm. long pedicel, linear to linear-lanceolate, 3–8 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Calyx 8–10 mm. long, densely appressed pubescent to tomentose outside but practically glabrous on the lobes inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Corolla golden-yellow to orange, 16–20 mm. long; blade of standard suborbicular to oblate with the sides soon folded back in open flowers, marginally crimped; wings broad, exceeding the keel and nearly as long as the standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Fruit suborbicular, (8–)10–15 cm. long, with a 1–2.5 cm. long stipe and a broad undulate wing bearing the style basally or basi-laterally, pubescent, also with a mass of long rigid plumose bristles over the central thickened seed-bearing part and smaller ones peripherally, inconspicuously venose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0000172643 morphology EAA69D47-4AEA-4EAA-B115-1A1FE8E1676F Fig. 17, p. 90. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516403-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Tree 6–18 m. tall, with ascending branches and rounded crown; bark grey-brown, usually rough, flaking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Young branchlets golden-brown or rusty tomentellous, sometimes (particularly in West Africa) floccose-tomentose; older branchlets rather thickened, corky and much scarred, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Leaves mostly aggregated near the branch-tips, ± 25–45 cm. long; stipules oblong-acuminate to linear-lanceolate, 6–12 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets (5–)6–8 on either side, mostly oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, sometimes ovate, up to 5–13 cm. long, 3.5–6(–9) cm. wide, the lower ones often relatively small, bluntly pointed to shortly rounded at apex, rounded to cordate and unequal-sided at base, with the margins slightly recurved on the older leaflets, covered with a golden or silvery silky indumentum at first, becoming shortly pubescent and ultimately glabrescent above, ± discolorous and coriaceous, with ± 6–10 laxly inserted curved-ascending primary lateral nerves prominulous beneath, a lax tertiary venation and fine ultimate vein-reticulum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Panicles with laxly inserted spreading branches, ± 7–18(–22) cm. long, rusty tomentellous to floccose-tomentose; bracts lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long; bracteoles inserted at top of the 2–5 mm. long pedicel, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Calyx 4–5 mm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Corolla 13–15 mm. long, white or greenish-white, sometimes marked darker at base of petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Fruits linear-oblong, ± 9–18(–30) cm. long, 3–4(–4.5) cm. wide, glabrescent, 1–3(–5)-seeded, sometimes replaced by ± 1.5–2 cm. long hard subglobose-ellipsoid galls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0001060031 morphology 4423E5B7-DA9F-48B8-A8F8-6803D41BDC0D Fig. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525837-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Deciduous tree 4–9 m. tall, with dense irregular crown; bark grey-brown, rather thick and deeply fissured; slash pinkish, exuding reddish gum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Branchlets furrowed, thinly to densely spreading pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Leaves mostly crowded on short lateral branches, ± 15–30 cm. long; stipules subulate, 4–10 mm. long, persistent; rhachis channelled; lateral leaflets 6–10 on either side, the uppermost at least usually subopposite, elliptic-oblong to oblong, up to 3–6 cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, rounded at both ends, unequal-sided at base, the margins slightly incurved, glabrous to pubescent above, subglabrous to pubescent beneath particularly on nerves and margins; primary lateral nerves 5–8 on either side of midrib, looped some little distance from margin, prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Inflorescences in axils of older or fallen leaves, with clusters of flowers along the simple rhachis, ± 8–30 cm. long; rhachis tomentose with brownish spreading hairs; bracts subulate or lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long; bracteoles near top of 4–6 mm. long pedicel, small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Calyx 5–7 mm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Corolla (10–)12–16 mm. long, creamy-white or yellowish with pinkish or purplish median patch on the standard, fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Fruit oblong, narrowed at either end, 6.5–9 cm. long, 1.5–3 cm. wide, pubescent with a denser marginal fringe of long plumose hairs most developed along the upper edge. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000198837 morphology BFAF778B-D4A8-46F5-87B1-B17D88A80BDC Fig. 19. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490528-1 wfo-0000197986 morphology 8FBE3406-3BE0-4855-BD6A-FE26A4586EB4 It has numerous small rigid elliptic-oblong leaflets with incurved margins, a spreading pubescence, small densely arranged white flowers and small elliptic venose but little thickened glabrous fruits. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490096-1 wfo-0000197964 morphology C72E7057-F186-45C3-8FF1-6B04567DDE35 It has about 13–21 bluntly pointed oblong-lanceolate to elliptic leaflets, a short brownish indumentum, well-developed axillary panicles of purplish tinged 5–7 mm. long flowers and small pointed papery fruits. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490087-1 wfo-0000172240 morphology C6A28CF1-FC14-4FAF-A95C-36CDBD29212B It has only 5–7 broadly ovate or suborbicular rounded leaflets, white flowers and oblong (1.5–2 cm. wide) fruits darker coloured but not thickened over the seed-cavity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490295-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Spiny shrub or tree, up to 5–12(–30) m. tall, typically several-stemmed and much branched to form a low irregularly shaped crown; bark grey, ultimately rough and fissured or flaking; heartwood purplish-brown to black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Branchlets clustered at the nodes, some growing out, others relatively short and spine-tipped, covered at first with short crisped hairs, but usually soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Leaves mostly 6–22 cm. long; stipules oblong-ovate or oblong, 2–6 mm. long, fugaceous; lateral leaflets 4–6(–8) on either side of rhachis, mostly oblong-obovate to obovate, 1–5(–5.5) cm. long, 0.7–3(–5) cm. wide, truncate or emarginate at apex, broadly cuneate to rounded or slightly cordate at base, shortly pubescent at least beneath, glabrescent; primary lateral nerves 8–12 on either side of midrib, the lower ones ascending to upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Panicles appearing with flush of new leaves, ±3–12 cm. long, laxly branched, many-flowered, with slender subglabrous to shortly crisped-pubescent axes; bracts linear-lanceolate to ovate, concave, 0.5–1 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles at top of short pedicel similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Calyx 2–3(–4) mm. long, sparsely pubescent to subglabrous except on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Corolla 4–6 mm. long, white, fragrant; standard elliptic-obovate or obovate, narrowed to claw; wings little shorter than standard and slightly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Stamens usually 9, united or variously divided. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Fruit elliptic-oblong or irregularly oblong, bluntly pointed, with the 0.5–1 cm. long stipe 3–7 cm. long, 0.8–1.4 (–2) cm. wide, papery, glabrous, laxly and rather diffusely veined, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000172325 morphology 7D4F893D-DCDC-42A4-9200-8FEF1240A2FE Fig. 21/1–9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490328-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Intricate bushy shrub 1.8–5 m. tall; bark grey or pale brown, smooth, ultimately thinly flaking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Branchlets clustered at the nodes, some growing out, others remaining short and not infrequently bluntly spine-tipped, covered at first with small white mostly straight and spreading hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Leaves 2–6 cm. long; stipules oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–5 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets (1–)2–3 on either side of rhachis, oblong-obovate to broadly obovate, 0.8–2.4 cm. long, 0.7–2.3 cm. wide, truncate to broadly rounded or emarginate at apex, cuneate, pubescent on both surfaces; primary lateral nerves 4–6 on either side of midrib, the lower ones ascending to upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Racemes or little-branched panicles appearing with flush of new leaves, (1.5–)2.3 cm. long, the axes shortly ± spreading pubescent to subglabrous; bracts lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–1 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles near top of 1–1.5 mm. long pedicel, similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Calyx 2–2.5 mm. long, puberulous or subglabrous except on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Corolla 5–6 mm. long, white, fragrant; standard oblong-obovate with fairly well-developed claw; wings little shorter than standard and slightly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Stamens 9, united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000171974 morphology 27E91029-80FC-4EA2-B19C-AA03516B8F5D Fruit elliptic-oblong, bluntly pointed or shortly rounded at apex, narrowed to the 0.5–1 cm. long stipe, (2.2–)3–4.5 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, papery, subglabrous, uniformly and prominently venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490143-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Spiny deciduous shrub 2–3 m. tall; bark grey or greyish-brown, pruinose, irregularly flaking off in small pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Branches of previous season’s growth mostly relatively short, spreading and spine-tipped, often several per node; flowering branchlets very short, cushion-shaped with tufts of leaves, covered with short mostly spreading hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Leaves 1.5–4 cm. long; stipules elliptic or oblong, concave, 1.5–2 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets 6–8 on either side of rhachis, oblong, 4–10 mm. long, 1.5–5 mm. wide, rounded to slightly emarginate at either end, sparsely puberulous, glabrescent; lateral nerves few, rather spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Racemes or little-developed panicles arising on cushion-shaped branchlets with tufts of young leaves, 1–2.5 cm. long, with slender shortly hairy axes; bracts linear-lanceolate or oblong, 0.5–0.75 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles at top of 0.5–1 mm. long pedicel, similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Calyx 2–2.5 mm. long, sparsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Corolla 4–4.5 mm. long, white, fragrant; standard suborbicular or oblong-obovate, rather shortly clawed, glabrous; wings little shorter than standard and slightly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Stamens 9, united or irregularly divided into 2 phalanges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172041 morphology F8BA64C8-B729-4152-AB0E-855D8ED75BC7 Fruit oblong-elliptic, narrowed or shortly rounded to style-base, narrowed to a 0.8–1 cm. long stipe, 3–4 cm. long, 1.2–1.5 cm. wide, papery, glabrous, with lax prominulous venation at least over the seed-cavity, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490191-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Shrub, 2–4 m. tall, sometimes with the larger branches curved; bark grey or brownish, striate, ultimately flaking off in small pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Branches of previous season’s growth mostly relatively short, spreading, tapered but scarcely spine-tipped, sometimes several per node, rather densely puberulous, glabrescent; flowering branchlets very short, cushion-shaped with tufts of leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Leaves 2–3.5 cm. long; stipules small, fugaceous; lateral leaflets 6–8(–12) on either side of rhachis, oblong, up to 4–11 mm. long, 1.5–5 mm. wide, rounded at both ends, pubescent; lateral nerves few, rather spreading, inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Racemes or little-developed panicles arising with tufts of new leaves on short branchlets, 1.5–5 cm. long; axes slender, spreading, pubescent at least on rhachis; bracts linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles at top of 1–2 mm. long pedicel, similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Calyx 4–4.5 mm. long, thinly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Corolla 7–8 mm. long, white; standard suborbicular with well-developed claw, hairy inside near base of blade; wings practically as long as standard and slightly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Stamens 9, united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172336 morphology 088A5B0F-6CFA-46A0-BFF2-F64E55863F6E Fruit elliptic-oblong, bluntly pointed to rounded at apex, narrowed to the 0.5 cm. long stipe, 2–3 cm. long, 0.8–1.3 cm. wide, papery, brown, glabrous, narrowly winged along upper side (peripheral nerve submarginal) and with inconspicuous venation, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490335-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Bushy shrub or small tree, sometimes scandent, 1.3–10 m. tall; bark greyish or brown, striate, ultimately rough and flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Branchlets rather persistently and densely covered with short appressed or slightly spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Leaves (5–)6–9 cm. long; stipules linear, up to 4 mm. long, caducous but leaving a prominent scar; lateral leaflets 5–8 on either side of rhachis, oblong or oblong-elliptic, up to 1.4–2.6 cm. long, 0.5–1.3 cm. wide, rounded to slightly emarginate at either end, glabrous to thinly puberulous above, conspicuously white appressed puberulous beneath; primary lateral nerves rather few and spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Panicles prolifically developed on leafy branches, laxly branched, mostly 4–9 cm. long, many-flowered; axes shortly pubescent to tomentellous; bracts ovate to oblong, up to 1.5 mm. long, early caducous; bracteoles at top of 1–3 mm. long pedicel similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Calyx 4–5 mm. long, glabrous or with scattered hairs on the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Corolla 6–8 mm. long, white, fragrant; standard suborbicular with well-developed claw, hairy at base of blade inside; wings practically as long as standard and slightly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Stamens 9(–10), united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Fruit oblong-elliptic, with short stipe 3–4.5 cm. long, 0.8–1.2 cm. wide, papery, subglabrous, narrowly winged along upper side (peripheral nerve submarginal), venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000172542 morphology A51C7616-E6B2-480F-BDE5-DFA0E262B4DE Fig. 20/1, 5, p. 97. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490513-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Shrub, generally scandent with aid of relatively short curved or coiled ± spine-tipped branches produced singly or in pairs at older nodes, up to 15 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Branchlets appressed puberulous to tomentellous, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Leaves 4–8 cm. long; stipules small, fugaceous but leaving a prominent scar; lateral leaflets 10–16 on either side of rhachis, oblong or elliptic-oblong, 0.6–1.1(–1.3) cm. long, 0.3–0.8 cm. wide, rounded to emarginate at either end, sparsely hairy when young but soon glabrescent; primary lateral nerves 6–8(–10) on either side of midrib, rather spreading, conspicuous only on older leaflets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Panicles prolifically developed on leafy branches, mostly 3–8 cm. long (occasionally an apparently leafless branch growing out as a compound inflorescence up to 30 cm. long), with laxly inserted primary branches but subsequently somewhat corymbose, many-flowered; bracts ovate, acuminate, 0.5–1 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles at top of 1–2 mm. long pedicel similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Fruit red, orange or yellow, ellipsoidal, at first trigonous, usually becoming rounded at maturity but some retain 2–3 blunt keels particularly near the style base, 1.2–2 cm. long, 0.6–1.2 cm. wide, acuminate, glabrous, not truly dehiscent but breaking irregularly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0001135191 morphology 1B0C504B-404D-4A43-9985-6F02223C862D Seeds brown, irregularly ovoid or ellipsoid, 7.5–13 mm. long, 4–9 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783292-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Dioecious, much-branched small tree, ± 3 m. tall in Tanzania but 12–30 m. tall in Somalia and Madagascar; young twigs densely pubescent at first, later glabrous, with bark whitish, smooth, later fissuring vertically to become red-brown; older bark peeling like a plane tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Leaf-rhachis 2–8(–12.5) cm. long, somewhat flattened and with raised lateral lines, pilose or glabrous; petiolules 2–8 mm. long, channelled, swollen; leaflets in 2–4(–5) pairs, opposite, ovate to narrowly elliptic, 0.5–1.4 cm. long, 1.5–4 cm. wide, the uppermost pair largest, the lowermost slightly to 1/3 smaller, shortly and bluntly acuminate, the base cuneate and usually asymmetric, thick, leathery, drying purplish-brown beneath, glabrous apart from scattered hairs on the midrib; midrib sunken above, prominent beneath, lateral nerves looping inside the margin with smaller veins between the loops and the margins, venation raised and reticulate beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Flowers 5–6 mm. long, borne in fascicles of cymes; inflorescence-axes 1.5–6 cm. long, the branches ± 1 cm. long, both yellowish pubescent, abruptly transitional to glabrous; pedicels 1–2 mm. long, deciduous with the (male) flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Sepals unequal, orbicular, 2–4 mm. long, concave, glabrous; petals 5, white, slightly exceeding the sepals, ovoid, briefly clawed, 4 mm. long, 3.5 mm. broad, the scale half as long as the limb, villous-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Stamens 12, shortly exserted; anthers oblong, 1.3 mm. long, briefly auriculate at the base; filaments flattened, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Ovary rudiment minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Female flowers not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Fruits not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000583101 morphology 96767AFA-D978-431A-9057-3918CC8FDC60 Fig. 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782172-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Monoecious evergreen tree, 6–21 m. tall with heavy crown; bark grey or pale brown, smooth; slash pale orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Foliage with petioles etc. and base of midribs crimson when young; leaf-rhachis 0–10 cm. long, including 0–5 cm. long petiole; petiolules 0–1 cm. long; leaflets in 1–3 pairs (sometimes reduced to 1 leaflet), the lowest pair not noticeably reduced, the upper pair opposite, drying greyish green above and paler green beneath, elliptic, 6.5–27 cm. long, 2–10 cm. wide, rounded to acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire, glabrous; secondary nerves in 12–20 pairs, ± indistinct. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Inflorescence said to be ± unpleasantly scented, often appearing terminal and accompanying a new flush of leaves, paniculate, 5–20 cm. long, 5–15 cm. wide, the branches thyrsoid with both clusters and single flowers; axes at first golden pubescent, elongating in fruit; pedicels 0–3 mm. long, enlarging to 7 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Flower greenish yellow; sepals 5, the outer 2 shorter than the inner, ovate or round, 2–3.5 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, glabrous apart from the white margin; petals 5 (rarely absent), ovate, 2–3 mm. long and wide, clawed, scale half as long as the limb, fringed with hairs; disk pentagonal, 3.6 mm. in diameter, lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Stamens 5–7, hairy at base, glabrous for most of length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Ovary 2(–3)-lobed; style entire; ovary rudiment in male flowers a cushion of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Mericarps crimson, 2(–3), developed ones ellipsoid, 1–1.8 cm. long, 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, but 1–2 abortive at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Seeds black, ± 1.2 cm. long, 9 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000446268 morphology 77AD6E4D-97FF-49E2-B5A9-70C30C30DFCA Fig. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783527-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Dioecious deciduous shrub or tree, (3–)7–24 m. tall; bark grey, smooth; slash orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Leaves yellow when young, turning pink-flushed then pale green; leaf-rhachis 3–12 cm. long, the lowest leaflets near the base forming pseudo-stipules1.5–4 cm. long; leaflets in (1?–)2–3(–4?) pairs, oblanceolate, elliptic, ovate or lanceolate, 3–25 cm. long, 1.5–11 cm. wide, the uppermost the largest, the lowermost much smaller, acute or obtuse at the apex, cuneate to truncate at the base, the margin sometimes undulate, glabrous save for main nervation beneath; main lateral nerves in 4–14 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Inflorescences terminal, axillary or cauliflorous; main axis 5–15 cm. long, elongating to 30 cm. in fruit, usually branched, the branches 3–5 cm. long, pseudo-racemose with flowers single or in short cymes; pedicels 2–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Flowers brownish yellow, yellowish white, pinkish yellow or brownish red; sepals 4, ovate, 1.5–2 mm. long, spreading, pubescent outside, nearly glabrous inside; petals lacking; disk yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Stamens 5, well exserted; filaments 3–8 mm. long, glabrous; staminodes with filaments 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Ovary yellow-pubescent; style 2(–3)-lobed, glabrous, drying dark coloured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Fruit orange, drying ferruginous pubescent, of 1–2 mericarps, single ones usually asymmetrically ovoid, 2–2.5 cm. long; pulp fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0000703684 morphology 802EB0AE-809B-486C-949D-CD714EE2C861 Fig. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:783175-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Weak-stemmed tree ± 15 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Petiole 5–17 cm. long, woody; rhachis 4–20 cm., glabrous; petiolules swollen, channelled, 4–10 mm. long; leaflets in 3–5 pairs, oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, the uppermost pair largest, 12–26 cm. long, 4–13 cm. wide, the apex with a short acute acumen, the base unequally cuneate or rounded; both surfaces glabrous and shining, drying brown; lateral nerves in ± 10 well-marked pairs, they and the midrib with a convex line on the upper surface, very prominent beneath, the veins forming a very fine raised reticulum on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Inflorescence unbranched, with sessile fascicles on long spikes, apparently borne on the stem, opposite or between leaves; axis 27–40 cm. long, puberulous, bearing cymose groups of 3–7 flowers subtended by subulate bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Calyx-tube 1.5 mm. long, lobes 2 mm. long, densely ferrugineous-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Disk said to be densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Stamen filaments pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245156 morphology B3D86FF8-7DEE-47E3-926F-8F197F46CAF4 Fruit unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784441-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Tree ± 20 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Petiole 3.5–6 cm. long, glabrescent; leaf-rhachis 13–17 cm. long, minutely hairy; petiolules 2 mm. long, swollen, pubescent; leaflets in 6–7 pairs, drying brownish, alternate apart from the lowermost, narrowly oblong-elliptic to lanceolate, 6–12 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, the middle pairs slightly longer than the lowermost, abruptly acuminate, the base asymmetrically acute or rounded, both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins in ± 13 pairs, indistinct above, prominent beneath, the midrib with a raised line on the upper surface, minor vein reticulum prominent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Inflorescence a branched thyrse borne on the old wood; main axis 27 cm. long, branches up to 11 cm. long, pubescent; flowers single or in groups on the main or branch axes or on short minor branches; bracts 0.5–2 mm. long; pedicels 5–9 mm. long, sometimes articulated with a pedicel-like stalk 1–5 mm. long below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Calyx-lobes triangular, 1.5 mm. long, externally shortly velvety pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Disk pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Staminodes 8 (male flowers unknown). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Ovary deeply 3-lobed, 3-locular; style equalling the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Fruit unknown, expected to be a group of 1–3 mericarps joined at the base only or for a greater part of the central septum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0001245157 morphology 4A76AD3B-AC3B-4DE9-BE12-038B77A180E8 Fig. 19. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005249-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Dioecious tree or shrub, (0.5–)4–20 m. tall, with blackish bark; young shoots ± pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Leaves drying grey-green; petiole 6–14 cm. long; rhachis 3.5–12 cm. long, glabrous or minutely pubescent; petiolules 0.5–1.1 cm. long, thickened and ± wrinkled, pubescent; leaflets usually in 3–4 pairs (see note), oblong-oblanceolate, oblong or rarely obovate to oblong-elliptic, 5–22 cm. long, 2–8 cm. wide, often broadest just below apex, acuminate at the apex, the actual tip rounded or acute, cuneate at the base, coriaceous; midrib glabrous or pubescent near base, lateral nerves in 6–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Inflorescences axillary and on older wood; male condensed, 1–3 cm. long, with no space between individual flowers, densely orange-brown velvety pubescent; female 3–3.5(–8.5) cm. long, with darker ferruginous indumentum and flowers or cymules more scattered; pedicels ± 2 mm. long; bracts 3 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Male flowers: calyx-tube 5 mm. long, with unequal ovate lobes 1–3 mm. long; petals 4, yellowish white with ovate lamina and long hairy claw, 7–10 mm. long, up to 5 mm. wide, scale bilobed, 5 mm. long, apically erose and often with a long forked appendage from each lobe; disk reniform, flat, 2 mm. wide; stamens 6–11; filaments 2.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Female flowers: calyx-tube 2 mm. long, lobes 2–2.5 mm. long; fertilised ovary ovoid, 3 mm. long, densely pubescent; style and stigma 3 mm. long; staminodes ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Fruit greenish yellow, obtriangular, 3 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, deeply 3-lobed; endocarp acutely triangular in section. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471337 morphology 942056EB-2C06-469A-8ADE-A12A50661D20 Seeds oblong, 1.7 cm. long, 7 mm. wide, finely reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784011-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Shrub or small tree 1.8–18 m. tall with glabrous branches; bark pale grey-brown, described as rough or smooth; twigs densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Leaves often drying grey-green; petiole slender, 2.5–15 cm. long, thickened at base, glabrous; rhachis 6–12 cm. long; petiolules 5–7 mm. long; leaflets in (2–)3–5 pairs, rarely 2 but probably always some with more (see note), oblanceolate to broadly elliptic-oblong, obovate or elliptic, 5.5–27+ cm. long, 1.7–7(–12) cm. wide, rounded to subacute or distinctly acuminate or rarely emarginate at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Inflorescences axillary and on the older wood, narrowly thyrsoid with single flowers or subsessile ± 3-flowered cymules spaced at intervals, ferruginous pubescent; male 2–20.5 cm. long, pedicels 0–2.5 mm. long; female mostly shorter, 2.5–5(–7) cm. long, pedicels 2–2.5 mm. long (in Flora area – 5–7 mm. in Natal). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Male flowers: calyx-tube 1–2 mm. long, lobes triangular, 2–3 mm. long, velvety brown-pubescent outside; petals white or cream, obovate, the limb 2 mm. long and wide, scale bilobed, with a pair of simple or forked ligulate appendages; disk semicircular; stamens 8 with pilose filaments 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Female flowers: ovary 1.8 mm. long, ferruginous pubescent; style and stigma 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Fruit orange-yellow, with 1–3 mericarps developing, joined for up to 2/3 their length, each ellipsoid, compressed, 1.5–2 cm. long, 1.1–1.5 cm. wide, up to 1.1 cm. thick, sometimes only one developing then other 2 remaining at its base, ± 6 mm. long; pedicels ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0000471325 morphology 678FE480-AC9C-4F5F-B7D7-595DAE26CD54 Seeds pale brown or dark, compressed ellipsoid, 1.2–1.8 cm. long, 0.8–1.3 cm. wide, up to 8 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784008-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Tree 4–15(–25 fide Troupin) m. tall or shrub in West Africa, sometimes said to be sprawling or with gnarled trunk; crown dense; bark brown or red-brown, thin, smooth, horizontally striated; young shoots ferruginous pubescent; slash (in Uganda) granular, pale brown or off-white, vaguely mottled with orange-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Leaves drying grey-green, with (1–)2(–3) pairs of leaflets or abnormally pseudo-trifoliolate; petiole dark brown, 1.5–10 cm. long, puberulous or glabrescent; rhachis 1–5 cm. long; petiolules ± thickened, 2–10 mm. long; leaflets equal or upper pair up to twice as large, oblanceolate-obovate, elliptic or lanceolate, 3.5–15(–20) cm. long, 1.7–6.3(–7.5) cm. wide, rounded to mostly shortly acuminate at the apex, the tip rounded or acute, cuneate at the base, ± coriaceous, glabrous; lateral nerves in 8–12 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Inflorescences single or 2–3 closely placed, axillary or at nodes when leaves have fallen, 0.3–5 cm. long, densely dark ferruginous pubescent; flowers spaced, either single or in 3-flowered clusters; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, but buds subsessile; bracts ovate, 1.5 mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Male flowers: calyx-tube ± 1 mm. long, with triangular lobes 1.5–2 mm. long; petals 5, white, cream or greenish yellow, ± 2–2.5 mm. long, the claw ± 1 mm. long, scale half as long as the limb, entire or bifid with lobed ciliate appendage; disk circular or unilateral, reniform; stamens 7–8(–9); filaments 3.5 mm. long (but probably longer in adult flowers), pilose below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Female flowers: ovary deeply 3-lobed; stigma capitate; staminodes 8, very reduced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Fruits not seen (ellipsoid, 1 cm. long ex icon. Troupin). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001236572 morphology D1D8607E-2D41-4B94-83FE-44CD9DBD7AAE Fig. 20. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784026-1 wfo-0001243545 morphology 724C71BB-0FA4-463C-9A84-E4296673A6C6 Scandent shrub, the floriferous branchlets 2.5–3 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784010-1 wfo-0001243545 morphology 724C71BB-0FA4-463C-9A84-E4296673A6C6 Leaves unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784010-1 wfo-0001243545 morphology 724C71BB-0FA4-463C-9A84-E4296673A6C6 Inflorescences 2–6-fasciculate, borne at thickened leafless nodes, paniculate or pseudoracemose, 5–7 cm. long, the rhachis pale ferruginous tomentose with very dense stiff sharply pointed hairs; individual cymules subcapitate, 3–5-flowered with stalks 5–8 mm. long; pedicels 2 mm. long; bracts ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784010-1 wfo-0001243545 morphology 724C71BB-0FA4-463C-9A84-E4296673A6C6 Male flowers: calyx-lobes 5, joined to middle, elliptic, 5 mm. long, 1.8(–4) mm. wide (see note), broadly imbricate, subacute, densely pale ferruginous tomentose outside; petals 4, slightly exceeding the sepals (or only 2.5×1.5 mm. – see note) the lower 1/3 comprising a thick claw, blade membranous, the margin crenate-lobulate, scale adnate to petal above the claw, with a variable deeply lobed or lobulate crest slightly exceeding the margin of the scale; stamens 7 (3 mm. long in fragment) with elongate pilose filaments slightly exceeding the petals; anthers large (1.5 mm. long in fragment), glabrous, dorsally affixed, the connective drying black, dilated; disk fleshy, very excentric, lobulate, glabrous; rudimentary ovary absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784010-1 wfo-0001243545 morphology 724C71BB-0FA4-463C-9A84-E4296673A6C6 Female flowers unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784010-1 wfo-0001243545 morphology 724C71BB-0FA4-463C-9A84-E4296673A6C6 Fruits unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784010-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Slender single-stemmed dioecious shrub, (0.2–)1–2 m. tall, from a thick starchy root; bark slightly rough with raised lenticels which when young are covered with quartered or stellate cork cell masses. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Leaves up to 50 cm. long, with 3–6 pairs of leaflets; petiole 5–15 cm. long, ± woody, brownish puberulous; rhachis 9–19 cm. long; petiolules ± thickened, 6–8 mm. long, brown-pubescent; leaflets opposite or alternate, the leaves sometimes appearing pseudo-imparipinnate, oblanceolate, obovate-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, 4.5–23(–?32) cm. long, 2.9–8(–?11.5) cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, the actual tip ± obtuse or slightly acute, cuneate to truncate or very slightly subcordate at the base, glabrous save occasionally for few hairs on midrib beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Inflorescences pseudoracemose, borne on the stems just above or below ground-level, 4.5–30 cm. long, brown-puberulous; peduncle 7.5–25 cm. long; individual cymules numerous, up to ± 50, each 3–6-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Flowers sweet-scented; buds grey-tomentose; pedicels up to 1.3(–2) mm. long; calyx pale green, campanulate to cylindric, 3–5.5 mm. long, shortly densely pilose, lobes unequal, 1–1.5 mm. long, 0.75–1.75 mm. wide; petals 4–5, cream, narrowly clawed, the claw linear (0.5–)1–2.5 mm. long, limb elliptic-oblong, (2–)4–5.5 mm. long, (0.5–)2 mm. wide, lobulate at the apex, margin crenulate, scale very variable, up to 1/3 the length of limb, adnate at the base or sometimes throughout, entire or bilobed at the apex, lobes simple, triangular, 0.5 m. long, a narrow horn-like crest sometimes present; disk semilunar, unilateral. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Stamens 7–9; filaments 3–5 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Ovary ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 3-angled, 3-locular; style conical, 2.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, the stigmatose apex clavate and sulcate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Fruiting inflorescence mostly prostrate on ground; fruit fleshy, orange, 3-angled-subglobose or obtetrahedral, 3-lobed, (2.7–)3.6–5 cm. long and wide, acuminate at apex, rounded at base, the lobe margins acute, minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Seed ellipsoid or subdiscoid, 1.5–1.8 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, 4–6 mm. thick, distinctly compressed, pale brown; hilum linear, 9 mm. long; testa scurfy-reticulate when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604314 morphology 7A5C5F0B-D9B8-4F76-818C-88053AFBC2E8 Fig. 21. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782293-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Tree 5–18 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Leaf-rhachis 0.4–1 m. long, ribbed, brown-pubescent or glabrous; petiole 20–50 cm. long, 7 mm. diameter; petiolules 0.7–1.5 cm. long; leaflets (2–)4–6-jugate, elliptic or oblong, 14–42(–46) cm. long, 6.5–17 cm. wide, shortly acuminate to caudate-acuminate at the apex, asymmetrically cuneate or, especially in the lower leaflets, truncate at the base, glabrous and shiny above, minutely pubescent or glabrous beneath; lateral veins in 15–25 pairs, prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Inflorescences purplish, borne on the trunk at base or up to 50 cm. from ground, thyrsoid, (6–)10–15(–35) cm. long; buds purple; pedicels 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Calyx purple, 8–10 mm. long, 2-lipped, densely shortly velvety pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Petals 4–6, obovate-spathulate or oblanceolate, 7.4–9.5 mm. long, including a 1.2 mm. claw, 3 mm. wide, scale 5 mm. long, emarginate, sometimes with a bifid appendage arising just below the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Disk asymmetric, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Stamens 7–10, the basal 2/3 of the filaments hairy; anthers glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Ovary 5–6-lobed, 5–6-locular, bristly with purple hairs; rudimentary ovary absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Fruit ± star-shaped, pyriform in outline, 7–13.3 cm. wide, 4–6-lobed or winged, densely rough brown or purple spreading hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604281 morphology A7043879-48BA-4267-9515-AB90AA71C0C6 Seeds brown, subovate in outline, very compressed, 1.9–3.2 cm. long, 1.1–1.8 cm. wide, 6 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782262-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Dioecious or ?monoecious tree or suffrutex, 1.2–6(–15) m. tall, mostly unbranched with apical rosette-like crown of very large leaves; bark grey-brown, smooth or somewhat wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Leaves drooping and purplish when young, with 7–12 pairs of leaflets; leaf-buds purplish; petiole 1–3 cm. long, ± woody, pubescent; rhachis 35–100 cm. long; petiolules swollen, ± 1 cm. long; leaflets opposite or alternate, elliptic, oblanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, (3–)5.5–45 cm.long, (1.5–)4–14 cm. wide, shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous save for scattered long hairs on the venation beneath; midrib sunken on upper surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Inflorescences clusters of thyrses borne on the trunk and branches, pinkish green, 5–15 cm. long, the male and female possibly sometimes on the same plant; buds cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Calyx pale green velvety, somewhat 2-lipped, tube 3–4 mm. long, lobes very unequal, 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Petals white or yellow-green, oblong, 4–5 mm. long, emarginate or lobed, scale 3.5 mm. long, bent forward but not hooded at the tip, bearing a short simple appendage, hairy at the junction with the petal limb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Disk reniform, deeply lobed opposite the petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Stamens 8; filaments and anthers pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Ovary 3-lobed, 3-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604312 morphology 3C3995D2-0F45-4344-A65B-42A0D6A15CF3 Mature fruit unknown but very young ones are velvety tomentose and with longer white hairs as well. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782291-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Small dioecious tree; bark grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Leaves with petiole 6 cm. long, 1 cm. wide at base, woody, ribbed, shortly pubescent in the grooves; rhachis up to 1 m. long, tapering, angular; leaflets crowded, ± 12-jugate, the uppermost oblong-oblanceolate or oblong, 20–33 cm. long, 5–8 cm. wide, the lowermost elliptic, 7–8 cm. long, 3–5 cm. wide, obtuse to acute or shortly acuminate at the apex, truncate at the base, glabrous; lateral veins in ± 8 pairs in small leaflets, ± 20 in upper larger leaflets, prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Inflorescences borne on trunk near ground and lower parts of the branches, 10–25 cm. long, at first brownish velvety; male not known; female flowers borne singly or in pairs subtended by a subulate bract up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Calyx 2-lipped with 2 triangular sepals 5 mm. long, separated by a sinus of 2 mm. and 3 sepals 4 mm. long, separated by sinuses of 1.2 mm., increasing slightly in fruit, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Petals 4, drying reddish, oblong, 8 mm. long, 2 mm. wide with claw 0.7 mm. long; scattered hairs present, especially at the junction of the scale, scale ligulate, 4 mm. long, slightly narrower than petal-limb, hooded at the apex, with a shallowly lobed appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Disk reniform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Staminodes with pilose filaments and glabrous anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Ovary triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000604300 morphology B6C077E5-A367-411F-8BA4-AC4634520B24 Immature fruit ovoid, 2.5 cm. long, 3-ribbed, 3-locular, orange-brown velvety tomentose and with longer hairs; pedicels 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005251-1 wfo-0000639340 morphology A197F6C8-7329-475B-903E-4432542B213B Slender monoecious tree or shrub, 1.2–9 m. tall; bark grey or pale brown, thin, smooth; slash brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782717-1 wfo-0000639340 morphology A197F6C8-7329-475B-903E-4432542B213B Leaves up to 0.9–1.2 m. long; petiole 6–40 cm. long; rhachis up to 70 cm. long; petiolules 0–5 mm. long; leaflets in 5–10 pairs, alternate, oblanceolate to oblong, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic, 6.5–40 cm. long, 2.7–11.8 cm. wide, acute at the apex, truncate or slightly subcordate at the base, densely yellow-brown pubescent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782717-1 wfo-0000639340 morphology A197F6C8-7329-475B-903E-4432542B213B Inflorescences extensive, up to 1 m. long; major axes up to 40 cm. long, with secondary axes ± 12 cm. long, densely dark ferruginous pubescent (golden pubescent in life); buds similarly pubescent; flowers fragrant, single or in clusters on the axes; pedicels 2–5 mm. long, enlarging in fruit to 2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782717-1 wfo-0000639340 morphology A197F6C8-7329-475B-903E-4432542B213B Sepals elliptic, 4 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide, silky dark brown-pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782717-1 wfo-0000639340 morphology A197F6C8-7329-475B-903E-4432542B213B Petals white, elliptic, 6–7 mm. long, pubescent outside and ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782717-1 wfo-0000639340 morphology A197F6C8-7329-475B-903E-4432542B213B Fruit golden yellow, depressed globose, of 1–2 mature mericarps, 1.5–1.8 cm. long, 1.7–2.5 cm. wide, with fairly dense spreading pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782717-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Small tree or shrub 1.2–12 m. tall, with simple trunk; bark brownish grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Leaves with petiole 5–20 cm. long and rhachis 15–40 cm. long, both mottled brown or green and straw-coloured towards the base when dry, adpressed-pubescent when young; petiolules 3–10 mm. long, at first pubescent; leaflets in (3–)5–7 pairs, subopposite or alternate, oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, 4–27(–30) cm. long, 1.9–10.2(–16) cm. wide, acuminate (with actual tip rounded) or broadly rounded to truncate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base and often asymmetric, glabrous; lateral nerves in 8–13 pairs, prominent and often drying yellowish beneath; venation prominently raised-reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Inflorescences 9–30(–60) cm. long, with spreading or ascending main branches up to 35 cm. long, ± glabrous or ferruginous (in life and dry) pubescent, sometimes only at the nodes; flowers in dense clusters on very short side branchlets, pedicels said to be ‘brown at base but white above joint’ 0–3 mm. long, lengthening to 5 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Sepals drying cream or brown, 4.5 mm. long, 2.8 mm. wide, the outer strongly overlapping the inner, petaloid, glabrous to densely dark ferruginous-pubescent outside, but always ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Petals white or cream, sometimes tinged pink, obovate, 4–5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, shaggy ciliate below, scale 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Stamens 14–18, with filaments white hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Fruit ± globose, 1.2–1.5 cm. long, 1.2–1.8 cm. wide, usually only one mericarp developing, the two aborted ones persistent at the base, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639348 morphology 669A0CFD-A490-4C5E-8420-84C5BA34B696 Seed 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782724-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Shrub or small tree 0.6–4.5 m. tall with simple stem, monoecious; branchlets brownish or blackish, golden hairy when young, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Leaves terminal with petiole 7–15 cm. long; rhachis 20–42 cm. long; petiolules 0–4 mm. long; leaflets (3–)6–10-jugate, alternate or subopposite, oblong-elliptic to elliptic or sometimes obovate to oblanceolate, 5–23 cm. long, 1.9–8.5 cm. wide, mostly rounded or subacute at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base or rarely subcordate, often densely ferruginous pubescent beneath when very young, but mostly glabrous save for a few adpressed hairs on the main nerves beneath but rarely ± densely ferruginous pubescent beneath; lateral nerves in 5–9(–12) pairs, venation very prominent on both sides, particularly beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Inflorescences terminal, 30–32(–60) cm. long, shortly branched at the base or much branched; ultimate cymules (2–)4–6-flowered; rhachis velvety ferruginous; pedicels 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Calyx densely dark brown or silvery to creamy-ferruginous pubescent outside; sepals elliptic to round, 4–5 mm. long, 2.5–4.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Petals white, drying red-brown, elliptic, 5.5–6 mm. long, 2.8–3 mm. wide, with long white cilia, scale 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Stamens 15–17; filaments white, hairy; anthers pale yellow; staminodes short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Ovary densely pubescent or glabrous in a Madagascan form (see general note); style and stigma pale green; ovary rudiment very reduced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-0000639320 morphology 8E78EC7C-030B-4719-AB0B-21A5ECBF3DEA Fruiting inflorescence up to 40 cm. long; mericarps 2–3, yellow or white, red or golden brown, ovoid or subglobose, 1–1.4 cm. long, densely pale brown hairy when young, becoming thinly hairy; flesh white, mucilaginous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782703-1 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Inflorescence terminal, thyrsoid or compound, subumbellate, in whorls of 1–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Flowers 5-merous, actinomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Corolla white, yellow or red; tube cylindrical, widened around anthers, thickened at the throat; lobes spreading, overlapping to the left urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Stamens included; anthers basifixed, introrse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Disk present, free or adnate to the ovary, often indistinct. Ovary 2-celled, apocarpous or syncarpous, ovules numerous, style terete, stigma bifid, subtended by a cylindrical or slightly conical clavuncula urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Fruit of two follicles, free or connate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000001406 morphology 9E64F51A-C61C-4482-8E69-0D04D34F7A0C Seeds numerous, pubescent, ciliate, sometimes winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331333-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Shrubs or trees; white latex present in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Leaves spirally arranged urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Inflorescence terminal or in branching forks urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Sepals free or nearly so, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Corolla with funnel-shaped tube and oblique lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Stamens included, anthers sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Pistil with apex at level of anthers; ovary of 2 separate carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Fruit of 2 (or by abortion 1) mostly separate drupaceous mericarps with hard endocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000007392 morphology D88995B1-8E42-4E29-8C35-1ECF21173CE8 Seeds 1–2 in each mericarp, flat. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60436653-2 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Succulent shrubs or trees 0.2–6 m tall with clear or white latex; lower trunk sometimes up to 1 m in diameter; bark pale grey or brown, smooth; branchlets pubescent at the apex, glabrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Leaves alternate, (sub–)sessile, confined to apices of branchlets, with colleters in the axils; stipules minute or absent; blade entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Inflorescence thyrsoid, lax; peduncle very short or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Flowers slightly zygomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Corolla tube infundibuliform to salver-shaped, widened at the throat; lobes obovate, overlapping to the right in bud, with an obcordate corona at the base of and in between the lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Stamens included to exserted; anthers with long, filiform, usually coherent and twisted appendages at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Ovary of two globose carpels, coherent at the base; style cylindrical, split at the base; pistil head subcylindrical; stigmoid apex short, bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Fruit of two oblong woody pubescent follicles, coherent at the base, tapering at both ends urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000000605 morphology 04C271DC-E626-4630-B3E1-F4B5D34F186A Seeds many, with tufts of dirty white to light brown hairs at both ends. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2172-1 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Shrubs or trees, occasionally climbers (not in our area); white latex present urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Leaves opposite, with colleters in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Inflorescence terminal, dichasial or monochasial, few to many-flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Sepals almost free, imbricate, with 1–2 alternate colleters within urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Corolla subrotate to infundibuliform; tube cylindrical to campanulate; lobes overlapping to the left; corona variously shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Stamens exserted or included (not in Africa); anthers narrow, partly fertile, introrse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Ovary of 2 carpels, free or slightly connate at the base, united at the apex by the style; pistil head coherent with the anthers, subcapitate or subcylindrical, provided with a basal collar, stigmoid apex minutely bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Fruit of two follicles, completely connate (not in our area) or only at the extreme base and sometimes at the apex, dehiscent throughout by an adaxial slit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000040832 morphology A79DF2EB-4E03-48A4-A1FC-C37015B898DD Seeds numerous, narrowly fusiform, not beaked, with an apical coma directed towards the base of the fruit; testa thin, smooth; endosperm absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443770-2 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Shrubs, lianas or trees with white latex in bark and leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Leaves opposite, petiolate, with colleters in one or two rows in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Inflorescences terminal, paniculate, several- to many-flowered, lax urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Flowers 5-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Sepals persistent in fruit, connate at the base, ciliate, with colleters within urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Corolla salver-shaped, ventricose at the middle; lobes contorted in bud, overlapping to the left, inside with 2 sets of appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Stamens exserted, covered by appendages; filaments short, hispid towards the apex, with a triangular swelling on the base of the connective, adnate to the pistil head; anthers introrse, sagittate, apiculate, pilose at the apex, partly fertile urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Pistil glabrous, ovary superior, subglobose, 2-celled, cells free; disk absent; style split at the base; pistil head cylindrical with a thin ring at the base; stigma bifid; ovules numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Fruits of 2 spreading almost free, pendulous, follicularmericarps, slender, dehiscent; pericarp thin, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000030233 morphology 6009237E-2923-4979-85A3-1B5279E1ECE6 Seeds numerous, linear to oblong, with a dense tuft of hairs at the apex directed towards the base of the fruit; embryo large; cotyledons complicate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2517-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Shrub with white latex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Leaves opposite, with a row of colleters in the axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Inflorescence terminal or in axils of upper leaves, paniculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Flowers 5-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Calyx with 0–5 colleters at the base near the edge urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Corolla salver-shaped; tube urceolate; lobes overlapping to the left, with a corona at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Stamens included; filaments short, hispid at the apex; anthers apiculate and pilose at the apex, rounded at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Ovary of two free, rounded carpels, glabrous; pistil head with a cylindrical basal part with a skirt at the top and bottom and a bifid stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Fruit of two slender, almost free follicular mericarps, dehiscent adaxially, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036597 morphology B3941233-599F-4818-9ECC-9A2A8D87A6B5 Seeds with a coma at the apex, directed towards the base of the fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2578-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Shrubs, sarmentose shrubs, or lianas, rarely trees (but not in our area); latex present in most parts; bark rough, sometimes with corky protuberances, lenticellate; stipules reduced to small rims urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Leaves opposite or ternate, rarely quaternate, with colleters in the axil of the petiole urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Inflorescence terminal or in forks of branches, rarely axillary, 1–many-flowered in simple or compound dichasial cymes; bracts sepal-like or scarious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Flowers 5-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Calyx imbricate-quincuncial, deciduous in fruit, colleters present adaxially urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Corolla often with long tails to the lobes, the tube cylindrical proximally and slightly wider distally becoming infundibuliform, at the mouth with a 10-lobed corona, the lobes erect and in pairs at the margins of the corolla lobes, lobes alternisepalous, overlapping to the right, ovate to oblong, at the apex acute to tailed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Stamens included or partly exserted, connate to the style and forming a cone around the distal part of the style and stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Ovary 2–celled, the cells partly connate, style terete, stigma subtended by an angular clavuncula urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Fruit of 2 woody mericarps on a thickened woody pedicel, the mericarps usually divergent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000036924 morphology 74B49407-8D99-464A-B403-6641A23F7C6D Seeds many per mericarp, narrowly ovoid with a beaked apical coma. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2582-1 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Evergreen trees or shrubs, with white latex; trunk mostly straight, cylindrical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Leaves opposite, those of a pair connate into a short ochrea, with many small colleters in two or three rows in the axils; blade with domatia beneath; secondary veins prominent beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Inflorescence terminal and axillary, cymose, congested; bracts ovate or elliptic with colleters within; peduncle short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Flowers 5-merous, actinomorphic, fleshy, fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Sepals free, thick, with colleters within urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Corolla tube ventricose at the middle, throat thickened; lobes overlapping to the right urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Stamens included; filaments short or absent; anthers 2-celled, introrse; connective coherent with the pistil head urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Ovary of two almost free carpels, united at the base of the style; pistil head ovoid, stigma conical; disk 5-lobed; ovules pendulous, 200–350 in each carpel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000015130 morphology 5FAE95B9-B151-4199-89AF-BEF8228EADC3 Fruit of two separate woody follicles, connate at the base, flattened adaxially and dehiscent; seeds slender, fusiform, with a hairy coma at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295871-2 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Shrubs or trees, mostly with white latex in all parts; branchlets terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Leaves opposite, sometimes deciduous; ochreae not or slightly widened into intrapetiolar stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Inflorescence axillary and/or terminal; peduncle subsessile; bracts sepal-like, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Flowers fragrant or not urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Sepals free urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Corolla tube cylindrical in the lower part, abruptly widening just below the insertion of the stamens into a campanulate or narrowly urceolate apical part; lobes free to halfway connate, overlapping to the right urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Stamens included, barely exserted; anthers with pubescent connective, coherent with a circular patch with pistil head urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Ovary of 2 separate carpels; disk present, 5–parted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000023257 morphology 97E608A8-F6A8-4A13-9DE7-ED3B60ED92EE Fruit of 2 linear cylindrical follicles, abaxially and longitudinally dehiscent; seeds dark brown, with a coma longer than the grain, directed towards the apex of the follicle. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2425-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Deciduous shrubs or trees up to 25 m high, with abundant white latex in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Leaves (sub-)opposite, petiole glandular near the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Inflorescences terminal, cymose, many-flowered; bracts without colleters urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Flowers fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Sepals persistent, valvate, with 0–10 colleters at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Corolla salver-shaped; tube cylindrical, pubescent at the throat; lobes white, overlapping to the right urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Stamens inserted at the base of the corolla tube; filaments short, pubescent at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Pistil glabrous or pubescent; disk absent; ovary ovoid, of two carpels, connate at the extreme base, placentas adaxial; ovules numerous, in 4–8 rows; pistil head ovoid; stigmoid apex bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000018051 morphology B5E217B1-398F-4D86-B7EB-AE3A69CBEF4A Fruit of two thin-walled slender follicles, dehiscent; seeds glabrous, with a dense tuft of hairs at the apex, 3–6×as long as the seeds; embryo large, with a scanty endosperm; cotyledons large, complicate. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2371-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Lianas or climbing shrubs; white or clear latex in all parts (except in A. zambesiaca and occasionally A. schumannii); branches mostly lenticellate; branchlets terete, glabrous or sometimes puberulous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Leaves opposite, petiolate; ochreae often widened into intrapetiolar stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Inflorescence terminal, sometimes also axillary, cymose, few- or many-flowered, lax to very dense; peduncle mostly short; flowers open during the day, mostly fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Sepals connate at the extreme base, ciliate, mostly with colleters within urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Corolla with variously shaped heads in mature bud more or less characteristic for the species, mostly pubescent below the insertion of the stamens and interrupted between the filament ridges; lobes overlapping to the right in bud, ciliate; tube shorter or longer than the lobes; lobes entire to sinuate-crenate, spreading or recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Stamens with their tips reaching mouth of corolla tube; anthers sessile, sterile at the apex and below, pubescent below, coherent with the pistil head by a clavuncle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Ovary of two separate carpels (united in A. multiflora), pubescent at the apex; disk absent; pistil of a basal cone or cylinder, usually with a ring at the apex and a bilobed stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000001075 morphology 26FD6C96-2E48-476A-8EFE-F2751EB29F97 Fruit of two separate, thin walled, long and linear follicles (1 syncarpous in A. multiflora), dehiscent on adaxial side; seeds with a short wing at the base and a hairy coma longer than the grain attached at the apex or on a beak at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2180-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Climbing shrubs or lianas with white latex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Leaves (sub-)opposite, colleters absent but glands present near base of petiole; blade with domatia in some vein axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Inflorescence terminal, thyrsoid, many-flowered; bracts sepal-like or leafy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Flowers 5-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Sepals imbricate, connate at the base, ciliate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Corolla tube with 5 external pockets appearing as thickenings inside, from about half the length to the base of the lobes; tube glabrous inside except for tufts of hairs alternating with the stamens; lobes in bud contorted, overlapping to the right, slightly ciliate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Stamens included, connivent into a cone; anthers with penicellate hairs at the apex, at both tips with a subglobose thickening up to 0.1 mm in diameter, between the tails on the connective an orbicular patch, the retinacle, with long hairs along the margin adhering to the pistil head urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Ovary semi-inferior, carpels two, connate at the extreme base, entirely or apically densely pubescent; disk present, adnate to the ovary at the base, composed of a ring and 5 lobes, alternating with the stamens; style obconical to cylindrical; pistil head composed of a slightly 5-winged upper and a cylindrical lower portion to which 5 retinacles adhere urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Fruits pendulous, of two woody follicles, connate at the extreme base, dehiscent adaxially urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000024910 morphology DB66B640-21FB-4C9C-B1EB-3892E5113AE1 Seeds attached to the adaxial side of the fruit, flat, elliptic to ovate; coma directed towards the apex of fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2442-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Climbing shrubs, lianas or rhizomatous creepers (not in our area) with white latex; tendrils, axillary glands and stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Leaves opposite, petiolate; petiole with colleters above, near base to halfway up; domatia usually in some vein axils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Inflorescences axillary and terminal, few to many-flowered cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Flowers 5-merous, fragrant or not; sepals imbricate, with 0–10 colleters at the base inside urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Corolla tube with dense tufts of hairs alternating with the stamens inside, usually with scales or ridges above the insertion of the stamens; lobes contorted in bud, overlapping to the right urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Stamens inserted in lower part of corolla tube; anthers connivent into a cone over the pistil head, coherent with the pistil head by a circular patch, the retinacle urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Ovary semi-inferior, carpels two, connate at the extreme base, disk present, adnate to the ovary base; pistil head with a nearly cylindrical basal part, adhering to the anthers, a slightly 5-winged central part and a bilobed stigmoid apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000003904 morphology 784A98B9-B7AE-48B5-8692-3642282876F2 Fruits of 2 pendulous, follicular mericarps, connate at the extreme base and sometimes at the apex, usually slightly constricted between the seeds; seeds with a deciduous apical coma directed towards the apex of the mericarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2218-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Climbing shrubs or lianas; white latex present; branchlets (sub-)opposite, terete urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Leaves (sub-)opposite; petiole with glands on the adaxial side; domatia in some vein axils, consisting of pits, often with a ciliate margin or of a tuft of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, thyrsoid, many-flowered; bracts deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Stamens 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Ovary globose, 0.7–1.2 mm. in diameter; stigma subsessile or style 0.25–0.3 mm. long at least in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Capsule red, globose, 1.5–2.5 mm. in diameter, exserted from calyx for 1/3 – 2/3 of its length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Seeds brownish, ± ovate in outline, concave-convex, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000531127 morphology 2F45AA12-039F-49BB-BD0D-A28D0D40FFFA Fig. 12/22–25, p. 39. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552806-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Annual often red erect or ascending simple or ± branched herb or sometimes a minute ephemeral, less often subshrubby and possibly a short-lived perennial, (0.6–)2–80 cm. tall: stems 4-angular or ± winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Leaves linear to elliptic, 0.7–7 cm. long, 0.15–1 (–1.6) cm. wide, narrowed to the apex, nearly always narrowed to a cuneate base, rarely obtuse or subcordate, glabrous or very slightly asperulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Dichasia (1–)3–many-flowered, ± lax to somewhat dense; peduncles 1(–2) mm. long; pedicels 1–2.5(–4) mm. long; bracteoles minute, linear-lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Calyx red or green; tube turbinate-campanulate, 1–1.2(–2) mm. long; lobes 4, broadly triangular, 1–1.5 mm. long; intermediary appendages absent or very inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Petals nearly always absent or odd minute ones sometimes present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Stamens 4, as long as the calyx-lobes or shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Ovary globose, 0.7–1.2 mm. in diameter; style 0.1–0.3 mm. long or stigma sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Capsule red, globose, 1–2.5 mm. in diameter, 1/2–3/4-included within the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Seeds brownish, concavo-convex, 0.4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000530936 morphology D0E11FCA-394A-461A-BDB3-9A1229166405 Fig. 12/26–30, p. 39. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552663-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Erect simple or branched annual 10–30 cm. tall; branches spreading, 4-angled, shortly hispidulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Leaves linear-oblanceolate, 1.2–6 cm. long, 1.2–9 mm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, the actual tip ± rounded, gradually narrowed to the base, not auricled, sessile, subscabrid on the margins and single nerve beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Cymes dense sessile 1–7-flowered clusters; bracteoles linear, 1.6–2 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Calyx green; tube urceolate, 1.5 mm. long, densely shortly papillate-pubescent; lobes 4(–5), ovate-triangular, 0.7–0.8(–1.2) mm. long and wide, apiculate at apex, widened at base, slightly joined at the extreme base to form a collar 0.6 mm. tall above the constriction of the tube, connivent in fruit, ciliate; appendages minute, forming basal ears to the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Petals not present, Stamens yellow, 4(–5); filaments inserted at unequal heights, 0.5 mm. long, included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Ovary ellipsoid, ± 1 mm. long; style and stigma together 0.2–0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Capsule subglobose to ellipsoid, 2–3 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide, enclosed in the calyx-tube which is constricted above it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Seeds 0.35 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000531118 morphology DBBDF900-3E8A-4592-B431-CDDEA1D48FD6 Fig. 12/31–34, p. 39. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552797-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Annual or perennial branched or unbranched erect or decumbent herb, 12–45 cm. tall, often growing in water; stems sometimes caespitose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Leaves linear, 2.5–6 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, acute at the apex, usually widened at the base to up to 3 times the width at the middle but some leaves scarcely if at all widened; midrib impressed or channelled above, prominent beneath and often margined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Nodal pair of flower clusters up to 8 mm. across; pedicels obsolete or up to 1 mm. long (fide Fernandes); large bracteoles 3–3.5 mm. long, 0.7–1.5 mm. wide, inner ones ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Calyx campanulate; tube 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; lobes and appendages very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Petals lilac, violet or reddish, oblong, 1–1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Stamens ± 4, 2–2.3 mm. long, inserted near the middle of the tube and exserted ± 1–1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Ovary obovoid, 0.5 mm. long; style 1.5–2 mm. long, almost as long as the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Capsule ellipsoid, ± 2 mm. long, scarcely exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Seeds dark violet, 2–4, 1–1.75 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000723388 morphology C40D94D5-1A6B-4C85-A2C5-1082491BA34A Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:553499-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Aquatic, amphibious or terrestrial perennial herb with often reddish simple or branched creeping ascending erect or floating stems 1–15 cm. long, rooting at nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Leaves decussate or in whorls of 3–8; submerged leaves linear, up to 1.5 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. wide; aerial leaves linear to narrowly ovate, 0.2–1.5 cm. long, 0.2–2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Flowers reddish or whitish, sessile and solitary in the axils, occasionally cleistogamous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Calyx-tube golden red or pink, ± subglobose, 0.5–0.75 mm. long; lobes (3–)4(–6), triangular, 0.25–0.5 mm. long; appendages absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Petals absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Stamens 1–4, usually included within the calyx-tube, occasionally exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Ovary globose; style usually very short, rarely up to 0.3 mm.; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Capsule globose red to purple, occasionally spotted white, 0.5–0.75 mm. in diameter, opening by 3 valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Seeds semiovoid, ± 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404310 morphology 70534C40-C6CF-4F55-8322-C962B8C3954E Fig. 15/1–5, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554200-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Aquatic or amphibious annual or ? perennial, sometimes entirely submerged; stems pink, inflated and ± fleshy when submerged, floating or creeping, usually erect and scarcely branched above, rooting at the nodes, 5–40 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Leaves decussate, sessile; submerged ones elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.5–2 cm. long, 2–7 mm. wide, obtuse at the apex, cordate at the base, membranous; aerial ones oblong to obovate, 0.3–1.2 cm. long, 2–6 mm. wide, obtuse at the apex, cordate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Flowers pink, reddish or greenish, solitary, axillary; pedicels 0.3–2 mm. long; bracteoles 2, filiform to linear-lanceolate, 0.25–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Calyx-tube ± cylindrical to urceolate, 0.8–1.2 mm. long, enlarging and becoming subglobose and often splitting in fruit; lobes 4, triangular, 0.5–0.9 mm. long, ± mucronate; interjected folds distinct before fruiting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Petals pink or white, 0–4, sometimes rudimentary, linear to obovate, 0.2–0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Stamens 4 or sometimes less. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Ovary ellipsoid, 1 mm. long, 4-locular; style very short, 0.2–0.3 mm. long, stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Capsule ellipsoid to globose, (1.5–)2–3 mm. long, equalling or exceeding the calyx, 4-valved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Seeds compressed-ovoid, 0.35–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404228 morphology E1CA5A72-0EBD-4609-B140-D3F595F53158 Fig. 15/11–14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554239-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Aquatic annual (? or perennial) herb 20–30 cm. long; stems submerged, leafless below, usually ± branched and leafy above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Leaves opposite (rarely alternate), lanceolate, 0.3–1.5 cm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide, attenuate at the apex, the actual tip truncate or emarginate, attenuate at the base, spreading or reflexed, 1-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Flowers pink, 5-merous, sessile, solitary in the axils; bracteoles linear-filiform, 1.25 mm. long, exceeding the calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Calyx campanulate-urceolate; tube ± 1 mm. long; lobes triangular, 0.4 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, acute; appendages narrowly triangular, 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Petals absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Stamens 2; filaments ± 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Ovary ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. wide, 3-locular; style 0.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Capsule reddish, subglobose, 1–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Seeds yellowish, ellipsoid, 0.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0000404225 morphology BE16807C-1F8A-413A-9C0F-F966E303CE57 Fig. 15/15–18, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554244-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Annual, ? or perennial herb 14–30 cm. long; stems creeping, ascending or erect, often much branched and rooting at the nodes, the submerged ones ± thick, the aerial 4-angled or ± winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Leaves decussate or occasionally in whorls of 3, lanceolate to ovate, largest on the main stems, 0.3–2 cm. long, 1–8 mm. wide, acute at the apex, attenuate, rounded or subcordate at the base, subsessile or very shortly petiolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Flowers purplish, 3-merous, solitary in the axils, distributed throughout, sessile; bracteoles 2, linear, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, ± as long as calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Calyx-tube campanulate, ± 1 mm. long; lobes 3, triangular, 0.35–0.5 mm. long (± papillate in Tanzania); appendages 3, (0.4–)0.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Petals 3, elliptic, ± 0.5 mm. long, ± 0.25 mm. wide, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Stamens 3 (2 in Tanzanian var.), the filaments 1 mm. long in Tanzania. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Ovary globose, 0.75–1 mm. diameter; style 0.25 (0.4 in Tanzania) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Capsule subglobose, (1.2–)1.5 mm. long, 3-valved (the valves ± papillate in Tanzania). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Seeds whitish, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0001076044 morphology FCD6CE3F-D9D8-4EAA-BBDE-CA8ADE8BE329 Fig. 15/19–22, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554188-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Erect or decumbent simple or branched annual, 3–30 cm. tall; stem green or tinged with red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Leaves narrowly elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate, decussate, 0.5–2.5 cm. long, 1–6 mm. wide, obtuse at the apex, narrowed at the base into a short petiole, spreading or suberect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Flowers crimson or reddish purple, 3–4-merous, (1–)3–12 in axillary sessile racemose clusters; rarely with vegetative growth continued beyond the inflorescence rhachis; pedicels 0.4–0.5(–1.3; –2 fide Cook) mm. long; bracteoles linear-subulate ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Calyx-tube usually campanulate, ± 0.6 mm. long; lobes 4(–5), triangular, 0.4–0.7 mm. long, acuminate; appendages absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Petals absent, (or 1, white, fide Milne-Redhead & Taylor 10873). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Stamens 1(–3), yellow, included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Ovary reddish, ellipsoid, 0.5–1 mm. long; style very short; stigma cream, capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Capsule ellipsoid or globose, 1–1.5 mm. long, 3(–4)-valved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Seeds brownish, subglobose or compressed-ellipsoidal, concavo-convex, 0.25–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404236 morphology B2B79B28-E811-4F5A-B3CD-A369E180F46B Fig. 15/23–27, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554228-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Amphibious or terrestrial annual or perennial herb; stems often pink, subsucculent, erect or creeping, 3–20(–30) cm. long, simple or sparsely branched, rooting at nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Leaves often tinged reddish, narrowly elliptic to almost round, 2–6 mm. long, 1–4.5 mm. wide, obtuse at the apex, ± narrowed to subcordate at the base, decussate, ± sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Flowers reddish or greenish, 4(–5)-merous, solitary in the axils, sessile; bracteoles linear-lanceolate to capillary, 0.5–0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Calyx-tube campanulate, ± 1 mm. long; lobes red, 4(–5), triangular, ± 1 mm. long, 2 opposite lobes slightly wider at base than other pair or 1 wide, 1 narrow and 2 intermediate; appendages absent (Fernandes says very short or absent for R. minuta); interjected folds distinct at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Petals absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Stamens (1–)2 (–3); filaments 1 mm. long, not exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Ovary red, subglobose, 0.75 mm. long; style 0.25–0.5 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Capsule ± globose, 1–1.5 mm. long, 3-valved, scarcely or not exceeding the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Seeds brownish (said to have bright red marks, Norman 150), subglobose or obovoid, concavo-convex, 0.3–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404280 morphology 9E437B1E-54C7-4CD0-9BB4-6E82C94AB19C Fig. 15/28–31, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554177-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Amphibious or aquatic annual or perhaps sometimes a perennial 5–40 cm. tall; stems red or brownish, erect, simple or irregularly branched, sometimes spongy and creeping beneath, often densely tufted and leafless beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Leaves sometimes red, mainly 1-nerved, decussate; submerged leaves linear to lanceolate, 0.3–2 cm. long, 0.3–0.8(–3) mm. wide; aerial leaves lanceolate to ovate, (2–)5–9 mm. long, 1–7 mm. wide, obtuse to emarginate at the apex, truncate to cordate at the base; petiole absent or very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Flowers solitary in the axils, sessile or subsessile; bracteoles 2, linear-subulate, 0.2–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Calyx pink; tube cupular, 1–1.5 mm. long, somewhat accrescent; lobes 4, triangular, equal or unequal, 0.5–0.7 mm. long; appendages absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Petals white or pale pink, 2–4 or sometimes missing, linear to obovate or round, up to 0.75 mm. long, 0.25 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Stamens (1–)2(–3–4); filaments 0.5 mm. long, the red-brown anthers included, borne below the stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Ovary ± reddish, globose or ellipsoid, ± 0.8 mm. long; style 0.25–0.5 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Capsule red-brown, ellipsoid to obovoid or globose, 2mm. long, as long as or ± exceeding the calyx-lobes, 2-valved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Seeds brownish, semi-ellipsoid, 0.3–0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000404273 morphology D2F988DD-EE48-434F-AC2C-27328D0DF67B Fig. 15/32–35, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554170-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Annual amphibious caespitose herb, 0.3–10 cm. tall, longest when submerged; stems red, mostly simple above but creeping submerged parts branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Leaves usually decussate or occasionally in whorls of 3, submerged linear, aerial narrowly oblong to ovate or upper linear-lanceolate, 0.5–1.5 cm. long, 0.5–1.2 mm. wide, submerged tapering to a slender emarginate apex, aerial obtuse to emarginate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Flowers minute, 4-merous, solitary in axils, subsessile; bracteoles 2, scarious, minute, 0.1–0.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Calyx-tube campanulate, 0.3–0.5 mm. long, not accrescent but splitting in fruit; lobes 4, triangular, 0.2–0.4 mm. long; appendages absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Petals absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Stamens 2; filaments very short, ±0.1 mm. long, the anthers included within the calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Ovary globose, becoming ellipsoid, 0.4–0.7 mm. long; style 0.1–0.3 mm. long; stigma subcapitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Capsule red, ellipsoid, 1–1.3 mm. long, about twice as long as calyx, opening by 2 valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Seeds light brown, semi-ellipsoid, concavo-convex, 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000405917 morphology 2DEE4B83-BAFF-40CC-BEDF-114D683BA0D9 Fig. 15/36–39, p. 53. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554148-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Perennial herb to 25 cm. tall; stems caespitose, 4-angled, ascending, lower parts creeping, branched and rooting at the nodes, upper parts ± erect, the lower nodes with bases of fallen leaves somewhat spinulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Leaves decussate, sessile, the lower (usually submerged) and intermediate narrowly lanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. long, 0.6–1 mm. wide, truncate or ± bifid at the apex (sometimes eroded away fide Fernandes), narrowed at the base, upper lanceolate, narrowly elliptic, oblong or ± ovate, 4–8(–10) mm. long, 1–1.5(–4) mm. wide, obtuse at the apex, attenuate or slightly cordate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Flowers solitary and sessile in the axils; bracteoles white, linear, scarious, 0.6–1 mm. long, slightly exceeding the calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Calyx-tube white or pink, campanulate, ± 1 mm. long, not accrescent; lobes (3–)4, triangular, 0.5 mm. long; appendages absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Petals 3–4, lanceolate, very small or up to 0.25 mm. long, lanceolate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Stamens (2–)4, slightly shorter than the calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Calyx 2–2.5 mm. long, sparsely hairy to practically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Corolla 3–4 mm. long, white or cream, fragrant; standard obovate to suborbicular, with relatively well-developed claw, sometimes with small hairs on claw, otherwise glabrous; wings nearly as long as standard and shortly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Stamens 9–10, often in 2 phalanges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000197953 morphology 5E21596A-AC9F-4BC0-BCBB-E6EF6C352D61 Fruit elliptic-oblong or oblong, narrowed at either end, with 0.5–0.8 cm. long stipe 3–5.5 cm. long, 1–1.6 cm. wide, papery, often darker coloured but scarcely thickened over the seed-cavity, glabrous, laxly venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490086-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Large shrub or tree, 4.5–10(–21) m. tall, laxly branched and with ± spreading crown; bark grey or brown, ultimately rough and flaking in small pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Branchlets with a persistent or evanescent yellowish or off-white matted tomentum or practically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Leaves 10–30 cm. long; stipules oblong, up to 8–15 mm. long, caducous or rather persistent; lateral leaflets 4–8(–9) on either side of rhachis, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate or elliptic-oblong, 3–7.5 cm. long, 1.5–3.5 cm. wide, bluntly pointed, broadly cuneate to rounded or cordate at base, glabrous to tomentose; lateral nerves ± 6–10 on either side of midrib, ultimately prominulous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Panicles produced in profusion from precocious to full-leaf stage, much branched, spreading, ± 5–13 cm. long, many-flowered; axes often with indumentum grading from tomentose on peduncle to subglabrous on pedicels, but sometimes sparsely hairy or glabrous overall; bracts linear-lanceolate to oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, 1.5–3 mm. long, fugaceous; bracteoles, at top of 2–4(–6) mm. long pedicel, oblong to broadly elliptic, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Calyx 3.5–4.5(–5) mm. long, reddish, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Corolla 5–7.5 mm. long, white or cream, turning yellowish, fragrant; standard oblong-obovate to obovate or broadly elliptic with a well-developed claw, glabrous; petals all practically the same length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Stamens (8–)9–10, united or very rarely in 2 phalanges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171828 morphology 72119DA0-7103-4E75-B9B2-EA2934986733 Fruit oblong, narrowed to the pointed or shortly rounded apex, narrowed to the ± 0.8–1 cm. long stipe, 6–11 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, papery, reddish-brown, glabrous, obscurely veined, 1–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490106-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Small tree or shrub, sometimes scandent with aid of modified tendril-like branches, 1.8–5 m. tall; bark grey, striate, ultimately rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Branchlets covered at first with short yellowish or brown mostly crisped or spreading hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Leaves 7.5–12.5 cm. long; stipules oblong, pointed, 4–7 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets 2–4 on either side, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-obovate, 2.5–6 cm. long, 1.6–3 cm. wide, rounded to emarginate at apex (sometimes slightly acuminate in southern Africa), cuneate to rounded at base, glabrous or practically so above, appressed pubescent to subglabrous beneath; primary lateral nerves well spaced (± 6–10 on either side of midrib) in East Africa varying to rather closely spaced (± 10–14) in South Africa; venation laxly reticulate, becoming prominent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Panicles terminal and axillary on leafy branches, laxly branched, 4–10(–20) cm. long, many-flowered; axes thinly pubescent to tomentellous; bracts elliptic, 0.75–1.5 mm. long, somewhat persistent; bracteoles at top of very short pedicel (less than 1 mm. long) similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Calyx 3–4.5 mm. long, puberulous at least on lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Corolla (5–)6–8 mm. long, white, fragrant; standard oblong-obovate, rather abruptly contracted to claw, glabrous; wings shorter than standard and shorter to a little longer than keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Stamens 9–10, united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171877 morphology 09C1DE30-B6CC-49C5-A728-F0BBC473E990 Pod narrowly oblong to oblong-elliptic (particularly in South Africa), pointed, with 0.5–0.8 cm. long stipe 4–9 cm. long, 1–1.8 cm. wide, thickened, darker and very prominently veined over seed-cavity, yellowish pubescent, venose, 1–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490365-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Small tree or shrub, sometimes scandent with aid of modified spiny or coiled branchlets on older wood, 3–10(–18) m. tall; bark grey or grey-brown, striate, ultimately flaking off in small pieces; wood reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Branchlets with a yellowish or brown matted tomentum, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Leaves mostly 8–15 cm. long; stipules oblong-elliptic, concave, 4–5 mm. long, fugaceous; lateral leaflets 4–9(–12) on either side of rhachis, the lower ones at least often subopposite, elliptic-oblong, oblong or oblong-obovate, 2.2–4 (–5.5) cm. long, 0.8–2.3 cm. wide, bluntly pointed to rounded or slightly emarginate at apex, rounded to cordate at base, with the margins slightly to obviously incurved, usually pubescent at least beneath; primary lateral nerves ± 7–10 on either side of midrib, ultimately prominulous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Panicles mostly precocious, usually several together at the nodes and at the ends of short lateral branches, sometimes also in axils of young leaves, 3–6 cm. long; axes densely hairy; bracts filiform to linear-lanceolate, 1–3 mm. long, irregularly subpersistent; bracteoles, at top of 2–6 mm. long slender pedicel, narrow like bract. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Calyx 3.5–5 mm. long, coarsely pubescent with irregularly arranged mostly slightly crisped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Corolla 6–8 mm. long, white or cream, turning yellowish, fragrant; standard oblong-obovate, abruptly contracted to claw; wings as long as standard, broadly expanded towards apex, enveloping and distinctly longer than keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Stamens 10, all united or the upper one free. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000171776 morphology E6BD8013-15E0-4867-B283-4F75E10B480E Fruit elliptic-oblong or oblong, bluntly pointed, narrowed to a 0.6–1 (–1.5) cm. long stipe, 7.5–15 cm. long, 2–4 cm. wide, thickened, prominently veined and ultimately rough over the seed-cavity, subglabrous to brownish crisped puberulous or tomentellous, venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490084-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Shrub or small tree up to 4–12 m. tall; bark grey-brown to reddish, irregularly cracking even on flowering branches, soon very rough and fissured; heart wood purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Branchlets with a short yellowish or grey matted usually somewhat persistent tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Leaves 9–20 cm. long; stipules oblong or elliptic-oblong, bluntly pointed, 3–6 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets 4–7 on either side of rhachis, ovate to elliptic-oblong or broadly elliptic, 3–8.5 cm. long, 1.5–5 cm. wide, narrowed to the pointed, rounded or emarginate apex, rounded or slightly cordate at base, subglabrous to tomentose with variously straight or crisped hairs; primary lateral nerves ± 6–10(–12) on either side of midrib, often rather obscured by the indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Panicles precocious (several together at the older nodes and at ends of short lateral branches) and in axils of young leaves, densely contracted, 1–5 cm. long, not infrequently replaced by characteristic globular galls (1–2 cm. across and composed of numerous radiating needle-shaped elements, each crowned by a tuft of hair-like filaments); axes tomentose; bracts oblong-elliptic to obovate, 1–2 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles, at top of 1.5–5 mm. long pedicel, a little narrower and 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Calyx 4–6 mm. long, tomentellous in East Africa (often rather less hairy further south) with short brownish or yellowish subappressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Corolla (6–)7–10(–12) mm. long, white or cream, fragrant; standard obovate-elliptic to obovate or suborbicular, with well-developed claw; wings nearly as long as standard, expanded upwards, enveloping and markedly longer than keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Stamens 10, usually in 2 phalanges of 5, but sometimes only partially divided or even subequally united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Fruit elliptic-oblong or oblong, pointed, with 0.8–1 cm. long stipe 4–7 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, papery, scarcely thickened over the seed-cavity, brown, usually glabrous but occasionally varying to tomentose, laxly venose, scarcely winged but peripheral nerve submarginal, l–2(–3)-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172371 morphology 215C92DD-15BB-4AFE-BE08-F2D51750B642 Fig. 21/10–12, p. 101. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490361-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Shrub or small tree, often scandent with aid of modified ± spiny or coiled branches from the older wood, up to 4.5–10 m. tall; bark grey to brown, finely striate with prominent pale lenticels, ultimately somewhat fissured and rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Branchlets thinly to densely covered with short yellowish mostly crisped hairs, sometimes with stout tubercle-based glandular hairs interspersed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Leaves 9.5–18 cm. long; stipules oblong, 5–8 mm. long, caducous; lateral leaflets 5–8 on either side of rhachis, oblong- obovate to oblong-elliptic, 2–4.5 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex, usually cuneate even if broadly so, glabrous or more frequently thinly pubescent on both surfaces at first and glabrescent; primary lateral nerves 8–12 on either side of midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Panicles appearing with and after flush of new leaves, laxly branched, 4.5–10 cm. long, usually many-flowered; axes pubescent to tomentellous with yellowish mostly spreading hairs almost always interspersed with stout tubercle-based glandular hairs; bracts elliptic to obovate or suborbicular, concave, 1–3 mm. long, somewhat persistent; bracteoles at top of 1–3 mm. long pedicel similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Calyx 3.5–4 (–4.5) mm. long, yellowish tomentellous, often with scattered glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Corolla 7–8(–10) mm. long, white to cream, fragrant; standard broadly elliptic or obovate, rather abruptly contracted to claw, hairy towards base outside (sometimes only sparsely so in southern tropical Africa); wings ± as long as standard and much exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Stamens 9–10 in 2 phalanges, sometimes with the vexillary stamen also free. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000172062 morphology E0168496-AF44-4B81-B507-007DC1D8ED09 Fruit elliptic-oblong, slightly acuminate to the shortly rounded or pointed apex, narrowed to the 1–2.2 cm. long stipe, 7–14.5 cm. long, 2–2.7 cm. wide, becoming somewhat thickened and umbonate over the seed-cavity, glabrous, pale brown, rather obscurely and laxly venose, l–3(–4)-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490203-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Small tree or shrub, often scandent with aid of modified coiled branchlets from the older nodes, 3–7.5 m. tall; bark turning grey, striate, apparently not becoming very rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Branchlets subglabrous to crisped-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Leaves 6–15 cm. long; stipules oblong or oblanceolate, sometimes slightly curved, bluntly pointed, 4–10 mm. long, often subpersistent; lateral leaflets 3–5 on either side of rhachis, ovate-lanceolate, ovate or elliptic, 2.5–6 cm. long, 1.2–3 cm. wide, acuminate, rounded at base, subglabrous or appressed pubescent particularly beneath; primary lateral nerves ± 7–10(–12) on either side of midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Panicles on leafy shoots, lax, 4–10 cm. long, many-flowered; axes subglabrous to pubescent; bracts oblong-elliptic to spathulate, 1–3 mm. long, often somewhat persistent; bracteoles at top of slender 1.5–3 mm. long pedicel, rather smaller and narrower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Calyx with the lateral lobes not or scarcely developed, thus 2-lipped, 4–5 mm. long, glabrous to thinly pubescent (particularly in Madagascar). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Corolla 6.5–8 mm. long, white or cream, fragrant; standard elliptic-oblong to oblong-obovate, ± abruptly contracted to the well-developed claw, glabrous; wings practically as long as standard and shortly exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Stamens 9–10, all united or the vexillary stamen free. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Fruit oblong-elliptic or oblong, narrowed at either end, with the short stipe 4.2–6.8 cm. long, 1.3–1.8 cm. wide, chartaceous, not much thickened over the seed-cavity but outer layer in this region darker coloured, becoming peripherally cracked and partially detached, dull brown, glabrous, very obscurely veined, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000171899 morphology F9334743-0BB9-4F2D-B2EC-45981301CF30 Fig. 20/2, 6, p. 97. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490112-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Small tree or shrub, generally scandent if support available and sometimes with aid of coiled branchlets or peduncles, 3–9(–25) m. tall, ± evergreen; bark purplish-brown (at least when dried) and striate on branches, ultimately brown and rather fibrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Branchlets brownish tomentellous, usually soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Leaves ± 13–30 cm. long; stipules oblong, pointed, 5–6 mm. long, fugaceous; lateral leaflets 6–8(–10) on either side of rhachis, oblong or oblong-elliptic, rarely slightly obovate-oblong, 4–9 cm. long, 2–5.5 cm. wide, rather abruptly rounded or emarginate at apex, very broadly cuneate, rounded or slightly cordate at base, glabrous to pubescent; primary lateral nerves ± 14–20 on either side of midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Panicles on leafy branches, ± 5–15 cm. long, but flowering branches often growing out with leaves all or mostly suppressed forming compound inflorescences up to 40–50 cm. long; flowers congested on ultimate axes, many; axes with dark brown persistent felty tomentum; bracts ovate to oblong-elliptic, 1–3.5 mm. long, caducous; bracteoles near top of short 0.5–2(–3) mm. long pedicel, oblong-elliptic to obovate, ± 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Calyx 3.5–5 mm. long, pubescent to tomentellous with short dark brown to almost black hairs, rarely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Corolla 6.5–9(–10) mm. long, white flushed mauve to purplish (particularly on standard inside); standard broadly ovate to suborbicular, cordate and very shortly clawed; wings as long as standard and much exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Stamens (9–) 10, partially or wholly divided into 2 subequal phalanges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Fruit oblong, rather abruptly narrowed or rounded at the ends, with the 0.5–1.5 cm. long stipe (8–)10–15 cm. long, 3–4.5 cm. wide, scarcely thickened over the seed-cavity, chartaceous, greenish or purplish turning dull pale brown or straw-coloured, glabrous, with very laxly reticulate slightly immersed venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172201 morphology 5C7C09CC-FE94-43D7-BBC5-5550E44E473A Fig. 20/3, 7, p. 97. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490286-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Liane or scandent shrub, with modified coiled branchlets as climbing aids, or occasionally a much-branched tree, 4–20 m. high; bark pale brown or purplish-brown and striate on the branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Branchlets coarsely hairy with yellowish-brown subappressed or spreading hairs, soon glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Leaves 16–30 cm. long; stipules deltoid, ± 2–3 mm. long, caducous but leaving a prominent scar; lateral leaflets 8–12 on either side of rhachis, narrowly oblong or oblong-elliptic, 3–5.2(–8) cm. long, 1.2–2.3 cm. wide, rounded to slightly emarginate at apex, broadly cuneate to rounded at base, rather persistently appressed pubescent on both surfaces but more densely so beneath; primary lateral nerves ± 14–20(–24) on either side of midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Panicles on leafy branches, ± 4–14 cm. long, laxly branched with the flowers rather closely arranged towards the top; axes tawny tomentose, sometimes grading to subglabrous on the pedicels; bracts elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong, 3–4 mm. long, fugaceous; bracteoles at top of 2–4 mm. long pedicel, elliptic-oblong to obovate-oblong, 2.5–3 mm. long, caducous or somewhat persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Calyx 4–5 mm. long, densely covered with short yellowish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Corolla 9–10 mm. long, white, almost always flushed mauve or purple; standard suborbicular, ± cordate, very shortly clawed, glabrous; wings as long as standard and much exceeding keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Stamens 10, in 2 phalanges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000172291 morphology D44F3D45-CAF5-4297-95BB-94C3E69D2343 Fruit broadly oblong, abruptly narrowed or rounded at the ends, ± 7–12.5 cm. long, 2–4 cm. wide, scarcely thickened over the seed-cavity, papery, straw-coloured, glabrous, laxly venose, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:490314-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Woody climber 1–4.5 m. tall, stems often attaining over 1.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Stems usually greenish, sparsely adpressed or somewhat spreading pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Leaves 16–34-foliolate; petiole 0.5–1.8 cm. long; leaflets deciduous, oblong, obovate-oblong or ovate, 0.6–2.7 cm. long, 3–10 mm. wide, obtuse to acuminate at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, glabrous or glabrescent above, sparsely adpressed pubescent or puberulous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Inflorescences thick and robust, 2–7 cm. long; peduncles 1.5–6 cm. long; flowers subsessile in dense fascicles; bracts and bracteoles 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Calyx sparsely puberulous, 3 mm. long, denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Corolla yellow, white, pink or mauve, 0.9–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Pods oblong, somewhat swollen, 2–4(–5) cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, with a hooked beak, covered with dense short ferrugineous adpressed hairs, smooth or densely covered with tubercles forming transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178702 morphology A52C060F-22EF-4A19-BDE1-34E7656EC71F Seeds (1)3–7, scarlet with black area around the hilum or very rarely entirely black or yellowish, ovoid, longest dimension 5–7 mm., shorter dimension 4–5 mm., glabrous and shining, usually remaining attached to the edges of the opened valves for some time. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469605-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Woody shrub 0.9–3.6 m. tall, virgately branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Stems adpressed pubescent, later glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Leaves 14–32-foliolate; petioles mostly under 1 cm. long; leaflets oblong-elliptic, distinctly rounded at the sides or in one subspecies oblong with parallel sides, 0.65–3.3 cm. long, 0.45–1.35 cm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at the apex, rounded to subcuneate at the base, glabrous above, finely adpressed puberulous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Inflorescences terminal and in upper axils, 13–30 cm. long; peduncle very short; flowers subsessile in numerous fascicles on very short reduced branchlets; pedicels 2.5 mm. long; bracts and bracteoles very short. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Calyx adpressed pubescent, obconic, 3 mm. long, truncate or undulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Corolla cream, yellow or blue and mauve to purple, the wings usually darker than the standard, 1.1–1.4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Pods oblong to oblanceolate, 5.2–7.2 cm. long, 0.7–1.15 cm. wide, the valves rather thick and woody, adpressed pubescent and usually markedly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178796 morphology 7147DEF1-4676-4A67-A315-D961D650E61E Seeds brown with darker brown mottling, arranged in the pod with the longest dimension at right-angles to the long axis of the pod, rounded-oblong or rhombic, compressed, longest dimension 6–7.5 mm., shorter dimension 5–6 mm., 2.5 mm. thick, finely shagreened; hilum small; rim-aril only slightly developed but a cartilaginous funicle remnant is present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469610-1 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Prostrate subshrub, woody herb or woody liane up to 6 m. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Rootstock usually woody, fibrous or rhizomatous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Stems glabrous to densely spreading or adpressed pubescent, the indumentum greyish or ferruginous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Leaves (10–)12–34-foliolate; petiole short to over 2 cm. long; leaflets oblong, 0.35–5 cm. long, 0.1–2 cm. wide, truncate or broadly rounded and mucronulate at the apex, truncate, rounded or subcordate at the base, glabrous to densely silky pilose above, glabrescent to densely silky pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Inflorescences axillary or terminal; flowers subsessile in fascicles on cushion-like reduced branchlets; bracts and bracteoles minute, under 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Calyx adpressed pubescent, 1.5–3 mm. long, subtruncate, shallowly lobed or distinctly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Corolla white to purple, usually pale pink, drying yellowish, 0.8–1.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Pods oblong or linear-oblong, 2.2–7(–9) cm. long, 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, compressed, smooth, sparsely to densely adpressed pubescent, in some areas also with minute red glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000178724 morphology DF00B42A-DA5A-45A3-9310-DE70AA9A90FD Seeds greyish- or reddish-brown, sometimes speckled with violet or darker brown, oblong or pyriform, usually strongly compressed, arranged with largest dimension across the pod; largest dimension 4–6 mm., shorter dimension (2–)3–4.5 mm., 2–2.5 mm. thick; rim-aril reduced in African material but a conspicuous cartilaginous funicle remnant is present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30417519-2 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Small tree, shrub or liane; twigs grey, pubescent when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Buds inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Stipules triangular, fibrous, caducous, 2–5 mm. long and 2 mm. broad; leaf-rhachis khaki pubescent, up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 2.5 cm., prolonged 3–7 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae subulate, 1.5–2 mm. long; petiolules khaki pubescent, 1–1.5 mm. long; leaflets 5 or, more often, 7, elliptic or oblanceolate with a short broad oblanceolate tip, rounded and narrowed at the base, glabrous above, appressed pubescent, sometimes with a golden sheen, beneath; principal nerves 6–7 on each side, not reaching the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Inflorescence a khaki pubescent terminal panicle, the side branches each with 2–5 flowers and mostly under 5 mm. long but the lower ones sometimes up to 2 cm.; bracts ovate, up to 3 mm. long, pubescent, caducous; pedicel up to 6 mm. long; bracteoles at calyx-base, ovate, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Calyx velvety, greenish-brown; upper lip longitudinally wrinkled in the bud, resembling the standard in shape, ± 14 mm. long, 8 mm. wide at the base and 22 mm. wide near the tip when mature, notched at the apex, with 8 branching longitudinal veins and a well-marked vein-network between; lower teeth some 8 mm. long and 3 mm. wide near the base, the 2 lateral ones asymmetric; calyx-tube ± 3 mm. long above the insertion of the stamens and 2 mm. below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Corolla mauve, strongly veined, glabrous; blade of standard emarginate, with a callous transverse fold at each side of its base, ± 14 mm. long and 21 mm. wide, the claw broad, tapering, ± 4 mm. long and 3 mm. wide at the base; claws of wings and keel attached to filament-sheath; wings 16 mm. long including a claw of 3 mm., the blade folded at the base, 11 mm. wide near the tip, the auricle 2.5 mm. long; keel 18 mm. long including a claw of 6 mm., pouched at the sides, ± 10 mm. wide, with an auricle of 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Vexillary stamen free, curved and widened at the base, some 12 mm. long; filament-sheath 8–9 mm. long, free parts 7–8 mm. long and curved through 90°; anthers 1.6–1.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Disc (nectary) 1–1.5 mm. long, collar-shaped, 10-lobed at the edge, closely clasping the ovary-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Ovary 12 mm. long, densely silky pubescent, with 8 ovules at and below the middle; style glabrous, gradually curved through 90°; stigma small, punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Immature pods suboblong, the upper margin curved, up to 10 cm. long and 2.3 cm. wide, densely rusty tomentose, paler towards the margin, 4–6-seeded, or fewer by abortion; sutures, especially the upper, slightly thickened; beak short, somewhat down-curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Immature seeds oblong, flat, obliquely transverse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000201072 morphology BB453A78-A463-4B30-86BD-F702CA9892FA Fig. 23, p. 121. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:13899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515271-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Tree up to 18 m. tall; buds, twigs and leaves almost glabrous, or the twigs shortly pubescent when young, usually with a few persistent hairs up to 0.5 mm. long around the leaf-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Stipules very caducous; leaf-rhachis up to 12 cm. long; petiolules 4–5 mm. long; stipellae not seen; leaflets 5–7, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, up to 17 cm. long by 5.5 cm. wide; principal nerves 5–6 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Inflorescence a many-flowered terminal panicle densely covered with short (up to 0.5 mm.) brown hairs; bracts oval, up to 3 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels up to 7 mm. long; bracteoles oval, up to 2 mm. long, at, or a little below, the calyx-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Calyx campanulate, densely covered with short appressed brown hairs; tube ± 3.5 mm. long; lobes broadly ovate, ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Corolla white, 12–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Filament-sheath 6–8 mm., free parts 2–4 mm., anthers 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Ovary glabrous or with a few long hairs on the upper suture, 3-ovulate; style glabrous, 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Pod up to 12 by 3.5 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Seeds 1 or rarely 2, up to 20 by 15 by 8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198749 morphology EACD02FF-7FB0-44CC-8772-A80051ED397F Fig. 26/12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487718-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Large or small tree; young twigs, leaf-rhachis, petiolules and underside of leaflet-midribs almost glabrous or sparsely brown pilose with hairs ± 1 mm. long, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Stipules very caducous; leaf-rhachis up to 9 cm. long; leaflets 3–5, ovate or lanceolate, acuminate, up to 10 by 5 cm.; principal nerves 5–6 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Raceme 5–10-flowered, shorter than subtending leaf, the rhachis sparsely brown pilose with long hairs; bracts very caducous; pedicels glabrous or nearly so, up to 13 mm. long; bracteoles caducous, linear or spathulate, under 0.5 mm. wide near the base, 2–3 mm. long, pubescent above the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Calyx glabrous or nearly so; tube 3–4 mm.; lobes 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Corolla 15–17 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Filament-sheath 10 mm., free parts 4–6 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Ovary with a few hairs on the sutures only, 2–5-ovulate; style ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Pod 6–11 cm. long, 2–3.5 cm. wide, 2–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198816 morphology DE9BA4FB-F06F-4BB9-8EBE-FD0EA72E6305 Seed up to 27 × 18 × 8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487727-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Shrub or tree 2–20 m. tall; twigs sparsely or, less often, densely brown pilose at first, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Stipules orbicular or ovate, caducous, pilose; leaf-rhachis up to 10 cm. long, glabrous or very sparsely pilose; petiolules 2–5 mm. long; leaflets ovate-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, usually less than three times as long as wide, up to 11 cm. by 3.5 cm., glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib beneath; principal nerves 5–8 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Raceme densely brown pubescent; bracts orbicular or oval, caducous, up to 4 mm. long; pedicels up to 10 mm. long; bracteoles orbicular or oval-elliptic, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0001135030 morphology 63540C7C-AB26-4924-8182-2445FC259CAF Tree to 25 m.; branchlets purplish brown, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784697-1 wfo-0001135030 morphology 63540C7C-AB26-4924-8182-2445FC259CAF Leaves 15–25(–35) cm. long; leaflets subopposite, in (1–)3(–4) pairs, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate or obovate, (5–)10–20 cm. long, (3–)5.5–11 cm. wide, emarginate to ± acuminate at the apex, acute to truncate or rounded at the base, glabrous save for some pubescence on midrib above and beneath; lateral nerves in 8–15 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784697-1 wfo-0001135030 morphology 63540C7C-AB26-4924-8182-2445FC259CAF Panicles 6–15 cm. long, with spreading branches, velvety brown-pubescent; sepals elliptic, 4 mm. long, silky tomentellous outside; petals narrowly rhomboid, 4 mm. long, the dorsal surface densely long-white-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784697-1 wfo-0001135030 morphology 63540C7C-AB26-4924-8182-2445FC259CAF Ovary pubescent; disk hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784697-1 wfo-0001135030 morphology 63540C7C-AB26-4924-8182-2445FC259CAF Fruit brown, 1.6–2.2 cm. wide, with (1–)3 subglobose hairy lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784697-1 wfo-0001135030 morphology 63540C7C-AB26-4924-8182-2445FC259CAF Fig. 23/4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:784697-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Medium to fairly large tree, rarely shrubby, (4.5–)6–21(–25) m. tall and with slender bole 30–90 cm. diameter, sometimes slightly buttressed at the base (e.g. in Chyulu Hills); crown dark green, open to dense, irregular or rounded; bark grey or greyish white, smooth or slightly rough or granular, sometimes peeling in small to large flakes; slash pale brownish pink or pale orange darkening to reddish brown and smelling of pepper, also described ( Ede 1,T7) as off-white with pinky brown green-edged lines; sapwood white; young branches minutely ferruginous tomentellous and densely lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Leaves trifoliolate, drying dull and dark above, thinly coriaceous; petiole 2.5–10.5 mm. long, minutely tomentellous or less often more distinctly pubescent; leaflets elliptic to obovate, (2.8–)5.5–21 cm. long, (1.2–)3–11 cm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, attenuate to cuneate at the base, shallowly crenulate to toothed, adpressed velvety pilose when very young, later glabrescent or glabrous to minutely puberulous, less often pubescent; tufts of hairs in axils of nerves and veins usually conspicuous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Inflorescences 5–22 cm. long, with 2–10 branches, some again branched, usually finely tomentose; cymules subsessile; pedicels 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Flowers said to be lily-scented or scentless; outer sepals elliptic, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, puberulous, inner elliptic to round, 1.5–2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; petals dirty white or yellowish, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Filaments 2–3 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Style 2–3 mm. long, ± glabrous; stigma 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Fruit red or orange, subglobose, oblong or elliptic, 6–8 mm. long and wide, with very sparse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526540 morphology 9893282B-3899-4C0A-9082-41BB85BB837F Seed ellipsoid, 5–5.5 mm. long, 5.5–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781673-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Much-branched shrub or tree 3–15 m. tall; bark silvery grey; branchlets pale greyish, lenticellate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Leaves trifoliate; petiole 3–16 cm. long, grooved, glabrous or minutely puberulous; petiolule of terminal leaflet 1.2–2 cm. long; leaflets drying pale bright green, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 9–19.5 cm. long, 3.5–9 cm. wide, rounded to acuminate at the apex, narrowly cuneate at the base, subentire, coarsely undulate-crenate and shortly denticulate (the teeth hydathodes) or serrate, thin, glabrous or minutely puberulent on nerves beneath with white hairs and sometimes with tufts in the nerve axils beneath; lateral nerves in 7–13 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Inflorescences up to 28 cm. long, much branched, the branches 10–14 cm. long, glabrous or sparsely white-puberulous; peduncle 14–20 cm. long; cymules few-flowered, sessile; pedicels 3–4 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Flowers white or yellow; outer sepals round, 1.8 mm.diameter, inner elliptic, 1.8 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, glabrous; petals spathulate, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, with hairy scale. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Filaments 2 mm. long; staminodes in female flowers 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Ovary 2-lobed, minutely pubescent; style 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526600 morphology 03B4AFB7-8D3F-4A76-B27D-E7912B91C28D Fruit red, subglobose, 7 mm. in diameter, minutely puberulous when young or ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781721-1 wfo-0000526657 morphology C15EBA49-12DC-4DE7-A6E9-EE8D7FF4DC4D Shrub or spreading tree 2.5–9 m. tall; branches glabrous, lenticellate; slash red-brown exuding off-white sap. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781754-1 wfo-0000526657 morphology C15EBA49-12DC-4DE7-A6E9-EE8D7FF4DC4D Leaves trifoliolate, drying bright green; petiole 4–14 cm. long; leaflets elliptic, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-obovate, 7.5–25 cm. long, 4–10.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, entire or remotely coarsely serrate, thin to slightly thick, glabrous or with indistinct hairy domatia in nerve-axils beneath; lateral nerves in 5–12 pairs, venation fine and closely reticulate, raised on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781754-1 wfo-0000526657 morphology C15EBA49-12DC-4DE7-A6E9-EE8D7FF4DC4D Inflorescence rather robust, 6–24.5 cm. long, including peduncles 5–8.5 cm. long, with 3–4 main branches; axes with short ferruginous pubescence, cymules 3–6-flowered, mostly densely placed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781754-1 wfo-0000526657 morphology C15EBA49-12DC-4DE7-A6E9-EE8D7FF4DC4D Flowers cream, white or greenish; calyx sparsely pubescent; outer sepals round, 1 mm. diameter; inner oblate, 2 mm. long and wide; petals spathulate, 2 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781754-1 wfo-0000526657 morphology C15EBA49-12DC-4DE7-A6E9-EE8D7FF4DC4D Fruits orange-yellow to red-brown, globose, ± 6 mm. diameter, with very sparse adpressed hairs or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781754-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Shrub or tree (2–)4.5–10 m. tall, with heavy spreading crown; bark black or grey to reddish, smooth or rough; slash yellow with pink tinge; branchlets ± glabrous to puberulous or pubescent, lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Leaves trifoliolate, typically ± glabrous but hairy in variety, very discolorous, when glabrous dark and shiny above; leaflets narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 2–14.5 cm. long, 1–7 cm. wide, rounded to acuminate at the apex, attenuate to cuneate at the base, subentire to crenate or coarsely and irregularly dentate, subcoriaceous, sometimes with hairy domatia beneath; petiole (1–)2–7.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Inflorescences 4.5–15 cm. long, unbranched or usually with 1–6 branches, usually pale fulvous pubescent; cymules subsessile; pedicels (0.5–)1.5–2 mm. long, often glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Flowers white, greenish white or yellowish green, scented; outer sepals broadly elliptic, ± 1 mm. long and wide, inner oblate, 1 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, ± glabrous; petal spathulate, 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Filaments ± 2 mm. long, hairy at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Style 1 mm. long, hairy; stigma 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Fruit ellipsoid, 5–7 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide, very sparsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526543 morphology 49E01DDE-01BE-498A-A375-AA516D2CABAF Seed ellipsoid, 5.5–6 mm. long, 4.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781676-1 wfo-0000526674 morphology 249649CF-9A5A-4052-8C65-952A7689753C Tree or shrub 1.8–7.5 m. tall, bark black or grey-brown, rough; stems usually densely ferruginous velvety, later ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781766-1 wfo-0000526674 morphology 249649CF-9A5A-4052-8C65-952A7689753C Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 1.5–6 cm. long, mostly ferruginous velvety; leaflets drying darker grey-brown above, pale brown beneath, elliptic to oblong or obovate, 2.5–12 cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, subacute to rounded or ± truncate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, mostly subcoriaceous, often densely ferruginous velvety at first, later hairy only on venation beneath or ± glabrous; venation reticulate and ± prominent above, the nerves ± impressed, very prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781766-1 wfo-0000526674 morphology 249649CF-9A5A-4052-8C65-952A7689753C Inflorescences 3.5–11(–15) cm. long, including 1–5 cm. long peduncle, branched, the axes ferruginous velvety; cymules subsessile, 3–10-flowered, extremely densely placed so that apices of inflorescence-branches are solid with flowers and spadix-like, the rhachis entirely obscured but often more open at base of branches and often altogether laxer in intermediates with A. africanus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781766-1 wfo-0000526674 morphology 249649CF-9A5A-4052-8C65-952A7689753C Flowers yellow-green, subsessile or pedicels only 0.5 mm. long; inner sepals 1.5 mm. wide; petals spathulate, 1.5 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, the scale densely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781766-1 wfo-0000526674 morphology 249649CF-9A5A-4052-8C65-952A7689753C Filaments 2 mm. long, hairy at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781766-1 wfo-0000526674 morphology 249649CF-9A5A-4052-8C65-952A7689753C Fruits pale orange, subglobose-obovoid, 7 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, pubescent, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781766-1 wfo-0000526828 morphology 34516A6E-19BE-458F-8AF2-AB92B7C6497D Much-branched monoecious spreading tree or less often a shrub or climbing shrub, 3–15 m. tall; branches with brown lenticels, glabrous or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781898-1 wfo-0000526828 morphology 34516A6E-19BE-458F-8AF2-AB92B7C6497D Leaves drying very discolorous, dark purplish brown above, dark green beneath, trifoliolate; petiole 5–7 cm. long, glabrescent or ± tomentose; petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–3 mm. long, of laterals ± 1 mm. long; leaflets elliptic, oblong or obovate, 3–18 cm. long, 1.5–9 cm. wide, narrowly acutely acuminate at the apex, cuneate (or in laterals ± rounded and asymmetric) at the base, finely toothed, especially in the upper third; lateral nerves in ± 12 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781898-1 wfo-0000526828 morphology 34516A6E-19BE-458F-8AF2-AB92B7C6497D Inflorescences (5–)10–15 cm. long, simple or with 2 side branches up to 10 cm. long, axillary or appearing paniculate; peduncle 2–4 cm. long; axes with long hairs; cymules 4–7-flowered, the stalks ± 1 mm. long; pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781898-1 wfo-0000526828 morphology 34516A6E-19BE-458F-8AF2-AB92B7C6497D Flowers cream or yellow-green; outer sepals elliptic, inner oblate ± 1.8 mm. wide, glabrous or slightly pubescent; petals spathulate, 1 mm. long, the claw ciliate and scale covered with long hairs; disk lobed, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781898-1 wfo-0000526828 morphology 34516A6E-19BE-458F-8AF2-AB92B7C6497D Stamens 2–2.5 mm. long, glabrous; staminodes 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781898-1 wfo-0000526828 morphology 34516A6E-19BE-458F-8AF2-AB92B7C6497D Fruits green, of (1–)2–3 mericarps each subglobose, 5 mm. diameter, glabrous or with sparse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781898-1 wfo-0000526645 morphology 44F6DA05-CCBC-41F0-B1AA-84A4E2CD7739 Shrub 2–4 m. tall, almost glabrous; bark pale grey or brownish grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005255-1 wfo-0000526645 morphology 44F6DA05-CCBC-41F0-B1AA-84A4E2CD7739 Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 3–6.5 cm. long, grooved, slightly pubescent at apex of junction of leaflets; petiolules ± absent, the lamina bases decurrent; leaflets drying bright green, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4–11 cm. long, 1.3–4 cm. wide, narrowly acutely acuminate at the apex, narrowly cuneate at the base, thin, serrate except at base, virtually glabrous; reticulation not raised, lateral nerves in 8–11 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005255-1 wfo-0000526645 morphology 44F6DA05-CCBC-41F0-B1AA-84A4E2CD7739 Inflorescences very slender, up to 16 cm. long, branched, the side branches few, ± 4 cm. long; peduncle up to 8 cm. long; cymule bases 0.5–3 mm. long, slender, 1–2-flowered; pedicels very slender, 2–2.5 mm. long; all axes virtually glabrous or micropuberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005255-1 wfo-0000526645 morphology 44F6DA05-CCBC-41F0-B1AA-84A4E2CD7739 Outer sepals oblate, 1 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, glabrous or with few small marginal hairs; inner sepals round, convex, ± 1 mm. long and wide, petals obovate, 1 mm. long, the scale densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005255-1 wfo-0000526645 morphology 44F6DA05-CCBC-41F0-B1AA-84A4E2CD7739 Filaments 1 mm. long, hairy at base; anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005255-1 wfo-0000526645 morphology 44F6DA05-CCBC-41F0-B1AA-84A4E2CD7739 Fruit not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005255-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Shrub, often straggling or scrambling or a distinct climber, less often a small tree (see note), (0.6–)1.5–4.5(–6) m. tall or long; stems very lenticellate, pubescent when young then glabrescent or ferruginous velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 2–7 cm. long, glabrous to densely pubescent; petiolules 0.2–1.5 cm. long or lateral leaflets often ± sessile; leaflets very discolorous, drying leaden grey above with the venation yellow and pale greenish or often bright brownish beneath, elliptic, oblong, rhombic or narrowly oblanceolate, 4–15.5 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, the laterals mostly very asymmetric, subentire to ± remotely serrate, crenate-serrate or coarsely serrate, glabrous to densely almost velvety ferruginous hairy and with tufts of hairs in axes of lateral nerves beneath; lateral nerves in 8–10 pairs, venation raised and reticulate above (impressed in life fide Milne-Redhead & Taylor) and strongly so beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Inflorescences unbranched or rarely branched, 5–17(–24) cm. long, including peduncle 1–8 cm. long, glabrous or spreading pubescent, the 1–few-flowered cymules usually well spaced; cymule stalk and rhachis 0.5–1 mm. long, pedicels 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Flowers usually ± large for the genus; outer sepals elliptic, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, inner subcircular 1.5–1.8 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, glabrous or slightly pubescent; petals white or greenish yellow, spathulate, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Filaments 1.8 mm. long; staminodes 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Ovary 2-lobed, pubescent; style 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526599 morphology 95FDF120-813C-4E3B-B0D0-C4859BBCFCAE Fruits yellow or red, of 1–2 mericarps, each subglobose or obovoid, 6–6.5 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, minutely pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781720-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Tree or shrub or sometimes a climber or creeper 0.9–9 m. long or tall, monoecious; bark grey, brown or reddish, smooth; slash white; young branchlets pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Leaves trifoliolate; petiole (1–)2–10 cm. long; petiolule of terminal leaflet often well developed, 0.8–1.3(–2) cm. long; leaflets drying bright green, elliptic, ovate-oblong, rhomboid, obovate or oblanceolate, (2.5–) 6–22 cm. long, (0.9–)2.5–11 cm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, attenuate to cuneate at the base, the laterals very asymmetric, regularly toothed or serrate, glabrous, pubescent, ferruginous hairy or velvety, with or without hairy domatia in the axils of nerves beneath; lateral nerves in 5–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Inflorescences (3.5–)7.5–34(–47) cm. long (see note), usually unbranched, often slender and drooping; peduncles 1.5–5 cm. long; cymules 1–6-flowered, the stalks 1.5–5 mm. long, usually well-spaced; pedicels 1.5–3(–5) mm. long, minutely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Flowers green, white, greenish white or yellow; outer sepals elliptic, 1–1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, sparsely puberulous, inner ± round, 1.5–2 mm. diameter; petals spathulate, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Filaments ± 2 mm. long, hairy in basal half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Style ± 1 mm. long, with few hairs; stigma 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526668 morphology 5645111C-C19F-4654-B012-F23654F91FD2 Fruit orange to scarlet, often of 2–3 mericarps, each ellipsoid, obovoid or globose, 5–8 mm. long., 4–6.5 mm. wide, or 7.5 mm. diameter, at first sparsely hairy, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781761-1 wfo-0000526904 morphology E9094FDC-7A37-49A2-85A7-25DC5B8D6BD0 Much-branched shrub or small tree, 1–5 m. tall; branches pale to medium brown with brown lenticels; youngest shoots pubescent, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005257-1 wfo-0000526904 morphology E9094FDC-7A37-49A2-85A7-25DC5B8D6BD0 Leaves drying pale green or ± darker above, trifoliolate; petiole (2–)5–9 cm. long, slender, puberulous or glabrous; petiolule of terminal leaflet 2–7 mm. long, of lateral 0–3 mm. long; leaflets discolorous, drying brown or brownish green above, subequal or laterals 1/2 to 4/5 length of the terminal one, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, (1.5–)5–9 cm. long,(0.9–)2.3–4.2 cm. wide, ± rounded to shortly obtusely acuminate at apex, terminal one cuneate at the base, laterals asymmetrically rounded, entire or crenate or toothed for upper 1/2 or 2/3, ± thin, glabrous or with few hairs on nerves beneath; hairy domatia sometimes present; lateral nerves in ± 7 pairs, rather inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005257-1 wfo-0000526904 morphology E9094FDC-7A37-49A2-85A7-25DC5B8D6BD0 Inflorescences slender, (3–)8–12(–17) cm. long inclusive, unbranched or with 1–2 short branches, the axes quite glabrous, puberulous or in some specimens pubescent; cymules 3–9-flowered, somewhat spaced, subsessile; peduncles (1–)2.5–5.5 cm. long, pedicels 1–1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005257-1 wfo-0000526904 morphology E9094FDC-7A37-49A2-85A7-25DC5B8D6BD0 Flowers white or yellow; sepals ± round, outer 1 mm. diameter, inner 1.2–1.5 mm. diameter; petals spathulate, 1 mm. long, 0.5–0.8 mm. wide, long white-ciliate at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005257-1 wfo-0000526904 morphology E9094FDC-7A37-49A2-85A7-25DC5B8D6BD0 Filaments 1.5 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005257-1 wfo-0000526904 morphology E9094FDC-7A37-49A2-85A7-25DC5B8D6BD0 Fruit red, globose, 5.5 mm. diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005257-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Shrub or small to medium-sized tree 3–7(–12) m. tall, also occasionally described as a creeper; bark grey, smooth or rough; branchlets glabrous to sparsely pubescent or subtomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Leaves trifoliolate, mostly discolorous and drying deep or purplish brown above, grey-green beneath; petiole 0.8–5(–6.5) cm. long; leaflets elliptic, distinctly obovate or ± round, 1–10(–14) cm. long, 0.8–5.5(–8) cm. wide but predominantly small, emarginate to acute (mostly rather obtuse) at the apex, attenuate to cuneate at the base, shallowly crenate to irregularly dentate or serrate, glabrous to densely pubescent or velvety and often with conspicuous hair-tufts in nerve-axils beneath; indumentum usually greyish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Inflorescences usually unbranched, 2–18(–22) cm. long, but occasionally with a few branches 1–3(–12) cm. long; peduncles 1.2–5.5 cm. long; cymules 1–5-flowered, subsessile, usually closely placed, sometimes very dense; pedicels 1–2(–3) mm. long, pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Flowers green or yellowish white; outer sepals broadly elliptic, ± 1 mm. long and wide, inner ± round, 1 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide; petals spathulate, 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Filaments 1–2 mm. long, hairy at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Style 1 mm. long, hairy; stigma 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526853 morphology 450E3457-4CD9-48C4-9F87-81B12518CB57 Fruits orange to bright red, of 1–2 mericarps, each ellipsoid, obovoid or subglobose, 6–8 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, finely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781920-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Shrub or small tree 2.5–7.5 m. tall; branchlets ferruginous pubescent; older ones purplish brown, ridged, lenticellate, ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Leaves trifoliolate; petiole 3–7 cm. long, ferruginous pubescent; leaflets discolorous, drying purplish brown above, elliptic, elliptic-oblong or ± obovate, 3.5–10 cm. long, 1.5–4.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, shallowly crenate with upwardly directed teeth at tips of crenae, thin, ± adpressed pilose above, rather sparsely pilose to ± densely pubescent beneath with adpressed white hairs and tufts in the axils of the nerves and also along the nerves at secondary nerve junctions; lateral nerves in 8–10 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Inflorescences slender, 5–13 cm. long, unbranched, pubescent; peduncles 4–5 cm. long; cymules 2–3-flowered, subsessile; pedicels 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Flowers white, cream or pale green; outer sepals 1.3 mm. long, 1.1 mm. wide, inner oblate, 1.5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, ± glabrous; petals spathulate, 1.2 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, long-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Filaments 1–1.5 mm. long in male flowers, 0.8 mm. long in female. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Ovary hairy; style 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526847 morphology BD78E748-1259-4E53-8C15-367D4A563125 Fruit subglobose or ellipsoid, 5–7 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, with sparse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781917-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Slender several-stemmed erect scrambling or ± scandent shrub or small tree, 1.5–6 m. tall, monoecious ( fide Hauman); bark grey-brown or purplish black, smooth, conspicuously lenticellate; branchlets ferruginous-velvety-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Leaves 1-foliolate or 3-foliolate with lateral leaflets very­ much reduced; petiole 2–4(–7) mm. long, ferruginous-tomentose; petiolules up to 2 mm. long; terminal leaflet elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 5–17.5 cm. long, 3–10.5 cm. wide, acute, subacuminate or obtuse at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, serrulate or crenulate-serrulate, velvety-tomentose on both surfaces or eventually pilose or pubescent above; lateral nerves in 8–12 pairs; lateral leaflets ± rounded, 1–3 cm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Inflorescences slender, unbranched, 6–20 cm. long, including 2–6 cm. long peduncle; flowers several in subsessile glomerules; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Sepals yellow-green; outer ± round, 1.1 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, pubescent; inner 1 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Petals white, spathulate, 1.2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Filaments 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Ovary 1.5 mm. long hairy; styles greenish white, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526625 morphology 2EB3F29D-8DA2-4668-8318-2738D2E8FF41 Fruits green becoming orange then bright orange-vermilion, of 1–2 mericarps, each globose, 7 mm. diameter, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781731-1 wfo-0000526928 morphology 1099F37A-4A27-476B-AF1F-259A5BC2DB19 Small tree 3.6–4 mm. tall with young stems, leaves, petioles, inflorescences, fruits, etc. very densely covered with soft but ± bristle-like hairs up to 3 mm. long, spreading on the stems etc., but ± adpressed on the leaves; older stems grey or purplish brown, densely lenticellate, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005259-1 wfo-0000526928 morphology 1099F37A-4A27-476B-AF1F-259A5BC2DB19 Leaves discolorous, ± thin, 3-foliolate but with lateral leaflets very much smaller than terminal one or virtually absent; petiole 4–6 cm. long; terminal petiolule 0.4–1.1 cm. long, lateral petiolules 0–1 mm. long; terminal leaflet elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 20–30 cm. long, 9–15 cm. wide, tapering to a narrow acute apex, cuneate at the base, irregularly serrate or crenate-serrate; lateral nerves in 9–15 pairs; lateral leaflets 1.5–4 cm. long, 0.5–2 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005259-1 wfo-0000526928 morphology 1099F37A-4A27-476B-AF1F-259A5BC2DB19 Inflorescences unbranched, ± 6 cm. long, with closely placed 5–10-flowered sessile cymules, their persistent rhachises ± 1 mm. long, prominently scarred; peduncles up to ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005259-1 wfo-0000526928 morphology 1099F37A-4A27-476B-AF1F-259A5BC2DB19 Sepals up to 2 mm. long and wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005259-1 wfo-0000526928 morphology 1099F37A-4A27-476B-AF1F-259A5BC2DB19 Style 1 mm. long, hairy; stigma-branches 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005259-1 wfo-0000526928 morphology 1099F37A-4A27-476B-AF1F-259A5BC2DB19 Fruits subglobose, 8 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, spreading hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005259-1 wfo-0000526691 morphology 0B6F8666-80D7-4D76-A13B-A2B53E68182C Much-branched tree to 9 m. tall; branchlets pale grey-brown, ± pubescent near nodes, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005260-1 wfo-0000526691 morphology 0B6F8666-80D7-4D76-A13B-A2B53E68182C Leaves unifoliolate, thin, drying brown, darker above, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 6.5–12.5 cm. long, 2.5–5.7 cm. wide, narrowly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, undulate or almost entire, glabrous; main lateral nerves ± 6; petiole 0.9–1.5 cm. long; petiolule ± thickened and channelled, 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005260-1 wfo-0000526691 morphology 0B6F8666-80D7-4D76-A13B-A2B53E68182C Inflorescences unbranched, 4–7 cm. long, including the 2–2.5 cm. long peduncle; cymules 3–?-flowered with stalks 2–4 mm. long; pedicels 1.5 mm. long; all partsfinely adpressed puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005260-1 wfo-0000526691 morphology 0B6F8666-80D7-4D76-A13B-A2B53E68182C Flowers greenish white; outer sepals ± round, 1.2 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, inner similar but wider, all minutely adpressed puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005260-1 wfo-0000526691 morphology 0B6F8666-80D7-4D76-A13B-A2B53E68182C Fruits (see note) ellipsoid, 9.5 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, basally slightly ribbed in dry state, glabrous save for very sparse short adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005260-1 wfo-0000526691 morphology 0B6F8666-80D7-4D76-A13B-A2B53E68182C Seeds chestnut, ± ovoid, 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1005260-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Tree 5–12 m. tall with rough bark; young branchlets dark with pale lenticels, puberulous but soon glabrous; wood yellowish, hard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Leaves unifoliolate, ± thin, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 3.8–14(–18) cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, rounded or obtuse to mostly acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, remotely serrate or crenate-serrate, glabrous except for the conspicuous tufts of hair in the main nerve-axils beneath and often in secondary axils also, not shiny above; lateral nerves in 8–9 pairs, the venation not or scarcely raised above; petiole 1.5–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Inflorescences 6–12 cm. long, simple or with two or more branches; rhachis puberulous; cymules sessile but pedicels 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Flowers yellow-green or pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Sepals rounded, outer ovate, 1 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, inner 1.5 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Petals spathulate, 1 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Filaments pubescent at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Ovary 1 mm. diameter, pubescent; style and stigma together ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526775 morphology BFFE8190-0827-4BBC-A8BA-5E0B981BCBD5 Fruit subglobose, 5.5 mm. diameter, finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781855-1 wfo-0000526819 morphology 5B566077-F249-49BC-A4F6-E0488BDBB8E6 Almost invariably a small or medium-sized shrub, but occasionally a small tree or even described as a climber ( Bally 4691) or prostrate shrub ( Adams 74), usually 0.9–4(–5) m. tall (but 6–9 m. in Seychelles); bark pale, smooth or rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781890-1 wfo-0000526819 morphology 5B566077-F249-49BC-A4F6-E0488BDBB8E6 Leaves drying discolorous, often bright brown beneath, sometimes somewhat shiny, unifoliolate or trifoliolate with lateral leaflets very much reduced; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm. long; terminal leaflet elliptic or oblong to obovate or obovate-oblanceolate, 3.7–17(–20) cm. long, 1.5–9.6 cm. wide, ± obtuse to acute or acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, almost entire to repand-dentate, the nerves ending in hydathodes, or ± coarsely undulate-lobed, rarely distinctly serrate, glabrous save for hairy domatia beneath on some leaves; lateral nerves in 5–7 pairs, often much paler both above and beneath, yellowish, together with the closely reticulate venation, prominent on both surfaces when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781890-1 wfo-0000526819 morphology 5B566077-F249-49BC-A4F6-E0488BDBB8E6 Inflorescences unbranched, 2–12.5 cm. long, including peduncle 1–4 cm. long (see note); cymules closely placed, 2–7-flowered, the stalks 0–1.2 mm. long; axes glabrous or puberulous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781890-1 wfo-0000526819 morphology 5B566077-F249-49BC-A4F6-E0488BDBB8E6 Flowers greenish, white or cream; sepals green, the outer ± round, 1.2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; inner ± oblate, 1–1.5 mm. long, 1.2–2 mm. wide, finely adpressed-pubescent or glabrous; petals spathulate, 1.5 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, mostly densely white hairy or ciliate to ± glabrous; disk glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781890-1 wfo-0000526819 morphology 5B566077-F249-49BC-A4F6-E0488BDBB8E6 Filaments, ovary and style densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781890-1 wfo-0000526819 morphology 5B566077-F249-49BC-A4F6-E0488BDBB8E6 Fruits bright red, globose or ± obovoid, 7–9 mm. long, 6–7 mm. wide, finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781890-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Herbaceous or slightly woody climber, 0.9–8 m. long; stems deeply ridged, with short curled pubescence or with long spreading brown or golden brown hairs 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Leaves biternate or less often ternate, up to 18 cm. long, with deeply 3-lobed leaflets; petiole up to 6 cm. long, grooved, glabrous or pubescent; first order petiolules 1–3 cm. long, the central one longer or shorter than the laterals, those of ultimate leaflets 0–1 cm. long; leaflets ovate-rhombic, 1.5–9 cm. long, 1.2–4.3 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, tapering at the base, coarsely crenate, ± glabrous or with tufts of hairs in the nerve axils beneath (can be velvety in South America); lateral nerves 5–12, weak. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Inflorescences spreading horizontally, paniculate, with a pair of tendrils at the apex of the peduncle; peduncle 5–10 cm. long; axis 5–10 cm. long; pedicels sometimes orange, 1–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Flowers sweetly scented, 6–11 mm. long; sepals 4, greenish white sometimes crimson flushed outside, unequal, the shorter 3–3.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, the longer petaloid, 6–7 mm. long, 5 mm. wide; petals white, ovate, 8–9 mm. long, scale orange-yellow, contiguous in the centre of the flower to form a cup or corona enclosing the stamens or ovary; disk extrastaminal, formed of 2 adjacent club-shaped parts 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Stamens white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Stigma linear, 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Fruits green, ellipsoid, 4.5–7 cm. long, 2–3 cm. wide, membranous, inflated, strongly venose; septa 3, white or pale brown, papery, 5 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, remaining after dehiscence and each bearing a seed, forming a wind sailing wing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Seed black, globose, 7 mm. diameter, glabrous, with a white rounded-ovate hilum 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-0000587874 morphology B0AA0D0B-4B91-4CE9-8F36-5A65C7C8291B Fig. 25/5–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782205-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Flowers 5-merous, fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Sepals imbricate, ciliate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Corolla tube shortly pubescent outside, inside with tufts of stiff hairs, alternating with the stamens, at the mouth with 5 alternipetalous corona scales; lobes overlapping to the right, entire, recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Stamens included, connivent into a cone; filaments short; anthers partly fertile, below the fertile part inside a nearly oblong patch, the retinacle, with minute hairs along the margin adhering to the pistil head urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Ovary semi-inferior; carpels two, connate at the extreme base, densely pubescent; disk present, adnate to the ovary at the extreme base, composed of a ring and five lobes; pistil head of a slightly 5-winged upper and a cylindrical lower portion to which the 5 retinacles adhere and a bifid stigmoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Fruits pendulous, of two follicles connate at the extreme base, dehiscent along an adaxialline; exocarp woody; endocarp stiff, thinly pergamentaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000026838 morphology D2909B1F-EFCF-4DDF-B34F-B2AEAD7E5A52 Seeds attached to the adaxial side of the fruit, with an apical coma directed towards the apex of the fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2469-1 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Perennial herbs, caespitose or solitary from a thick simple or branched rhizome, rarely with a stem urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Leaves rosulate or rarely distichous, linear, tapering gradually to the apex, usually keeled beneath and channeled above; margin smooth to serrulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Inflorescence a dense or lax subspicate raceme on a stout erect simple (rarely abnormally branched) terminal peduncle; bracts scarious, persistent; pedicels usually shorter than the bracts or almost absent, articulated at the apex; flowers spreading or pendulous, white, yellow, brownish or various shades of red, often redder towards the apex of the inflorescence so giving a bicolourous appearance tothe whole urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Perianth-tube campanulate to cylindrical; lobes 6, short, subequal urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Stamens 6, usually as long as or longer than the perianth, the 3 opposite the inner segments longer than the others urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Ovary sessile, ovoid, with many ovules per locule; style subequal to the stamens and usually exserted; stigma minute, capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Capsule subglobose to triquetrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000020094 morphology ABC711FD-D64F-47B2-9121-B9D275BD3530 Seeds somewhat flattened, acutely 3-angled or winged; endosperm fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331220-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Succulent glabrous perennials, rhizomatous and caespitose, much-branched suffrutices or solitary geophytes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Leaves in a basal rosette or distichous or cauline and alternate, fleshy and often terete or angled, with a tubular basal sheath, the outer leaves reduced, membranous and sheathing urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Inflorescence a many-flowered raceme on a naked peduncle usually longer than the leaves; bracts membranous; pedicels usually long, not articulated; flowers yellow or rarely white, orange or pink urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Perianth of 6 free tepals, spreading or reflexed, all 1-nerved, oblong urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Stamens 6; filaments densely hairy in upper half urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Ovary globose, with 2–4 ovules per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Capsule globose, occasionally inflated urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000005720 morphology FBF5F3AF-5ACB-4B97-8578-6B3E3EC231CE Seeds angled, smooth or tuberculate, ovate, flattened and winged, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331159-2 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Perennial herbs without a stem; rhizome short urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Leaves in a basal rosette, terete or flattened, the outer leaves reduced and scale-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Inflorescence a compact many-flowered raceme on a naked peduncle, shorter than the leaves; bracts membranous; pedicels shorter or longer than the bracts, not articulated; flowers white urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Perianth of 6 free spreading tepals, the inner 1-nerved, the outer 3–5-nerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Stamens 6, shorter than the tepals; filaments densely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Ovary obovoid, with 2–4 ovules per locule urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Capsule obovoid to ellipsoid, inflated or not urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000019581 morphology FDBF01ED-A4B1-4AAB-B4F5-564B4BD5BA42 Seeds black. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24397-1 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Suffrutescent or herbaceous perennials, rhizomatous, sometimes developing an upright stem covered with old leaf-bases; roots fibrous or spindle-shaped, sometimes forming a small tuber urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Leaves in a rosette or rarely distichous, or cauline and alternate, terete, triquetrous, canaliculate or flat, with a tubular basal sheath, outer leaves often reduced, membranous and sheathing urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Inflorescence an axillary raceme or panicle; pedicels not articulated, one in each bract; flowers white or rarely yellow, pink or mauve, with dark keels on the tepals and often 2-spotted at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Perianth of 6 free tepals, spreading or reflexed, the 3 outer slightly narrower than the inner urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Stamens 6, slightly shorter than the tepals, sometimes declinate; filaments retrorsely scabrid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Ovary sessile, globose, with 2–16 ovules per locule; style filiform, often declinate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Capsule globose to ellipsoid, sometimes tuberculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000038697 morphology BE222B24-98B8-4D0D-90FF-E9A770BC9E6F Seeds angled, brown or grey, smooth or verrucose, with scattered glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331297-2 wfo-4000018506 morphology 72CCCAAC-AD29-4042-A295-5138EAA5377E Leafless, chlorophyll-less, root parasites; plant body subterranean, large, warty, rhizome-like structure with many branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30159275-2 wfo-4000018506 morphology 72CCCAAC-AD29-4042-A295-5138EAA5377E Flowers arising directly from the plant body, partly subterranean urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30159275-2 wfo-4000018506 morphology 72CCCAAC-AD29-4042-A295-5138EAA5377E Anthers sessile, forming a lobed ring on the hypanthium, with elongate, bisporangiate pollen sacs with longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30159275-2 wfo-4000018506 morphology 72CCCAAC-AD29-4042-A295-5138EAA5377E Stigma mostly 3–5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30159275-2 wfo-4000018506 morphology 72CCCAAC-AD29-4042-A295-5138EAA5377E Fruit a subterranean fleshy berry with a woody pericarp; seeds many. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30159275-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Perennial herbs smelling strongly of onions, with a ± swollen and irregularly shaped rhizome (rarely a corm or bulb) surrounded by dry sheathing leaf-bases urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Leaves 4–8, strap-shaped filiform, distichous, base forming a very short closed sheath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Scape solitary (–2), erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Inflorescence umbellate, subtended by 2 spathaceous bracts; pedicels subtended by smaller membranous bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Flowers 3–40, opening in succession, with the outer opening first urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Perianth segments united into a tube for about half their length; tube with a corona of 3 or more free fleshy scales or a fleshy tube (in all East African species) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Anthers sessile in 2 whorls, 1 whorl usually inserted on the corona urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Style short; stigma capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Fruit surrounded by remains of perianth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000039556 morphology 034C848C-1493-4369-A4F7-15C03AED604E Seeds black, flat. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Bulbous herbs, resembling garlic but without its smell; bulbs producing many bulbils urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Leaves linear, soft, flat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Flowers in umbels on long stems overtopping leaves; 2 small bracts below umbel, distinctly overlapping at base; flowers 10–25 per umbel urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Perianth united only at base; lobes white to greenish white urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Stamens shorter than tepals, filaments linear-lanceolate, adjoining in lower half urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Ovary obovoid with many ovules urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Fruit papery urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000026298 morphology A2D78BF6-B3C2-4A32-B037-DEDCF280E17E Seeds shiny, angled. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330286-2 wfo-4000003927 morphology AFCA9F68-8758-422B-B42F-19E70D2CA15E Description as for the family. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331380-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 Description as for the family urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 The leaf shape and arrangement vary considerably with the habitat of the plant urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 Submerged plants often have lanceolate or linear leaves and long internodes, while in plants where the shoots reach the surface the internodes tend to be shorter and have rosettes of elliptic or spathulate leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 Terrestrial plants tend to have ovate or suborbicular leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 The adaptation of the genus to aquatic life has resulted in the reduction of several morphological features, so that only a few reliable characters remain which can be used for identification urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 The most useful character for identification is that of ripe fruits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 Other taxonomically useful characters, albeit unsuitable for use in species’ keys, are the morphology of pollen and the number of chromosomes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 In pollen, the exine surface shows the Croton pattern, which is a reticulate pattern with processes (clavae) at the intersections of the walls (muri) (Erdtman, G., 1952, Pollen morphology and plant taxonomy: Angiosperms, p. 173) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 This pattern is present in all tropical African species urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 Chromosome counts from European material shows the somatic numbers between 6 and 40 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 The four tropical African species fall well within the range of variation urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000006114 morphology D1BF8206-DD68-433B-BFDB-4F4DD4C43B12 All tropical African material was earlier classified as C. stagnalis Scop., but recent taxonomic work has shown that several species can be recognized based on morphological, pollen and chromosomal differences. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006057-2 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Plants relatively small, with a tunicated, bulb-like corm urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Stem erect, almost absent, simple; lowermost leaf a membranous, sheathing, tubular cataphyll, not protracted into a leaf-blade, followed by a few leaves, which are basally sheathing urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Leaves narrowly elliptic to linear urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Inflorescence a bracteate umbel; pedicel short, erect urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Flowers small and inconspicuous, overtopped by large petal-like bracts; perianth segments free, with narrow connivent claws and spreading narrow blades, concave and nectariferous at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Stamens inserted at the base of the perianth segments; filaments filiform, thickened towards the base; anthers narrowly oblong, dorsifixed, slightly versatile, dehiscing latrorsely to introrsely by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Ovary ellipsoid-ovoid; styles 3, erect, free, filiform, stigmatose at the apex, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000001993 morphology E95E7987-FC8E-405C-9E5F-C2A1A812F2BE Capsule ellipsoid, septicidal, coriaceous; seeds subglobose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23981-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Plants erect or scandent, simple or branching, with a stoloniferous corm urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Leaves alternate, opposite, or verticillate and clustered, sometimes falcate or ending in a tendril urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Flowers large and showy, solitary in leaf axils (sometimes corymbose); pedicel erect, recurved apically urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Perianth segments free, (strongly) reflexed, clawed at the base, sometimes falcate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Stamens free; filaments filiform or sometimes flattened; anthers narrowly linear-oblong, dorsifixed, versatile, dehiscing latrorsely to extrorsely by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Ovary (narrowly) elliptic-oblong to oblong; style entire in the lower part, trifid towards the apex with 3 subulate forks obliquely stigmatose at the apex, bent at right angles at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000015781 morphology C57BABA3-E36B-4DE5-8975-A7E7119BB282 Capsule oblong, loculicidal, coriaceous; seeds globose, fleshy, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24299-1 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Plants small, with a tunicated, bulb-like corm; stem erect, sometimes flexuous, simple, lowermost leaf or leaves a membranous, sheathing, tubular cataphyll, not protracted into a leaf-blade urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Leaves spirally arranged, linear, sessile, basally sheathing the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Flowers solitary, axillary in the upper leaves or in a bracteate raceme; bracts linear; pedicel erect or recurved, sometimes elongating in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Flowers small and inconspicuous, perianth segments free, linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate, spreading urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Stamens free; filaments filiform, often thickened; anthers oblong, basifixed, versatile, dehiscing extrorsely by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Ovary oblong; styles 3, free, short, strongly recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000019149 morphology 59EF89D6-128E-4E28-A3A0-1F95C50566EC Capsule oblong to oblong-ovoid, loculicidal, papyraceous; seeds subglobose, papillate, with a distinct raphe. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331217-2 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Plants with a stoloniferous corm; stem erect, simple, leafy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Lowermost leaf or leaves a membranous, sheathing, tubular cataphyll, not protracted into a leaf-blade urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Leaves ± distichously arranged, the base sheathing the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Flowers solitary, born in the axils of many leaves, bright-colored; pedicel recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Perianth campanulate, perianth segments forming a small tube, otherwise free, segments nectariferous and obscurely pouch-shaped at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Stamens inserted at the base of the perianth segments; filaments filiform; anthers narrowly linear-oblong, dorsifixed, versatile, dehiscing extrorsely by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Ovary globose; style erect, entire in lower part, 3-forked above, stigmas minute, capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000022010 morphology 7ED49825-617D-4151-8F49-A0CCCF495BAB Capsule elliptic-oblong, septicidal, coreacious; seeds globose. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24463-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Plants relatively small, with a tunicated, bulb-like corm; stem erect, lowermost leaf a membranous, sheathing, tubular cataphyll, not protracted into a leaf-blade, followed by a solitary basal leaf and 1–3 cauline leaves, which are basally sheathing the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Leaves linear or linear-filiform, semi-terete, somewhat flattened with a concave or channeled adaxial side, or flattened urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Inflorescence a spike, 1-many flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Flowers stellate to campanulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Perianth segments basally united in a short to long tube, spreading; nectary a variously shaped, swollen organ in the lower half of the perianth segments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth tube; filaments filiform; anthers oblong or oblong-ellipsoid, minute, dorsifixed, versatile, dehiscing extrorsely by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Ovary ellipsoid, oblong to ovoid, sometimes triangular; styles 3, erect, free, short, subulate to falcate; stigma minute, persistent in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000040849 morphology 62814B2E-EFE9-4AD8-8F62-37FCB9086B93 Capsule oblong, elliptic-oblong, ovoid or obovoid, sometimes slightly triquetrous, septicidal, coriaceous; seeds subglobose, occasionally compressed or slightly angular, with an appendage or minute beak on one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24908-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Plants relatively small with a tunicated, bulb-like corm urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Stem erect, leafy, of variable length, simple or branched, terminated by a bracteate, racemose inflorescence urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Lowermost leaf a membranous, sheathing, tubular cataphyll, not protracted into a leaf-blade urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Leaves linear, erecto-patent, canaliculate, the base sheathing the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Inflorescence a raceme; bracts linear-lanceolate, simple, upwards successively smaller; pedicel patent, recurved apically urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Flowers often in dull shades and often two-colored, sometimes almost black; perianth segments free, persistent, patent or reflexed with a basal tubular or flattened claw; nectary a channel-, pouch-, or pocket-like structure in the claw or in the junction between claw and perianth segment urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Stamens distinct, inserted at the base of the perianth segments, filaments curved, filiform or swollen about or below the middle, anthers dorsifixed, versatile, linear-oblong, dehiscing extrorsely by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Ovary globose or ovoid-oblong, styles 3, free, filiform, curved or spreading, with a small capitate or oblong stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000027192 morphology 0E9EA8A8-6DA4-4DFB-B610-085A7E8F96A6 Capsule pyriform-globose, loculicidal, coriaceous; seeds many, globose or subglobose, with a distinct raphe. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:24596-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Perennial giant-rosette plants to 10 m tall with woody trunks; typically upright and polycarpic, with branching initiated below each terminal inflorescence, sometimes monocarpic or creeping; primary stem 2–12 cm wide, comprised mainly of pith, which provides internal water capacitance; secondary growth produces abundant white wood and a grey, furrowed bark urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Seedlings and young plants with leaves commonly constricted toward the base, forming a pseudo-petiole, particularly when growing in partial shade urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Developing leaves of mature plants revolutely folded, the upper lamina glabrescent; commonly bathed in mucilage, an ice-nucleating pectinaceous material that in some species is secreted among the leaf bases and may collect in the leaf-rosette urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Leaves alternate (although appearing whorled in densely packed leaf-rosettes), to 120 cm long and 35 cm wide, simple, in rosettes of 10–100, with developing leaves often reaching almost mature length in a massive ‘apical bud’ before unfurling to join the leaf-rosette; leaf base wide, sheathing, often with a dense cushion of white trichomes on the upper surface; leaf margin occasionally entire, but usually serrate or dentate, tipped with hydathodes; indumentum of lower lamina comprising multicellular, uniseriate trichomes, variable among species, but generally villose along the lower midvein urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Inflorescence to 2.5 m tall, erect, pyramidal-paniculate or cylindrical, densely pubescent to glabrescent; bracteate, with a range of transitional shapes from the mature vegetative leaves subtending the peduncle to the small bracts subtending each capitulum; capitula numerous, with biseriate involucral bracts; outer bracts 5–23, filiform, 5–18 mm long; inner bracts 10–25, narrow to broadly ovate, 11–16 x 2–6 mm, with apical papillae; receptacle nude urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Ray florets absent or 6–20, yellow, female, with staminodes sometimes present, ray 2–23 x 2–5 mm; tube 4–8 mm long urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Disc florets 30–380, yellow, hermaphrodite, 8–10 mm long; style with a continuous stigmatic surface; anthers non-auriculate, filament collars balusteriform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-4000011112 morphology 27E5D8AC-DF13-4586-95F5-6602B2A7849B Achenes glabrous, 8–10-ribbed; pappus of many bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8561-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Ovary ellipsoid, 0.5–0.8 mm. long; style 0.5–1 mm. long, folded in bud. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Capsule ellipsoid, 2 mm. long, 2-valved, at length hidden by bases of leaves adpressed to the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Seeds brown to black, ellipsoid, 0.75–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404293 morphology FF10E4F7-4153-4066-89E6-510DC76496AC Fig. 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554195-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Small gregarious herb with unbranched unwinged stems to 7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Leaves decussate, oblong-rhombic, up to 3 mm. long, scarcely 1.5 mm. wide, obtuse at apex, abruptly contracted at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Flowers sessile, 4-merous, solitary in the axils along almost the whole length of the stem; bracteoles filiform, almost equalling the calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Calyx scarcely 1 mm. long, without appendages; lobes 4, without nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Petals absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Stamens 4, inserted at middle of calyx-tube and eventually equalling the lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Style about 1/3 as long as the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000404244 morphology 482E36E6-34F6-46D2-AB42-2ACDC83ED8D7 Capsule globose, ellipsoid, smooth, bivalved, ± exserted beyond the calyx-lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:554235-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Plant 1–5 m. tall in flower, erect, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Rosette-leaves of non-flowering plant subsessile, lanceolate, up to 30–50 cm. long and 9 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, narrowing below into a petiole-like base; margin finely serrate; venation protruding beneath with arched lateral veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Inflorescence branched, with usually many axillary lax-flowered racemes on leafy peduncles; pedicels 15–30 mm. long, spreading; upper bracts linear to lanceolate and 3–4 cm. long, lower bracts lanceolate and up to 9–14 cm. long; bracteoles inserted near the middle or on the lower half of the pedicel, linear, 1–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Hypanthium oblong-obovoid, 10-nerved, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Calyx-lobes linear, 14–22 mm. long, glabrous, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Corolla 20–30 mm. long, pink to lilac-blue, split to the base on the back, ± papillose-pubescent outside and pubescent on the inside of the tube; two lateral petals linear, united with middle petals below; three middle petals first united but soon splitting up at the apex into 3 ± 6 mm. long lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Filaments connate almost to the base and forming a firm tube, papillose towards the base, free from corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Anther-tube ± 5 mm. long, glabrous on the back, the 2 lower anthers barbate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Ovary inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Capsules pendulous, oblong or subglobose, 15–25 mm. long, without distinct valves at the apex, indehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815339 morphology A7D32499-7855-4401-91B4-3A631B6BA79E Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, not winged, ± 0.7 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143508-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Plant 2–6 m. tall in flower, ± erect, suckering from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Stem 4–8 cm. thick at base, terete, hollow, pubescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Rosette-leaves of non-flowering plant sessile, ± narrowly oblanceolate, up to 50 cm. long and 10 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, attenuate at the base, weakly pubescent on both sides, more densely pubescent on veins beneath; margin serrate to doubly serrate or denticulate; venation protruding beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Inflorescence up to 3–4 m. long, lax, branched with a terminal many-flowered raceme and usually many axillary racemes on leafy peduncles below; pedicels 8–25 mm. long, spreading, pubescent; upper bracts linear to lanceolate and 10–20 mm. long, lower bracts ovate and up to 30–40 mm. long; bracteoles usually in upper part of the pedicel, linear, 1.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Hypanthium obovoid, 10-nerved, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 10–16 mm. long, weakly pubescent on both sides, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Corolla 25–35 mm. long, mauve or pinkish purple, split to the base on the back, papillose-pubescent outside and pubescent inside on the bottom of the tube; two lateral petals linear, united with middle petals below; three middle petals splitting up at the apex into 3 ± 6 mm. long lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Filaments connate almost to the base and forming a firm tube, papillose mainly towards the base, free from corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Anther-tube 6–7 mm. long; all anthers glabrous at the apex, but sparsely pilose on the back. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Capsule obovoid to subspherical, 10–15 mm. long, 10-nerved, weakly pubescent or glabrescent with 2 short valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000815688 morphology D76BC988-0366-4993-9C92-383003DDF40C Seeds ± broadly elliptic-oblong in outline, compressed, narrowly winged along one margin, 0.6–0.7 mm. long, finely striate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143891-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Plant up to 6(–8) m. tall, erect, not suckering from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Stem 4–10 cm. thick and woody at the base, terete, hollow, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Leaves dark green, tough, very narrowly oblanceolate, up to 40 cm. long and 5.5 cm. wide, acute at the apex, narrowing below into a petiole-like base, glabrous; margin ± revolute, coarsely dentate or doubly dentate with teeth up to 5 mm. long and 10 mm. wide, venation protruding beneath, the lateral veins almost perpendicular to the midvein and weakly arcuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Inflorescence ± 2 m. long, branched with a terminal densely many-flowered raceme supplemented by about a dozen rather densely crowded axillary racemes on leafy peduncles; pedicels 5–8 mm. long, spreading-papillose, ebracteolate; bracts oblanceolate, ± 30 mm. long, papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Hypanthium obovoid, indistinctly 10-nerved, papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Calyx-lobes linear, ± 25 mm. long, entire, papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Corolla 40–45 mm. long, purplish red, curved downwards, split to the base on the back, papillose on the outside and inside; two lateral petals linear, united with middle petals for more than half their length; three middle petals very narrowly elliptic, first united but soon splitting up at the apex into 3 ± 15–20 mm. long lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Filaments purplish red, connate and forming a firm tube, densely papillose-pubescent except on the uppermost part, free from corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Anther-tube ± 7 mm. long; all anthers weakly pilose on the back, the 2 lower ones also apically barbate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Ovary subinferior; style shortly 2-lobed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Capsule and seeds not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814920 morphology 273746DD-1838-4ECB-BDD4-39BE3F87465C Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143807-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Plant 2–9 m. tall in flower, suckering from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Stem erect, 6–12 cm. thick and woody at the base, terete, hollow, ± pubescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Rosette-leaves of non-flowering plant sessile, narrowly oblanceolate to oblong-ovate, 25–90 cm. long, 4–19 cm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, attenuate at the base, pubescent beneath especially on the veins or glabrous, weakly pubescent or glabrous above; margin doubly serrate, dentate or denticulate; venation protruding beneath with main lateral nerves in ± 30–40 pairs arising at an angle of 60–90° to the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Inflorescence 1–3 m. long, dense, cylindrical, unbranched; pedicels 4–8 mm. long, pubescent, with 2 minute linear bracteoles; bracts linear to narrowly lanceolate, 25–75 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Hypanthium obovoid, ± truncate at the base, 10-nerved, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular to linear, 10–28 mm. long, entire, ± pubescent especially on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Corolla 25–35 mm. long, greenish or greenish white, often tinged with blue or purple, split to the base on the back, pubescent on the outside at least at the apex, glabrous inside; two lateral petals linear, ± united with middle petals below; three middle petals united to form a lip with linear lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Filaments connate for most of their length, ± densely papillose at the margins, free from corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Anther-tube (6–)9–15 mm. long; 2 lower anthers apically barbate, otherwise glabrous, or occasionally pubescent on connectives. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Capsule 10–15 mm. long, 10-nerved, pubescent, crowned by the hardening calyx-lobes and with 2 short valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814451 morphology D2F6E15B-B88D-471D-9AC8-F64A30EA50C2 Seeds elliptic-oblong in outline, compressed, narrowly winged, ± 0.8 mm. long, finely striate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143304-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Plant 2–7 m. tall in flower, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Stem unbranched, hollow, woody below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Rosette-leaves marcescent, sessile, linear-lanceolate, 20–50 cm. long, 2.5–5.5 cm. wide, acute at the apex, ciliate at least towards the base, otherwise glabrous or, when young, shaggy pilose at the base on both sides; margin entire or subentire; venation protruding beneath with spreading lateral veins and reticulate tertiary venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Inflorescence unbranched, dense, up to 2 m. long; bracts, calyx and pedicels densely shaggy with long white or yellowish hairs; pedicels 4–7 mm. long; bracts drooping, linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate at the apex, 6–10 cm. long; bracteoles inserted at the base of the pedicel, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Hypanthium obconical, 10-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Calyx-lobes linear, 15–23 mm. long, acuminate at the apex, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Corolla 30–45 mm. long, blue, split to the base on the back, ± pubescent on outside and inside; lobes linear, the lateral ones somewhat more deeply split than the middle ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Filaments connate for most of their length and forming a firm tube, ± puberulous, free from the corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Anther-tube 9–12 mm. long, glabrous on the back; 2 lower anthers barbate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Capsule subglobose, 12–15 mm. long, with 2 valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000814667 morphology 93DAEFD5-3DFC-49CE-8C26-FEFF1C94706D Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, ± 1 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144035-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Plant 1–3.5 m. tall in flower, suckering from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Stem ± erect, to 8 cm. thick at base, terete, hollow above, glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Leaves sessile, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 15–40 cm. long, 2–4(–6) cm. wide, acute to rounded and mucronate at the apex, rounded to auriculate at the base, glabrous or puberulous and often shining above, ± puberulous beneath; margin entire or subentire; venation protruding beneath with numerous lateral nerves arising at an angle of ± 45° to the midrib distal to the phyllodic leaf-base with ± parallel venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Inflorescence up to 1 m. long, dense, cylindrical, unbranched; pedicels 5–6(–8) mm. long, pubescent, with 2 minute bracteoles near the middle; bracts narrowly oblong to linear, (30–)40–60 mm. long, 3–8 mm. wide, acute or rounded and mucronate at the apex, ± pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Hypanthium obovoid, truncate at the base, 10-nerved, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 8–15(–20) mm. long, entire, pubescent on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Corolla 30–35 mm. long, greenish, lilac or pale blue, split to the base on the back, pubescent outside; two lateral petals linear, ± united with middle petals below; three middle petals united to form a lip with linear lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Filaments connate for most of their length, ± papillose towards the base, free from corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Anther-tube 9–11 mm. long; 2 lower anthers apically barbate, otherwise glabrous or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Capsule subspherical, 7–10 mm. long, 10-nerved, pubescent, with 2 valves 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000815047 morphology 432919F3-07F4-4913-8C3F-9A3C21BBE73A Seeds elliptic-oblong in outline, compressed, winged on one side, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, finely striate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143552-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Plant 0.8–5 m. high in flower, suckering from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Stem unbranched, hollow, with erect inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 16–34 cm. long, 2–8.5 cm. wide, rounded to acute at the apex, ± densely pubescent on both surfaces especially towards base above, rarely glabrous; margin entire; venation with numerous main lateral nerves arising at an angle of ± 30° to the midrib distal to the phyllodic leaf-base with ± parallel venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Inflorescence 0.5–3 m. tall, dense, cylindrical; pedicels 7–12 mm. long, glabrous, with 2 bracteoles inserted near the middle; bracts exceeding the flowers, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 65–110 mm. long, acute to acuminate at the apex, ciliate towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Hypanthium obovoid to hemispherical, truncate at the base, 10-nerved, usually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 7–16(–28) mm. long, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Corolla (24–)30–50 mm. long, blue to blue-violet, split to the base on the back; petals united or splitting into lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Filaments connate for most of their length, free from corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Anther-tube 7–11 mm. long; 2 lower anthers apically barbate, otherwise glabrous or pubescent on the back. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Capsule subspherical, 14–20 mm. long, 10-nerved, with 2 valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000814507 morphology 7F06A440-472B-4AF4-B20A-76E897B7E236 Seeds elliptic-reniform in outline, compressed, winged on one side, 1.5–2 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143159-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Annual or sometimes perennial, decumbent to erect herb, 5–70 cm. long or tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Stem terete to ± triangular or ribbed, glabrous to pubescent at least below with rather rigid to very fine and soft hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Leaves up to 15–75(–100) mm. long, (1–)4–20 mm. wide, sparsely serrulate to dentate, crenate or almost pinnatifid, the upper linear to narrowly elliptic, the lower sometimes ± rosulate, oblanceolate to spathulate, acute to obtuse at the apex, narrowing below into a petiole-like base or an up to 15 mm. long petiole, glabrous to pubescent on both surfaces, or ciliate at the leaf-bases only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Flowers in lax racemes; pedicels up to 5–45 mm. long, glabrous or occasionally pubescent; bracts similar to upper stem leaves, much shorter than to equalling the pedicels; bracteoles ± 0.4–1.2 mm. long, linear, at or near the base of the pedicel, occasionally absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Hypanthium narrowly obconical to obovoid, 8–10-nerved, glabrous or occasionally pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:39999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular to subulate, erect or somewhat spreading, 1.2–5 mm. long, entire, glabrous or occasionally pubescent or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Corolla 7–13 mm. long, blue or rarely mauve or white, with 2 bumps in the mouth of the tube, split to 0.6–2.8(–3.2) mm. from the base on the back, shortly pubescent or papillose on the inside of the tube, glabrous or occasionally pubescent on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Stamens 3–7 mm. long; filaments puberulous and attached to the corolla-tube at the base; anther-tube 1.2–2.4 mm. long, ± pubescent on the back of the upper thecae, or occasionally glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Capsule 8–10-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 3–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815543 morphology D8FB41BC-7499-4017-8A71-3EEB87DF2179 Seeds elliptic to broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.3–0.4 mm. long, very finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143240-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Annual or short-lived perennial, erect to decumbent herb, 4–60 cm. tall, often purplish tinged towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Stem usually much branched, very narrowly winged or ribbed, sparsely to densely pubescent or occasionally glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Leaves up to 5–40 mm. long, 4–30 mm. wide, linear to ovate or subreniform, narrowing upwards, obtuse to subacute at the apex, cuneate to cordate or rarely attenuate at the base, with a petiole up to 1.5–10(–15) mm. long, ± crenate to pinnatifid, densely pubescent to glabrous on both sides or only the upper side pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Flowers in lax leafy racemes or rarely scattered in the upper leaf-axils; pedicels (10–)20–45 mm. long, filiform, glabrous or pubescent; upper bracts linear to elliptic or rarely ovate, usually much shorter than the pedicels; bracteoles 0.1–0.8 mm. long, at or near the base of the pedicel, rarely absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Hypanthium broadly obconical, usually very short, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Calyx-lobes very narrowly triangular, ± erect or spreading, (1.5–)2–5(–7) mm. long, entire, ciliate, ciliate-pubescent or rarely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Corolla 3.2–16 mm. long, blue to pale pink, split to 0.6–2 mm. from the base on the back, shortly pubescent to sparsely papillose inside, glabrous or pubescent on the lobes outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Filaments, at least the 2 lower, pubescent below, rarely all subglabrous, all attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Anther-tube 0.6–1.6(–2) mm. long, shortly pubescent at least on the back, or glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Ovary subsuperior to semisuperior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Capsule ± obovoid, glabrous or pubescent, with prominent valves 1.5–3.2 mm. long, ± as long as or usually longer than the inferior part of the capsule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815631 morphology 1A71CC60-7ADA-48F6-97CB-485A8FEA3D77 Seeds elliptic to broadly elliptic in outline, ± compressed, 0.3–0.5 mm. long, very finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143966-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Perennial decumbent herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Stems up to at least 50 cm. long, narrowly winged, sparsely and shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Leaves 8–17 mm. long, 1.5–5 mm. wide, linear to narrowly elliptic or, the lower ones, ovate, acute to subacute at the apex, attenuate at the base, with a petiole 0.5–2 mm. long, sparsely crenate-serrate and with revolute margins, glabrous, or shortly pubescent above particularly along the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Flowers few, scattered in the upper leaf-axils; pedicels 10–30 mm. long, glabrous, longer than bracts; bracteoles 0.6–1.2 mm. long, at the base of the pedicel, ciliate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Hypanthium obconical, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 4–5 mm. long, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Corolla 20–25 mm. long, blue, split practically to the base on the back, subglabrous inside the tube and on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Filaments subglabrous, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Anther-tube 2–2.5 mm. long, shortly pubescent on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Ovary semisuperior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Capsule ± obovoid, glabrous with prominent valves ± 2 mm. long, somewhat shorter than the inferior part of the capsule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000815283 morphology B9415213-E6E9-4303-A729-99E1BC28A817 Seeds elliptic in outline, compressed, 0.6–0.7 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143342-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Calyx brown pubescent; tube ± 4 mm., lobes ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Corolla white or, less often, pink, greenish or mauve, 12–19 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Filament-sheath 8–12 mm., free parts 4–6 mm., anthers 0.5–0.7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Ovary 10–11 mm. long, pilose below and on the sutures, glabrous, or nearly so at the sides, 3–4-ovulate; style 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198622 morphology 5D66CFE9-E7FA-43C3-A86F-47AED0D29637 Pod up to 9 by 3 cm.; seeds 2–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487709-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Tree 6–20 m. tall; twigs, buds and leaf-rhachides glabrous or with a few scattered long dark hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Stipules oblong, often semi-persistent; leaf-rhachis up to 12 cm. long; stipellae sometimes present; leaflets 3–8, elliptic, lanceolate or oblong, gradually acuminate, up to 15 cm. long and 7 cm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Raceme many-flowered, densely brown pubescent, some of the hairs up to 1.2 mm. long, the axis up to 3 mm. in diameter; bracts oblong, up to 5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels up to 12 (rarely –19) mm. long; bracteoles elliptic-oblong, 3–4 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Calyx brown pubescent; tube 4–5 mm. long; lobes very broad, overlapping in the bud, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Corolla bluish, pinkish or white, 18–22 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Filament-sheath 10–13 mm., free parts 5–6 mm., anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Ovary 10–11 mm. long, densely tomentose all over, 3-ovulate; style 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Pod glabrescent but showing traces of indumentum at the base, 2–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Seeds ± 17 by 15 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000198707 morphology 518D0AF6-5B4F-465F-A38B-93133A70C084 Fig. 26/1–9, p. 148. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:487710-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Small tree or shrub 2–7 m. tall; bark corky, smooth or fissured, often yellowish; young stems velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Stipules triangular, velvety, ± 1 mm. long; leaf-rhachis velvety, up to 10 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–2 cm.; petiolules velvety; leaflets opposite or nearly so, rather leathery, in ± 6 pairs, ovate-oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, up to 4 cm. long and 1.4 cm. wide, rounded at the apex, with minute appressed hairs on both sides or glabre-scent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Flowers in pairs at each node of dense terminal velvety pseudoracemes; bracts triangular, persistent, ± 0.5 mm. long; pedicels ± 1–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Calyx-tube ± 3 mm. long; lobes deltoid-acuminate, the 3 lower ± 3 mm. long, the 2 upper united almost to the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Blade of standard ± 18 mm. long and 15 mm. wide; claw curved, inrolled, ± 3 mm. long; wings 17 mm. long including a claw of 2 mm., the auricle as long as the claw; keel 18 mm. long including a claw of 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 United part of filaments 15 mm., free parts 3 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Ovary velvety, ± 8-ovulate; style gently curved; stigma ± 0.4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Pod ± horizontal, tapering at the base, pointed, up to 8 cm. long by 8 mm. wide, often constricted between the seeds, yellowish-brown, velvety, indehiscent or almost so, 4–9-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Seeds kidney-shaped, dark green, ± 4 mm. long by 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000200952 morphology ED9DD098-26D8-4681-A561-6C82CA6C7459 Fig. 28. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509368-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 An annual or perennial, spreading, pubescent herb, the hairs on the stems, petioles and leaflet-midribs usually yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Readily distinguished from all other East African species of Tephrosia by the palmate 3–5(–7)-foliolate leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Petiole 2–7 cm. long with a pair of subulate “stipellae” 2–5 mm. long at the tip; leaflets linear-elliptic or linear-oblanceolate, up to 6 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, softly pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Normal flowers in pubescent terminal or leaf-opposed pseudoracemes up to 25 cm. long, sometimes also in upper leaf-axils; bracts rather persistent, 1–2 mm. long; pedicels 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Calyx ± 5 mm. long; lobes acute, rather longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Hairs on calyx and standard white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Corolla pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Filament-sheath 6–7 mm. long, the vexillary filament attached to the rest for most of its length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Style 1.6 mm. long, glabrous, tapering, not twisted; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Pod up to 37 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, sharply down-curved at the tip, shortly pubescent, 5–8-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Seeds longitudinal, yellowish, mottled, suboblong, ± 4 × 2.5 × 1.6 mm.; hilum nearly central; aril absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 In addition to the normal inflorescences, shorter axillary pseudoracemes are sometimes produced near the base of the stem, which push underground in sandy soil and bear small pale cleistogamous flowers and short 1–2-seeded pods. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0000203073 morphology 6A40150D-F63C-4915-8042-8FD3CF0FB7A8 Fig. 29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520707-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Erect annual or short-lived perennial, with a taproot, up to 1 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Stems densely silvery or fulvous, the hairs appressed, rather long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Leaf-rhachis up to 2.5 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–5 mm., prolonged 3–6 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 7 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide at the base; leaflets 1–5, usually 3, cuneate, oblong or oblanceolate, up to 6 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, rounded or emarginate with a deflexed mucro at the apex, glabrous above, densely silvery pubescent beneath, the prominent midrib fulvous; main lateral nerves 11–12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Flowers yellow, 2–3 together in the leaf-axils; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Calyx densely silvery outside, fulvous at the margins and within; tube ± 2 mm. long; lobes lanceolate, subequal, 5–6 mm. long, the 2 upper connate for 0.5 mm. only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Standard densely silvery outside, ± 7 mm. long, including a claw of 2 mm.; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Upper filament lightly attached, tapering slowly from a slight expansion 0.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 4 mm., free parts 1–2 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Ovary ± 4 mm. long; style linear, twisted and curved, glabrous except for a few hairs at the widened apex, ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Pod up to 5 cm. long, ± 6 mm. wide, densely silvery pubescent, brown at the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0001055124 morphology 52E1032F-E9CC-4D67-8CE6-5E8F892651AD Seeds 4–5, dark brown, longitudinal, ± 4.5 × 2.2 × 1.2 mm.; hilum near one end; aril large, dark, wedge-shaped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520538-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Prostrate or ascending annual or short-lived perennial varying greatly in its indumentum, which may be sparse and appressed or dense and spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole which may be up to 2.5 cm. in the lower leaves but is shorter in later leaves, prolonged 2–8 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules linear-subulate, up to 8 mm. long, not above 0.5 mm. wide at the base; leaflets 5–13 or, in seedlings, 1–3, narrowly oblong, oblanceolate or broadly linear, up to 4 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, glabrous above, appressed silky beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Flowers pale pinkish-purple, 2–6 together in the leaf-axils; pedicel 2–4 mm. long, shortly hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Calyx more or less hispid; tube 1–1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular-acuminate with filiform tips, 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Standard pubescent outside, 5–8 mm. long; keel glabrous, the claw more than half as long as the blade. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Upper filament lightly attached, widened but not callous one-third above the base; filament-sheath 3–5 mm., free parts 1–2 mm., anthers ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Style 1.5–2.5 mm. long, ribbon-shaped, glabrous, up to 0.3 mm. wide, with a few short hairs at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Pod curved, up to 4.5 cm. long, about 4 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204398 morphology 2DEE0AAD-DC94-4B74-8617-E32707ADDC33 Seeds 5–10, mottled, often corrugated, rounded-oblong, longitudinal, ± 2.7 × 1.8 × 1.0 mm.; hilum almost central; aril minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520946-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 A softly woody, branching, semi-erect perennial, up to 1 m. tall; stems silky pilose with rather spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Leaf-rhachis ±2.5 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–8 mm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules sublinear, up to 9 mm. long; leaflets 5–7, or rarely 9, oblanceolate or elliptic, acute at the base, acute or rounded at the apex, glabrous or pubescent above, appressed pilose beneath, with about 10 main lateral nerves, the terminal leaflet much larger than the laterals, up to 3 cm. long and 13 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Flowers pink, 2–3 together in the leaf-axils; pedicels up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Calyx pilose; tube ± 1.5 mm. long; teeth triangular-acuminate with filiform tips, up to 6 mm. long, the lowest rather longer than the others, the upper 2 shortly united at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Standard pubescent outside, ±10 mm. long including a claw of 2 mm., the blade orbicular; keel glabrous, the claw not above one-third as long as the blade. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Upper filament lightly attached, widened, but not callous, 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 7 mm., free parts 1–2 mm., anthers ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Style 2.5–3.5 mm. long, glabrous, twisted, tapering, only 0.1 mm. wide just below the capitate penicillate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Pod upcurved near the tip, ± 6 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, 2–3 mm. thick, hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Seeds 9–13, longitudinal, rounded-oblong, lozenge-shaped m cross-section, ± 2.5 × 2 × 1.3 mm.; hilum almost central, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000204446 morphology D36AB967-6900-413D-ADAC-238E9CCED513 Fig. 30, p. 172. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520980-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Short-lived perennial with a taproot, up to 1 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Hairs on stems rather sparse, appressed or spreading, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Leaves unifoliolate; stipules subulate, ± 5 mm. long; petiole ± 2 mm., distinct from the ± 1.5 mm. petiolule; blade narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, 3.5–6 cm. long, up to 14 mm. wide, rounded and mucronate at apex, cuneate at base, glabrous above, silky strigose beneath; midrib prominent beneath; chief lateral nerves ± 9, not very prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Flowers reddish-purple, 2–3 together in the upper leaf-axils and sometimes also in terminal pseudoracemes; bracts narrowly triangular, persistent, ± 3.5 mm. long; pedicels 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Calyx golden-brown silky outside, 6–7 mm. long, the ovate-acuminate teeth about as long as the tube, the upper pair somewhat united at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Standard golden-brown silky outside, ovate, emarginate, 11–14 mm. long; keel glabrous, the claw 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Upper filament lightly attached, dilated, bent and rather callous ± 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 7 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Style ± 5 mm. long, glabrous, linear, bent sharply at the base, the tip incurved with a few short hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Pod slightly upcurved, 5–5.5 cm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, silky, white on the sides, brown at the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Seeds ± 8, longitudinal, rounded oblong-subcylindrical, 3–4 × 1.6–2.2 × ± 1–6 mm.; hilum two-fifths along the side, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000202563 morphology 90216024-5347-406F-AACD-FA97F10EFC31 Fig. 31,p. 174. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520617-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Annual or short-lived perennial, up to 1 m. tall, with a taproot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Hairs on stems white or fulvous, appressed or spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Leaves unifoliolate; stipules narrowly triangular, 2–5 mm. long; petiolule 1–3 mm. long with no sign of a petiole beneath it; blade up to 14 cm. long and 13 mm. wide, recurved apiculate at the tip, glabrous or almost so above, appressed pilose beneath; lateral nerves ± 16, prominent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Flowers in lax terminal pseudoracemes and 2–3 together in upper leaf-axils; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bracts triangular, ± 2 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Calyx densely brown pubescent; tube ± 1.5 mm. long; teeth triangular, the lowest ± 3 mm., the lateral ± 2 mm., the upper ± 1.5 mm. long and united for half their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Standard fulvous outside, ovate, 7–9 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Upper filament lightly attached, dilated but not callous near the base; filament-sheath 5 mm., free parts 1–2 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Style glabrous, curved, twisted, tapering, penicillate, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Pod somewhat upcurved near the apex, ± 5 mm. long by 3 mm. wide, densely pubescent, silvery at the sides, dark brown on the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000201430 morphology E6B274C7-0525-4A63-93E7-4D08292412DB Seeds 8–12, longitudinal, well spaced, ± 2.8 × 1.8 × 0.8 mm.; hilum one-third along the side, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520364-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Perennial or annual bushy herb, up to 80 cm. tall; hairs on stem usually spreading and yellowish, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Leaves 1-foliolate; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 6 mm. long; petiole up to 5 mm.; petiolule 1–2 mm. long; leaflet elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, apex rounded or acute, up to 7 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide, white pilose above and beneath; chief lateral nerves 5–6 on each side, very prominent and rufous pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Flowers orange or brick red, in short dense terminal pseudoracemes, usually of but 1–3 nodes, often also in uppermost leaf-axil; bracts narrowly triangular, persistent, ± 7 mm. long; pedicels up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Calyx hirsute with both brown and white hairs; tube ± 2 mm. long; lobes lanceolate-acuminate, with long attenuate tips, lowest ± 6 mm., lateral ± 5 mm., upper, united for ± 1 mm., ± 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Standard tomentose outside, ± 9 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Upper filament lightly attached, widened, but not callous, 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 8 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Style glabrous, curved into a semicircle, penicillate, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Pod somewhat upcurved, apical angle 60°–70°, up to 5 cm. long, ± 5 mm. wide, brown hirsute, 10–11-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000202650 morphology 256535F8-0B94-4983-8989-6EAA1A6BA3C5 Seeds oval, transverse; hilum near the narrower end; aril well developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520627-1 wfo-0000203588 morphology 5298ABC3-6B85-4E22-BFBA-6513A5A72158 Erect annual or short-lived perennial up to 2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520800-1 wfo-0000203588 morphology 5298ABC3-6B85-4E22-BFBA-6513A5A72158 Very closely related to T. holstii, but differs in the leaves being 3–5-foliolate with a rhachis up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 9 mm., prolonged up to 8 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets. The terminal pseudoracemes are usually longer and laxer than those of T. holstii and the flowers larger, the standard being up to 15 mm., the filament-sheath ± 12 mm. and the style ± 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520800-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Perennial herb with a woody rootstock, up to 0.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Stems appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Leaf-rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 3 cm., prolonged up to 2 cm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules sublinear, up to 8 mm. long; leaflets 3–5, lanceolate, up to 8 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, coriaceous, acute, with a dense network of veins prominent on both surfaces, glabrous above (in Flora area), appressed strigulose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Flowers yellow and red in lax terminal pseudoracemes, sometimes a few in the upper leaf-axils; bracts sublinear, persistent, up to 6 mm. long; pedicels 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Calyx brownish pubescent; tube ± 2 mm. long; teeth triangular, ± 3 mm. long, except the lowest which is 4 mm., the upper pair united almost to the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Standard brownish pubescent outside, emarginate, ± 11 mm. long; wings ± 11 mm. long, with a claw of 3–5 mm.; keel glabrous, ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Upper filament lightly attached, widened but not callous 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 7 mm., free parts ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Style glabrous, bent through 90° near the base, then straight, linear; stigma with a few short hairs, not penicillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Pod appressed strigulose, ± 6 cm. long by 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202252 morphology 3FEB4A20-4586-47B8-BC85-60C6BFD15B4C Seed ± 14, oblong-ellipsoid, longitudinal; hilum one-third along the side, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520542-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Softly woody stiffly erect perennial 0.5–2.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Hairs on stems appressed, ± 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Leaf-rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 13 mm., not or but shortly (1–3 mm.) prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; stipules subulate, ± 2 mm. long; leaflets 5–13, narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, up to 3 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, cuneate at base, rounded or truncate and apiculate at apex, glabrous above, appressed strigulose beneath; midrib prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Flowers pink or rose in rather lax terminal pseudoracemes and also in many upper leaf-axils; bracts narrowly triangular, ± 2 mm. long; pedicels up to 8 mm. long in fruit, appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Calyx golden brown, appressed strigulose; tube ± 3 mm. long; teeth broadly triangular, lowest 3–4 mm., lateral 2.5–3 mm., upper pair 2 mm. long, united for half their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Standard with appressed golden hairs outside, ± 13 mm. long; keel glabrous, the claw over 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Upper filament lightly attached, widened and sharply bent 2 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 9 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Style glabrous, bent through 90° at the base, then straight, linear, not twisted, not penicillate, ± 5 mm. long and 0.7 mm. wide; stigma slightly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Pod somewhat upcurved, up to 7 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, appressed golden brown strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000202273 morphology 3E613A23-2786-43FC-93E7-581F8585F62B Seeds 9–11, olive-green, longitudinal, oblong-ellipsoid, ± 4 × 2.5 × 1.2 mm.; hilum more or less central, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520545-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 An erect perennial, probably from a woody rootstock; stems densely rusty tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Leaf-rhachis up to 8 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 16 mm., prolonged 0–8 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules rather persistent, narrowly triangular or sublinear, up to 10 mm. long; leaflets 5–9, usually 7, cuneate-obovate or cuneate-elliptic, up to 6.5 cm. long by 2.4 cm. wide, rounded or acute and apiculate at the tip, glabrous or nearly so above, densely silvery and rather rusty on the veins beneath; secondary and tertiary lateral veins forming a prominent network. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Flowers orange in dense rusty or silvery tomentose shortly pedunculate terminal pseudoracemes; bracts linear-lanceolate, densely tomentose, up to 11 mm. long; bracteoles usually present on upper part of pedicels or at base of calyx; pedicels ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Calyx rusty tomentose; tube ± 3 mm. long; upper teeth together 6–7 mm. wide, 2–3 mm. long, united to above the middle, lateral teeth triangular-acuminate, 4–6 mm., lowest tooth 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Standard densely golden silky outside, 15–19 mm. long and wide; keel tomentose at the suture. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Upper filament firmly attached for half its length, callously thickened and sharply bent 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 8–10 mm., free parts 4–5 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Style glabrous, sharply upturned through 90° at the base then straight, linear, 6 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide; stigma inturned, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Pod (immature) ± 5 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, densely silvery-brown tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201727 morphology 0034D939-92E0-45D8-BD01-4C8C65DF3C01 Seeds 5–6, longitudinal, probably arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520406-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Stems several, up to 30 cm. long, erect from a short-lived woody rootstock, densely hispid with fulvous stiffly spreading hairs up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Leaf-rhachis fulvous hirsute, 2–3 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 1 cm., prolonged 0–2 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules linear-filiform, hispid, with one very distinct central nerve, up to 14 mm. long; leaflets 5–11, linear -oblanceolate, rounded or acute at apex, up to 4 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous above, hirsute beneath; main nerves ± 8 on each side, midrib prominent and fulvous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Annual herbaceous or slightly woody climber, 0.3–3 mm. long; stems deeply grooved, straw-coloured with grooves green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Leaves pale green, stipulate, thin, biternate, triangular in outline, (3–)5–10 cm. long, 5–12 cm. wide, composed of 3 ± equal divisions each of a petiolule and 3 leaflets or deeply trifid leaflet; petiole 0.4–6 cm. long, pubescent; first order petiolules 0.5–3 cm. long, subequal or often the lateral ones somewhat longer than median one; leaflets sessile or with short secondary petiolules, sparsely pubescent when young, later glabrescent except for main nerves, the terminal one ovate, 1.5–6.5 cm. long, 0.8–2.5 cm. wide, acute to acuminate or rarely rounded at the apex, apiculate, attenuate to rounded at the base, serrate to deeply dentate or pinnatipartite, rarely ± entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Inflorescences corymbose, the rhachis bearing 3–4, 2–5-flowered raceme-like thyrses; peduncle below tendrils 1.5–10.5 cm. long, the part above 0.2–1.2 cm. long; secondary peduncles 0.3–1.7 cm. long; pedicels (0–)1–2 mm. long, lengthening to 5 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Flowers said not to be scented; sepals yellow-green, unequal, the outer ± round, 1 mm. diameter, the inner larger and ovate, 2–3 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide; petals white, cream, greenish or yellow, elliptic to obovate, 2–3 mm. long; appendages yellow at tip, hairy; disk of 2 curved elements 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Stamens 8; filaments ± 2 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Ovary ± 2 mm. diameter; style 0.5 mm. long, with yellow stigma equalling it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Fruit yellow-green turning greenish brown to reddish or dark brown, obtetrahedral, 1–3.5 cm. long, 1.8–4 cm. wide, dehiscing into 3 segments, at first densely puberulous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Seeds black, globose, 5 mm. diameter, with a reniform or crescentic hilar area, 3–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587875 morphology 0B72C54C-C834-4ED8-84E7-29EECDE0B0B3 Fig. 25/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782206-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Annual herbaceous to slightly woody climber, 0.3–4.5 m. tall; stems deeply grooved, densely shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Leaves stipulate, biternate or pinnate, triangular or ovate in outline, up to 9 cm. long, 10 cm. wide, mostly densely velvety pubescent, in biternate examples composed of 3 main divisions, the median larger than the laterals; petiole 0.3–2(–3) cm. long; first order petiolules 0.1–3 cm. long, second order petiolules 0–1 cm. long; terminal leaflet ovate, 1–5.2 cm. long, 0.5–4.5 cm. wide, acute to acuminate and apiculate at the apex, attenuate-decurrent to truncate or cordate at the base, crenate to serrate or deeply lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Inflorescences corymbose to paniculate, the rhachis with 3–5, few-flowered corymbiform racemoid thyrses, grey-pubescent, or a paniculate thyrse 0.4–1.5 cm. long with 6–12 racemoid thyrses 0.2–1.1 cm. long; peduncle below tendrils (2–)3–12 cm. long, above 0.2–1.3 cm. long; secondary peduncles 0.2–1.4 cm. long; pedicels 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Sepals unequal; outer broadly elliptic to ± round, 1.5–2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, inner elliptic, 3–5.5 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Petals white or cream, elliptic, (3–)4–6 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide; appendage orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Stamens 8, with filaments 3–4 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Ovary 2–3 mm. long; style 0.5–1 mm. long; stigmas ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Fruit green to orange or rusty red, ovoid or usually ellipsoid, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) cm. long, (1.5–)2–3.3 cm. wide, finely velvety when young; septa elliptic, longer than wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000587847 morphology 18BFE045-5BE6-4C5E-A9F6-56C6F353B34F Seeds black, 4.5–5 mm. diameter; hilum white, reniform or cordate, 3 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782195-1 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Shrubby climber 2.5–8(–?15) m. high, with a deep brown sharply ribbed stem up to 3.8 cm. wide at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Leaves imparipinnate, 5-foliolate, (5–)15–25 cm. long, 8–20 cm. wide; petiole up to 10 cm. long, it and the rhachis winged, the wing 0.5–1.3 cm. wide; leaflets sessile or shortly stalked, ovate, elliptic or rhomboid, the terminal one 7–15 cm. long, 3.5–8 cm. wide, the laterals 3.5–10 cm. long, 1.7–5 cm. wide, acuminate, acute or obtuse at the apex, cordate, cuneate or narrowed at the base, subentire (rarely in our area), distantly dentate, serrate or shallowly lobed, subcoriaceous, glabrous, shining, with hairs present beneath on the venation and in tufts in the nerve axils; lateral nerves strong. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Inflorescence a racemoid thyrse axillary in each of the upper leaves, 5–10 cm. long; peduncle 1–3×the length of the fertile portion, with apical pair of tightly coiled tendrils, or occasionally inflorescence sessile; inflorescence-axes brown-puberulent; pedicels 0–3 mm. long; flowers (3–)5–9 in cymose clusters, the terminal one often female and the remainder male. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Flowers yellowish, creamy white or pink, scented, 5–6 mm. long; sepals ovate, unequal, outermost 1.5 mm. long, innermost 4 mm. long, pubescent on their outer surfaces; petals white, tongue-shaped, subequal, 5 mm. long, scale asymmetrically crested, ciliate, 3/4 of the length of the petal, yellow-tipped; disk to one side of the androgynophore, ciliate, consisting mainly of 2 large, plus 2 minute, ear-shaped glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Stamens 8, 5 long and 3 short; anthers white; staminodes 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Ovary pubescent; style trifid; rudimentary ovary much reduced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Fruit green, turning red or rose-red, obovoid or obovoid-oblong, 2.4–3.6 cm. long, 1.1–1.4 cm. wide, rounded or emarginate at the apex, mucronate, strongly narrowed at the base, 3-grooved, at first pubescent but later glabrous and finely rugulose, ultimately dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Seeds black, oblong-ellipsoid, 1–1.1 cm. long, 7–8 mm. wide; aril white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000471616 morphology 853CD28D-6843-4990-ACCC-A419558BB337 Fig. 26. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185718-2 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Shrub, 0.5–1.8 m. high, much-branched and spreading, sometimes (apparently not in our area) a small tree to 8 m. high; stems grey-green, tomentellous and with glandular hairs when young, becoming sparsely hairy when older, with conspicuous leaf-scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Leaves thick, upright, oblanceolate, 1–4.5 cm. long, 0.2–0.6 cm. wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins entire and revolute, apex rounded to acute, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, with some glandular hairs; venation ± invisible; petiole 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Inflorescence hardly longer than the leaves, 1–6(–11)-flowered, with glandular tomentellous axes 1–4 cm. long; bracts similar to the leaves, up to 10 mm. long; pedicel 3–8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Calyx 7–10 mm. high, glandular-pubescent, the lobes lanceolate, 6–10 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:64999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Petals bright or lemon yellow, obovate, 5.5–9 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, base clawed for 1 mm., apex rounded, falling easily. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Stamens 4–4.5 mm. long, the shorter ones 2.5–3.5 long; anthers 0.8 mm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Ovary densely pilose; styles 3–4 mm. long, glabrous, caducous before the fruit develops fully. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Fruit of 5 carpels, fruiting calyx green turning yellow; carpels blackish, ellipsoid to slightly obovoid with some faces compressed by packing, 3–4 mm. high, 3–3.5 mm. in diameter, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0000492128 morphology F32304AA-5F1D-4E76-8E8C-DEFEFA84D2B9 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814158-1 wfo-0001120093 morphology 62BE6499-6AD8-4479-AA01-13A14DB6716F Sorus elliptic to obovate, about half as wide as segment; indusial flap about as long as lamina, edge of lamina and indusium entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17408530-1 wfo-0000448186 morphology A66D708A-BD15-4579-9AEE-03FE04E10A81 A much-branched shrub or small tree 4.5–7.5 m tall with nodular stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:164286-2 wfo-0000448186 morphology A66D708A-BD15-4579-9AEE-03FE04E10A81 Leaves ± oblanceolate, 7.5–10(–13) cm long, 1.5–3.5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:164286-2 wfo-0000448186 morphology A66D708A-BD15-4579-9AEE-03FE04E10A81 Catkins of flowers dense and hairy (1–)3–3.5 cm long and 0.6–1 cm wide in female, (1–)2.5–3 cm long, 2–6 mm wide in male, yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:164286-2 wfo-0000448186 morphology A66D708A-BD15-4579-9AEE-03FE04E10A81 Fruits reddish yellow, densely covered in white wax. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:164286-2 wfo-0001246120 morphology A6E1B5B3-948D-463D-8CA2-DE2B43D58CC3 Dioecious shrub or small tree to 12 m; shoots nodular; lenticels scattered but distinct. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004894-1 wfo-0001246120 morphology A6E1B5B3-948D-463D-8CA2-DE2B43D58CC3 Very young shoots with very dense ferruginous and yellow scales and a few white hairs; some black stiff hairs on older shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004894-1 wfo-0001246120 morphology A6E1B5B3-948D-463D-8CA2-DE2B43D58CC3 Leaves oblanceolate to narrowly oblong-elliptic, narrowly obovate or obovate-spathulate, 2.5–9 cm long, 1–2.3(–3.5 in Madagascar) cm wide, ± rounded or sometimes emarginate at the apex, attenuate-decurrent at the base, ± coriaceous, with very dense overlapping scales as on very young stems, later with dense persistent small red-brown scales beneath; lateral nerves 10–20 on each side, rather inconspicuous beneath; petioles 0.6–1.2 cm long, with stiff black hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004894-1 wfo-0001246120 morphology A6E1B5B3-948D-463D-8CA2-DE2B43D58CC3 Male inflorescences 1.5–3 cm long, ± glandular; bracts ovate, obtuse, glandular on back, ciliate; stamens 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004894-1 wfo-0001246120 morphology A6E1B5B3-948D-463D-8CA2-DE2B43D58CC3 Female inflorescences 1.5–3 cm long, to 3.5 cm in fruit; bracteoles 4, ciliolate, glandular, broadly ovate, 0.5–0.7 mm long; stigmas filiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004894-1 wfo-0001246120 morphology A6E1B5B3-948D-463D-8CA2-DE2B43D58CC3 Fruits ovoid or globose, 4–5 mm diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004894-1 wfo-0000448164 morphology 5F3E7BA5-269B-4F0E-AC37-7B77D28D718D Much-branched shrub or small tree, dioecious or less commonly monoecious, 1–9 m tall; bark grey, fairly smooth (fide Greenway) to rough (Lynes specimen); branchlets subglabrous (apart from the glands) to tomentellous or occasionally densely pilose further south. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004886-1 wfo-0000448164 morphology 5F3E7BA5-269B-4F0E-AC37-7B77D28D718D Leaves scented; blades linear-oblanceolate to oblanceolate or ± oblong-elliptic, up to 7–12 cm long, 1–3 cm wide (sometimes smaller in South Africa), acute to bluntly pointed at the apex, long-attenuate at the base, subentire to coarsely and rather distantly serrate in the upper half or two-thirds, the margin often becoming somewhat incurved and slightly crenate between the teeth, glabrous to rather inconspicuously pubescent mainly on the midrib towards the base, rarely (not in East Africa) rather densely hairy overall, usually rather densely covered with golden- yellow glands on both surfaces, pock-marked when the glands wither; lateral nerves on either side generally 20–30 or more, inconspicuous beneath, the finer venation obscure; petiole 3–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004886-1 wfo-0000448164 morphology 5F3E7BA5-269B-4F0E-AC37-7B77D28D718D Female flowers borne on the upper part of the catkin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004886-1 wfo-0000448164 morphology 5F3E7BA5-269B-4F0E-AC37-7B77D28D718D Male catkins dense, 0.5–3 cm long, reddish or purplish-brown when young; bracts broadly ovate-triangular or deltoid in the upper part, abruptly contracted to a narrow base and with cusp- like points either side at the middle, 1–1.5 mm long, glandular, ciliate, rarely with a short pubescence dorsally; stamens 3–4(–5), fewer in the lowermost bracts only; anthers sometimes papillose or hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004886-1 wfo-0000448164 morphology 5F3E7BA5-269B-4F0E-AC37-7B77D28D718D Female catkins usually dense at first, 0.5–1.2 cm long, elongating and up to 3–4 cm long in fruit; bracts ovate-triangular, sometimes broadly so, to transversely rhombic, otherwise as in ♂; bracteoles usually 4, ovate, concave, 0.4–0.7 mm long, densely hairy; style-arms slender, long-caudate, 1.5–3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004886-1 wfo-0000448164 morphology 5F3E7BA5-269B-4F0E-AC37-7B77D28D718D Fruits ellipsoid-globose, 3–4 mm across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004886-1 wfo-0001248943 morphology 4FA2617A-76CF-4328-88D1-C6829E16F3CC Much-branched almost invariably monoecious shrub or small tree, 1.2–6 m tall; branchlets subglabrous (apart from the glands) to crisped pubescent or densely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004895-1 wfo-0001248943 morphology 4FA2617A-76CF-4328-88D1-C6829E16F3CC Leaf-blades elliptic-oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or oblong-obovate, up to 5–9.5(–10) cm long and 2–3.2(–4) cm wide, acute to bluntly pointed at the apex, cuneate at the base, usually distinctly (sometimes coarsely) and rather distantly serrate in the upper half or two- thirds, rarely subentire, the leaves of sterile shoots sometimes biserrate or crenate between the teeth, ± glossy, glabrous to pubescent or pilose particularly on the midrib, covered at first with small rather scarious off-white or pale yellow glands, these rather inconspicuous and not leaving pock-marks on the older leaves; lateral nerves 12–20 or more on either side, fine but visible on both surfaces, the ultimate venation rather inconspicuous; petiole 3–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004895-1 wfo-0001248943 morphology 4FA2617A-76CF-4328-88D1-C6829E16F3CC Catkins greenish-yellow or greenish-white, 2–5(–7) cm long, soon rather lax; female flowers borne on the upper and greater part of the catkins, rarely the catkins all male; male catkins sometimes rather persistently dense. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004895-1 wfo-0001248943 morphology 4FA2617A-76CF-4328-88D1-C6829E16F3CC Male flowers: bracts broadly ovate-triangular to ± transversely rhombic, 1.2–1.5 mm long, ciliate, glandular dorsally; stamens usually 3–6, but sometimes up to 8–10 in some flowers and on male catkins; anthers usually conspicuously papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004895-1 wfo-0001248943 morphology 4FA2617A-76CF-4328-88D1-C6829E16F3CC Female flowers: bracts rather narrower and up to 2 mm long, but otherwise as in male; bracteoles 2–4, ovate or obovate, 0.5–0.8 mm long, ciliate; style-arms linear-lanceolate, 1–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004895-1 wfo-0001248943 morphology 4FA2617A-76CF-4328-88D1-C6829E16F3CC Fruits blue or grey to blackish-purple but often appear white when dry, ellipsoid-globose, 3.5–4 mm across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004895-1 wfo-0001248944 morphology AFB314E0-B644-475D-BF4C-161E65A638F0 Habit varying from a small much-branched shrub to a forest tree 15 m tall, almost invariably dioecious; branchlets subglabrous (apart from the glands) to densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004896-1 wfo-0001248944 morphology AFB314E0-B644-475D-BF4C-161E65A638F0 Leaf-blades usually elliptic-oblanceolate to elliptic-obovate, less commonly lanceolate, ovate or elliptic-oblong, 1.5–13(–17) cm long, 0.6–6 cm wide, pointed to rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate to rounded, truncate or slightly cordate and mostly unequal-sided at the base, entire to coarsely and rather distantly serrate (sometimes biserrate on sterile shoots), glabrous to sparsely or less often quite densely hairy particularly on the midrib, covered with golden-yellow glands on both surfaces at first and rather persistently so beneath; pock-marked when the glands wither; primary lateral nerves (4–)8–18 on either side, fine but usually visible on both surfaces; petiole 1–16 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004896-1 wfo-0001248944 morphology AFB314E0-B644-475D-BF4C-161E65A638F0 Male catkins dense or rather lax, the flowers then often irregularly grouped into clusters, 0.5–3.5 cm long; bracts subtending 1(–2) flowers, variously shaped (see below), 1–2(–3) mm long, glandular, ciliate to densely hairy outside; stamens mostly 5–10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004896-1 wfo-0001248944 morphology AFB314E0-B644-475D-BF4C-161E65A638F0 Female catkins becoming lax, often from an early stage, 1–3.5 cm long and up to 6 cm long in fruit; bracts ovate-triangular, sometimes broadly so, rarely ± lanceolate, 0.8–2 mm long, ciliate to hairy overall; bracteoles usually 4, variously oblong-elliptic to broadly spathulate or suborbicular, concave, 0.4–1 mm long; style-arms linear and ± terete to linear-lanceolate, flattened and often somewhat serrate, 0.8–3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004896-1 wfo-0001248944 morphology AFB314E0-B644-475D-BF4C-161E65A638F0 Fruits brown to greyish white, ellipsoid-globose to subglobose, 3–4 mm long, 1.8–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004896-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Small tree or shrub, often multi-stemmed, much branched and frequently scandent, 1–13 m tall; bark light brown to grey; trunk and larger branches often bearing thorns on short wart-like outgrowths; smaller branches armed or unarmed, glabrous to pubescent; thorns recurved, paired at base of leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Leaves alternate, usually imparipinnate, extremely variable in shape, size and indumentum, 2.5–25 cm long, pubescent to glabrous; petioles and rachis with wings from almost non-existent to 3 mm wide; lateral leaflets in 2–7 pairs, sessile or subsessile, elliptic, broadly obovate to almost round, 0.5–9 cm long, 0.3–4 cm wide, apex acute, rounded or acuminate, base narrowly or broadly cuneate to almost rounded, usually asymmetric, margins crenate-serrate to crenate (sometimes very few crenations) usually in top half only or less frequently entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Inflorescence axillary and terminal, paniculate, 2–14 cm long, pubescent to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Sepals triangular to ovate, united at base, 4–5(–6), ± 1 mm long, 0.75–1 mm wide, pubescent to glabrous inside, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Petals 4–5(–6), valvate, 2–5.5 mm long, ovate to lanceolate, 1–2 mm wide, glabrous or glabrescent inside, pubescent to glabrous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Stamens 8–10, 1.5–4 mm long, inserted at the base of a disc; filaments 0.75–3 mm long, filiform, glabrous with a pubescent scale 0.5–2 mm long, 0.3–1 mm wide attached at the base on the inside of the filament; anthers elliptic to oblong, 1–1.2 mm long, 0.3–0.7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Disc inconspicuous, annular, 0.8–1 mm in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Ovary globose, 4–5(–6)-lobed, 1–1.75 mm tall, 1.2–2 mm wide, 4–5-locular; styles united, 0.8–1 mm long; stigmas united to form a 4–5(–6)-lobed capitate stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Infructescence 2.5–11 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Fruit a 4–8-lobed berry, depressed globose, 4–9 mm in diameter, red to black when ripe, glabrous, fleshy, with 4–8 seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Seeds 3.5–5 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0000715900 morphology E77D261B-50D2-4E12-BB9E-F9B941704A80 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813729-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Shrub or tree to 8 m, with spreading bushy crown; bark grey, fissured; bark of branchlets fawn to reddish brown becoming silvery grey, newest extension growth dark crimson, puberulous; branchlets often almost at right-angles to main axis, sometimes 3–4 radiating from one node. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Leaves densely crowded at ends of short side shoots and also on much abbreviated side shoots along main branchlets, 3.5–9 cm long; petiole and rachis pubescent to puberulous; lateral leaflets in (2–)3(–4) pairs, alternate or subopposite at base of leaf and opposite at apex of leaf, approximately same size along rachis or sometimes slightly smaller towards the base of the leaf, elliptic to rotund, 11–25 mm long, 9–20 mm wide, rounded and apiculate or emarginate at the apex, unequally rounded to cuneate at the base, terminal leaflet circular, symmetrical at base, margins entire or sometimes faintly crenulate, glabrous; petiolules short or sometimes absent at the apex, on terminal leaflet much longer, 5–10 mm long on well developed leaves, glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Inflorescence 3–6.5 cm long, pubescent to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Flowers greenish yellow to cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Sepals 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, pubescent outside, glabrous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Petals imbricate, lanceolate, 3–5 mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide, apex subacute, with minute globose glands towards base within, glabrous within, puberulous outside, more densely along the centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Stamens in staminate flowers with filaments 2.5–3.5 mm long, glabrous; anthers elliptic to broadly elliptic, 0.5–1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Disc ± 1.5 mm in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Gynoecium in pistillate flowers glabrous; carpels usually 4, each with 2 locules, forming an ovary ± 2 mm long, 1 mm wide; styles ± 1.5 mm long before falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Fruits ellipsoid to shortly cylindric, 10–12 mm long, 6–8 mm wide, mostly broadly rounded at both ends, composed of 4(–6) mericarps, shortly pubescent to puberulous, each mericarp with 2 locules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0001140395 morphology 1F17E9D1-1E65-4D47-8152-624003BDAF25 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813796-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Shrub or small tree to 10(–15) m; bark of older stems smooth, grey to pale brown; young stems covered with ferruginous pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Leaves 10–65 cm long, ferruginous pubescent (rarely almost glabrous); lateral leaflets in 2–6 pairs, narrowly oblong to narrowly ovate, 3–18 cm long, 1.5–8 cm wide, becoming somewhat smaller towards the leaf-base, acute to shortly acuminate at apex, asymmetric and rounded at base, margins entire to shallowly repand, gland dots near margin not always clearly visible; leaflets subsessile (usually more so towards the leaf apex) or with petiolules up to 10 mm, terminal petiolules 6–35 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Inflorescence 5–36 cm long, spiciform, polygamous, axis ferruginous pubescent; male and female/hermaphrodite flowers on separate inflorescences, in distant glomerules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Sepals 4(–5), oblong to ovate, 2–3 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide, acute, pubescent inside and outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Petals 4(–5), oblong to ovate, 1.5–3 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide, pubescent outside, sometimes inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Stamens 4(–5), 1–1.25 mm long in male flowers, glabrous; anthers ovate elliptic, 0.5–0.75 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Disc 1–1.25 mm in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Gynoecium of 4–5 free carpels, 1–2.5 mm tall, 1–3 mm wide, glabrous or pubescent; stigmas 1 mm long, free, reflexed back and outwards in cruciform pattern. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Infructescence (4–)7–40 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Fruits of 1–4 mericarps on fruiting pedicels 1–8 mm long; mericarps ellipsoid, 9–14 mm long, 6–8 mm wide, acute at apex, glabrous, red; sarcocarp thin; endocarp reticulately wrinkled, hard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Seed 8–9 mm long, 5–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572696 morphology 543C3825-669C-4A09-B634-1A228D5B7917 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813601-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Shrub or small tree, 3–4 m tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Leaves 45–72 cm long; lateral leaflets ovate to elliptic, 8–15 cm long, 3.5–8 cm wide, base asymmetrically rounded to broadly cuneate, margin remotely serrate or repand, apex shortly acuminate with acute tip, thinly coriaceous, glabrous or sparsely ferruginous pubescent along main veins, gland-dots on or very close to margin or often forming tip of tooth; leaflets subsessile (usually towards the leaf apex) or with petiolules to 7 mm long, terminal petiolule 35–37 mm long; petiole and rachis ferruginous pubescent (particularly at the joints and towards the base) to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Inflorescence (male only seen) 38–55 cm long, slightly shorter than subtending leaf, spiciform; rachis ferruginous pubescent; flowers usually in glomerules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Sepals 4(–5), triangular, 0.5–1 mm long, 0.75–1 mm wide, glabrous to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Petals 4(–5), round to broadly obovate, 1–2 mm long, 1–1.75 mm wide, glabrous or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Stamens 4(–5), 1–1.75 mm tall; anthers rotund, 0.5–0.75 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Disc 0.75–1 mm in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Gynoecium absent in male flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Infructescence 13–50 cm long, rachis sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Fruits of 1–2 mericarps on fruiting pedicels 3–10 mm long; mericarps 14–18 mm long, 9–11 mm in diameter, acute at apex, glabrous; sarcocarp thin; endocarp deeply and reticulately wrinkled, hard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000572708 morphology AB5556D9-B051-4C06-9928-EC05B4F99FC7 Seed 12–13 mm long, 7–8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:905770-1 wfo-0000733354 morphology A2CD1593-0AC1-4C84-92FC-C195C45D60AF Has been cultivated in Tanzania (Lushoto District: Amani, plantation Sigi Juu 9, Dec. 1940, Greenway 6082!). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814006-1 wfo-0000733354 morphology A2CD1593-0AC1-4C84-92FC-C195C45D60AF It has a winged rachis and large red flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814006-1 wfo-0000733354 use A2CD1593-0AC1-4C84-92FC-C195C45D60AF This is a native from tropical America and is a source of bitters and poison for flypaper. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814006-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Shrub to high forest tree; branchlets glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Leaves alternate, imparipinnate, 2–5(–8)-jugate, 8–40(–55) cm long; leaflets opposite or subopposite, drying greenish brown above, paler beneath, terminal and basal leaflets usually smaller than the other laterals; leaflet-blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or obovate, 2–20 cm long, 1–8 cm wide, emarginate or rounded to shortly acuminate at the apex, rounded to cuneate, often oblique at the base, coriaceous, glabrous, often with pitted glands on the upper surface, nervation indistinct, impressed, margin entire, sometimes slightly wavy; petiolule 1–40 mm, very variable within the species but fairly constant for each specimen; rachis terete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Flowers in terminal and axillary thyrses, inflorescence branches pubescent to glabrous; pedicels 1.5–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Calyx 2–4.5 mm long, 2–5-lobed (often fissuring irregul­arly to give variable number of lobes), glabrous inside, glabrous to puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Petals 5, imbricate, narrowly ovate to oblong, 3–7 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, subacute, puberulent outside, puberulent to pilose inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Stamens from 1.5–3 mm long in female or bisexual flowers, up to 7 mm in male flowers; appendage 1/2–2/3 as long as the whole stamen, pilose with short free tip; anther ± 1 mm long, broadly elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Disc annular to sub-cylindrical, 0.2–1.5 mm thick, 1.2–2.5 mm in diameter, furrows on outside to accommodate stamens, partially enveloping the ovary in male flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Ovary 0.8–1.5 mm long in female or bisexual flowers, reduced in male flowers; carpels 5, free, each containing 1 ovule; styles 0.3–2 mm long, cohering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Fruits drupaceous mericarps 1–3(–4) together on fruiting pedicels, ± ellipsoidal to oblong, apex obtusely pointed, base rounded, often slightly bicarinate and somewhat flattened, 15–35 mm long, 9–20 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Seed 1 per mericarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733404 morphology CC1BAC8F-CEF8-4DF1-9F51-58BDD46CD9EF Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814052-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Tree to 10 m; trunk irregularly angled; branches glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Leaves simple, elliptic, ovate or obovate, 5–25 cm long, 2–8.5 cm wide, rounded to acuminate at apex, rounded or obtuse at base, glabrous, glandular beneath, densely reticulate-veined; petiole 7–15(–30) mm, often curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Inflorescence axillary, pendulous, with a thin peduncle 1–30 cm long and a terminal umbel of 4–13 flowers; bracteoles ± 1 mm; pedicel 10–30 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Flowers white, bisexual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Calyx of 4 obtuse sepals 6 mm long, 2 mm wide, with a concave gland in the centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Petals 4, contorted or imbricate in bud, 10–25 mm long, 9 mm wide, obtuse, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Perennial herbs or sub-shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Leaves alternate, mostly pinnatisect-lobed, auriculate, palmately veined urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Capitula in lax corymbose cymes, radiate or rarely discoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Involucre 1-seriate, with calyculus; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Florets yellow, the outer female, radiate, in 1 series; the inner hermaphrodite, infundibuliform or narrowly campanulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Anthers obtuse or slightly sagittate at base, with ovate apical appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Style branches truncate to obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000008336 morphology 86D2CE59-20CB-4BA8-A8E3-F48F9D8896E2 Achenes compressed with thickened or winged margins; pappus of many fine bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30024902-2 wfo-4000014303 morphology 7B76454F-86B9-4B57-98A9-0472E0EE9799 Shrubs, rarely herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8900-1 wfo-4000014303 morphology 7B76454F-86B9-4B57-98A9-0472E0EE9799 Leaves alternate or rarely rosulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8900-1 wfo-4000014303 morphology 7B76454F-86B9-4B57-98A9-0472E0EE9799 Capitula solitary, usually radiate; involucre without a calyculus; phyllaries usually connate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8900-1 wfo-4000014303 morphology 7B76454F-86B9-4B57-98A9-0472E0EE9799 Ray and disc florets yellow; style branches truncate or obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8900-1 wfo-4000014303 morphology 7B76454F-86B9-4B57-98A9-0472E0EE9799 Achenes ribbed or smooth; pappus of many bristles or occasionally absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8900-1 wfo-4000022216 morphology 842D06B0-E944-4B64-8EEF-4795ACDFDA26 Shrubs or perennial herbs with thick rootstock urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9869-1 wfo-4000022216 morphology 842D06B0-E944-4B64-8EEF-4795ACDFDA26 Leaves alternate, fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9869-1 wfo-4000022216 morphology 842D06B0-E944-4B64-8EEF-4795ACDFDA26 Capitula solitary or in corymbose panicles, discoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9869-1 wfo-4000022216 morphology 842D06B0-E944-4B64-8EEF-4795ACDFDA26 Involucre 1-seriate, without calyculus; phyllaries connate at base; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9869-1 wfo-4000022216 morphology 842D06B0-E944-4B64-8EEF-4795ACDFDA26 Ray florets absent; disc florets white, pink or purplish; anthers obtuse at base, with ovate or oblong apical appendage; style branches with filiform pappillose appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9869-1 wfo-4000022216 morphology 842D06B0-E944-4B64-8EEF-4795ACDFDA26 Achenes with pappus of many fine bristles; pappus in 2–3 series. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9869-1 wfo-4000013312 morphology 3C28258E-A658-4A2C-A286-4DCFDE23A4EB Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329398-2 wfo-4000013312 morphology 3C28258E-A658-4A2C-A286-4DCFDE23A4EB Leaves alternate, simple, sometimes rosulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329398-2 wfo-4000013312 morphology 3C28258E-A658-4A2C-A286-4DCFDE23A4EB Capitula often corymbose, sometimes solitary, discoid or radiate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329398-2 wfo-4000013312 morphology 3C28258E-A658-4A2C-A286-4DCFDE23A4EB Involucre without calyculus, phyllaries free or connate at base; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329398-2 wfo-4000013312 morphology 3C28258E-A658-4A2C-A286-4DCFDE23A4EB Florets of various colours; anthers obtuse or slightly sagittate at base, appendaged at apex; style branches truncate to obtuse, sometimes with appendages of fused papillae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329398-2 wfo-4000013312 morphology 3C28258E-A658-4A2C-A286-4DCFDE23A4EB Achenes with pappus of many fine bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329398-2 wfo-4000036529 morphology CA300244-ABD2-4668-857E-8DA0F61B2910 Annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11139-1 wfo-4000036529 morphology CA300244-ABD2-4668-857E-8DA0F61B2910 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11139-1 wfo-4000036529 morphology CA300244-ABD2-4668-857E-8DA0F61B2910 Capitula solitary or in few-headed lax cymes; heads small, radiate, with few florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11139-1 wfo-4000036529 morphology CA300244-ABD2-4668-857E-8DA0F61B2910 Involucre ecalyculate; phyllaries connate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11139-1 wfo-4000036529 morphology CA300244-ABD2-4668-857E-8DA0F61B2910 Ray florets female; filaments with dilated collar urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11139-1 wfo-4000036529 morphology CA300244-ABD2-4668-857E-8DA0F61B2910 Achenes 5-ribbed or –winged, glabrous; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11139-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Perennial or annual herbs, erect or scrambling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Leaves alternate, entire to pinnatifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Capitula solitary or in corymbs, few to many, radiate or discoid, many-flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Involucre cylindrical, calyculate; phyllaries narrow; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Corolla tube narrow, tapering towards the apex, 5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Anther collars narrow and elongated, anthers obtuse or slightly sagittate at base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Style arms with short to long appendages of fused papillae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000009584 morphology DC7C0DA6-F534-4DB3-A893-DA100CF27C35 Achenes cylindrical or oblong, with short undulate or papillose strongly striate epidermal cells and strongly spirally thickened duplex hairs; pappus uniform, of many fine hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8421-1 wfo-4000003748 morphology A133F830-81C6-4DD8-94E6-8481968F856D Perennial scandent herb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:924985-1 wfo-4000003748 morphology A133F830-81C6-4DD8-94E6-8481968F856D Leaves alternate, with thickened prehensile petiole; blade ovate-cordate, auriculate, palmately veined urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:924985-1 wfo-4000003748 morphology A133F830-81C6-4DD8-94E6-8481968F856D Capitula in corymbose panicles, heterogamous, radiate; involucre calyculate; anthers caudate; style arms without appendages, fringed with short hairs, but in ray florets virtually without hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:924985-1 wfo-4000003748 morphology A133F830-81C6-4DD8-94E6-8481968F856D Achenes oblong, ribbed; pappus of fine bristles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:924985-1 wfo-4000003748 morphology A133F830-81C6-4DD8-94E6-8481968F856D Monotypic. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:924985-1 wfo-4000024283 morphology 7CAF0414-3FD5-4DAD-BD3A-FBAE5D8A3152 Scandent herbs or sub-shrubs with fluted stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10063-1 wfo-4000024283 morphology 7CAF0414-3FD5-4DAD-BD3A-FBAE5D8A3152 Leaves alternate, simple, cordate, 5–7-palmately veined; petioles prehensile with basal thickening, which remains after leaf abscission urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10063-1 wfo-4000024283 morphology 7CAF0414-3FD5-4DAD-BD3A-FBAE5D8A3152 Capitula racemose, cymose or paniculate, disciform, heterogamous; involucre calyculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10063-1 wfo-4000024283 morphology 7CAF0414-3FD5-4DAD-BD3A-FBAE5D8A3152 Outer florets female, inner hermaphrodite; all florets with narrow cylindrical tube and campanulate 5-lobed upper limb; anthers sagittate at base, caudate; style arms long, slightly flattened, apex truncate or rounded urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10063-1 wfo-4000024283 morphology 7CAF0414-3FD5-4DAD-BD3A-FBAE5D8A3152 Achenes cylindrical, 8–10-ribbed, glabrous, rarely tomentellous; pappus 1–3-seriate with very many bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10063-1 wfo-4000035060 morphology BC78DB39-4DD2-47BF-A869-9657E66F4628 Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs, sometimes scandent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325904-2 wfo-4000035060 morphology BC78DB39-4DD2-47BF-A869-9657E66F4628 Leaves usually alternate, very variable urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325904-2 wfo-4000035060 morphology BC78DB39-4DD2-47BF-A869-9657E66F4628 Inflorescence from solitary capitula to very compound many-headed cymes or panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325904-2 wfo-4000035060 morphology BC78DB39-4DD2-47BF-A869-9657E66F4628 Capitula discoid or radiate, usually stalked, solitary or in groups which often form corymbose cymes; involucre usually with a single row of phyllaries subtended by a small calyculus of much smaller bracts; phyllaries free or rarely connate, with membranous or scarious margin urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325904-2 wfo-4000035060 morphology BC78DB39-4DD2-47BF-A869-9657E66F4628 Flowers mostly yellow, sometimes purple or reddish; anthers ecaudate, obtuse or sagittate at base, appendiculate at apex; style branches obtuse or truncate with a ring of hairs and stigmatic lines urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325904-2 wfo-4000035060 morphology BC78DB39-4DD2-47BF-A869-9657E66F4628 Achenes cylindrical, ellipsoid or obovoid, with a pappus of fine bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325904-2 wfo-4000035680 morphology 22280583-9E72-406C-9D77-16BC6CE0821F Perennial herbs, often scandent, rarely shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:987499-1 wfo-4000035680 morphology 22280583-9E72-406C-9D77-16BC6CE0821F Leaves alternate, entire to pinnatilobed, often somewhat succulent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:987499-1 wfo-4000035680 morphology 22280583-9E72-406C-9D77-16BC6CE0821F Capitula discoid, in paniculate-corymbose inflorescences urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:987499-1 wfo-4000035680 morphology 22280583-9E72-406C-9D77-16BC6CE0821F Involucre calyculate; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:987499-1 wfo-4000035680 morphology 22280583-9E72-406C-9D77-16BC6CE0821F Florets yellow; anthers obtuse to sagittate at base, appendaged at apex; style branches truncate, sometimes with a tuft of fused papillae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:987499-1 wfo-4000035680 morphology 22280583-9E72-406C-9D77-16BC6CE0821F Achenes ribbed; pappus of many fine bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:987499-1 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Perennial herbs or shrubs, erect or prostrate; stem often succulent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Leaves alternate, simple, succulent, sometimes reduced or rudimentary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Capitula discoid, solitary or in corymbs or panicles, campanulate; involucre usually calyculate, but sometimes bracts obscure or absent; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Flowers tubular, the tube widened at base, of various colours urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Anthers obtuse at base, appendaged at apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Style branches with conical to elongated terminal appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000020068 morphology 7D5C9E11-6DFC-4A33-87B3-FA4BBF578D60 Achenes cylindrical to oblong, ribbed; pappus of fine white bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330062-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Perennial herbs, erect or climbing urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Leaves alternate, simple, dentate or lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Capitula rarely solitary, usually in terminal corymbose cymes, discoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Involucre with calyculus; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Florets with the upper part campanulate or infundibuliform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Anthers obtuse or slightly sagittate at base, with ovate or lanceolate apical appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Prominent style-arms long, exserted, gradually tapered, sometimes coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000016596 morphology 965E8C51-A6B1-478A-BDBA-4FF251FFC376 Achenes ribbed; pappus of many fine bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331640-2 wfo-4000009296 morphology 4A8317A5-26D8-4AA1-891D-BDBF9BDEE9F9 Achenes flattened; pappus of 2 small tufts of bristles < 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60437222-2 wfo-4000010667 morphology F992AD61-534D-404E-9F8A-09897287E19D - note the names of these popular ornamentals are not authoritative – there are many cultivated Dahlia species and cultivars and much confusion in identification! urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325940-2 wfo-4000015173 morphology 922533A2-69C4-4A7B-BB5B-C94318ED9A6F mentions “spp. and vars.” of this American genus cultivated on Zanzibar and Pemba, but does not specify taxa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:329192-2 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Shrubs or trees, sometimes scrambling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Leaves alternate, sometimes fasciculate on short-shoots, simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Capitula in dense heads of heads, the glomerules, these solitary or grouped in cymes, each glomerule formed of many capitula and usually subtended by bracts, capitula disciform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Phyllaries 3 per capitulum (primary head); receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Florets 2–6, 2 filiform female and 2–4 functionally male disc florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Anthers caudate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000004772 morphology 58DBC431-A84E-4048-BC18-8B4C0ECE8F41 Achenes 3-angled, often with twin-hairs (hairs of two parallel rows of cells); pappus of scales or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7934-1 wfo-4000003561 morphology 8FD472D0-24DF-4A57-97D1-C721BAAF0ED9 Perennial herbs or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7792-1 wfo-4000003561 morphology 8FD472D0-24DF-4A57-97D1-C721BAAF0ED9 Leaves alternate, simple or dissected urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7792-1 wfo-4000003561 morphology 8FD472D0-24DF-4A57-97D1-C721BAAF0ED9 Capitula in dense heads of heads, the glomerules, disciform or discoid, the glomerules arranged in synflorescences or solitary; phyllaries 0–2 per capitulum; receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7792-1 wfo-4000003561 morphology 8FD472D0-24DF-4A57-97D1-C721BAAF0ED9 Capitula with 2 filiform female florets and few to many hermaphrodite disc florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7792-1 wfo-4000003561 morphology 8FD472D0-24DF-4A57-97D1-C721BAAF0ED9 Anthers caudate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7792-1 wfo-4000003561 morphology 8FD472D0-24DF-4A57-97D1-C721BAAF0ED9 Achenes slightly flattened; pappus absent or occasionally a ring of connected twin-hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7792-1 wfo-4000018752 morphology F3553CD8-41C2-409F-979E-71ECB06D27C6 Perennial herbs; rhizome woody urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9455-1 wfo-4000018752 morphology F3553CD8-41C2-409F-979E-71ECB06D27C6 Leaves opposite, entire, glandular, margins often scabrid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9455-1 wfo-4000018752 morphology F3553CD8-41C2-409F-979E-71ECB06D27C6 Capitula usually solitary on long stalks, discoid; phyllaries in several rows; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9455-1 wfo-4000018752 morphology F3553CD8-41C2-409F-979E-71ECB06D27C6 Corolla often orange to red, deeply 5-lobed; anther appendage narrowly ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9455-1 wfo-4000018752 morphology F3553CD8-41C2-409F-979E-71ECB06D27C6 Achenes ribbed; pappus of several bristles or setae, often hooked at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9455-1 wfo-4000034469 morphology E7460BFC-FBA4-40B8-98F7-D2201C8E56E4 Annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331939-2 wfo-4000034469 morphology E7460BFC-FBA4-40B8-98F7-D2201C8E56E4 Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite, pinnatisect with filiform lobes, rarely simple, glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331939-2 wfo-4000034469 morphology E7460BFC-FBA4-40B8-98F7-D2201C8E56E4 Capitula in a leafy panicle, heterogamous; phyllaries in 1 to few rows; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331939-2 wfo-4000034469 morphology E7460BFC-FBA4-40B8-98F7-D2201C8E56E4 Corolla with female ray florets and hermaphrodite disc florets; anther appendage narrowly ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331939-2 wfo-4000034469 morphology E7460BFC-FBA4-40B8-98F7-D2201C8E56E4 Achenes black, narrowly obpyramidal; pappus of hyaline scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331939-2 wfo-4000014842 morphology 50C6F014-2142-495D-BCB9-536170776C7E Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:13999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326930-2 wfo-4000014842 morphology 50C6F014-2142-495D-BCB9-536170776C7E Leaves opposite, with connate leaf bases, 3-veined from base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326930-2 wfo-4000014842 morphology 50C6F014-2142-495D-BCB9-536170776C7E Capitula in terminal or axillary dense cymes or glomerules, heterogamous or much reduced to a single floret; phyllaries in several rows; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326930-2 wfo-4000014842 morphology 50C6F014-2142-495D-BCB9-536170776C7E Corolla with female ray floret, or only one ray on the outside of the outer capitulum, and hermaphrodite disc florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326930-2 wfo-4000014842 morphology 50C6F014-2142-495D-BCB9-536170776C7E Anther appendage narrowly ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326930-2 wfo-4000014842 morphology 50C6F014-2142-495D-BCB9-536170776C7E Achenes black, narrowly obovoid; pappus absent or rarely of a few scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326930-2 wfo-4000037446 morphology AAE4C289-4372-4F44-B0D9-01B805B1DF8D Annual or perennial herbs, strongly aromatic when crushed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325872-2 wfo-4000037446 morphology AAE4C289-4372-4F44-B0D9-01B805B1DF8D Leaves opposite or alternate, usually pinnate, sometimes simple, gland-dotted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325872-2 wfo-4000037446 morphology AAE4C289-4372-4F44-B0D9-01B805B1DF8D Capitula solitary or in dense corymbs, terminal, heterogamous; phyllaries in a single row (rarely in 2 rows), the margins connate, glandular; receptacle epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325872-2 wfo-4000037446 morphology AAE4C289-4372-4F44-B0D9-01B805B1DF8D Ray florets few, in a single series, female; style branches filiform; disc florets few to many, bisexual; anthers with an acute appendix at apex, style branches subacute and pilose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325872-2 wfo-4000037446 morphology AAE4C289-4372-4F44-B0D9-01B805B1DF8D Achenes black, narrowly cylindrical; pappus of 1–3 setae and 7–9 much shorter scales with ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325872-2 wfo-4000012983 morphology C3CCD469-4E07-40F5-A433-6FBED6BB258A Annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326241-2 wfo-4000012983 morphology C3CCD469-4E07-40F5-A433-6FBED6BB258A Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326241-2 wfo-4000012983 morphology C3CCD469-4E07-40F5-A433-6FBED6BB258A Capitula axillary or terminal, solitary or in pairs or in panicles, heterogamous, radiate; involucre 2-seriate; receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326241-2 wfo-4000012983 morphology C3CCD469-4E07-40F5-A433-6FBED6BB258A Ray florets female or sterile, with a small ray; disc florets hermaphrodite, tubular to campanulate, 4–5-lobed; anthers with rounded terminal appendage; style-arms obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326241-2 wfo-4000012983 morphology C3CCD469-4E07-40F5-A433-6FBED6BB258A Achenes ± compressed, rugose to tuberculate; pappus absent or of 2 short awns. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326241-2 wfo-4000000312 morphology 333232DC-58B7-419D-8D95-E79A4A7E017B Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001327-2 wfo-4000000312 morphology 333232DC-58B7-419D-8D95-E79A4A7E017B Leaves opposite and decussate, 3-veined from base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001327-2 wfo-4000000312 morphology 333232DC-58B7-419D-8D95-E79A4A7E017B Capitula axillary or terminal, solitary or grouped, ovoid, radiate or discoid; involucre 1–3-seriate; receptacle conical, paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001327-2 wfo-4000000312 morphology 333232DC-58B7-419D-8D95-E79A4A7E017B Radiate florets absent or up to 22, functionally male; style with obtuse branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001327-2 wfo-4000000312 morphology 333232DC-58B7-419D-8D95-E79A4A7E017B Disc florets many, hermaphrodite, 4–5-merous; style with obtuse branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001327-2 wfo-4000000312 morphology 333232DC-58B7-419D-8D95-E79A4A7E017B Achenes of ray florets triangular in cross-section, black; pappus absent or of up to 10 setae; achenes of disc florets compressed, black; pappus absent or of up to 10 setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001327-2 wfo-4000036088 morphology 7FB11DB3-A28A-4BD1-972F-616284EA37A6 Perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003557-2 wfo-4000036088 morphology 7FB11DB3-A28A-4BD1-972F-616284EA37A6 Leaves opposite and decussate, 3–5-veined from base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003557-2 wfo-4000036088 morphology 7FB11DB3-A28A-4BD1-972F-616284EA37A6 Capitula axillary or terminal, solitary, ovoid, discoid; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, subequal; receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003557-2 wfo-4000036088 morphology 7FB11DB3-A28A-4BD1-972F-616284EA37A6 Disc florets many, bisexual, 5-lobed; style with bulbous base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003557-2 wfo-4000036088 morphology 7FB11DB3-A28A-4BD1-972F-616284EA37A6 Achenes compressed, with a cork-like margin; pappus of 1–4 awns urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003557-2 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Annual or perennial, erect to decumbent herb, 8–50 cm. tall, often purplish tinged towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Stem narrowly winged, glabrous or occasionally sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Leaves 7–15 mm. long, ± orbicular or triangular in outline, finely dissected into linear, acute segments, glabrous, subsessile or with a petiole up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Flowers in lax leafy racemes or scattered in upper leaf-axils; pedicels 10–22 mm. long, glabrous; upper bracts usually tripartite, shorter than pedicels; bracteoles 0.5–1.5 mm. long, at base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Hypanthium very short, broadly obconical or practically absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Calyx-lobes linear-subulate, spreading, 3.5–5 mm. long, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Corolla 7–12 mm. long, blue, often with white throat, split to 1–2 mm. from the base on the back, shortly pubescent inside, glabrous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Filaments pubescent below and attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Anther-tube 1.2–2 mm. long, shortly pubescent on the back or glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Ovary subsuperior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Capsule with prominent valves 3–4 mm. long, much longer than the inferior part of the capsule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815552 morphology 0E4E67F3-33EC-4755-8358-D329E6ACC015 Seeds elliptic in outline, compressed, ± 0.5 mm. long, very finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143190-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Annual or short-lived perennial, decumbent to erect herb, 5–60 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Stem angular, narrowly winged, glabrous or pubescent on the wings with rather rigid hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Leaves (5–)20–70 mm. long, 2–10(–17) mm. wide, crenate to serrate or subpinnatifid, the upper linear to lanceolate, the lower linear to spathulate or suborbicular, acute to obtuse at the apex, sessile or narrowing below into a petiole-like base or an up to 7 mm. long petiole, glabrous or lower leaves ± pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Flowers in lax racemes; pedicels 5–50 mm. long, glabrous or papillose to shortly pubescent; bractssimilar to upper stem leaves, shorter to longer than the pedicels; bracteoles ± 0.4–1.6 mm. long, linear, at or near the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Hypanthium narrowly obconical to obovoid, 8–10-nerved, glabrous or papillose to shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, erect or spreading, 1.2–6 mm. long, with 1–3 pairs of teeth at the margin or entire, glabrous or ciliate to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Corolla 8–15 mm. long, blue, mauve or white, with 2 bumps in the mouth of the tube, split to 0.3–1.5 mm. from the base on the back, papillose on the inside of the tube, glabrous or pubescent on the outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Filaments puberulous at the base or ± along their entire length, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Anther-tube 1.2–2.4 mm. long, ± pubescent on the back of the upper thecae, or glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Capsule 8–10-nerved, with 2 valves 1–1.5 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 3–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000815524 morphology FBB36B68-DBB6-4DC2-BB5C-A8F775B394FB Seeds elliptic to broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.35–0.5 mm. long, very finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143273-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Perennial, erect or ascending, rhizomatous herb, glabrous or very occasionally pubescent, 10–50 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Stems not or sparsely branched, angular, not or very narrowly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Leaves up to 12 mm. long, 1–6 mm. wide, sparsely denticulate; upper leaves narrowly lanceolate, acute, ± erect; lower leaves lanceolate to elliptic or broadly ovate, sometimes obtuse, ± spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Flowers in lax racemes; pedicels up to 30 mm. long; bracts similar to upper stem leaves; bracteoles ± 1 mm. long, linear, on lower half of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Hypanthium obconical to obovoid, ± 10-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Calyx-lobes narrow, often subulate, erect, 2.5–6 mm. long, with 1–2 pairs of teeth at the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Corolla 6.5–10.5 mm. long, blue or rarely white, with 2 bumps in the mouth of the tube, split to ± 0.4 mm. from the base on the back, shortly pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Filaments pubescent at the base, connate for most of their length, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Anther-tube 1.5–2 mm. long, shortly pubescent on the back of the upper thecae or glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Capsule ± 10-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 4–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Seeds elliptic-oblong in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.4–0.5 mm. long, almost smooth, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000814665 morphology 5B453EF4-92BC-42C7-88CB-C7C12391EF38 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144026-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Annual erect glabrous herb 15–40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Stem not or sparsely branched, angular, very narrowly winged, purplish below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Leaves inconspicuous, up to 3–5 mm. long and 1–1.5 mm. wide, sparsely denticulate; upper leaves lanceolate, acute, erect; lower leaves often ovate to rotundate, sometimes obtuse, spreading or reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Flowers in lax, up to 15-flowered, 1-sided racemes; pedicels up to 10(–16) mm. long; bracts similar to upper stem leaves; bracteoles minute, at the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Hypanthium obovoid to subglobose, ± 10-nerved, glabrous or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular to subulate, erect, 1–3 mm. long, with 1–2 pairs of teeth near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Corolla 6–9 mm. long, blue, with 2 bumps in the mouth of the tube, split to ± 0.4 mm. from the base on the back, sparsely papillose inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Filaments pubescent at the base, connate for most of their length, attached to corolla-tube at the very base only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Anther-tube 1.2–1.8 mm. long, shortly pubescent on the back of the upper thecae; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Capsule ± 10-nerved, glabrous or almost so, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000815199 morphology 8589DDD8-079D-483F-B1D3-317ACF1EA3B7 Seeds elliptic-oblong in outline, compressed, ± 0.4 mm. long, almost smooth, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143977-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Annual erect herb, 8–40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Stem sparsely to much branched, triangular with narrowly winged edges, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Leaves up to 25–55 mm. long, 10–35 mm. wide, ovate, acute or obtuse at the apex, abruptly narrowing below into a petiole-like base, serrate to doubly dentate or crenate, sparsely pubescent on both sides; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Flowers in lax terminal and axillary racemes; pedicels 3–12 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent; upper bracts 1.5–3.5 mm. long, much shorter than pedicels; bracteoles minute, ± ovate, at the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Hypanthium narrowly obconical, 8-nerved, usually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Calyx-lobes very narrowly triangular, ± erect, 2–2.5(–3.5) mm. long, with a pair of teeth at the base, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Corolla 3.5–4.5 mm. long, blue, or white with blue markings, split practically to the base on the back, papillose inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Filaments, at least the 2 lower, pubescent below, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Anther-tube 0.6–1 mm. long, ± pilose on the back of the upper thecae; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex; the upper anthers ± papillose at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Capsule narrowly obconical, 8-nerved, with 2 valves ± 0.8 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 5–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000814882 morphology 42C56C08-9465-4AB2-8255-6C47B8FFACB3 Seeds lenticular, 0.4–0.5 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143810-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Annual or short-lived perennial, erect, ascending or decumbent herb, 10–60 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Stems often rooting at lower nodes, sparsely branched, triangular and broadly winged, usually glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Leaves up to 20–50 mm. long, 3–20 mm. wide, linear or narrowly elliptic to ovate, narrowing upwards, acute to obtuse at the apex, attenuate to cuneate below and often with an up to 5 mm. long petiole-like base, serrate-crenate, glabrous or rarely pubescent; at least the midvein prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Flowers in long lax terminal and axillary leafy racemes; pedicels up to 5–13 mm. long, glabrous, papillose or pubescent; upper bracts linear to narrowly elliptic, longer than or rarely equalling pedicels; bracteoles 0.3–0.8 (–2) mm. long, at the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Hypanthium narrowly obconical to subspherical, ± 8-nerved, glabrous or rarely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular to subulate, ± erect, spreading, or recurved in fruit, 1.2–3.6 (–5) mm. long, entire or rarely with a single tooth at the margin, glabrous or rarely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Corolla 4–11 mm. long, blue with darker markings, split to 0.1–1 mm. from the base on the back, glabrous outside, papillose or shortly pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Filaments, at least the 2 lower, pubescent below, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Anther-tube 0.8–2 mm. long, shortly pubescent on the back at least near the apex or rarely glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Capsule narrowly obconical to subspherical, ± 8-nerved, glabrous or rarely pubescent, with 2 valves 0.6–1.2 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 2.4–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000815418 morphology 8131B020-9353-45E9-9FCE-D4B6A3774ED1 Seeds elliptic in outline, compressed, 0.35–0.45 mm. long, ± distinctly reticulate to finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143264-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Annual ± erect herb, 8–30 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Stem not or sparsely branched, triangular with broadly winged edges, glabrous or with a few short and stout hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Leaves 7–16 mm. long, 2–5 mm. wide, suborbicular to elliptic at the base of the plant, gradually narrowing upwards to the linear-oblong bracts, obtuse to acute, denticulate, glabrous or with a few short stout hairs mainly on midvein beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Flowers in lax leafy racemes; pedicels 4–7 mm. long, glabrous, papillose or with a few short hairs; bracteoles linear, 0.4–0.5 mm. long, at or near base of pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Hypanthium subglobose, 8–10-nerved, glabrous or with short retrorse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, erect, 1.4–2.8 mm. long, entire, glabrous or with a few short hairs on the midvein outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Corolla 3.5–4.5 mm. long, blue with darker markings and 2 bumps in the mouth of the tube, split practically to the base on the back, pubescent inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Filaments connate for most of their length, the 2 lower pubescent below, all attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Anther-tube ± 0.8 mm. long, sparsely and shortly pubescent on the back of the upper thecae; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Ovary semi-inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Capsule subglobose, 8–10-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814520 morphology 56FE44C8-AD49-40F7-8043-A63742163A53 Seeds elliptic-oblong in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.4–0.45 mm. long, almost smooth, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143087-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Annual or short-lived perennial herb, decumbent, 10–75 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Stems usually many and much branched, often rooting at lower nodes, triangular with narrowly winged edges, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Leaves up to 20–70 mm. long, 7–20(–30) mm. wide, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate to ovate, gradually narrowing upwards on the stem, acute or obtuse at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowing below into a petiole-like base, serrate or crenate, sparsely pubescent on both sides or only above, ciliate at the base; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Flowers in lax leafy racemes; pedicels 10–20 mm. long, shorter than or equalling the bracts, glabrous, with minute bracteoles at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Hypanthium narrowly obconical, 8–10-nerved, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular to almost filiform, erect or somewhat spreading, 2.5–4(–5) mm. long, entire, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Corolla 4.5–6 mm. long, white with purplish or greenish markings in throat, split practically to the base on the back, shortly pubescent inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Filaments somewhat pubescent below, connate for most of their length, attached to the corolla-tube at the very base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Anther-tube 1.2–1.6 mm. long, glabrous on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Capsule narrowly obconical to subcylindrical, 8–10-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 6–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814993 morphology 72CAACF8-A13B-4017-A5ED-A9A1EF332E6C Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.45–0.6 mm. long, striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143568-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Annual or short-lived perennial herb, decumbent, 10–50 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Stems usually many, often rooting at lower nodes, triangular with narrowly winged edges, subglabrous to sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Leaves up to 20–50 mm. long and 7–24 mm. wide, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate to ovate, gradually narrowing upwards on the stem, acute or obtuse at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowing below into a petiole-like base, serrate or crenate, sparsely pubescent on both sides or subglabrous, ciliate at the base; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Flowers in lax leafy racemes; pedicels 10–35 mm. long, shorter than or equalling the bracts, glabrous, with minute bracteoles at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Hypanthium narrowly obonical, 8–10-nerved, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular to linear, ± spreading or reflexed, 3–6 mm. long, entire, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Corolla 6.5–10 mm. long, blue or rarely mauve or violet, split practically to the base on the back, shortly pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Filaments, at least the 2 lower, somewhat pubescent below, connate at least in the upper half, attached to the corolla-tube at the very base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Anther-tube 1.4–1.6 mm. long, mostly shortly pubescent on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Capsule narrowly obconical, 8–10-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000814955 morphology 5C295D2C-2967-4371-9727-2D234F0E8FD1 Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, ± 0.5 mm. long, striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143789-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Annual erect or ascending herb 5–25 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Stem sparsely to much branched, triangular and broadly winged, glabrous or rarely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Leaves up to 13–35 mm. long, 8–20 mm. wide, ovate to suborbicular, gradually narrowing upwards, acute or obtuse at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowing below into a petiole-like base, usually rather bluntly and shallowly dentate-crenate, glabrous or rarely pubescent on both sides; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Flowers in lax terminal and axillary leafy racemes; pedicels up to 10–20 mm. long, glabrous or papillose; upper bracts lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, shorter to longer than pedicels; bracteoles 0.2–0.8 mm. long, at or near the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Hypanthium obovoid to obconical, ± 8-nerved, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Calyx-lobes subulate, erect or somewhat spreading, 1.2–3.2 mm. long, entire or rarely with a single tooth at the margin, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Corolla 3.5–5.2 mm. long, pink, pale mauve or pale blue, usually with darker markings, split to 0.4–0.5 mm. from the base on the back, pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Filaments attached to the corolla-tube at the base, the 2 lower pubescent below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Anther-tube 0.6–1 mm. long, pubescent at least towards the apex on the back or glabrous; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Capsule obovoid to narrowly obconical, ± 8-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 2.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815178 morphology 79324541-0D5C-4AB6-847E-1AE8E471E9D8 Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, compressed, 0.35–0.45 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143373-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Annual erect or ascending herb, 3–15(–35) cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Stem sparsely to much branched, triangular and rather broadly winged, sparsely to densely hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Leaves up to 7–20 mm. long, 6–12 mm. wide, broadly ovate to elliptic, gradually narrowing upwards, usually acute at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowing below into a petiole-like base, serrate or dentate with usually acute teeth, at least lower leaves sparsely to densely pubescent on both sides; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Flowers in lax terminal and axillary leafy racemes; pedicels up to 5–10(–13) mm. long, glabrous, finely papillose or pubescent; upper bracts lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, equalling or longer than pedicels; bracteoles ± 0.2 mm. long, at the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Hypanthium obovoid to obconical, ± 8-nerved, glabrous or rarely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Calyx-lobes subulate, erect or somewhat spreading, 1.6–3.2 mm. long, with 1–2 pairs of teeth or rarely only a single tooth at the margin, glabrous or ± pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Corolla 2.8–4 mm. long, pale blue or white, usually with darker markings, split to 0.1–0.2 mm. from the base on the back, glabrous or with a few hairs on the lobes outside, pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Filaments, at least the 2 lower, pubescent below, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Anther-tube 0.6–0.8 mm. long, glabrous or with a few short hairs on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-4000036088 distribution 7FB11DB3-A28A-4BD1-972F-616284EA37A6 Six pantropical species. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003557-2 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Flowers dull red in a dense terminal sessile subcapitate pseudoraceme; pedicels hirsute, ± 7 mm. long; bracts linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Calyx hirsute, the hairs 1.5 mm. long; tube 2 mm. long; teeth lanceolate, long-acuminate, up to 6 mm. long, the upper pair free to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Standard silky fulvous outside, 14 mm. long, including a 4 mm. claw, the blade elliptic, narrowed gradually at the base, 8 mm. wide; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Upper filament lightly attached, widened, but not callous or bent, 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 7 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Ovules ± 6; style glabrous, gently curved throughout its length, ± 4 mm. long, penicillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Pod (immature) spreading horizontally, ± 2 cm. long, densely hirsute, silvery at the sides, brown at the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000201907 morphology 8C0A65F9-46C7-4DE7-A5B5-FD82525F20C5 Seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520455-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Annual or short-lived perennial shrublet, up to 1 m. tall, the stem densely silvery-velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Leaf-rhachis up to 6 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 1 cm., prolonged 0–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 7 mm. long; leaflets 7–15, cuneate-oblong, retuse at apex, up to 4 cm. long by 9 mm. wide, glabrous above, silvery beneath, with 6–9 principal nerves on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Flowers orange-purple in short dense sessile terminal pseudoracemes and also in upper leaf-axils; pedicels and bracts ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Calyx silvery, ± 7 mm. long, the upper teeth slightly shorter than the lower, separate almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Corolla orange, the standard golden-brown silky outside, 12–15 mm. long; keel glabrous, orange-speckled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Upper filament lightly attached, widened and bent, but not callous, 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 9–11 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Style glabrous, gradually curved, tapering, penicillate, 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Pod horizontal, ± 4 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, slightly upturned towards the tip, the persistent tomentose style-base bent sharply downwards, densely silvery-brown tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000204076 morphology D9DF9886-95D4-47E1-9D6F-3736D9848900 Seeds 6–9, oblong-ovoid, well separated, longitudinal, 3 × 2 × 1.2 mm.; hilum two-fifths along the side, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520869-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 More or less erect annual or short-lived perennial herb up to 130 cm. tall; stems densely pubescent, the hairs appressed or, less often, spreading, white or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Leaf-rhachis, including a petiole of 2–7 mm., up to 5 cm. long, prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules triangular-acuminate, 2–4 mm. long; leaflets 5–15, linear or, less often, oblanceolate, 2.5–4(rarely –7) cm. long, 1.5–4(rarely –6) mm. wide, glabrous or rarely pubescent above, densely silky beneath; lateral nerves usually obscure; margin thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Flowers pink or orange in terminal and axillary stiff open pedunculate pseudoracemes with ± 6–10 nodes; bracts ± 1 mm. long, the lowest sometimes replaced by a 1–3-foliolate leaf; bracteoles present at base of calyx; pedicels 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Calyx brown silky; tube 1–1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular-acuminate, 1–5 mm. long, the upper pair free to the base, a little shorter than the others. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Standard golden brown or white silky outside, 5–12 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Upper filament free or lightly attached, widened but neither callous nor bent above the base; filament-sheath 4–5 mm., free parts 1–2 mm., anthers 0.3–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Style glabrous, curved, penicillate, 1.6–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Pods horizontal or ascending, upcurved near the tip but the style-base deflexed, ± 5 cm. long by 3 mm. wide, brownish pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202981 morphology 8396EC02-C102-4980-993D-FDA6BFB76699 Seeds 9–12, longitudinal, olive green or mottled, oblong-ellipsoid, ± 2.5 × 1.5 × 0.7 mm.; hilum at one corner, with a large dull yellow wedge-shaped aril cupping the seed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520698-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Annual or short-lived perennial, with spreading branches, up to 70 cm. tall; stems densely or, in their lower parts, sparsely fulvous strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 5(–12) mm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular, attenuate, up to 4 or 5 mm. long; leaflets 7–19, narrowly cuneate-elliptic, rounded at the apex, up to 3 cm. long by 1 cm. wide, glabrous or, rarely, pubescent above, appressed silvery beneath; main lateral nerves ± 8 on each side, rather prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Flowers pink, in lax pseudoracemes and a few upper leaf-axils; bracts linear, up to 2 mm. long, persistent; pedicels up to 3 mm. in flower and 4 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Calyx appressed fulvous hirsute; tube 2 mm.; teeth triangular-acuminate, the upper pair free to base, 2 mm., lateral 2.5 mm., lower 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Standard appressed fulvous silky outside, ± 7 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Upper filament lightly attached, widened, but not callous or bent, 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 5 mm., free parts ± 2 mm., anthers 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Style glabrous, gently curved, penicillate, 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Pod spreading or somewhat ascending, slightly upcurved, ± 3.5 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, its beak slightly downcurved, dark brown with scattered fulvous hairs, darker and more copious at the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000202074 morphology EF345A8A-7A0E-4CAE-95A7-10B12ABD866F Seeds 9–10, longitudinal, brown; hilum ± one-third along the side, with a prominent white annular aril, not cupping the seed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520502-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 A short-lived perennial up to 60 cm. tall, the stems densely appressed silvery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Leaf-rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of under 2 mm., not or hardly prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular-subulate, up to 5 mm. long; leaflets 5–29, cuneate-elliptic or cuneate-oblong, up to 15 mm. long by 4 mm. wide, rounded or retuse at the apex, glabrous or, less often, shortly pubescent above, densely appressed silvery beneath, the principal nerves ± 7 on each side, not prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Flowers orange salmon in lax terminal pseudoracemes and upper leaf-axils; pedicels brown, ± 3 mm. long; bracts narrowly triangular, shorter; minute bracteoles sometimes present at calyx-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Calyx brown appressed tomentose; tube ± 2 mm. long; lowest tooth triangular, 3.5 mm. long; upper pair one-third united, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Standard golden-brown silky outside, 9 × 7 mm.; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Upper filament free, widened 1 mm. above base; filament-sheath ± 5 mm., free parts 1.5–2 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Style glabrous, slightly curved, penicillate, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Pod somewhat upcurved towards the tip with a slightly deflexed style-base, ± 4 cm. long by 3 mm. wide, silvery appressed tomentose at the sides, black on the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201683 morphology 16F7BB38-5386-435D-8F10-1A918C99ADB2 Seeds 5–9, smooth, longitudinal, rounded-oblong, ± 3.5 × 2 mm.; hilum subcentral, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520398-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Perennial herb with short often decumbent shoots from a woody base; stems appressed silvery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Leaf-rhachis up to 3 or 4 cm. long, including a petiole of 5–16 mm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules triangular or lanceolate, up to 4 mm. long; leaflets 5–9, usually 7, narrowly lanceolate or, especially in drier areas, linear, up to 4 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, appressed silvery beneath, glabrous or almost so above; chief lateral nerves about 7 on each side, somewhat prominent; margin thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Flowers pink, in pedunculate 2–12-flowered pseudoracemes, never in leaf-axils; bracts triangular, up to 2 mm. long; pedicels brown pubescent, up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Calyx brown tomentose; tube ± 2 mm. long; lobes ovate-triangular, acuminate, about as long, the 2 upper half united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Standard brown tomentose outside, ± 10 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Upper filament lightly attached, widened but not callous nor bent a little above the base; filament-sheath ± 7 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Style glabrous, twisted, curved, tapering, penicillate, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Pod straight or slightly upcurved towards the tip, the short beak somewhat deflexed, up to 4.5 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, densely covered with white and, chiefly at the margins, black hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000201716 morphology BC23A0A7-19C5-40E6-A1BF-C235526C64C9 Seeds 5–6, brown, longitudinal, ±3 × 2 × 1.2 mm.; hilum one-third along the side, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520404-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Annual or short-lived perennial 30–70 cm. tall; stems densely appressed silvery, often rather fulvous in their upper parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Leaf-rhachis up to 6 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–8 mm., not or but shortly prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 4 mm. long; leaflets 7–15, cuneate-oblong-oblanceolate, up to 35 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, ± rounded at the tip, more or less glabrous above, densely silvery and the midrib fulvous beneath; chief veins ± 8 on each side, prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Flowers pink or orange in stiff open pseudoracemes and also in upper leaf-axils; bracts subulate, ± 2 mm. long, persistent; pedicels up to 3 mm. in flower and 5 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Calyx densely tomentose with brown and silvery hairs; tube ± 2 mm. long; teeth triangular, the upper pair united to above the middle, together 3 mm. wide and 1.5 mm. long; lateral teeth 2 mm., the lowest 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Standard densely fulvous and silvery appressed silky outside, 12–14 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Upper filament lightly attached, widened, but not callous nor bent, 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 10 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Style curved, tapering, glabrous, penicillate, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Pod spreading, gently upcurved near the tip, up to 7.5 cm. long, ± 4 mm. wide, densely silvery at the sides and black or brown on the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000202930 morphology 8C654592-3F95-40C4-9E89-41B557B5B163 Seeds 9–12, smooth, longitudinal; hilum one-third along the side; aril minute, elliptical. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520687-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Perennial herb with straggling white or fulvous pubescent branches up to 70 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Leaf-rhachis up to 4(–6) cm. long, including a petiole of up to l(–2) cm., prolonged 2–5(–9) mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 6(–9) mm. long; leaflets 3–7, cuneate-elliptic or obovate, up to 25(–45) mm. long and 12(–23) mm. wide, the terminal larger than the laterals and the distal than the basal, rounded and apiculate at the tip, pubescent on both surfaces; main lateral nerves 6–9 on each side, reddish and rather prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Flowers in short open terminal pseudoracemes and in the upper leaf-axils; bracts narrowly triangular, persistent, 2–3 mm. long; pedicels 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Calyx pubescent; tube 2 mm. long; teeth triangular-acuminate, 2–3 mm. long, the upper pair free almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Standard grey pubescent outside, ± 10 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Upper filament lightly attached, dilated and bent, but not callous, 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 7 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Style glabrous, tapering, twisted, penicillate, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Pods shortly and stiffly pubescent, upturned towards the tip, but style-base bent sharply downwards, 4–5 cm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000203061 morphology AECA103A-FC1F-4559-80A1-A1DC450A050E Seeds 9–12, rugose, mottled, rhombic, sides ± 2 mm. long, diagonal 3 mm.; hilum subcentral, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520705-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F A decumbent perennial herb with long trailing hispid or pilose stems, ascending towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 1 cm., prolonged 2–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules triangular, ± 3 mm. long and 1 mm. wide; leaflets 7–17, usually 13, elliptic-oblong, sparsely pilose beneath; chief lateral nerves ± 7 on each side, prominent and red beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Flowers pinkish-purple in lax terminal pseudoracemes, a few also in upper leaf-axils; bracts subulate, up to 3 mm. long; pedicels ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Calyx reddish-brown, hispid; tube ± 2 mm. long; teeth triangular-acuminate, more or less equal, ± 3 mm. long, upper pair free almost to base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Standard white pubescent outside, ± 10 × 7 mm.; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Upper filament lightly attached, sharply widened and bent 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 5 mm., free parts 1–1.5 mm., anthers 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Style glabrous, sublinear, not twisted, sharply bent at base, incurved and not penicillate at tip, ± 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Pod curved, ± 2.5 cm. long by 5 mm. wide, very shortly hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000202179 morphology 44827399-009B-4E2D-BF8A-8B46C554382F Seeds 4–6, dark, longitudinal, kidney-shaped, flat, ±4 × 2.3 × 0.8 mm.; hilum central, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520531-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Erect or spreading annual or short-lived perennial herb, up to 80(–150) cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Leaf-rhachis up to 8 cm. long, including a petiole of under 1 cm., prolonged ± 3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular; leaflets 9–17(–21), elliptic-oblong, ± 2 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, truncate or rounded at the apex, shortly mucronate, sparsely striguloseto silky pubescent beneath; main nerves ± 7 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Flowers reddish-purple or bright pink, in slender lax leaf-opposed pseudoracemes, a few also in the upper leaf-axils; bracts narrowly triangular, ± 4 mm. long; pedicels ± 4 mm. long, pubescent or strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Calyx brown, appressed strigulose to spreading pubescent; tube ±1.5 mm. long; teeth narrowly triangular, the lowest ± 3 mm., others ± 2 mm. long, upper pair ± one-third united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Standard white pubescent outside, 6–9 mm. long and wide; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Upper filament lightly attached, widened, but not bent or callous, 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 6 mm., free parts ± 2 mm., anthers 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Style glabrous, linear, gently curved, ± 2.5 mm. long, not penicillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Pod gently upcurved towards the tip, 4–4.5(–6) cm. long, ± 4(–6.5) mm. wide, shortly strigulose; distance between the centres of adjacent seeds greater than the width of the pod; pubescent style-base horizontal or gently downcurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203860 morphology 363DFC06-C667-42CB-BCBE-A1155601D72B Seeds 6–9, mottled, longitudinal, subcylindrical, ± 3 mm. by 1.5 mm.; hilum central, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520851-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Annual or short-lived perennial with a well-developed taproot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Branches more or less prostrate and silvery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Stipules, at any rate those near the base of the plant, very slender, subulate, slightly curved, up to 7 or 8 mm. long; leaflets 4–6(rarely –9)-jugate, at least 4 times as long as wide, silvery beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Pedicels ± 3 mm. long, not longer than the longest of the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Standard white pubescent outside, broadly ovate, ± 5 mm. long, including the claw. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Filament-sheath 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Pod rarely over 3 cm. long, with short stiff usually spreading hairs, 4–7-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203262 morphology 5F506DFB-1087-4616-ADAB-732148ABBAF8 Seeds longitudinal, mottled, with a minute aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520736-1 wfo-0000203181 morphology 4362B283-EFB9-4510-A7B7-1C897967431B Perennial with a woody rootstock and prostrate or ascending slender branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520720-1 wfo-0000203181 morphology 4362B283-EFB9-4510-A7B7-1C897967431B Closely resembles T. purpurea subsp. leptostachya but the petiole is nearly always longer than the basal leaflets, the indumentum, which is either appressed or, more often, spreading, is fulvous, the leaflets rather thick and stiff, the rhachis of the inflorescence somewhat flattened and winged and the pods 4–6-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520720-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Erect briefly perennial subshrub, 0.5–1.5 m. tall; stems grey or fulvous tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of 2–10 mm., prolonged ± 5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules sublinear, up to 10 mm. long; leaflets 11–19, oblong-elliptic, up to 30 by 12 mm., rounded at apex, densely appressed pubescent beneath, with shorter sparser hairs above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Flowers pink or mauve in fairly dense terminal pseudoracemes and often also in upper leaf-axils; bracts narrowly triangular, persistent; pedicels stiffly tomentose, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Calyx fulvous pubescent, the hairs up to 1 mm. long; tube ± 2.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, long-acuminate, the lowest 4–6 or rarely 8 mm. long, the upper pair ± 4 mm., one-quarter united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Standard tomentose outside, ±11 mm. long, including a claw of 3 mm.; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Upper filament lightly attached, widened but not callous 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 8 mm., free parts 2–2.5 mm., anthers 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Style glabrous, linear, not twisted, bent sharply through 90° at the base and then straight, ± 4 mm. long, penicillate within at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Pod ascending, spreading or, less often, somewhat deflexed, but not hanging down parallel to the stem, up to 4.5 cm. long, 4.5–5 mm. wide, curved upwards towards the tip, in Flora area fulvous or grey tomentose, the hairs not over 1 mm. long; style-base not deflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204044 morphology 519CA938-52C1-4F98-89FD-A3E20D790BD4 Seeds 4–7, longitudinal, oblong, ± 4.5 mm. long by 2.5 mm. wide, dark, smooth or slightly muricate, the distance between centres about 6 mm.; hilum central, aril minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520868-1 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Annual or briefly perennial bushy herb 0.3–1.3 m. tall; stems tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Leaf-rhachis up to 10 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 10 mm., prolonged up to 7 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 8 mm. long; leaflets 11–15, cuneate-oblong or elliptic, up to 35 × 12 mm., densely appressed villous beneath, more sparsely so above; main nerves about 9 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Flowers purple in moderately dense terminal pseudoracemes and often also in upper leaf-axils; bracts narrowly triangular; pedicels densely tomentose, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Calyx densely tomentose, the hairs 1 mm. or more long; tube up to ± 2 mm. long; lobes long-acuminate, the lowest up to 8 mm. or more long, upper pair up to ± 7 mm. long, united for up to ± 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Standard densely fulvous tomentose outside, up to 11–15 mm. long, including a claw of ± 2 mm., up to 9–10 mm. wide; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Upper filament lightly attached, widened but not callous a little above the base; filament-sheath up to ± 6 mm., free parts up to 2–2.5 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Style glabrous, tapering, twisted, bent sharply upward at base, penicillate, up to 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Pod strongly curved usually becoming deflexed so that the base is often parallel with the stem, bent sharply up near the tip, up to 5.4 cm. long and up to 5–6 mm. wide, densely silvery or fulvous tomentose, the hairs often up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000204506 morphology 2856A5FC-DE37-40C5-8A80-888A5203A068 Seeds 6–12, muricate, longitudinal, oblong, ±4 × 2.5 mm., distance between their centres under 5 mm.; hilum central, aril small and strap-shaped or none. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1148851-2 wfo-0000203724 morphology 24C13C9C-0BFE-4483-B59C-1B3C9FD50188 Strongly resembles T. villosa subsp. ehrenbergiana except for the ovary and fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520826-1 wfo-0000203724 morphology 24C13C9C-0BFE-4483-B59C-1B3C9FD50188 Leaflets 7–17, usually 11–13, rarely more than 20 mm. long by 7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520826-1 wfo-0000203724 morphology 24C13C9C-0BFE-4483-B59C-1B3C9FD50188 Ovary 1-ovulate with traces of an abortive second ovule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520826-1 wfo-0000203724 morphology 24C13C9C-0BFE-4483-B59C-1B3C9FD50188 Pod sessile, or very shortly (0.5 mm.) stipitate, ovate, ± 11 mm. long by 6 mm. wide, 1-seeded, densely white tomentose (straw-coloured at the sutures), perhaps indehiscent; if split and one valve examined by transmitted light the veins which are strong and well marked near the sutures are seen to break up into a thin diffuse network near the centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520826-1 wfo-0000203455 morphology DE42A1C6-7A88-47FE-83D8-290599FF7AE1 Resembles T. polyphylla except that the hairs on the stems are rarely over 1 mm. long; the leaflets are usually narrower, over 2 cm. long and fewer (7–13, usually 9–11); the pod has a 2 mm. long stipe, is dehiscent, and the veins on each valve (when seen by transparency) form parallel bars crossing the valve diagonally, not weakening or breaking up into a diffuse network in the centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520775-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Stems erect, branched, up to 1 m. tall, sparsely strigulose with yellowish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of 4–12 mm., prolonged 0–5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules subulate, 2–3 mm. long; petiolules densely golden strigulose, 2 mm. long; leaflets 9–15, linear-oblong, up to 32 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, narrowed at the base, rounded and apiculate at the tip, glabrous above, sparsely strigulose beneath, minutely pellucid-punctate, with 5–6 principal nerves on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Pseudoracemes terminal and axillary, occasionally branched, up to 20 cm. long, including a peduncle of 2–8 cm.; bracts narrowly triangular, up to 1 mm. long; bracteoles absent; pedicels densely and minutely brown strigulose, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Calyx densely brown strigulose; tube 3 mm. long; upper teeth acuminate, 0.5 mm. long; lateral teeth broadly triangular, 1 mm. long; lowest tooth ovate, acute, 1.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Corolla white or pink within; standard densely brown strigulose outside, 11 mm. long including a 2 mm. claw, 12 mm. wide; wings and keel glabrous, their claws 4 mm., blades 8–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Upper filament attached to the others, sharply bent, callous and pubescent 1–2 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 7 mm. long, also callous and pubescent on the upper side 1–2 mm. above the base; free parts of filaments 2–3 mm., anthers 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Ovary densely and minutely strigulose, 7 mm. long, upcurved at the tip, usually 2-ovulate; style linear, glabrous except for a fringe of long hairs at the incurved tip, 0.7 mm. wide, 4 mm. long, erect in the flower, later outstretched along the axis of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201980 morphology 469362AD-224E-4401-A526-E4CA68CCD7BC Pod (immature) fiat, oblanceolate, ± 2 cm. long, minutely strigulose, 1- or rarely 2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520496-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Perennial from a woody rootstock; stems densely fulvous tomentose, up to 40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Disc large. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Stamens 8, to 16 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Style with terminal, inconspicuous stigma. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000733376 morphology FD609FF0-222F-40F7-B37E-B1956E339165 Fruit of 1–4 carpels, each a woody drupe, ellipsoid with an unilateral thin wing in the upper part, 4–5 cm long, laterally compressed, 2.5–3.7 cm wide and 1.3–1.9 cm thick, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814026-1 wfo-0000543281 morphology 1C3EA0F6-F926-4FF6-AEB3-744A89ED1324 Plants mostly 5–10(–14) cm. high, pale greenish yellow, slightly or not at all glaucous; internodes ± 7 mm. long and 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547930-1 wfo-0000543281 morphology 1C3EA0F6-F926-4FF6-AEB3-744A89ED1324 Staminate flowers 1.8 mm. high, consistently 3-merous, occasionally in whorls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547930-1 wfo-0000543281 morphology 1C3EA0F6-F926-4FF6-AEB3-744A89ED1324 Berries ± 3 mm. high, 1.5 mm. in diameter, rounded to the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547930-1 wfo-0000543281 morphology 1C3EA0F6-F926-4FF6-AEB3-744A89ED1324 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547930-1 wfo-0000357525 morphology C0B64684-C6FF-4353-9CDE-DB98C7818F2D Plants erect, usually 5–15 cm. high, often densely branched by the occurrence of collateral branches arising from the nodes, perhaps slightly woody at the base; internodes of lateral branches 5–15(–20) mm. long, 1–3(–4) mm. wide, strongly flattened and generally dilated at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548873-1 wfo-0000357525 morphology C0B64684-C6FF-4353-9CDE-DB98C7818F2D Fruit subpyriform, 1–2 mm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548873-1 wfo-0000357525 morphology C0B64684-C6FF-4353-9CDE-DB98C7818F2D Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548873-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Leafy monoecious small yellow-green globose shrubby clusters up to 50 cm. high; internodes of distal branches somewhat flattened and delicate, 6-ribbed, (10–)15–20(–25) mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide; older branches rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Leaves rather variable, obovate-elliptic, 18–25(–30) mm. long, 8–13 mm. wide, rounded-obtuse apically, basally cuneate, conspicuously 3(–5)-nerved from the base, relatively thin and less coriaceous than in many species of Viscum, margin often somewhat crisped; petiole indistinct, ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Bracteal cups narrowly pedunculate, 2–3 mm. long, up to 0.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Dichasia with the central flower staminate and the lateral flowers pistillate, or with all the flowers of the same sex, solitary in the axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Style present, but minute; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Berries ellipsoid-globose, 4–5 mm. high, smooth, white, ± sessile; tepals (at least some) persistent in fruit, tepalar ring-scar 0.5–1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000424469 morphology 4C92EACF-F668-4F8B-B72F-8AB272C3F645 Fig. 3/1–6 (p. 8). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552577-1 wfo-0000425048 morphology 6BEA77EF-5592-4E0E-9324-FFDB0EB4584C Leafy dioecious often relatively small globose shrubs up to 50 cm. high; internodes of distal branches 25–40 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, rounded to somewhat angled, the nodes often dilated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552308-1 wfo-0000425048 morphology 6BEA77EF-5592-4E0E-9324-FFDB0EB4584C Leaves highly variable, elliptic-ovate to oblong, 4–6(–10) cm. long, 2–4 cm. wide, apically obtuse-rounded, cuneate into the base, the margins sometimes crisped, conspicuously 3-veined on both surfaces; petiole 2–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552308-1 wfo-0000425048 morphology 6BEA77EF-5592-4E0E-9324-FFDB0EB4584C Bracteal cups of both sexes pedunculate, 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552308-1 wfo-0000425048 morphology 6BEA77EF-5592-4E0E-9324-FFDB0EB4584C Flowers of both sexes occurring mostly in triads (but occasionally with up to 6 flowers). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552308-1 wfo-0000425048 morphology 6BEA77EF-5592-4E0E-9324-FFDB0EB4584C Style distinct at maturity; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552308-1 wfo-0000425048 morphology 6BEA77EF-5592-4E0E-9324-FFDB0EB4584C Berries subsessile (stipe less than 1 mm.), ellipsoid, 6–9 mm. high, truncated apically, smooth, greenish white, translucent; tepalar ring-scars 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552308-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Leafy dioecious shrubs up to 1–2 m. long, often pendulous, deep green; internodes of distal branches 30–50 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, rounded and generally ribbed when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Leaves highly variable, mostly elongate, ovate-oblong to obovate-oblong, 3–8 cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, apically rounded, basally cuneate, but with a definite petiole, 3–5 mm. long, typically 3(–5)-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Bracteal cups pedunculate, 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Flowers of both sexes sessile and mostly borne in triads (but with up to 5 flowers). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Style distinct, ± rectangular, the stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Berries ovoid-ellipsoid, 6 mm. high, smooth, yellow to dull orange, ± subsessile; tepalar ring-scar 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001247815 morphology 6B5B1E0D-2821-422C-B3FE-76B9F1F584FC Fig. 3/9–10 (p. 8). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552357-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Leafy dioecious mostly erect plants ± 50 cm. high, sometimes pendulous with age, dark green; internodes of distal branches rounded, often ridged, 20–40 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Leaves elliptic-ovate, 2–4 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, apically rounded-obtuse, basally cuneate, faintly 3–5-nerved; petiole indistinct, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Bracteal cup shortly pedunculate, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Staminate flowers elongate, subsessile, in dyads or triads. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Pistillate flowers primarily in triads, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Style cylindric, 1 mm. long; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Berries subsessile, ovoid, 5 mm. high, densely but minutely tuberculate over entire surface, dull pinkish brown; tepalar ring-scar 3.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0001075081 morphology A7C41372-0765-4C33-BF13-96C882749F55 Fig. 3/7–8 (p. 8). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003150-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Leafy monoecious densely branched often globose shrubs up to 50 cm. high, pale yellow to dark green; internodes of distal branches 15–20 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, rounded, usually ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Leaves highly variable, spathulate-oblanceolate to obovate-rotund, 15–40 mm. long, 15–45 mm. wide, apically rounded, basally cuneate, sometimes prominently 3-veined, margins often slightly yellowish or minutely whitish crenulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Bracteal cups sessile, often numerous in dense axillary clusters, the nodes of older stems often conspicuously swollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Flowers of both sexes sessile, usually unisexual in triads or dyads of the same sex, occasionally single, sometimes also in dichasia with a central pistillate flower subtended laterally by 2 staminate flowers. Approximately two-thirds of the flowers at younger internodes are pistillate; the older nodes bear virtually pistillate flowers alone. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Style distinct, 0.5 mm. long, slightly enlarged basally; stigma slightly or not at all expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Berries sessile, ovoid, 5–6 mm. high, densely tuberculate when young to moderately tuberculate or nearly smooth at maturity, orange; tepalar ring-scar 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000424458 morphology 258C1263-148B-401C-B643-9E6694C79960 Fig. 3/11 (p. 8). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552584-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Leafy monoecious (but dichasia typically unisexual) densely branched relatively small erect shrubs up to 50 cm. high; internodes of distal branches 20–30 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, distinctly flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, 3–4 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, apically rounded-obtuse, basally cuneate without a well-defined petiole, conspicuously 3-veined on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Bracteal cups on peduncles 3–7 mm. long, dichasia usually unisexual (bracteal cups bearing staminate flowers apparently with shorter peduncles and occurring with much less frequency than those bearing pistillate flowers). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Flowers of both sexes generally occurring in triads (rarely up to 5). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Style absent; stigma a minute rounded knob surrounded by a slight depression at the summit of the otherwise flattened ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Berries on a 1 mm. long pedicel, ellipsoid, 4 mm. high (possibly immature), ?smooth, pale white; tepalar ring-scar up to 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0000425063 morphology 4A6C064F-D5B2-436E-B8F2-DBD9CBF42D11 Fig. 3/12 (p. 8). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552327-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Leafy dioecious shrubs; stems erect and then pendent, up to 1 m. long; internodes of distal branches 25–35 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, distinctly flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Leaves at only some nodes (sometimes deciduous), obovate-elliptic, somewhat falcate, 30–45(–60) mm. long, 10–15(–25) mm. wide, apically rounded-obtuse, basally cuneate, 3(–5)-veined; petiole indistinct. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Bracteal cups on short peduncles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Staminate and pistillate flowers sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Staminate flowers in triads (rarely more). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Style apparently indistinct; stigma rounded on the elevated summit of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Berries densely tuberculate and moderately to strongly turbinate when young, but becoming oblong when older (mature fruit unknown, but more than 4 mm. high). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001247818 morphology 0B3A0273-297B-4E57-8F72-40DCD720E9F6 Fig. 3/13 (p. 8). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552423-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Leafless monoecious shrubs up to 1 m. or more long, often pendulous with age; internodes of distal branches 10–25 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, essentially rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Bracteal cups of both staminate and pistillate flowers essentially sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Both staminate and pistillate flowers borne singly and sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Staminate flowers often uncommon (less than 10% ) or seemingly absent at certain periods; anthers forming a central porate synandrium not adnate to the tepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Style not markedly differentiated; stigma rounded, at the summit of the upward-sloping ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Berries orange, subpedicellate (less than 1 mm. long, sometimes obscured by the bracteal cup), elliptic-orbicular, 5 mm. high, generally smooth; tepalar ring-scar 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001075848 morphology 9F87A828-E47A-40F0-92F6-83B259E176F8 Fig. 4/3–4 (p. 15). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552273-1 wfo-0001247820 morphology 2DB7B814-186C-40FA-9F96-A64896911C0C Leafless dioecious relatively stout but small, 30–50 cm. high, erect coarse open shrubs with all branches rounded; internodes of distal branches 20–30 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003151-1 wfo-0001247820 morphology 2DB7B814-186C-40FA-9F96-A64896911C0C Bracteal cups of pistillate flowers sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003151-1 wfo-0001247820 morphology 2DB7B814-186C-40FA-9F96-A64896911C0C Staminate flowers in triads. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003151-1 wfo-0001247820 morphology 2DB7B814-186C-40FA-9F96-A64896911C0C Pistillate flowers borne singly and sessile in the bracteal cup (as revealed by the fruit). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003151-1 wfo-0001247820 morphology 2DB7B814-186C-40FA-9F96-A64896911C0C Style indistinct; stigma minute, emerging directly from the summit of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003151-1 wfo-0001247820 morphology 2DB7B814-186C-40FA-9F96-A64896911C0C Berry sessile, rotund, 5 mm. high, 6 mm. in diameter, carmine red; tepalar ring-scar 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003151-1 wfo-0001247821 morphology EAE2088D-F21F-4CA7-81E2-1DAFFE54F9A8 Leafless dioecious shrubs of moderate size, ± 50 cm. high, sometimes pendulous, medium green; internodes of distal branches 15–20 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, essentially rounded, delicately tapered to 1 mm. or less wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552564-1 wfo-0001247821 morphology EAE2088D-F21F-4CA7-81E2-1DAFFE54F9A8 Bracteal cups sessile, sometimes obscured by the subtending nodal scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552564-1 wfo-0001247821 morphology EAE2088D-F21F-4CA7-81E2-1DAFFE54F9A8 Staminate and pistillate flowers sessile and occurring mostly singly in the bracteal cups. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552564-1 wfo-0001247821 morphology EAE2088D-F21F-4CA7-81E2-1DAFFE54F9A8 Style minute but distinct, 0.5 mm. long; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552564-1 wfo-0001247821 morphology EAE2088D-F21F-4CA7-81E2-1DAFFE54F9A8 Berries sessile to subsessile, orbicular, 3 mm. high, orange-red; tepalar ring-scar 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552564-1 wfo-0001075868 morphology 72ECC87C-523C-45F9-BFF1-4BA902D24B2A Leafless monoecious relatively small, ± 10–30 cm. high, erect densely branched shrubs; internodes of distal branches 10–15 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, rounded to slightly compressed on youngest growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997536-1 wfo-0001075868 morphology 72ECC87C-523C-45F9-BFF1-4BA902D24B2A Bracteal cups sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997536-1 wfo-0001075868 morphology 72ECC87C-523C-45F9-BFF1-4BA902D24B2A Staminate and pistillate flowers borne singly and subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997536-1 wfo-0001075868 morphology 72ECC87C-523C-45F9-BFF1-4BA902D24B2A Staminate flowers with the anthers forming a central synandrium, the tepals often yellow, the staminate flowers often uncommon or rare (less than 10%). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997536-1 wfo-0001075868 morphology 72ECC87C-523C-45F9-BFF1-4BA902D24B2A Style indistinct; stigma a rounded prominence emerging from the summit of the fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997536-1 wfo-0001075868 morphology 72ECC87C-523C-45F9-BFF1-4BA902D24B2A Berries sessile, rotund, 3 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997536-1 wfo-0001247824 morphology CC0F6A87-47BC-4CE3-806C-033F336E3D3A Leafless dioecious erect shrubs ± 30 cm. high; internodes of distal branches 10–20 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, rounded to slightly compressed on youngest growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003154-1 wfo-0001247824 morphology CC0F6A87-47BC-4CE3-806C-033F336E3D3A Bracteal cups sessile, inconspicuous and often obscured by the nodal scale-leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003154-1 wfo-0001247824 morphology CC0F6A87-47BC-4CE3-806C-033F336E3D3A Staminate and pistillate flowers borne sessile and singly (staminate flowers rarely in dyads). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003154-1 wfo-0001247824 morphology CC0F6A87-47BC-4CE3-806C-033F336E3D3A Style indistinct; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003154-1 wfo-0001247824 morphology CC0F6A87-47BC-4CE3-806C-033F336E3D3A Berries sessile to subsessile, rotund-ellipsoid, 3 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003154-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Leafless dioecious much-branched relatively small greyish shrub 30–50 cm. high; internodes of distal branches 15–20 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, rounded, tapering to ± 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Bracteal cups subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Staminate flowers in triads or dyads. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Style minute but distinct, ± 0.5 mm. long; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Berries (immature) on 1–2 mm. long pedicels, ellipsoid, 5 mm. high, colour at maturity unknown (deep green when fresh, but drying to purple at this stage), lightly to moderately tuberculate; tepalar ring-scar 3–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001075076 morphology 4A700FED-4207-48B1-AE85-8798284514CF Fig. 4/1–2 (p. 15). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003156-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Leafless dioecious relatively large coarse shrubs more than 2 m. long, usually pendulous, yellow-green; internodes of distal branches 15–25 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Bracteal cups of pistillate flowers with a short but distinct peduncle 1 mm. long, sessile in staminate plants. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Staminate flowers sessile, mostly in triads or dyads, sometimes borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Style minute but distinct, slightly enlarged basally; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Berries on 1–2 mm. long pedicels, obovoid-ellipsoid, 6 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001074281 morphology A0E2EF55-38C6-4D0C-829F-02C2FA6058E6 Fig. 4/6 (p. 15). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552393-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Leafless monoecious shrubs to 1 m. or more long, often pendulous with age; internodes of distal branches 15–25(–30) mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, essentially rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Bracteal cup sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Staminate and pistillate flowers borne singly and sessile, the bracteal cup inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Staminate flowers often infrequent or rare (less than 20%), the anthers forming a central porate synandrium, not adnate to the tepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Style indistinct; stigma rounded, terminating the slightly elevated summit of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Berries on 1–2 mm. long pedicels, ovoid-rotund, 6 mm. high, moderately tuberculate when immature, lightly tuberculate to nearly smooth at maturity, orange; tepalar ring-scar 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001075023 morphology CD72F7C9-E8E8-4502-BFD8-9F7B1881D8E0 Fig. 4/5 (p. 15). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1003158-1 wfo-0001247827 morphology 11D6D0BA-E8A9-45BD-BBA8-0CCDF197DF38 Leafless dioecious erect relatively small shrubs 0.3–0.5 m. high; internodes of distal branches flattened and narrowed, 10–15 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552379-1 wfo-0001247827 morphology 11D6D0BA-E8A9-45BD-BBA8-0CCDF197DF38 Bracteal cups of both sexes sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552379-1 wfo-0001247827 morphology 11D6D0BA-E8A9-45BD-BBA8-0CCDF197DF38 Staminate flowers and pistillate flowers solitary and sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552379-1 wfo-0001247827 morphology 11D6D0BA-E8A9-45BD-BBA8-0CCDF197DF38 Style minute but distinct, 0.5 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552379-1 wfo-0001247827 morphology 11D6D0BA-E8A9-45BD-BBA8-0CCDF197DF38 Berries on 1 mm. long pedicels, ovoid, 3 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar slightly swollen, 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552379-1 wfo-0001247827 morphology 11D6D0BA-E8A9-45BD-BBA8-0CCDF197DF38 Fig. 5/1–2 (p. 20). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552379-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Leafless dioecious relatively large but delicate shrubs, older plants forming long pendulous masses to 2 m.; internodes of distal branches flattened and narrowed, 20–30 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Bracteal cups sessile, short, less than 1 mm. long, often obscured by the subtending leaf-scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Staminate flowers mostly borne singly, occasionally in dyads or triads, sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Style not evident; stigma somewhat expanded at the summit of the ovary that is gradually elevated from the margin of the tepalar scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Capsule obovoid to narrowly obconical, ± 8-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000815377 morphology 9C2E000E-4077-4BF6-9E5B-7158904318B1 Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, compressed, 0.35–0.45 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143412-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Annual erect herb, 6–35 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Stem branching from near the base or unbranched, triangular and rather broadly winged, sparsely pubescent with long hairs or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Leaves up to 11–30 mm. long, 6–14 mm. wide, elliptic to broadly ovate, gradually narrowing upwards, acute or subacute at the apex, gradually or abruptly narrowing below into a petiole-like base, serrate-dentate, sparsely pubescent on both sides or glabrous at least beneath; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Flowers in lax terminal and axillary leafy racemes; pedicels up to 9–15 mm. long, usually upcurved near the apex in fruit, usually finely papillose; upper bracts linear or lanceolate, equalling or shorter than pedicels; bracteoles 0.3–0.4 mm. long, linear, at or near the base of the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Hypanthium obovoid to narrowly obconical, 8–10-nerved, glabrous or occasionally sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Calyx-lobes subulate, erect or spreading, 1.6–3.2 mm. long, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Corolla 3–4.5 mm. long, blue to pale violet, split to 0.5–0.8 mm. from the base on the back, pubescent with ± retrorse hairs inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Filaments attached to the corolla-tube at the base, the 2 lower pubescent below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Anther-tube 0.6–0.8 mm. long, pubescent or glabrous on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Capsule obovoid to narrowly obconical, 8–10-nerved, with 2 valves ± 1 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 2.5–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000814178 morphology B7FD62C6-3D43-4C26-828F-4BBB1E43CB1E Seeds elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, ± 0.4 mm. long, very finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142913-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Perennial, prostrate, mat-forming herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Stems up to several dm. long, rooting at the nodes, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Leaves with lamina narrowly ovate to suborbicular or subreniform, 3–7 mm. long, 2–6 mm. wide, rounded to subacute at the apex, truncate to cordate or attenuate at the base, dentate or crenate, glabrous or ± pubescent above only; petiole up to 3 mm. long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Flowers scattered in leaf-axils; pedicels 1–10 (–28) mm. long, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles at the base of the pedicel, linear, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Hypanthium subglobose to obconical, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Calyx-lobes 1–2(–4.5) mm. long, entire, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Corolla 4–7 (–10) mm. long, blue with 2 whitish bumps in the mouth of the tube, split on the back to 0.5–1 mm. from the base, glabrous or pubescent outside, pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Filaments connate above, ± pubescent, attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Anther-tube 0.8–1.2 (–1.4) mm. long, glabrous or hairy on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Capsule glabrous or pubescent, with 2 valves 0.5–1.5 mm. long; inferior part of capsule 2–3.5 mm. long, usually subglobose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000815038 morphology DB969D65-69BA-4403-AF72-DDE44BC20209 Seeds elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.5–0.6 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143564-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Perennial, prostrate or decumbent herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Stems up to several dm. long, rooting at least at the lower nodes, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Leaves with lamina broadly ovate to suborbicular, 8–20 mm. long, 6–20 mm. wide, acute to subacute at the apex, subcordate to broadly cuneate at the base, dentate usually with fairly broad and blunt teeth, ± pubescent above, glabrous beneath; petiole 2–15 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Flowers scattered in leaf-axils; pedicels 5–16(–27) mm. long, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles at the base of the pedicel, linear, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Hypanthium obconical, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Calyx-lobes 3–(–5) mm. long, entire, glabrous or ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Corolla 8–10.5 mm. long, blue with 2 whitish bumps in the mouth of the tube, split on the back to 0.5–1 mm. from the base, practically glabrous outside, pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Filaments connate above, at least the 2 anterior ones pubescent at the base, all attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Anther-tube 1.2–1.6 mm. long, hairy on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Capsule glabrous or pubescent, with 2 ± distinct valves 1–1.5 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 3.5–7 mm. long, ± oblong-obconical. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814468 morphology 32D2D7EE-A4E4-4C78-8C0B-AFAD9AA82878 Seeds elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.5–0.6 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143147-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Perennial, decumbent herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Stems up to 0.5 m. long, rooting at lower nodes, with ascending flowering shoots, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Leaves with lamina elliptic to suborbicular, (5–)8–15 mm. long, (4–)7–15 mm. wide, acute at the apex, ± cuneate at the base, prominently dentate or doubly dentate, appressed pubescent above, less densely so or glabrous beneath; petiole 1.5–10 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Flowers scattered in upper leaf-axils; pedicels 15–50 mm. long, glabrous or shortly pubescent; bracteoles at or near the base of the pedicel or rarely near the middle, linear, 0.8–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Hypanthium obconical, glabrous or shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Calyx-lobes 1.2–5 mm. long, entire or with a single tooth at the margin, ± ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Corolla 10–18 mm. long, blue with whitish markings and 2 bumps in the mouth of the throat, split on the back to 0.6–2 mm. from the base, glabrous or papillose at the base outside, pubescent inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Filaments connate above, the 2 anterior ones pubescent at the base, all attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Anther-tube 1.6–2.2 mm. long, pubescent on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Ovary semi-inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Capsule glabrous or shortly pubescent, with 2 valves 1.2–2 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 2–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000814721 morphology 37280A38-E777-49CB-A15A-7BC92971AD25 Seeds elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.55–0.6 mm. long, finely striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:902473-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Prostrate herb, often mat-forming. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Stems up to several dm. long, rooting at the nodes, fairly robust, branching, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Leaves with lamina ovate to suborbicular or reniform, up to (5–)8–13(–22) mm. long, (5–)8–13(–22) mm. wide, rounded or slightly emarginate at the apex, cordate to shortly cuneate at the base, very shallowly crenate to subentire, glabrous or pubescent above; petioles up to 5–15 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Flowers scattered in the leaf-axils, often appearing on short lateral branches; pedicels 2–16 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles at or near the base of the pedicel, linear, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Hypanthium subglobose to obconical, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Calyx-lobes (1.6–) 2–5 mm. long, entire, glabrous or occasionally with a few cilia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Corolla 6–11.5 mm. long, blue with 2 longitudinal usually whitish crests in the mouth of the tube, split to the base on the back, glabrous outside, pubescent inside at the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Filaments glabrous, connate above and at least the anterior ones attached to the corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Anther-tube ± 1.5 mm. long, shortly pubescent on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a tuft of hairs and a hyaline appendage at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Ovary inferior; style not broadened at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Capsule glabrous or pubescent, thin-walled and indehiscent, without apical valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000815304 morphology D718CEC0-22F6-41F8-9F3B-33479B5B542A Seeds elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, ± 0.5 mm. long, striate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143488-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Perennial herb, 10–50 cm. tall, ± erect from a decumbent base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Stems few-many, ribbed, glabrous to ± sparsely appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Leaves oblanceolate or spathulate, up to 12–45 mm. long and 3–9(–12) mm. wide, subacute to rounded at the apex, attenuate below into a petiole-like base, glabrous or ± sparsely appressed pubescent on both sides, crenate-serrate; venation distinct beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Flowers in lax 2–13-flowered pedunculate racemes; pedicels 3–15(–27) mm. long, erect in fruit, strigose; bracts lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2–7 mm. long, entire, ciliate; bracteoles usually at or near the base of the pedicel, but sometimes higher up, linear-lanceolate, 1.2–2.4 mm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Hypanthium broadly obconical, somewhat oblique, ± 8-nerved, strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 2–4 mm. long, entire, glabrous to shortly ciliate, somewhat gibbous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Corolla (11–)13–18 mm. long, pink, mauve, purple or rarely blue or white, with 2 longitudinal yellowish or whitish crests in the mouth of the tube, split to the base on the back, glabrous or usually at least with a few hairs on the outside of the upper lobes, papillose inside near the mouth of the tube; lower lip 5–10 mm. long, with obovate lobes 2–4 mm. wide; upper lobes lanceolate, recurved, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Filaments connate above, attached to corolla-tube at the base, densely pubescent on the inside in the upper part, otherwise glabrous or the 2 lower filaments puberulous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Anther-tube 2–2.4 mm. long, all anthers densely hairy at the apex, otherwise glabrous or rarely sparsely pilose on the connectives on the back. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Ovary semi-inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Capsule ± 8-nerved, strigose, with 2 valves 2–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, trigonous, 0.8–1 mm. long, very finely reticulate, dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814431 morphology AC7AFDD0-2638-427C-B7D7-89EF4405C891 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143383-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Annual or perennial ± erect or ascending herb from a taproot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Stems few–many, 15–70 cm. tall, ribbed, ± densely hirsute with ± spreading hairs at least below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Leaves oblanceolate to obovate or elliptic, up to 15–55 mm. long and 7–22 mm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, attenuate into a petiole-like base or cuneate at the base, hirsute on both sides but with ± appressed hairs above, erenate-serrate; venation distinct beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Flowers in lax 3–10-flowered pedunculate racemes; pedicels 3–12 mm. long, erect in fruit, strigose; bracts lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2–5.5 mm. long, entire; bracteoles usually at or near the base of the pedicel, but sometimes higher up, linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Hypanthium broadly obconical to hemispherical, somewhat oblique, 8-nerved, ± strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 2–4 mm. long, entire, glabrous to shortly ciliate, somewhat gibbous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Corolla 8–13(–14) mm. long, pink, mauve, purple or rarely white, with 2 longitudinal yellowish crests in the mouth of the tube, split to the base on the back, pubescent outside on the lobes, rarely glabrous, papillose inside near the mouth of the tube; lower lip 5–6 mm. long, with obovate-oblong lobes ± l.5–2.5 mm. wide; upper lobes lanceolate, ± recurved, 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Filaments connate above, attached to corolla-tube at the base, densely pubescent on the inside in the upper part, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Anther-tube 1.2–2 mm. long, all anthers densely hairy at the apex, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Ovary semi-inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Capsule ± 8-nerved, ± strigose, with 2 valves 2–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000814444 morphology BFB29AE6-9B62-439C-8D38-B4F1C2207CD1 Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, trigonous, ± 1 mm. long, very finely reticulate, brown to almost black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143325-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Perennial erect herb from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Stems few–many, 15–80 cm. tall, rather coarse, ribbed, pubescent with short spreading or ± appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Leaves sessile, linear to ovate, up to 10–16 mm. long and 1.2–9 mm. wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, truncate at the base, shortly often appressed pubescent on both sides, mainly at the margins and along the midvein beneath; margin entire or denticulate; venation, at least the midvein, distinct beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Flowers in ± lax 4–7(–15)-flowered pedunculate racemes; pedicels 5–18(–30) mm. long, densely strigulose to white pubescent; bracts lanceolate, 3–6 (–10) mm. long, entire; bracteoles usually at or near the base of the pedicel, linear, 1–3(–5) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Hypanthium broadly obconical, ± oblique, ± 8-nerved, strigulose to densely white pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 3–7 mm. long, entire, glabrous to sparsely strigulose or pubescent, somewhat gibbous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Corolla 16–23 mm. long, pink or mauve with 2 longitudinal crests in the mouth of the tube, split to the base on the back, pubescent outside, papillose inside, at least near mouth of the tube; lower lobes obovate-oblong, 7–13 mm. long; upper lobes lanceolate, recurved, 5–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Filaments ± pilose on upper part, connate above, attached to corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Anther-tube 2.4–3 mm. long; all anthers densely hairy at the apex and ± pilose on the connectives outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Ovary semi-inferior to semisuperior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Capsule ± 8-nerved, strigulose to densely white pubescent, with 2 valves 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000815227 morphology A37A2307-E818-4FE3-9903-0121359027C5 Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, trigonous, 0.8–1 mm. long, very finely reticulate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143641-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Perennial procumbent or straggling, rarely erect, herb up to 70 cm. long, often rooting at lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Stems ribbed or narrowly winged, ± pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Leaves with the lamina narrowly to very broadly ovate or triangular, up to 25–80 mm. long and 15–50 mm. wide, acute to acuminate at the apex, cuneate or truncate to subcordate at the base, ± pubescent on both sides but mainly on the nerves; petiole up to 15–30 mm. long; leaf-margin coarsely dentate or serrate; venation prominent, particularly beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Flowers in lax, 2–6(–12)-flowered, shortly pedunculate racemes; pedicels up to 5–12 mm. long, ± pubescent; bracts linear, 2–7.5 mm. long, sometimes broadest above the middle; bracteoles usually near the base of the pedicel, linear, up to 1.5 mm. long, often broadened at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Hypanthium narrowly to broadly obconical, 8–10-nerved, sparsely appressed pubescent in the lower part to spreading pubescent all over. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular or linear, sometimes broadest above the middle, often ± recurved, 2.5–7.5 mm. long, ciliate and often with a few hairs also on the midvein, somewhat gibbous at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Corolla 13–30 mm. long, white, mauve, or blue with darker markings in throat, with 2 longitudinal crests in the mouth of the tube, split to the base on the back, glabrous or ± pubescent on the lobes outside, puberulous inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Filaments pubescent below except sometimes for the upper one, puberulous inside at the top, connate or almost free above, attached to corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Anther-tube 2–3 mm. long, all anthers penicillate at the apex, otherwise glabrous or sparsely pubescent on the connectives outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Ovary subinferior to semi-inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Capsule 8–10-nerved, ± pubescent, with 2 valves 2.5–4 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000814699 morphology 70B0CDF9-19BF-4DF6-B86B-F16D74801311 Seeds elliptic-oblong to broadly elliptic in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.9–1.2 mm. long, distinctly reticulate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142985-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Procumbent, straggling or erect herb, 10–80 cm. long, from a decumbent base, often rooting at lower nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Stems ribbed or narrowly winged, subglabrous to sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Leaves with the lamina narrowly to broadly ovate or triangular, up to 15–70 mm. long and 10–40 mm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, cuneate or truncate at the base, ± pilose on both sides but mainly on the nerves; petiole up to 5–30 mm. long; leaf-margin coarsely dentate or serrate; venation prominent, particularly beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Flowers in lax, 2–6-flowered, pedunculate or sessile racemes; pedicels up to 1–5(–8) mm. long, glabrous or ± pubescent; bracts linear, 3–8(–12) mm. long; bracteoles usually near middle or top of pedicel, linear, up to 1.5 mm. long, broadened at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Hypanthium narrowly obconical, 8–10-nerved, glabrous or ± pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Calyx-lobes linear, 2–5(–7) mm. long, ciliate and often with a few hairs also on the midvein. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Corolla 7–10 mm. long, white, mauve, blue or violet with darker markings in throat, with 2 longitudinal crests in the mouth of the tube, split to the base on the back, pilose at least on the lobes outside or glabrous, puberulous inside on the bottom of the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Filaments pubescent below except sometimes for the upper one, puberulous inside at the top, connate above, attached to corolla-tube at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Anther-tube 1.2–1.6 mm. long, the 2 lower anthers shorter than the others; all anthers penicillate at the apex, otherwise glabrous or sparsely pilose on the connectives outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Ovary subinferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Capsule 8–10-nerved, glabrous or ± pilose, with 2 valves 2–3.5 mm. long, inferior part of capsule 6–13 mm. long, tending to split longitudinally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000815190 morphology 8785C414-853C-4703-AC88-BE803416EF38 Seeds elliptic to suborbicular in outline, somewhat compressed, 0.7–1 mm. long, striate, pale or reddish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:143359-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Annual or short-lived perennial herb, usually rhizomatous, prostrate, ascending or erect, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Stems usually numerous, 2–20 cm. long, somewhat sulcate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Leaves usually numerous, rather fleshy, up to 3–15 mm. long and 1–6 mm. wide, linear to elliptic, ovate or spathulate, acute or obtuse at the apex, sessile or narrowing at the base into a short petiole, entire or rarely minutely denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Flowers in upper leaf-axils; bracteoles linear, 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, oblique, somewhat drawn out in the upper part on the ventral side, making the calyx bilabiate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Calyx-lobes triangular, erect, 1–2 mm. long, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-4000004710 morphology 6C2A7885-6783-4A7B-AF13-E6E04D950FFC Annual or perennial herbs; branching often trichotomous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002965-2 wfo-4000004710 morphology 6C2A7885-6783-4A7B-AF13-E6E04D950FFC Leaves opposite or subopposite, scabrid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002965-2 wfo-4000004710 morphology 6C2A7885-6783-4A7B-AF13-E6E04D950FFC Capitula in lax cymes or solitary at branch forks, heterogamous, radiate or disciform; involucre bracts subequal; receptacle paleate, the paleae clasping the florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002965-2 wfo-4000004710 morphology 6C2A7885-6783-4A7B-AF13-E6E04D950FFC Ray florets white, in 1–2 rows with short ray, fertile; disc florets distally campanulate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002965-2 wfo-4000004710 morphology 6C2A7885-6783-4A7B-AF13-E6E04D950FFC Achenes 3-gonous, often compressed; pappus of 2–5 barbellate bristles and often of unequal, shortly connate scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002965-2 wfo-4000023603 morphology 7213708F-7689-40F2-A408-EA80F65D5740 Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes scandent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326928-2 wfo-4000023603 morphology 7213708F-7689-40F2-A408-EA80F65D5740 Leaves opposite, usually scabrid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326928-2 wfo-4000023603 morphology 7213708F-7689-40F2-A408-EA80F65D5740 Capitula solitary or in lax cymes, shallowly hemispheric, sometimes becoming globose in fruit (in M. scandens), radiate (in Africa); involucre 2–3-seriate, the inner scarious and sheathing the achenes; receptacle paleate, the paleae enveloping the disc florets and usually obovate with ciliate upper margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326928-2 wfo-4000023603 morphology 7213708F-7689-40F2-A408-EA80F65D5740 Ray florets conspicuous, style in these florets present or absent; disc florets tubular or nearly so, narrowed proximally; style branches narrowing to an acute apex or thickened just below the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326928-2 wfo-4000023603 morphology 7213708F-7689-40F2-A408-EA80F65D5740 Achenes obovoid or obconical, compressed to 3-angled; pappus of 0–12 often unequal bristles, ?deciduous or fragile. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326928-2 wfo-4000037293 morphology E24A1470-CD12-4125-A223-5B21E7D53C51 Annual herbs, erect or procumbent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331996-2 wfo-4000037293 morphology E24A1470-CD12-4125-A223-5B21E7D53C51 Leaves opposite, simple, 3-veined from base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331996-2 wfo-4000037293 morphology E24A1470-CD12-4125-A223-5B21E7D53C51 Capitula axillary or terminal, small, usually in glomerules but sometimes solitary, heterogamous; involucre with few phyllaries, the outer foliaceous, the inner resembling the paleae and enveloping the marginal achenes; receptacular paleae subtending the internal florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331996-2 wfo-4000037293 morphology E24A1470-CD12-4125-A223-5B21E7D53C51 Ray florets 3–8, fertile; disc florets 5–10, hermaphrodite, fertile, with 4 corolla lobes and 4 stamens, the anthers sagittate and with obtuse or truncate apical appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331996-2 wfo-4000037293 morphology E24A1470-CD12-4125-A223-5B21E7D53C51 Achenes of marginal florets ellipsoid, compressed, with winged margins; pappus of 2–3 short awns urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331996-2 wfo-4000037293 morphology E24A1470-CD12-4125-A223-5B21E7D53C51 Achenes of inner florets compressed, wings present or absent, tuberculate on one surface; pappus of 2(–4) awns. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331996-2 wfo-4000003335 morphology 1AA80ABB-7B28-4B95-AC42-760C8C798F84 Annual or perennial herbs, less often shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328472-2 wfo-4000003335 morphology 1AA80ABB-7B28-4B95-AC42-760C8C798F84 Leaves opposite, scabrid or hispid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328472-2 wfo-4000003335 morphology 1AA80ABB-7B28-4B95-AC42-760C8C798F84 Capitula terminal, solitary or in lax cymes, or axillary and in congested corymbs, radiate; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, the outer herbaceous, the inner scarious; receptacle with conduplicate paleae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328472-2 wfo-4000003335 morphology 1AA80ABB-7B28-4B95-AC42-760C8C798F84 Ray florets with the ray 2-lobed at apex, with or without style, not producing mature achenes; disc florets tubular; anther bases obtuse or shortly sagittate, thecae and appendages often black; style branches gradually narrowing, pubescent at margins urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328472-2 wfo-4000003335 morphology 1AA80ABB-7B28-4B95-AC42-760C8C798F84 Achenes obovoid, compressed, pubescent; pappus a laciniate cupule, often with a few setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328472-2 wfo-4000020424 morphology EBA93BFE-D320-40EF-A342-2D262D454162 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331693-2 wfo-4000020424 morphology EBA93BFE-D320-40EF-A342-2D262D454162 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331693-2 wfo-4000020424 morphology EBA93BFE-D320-40EF-A342-2D262D454162 Capitula in dense glomerules surrounded by foliose bracts, these glomerules in turn in cymose or racemose inflorescences; phyllaries connate; capitula usually 1-flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331693-2 wfo-4000020424 morphology EBA93BFE-D320-40EF-A342-2D262D454162 Flowers bisexual; style branches attenuate, pilose on abaxial side; anther appendages narrowly ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331693-2 wfo-4000020424 morphology EBA93BFE-D320-40EF-A342-2D262D454162 Pappus of few scales or bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331693-2 wfo-4000024785 morphology 7CD76572-83FF-4AC6-AF70-22C6258327EC Shrubs, lianas or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012581-2 wfo-4000024785 morphology 7CD76572-83FF-4AC6-AF70-22C6258327EC Leaves opposite, often lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012581-2 wfo-4000024785 morphology 7CD76572-83FF-4AC6-AF70-22C6258327EC Capitula many, in terminal panicles; involucre 1–2-seriate, the outer phyllaries leafy, the inner scarious; paleae scarious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012581-2 wfo-4000024785 morphology 7CD76572-83FF-4AC6-AF70-22C6258327EC Ray florets neuter, white; inner florets hermaphrodite, with auriculate anthers and recurved style branches urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012581-2 wfo-4000024785 morphology 7CD76572-83FF-4AC6-AF70-22C6258327EC Achenes usually compressed, black, glabrous; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012581-2 wfo-4000034713 morphology F6001254-0D08-49C2-A8F6-B1FA31C28543 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10962-1 wfo-4000034713 morphology F6001254-0D08-49C2-A8F6-B1FA31C28543 Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite near the base of the plant, simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10962-1 wfo-4000034713 morphology F6001254-0D08-49C2-A8F6-B1FA31C28543 Capitula in leafy cymes, radiate; phyllaries in 1 series, few and leafy; receptacle paleae clasping the florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10962-1 wfo-4000034713 morphology F6001254-0D08-49C2-A8F6-B1FA31C28543 Ray florets with a very small ray; disc florets 4–5-lobed; anthers with apical appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10962-1 wfo-4000034713 morphology F6001254-0D08-49C2-A8F6-B1FA31C28543 Achenes obovoid; pappus absent or of a small rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10962-1 wfo-4000038490 morphology 4FE16EBC-32D3-4559-BE0A-45AFDA0B14B8 Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11315-1 wfo-4000038490 morphology 4FE16EBC-32D3-4559-BE0A-45AFDA0B14B8 Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite near the base, 3-veined from base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11315-1 wfo-4000038490 morphology 4FE16EBC-32D3-4559-BE0A-45AFDA0B14B8 Capitula solitary on long lateral peduncles which thicken near apex, heterogamous, radiate; phyllaries 2–5-seriate; paleae clasping disc florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11315-1 wfo-4000038490 morphology 4FE16EBC-32D3-4559-BE0A-45AFDA0B14B8 Ray florets sterile, 2–3-toothed; disc florets tubular, 5-lobed; anthers with sagittate base and apical appendage; style-arms hairy abaxially urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11315-1 wfo-4000038490 morphology 4FE16EBC-32D3-4559-BE0A-45AFDA0B14B8 Achenes oblong; pappus a crown of free scales, usually with 1–2 awns. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11315-1 wfo-4000015233 morphology 862BE2A5-618D-4C89-9D84-CF65AFE6960B Annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8998-1 wfo-4000015233 morphology 862BE2A5-618D-4C89-9D84-CF65AFE6960B Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8998-1 wfo-4000015233 morphology 862BE2A5-618D-4C89-9D84-CF65AFE6960B Capitula terminal or in upper axils, stalked, heterogamous, radiate; involucre 1–3-seriate; paleae flat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8998-1 wfo-4000015233 morphology 862BE2A5-618D-4C89-9D84-CF65AFE6960B Ray florets female, ray 3-lobed, disc florets hermaphrodite, cylindric, the basal part narrow, 5-toothed; anthers obtuse at base; style arms densely papillose-pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8998-1 wfo-4000015233 morphology 862BE2A5-618D-4C89-9D84-CF65AFE6960B Achenes obovoid, those of ray florets enclosed by a group of phyllaries and paleae; pappus of linear or narrow scales with or without terminal awns, but sometimes absent in ray florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8998-1 wfo-4000039108 morphology DB00C18C-5BAB-402F-B773-B4E8E12F8A0C Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11368-1 wfo-4000039108 morphology DB00C18C-5BAB-402F-B773-B4E8E12F8A0C Leaves opposite (or alternate in non-weedy species) urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11368-1 wfo-4000039108 morphology DB00C18C-5BAB-402F-B773-B4E8E12F8A0C Capitula terminal, solitary on long stalks (or paniculate in non-weedy species), radiate or discoid; involucre 1–5-seriate; paleae linear and keeled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11368-1 wfo-4000039108 morphology DB00C18C-5BAB-402F-B773-B4E8E12F8A0C Ray florets female; disc florets hermaphrodite, cylindric; anthers with sagittate base and terminal appendage; style arms linear, pubescent, style-base with globose swelling urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11368-1 wfo-4000039108 morphology DB00C18C-5BAB-402F-B773-B4E8E12F8A0C Achenes with pappus of many plumose bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11368-1 wfo-4000000154 morphology CC527B0E-A231-438B-ADAB-23B4FEC88108 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7389-1 wfo-4000000154 morphology CC527B0E-A231-438B-ADAB-23B4FEC88108 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7389-1 wfo-4000000154 morphology CC527B0E-A231-438B-ADAB-23B4FEC88108 Capitula solitary, axillary or in branch forks, sessile or shortly stalked, heterogamous, radiate, enlarging in fruit; involucre of two series, the outer herbaceous, the inner closely enveloping the outer florets; receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7389-1 wfo-4000000154 morphology CC527B0E-A231-438B-ADAB-23B4FEC88108 Outer florets female, radiate with small ray; style branches strongly divergent, linear and obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7389-1 wfo-4000000154 morphology CC527B0E-A231-438B-ADAB-23B4FEC88108 Inner florets bisexual but functionally male, campanulate or infundibuliform; style branches connate, club-shaped; anthers with truncate bases and ovate apical appendix urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7389-1 wfo-4000000154 morphology CC527B0E-A231-438B-ADAB-23B4FEC88108 Achenes of the female florets covered by the indurate and echinate phyllaries, the achene itself smooth; achenes in disc florets abortive; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:7389-1 wfo-4000013512 morphology 1D7FEC30-2E78-4A8D-9A0F-79A05D13B78C Perennial herbs of wet habitats urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8793-1 wfo-4000013512 morphology 1D7FEC30-2E78-4A8D-9A0F-79A05D13B78C Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8793-1 wfo-4000013512 morphology 1D7FEC30-2E78-4A8D-9A0F-79A05D13B78C Capitula axillary, sessile or subsessile, radiate or disciform; involucre with 4–6 phyllaries in opposite pairs, the outer leafy; paleae sheathing the florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8793-1 wfo-4000013512 morphology 1D7FEC30-2E78-4A8D-9A0F-79A05D13B78C Ray florets in 1–several rows, female, the ray short, 3–4-dentate, or absent; disc florets hermaphrodite, fertile or the innermost sterile, tubular, 5-lobed; anthers obtuse at base, with terminal appendage; style arms linear, puberulous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8793-1 wfo-4000013512 morphology 1D7FEC30-2E78-4A8D-9A0F-79A05D13B78C Achenes surrounded by paleae, oblong, compressed; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8793-1 wfo-4000016364 morphology 0C0D4424-5DF6-443F-B9A9-20C9CF99D912 Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331636-2 wfo-4000016364 morphology 0C0D4424-5DF6-443F-B9A9-20C9CF99D912 Leaves opposite or rarely ternate, the upper leaves often alternate, dotted with resin/oil drops on lower leaf surface urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331636-2 wfo-4000016364 morphology 0C0D4424-5DF6-443F-B9A9-20C9CF99D912 Capitula terminal, solitary or in cymes or panicles, radiate; involucre 2-seriate, the outer leafy, the inner grading into the paleae; paleae 3-veined, the inner keeled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331636-2 wfo-4000016364 morphology 0C0D4424-5DF6-443F-B9A9-20C9CF99D912 Ray florets female with 3-dentate ray; disc florets cylindric, with pubescent tube, 5-lobed; anthers obtuse or sagittate at base, with apical appendage; style arms short and pilose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331636-2 wfo-4000016364 morphology 0C0D4424-5DF6-443F-B9A9-20C9CF99D912 Achenes black or brown, obovoid to obconical, the ray-floret achenes 3-angled, the inner 4-angled; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331636-2 wfo-4000024017 morphology B9CC5C2B-83EF-425C-9CBA-2771EE9E956C Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10028-1 wfo-4000024017 morphology B9CC5C2B-83EF-425C-9CBA-2771EE9E956C Leaves opposite, simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10028-1 wfo-4000024017 morphology B9CC5C2B-83EF-425C-9CBA-2771EE9E956C Capitula in panicles, radiate; receptacle flat urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10028-1 wfo-4000024017 morphology B9CC5C2B-83EF-425C-9CBA-2771EE9E956C Phyllaries 2-seriate; paleae enveloping the achenes and lower part of florets urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10028-1 wfo-4000024017 morphology B9CC5C2B-83EF-425C-9CBA-2771EE9E956C Ray florets small, minutely 2-lobed; disc florets 4-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10028-1 wfo-4000024017 morphology B9CC5C2B-83EF-425C-9CBA-2771EE9E956C Achenes ovoid-oblong; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:10028-1 wfo-4000035346 morphology B6DA56CA-3C83-4760-9870-72A01B1B493A Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11017-1 wfo-4000035346 morphology B6DA56CA-3C83-4760-9870-72A01B1B493A Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11017-1 wfo-4000035346 morphology B6DA56CA-3C83-4760-9870-72A01B1B493A Capitula in lax panicles, heterogamous; involucre of 3–5 phyllaries with stalked glands; receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11017-1 wfo-4000035346 morphology B6DA56CA-3C83-4760-9870-72A01B1B493A Ray florets 1-seriate, female, inconspicuous; disc florets hermaphrodite, 3–5-lobed; anthers with minute apical appendage; style branches short and flattened urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11017-1 wfo-4000035346 morphology B6DA56CA-3C83-4760-9870-72A01B1B493A Achenes usually incurved; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11017-1 wfo-4000004584 morphology 48A7ACA5-7DD5-4061-ADEF-0FBE0F8E4C7E Annual or perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433909-2 wfo-4000004584 morphology 48A7ACA5-7DD5-4061-ADEF-0FBE0F8E4C7E Leaves opposite, simple or variously compound with segments linear to broadly ovate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433909-2 wfo-4000004584 morphology 48A7ACA5-7DD5-4061-ADEF-0FBE0F8E4C7E Capitula radiate, terminal, solitary or arranged in cymes; involucre of usually green outer phyllaries and variously coloured inner phyllaries; paleae membranous, usually oblong-linear, 2–many-striate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433909-2 wfo-4000004584 morphology 48A7ACA5-7DD5-4061-ADEF-0FBE0F8E4C7E Ray florets neuter with aristate or exaristate ovary or pistillate and fertile with well developed achenes and aristae, rays yellow or orange, rarely white (B. pilosa L.) or lemon-yellow, striate; disc florets yellow to brownish, corolla 5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433909-2 wfo-4000004584 morphology 48A7ACA5-7DD5-4061-ADEF-0FBE0F8E4C7E Achenes compressed or angled, striate-sulcate, ribbed, unmargined or margins narrowly winged or callose-thickened; at apex with or without aristae, aristae with or without antrorse and or retrorse barbs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433909-2 wfo-4000009452 morphology FA530EC7-B8EF-41D5-BB25-B33DEA67F3C0 Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8410-1 wfo-4000009452 morphology FA530EC7-B8EF-41D5-BB25-B33DEA67F3C0 Leaves opposite, pinnatisect or simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8410-1 wfo-4000009452 morphology FA530EC7-B8EF-41D5-BB25-B33DEA67F3C0 Capitula terminal and solitary or in few-headed terminal or axillary cymes, radiate; involucre often fleshy at base, the phyllaries connate at base, 2-seriate with the outer leafy and the inner scarious; paleae present urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8410-1 wfo-4000009452 morphology FA530EC7-B8EF-41D5-BB25-B33DEA67F3C0 Ray florets neuter; disc florets many, anthers with ovate or cordate apical appendage; style branches truncate, with caudate appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8410-1 wfo-4000009452 morphology FA530EC7-B8EF-41D5-BB25-B33DEA67F3C0 Achenes fusiform, and typically attenuate into a beak; pappus absent or of retrorsely barbed aristae urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8410-1 wfo-4000009452 distribution FA530EC7-B8EF-41D5-BB25-B33DEA67F3C0 About 30 species from the Americas; some species cultivated. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8410-1 wfo-4000008173 morphology E19F975C-B9A0-46D3-B174-D9A0D151E760 Annual or rarely perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30011907-2 wfo-4000008173 morphology E19F975C-B9A0-46D3-B174-D9A0D151E760 Leaves alternate or all radical urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30011907-2 wfo-4000008173 morphology E19F975C-B9A0-46D3-B174-D9A0D151E760 Capitula terminal or axillary to upper leaves, solitary, heterogamous, radiate; involucre 1–2-seriate; paleae flat, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30011907-2 wfo-4000008173 morphology E19F975C-B9A0-46D3-B174-D9A0D151E760 Ray florets pistillate; disc florets hermaphrodite; anthers sagittate at base; style bifid, the branches densely papillose urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30011907-2 wfo-4000008173 morphology E19F975C-B9A0-46D3-B174-D9A0D151E760 Achenes oblong, with thick pale margins those of disc florets flattened; pappus absent or reduced to a small disc urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30011907-2 wfo-4000008173 distribution E19F975C-B9A0-46D3-B174-D9A0D151E760 Ten pantropical species. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30011907-2 wfo-4000015796 morphology B2CC6C3C-92D9-4AED-9428-DC48CBF81000 Annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9060-1 wfo-4000015796 morphology B2CC6C3C-92D9-4AED-9428-DC48CBF81000 Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite or rosulate, pinnatisect or simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9060-1 wfo-4000015796 morphology B2CC6C3C-92D9-4AED-9428-DC48CBF81000 Capitula solitary or few together, radiate; involucre 1–4-seriate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9060-1 wfo-4000015796 morphology B2CC6C3C-92D9-4AED-9428-DC48CBF81000 Ray florets female or neuter, yellow-white or purple; disc florets often functionally male, often 4-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9060-1 wfo-4000015796 morphology B2CC6C3C-92D9-4AED-9428-DC48CBF81000 Achenes compressed; pappus of 2 aristae or a crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:9060-1 wfo-4000001561 morphology 6C77A7A2-9A16-4F01-90FE-58649D723DD2 Annual or perennial herbs, less often shrubs, aromatic urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327075-2 wfo-4000001561 morphology 6C77A7A2-9A16-4F01-90FE-58649D723DD2 Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327075-2 wfo-4000001561 morphology 6C77A7A2-9A16-4F01-90FE-58649D723DD2 Capitula unisexual, monoecious urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327075-2 wfo-4000001561 morphology 6C77A7A2-9A16-4F01-90FE-58649D723DD2 Male capitula small, in racemes or spikes; involucre cupuliform, of connate phyllaries; corolla tubular; anthers ± free, with linear apical appendage; ovary abortive urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327075-2 wfo-4000001561 morphology 6C77A7A2-9A16-4F01-90FE-58649D723DD2 Female capitula solitary, axillary to upper leaves but below male heads, sessile, 1-flowered; involucre enveloping the achene, becoming hardened, with 4–6 small spines; corolla absent; style branches long and linear, exserted from involucre urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327075-2 wfo-4000001561 morphology 6C77A7A2-9A16-4F01-90FE-58649D723DD2 Achenes ovoid, smooth, enveloped in hardened involucre; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327075-2 wfo-4000028264 morphology FAE82C35-6C28-463A-9EA5-222B0634202C Herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002961-2 wfo-4000028264 morphology FAE82C35-6C28-463A-9EA5-222B0634202C Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002961-2 wfo-4000028264 morphology FAE82C35-6C28-463A-9EA5-222B0634202C Capitula in terminal panicles, radiate, heterogamous; involucre with phyllaries in 2–3 series; receptacle paleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002961-2 wfo-4000028264 morphology FAE82C35-6C28-463A-9EA5-222B0634202C Female florets with minute rays; disc florets infundibuliform; anthers with apical appendage, obtuse at base; style of ray florets bifid, of disc florets entire and obtuse urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002961-2 wfo-4000028264 morphology FAE82C35-6C28-463A-9EA5-222B0634202C Achenes of ray florets compressed, keeled, enveloped by phyllary and two paleae; pappus of 2 recurved awns enclosed in the paleae. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002961-2 wfo-4000040868 morphology 718CE62C-B8EF-4B3D-99C0-93B576DA9C90 Annual herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11557-1 wfo-4000040868 morphology 718CE62C-B8EF-4B3D-99C0-93B576DA9C90 Leaves alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11557-1 wfo-4000040868 morphology 718CE62C-B8EF-4B3D-99C0-93B576DA9C90 Capitula unisexual, monoecious, axillary or terminal, discoid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11557-1 wfo-4000040868 morphology 718CE62C-B8EF-4B3D-99C0-93B576DA9C90 Male capitula globose, many-flowered; involucre with few phyllaries; receptacle paleate; corolla subcylindric, 5-dentate; anthers with minute apical appendage; style undivided urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11557-1 wfo-4000040868 morphology 718CE62C-B8EF-4B3D-99C0-93B576DA9C90 Female capitula beneath the male, 2-flowered; involucre connate, 2-beaked at apex and covered with hooked bristles; corolla absent; style bifid urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11557-1 wfo-4000040868 morphology 718CE62C-B8EF-4B3D-99C0-93B576DA9C90 Achenes enclosed in the hardened involucre; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11557-1 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Perennial herbs, poorly branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Inflorescence a lax terminal cyme, with foliaceous bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Involucre 1–2-seriate, spreading and then reflexed with age, phyllaries basally connate; receptacle flat becoming convex with age, deeply alveolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Florets hermaphrodite, corolla white, funnel-shaped or almost cylindrical, tube sparsely glandular-hairy, lobes short, triangular with distal collar of dense long hairs which mat the corollas together; anther-bases obtuse, apical appendages obtuse, broader than long; style yellow, arms swollen and flattened, glabrous or with few short black hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Mature achenes oblong, slightly curved, distinctly 3-angled with distinct apical nectary urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000000670 morphology 9E545795-0E0E-4440-89B2-97584D7E26F3 Carpopodium distinct, asymmetrical; pappus of pegs, connate about the nectary, tipped with dark brown, viscid, glandular knobs. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30031155-2 wfo-4000036777 morphology A304A96C-8810-4176-BC42-630E8728E040 Perennial herbs, shrubs or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11173-1 wfo-4000036777 morphology A304A96C-8810-4176-BC42-630E8728E040 Leaves alternate, opposite or ternate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11173-1 wfo-4000036777 morphology A304A96C-8810-4176-BC42-630E8728E040 Inflorescence paniculate or corymbose; involucral bracts 4–12 in few series; receptacle glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11173-1 wfo-4000036777 morphology A304A96C-8810-4176-BC42-630E8728E040 Florets with corolla funnel-shaped or nearly tubular, lobes triangular; anther filaments basally thick, apical anther appendages ovate; style branches linear to filiform or with clavate apices urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11173-1 wfo-4000036777 morphology A304A96C-8810-4176-BC42-630E8728E040 Achenes 5–8-ribbed, often setuliferous with distinct carpopodium; pappus of many scabrid bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:11173-1 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Annuals or short-lived sub-shrubby perennials urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Leaves (l–)3(–5)-foliolate; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 1 cm. long, becoming blackish; rhachis including petiole 6–25 mm. long, the petiole usually longer than the rest of the rhachis which may be almost absent; leaflets glabrous or almost so above; lateral nerves numerous, prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Flowers purple in subsessile subcapitate fulvous tomentose pseudoracemes; bracts linear, up to 1 cm. long; pedicels ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Calyx brown tomentose; tube 3–4 mm. long; teeth triangular, long-acuminate, the lowest 5–9 mm. long, the upper pair 4–7 mm., united for 1–2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Standard golden tomentose outside, 18–25 mm. long, ± 15 mm. wide; keel glabrous or slightly tomentose near the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Upper filament free, slightly dilated a little above the base; filament-sheath 12–15 mm., free parts 4–5 mm., anthers 1.1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Cup-shaped disc between ovary and filaments ±1.5 mm. deep. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Style pubescent, curved, 7–10 mm. long; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Pod almost straight, though the upper suture is more convex than the lower, ascending, densely brownish tomentose, up to 4.5 cm. long, ± 1 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000201998 morphology 9D749125-973C-4115-BFEE-0A386EFD7AA2 Seeds 5–8, diagonally transverse, mottled, elliptic; hilum at one corner, hardly arillate; funicle thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520498-1 wfo-0000203307 morphology 06C2AF2D-7C1B-42EB-9C37-71CEE396DAD6 Resembles T. dasyphylla subsp. amplissima but the petiole as distinct from the 1–3 mm. long basal pulvinus is absent, the unifoliolate leaves are up to 10 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, the calyx-teeth hardly longer than the tube and the young pods are definitely downwards curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520754-1 wfo-0000201662 morphology 207E0670-7156-47BF-9CD4-72A3E94083ED Closely related to T. dasyphylla and T. muenzneri. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520397-1 wfo-0000201662 morphology 207E0670-7156-47BF-9CD4-72A3E94083ED Leaves 3–5-foliolate; petiole very short (up to 2 mm.), much shorter than the rest of the rhachis which is up to 13 mm. long; stipules silvery, up to 5 mm. long; leaflets up to 10 cm. long and 4 cm. wide, densely appressed silvery beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520397-1 wfo-0000201662 morphology 207E0670-7156-47BF-9CD4-72A3E94083ED Bracts about half as long as the pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520397-1 wfo-0000201662 morphology 207E0670-7156-47BF-9CD4-72A3E94083ED Upper calyx-teeth ± 1 mm. long, lowest ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520397-1 wfo-0000201662 morphology 207E0670-7156-47BF-9CD4-72A3E94083ED Ovules 7–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520397-1 wfo-0000201662 morphology 207E0670-7156-47BF-9CD4-72A3E94083ED Pod unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520397-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Erect herb about 60 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Stems, leaf-rhachides and undersurface of leaflets densely covered with short silvery appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Leaves 5–7-foliolate, some of the upper ones 1–3-foliolate; stipules triangular, up to 5 mm. long and 1.2 mm. wide; rhachis up to 3.5 cm. long, including a petiole of 2–4 mm., not, or by only 1–2 mm., prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets elliptic- or linear-oblong, up to 55 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, acute, rounded or retuse at the apex, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Flowers pale mauve in shortly pedunculate moderately dense terminal and axillary pseudoracemes, a few also in the axils of the upper reduced leaves; bracts narrowly triangular, up to 7 mm. long and 1 mm. wide; pedicels up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Calyx silvery, the teeth brownish silky; tube 4 mm. long; teeth triangular-acuminate, the upper pair free from each other, 4 mm. long, the lowest 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Standard golden-brown silky outside, 17 mm. long, 15 mm. wide; wings and keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Upper filament free, abruptly widened and thickened 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 12 mm., free parts 2 mm., anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Ovary with a 1 mm. stipe, ± 8 mm. long, densely silky; style tapering, not flattened, 9 mm. long, gently curved 4 mm. above the base, long-pubescent on its inner (adaxial) surface, very shortly pubescent on the distal part of the abaxial surface; stigma capitate; ovules 5–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000202812 morphology 4FF8531D-6DA1-4E7B-9A41-CE6D01D17CFA Very young fruit ascending, densely silky tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520657-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Short-lived perennial up to 2 m. tall; indumentum on stems dense, spreading, brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Leaf-rhachis up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 5 mm., prolonged 0–1 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipules triangular, up to 6 mm. long; leaflets 3–9, cuneate-oblanceolate, up to 40 mm. long and 11 mm. wide, rounded, truncate or slightly retuse at the apex, glabrous or sparsely short-pubescent above, appressed silvery beneath, the midrib fulvous; nerves somewhat prominent, very numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Flowers orange-yellow in terminal short subumbellate pseudoracemes; pedicels up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Calyx densely brown tomentose; teeth long-acuminate, the lowest up to 11 mm. long, much longer than the upper. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Standard densely brown tomentose outside, up to 12 mm. long; blade of keel broader than long, pubescent along the suture. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Filament-sheath 7 mm. long, free parts 4–5 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long; upper filament bent and thickened at the base and then firmly attached to the sheath for 2–4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Style 5–7 mm. long, pubescent in its sharply curved lower part, then glabrous and pubescent again on the inner face for 1–3 mm. below the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Pod more or less horizontal, slightly upcurved or straight, ± 5 cm. long by 9 mm. wide, the style-base pointing slightly downwards, densely brown tomentose with silvery hairs at the sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000185865 morphology 9D7C5653-FA9C-4660-9274-991E7BA360EA Seeds 6–7, oval, mottled, longitudinal, ± 5 mm. by 3 mm.; hilum at the narrower basal end of the seed; aril large, conspicuous, greenish, wedge-shaped, ± 2.6 mm. long by 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520954-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Rootstock perennial, woody; stems often reddish, sparsely strigulose, 30–40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 4 cm., prolonged up to 7 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules linear-oblong, up to 8 mm. long; leaflets 1–11, usually 3–9, cuneate-oblong, up to 10 cm. long and 25 mm. wide, rounded or emarginate at the apex, glabrous above, sparsely strigulose beneath, the nerves prominent on both surfaces, often reddish, ± 10 chief ones on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Pseudoraceme terminal, 4–14 cm. long, moderately dense on a peduncle often longer than itself; bracts short, triangular, very caducous; pedicels up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Calyx shortly golden tomentose; teeth triangular, the upper pair connivent, half united, ±1.5 mm. long, the lateral 2 mm., the lowest 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Corolla mauve, the standard golden brown silky tomentose outside, ± 16 mm. long by 15 mm. wide; keel glabrous, ± 10 mm. from base to bend and 10 mm. from bend to tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Upper filament lightly attached, callous, bent and widened 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 9 mm., free parts 5–6 mm., anthers 1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Ovules 3–5; style ± 10 mm. long, bent sharply near the base, pubescent throughout, tapering gradually to a fine point. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Pod ascending, slightly downcurved, ± 4.5 cm. long by 8 mm. wide, minutely stiff-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000203638 morphology 89E063BE-4485-4AD1-A067-872383A0C4AF Seeds (immature) 2–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520806-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 More or less prostrate perennial herb; indumentum of stems, leaf-rhachides and calyx spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Leaves 5–11-foliolate; stipules narrow, 3–10 mm. long; rhachis, including a petiole of up to 35 mm., up to 8 cm. long, not prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets linear-oblong, up to 35 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous above, appressed pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Inflorescence a short pedunculate terminal pseudoraceme, subcapitate at the tip but with 2–3 separated nodes below; bracts narrowly triangular, 3–4 mm. long; pedicels 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Calyx with a mixture of brown and white hairs, ± 6 mm. long, the teeth with acuminate tips, the upper 2 ± 1–2 mm., the lowest ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Standard golden-brown tomentose outside, rose within, ± 8 mm. long and 10 mm. wide; wings and keel glabrous, pink or white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Upper filament lightly attached, callous and bent 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Style bent through 110° at the base then straight, pubescent within and in its upper half outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Pod straight, more or less horizontal, ± 4 cm. long and 5 mm. wide, brownish pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000204249 morphology 98E8CD8A-3FC4-4D00-AF6E-6D0CC88B3733 Seeds 4–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520897-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Closely related to T. sengaënsis with which it may well prove to be conspecific when more material is available. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 An erect plant up to 1 m. tall, perhaps annual or biennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Hairs on stems and leaf-rhachides usually appressed, but not those on the calyx and pods. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Leaflets up to 4 cm. long and 12 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Terminal pseudoracemes laxer with up to 12 separate nodes, axillary pseudoracemes condensed and subcapitate as in T. sengaënsis; pedicels up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Upper calyx-teeth under 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Standard up to 11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000202823 morphology 54991671-9B21-4EB2-95EF-9CC326EA91C7 Pods up to 5 cm. long, up to 8-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520658-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Annual or short-lived perennial 50–140 cm. tall; stems closely appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Leaf-rhachis, including a petiole of 5–13 mm., up to 10 cm. long, not prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; petiolules densely pubescent, the terminal up to 2.5 mm. long; stipules subulate, up to 8 mm. long; leaflets 5–17, elliptic-oblong or cuneate-oblong, up to 6 cm. long and 14 mm. wide, glabrous above, sparsely whitish strigulose beneath, the midrib yellowish; lateral nerves closely spaced, parallel, with pellucid dots between them. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Flowers in long lax, sometimes branched, appressed pubescent pseudoracemes, sometimes a few in upper leaf-axils also; bracts subulate, persistent, 2–4 mm. long; pedicels brown, up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Calyx golden-brown, gland-dotted, appressed strigulose; tube ± 2 mm. long; upper teeth connate almost to the tip, lateral triangular, 1.3 mm. long, lowest subulate, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Standard golden silky outside, usually mauve within, kidney-shaped, 8–9 mm. long, ± 11 mm. wide; wings mauve; keel often white, glabrous; all petals gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Upper filament lightly attached, callous near the base; filament-sheath 5–7 mm., free parts 2–4 mm., anthers ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Style linear, pubescent on both sides, curved through 90° near the base, then straight, ± 5 mm. long and 0.3–0.4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Young pod ascending, greenish-white with appressed hairs, slightly upcurved, the beak more or less straight, ± 5 cm. long and 3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203820 morphology 5FD40A56-4F31-4310-A06A-A258F2DF82AE Seeds 8–9, longitudinal, dark olive-green, 4 mm. × 2 mm. × 1.6 mm.; aril 2 mm. by 0.5 mm., extending from the middle to one end of the seed and having a thin transparent wing which covers about one-third of the seed on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520849-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Perennial with a woody rootstock; stems prostrate or more often ascending, like the leaf-rhachides sparsely or less often densely appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Leaves (l–)3–5(–9)-foliolate, the petiole up to 4 or even 8 cm. long, usually longer than the rest of the rhachis; stipules narrowly triangular, up to 1 cm. long, often blackish; leaflets linear or narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, up to 12 cm. long, usually not above 5 mm. wide but up to 10 mm. in Zambia and Tanganyika, ending in a stout blackish often recurved mucro, glabrous above, appressed pubescent beneath, the hairs not sufficiently dense to hide the surface; lateral nerves very numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Flowers in terminal pseudoracemes; bracts linear, up to 7 mm. long; pedicels 3–5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Calyx brownish pubescent; teeth triangular, about as long as the tube or with acuminate tips and a little longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Corolla pink or purple; standard 12–18 mm. long; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Upper filament lightly attached, callous and bent 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 10–12 mm., free parts 2–4 mm., anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Style bent sharply upwards near the base, then straight, linear, pubescent, 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Pod ascending, slightly upcurved, 5–6 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, stiffly and shortly fulvous or white spreading pubescent; style-base straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000203095 morphology F7DD0B36-D803-4327-B66C-AAA3B87E6A9B Seeds 11–14, mottled, longitudinal, oblong-ellipsoid, ± 3 × 2 × 1.2 mm.; hilum two-fifths along one side, the aril small, white, annular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77083721-1 wfo-0000204355 morphology D9639813-80CC-4494-86A4-A6ECC831202B Annual with a taproot and rather slender branched glabrous or sparsely hairy stems, up to 150 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520929-1 wfo-0000204355 morphology D9639813-80CC-4494-86A4-A6ECC831202B Leaves (l–)5–9(–13)-foliolate; stipules linear, up to 18 mm. long; rhachis sparsely pubescent, up to 18 cm. long, the petiole, except in the lower few-foliolate leaves, much shorter than the rest of the rhachis; leaflets linear to linear-oblong or the lower ones ± elliptic, up to 10 or sometimes 20 cm. long, usually under 5, sometimes up to 12, mm. wide, glabrous above, appressed pubescent beneath, the hairs not hiding the surface; lateral nerves very numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520929-1 wfo-0000204355 morphology D9639813-80CC-4494-86A4-A6ECC831202B Flowers in long stiff lax terminal or axillary pseudoracemes, the leaves subtending the upper axillary pseudoracemes often reduced to bracts so that the inflorescence becomes compound; bracts narrowly triangular, 2–5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels 4–8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520929-1 wfo-0000204355 morphology D9639813-80CC-4494-86A4-A6ECC831202B Calyx pubescent, 3–6 mm. long; teeth triangular, about as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520929-1 wfo-0000204355 morphology D9639813-80CC-4494-86A4-A6ECC831202B Flowers and fruit as in T. lurida. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520929-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Annual herb up to 2 or 3 m. tall from a taproot; hairs on stems appressed or spreading, up to 1 mm. long, white or fulvous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Leaf-rhachis up to 25 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 1 cm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules up to 3 mm. broad at base, triangular, acuminate, up to 1 cm. long, often reflexed; petiolules ± 2 mm. long; leaflets 17–31, linear-oblong, up to 11 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, truncate and apiculate at the tip, glabrous above, appressed silky pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Flowers mauve in moderately dense terminal pseudoracemes, on stout peduncles often longer than themselves, rarely 1 or 2 flowers in upper leaf-axils; pedicels ± 6 mm. long; bracts very caducous, ovate or ovate-lanceolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Calyx brown pubescent; tube ± 2 mm. long; lowest tooth 3.5 mm., lateral ± 1 mm., upper pair ± 2.7 mm., more than half united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Standard silky brown pubescent outside, ± 16 × 11 mm.; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Upper filament slightly attached, widened and bent 1 mm. above base; filament-sheath 13 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Style pubescent, ± 5 mm. long, bent through ± 75° 1 mm. above base, slightly widened near the tip, not penicil-late. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Pod ascending, up to 7.5 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, greenish-brown, with short stiff spreading hairs, brownish on the sutures, slightly upcurved towards the straight tip, the false septa between the seeds rather oblique. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000201770 morphology 2E9FF418-853F-46FE-8D85-CE74B5EA7395 Seeds 13–16, marbled, longitudinal, ± 2.5 by 2 mm.; hilum one-third along the side, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520433-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Prostrate or weakly ascending perennial; hairs on stems white or yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Leaf-rhachis up to 14 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–30 mm., prolonged up to 3 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly triangular-attenuate, often reflexed, up to 12 mm. long; leaflets 5–19, narrowly elliptic-oblong, up to 5 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, rather attenuate at base, rounded and apiculate at tip, pubescent beneath, more sparsely so above; chief nerves 6–7 on each side, each one becoming very thin at the point on the margin where it fuses with the one above it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Pseudoracemes terminal, rather lax, usually shorter than the peduncle, flowers never in leaf-axils; pedicels up to 5 mm. long; bracts narrowly triangular-attenuate, rather persistent, up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Calyx white pubescent; tube ± 2 mm. long; teeth triangular-attenuate with subulate tips, the lowest ± 3.5 mm., lateral 1.5–3 mm., upper pair 1.5–2 mm. long, one-quarter united, connivent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Standard greenish and golden pubescent outside, purple within, 14–16 by 11 mm.; keel glabrous, purple, whitish below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Upper filament lightly attached, dilated 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 12–13 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Style pubescent, bent sharply up through 80° at the base, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Pod 6–7.5 cm. long by 4–5 mm. wide, slightly upturned towards the tip, minutely pubescent; style-base straight, or nearly so; false septa oblique. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000204003 morphology 737F4954-3FAA-436A-8C4F-C6CA029E79BC Seeds 13–19, marbled, almost smooth, angular, longitudinal, more or less rhomboidal, ± 2.5 × 2.5 × 1.5 mm.; hilum one-third along the side, the aril minute, elliptical. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520862-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Shrubby plant up to 1.3 m. tall, all the vascular parts rather reddish in colour; indumentum of stems, leaf-rhachides and lower surfaces of leaflets sparse, appressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Leaves 13–18-foliolate; stipules broadly lanceolate, up to 6 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, conspicuous in young shoots, later often reflexed; rhachis, including a petiole of up to 15 mm., up to 12 cm. long, prolonged 0–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; petiolules up to 3 mm. long; leaflets narrowly oblong-elliptical, apiculate, up to 25 mm. long and 8 mm. wide, glabrous above, the vein-network clearly marked, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Flowers purple and white in rather lax short pseudoracemes shorter than the peduncle and also in the upper leaf-axils; central bracts lanceolate, up to 6 mm. by 2 mm., lateral bracts linear, up to 4 mm. by 1 mm.; pedicels up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Calyx reddish-brown, shortly pubescent; tube 3 mm. long; teeth narrowly triangular-acuminate, the upper pair free for 2 mm., the lowest 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Standard yellowish-brown pubescent outside, 25 mm. long including a claw of 5 mm., 16 mm. wide; wing and keel glabrous, 20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Upper filament not bent or dilated, attached for most of its length; filament-sheath 17 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Style 10 mm. long, abruptly bent through 80° 2 mm. above the base, pubescent on both sides, incurved at the tip; stigma capitate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Pod 5–6 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, slightly upcurved, style-base pointing upwards, shortly and sparsely appressed pubescent, 8–11-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000203220 morphology 77C7AA99-7B26-43F0-8B6E-ECE2C4FB7297 Seeds longitudinal, hilum towards one end. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520726-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Annual or short-lived perennial up to 1.5 m. tall; stems usually reddish, ridged, shortly appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Leaf-rhachis appressed strigose, up to 20 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 2 cm., prolonged up to 1 cm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules linear-lanceolate, falcate, up to 15 mm. long and less than one-tenth as wide; petiolules shortly fulvous pubescent, up to 3 or 4 mm. long; leaflets 15–21, elliptic-oblong, ± emarginate, usually 3.5–4 times as long as wide, up to 5 cm. long and 15 mm. wide, mucronate, glabrous above, appressed pilose and the midrib reddish beneath; primary nerves ± 13 on each side, quaternary nerves and pellucid dots visible by transparency. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Flowers in terminal and rarely axillary moderately dense many-flowered pseudoracemes, which are usually longer than their peduncles; bracts lanceolate, caducous; pedicels up to 11 mm. long, like the rhachis and calyx covered with short appressed yellow hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Calyx-tube ± 2.5 mm. long; teeth acuminate, the upper 2 united for most of their length, shorter than the lower which is about as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Standard golden-brown outside, pink or purple within, ± 16 mm. long and wide; keel glabrous, like the standard, wings and filaments gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Upper filament lightly attached, much thickened 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 10–13 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Style rather tapering, bent through 80° near the base, not twisted, ± 5 mm. long, pubescent on both sides and ± 0.3 mm. wide in its upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Pod spreading or somewhat ascending, upcurved, yellowish, up to 75 mm. long, ± 5 mm. wide, sparsely covered with short (± 0.3 mm.) spreading yellowish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202541 morphology 8D4408C3-2448-4701-8352-6103316DC76E Seeds 9–14 or fewer by abortion, longitudinal, blackish, ellipsoid-oblong, ± 3 × 2.3 × 1.5 mm.; hilum nearly central, the aril small, not above 0.7 mm. long by 0.2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520609-1 wfo-0000202201 morphology FA717FC6-4176-4260-B85E-6B0B39E60E5D Closely related to T. heckmanniana, differing as follows. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520536-1 wfo-0000202201 morphology FA717FC6-4176-4260-B85E-6B0B39E60E5D Petiolules not above 2 mm. long. Stipules lanceolate, up to ± 12 mm. long and usually more than one-tenth as wide. Leaflets rather narrower, commonly 5 times as long as wide, more definitely cuneate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520536-1 wfo-0000202201 morphology FA717FC6-4176-4260-B85E-6B0B39E60E5D Pedicels rarely over 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520536-1 wfo-0000202201 morphology FA717FC6-4176-4260-B85E-6B0B39E60E5D Filament-sheath 9–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520536-1 wfo-0000202201 morphology FA717FC6-4176-4260-B85E-6B0B39E60E5D Pods more definitely ascending, usually 9–11-seeded, up to 55 mm. long, densely covered with tawny spreading hairs up to 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520536-1 wfo-0000203466 morphology 4961D97A-7800-492E-874A-5E827F182151 A softly woody short-lived perennial up to 2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520777-1 wfo-0000203466 morphology 4961D97A-7800-492E-874A-5E827F182151 Differs from T. elata and T. heckmanniana in the dense pseudoracemes, shorter than the peduncles, the bracts more often broadly lanceolate or ovate, the hairs on the calyx and pod longer, often of a darker, more brownish yellow, the upper half of the style linear, 0.5–0.6 mm. wide, very shortly pubescent on the upper (adaxial) surface and margins only, glabrous on the lower (abaxial) surface, and the larger aril (± 1.2 mm. long by 0.4 mm. thick). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520777-1 wfo-0000203466 morphology 4961D97A-7800-492E-874A-5E827F182151 The inflorescence is often branched, the branches arising in the axils of simple bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520777-1 wfo-0000203466 morphology 4961D97A-7800-492E-874A-5E827F182151 The pod is up to 8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520777-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Berries on 1 mm. long pedicels, ellipsoid, 4 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0001239577 morphology 09F32678-09F8-40CB-8247-2A8E1E48A292 Fig. 5/6–7 (p. 20). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997534-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Leafless dioecious shrubs of relatively large size, with stems up to 1–2 m. long, usually pendulous with age, often yellowish green; internodes of distal branches 20–35 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, flattened and strongly ribbed, rounded with age. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Bracteal cups and flowers of both sexes sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Staminate flowers in triads (occasionally dyads), sessile, solitary in the axils of scale-leaves of younger branches, but often in fascicles of 4–8 on older stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Style indistinct at maturity; stigma rounded, emerging directly from the slightly elevated summit of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Berries sessile, rotund-ellipsoid, 6–7 mm. high, apex truncated, tuberculate when young, but nearly smooth at maturity, orange; tepalar ring-scar not strongly differentiated, 4–5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425052 morphology 91467D67-6CF5-478A-BFDB-A68A79BD9530 Fig. 5/8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552304-1 wfo-0000425064 morphology 9916A3E3-28F6-48CA-B57F-42C2C7C6FA80 Leafless dioecious often large pendulous shrubs with stems 1–2 m. long; internodes of distal branches strongly flattened, 20–35 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997535-1 wfo-0000425064 morphology 9916A3E3-28F6-48CA-B57F-42C2C7C6FA80 Bracteal cups sessile in both sexes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997535-1 wfo-0000425064 morphology 9916A3E3-28F6-48CA-B57F-42C2C7C6FA80 Staminate and pistillate flowers sessile and borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997535-1 wfo-0000425064 morphology 9916A3E3-28F6-48CA-B57F-42C2C7C6FA80 Style indistinct; stigma capitate at the summit of the ovary that is gradually elevated from the margin of the tepalar scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997535-1 wfo-0000425064 morphology 9916A3E3-28F6-48CA-B57F-42C2C7C6FA80 Berries sessile, cylindrical until near maturity, then only slightly swollen as it ripens, 7 mm. high, 3.5 mm. in diameter; tepalar ring-scar 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997535-1 wfo-0000425064 morphology 9916A3E3-28F6-48CA-B57F-42C2C7C6FA80 Fig. 5/3–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997535-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Leafless dioecious shrubs forming spectacular pendulous masses more than 2 m. long; internodes of distal branches 30–50 mm. long, 5–8 mm. wide, strongly flattened (tape-like). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Bracteal cups of both sexes on short peduncles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Flowers of both sexes sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Staminate flowers borne in triads, dyads or singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Style clearly developed, 0.5 mm. long, slightly enlarged at base; stigma rounded and only slightly expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Berries on 2 mm. long pedicels, ellipsoid-oblong, 9 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 2 mm. in diameter, somewhat swollen in developing berries. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001074280 morphology 935CE94C-9E1F-4894-8F27-F3A060DFBE8E Fig. 5/11 (p. 20). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552344-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Leafless monoecious, often globose and erect, densely branched shrubs less than 50 cm. high; internodes of distal branches 10–20 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, flattened, older branches becoming rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Bracteal cups sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Flowers of both sexes borne sessile and singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Staminate flowers often rare or seemingly absent (as in various other monoecious species where the flowers of both sexes are also borne singly). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Stamens often only 2(–3) at the base of the tepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Style minute but distinct; stigma not expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Berries on 1 mm. long pedicels, orbicular, 4 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 1.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0001247828 morphology 6112F499-C2FE-4CFC-8B1B-8DD859022711 Fig. 5/10 (p. 20). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552541-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Leafless dioecious shrubs of variable size from under 0.5 m. to more than 1 m. long, larger plants mostly pendulous with age; internodes of distal branches 15–25 mm. long, 2–3(–4) mm. wide, flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Bracteal cups of both staminate and pistillate flowers sessile, short, less than 1 mm. long, often obscured by the scale-leaves and sometimes apparently absent or deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Staminate flowers borne mostly singly, but sometimes in dyads or triads. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Pistillate flowers borne singly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Style minute but distinct, less than 0.5 mm. long; stigma rounded and only slightly expanded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Berries on 1–1.5 mm. long pedicels, orbicular to ovoid-ellipsoid, 3–5 mm. high, smooth, orange; tepalar ring-scar 1.5–2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000424927 morphology CB26A371-FC7A-4EAC-B189-594C16F34C40 Fig. 5/9 (p. 20). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552547-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Perennial herb (but see note below), loosely caespitose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Leaves up to 30 cm. long, 2 mm. wide; sheaths about half as long as the lamina, brown, strongly rugulose to scabrid, margins thin, smooth, scarious, entire, gradually narrowing upwards; ligule short; lamina linear, flattened, 2-ridged, glabrous, strongly reticulate- rugulose throughout; apex acuminate-incurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Peduncles 35–60 cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, terete, grooved longitudinally, rugulose when dry; sheaths a little shorter than the leaves, smooth and brown below, greenish and rugulose above with a short terminal blade; spike ellipsoid, acute, whitish, up to 2 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter; sterile bracts membranous, whitish with a pale brownish central region, the outer 2–3 narrowly ovate, acute, up to 20 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, the inner up to 13 mm. long, 5 mm. wide; fertile bracts 18–28, ovate, acute, membranous, whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Lateral sepals curved, boat-shaped, acuminate, 8 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, keel entire; corolla yellow to orange, the tube 1–1.5 mm. long, the lobes obovate, ± 3.5–4 mm. long, 1.5–2.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Stamens 3–3.5 mm. long; staminodes 2.8–3 mm. long, bifid with tufts of yellow hairs 1.5 mm. long at the apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Ovary ellipsoid, 1–2 mm. long, 0.5–0.8 mm. in diameter, style 2.5–3.5 mm. long, trifid above the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Capsule ellipsoid, ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Seeds ellipsoid, ± 0.5 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with 14–15 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000611786 morphology CAEE11C2-0824-4613-A7DB-779DCA0E4EFD Fig. 1/1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960674-1 wfo-0000610591 morphology 3ADCD4D6-D34A-46C6-8C9A-D62822A17009 Annual or short-lived perennial herb forming loose clumps. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004859-1 wfo-0000610591 morphology 3ADCD4D6-D34A-46C6-8C9A-D62822A17009 Leaves linear, up to 24 cm. long, 3 mm. wide; sheaths 2–2.5 cm. long, brown with broad membranous margins, rather abruptly narrowing distally; ligule short; lamina linear, flattened, glabrous, smooth; apex acute, weakly asymmetric, pale brown, solid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004859-1 wfo-0000610591 morphology 3ADCD4D6-D34A-46C6-8C9A-D62822A17009 Peduncles up to 42 cm. long, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter, terete, minutely punctate, longitudinally grooved; peduncle-sheaths similar to the leaf-sheaths; apex with a tuft of blunt hairs which fall off easily; spike obovoid at maturity, up to 1.2 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter towards the base; sterile bracts membranous, ovate, acute, whitish with a pale brown minutely papillose keel, 7.5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide; fertile bracts ovate, acute, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, pale shining brown, keel papillose, darker brown with a narrowly elliptic pale central papillose mark ± 3 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, margins irregularly ciliate-dentate above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004859-1 wfo-0000610591 morphology 3ADCD4D6-D34A-46C6-8C9A-D62822A17009 Lateral sepals arcuate, pale brown, strongly keeled, the keel regularly dentate along almost its whole length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004859-1 wfo-0000610591 morphology 3ADCD4D6-D34A-46C6-8C9A-D62822A17009 Corolla, androecium and gynoecium not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004859-1 wfo-0000610591 morphology 3ADCD4D6-D34A-46C6-8C9A-D62822A17009 Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 0.4 mm. long, 0.3 mm. in diameter, with 10–12 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004859-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Perennial with the rhizome short and vertical in drier sites but elongated, 2 mm. diameter, in floating vegetation mats. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Leaves 10–24 cm. long, 0.2–0.4 cm. wide; sheaths half to one third the length of the lamina, pale, longitudinally furrowed, shiny, with membranous margins; ligule absent; lamina flat, linear, glabrous, smooth, apex acute, slightly incurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Peduncles 10–55 cm. long, 2-ridged, slightly flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Sterile bracts ovate, to 7 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, membranous, spreading to recurved, pale buff with a darker and thicker median region, eventually caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Fertile bracts broadly ovate, ± 5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, shiny, brown with a paler thickened median stripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Lateral sepals curved, 5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, delicate, keel thicker, minutely serrulate. Corolla yellow, tube 4 mm. long, lobes oblong, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, rounded at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Stamen filament flattened, 0.5 mm. long, anthers 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Staminodes much-branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Ovary ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long; style 2 mm. long; style arms 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Capsule ovoid, flattened, ± 4 mm. long, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Seeds ovoid, ± 0.2 mm. long, with 12–14 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000610465 morphology AC07AF6D-E5A4-42DA-9F31-CA716814D402 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004858-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Perennial, often with the base bulked out by persistent leaf-bases, forming clumps. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Leaves up to 60 cm. long, 1–6 mm. wide; sheaths red-brown, shiny, glabrous, gradually dilated to base, splitting and persisting as bristles when old; ligule acute, ± 1 mm. long; lamina linear, glabrous, often spirally twisted; apex solid, acute, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Peduncles 50–85(–110) cm. long, 1–2 mm. in diameter, flattened to subterete, longitudinally grooved; spike ellipsoid, obtuse, ± 9 mm. long, 6 mm. in diameter at first flowering, elongating with age to ± 20 mm. long or longer; sterile bracts suborbicular, ± 3–4 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, coriaceous, shiny, uniformly brown, usually without a dorsal mark; fertile bracts similar, numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Lateral sepals curved, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, coriaceous, brown, keel irregularly fimbriate-dentate at least in the upper half; corolla yellow, petals broadly obovate, apex laciniate, 4.5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Stamens 2 mm. long, including anthers 1 mm. long; staminodes almost sessile, composed of bunches of straight hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Ovary ellipsoid; style ± 2.5 mm. long, branches 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Seeds ovoid, ± 0.6 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with 12–13 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000609957 morphology 432EBB23-B2D3-44E9-AEBA-88CB8397DD49 Fig. 1/2, 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871402-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Perennial herb (but see note below) forming dense clumps including the fibrous remains of old leaf-sheaths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Leaves up to 50 cm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide; sheaths gradually tapering from the base, black to brown, sometimes splitting into persistent bristles when old, usually rugulose, margins sometimes ciliate; ligule rounded, 2–3 mm. long; lamina linear, minutely papillose, more strongly so on the margins; apex solid, acute-incurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Peduncles 60–100 cm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, terete with 2 longitudinal papillose ridges; spike subglobose, 0.8–1.5 cm. in diameter; sterile bracts suborbicular, coriaceous, blackish brown, papillose particularly above, ± 7 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, including a pale membranous fimbriate margin and a black rigid acumen; fertile bracts similar, or more papillose and with a shorter acumen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Lateral sepals ± 5 mm. long, arcuate, papyraceous, dark brown with paler membranous margins and a blackish papillose acumen, keel irregularly erose-ciliate; corolla-tube 4 mm. long; lobes obovate, 4.5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, apex irregularly toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Filament ligulate, 1 mm. long; anthers 2 mm. long; staminodes 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Ovary obovoid, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. in diameter; style 3 mm. long, branches 2.5 mm. long; stigmas fimbriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Seeds broadly ellipsoid, ± 0.5 mm. long, 0.35 mm. in diameter, with ± 12 longitudinal ridges joined by weak transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000608858 morphology 43FE0547-D1A3-4EF7-AB80-A413B0AF6643 Fig. 1/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871336-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Perennial forming clumps of short stout horizontal or ascending rhizomes covered by leaf-sheaths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Leaves up to 25 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide; sheaths much shorter than blades, gradually dilated towards the base, dark brown with paler margins, smooth, sometimes verrucose below, tapering to a small ligule; lamina linear, flattened, glabrous, longitudinally furrowed, tending to be spirally twisted; apex acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Peduncles up to 37 cm. long, 0.2–0.5 mm. in diameter, 2-ridged, particularly above, glabrous; spike ellipsoid to obconical, ± 7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. in diameter; sterile bracts broadly ovate, acute, ± 3 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, coriaceous, blackish brown with a broad scarious paler margin, becoming lacerate with age; fertile bracts similar but narrower, keeled towards the apex, mucronate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Lateral sepals ± 4.5 mm. long, keeled, margins membranous, laciniate, keel finely and bluntly denticulate, often only below, excurrent above in a mucro; corolla yellow, tube ± 4 mm. long, lobes broadly obovate, ± 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Stamens with filaments ± 0.5 mm. long; anthers 2 mm. long; staminodes bifurcate, each branch with a bunch of long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Fruit and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000611040 morphology 61932815-86D6-4077-83D6-6A2FAEA02382 Fig. 1/4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871477-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Tufted perennial forming dense clumps, often bulked out by persistent leaf-bases; shoot-bases sometimes somewhat swollen and bulbous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Leaves up to 15 cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths up to 8 mm. wide at the base, smooth and with ciliate margins below, becoming rugulose above when dry, dark red-brown in the centre, paler at the margins; ligule not seen; lamina terete to semiterete, glabrous, rugulose; apex aristate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Peduncle 13–28 cm. long, ± 0.7 mm. in diameter, terete, longitudinally ridged; spike 3–5-flowered, ellipsoid, almost black, 5–6 mm. long, 2.5 mm. in diameter; sterile bracts broadly obovate, apiculate, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, minutely rugulose on the abaxial surface, hard, opaque, black with a very narrow paler border; fertile bracts broadly obovate, strongly concave, apiculate, 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, minutely rugulose on the abaxial surface, black above, paler below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Lateral sepals curved, ± 5 mm. long, laciniate on the keel above, third sepal ± 5 mm. long; corolla-tube ± 1.5 mm. long, lobes obovate, ± 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, apex emarginate, irregularly laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Filament ligulate, ± 0.5 mm. long; anthers 1.5 mm. long; staminodes much- branched, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Style ± 3 mm. long, branches 2 mm. long; stigmas much-branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 0.6 mm. long, 0.35 mm. in diameter, with more than 25 interconnected longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000612718 morphology 45D38181-9178-4B47-9F38-4CBC98715574 Fig. 1/5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Perennial, sometimes forming tussocks. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Leaves up to 50 cm. long, 3 mm. wide; sheaths red-brown, sulcate, minutely rugulose when old and dry; ligule triangular, membranous, 2–3 mm. long; lamina flat, glabrous, smooth; apex solid, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Peduncles 80–120 cm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter above, 2 mm. below, somewhat flattened particularly above, lightly longitudinally grooved when dry; sterile bracts coriaceous, opaque, shiny, brownish black, the outermost sometimes with a distinct dorsal keel, broadly obovate to oblong, 5–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, apex long-mucronate (but the mucro usually broken off); fertile bracts similar to the sterile ones but narrower, numerous, keeled toward the apex and apiculate, the apiculus often twisted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Lateral sepals curved, boat-shaped, acuminate, the keel dark brown, coriaceous and ciliolate-denticulate, excurrent in an apiculus, the margins thinner, paler and translucent; corolla yellow, tube ± 3 mm. long, lobes suborbicular, ± 3.5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, rounded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Stamens 3 mm. long; anthers 2 mm. long; staminodes conspicuous, bifurcate, the branches with numerous long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Style-branches ± 3 mm. long; stigmas flattened and lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Capsule broadly ellipsoid, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Seeds ellipsoid, ± 0.5 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with 16–18 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000613397 morphology B8CFC644-67D0-40B8-8CCC-A5D34DBF53CA Fig. 1/6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871644-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Annual or perennial herbs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Leaves linear, flattened, glabrous, tapering to the asymmetrically obtuse apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Peduncles glabrous, hollow, terete but markedly 2-winged particularly towards the apex; spikes broadly ovoid to subspherical, later ovoid; sterile bracts 4, broadly obovate to suborbicular, pale golden brown with a subterminal narrowly ovate greyish dorsal mark; fertile bracts suborbicular to elliptic, very convex, golden brown with a dull brown to grey subapical triangular dorsal mark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Lateral sepals curved, golden brown, with an entire keel; corolla yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Staminodes branched, the branches bearing tufts of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Ovary obovoid to ellipsoid; stigmas much- branched, forming a dense mass. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Capsule ellipsoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608647 morphology 37A3B811-BB12-493A-97B4-6472F9B5E72B Seeds ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, with 12–13 longitudinal ridges joined by rather prominent cross-walls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871323-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Perennial herb forming loose clumps. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Leaves 8–15(–40) cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide; sheaths lightly furrowed, brown, glabrous, with narrow scarious margins; ligule acute, ± 1 mm. long; lamina linear, glabrous, smooth or minutely rugulose on one surface, dark- speckled when dry; apex acute, straight or slightly incurved, serrulate, sometimes with a group of small finger-like hairs at the extreme tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Peduncles 20–50(–85) cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, terete with 4–6 longitudinal ridges, glabrous; spike subspherical to broadly ellipsoid, up to 8 mm. long, 8 mm. in diameter, at maturity, reddish brown; the four outermost sterile bracts very broadly ovate, ± 2 mm. long and wide, apex rounded; other sterile bracts broadly ovate, 5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, coriaceous, reddish brown with a very distinct grey central area, margins laciniate-ciliate, apex rounded, sometimes with a distinct tuft of arachnose hairs, later glabrous; fertile bracts similar but larger, 5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Lateral sepals arcuate, 4.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, keel ciliate-dentate, sometimes with an apical tuft of hairs; corolla yellow, tube ± 3 mm. long, lobes oblong, ± 3.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, dentate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Stamens ± 1 mm. long; anther 0.5 mm. long, lobes spreading below; staminodes small bunches of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Ovary oblong, ± 2 mm. long, 0.5 mm.; style 4 mm. long, 3-branched in upper third; stigmas many- lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, ± 1 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with numerous irregular longitudinal ridges or reticulations. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000608713 morphology 5829F14E-B4DE-4AD7-A23A-148681424343 Fig. 1/9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871325-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Small tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Leaves 3–5(–8) cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths brown, rugulose, appressed-rufous-pilose at the extreme base, ciliate on the margins and irregularly ciliate on the 2 dorsal ridges; lamina linear, flattened, rugulose throughout; apex acute, solid, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Peduncles 14–30 cm. long, terete, smooth, glabrous; spike obovoid, 5–6 mm. long, dark red-brown; outer sterile bracts elliptic, ± 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, red- brown, apex obtuse, with a single strong nerve, inner similar but thinner and 3-nerved; fertile bracts similar but broader and thinner, often papillose towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Lateral sepals ± 4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, strongly keeled, the keel irregularly ciliate-toothed, the teeth below the middle often directed downwards, red-brown, the keel darker; apex apiculate; corolla-lobes broadly obovate, ± 3.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Filaments ± 0.5 mm. long; anthers ± 1 mm. long; staminodes a bunch of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Style trifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Seeds ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.5 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with ± 12 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000613473 morphology 3D91BFE9-550D-4BE6-BFA4-C5A6BA9CCF4C Fig. 1/10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004860-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Perennial forming clumps; rhizomes sometimes present, upright or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Corolla 2.5–5 mm. long, white to blue, pink or purple, split to the base on the back, glabrous; lobes subequal, the upper 2 free or almost so, the lower 3 usually ± connate and with a crescent-shaped gland at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Stamens 2–4 mm. long, free from the corolla; filaments connate for most of their length; anther-tube dark, 1.2–2 mm. long, glabrous or very shortly pubescent on the back; 2 lower anthers each with a hyaline appendage ± 0.4 mm. long and a tuft of minute hairs at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Ovary semi-inferior. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Capsule broadly obconical, 10-nerved; valves ± 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Seeds elliptic, often somewhat twisted, ± 0.3 mm. long, finely striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813948 morphology 4E069C3C-65CE-4844-A5BA-30505CD897E6 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142945-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Annual or perennial decumbent herb, often stoloniferous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Stems 5–60 cm. long, usually rooting at the lower nodes, ribbed, with harsh retrorse pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Leaves opposite, subsessile or shortly petiolate, linear to elliptic, up to 10–35 mm. long, 2–9 mm. wide, acute or obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, rounded to attenuate at the base, almost glabrous or usually with fine but harsh pubescence on both surfaces, usually retrorse beneath and at margin, but with forwardly directed hairs above; margin incrassate, slightly revolute, crenate or serrate; midvein prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Flowers not resupinate, solitary, axillary, scattered on the stem; pedicels 8–35 mm. long, pubescent with retrorse hairs; bracteoles at the base of the pedicel, 6–16 mm. long, resembling small leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Hypanthium obconical or obovoid, ± 10-nerved, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Calyx-lobes 2–6 mm. long, acute, entire, ± pubescent at the margins and on the outside, often reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Corolla 6.5–11.5 mm. long, dirty yellow, dull pink, brownish purple or violet (but always ± violet when dried), with 2 bumps in the mouth of the tube, split on the lower side almost to the base, 2-lipped with the upper lip 3-lobed and the lower lip consisting of 2 spathulate lobes united with the tube for 0.5–2.5 mm.; shortly pubescent outside, often with longer hairs on the midveins of the lobes, glabrous or puberulous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Filaments free from corolla, linear, connate above, all pubescent at least on the inside above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Anther-tube ± 1.6 mm. long; all anthers densely penicillate at the tip, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Stigma-lobes ± 0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Capsule ± 10-nerved, obconical to oblong-obovoid, up to 10 mm. long, pubescent, dehiscing by valves up to 1.5 mm. long, or ± indehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000813489 morphology EEC189A4-FCD3-4CF0-9927-653C63C8A9BE Seeds broadly elliptic or suborbicular in outline, compressed, ± 0.6 mm. long, distinctly and regularly reticulate, dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144175-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Slender annual erect or decumbent herb, often branched from the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Stems 2–15(–28) cm. tall, terete, somewhat ribbed, densely pubescent with spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Leaves sessile, elliptic to narrowly ovate, up to 14 mm. long and 7 mm. wide, acute at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, pubescent on both surfaces; margin coarsely dentate-serrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Flowers resupinate, often cleistogamous, in lax racemes with leaf-like bracts diminishing in size upwards; pedicels up to 30 mm. long, pubescent; bracteoles at base of pedicel,resembling small leaves, 1–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Hypanthium broadly obconical to subglobose, ± 10-nerved, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Calyx-lobes 0.5–1.6 mm. long, entire, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Corolla 4–5 mm. long, white, pale blue or pink with 2 yellowish bumps in the mouth of the tube, split on the back to ± 0.6 mm. from the base, pubescent outside and inside on bottom of tube, 2-lipped with the lower lip 3-lobed and the upper lip consisting of 2 shorter lobes united with the tube for most of their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Filaments ± attached to the corolla-tube at the base, linear, scarcely connate above, all sparsely pubescent on the inside near the tip, the 2 anterior ones also ciliate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Anther-tube ± 0.6 mm. long; all anthers penicillate at the tip, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Capsule ± 10-nerved, 2–3.5 mm. long, pubescent; valves ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000816544 morphology A823CA31-08A9-4504-9B15-134DBE366AFB Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, strongly compressed, ± 0.35 mm. long, striate-verruculate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:144180-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Erect or sometimes somewhat twisting herb, 20–50 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Stem unbranched, ribbed, sparsely and finely pubescent in the inflorescence region. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Leaves sessile, up to 20–75 mm. long, 2–8 mm. wide, linear to linear-lanceolate, acute at the apex, attenuate at the base, revolute, thickened and serrulate at the margin, glabrous; midvein very prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Raceme rather dense, sometimes with a short branch below, 4–16 cm. long, ± 10–30-flowered; pedicels 1.5–5.5 mm. long, shortly crisped pubescent; bracts linear, 5–15 (–30) mm. long, denticulate; bracteoles 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, sparsely pubescent at least towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, ± erect or spreading, 1.2–3.5 mm. long, with 1–3 pairs of teeth at the margin, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Corolla 5–9.5 mm. long, pale pink, mauve, lavender or white, split to the base into 2 lips, the upper 3-lobed but finally disintegrating, the lower divided into 2 free petals; all petals narrowly oblanceolate to linear, glabrous outside, pubescent inside at the base only to ± pubescent in their entire length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Stamens 2.5–3 mm. long; filaments linear, abruptly dilated, ciliate and obscurely connate at the very base; anthers elliptic-oblong, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, pubescent with up to 0.8–1 mm. long, rather straight to curled hairs on the upper 3/4 of the connective and with shorter hairs towards its base, also a small tuft of hairs ± 0.2 mm. long at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Ovary semi-inferior; style ± 1.2–1.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Capsule subglobose, inferior part ± 4 mm. long, membranous, with 10 distinct nerves connected by weak transverse nerves; valves ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831176 morphology 27E8E7B8-2CEC-47D9-B4BA-4C0805583813 Seeds broadly elliptic in outline, irregularly angular, ± 1 mm. long, coarsely reticulate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142092-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Twining slender herb, up to 2 m. long, from a subglobose or elongated root-tuber up to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Stem not or sparsely branched, ribbed, glabrous or very sparsely and finely pubescent in the inflorescence region. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, up to 35–85 mm. long, 2–30 mm. wide, linear to ovate, acute at the apex, attenuate to cuneate at the base, serrate or crenate at the margin, glabrous; venation prominent beneath; petiole up to 12 mm. long, often curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Raceme lax, up to 100 cm. long and ± 20–30-flowered; pedicels up to 3–13 mm. long, shortly crisped pubescent; bracts ± leaf-like, diminishing in size upwards; bracteoles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, glabrous or sparsely pubescent at least towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, ± erect or spreading, becoming reflexed in fruit, 2.4–4 mm. long, with 1–3 pairs of teeth at the margin, glabrous or sparsely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Corolla 9–12 mm. long, pale pink, pale purple or mauve, split to the base into 2 lips, the upper 3-lobed but finally disintegrating, the lower divided into 2 free petals; all petals linear, glabrous outside, pubescent inside at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Stamens ± 3 mm. long; filaments linear, abruptly dilated, ciliate and obscurely connate at the very base; anthers elliptic-oblong, 1.4–1.6 mm. long, pubescent with up to 0.8–1 mm. long, rather straight hairs on the upper ¾ of the connective and with shorter hairs towards its base, also a small tuft of hairs ± 0.2 mm. long at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Ovary semi-inferior; style 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Capsule ovoid, with 10 distinct nerves connected by weak transverse nerves; inferior part cup-shaped, 2.4–4 mm. long; valves 2.8–3.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831062 morphology CA926EB9-B488-4562-B545-12C899A83A88 Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, ± compressed and irregularly angular, ± 1.2 mm. long, coarsely reticulate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142029-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Erect herb, 12–25 cm. tall, from a tuber; stem not branched, ribbed below, ± sulcate in the inflorescence region, sparsely pubescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Leaves crowded towards base of stem, sessile or subsessile, 18–70 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, linear, acute at the apex, serrulate, glabrous; midvein prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Raceme dense, up to ± 3 cm. long, long-pedunculate; pedicels 2–4 mm. long, finely pubescent; bracts up to 14 mm. long; bracteoles 1–2.5 mm. long, filiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, finely pubescent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 2.5–4.5 mm. long, with 1–3 pairs of teeth at the margin, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Corolla 12–15 mm. long, purplish pink, saccate at the base above, split to the base into 2 lips, the upper 3-lobed, the lower divided into 2 free petals; all petals linear, glabrous or almost so outside, pubescent inside towards the base and at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Stamens 6–7 mm. long; filaments dilated and connate at the base, pubescent; anthers elliptic-oblong, 2–2.4 mm. long, lanate with curled hairs 1–1.5 mm. long on the back of the connective, and at the tip with a tuft of short hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Ovary semisuperior; style ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831211 morphology EB5F0B5C-7227-4E17-B43A-6E209037BA21 Capsule and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142120-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Erect herb, 6–20 cm. tall, from a tuber; stem sometimes branched, ribbed below, sulcate in the inflorescence region, sparsely and finely pubescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, 15–50(–80) mm. long, 6–25 mm. wide, narrowly to broadly ovate, acute at the apex, serrate-crenate, glabrous; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Raceme dense, leafy; pedicels 4–15 mm. long, finely pubescent; bracteoles 2–4 mm. long, linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, finely pubescent or subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, 3–6.5 mm. long, with 1–3 pairs of teeth at the margin, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Corolla 11–17 mm. long, mauve, scarcely saccate at the base, split to the base into 2 lips, the upper 3-lobed but finally ± disintegrating, the lower divided into 2 free petals; all petals linear, glabrous outside, pubescent inside towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Stamens 5.5–6.5 mm. long; filaments dilated and connate at the base, ± pubescent; anthers elliptic-oblong, 2–2.4 mm. long, lanate with curled hairs ± 1 mm. long on the back of the connective, and at the tip with a tuft of short hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Ovary semisuperior; style 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831179 morphology 0666F752-EB04-42D4-B635-91CAB2C06CA8 Capsule and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142095-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Erect or rarely somewhat twining herb, 8–80 cm. tall, from a subglobose tuber ± 2 cm. in diameter; stem not or sparsely branched, ribbed below, sulcate in the inflorescence region, glabrous or sparsely pubescent above, rarely whole plant pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, up to 30–110 mm. long, 3–25 mm. wide, linear to broadly elliptic, acute or subacute at the apex, attenuate to cuneate at the base, serrate or serrate-crenate, glabrous or rarely shortly pubescent, mainly above; venation prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Raceme dense or lax, up to 25 cm. long, sometimes branched; pedicels 1–6 mm. long, very finely pubescent or papillose; bracts leaf-like, diminishing in size upwards; bracteoles 1–3(–7) mm. long, filiform to lanceolate, sometimes denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, shortly pubescent to papillose or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Calyx-lobes ± narrowly triangular, usually reflexed, 1.5–4.5 mm. long, with 1–3 pairs of teeth at the margin, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Corolla 9–16(–20) mm. long, pale blue to mauve or purple, ± saccate at the base, split to the base into 2 lips, the upper 3-lobed but finally ± disintegrating, the lower divided into 2 free petals; all petals linear, glabrous or very rarely pubescent outside, white pubescent inside on the lower half or up to ± 2/3 of the length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Stamens 4–7 mm. long; filaments linear, dilated and connate at the base, ± pubescent; anthers elliptic-oblong, 1.6–3.2 mm. long, lanate with curled hairs ± 1.5 mm. long on the back of the connective, and at the tip with a tuft of hairs, ± 0.5 mm. long, by which the anthers are apically united at least in young flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Ovary semi-superior; style 2.5–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Capsule ovoid to subglobose, inferior part 2.5–4 mm. long, with 10 distinct nerves with ± transverse connections, membranous parts almost or entirely lacking; valves 3.5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, ± compressed or irregularly angular, ± 1–1.5 mm. long, coarsely reticulate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831114 morphology 8E141148-6CE9-4E8F-B5F9-9C8933872277 Fig. 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142047-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Twining and climbing herb, well-developed plants forming tangling masses, usually more than 1 m. and up to several m. long, from a subglobose tuber ± 2–3 cm. in diameter; stems sparsely branched, ribbed, glabrous or sparsely puberulous in the inflorescence region only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Leaves petiolate, up to 30–100 mm. long, (3–)6–40(–55) mm. wide, linear to ovate, acute to acuminate or rarely ± obtuse at the apex, attenuate to truncate or subcordate at the base, serrate, glabrous or rarely shortly pubescent above; venation prominent beneath; petiole 1.5–25 mm. long, often curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Raceme twining, usually very lax, often more than 50 cm. long, sometimes with ± short and few-flowered branches below; pedicels 2–10(–20) mm. long, very finely crisped pubescent to almost glabrous; bracts leaf-like, diminishing in size upwards; bracteoles 0.8–5 mm. long, filiform to lanceolate-acuminate, sometimes denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Hypanthium broadly obconical, 10-nerved, shortly pubescent to glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Calyx-lobes narrowly triangular, erect to reflexed, 1.5–4 mm. or up 10 mm. long in fruit, with 1–5 pairs of teeth at the margin, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Corolla 9–17 mm. long, pale pink to purple or almost white, ± saccate at the base, split to the base into 2 lips, the upper 3-lobed but finally ± disintegrating, the lower divided into 2 free petals; all petals linear, glabrous or sparsely pubescent outside, white pubescent inside, at least on the lower half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Stamens 4–8 mm. long; filaments linear, dilated and connate at the base, ± pubescent; anthers elliptic-oblong, 2–3.2 mm. long, lanate with curled hairs ± 1.2-1.5 mm. long on the back of the connective, and at the tip with a tuft of hairs 0.2–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Ovary semi-inferior; style 2.5–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Capsule ovoid to subglobose; inferior part 3–5.5 mm. long, membranous, with 10 distinct nerves connected by weak transverse nerves; valves 2.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000831138 morphology A426E9AF-F0AC-414E-AAE5-50A6B54EADAF Seeds ± broadly elliptic in outline, ± compressed or irregularly angular, ± 0.8–1.6 mm. long, coarsely reticulate, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:142060-1 wfo-0000524243 morphology F4946BF7-6816-4D54-81F4-BE5B616D6D49 Shrub or small tree up to 10 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577227-1 wfo-0000524243 morphology F4946BF7-6816-4D54-81F4-BE5B616D6D49 Leaflets 3–5, glabrous, venation reticulate on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577227-1 wfo-0000524243 morphology F4946BF7-6816-4D54-81F4-BE5B616D6D49 Flowers very small, in axillary panicles, strongly scented, used (elsewhere) for flavouring tea and perfuming clothes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577227-1 wfo-0000524243 morphology F4946BF7-6816-4D54-81F4-BE5B616D6D49 Fruit a small cleistocarp. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577227-1 wfo-0000443574 morphology FAC34A1F-116F-46B4-840D-670BCC5E42C0 Tree up to 15 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578879-1 wfo-0000443574 morphology FAC34A1F-116F-46B4-840D-670BCC5E42C0 Leaflets 5–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578879-1 wfo-0000443574 morphology FAC34A1F-116F-46B4-840D-670BCC5E42C0 Flowers in spikes or panicles on older branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578879-1 wfo-0000443574 morphology FAC34A1F-116F-46B4-840D-670BCC5E42C0 Fruit a cleistocarp 4 cm. in diameter, yellow, with 1–3 seeds, each surrounded by a white, translucent, juicy, aromatic aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578879-1 wfo-0000443574 morphology FAC34A1F-116F-46B4-840D-670BCC5E42C0 Planted at Entebbe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578879-1 wfo-0000505131 morphology C3BCA6ED-44C7-4731-B17E-69C6736E1068 Tall tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:246905-2 wfo-0000505131 morphology C3BCA6ED-44C7-4731-B17E-69C6736E1068 Leaflets 6–12, up to 15 × 5 cm., asymmetrically lanceolate, apex shortly acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:246905-2 wfo-0000505131 morphology C3BCA6ED-44C7-4731-B17E-69C6736E1068 Flowers in axillary panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:246905-2 wfo-0000505131 morphology C3BCA6ED-44C7-4731-B17E-69C6736E1068 Capsule 12–15(–22) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:246905-2 wfo-0000505131 morphology C3BCA6ED-44C7-4731-B17E-69C6736E1068 Planted in Uganda for forestry purposes (without conspicuous success) and ornament. Entebbe, Eggeling 3818! urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:246905-2 wfo-0000505130 vernacular CBA70029-198C-4E97-9917-5192D3DCAF05 ‘Spanish or Cuban Mahogany’ urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1080203-2 wfo-0000505130 distribution CBA70029-198C-4E97-9917-5192D3DCAF05 Native of the West Indies and Florida. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1080203-2 wfo-0000505130 morphology CBA70029-198C-4E97-9917-5192D3DCAF05 Tall tree with smaller, more attenuate leaflets and smaller fruits than S. macrophylla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1080203-2 wfo-0001083551 morphology B56DCABD-F52E-4CD4-B87E-73AAF4E2AC3E The filaments are free for a short distance at the apex, and each bears a pair of filiform appendages inserted one on either side at the base of the anthers. In most other African species the filaments are completely fused and the appendages occur in pairs on the rim of the tube alternating with the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579826-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Shrub or small tree up to 4 m. tall; lateral shoots slow growing, with crowded internodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Leaf-lamina ovate to ovate-elliptic, up to 6 × 4.5 cm., generally puberulous with short stiff appressed setulose hairs on both surfaces and especially on the nerves beneath, apex rounded or emarginate, base broadly rounded to subcordate; petiole up to 0.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Inflorescence an axillary or terminal congested false raceme; peduncle short, up to 0.4 cm. long; bracts subulate, up to 0.2 cm. long, puberulous; pedicels up to 1.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Flowers white or creamy-white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Calyx ± 0.3 cm. long, tomentellous, lobed to ± one-third. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Petals linear to linear-spathulate, 1.5–1.9 cm × 0.2–0.3 cm., tomentellous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Staminal tube 0.7–1.2 cm. long, expanded at the apex, bearded at the throat with long hairs arising from the filaments and from the uppermost part of the staminal tube, otherwise glabrous inside, with a few scattered hairs outside; appendages deeply 2-fid for more than half of length, alternating with anthers; not fused at the base, ± 0.35 cm. long, glabrous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Ovary 10–11-locular, tomentellous; style 1.4–1.7 cm. long, sometimes puberulous at the base, otherwise glabrous; style-head globose-cylindric, its base exserted ± 0.7 cm. beyond staminal-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Capsule (immature) depressed-globose, ± 0.6 × 0.8 cm., tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0001083762 morphology FB4B8366-0597-44E9-9804-C892D0AB6F33 Fig. 1/2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937443-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Shrub or small to medium-sized tree (1–)2–8(–16) m. tall, sometimes weak-stemmed and scrambling; bark light grey or brown, slightly fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Leaf-lamina elliptic, obovate or obovate-elliptic, usually less than 11 × 7 cm., lower surface usually shortly pubescent and with tufts of hairs in axils of secondary nerves, rarely glabrous except for a few scattered hairs on nerves and veins, apex usually acute, rarely rounded or apiculate, base cuneate; petiole up to 1.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Inflorescence a terminal or axillary congested cyme or false raceme; peduncle (0.5–)0.7–4.5 cm. long, stout; bracts foliaceous, the longest 0.5–1.5 cm. long; pedicels 0.8–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Calyx (0.3–)0.4–0.6 cm. long, with broadly deltate lobes, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Petals oblanceolate-oblong, 1.2–1.8 cm. × 0.45 cm., creamy white tinged with green, becoming yellowish with age, tomentellous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Staminal tube 0.8–1.4 cm. long, distally expanded, bearded at the throat with long hairs arising mostly from the filaments and a few from the appendages, otherwise glabrous inside; appendages 1–3- lobed, fused for about half of length, narrowly deltate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Ovary 10–12(–14)-locular, densely pilose or very rarely almost glabrous; style 1.5–2.2 cm. long, pilose at base; style-head broadly ovoid, its base exserted ± 0.2 cm. beyond the staminal tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Capsule depressed-globose, ± 0.8 × 1.5 cm., shallowly sulcate, woody, pilose or very rarely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455649 morphology CE5B86B6-EBDD-4536-BED0-376B0E481EB9 Seeds dark red or black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579836-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Shrub or small deciduous tree up to 10 m. tall, occasionally flowering as a shrublet; bark rough, brown, flaking in squarish pieces; older branchlets stout, often with a thick corky bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Leaf-lamina elliptic to oblanceolate or obovate, rarely lanceolate, usually less than 15 × 8 cm., lower surface densely and softly pubescent to glabrous, apex rounded or obtuse, rarely emarginate or apiculate, base cuneate; petiole up to 1.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Inflorescence a 5–18-flowered sessile or subsessile fascicle in the axils of fallen leaves and then often terminating short shoots of slow growth, exceptionally in leaf-axils; bracts subulate, up to 0.3 cm. long; pedicels 0.5–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Leaves opposite or sub-opposite apically, glandular-punctate beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Inflorescence of loose to dense terminal corymbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Involucre campanulate; phyllaries bi-seriate, equal; receptacle broadly conical, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Corollas tubular to funnel-shaped, tube externally glandular-stipitate, 5-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Anthers short with ovate apical appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Style-arms clavate, papillate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000939 morphology C94D0514-7B24-4428-AF9B-13A162AA19DD Achenes black, oblong, 5-ribbed, with short setae on the ribs; carpopodium large, white, asymmetrical; pappus of ± 5 awned scales, or reduced, awnless and occasionally absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004082-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Perennial herbs or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Leaves opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Inflorescence corymbose; involucres campanulate; phyllaries in 2–3 series, sub-equal, often costate; receptacle slightly convex, epaleate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Corollas with slender tube and campanulate limb urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Apical anther appendages large, ovate-oblong. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Style base enlarged, arms linear, papillate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000000936 morphology DCA276F7-AD3E-4220-88BF-6A04E20BA574 Achenes black, prismatic or fusiform, 5-ribbed; carpopodium large, symmetrical; pappus of usually deciduous barbellate bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003158-2 wfo-4000024282 morphology FF690B1D-9C8B-4ADC-A9AB-B93E20E0B9F2 Climbing shrubs or sub-shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331774-2 wfo-4000024282 morphology FF690B1D-9C8B-4ADC-A9AB-B93E20E0B9F2 Leaves opposite, 3–5(–7)-veined, glandular-punctate beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331774-2 wfo-4000024282 morphology FF690B1D-9C8B-4ADC-A9AB-B93E20E0B9F2 Inflorescence cymose to corymbose, much branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331774-2 wfo-4000024282 morphology FF690B1D-9C8B-4ADC-A9AB-B93E20E0B9F2 Capitula borne on individual stalks, subtended by a sub-involucral bract; phyllaries 4, in 1 series, often swollen at the base; receptacle flat, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331774-2 wfo-4000024282 morphology FF690B1D-9C8B-4ADC-A9AB-B93E20E0B9F2 Florets 4; corolla funnelform or tubular opening into a campanulate 5-lobed limb, glabrous, lobes usually glandular; anther appendages large, ovate to triangular; style-arms long, variously twisted and contorted, papillose, distally tapering urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331774-2 wfo-4000024282 morphology FF690B1D-9C8B-4ADC-A9AB-B93E20E0B9F2 Achenes 5-ribbed, glandular; carpopodium usually evident; pappus of barbellate hairs, often connate at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331774-2 wfo-4000019273 morphology E2CA297F-C56C-4CAE-80F4-29522F8EC9D2 Description as for family. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328186-2 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Trees, shrubs or pyrophytic shrublets, usually glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Young leaves often reddish urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Leaves petiolate, usually with serrate or ciliate margins, less often entire; stipules entire to deeply bifid or fimbriate, usually not striate nor persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Inflorescences paniculate, umbellate or racemiform, sometimes reduced to a solitary flower, terminal or terminating short axillary shoots; usually scented; inflorescence buds usually very noticeable, fusiform, ovoid or subglobose with numerous distichous imbricate bracts leaving a series of annular scars which are usually very obvious; pedicels articulated at or above the base; torus usually thickening and becoming red in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Sepals (3–)5, quincuncially imbricate, becoming red and coriaceous in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Petals 5(–12), absent in one species, mostly yellow, usually unguiculate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Stamens (14–)20–numerous in 2 or more whorls, free; filaments slender, longer or shorter than the anthers, persistent; anthers yellow, dehiscing by longitudinal slits or terminal pores, usually soon deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Carpels (3–)5–15, free, 1-ovulate; styles slender, gynobasic, united or sometimes free at apex with somewhat enlarged stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Fruit with 1–several free black drupelets with fleshy mesocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000026477 morphology 2BA6ACFE-F671-4EF6-B74E-DE0646F9E8E2 Seeds straight, ± curved or reniform, without endosperm; embryo straight or curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28076-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Glabrous trees, shrubs or subshrubs with yellow pigment under the bark urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Leaves petiolate; lamina entire to glandular-serrate with characteristic venation; stipules free, longitudinally striate, laciniate or deeply divided into linear segments, often persistent on young shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Flowers solitary or in panicles or fascicles, the fascicles sometimes forming spikes or heads, terminal or at base of young growth urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Sepals (4–)5, usually quincuncially imbricate in bud, persistent and becoming red and coriaceous in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Petals (4–)5, white to pink, deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Stamens (8–)10–20(–22), free; anthers yellow, dehiscing by longitudinal slits, deciduous; filaments slender, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Carpels (3–)5–10, free at base, 1-ovuled; styles slender, gynobasic with small stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Fruit of 1-several free drupelets with fleshy mesocarp and with internal projections of endocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000005287 morphology DBD5907E-30E8-466D-A966-F31E4D216837 Seeds curved, without endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28025-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Evergreen trees or shrubs, usually completely glabrous with thin to ± coriaceous, sessile to petiolate leaves with often fine close secondary and tertiary venation; stipules entire, not striate, free or often ± united, persistent or deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Inflorescences paniculate or raceme-like or less often reduced to 1–2 flowers, terminal or axillary at the base of the new growth; bracts deciduous or ± persistent; pedicels usually slender, articulated at or above the base urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Sepals 5, quincuncially imbricate, persistent and turning red and coriaceous in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Petals 5, yellow, cream or white, not clawed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Stamens (8–)10 with filaments much shorter than the anthers or ± absent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Carpels 5, ± free at base, 1-ovulate; styles slender, gynobasic, completely united; stigmas terminal, punctiform urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Drupelets usually black at maturity, 1–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000015944 morphology 3607C382-73E2-4281-B72D-0784DFB6E8BB Seeds without endosperm; embryo ± curved, incumbent or accumbent, isocotylous or heterocotylous. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:28053-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Trees; branches with very obvious leaf-scars urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Leaves tufted at tips of branches, simple, petiolate, entire; secondary veins numerous; stipules entire urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Flowers in terminal panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Calyx lobes 5, imbricate in bud, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Corolla contorted in bud; petals 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Stamens numerous in 3–5 whorls; anthers dehiscing by 2 apical pores urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Ovary sessile, of 2 carpels, 1-locular with basal placentation, the ovules in 2 rows, erect, anatropous; style scarcely distinct from ovary; stigmas 2, divergent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Achenes subwoody, surrounded by calyx with outer sepals accrescent and wing-like urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000022199 morphology F506FED5-16A9-49ED-B5FB-F3D82E1FE921 Seeds without endosperm. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14375-1 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Completely glabrous shrubs, shrublets or annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Leaves sessile to petiolate, serrate; stipules with laciniate margins or dissected into filamentous lobes, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Inflorescences paniculate terminal or few-flowered monochasial cymes or flowers solitary in axils of foliage leaves or reduced bract-like leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Sepals 5, quincuncially imbricate, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Petals 5, white or pink, deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Stamens 5, antisepalous, free with anthers dehiscing longitudinally; filaments short, in one species adnate to base of staminodial tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Staminodes 5, petaloid, opposite the true petals in one species but usually in 2 whorls; outer staminodes many in a continuous ring or in 5 antisepalous groups, short, filiform and capitate or narrowly petaloid; inner staminodes 5, antipetalous, petaloid, free, forming a sort of corona urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Ovary with 3 parietal placentas (or axile at the base) each with many ovules in 2 rows; style simple, slender with small stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 morphology 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 Capsule with 3 septicidal valves; seeds numerous with punctate testa, abundant endosperm and straight embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000034188 distribution 40D93092-E1CF-45B8-8919-D45BEB1BE4B3 About 25 species all but 3 confined to tropical America. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325993-2 wfo-4000039373 morphology 99FFDBE3-DB7B-4DA5-BFFB-7589371A4324 Annual or perennial herbs, freshwater aquatics, attached to rocks and stones in streams, rivers and near waterfalls; basal part thalloid, ribbon-like, branched, bearing short or long leafy shoots or abbreviated fertile shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32256-1 wfo-4000039373 morphology 99FFDBE3-DB7B-4DA5-BFFB-7589371A4324 Leaves small, spaced along sterile branches, dense and imbricate on flowering branches, arranged in 3 ranks, sessile, entire or divided urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32256-1 wfo-4000039373 morphology 99FFDBE3-DB7B-4DA5-BFFB-7589371A4324 Flowering shoots subtended by 2 or more short leafy branches, surrounding a reduced stem terminated by the solitary flower urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32256-1 wfo-4000039373 morphology 99FFDBE3-DB7B-4DA5-BFFB-7589371A4324 Flower terminal and/or axillary, subtended by 2 scarious bracts longer than the leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32256-1 wfo-4000039373 morphology 99FFDBE3-DB7B-4DA5-BFFB-7589371A4324 Perianth segments (tepals) 3, connate near base, scarious; stamen 1; ovary sessile, 3-locular, with 3 free filiform stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32256-1 wfo-4000039373 morphology 99FFDBE3-DB7B-4DA5-BFFB-7589371A4324 Fruit a ribbed capsule, septicidally 3-valved; seeds many, small. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32256-1 wfo-4000020865 morphology BFDEA373-AC50-4121-8341-6876C8526326 Perennial herbs, submerged freshwater aquatics; basal part thalloid, leafy, ribbon-like or deeply divided; shoots with well-developed usually branched stems urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32217-1 wfo-4000020865 morphology BFDEA373-AC50-4121-8341-6876C8526326 Leaves exstipulate, long and linear and then usually divided, or reduced and scale-like, borne on stems and branches or on fertile shoots only urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32217-1 wfo-4000020865 morphology BFDEA373-AC50-4121-8341-6876C8526326 Flowers terminal and solitary or occasionally also axillary to upper branches, reflexed in bud within the protective bracts (spathella); spathella tearing irregularly at anthesis, the elongating pedicel exserting, bearing the then erect flower urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32217-1 wfo-4000020865 morphology BFDEA373-AC50-4121-8341-6876C8526326 Tepals 2, linear or filiform; stamens 1–2(–3), the filaments connate in their lower part; ovary sessile or stalked, 1-locular with central placentation; stigmas 2, usually free urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32217-1 wfo-4000020865 morphology BFDEA373-AC50-4121-8341-6876C8526326 Capsule usually 8-ribbed, splitting into 2 equal carpels; seeds many, small, dorsiventrally flattened, with reticulate testa. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32217-1 wfo-4000036013 morphology 58894C33-EA53-4E08-9211-1C14CA496D86 Perennial herbs, submerged freshwater aquatics; thalloid base attached to substrate, foliaceous and lobed or ribbon-like and branched; stems absent or very short, to elongate and branched with leaves and flowers congested at the nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32249-1 wfo-4000036013 morphology 58894C33-EA53-4E08-9211-1C14CA496D86 Leaves dissected into filiform segments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32249-1 wfo-4000036013 morphology 58894C33-EA53-4E08-9211-1C14CA496D86 Spathellas ± sessile on the thalloid part or in clusters axillary to leaves on elongated stems, solitary or aggregated, subtended by 2 scale-like bracts, surrounding the reflexed flower bud until anthesis, when the flower breaks the spathella and the pedicel becomes exserted, with an erect flower urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32249-1 wfo-4000036013 morphology 58894C33-EA53-4E08-9211-1C14CA496D86 Flower with 2 tepals, these minute and subulate; stamen 1; ovary 1-locular, subspherical, with 2 subulate stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32249-1 wfo-4000036013 morphology 58894C33-EA53-4E08-9211-1C14CA496D86 Capsule subspherical, 8-ribbed, dehiscing into 2 equal or slightly unequal valves, the smaller one caducous; seeds many, black, flattened and ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32249-1 wfo-4000020949 morphology 73E52F48-72D5-46AD-83C8-97E9046D1556 Perennial herbs, submerged freshwater aquatics; thalloid base attached to substrate, foliaceous and lobed or ribbon-like and branched; stems elongate and branched urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32219-1 wfo-4000020949 morphology 73E52F48-72D5-46AD-83C8-97E9046D1556 Leaves dissected into linear segments urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32219-1 wfo-4000020949 morphology 73E52F48-72D5-46AD-83C8-97E9046D1556 Spathellas in clusters along the stems, solitary or aggregated, subtended by 2 scale-like bracts surrounding the reflexed flower bud until anthesis, when the flower breaks the spathella and the pedicel becomes exserted, with an erect flower urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32219-1 wfo-4000020949 morphology 73E52F48-72D5-46AD-83C8-97E9046D1556 Flower with 2 tepals, these minute and subulate; stamens 2; ovary 1-locular, subspherical, with 2 subulate stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32219-1 wfo-4000020949 morphology 73E52F48-72D5-46AD-83C8-97E9046D1556 Capsule globose, smooth, dehiscing into 2 equal caducous valves; seeds many, black, flattened and ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:32219-1 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Tufted, rhizomatous or mat-forming urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Stems of ♀as in♂, branching, rarely simple, cylindric or compressed to tetragonal; sheaths persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Male flowers aggregated into spikelets; bracts cartilaginous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Female inflorescences similar to the male, but spikelets usually fewer and larger urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Perianth cartilaginous or bony, the outer lateral tepals glabrous or villous, keeled urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Styles 3; ovary 1–3-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000032783 morphology E32E6730-9B67-4E2B-BFBA-F065CB9CC3A7 Fruit usually dehiscent. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331274-2 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Shrubs or herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Leaves sessile, alternate, oblong, linear or reduced to scales, 3-nerved urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Flowers hermaphrodite, axillary and terminal, solitary or in cymules; bracts generally conspicuous, often adnate to the pedicel or peduncle; bracteoles 2–several, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Perianth leathery; tube campanulate to cylindrical, often with evident glands below the sinuses of the lobes, sometimes tooth-like; lobes (3–)5, valvate, glabrous or variously fringed or bearded, the tips often hooded urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Stamens as many as the lobes, inserted on or at the base of the lobes; anthers in East African species attached to the lobes by a tuft of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Disk developed to varying degrees, fleshy, lobed, lining the perianth tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Ovary with 3 ovules pendent from apex of a free-central placenta, the placenta straight or twisted; style usually evident, simple urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000038188 morphology BF266C73-A9AC-4D88-8D38-24C5696978A2 Fruit usually shortly stipitate, indehiscent, globose or ovoid, usually bony, 10-ribbed and ± reticulate between the ribs, or less often fleshy, crowned with the persistent perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36256-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Scandent shrub; branchlets terete, ribbed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Leaves alternate, 3-nerved, petiolate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Flowers hermaphrodite, in long leafy terminal racemes or panicles, often solitary in the axil of each leaf-like bract, rarely in 3(–7)-flowered dichasia; bract free from peduncle; bracteoles 2, minute urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Perianth tube cylindric; lobes 5, valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Stamens 5, inserted at base of perianth lobes; anthers attached to face of lobe by a conspicuous tuft of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Disk lobed, distinct urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Ovary with 2–3 ovules from apex of erect twisted free-central placenta, the tip of which is drawn out into a point; stigma ± capitate, very obscurely 2–5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027424 morphology 3027BC43-C3C9-4332-970E-E3B849A95864 Fruit indehiscent, globose, endocarp bony, obscurely 5-ribbed, outer coat fleshy, crowned with persistent perianth. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36226-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Shrubs or small evergreen trees; branchlets ribbed by raised vascular strands running out into midribs of leaves, ultimate twiglets flattened urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Leaves petiolate, opposite or alternate, penninerved, coriaceous, both surfaces minutely and closely white-dotted urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Flowers hermaphrodite and male (plants androdioecious), axillary and terminal, either solitary or in 2–3-flowered dichasia or umbellate clusters, sometimes panicled; bracts and bracteoles very small, free from peduncle, soon deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Perianth tube very short; lobes usually 3 or 4, valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Stamens normally 3 or 4, inserted at base of perianth lobes; anthers attached to lobes by tuft of hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Disk fleshy, lobed, lining inside of perianth tube urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Ovary with 3–4 ovules pendent from apex of erect free-central placenta; stigma 3–4-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000027430 morphology 31450741-1FFC-4B32-9CF4-D7F65ABF0E82 Fruit indehiscent, ovoid, epicarp fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:36227-1 wfo-4000034966 morphology 985D84B9-CF54-48F1-833A-69F2BA2F1413 Description as for family. urn:kew.org:ftea:gen:desc:14332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003748-2 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Stems minutely appressed pubescent, up to 40 cm. tall from a woody perennial rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Leaf-rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 13 mm., not or hardly prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; stipules narrowly oblong-attenuate, up to 5 mm. long; leaflets 5–15, thickened at the margins, narrowly linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, pointed and recurved at the tip, up to 5 cm. long by 5 mm. wide, glabrous above, appressed strigulose beneath; veins very dense and prominent above and beneath, uniting to make a fairly strong marginal vein; terminal leaflets usually smaller than those near middle of leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Flowers purple, up to 6 per node, in short terminal or axillary pseudoracemes, also in upper leaf-axils; bracts lanceolate, caducous; pedicels up to 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Calyx reddish-brown, appressed silky; teeth triangular, acuminate, upper pair over half united, ± 2.5 mm. long, lateral 2.5 mm., lowest ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Standard golden-brown silky outside, ±16 mm. long by 17 mm. wide but variable in size; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Upper filament lightly attached, a large callous swelling 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 9 mm., free parts 2–3 mm., anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Style sharply bent through 110° 2 mm. above the base, linear, tapering near the apex, 7 mm. long, pubescent on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Pod ± 4 cm. long by 5–6 mm. wide, with short white appressed hairs, ascending; style-base straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000202802 morphology 6FB2497C-B6BB-46FC-9A34-CDE64BD4A966 Seeds (immature) 4–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520652-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Branching shrub up to 3 m. tall; hairs on stems white or fulvous, of two kinds—(a) short and dense, (b) sparser, weak, spreading, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Leaf-rhachis up to 10 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–10 mm., prolonged 2–8 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules ± persistent, broadly based, ovate-acuminate, up to 13 by 8 mm., tomentose outside, glabrous and striate within. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Leaflets 13–21, oblong, up to 50 by 15 mm., rounded or acute and apiculate at tip, rounded, truncate or cordate at the base, glabrous or sparsely pilose above, densely pubescent or tomentose beneath; midrib impressed above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Flowers purple in dense terminal ± sessile subglobose white or brown tomentose pseudoracemes; bracts large, ovate-acuminate; pedicels up to 9 or 12 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Calyx densely white or brown tomentose; tube ± 3 mm. long; teeth lanceolate-acuminate, with long weak tips, variable in length, up to 10 mm. long, the upper pair about two-fifths united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Standard silvery or fulvous silky, 13–17 mm. long, 14–17 mm. wide, cordate at base; keel glabrous or with a few hairs on the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Upper filament lightly attached, a marked callous protuberance 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath 9–10 mm., free parts 3–5 mm., anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Style sharply bent through 100° at the base, slightly spathulate, shortly pubescent within for most of its length, glabrous on the back, 7–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Pod ascending or spreading, straight, ± 4 cm. long by 6 mm. wide, white or fulvous tomentose; beak central, ± straight. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000201452 morphology B3932001-4593-4DDD-9119-FADDD9F53CF0 Seeds 3–6, black, ellipsoid, longitudinal, ± 4 by 3 mm.; hilum central, the aril very small, ring-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520368-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Annual or short-lived perennial, 20–150 cm. tall; stems rusty hirsute, the longer hairs often up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Leaf-rhachis up to 13 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–50 mm., prolonged up to 6 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules triangular-attenuate, rather falcate, ± 1 cm. long; leaflets 7–19, oblong-elliptic, gradually increasing in size from leaf-base, up to 55 by 13 mm., rounded or retuse at tip, narrowed at base, softly pubescent beneath and usually (in Flora area) less densely so above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Flowers pink or purple in rather dense pedunculate pseudoracemes, occasionally a few also in upper leaf-axils; bracts very narrowly triangular; pedicels ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Calyx densely rusty and white pubescent; tube 3 mm.; upper teeth broad and short (1.5 mm.), united except for the connivent tips, lateral teeth 2 mm., lowest 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Standard golden-brown silky outside, purple within, 12–18 mm. long, 10–15 mm. wide; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Upper filament lightly attached, widened and slightly callous 1 mm. above base; filament-sheath 14 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Style pubescent on both sides, linear, gradually curved in the lower half, 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Pod ascending, brown, curved slightly downwards as is also the beak, 5–6 cm. long, ± 6 mm. wide, stiffly pubescent with hairs about 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000203348 morphology 6B642611-4BC5-4272-9690-A45B89C10CC2 Seeds 12–20, brown, smooth, ellipsoid, transverse, ± 3 × 1.5 × 1 mm.; hilum at one side of the base; aril white, annular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520763-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Procumbent herb; stems reddish, sparsely appressed pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Leaf-rhachis up to 10 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 4 cm., not or hardly prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; stipules broadly ovate, auriculate at one side, up to 8 by 5 mm.; leaflets 7–15, narrowly oblong, up to 35 by 5 mm., rounded at the tip, glabrous above, pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Flowers pinkish-white in short pedunculate pseudoracemes and in upper leaf-axils; bracts broadly ovate, caducous; pedicels up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Calyx reddish, sparsely appressed pilose; tube 2–3 mm. long; upper teeth minute (± 0.2 mm. long), lateral ovate, 1.5 mm. long, lowest 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Standard silver and golden silky, ± 15 mm. long by 16 mm. wide; wings and keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Upper filament lightly attached, callously thickened 1 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 12 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Style pubescent on both sides, bent through 80° near the base, ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Pod straw-coloured with thickened green sutures, nearly straight, ± 5 cm. long by 5 mm. wide by 1.5 mm. thick, sparsely appressed pilose; beak continuing line of upper suture, rather downcurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0000201960 morphology 4D03B57C-7B9D-4511-A0F5-12CBFAC977D1 Seeds 10–13, greenish black, obliquely transverse, ± 3 by 1.8 mm.; hilum at the side of the base, hardly arillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520483-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Erect rather woody herb up to 3 m. tall; stems densely silvery silky. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Leaf-rhachis up to 10 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 15 mm., prolonged 2–9 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules caducous; leaflets 5–15, narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, up to 6 cm. long by 15 mm. wide, acute, densely silvery silky beneath and at margins, glabrous above except for the silky margin; midrib much impressed above, nerve network prominent above and beneath, chief lateral nerves ± 18 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Flowers orange in terminal and lateral moderately dense many-flowered pseudoracemes; bracts lanceolate, caducous, ± 7 mm. long; bracteoles similar, near or above the middle of the pedicels, which are up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Calyx densely brownish silky; tube ± 4 mm. long; lobes ovate-triangular, upper pair more than half united, ± 2 mm. long, lateral ± 5 mm., lowest 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Standard densely brownish silky outside, ± 22 mm. long by 27 mm. wide; keel brownish silky at the joined edge. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Upper filament firmly attached for 7 mm., bent and callous 1.5 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ± 15 mm., free parts 4–7 mm., anthers 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Style curved through 90° near base, tapering, pubescent on both sides, ± 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Pod 10–12-seeded, densely whitish tomentose, almost straight, ± 11 cm. long by 1 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0001055841 morphology BF439DCB-1A8C-49A7-A55B-CE6F512E88C0 Ripe seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520684-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F A softly woody branching herb 1–4 m. tall; stem tomentose with both short and long white or fulvous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Leaf-rhachis 10–25 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–3 cm., prolonged 2–7 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipules tomentose, very caducous, lanceolate, 1–2 cm. long; leaflets 13–29, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-oblanceolate, up to 5 by 2 cm., silky tomentose above and more densely so beneath, the nerves very obscure above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Flowers white or, less often, violet in dense terminal or sometimes axillary rusty tomentose pseudoracemes; peduncles stout, at least 2.5 mm. in diameter, ± as long as pseudoraceme; bracts caducous, ovate-acuminate, up to 12 by 9 mm.; pedicels up to 23 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Calyx brown tomentose; tube ± 4 mm. long; 2 upper lobes oblong, united almost to tip, rounded at apex, ± 6 mm. long; lateral lobes oblong, rounded at tip, ± 7 by 4 mm.; lower lobe narrow, boat-shaped, acute, ± 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Standard white silky, ± 23 mm. long by 25 mm. wide; keel pubescent at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Upper filament lightly attached, strongly dilated ± 2 mm. above the base; filament-sheath ±19 mm., free parts 4–8 mm., anthers 1.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Style bent through ± 70° 2 mm. above the base, in all ± 10 mm. long, shortly pubescent on both sides, incurved at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Pod straight, horizontal, densely white or, especially at the sutures, rusty tomentose, ± 110 by 13 by 4 mm., beak straight or slightly down-curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000204544 morphology 71FFD60C-F74C-4653-93BB-76DD5C98703F Seeds 12–16, black, smooth, oval, obliquely transverse, ± 7 by 4.5 by 3 mm.; hilum at side of narrower end, with a well-marked annular aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:521002-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Perennial herb with a stout woody taproot; stems prostrate, often forming a mat; hairs spreading, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Leaf-rhachis up to 4.5 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–12 mm., usually not prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; stipules ovate-lanceolate, up to 5 by 3 mm.; leaflets 5–11, cuneate-elliptic or cuneate-obovate, up to 26 by 17 mm., rounded or truncate at the tip, apiculate, glabrous or very sparsely pilose above, pilose beneath; chief nerves ± 7 on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Flowers pinkish-purple in short lax pseudoracemes and sometimes in upper leaf-axils; bracts persistent, ovate-acuminate or lanceolate, ± 3 mm. long; pedicels up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Calyx white pubescent; tube ± 3 mm. long; teeth acuminate, 4–5 mm. long, the upper pair half united. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Standard white pubescent, ± 9 by 9 mm.; keel glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Upper filament free, somewhat widened, but not callous or bent, just above the base; filament-sheath ± 8 mm., free parts 3–5 mm., anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Style pubescent, bent through 80° near the base, ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Pod white pubescent, perhaps indehiscent, 10–20 by 6 mm., the beak ± central, down-curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000203981 morphology 22CAA584-6387-4984-B455-12F6A0E7CA5B Seeds 1–5, oblong-elliptic, longitudinal, ± 5 by 3 by 1.5 mm.; hilum almost central, the aril minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520856-1 wfo-0000201618 morphology 3BB79D9B-5103-4278-93CD-FAA7428A98F1 Stems appressed pubescent, probably procumbent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520374-1 wfo-0000201618 morphology 3BB79D9B-5103-4278-93CD-FAA7428A98F1 Petiole short; leaflets 3, or rarely 1, linear or linear-oblong, glabrous above, appressed pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520374-1 wfo-0000201618 morphology 3BB79D9B-5103-4278-93CD-FAA7428A98F1 Inflorescence usually 2-fiowered on a peduncle rather shorter than the leaf; pedicel and calyx rusty tomentose, about equal in length; calyx-teeth lanceolate-subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520374-1 wfo-0000201618 morphology 3BB79D9B-5103-4278-93CD-FAA7428A98F1 Standard silky outside, about 3 times as long as the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520374-1 wfo-0000201618 morphology 3BB79D9B-5103-4278-93CD-FAA7428A98F1 Pod elongated, rusty tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:520374-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Prostrate or erect annual, occasionally rooting at the nodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Stem often flattened, sparsely strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Leaves simple; stipules ± subulate, 2–3 mm. long; petiole 1–2 mm. long; blade elliptic to broadly lanceolate, 2–4 cm. long, 1.5–2.5 cm. wide, sometimes with a cartilaginous margin less than 0.1 mm. wide, obscurely gland-dotted beneath, appressed-strigulose above (in Flora area) and beneath, the hairs at the margin set at right-angles to it and rather larger than the others. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Racemes 10–15-flowered, 3–4 cm. long, including a peduncle of 1–1.5 cm.; pedicels reflexed, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Calyx ±2.5 mm. long; lobes several times as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Corolla pointed in the bud, strigulose outside, hardly longer than the calyx, very caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Stamens 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Ovary 2-ovulate, 1 ovule usually much reduced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Pod indehiscent, brown, falcate, triquetrous, ± 7 mm. long, 4 mm. wide and 4 mm. thick, the 2 lower angles beset with stiff ± hooked spines, 1 (rarely–2)-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000194005 morphology 31E8218A-238D-4316-8C4B-4248685099BD Fig. 35/12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499732-1 wfo-0000191900 morphology 904951F5-36D8-4C13-A582-D9C6F5992E88 A more or less procumbent perennial herb, sometimes rooting at the nodes, much resembling I. nummulariïfolia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499278-1 wfo-0000191900 morphology 904951F5-36D8-4C13-A582-D9C6F5992E88 Beside the differences shown in the key the corolla is usually rather larger and less caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499278-1 wfo-0000191900 morphology 904951F5-36D8-4C13-A582-D9C6F5992E88 Leaf-blades ovate, elliptic or most often oblong-elliptic, usually cordate at the base, sometimes truncate or rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499278-1 wfo-0000191900 morphology 904951F5-36D8-4C13-A582-D9C6F5992E88 Hairs on stems and inflorescence-rhachis nearly always crisped, spreading at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499278-1 wfo-0000191900 morphology 904951F5-36D8-4C13-A582-D9C6F5992E88 Fig. 35/1–11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499278-1 wfo-0000196443 morphology 9AF3CBB4-98FD-48BC-B2BB-43E5CB90E39C Closely resembles I. drepanocarpa, but the leaves are elliptic and more or less cuneate or less often rounded at the base, never truncate or cordate, and the hairs on the stems and inflorescence-rhachis very sparse and appressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500199-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Prostrate short-lived perennial, everywhere covered by a rather dense appressed greyish indumentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Leaves 3–5-foliolate; stipules subulate, stiffly erect, up to 2 mm. long; rhachis, including a petiole of up to 10 mm., up to 13 mm. long, not, or but shortly, prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets linear-lanceolate, the terminal up to 30 mm. long and 2.5 mm. wide, the lateral usually smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Racemes many-flowered, up to 35 mm. long, including a peduncle of up to 7 mm.; bracts ± 1 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels under 1 mm. long, reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Calyx deeply divided into subulate lobes, 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Corolla silvery outside, 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Stamens 4–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Style rather persistent, ± 3 mm. long, bent above the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Pod curved, flat, swollen above the 3–5 seeds but without a lateral ridge, up to 11 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 0.9 mm. thick; endocarp not mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000194091 morphology 28356834-4731-4A41-A33B-4B043D3A8544 Seeds orange, subquadrate, smooth or slightly corrugated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499748-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Strigose spreading annual up to 50 cm. tall with ridged stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Leaves 3–5(–7)-foliolate; stipules subulate-filiform, ± 5 mm. long; petiole 8–20 mm. long, about as long as the rhachis which extends up to 7 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, 2–3 times as long as wide, rounded, truncate or emarginate at the apex, up to 3 cm. long in luxuriant plants, strigose beneath, sparsely strigose or, less often, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Racemes shortly pedunculate, many-flowered, shorter than or about as long as the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Corolla shorter than, or but little longer than, the deeply divided 2–3 mm. long calyx, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Pod curved, appearing jointed because of the transverse ridges formed by the septa, obtuse except for the persistent subulate style-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Seeds flat, kidney-shaped, yellowish, smooth, ±2 × 1.3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000192744 morphology 6A18371E-8259-4B54-846D-C26F3CE3C4A8 Fig. 36/7, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499463-1 wfo-0000194501 morphology E1C78404-664F-4671-8A36-955DE9D2FABD Closely related to I. hochstetteri from which it differs as in the key. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499853-1 wfo-0000194501 morphology E1C78404-664F-4671-8A36-955DE9D2FABD Leaves up to 9-foliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499853-1 wfo-0000194501 morphology E1C78404-664F-4671-8A36-955DE9D2FABD Calyx two-thirds as long as the 3 mm. long stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499853-1 wfo-0000194501 morphology E1C78404-664F-4671-8A36-955DE9D2FABD Seeds quadrangular, flattened, mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499853-1 wfo-0000194501 morphology E1C78404-664F-4671-8A36-955DE9D2FABD Fig. 36/6, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499853-1 wfo-0000195272 morphology BDEFAF46-595F-4615-8FC4-0E577534AD86 Closely related to I. hochstetteri and I. praticola; differing in its usually narrower (2 mm. wide) almost straight 7–10-seeded fruit and the calyx only about half as long as the 4–5 mm. long stamens or less. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500007-1 wfo-0000195272 morphology BDEFAF46-595F-4615-8FC4-0E577534AD86 Leaflets glabrous above or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500007-1 wfo-0000195272 morphology BDEFAF46-595F-4615-8FC4-0E577534AD86 The fruiting raceme is up to 9 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500007-1 wfo-0000195272 morphology BDEFAF46-595F-4615-8FC4-0E577534AD86 Fig. 36/8, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500007-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D A spreading strigose herb, probably perennial, with branches up to 25 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules ± linear, up to 8 mm. long; petiole ± 2 cm. long; rhachis 5–7 mm. long; leaflets elliptic-oblong, obtuse, up to 24 mm. long and 12 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D Racemes many-flowered, up to 10 cm. long, including a peduncle up to 4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D Calyx deeply divided, less than half as long as the 4 mm. long stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D Corolla dull yellow, the standard rather persistent, strigose outside, ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D Pod straight, acute, with a continuous lateral ridge, ± 15–18 mm. long, 2.4 mm. wide, stiffly pilose, ± 5-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191620 morphology ECA0697F-6E0E-46CD-88B5-311E5668BB1D Fig. 36/5, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499214-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C A slender, spreading, sparingly strigulose annual, up to 20 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Stipules subulate, ± 2 mm. long; rhachis prolonged ± 2–4 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets, up to 5 cm. long in all, including the 1–2 cm. long petiole; leaflets 1–3-jugate, linear, up to 3.5 cm. long, less than 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Racemes many-flowered, sessile, shorter than the subtending leaf. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Stamens ± 3.5 mm. long, less than twice as long as the deeply divided calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Corolla caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Leaves 3–18 cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths pale brown, smooth, glabrous, gradually tapered to the apex; ligule absent; lamina flattened, glabrous, smooth or with minutely denticulate margins; apex solid, acute, sometimes incurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Peduncle 10–26 cm. long, smooth, terete, weakly 2-ridged above; spike ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. long; bracts dark brown, with an almost black midrib forming a keel towards the apex and excurrent as a mucro; lowest sterile bracts elliptic, ± 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; upper sterile bracts elliptic, 3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; fertile bracts 4.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Lateral sepals slightly curved, ± 5.2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; pale brown, keel entire, very dark, particularly towards the apex; corolla-lobes suborbicular, ± 4.5 mm. in diameter, apex (?always) dentate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Filaments ± 1 mm. long; anthers 1.5 mm. long; staminodes much-branched, forming dense tufts of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Ovary obovoid, ± 3 mm. long; style 5.5 mm. long in total, branches 2.5 mm. long; stigmas peltate, many-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000612141 morphology 0D7D0DF9-5AF1-4ED5-8AA5-94314EA1B59F Seeds ellipsoid, 0.6–0.7 mm. long, with ± 12 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871560-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Small tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Leaves 5–8(–11) cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths brown, smooth, glabrous except for ciliate margins below; ligule not seen; lamina linear, smooth, glabrous; apex acute, solid, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Peduncles 20–30 cm. long, terete, glabrous, smooth, weakly grooved longitudinally; sheaths smooth, shorter than the leaves; spike ellipsoid, later obtriangular, dark brown, 4–5 mm. long; outer sterile bracts obovate, 3.5 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, brown, keeled towards the emarginate apex, nerve strong but poorly defined, excurrent as a mucro, inner sterile bracts similar but nerve less prominent and apiculus lacking, apex often splitting but probably not truly laciniate; fertile bracts similar but thinner and more concave. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Lateral sepals boat-shaped, 3.5 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, pale brown, darker on the entire glabrous keel; corolla yellow, tube 3 mm. long; lobes oblong, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Stamens 1 mm. long including 0.5 mm. anthers; staminodes bunches of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Ovary obovoid, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. in diameter; style 3 mm. long, the upper third trifid; stigmas 2–3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Capsule obovoid, 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. long, 0.3 mm. in diameter, longitudinally ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000611400 morphology 4D916AA1-93AD-470B-AA6B-8E8A1F6FCFBA Fig. 1/11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871502-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Perennial forming dense tufts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Leaves markedly distichous at the base, up to 13 cm. long; sheaths ± 2.5 cm. long, 4 mm. wide near the base, pale brown, tinged red when young, smooth, margins and keel ciliate below, otherwise glabrous; ligule whitish, rounded, ± 2 mm. long; lamina ± 10 cm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, smooth, ± terete; apex apiculate, symmetric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Peduncle up to 30 cm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter, smooth, terete; spike few-flowered, with one flower open at a time, ellipsoid when young, broader when old, ± 6 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, dark shining brown; outer sterile bracts broadly ovate, ± 4 mm. long, 2.2 mm. wide, inner ± 4.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, all concave, crustaceous, brown, apex rounded; fertile bracts similar, ± 6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Lateral sepals 5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, the keel denticulate, particularly in the lower half; corolla yellow, tube 3 mm. long, lobes broadly ovate, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, apex dentate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Stamens 3 mm. long; anther 2 mm. long; staminodes bifurcate, with bunches of long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Ovary oblong, 2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter; style trifurcate near apex; stigmas much-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. long, 0.3 mm. in diameter, with 12–14 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000609644 morphology 26AC5F17-1712-4C8F-8A33-C5E8E58AAE5B Fig. 1/13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871381-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Slender perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Leaves 8–12 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide; sheaths rugulose, tapering to apex and expanded at the base, with smooth scarious margins which are ciliate particularly towards the base; ligule absent; lamina linear, flattened, rugulose; apex solid, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Peduncles 35–50 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. in diameter, terete, smooth; spike subspherical, 5–7 mm. in diameter at maturity, dark brown; sterile bracts suborbicular, the lowest ± 2 mm. in diameter; fertile bracts ± 4 mm. in diameter, thinly coriaceous, 3-nerved, pale olive-brown, apex rounded, often splitting. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Lateral sepals arcuate, 4–4.5 mm. long, the keel bluntly ciliate-denticulate, most markedly so towards the middle; corolla yellow, tube ± 5 mm. long, lobes elliptic, ± 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Anthers ± 1 mm. long; staminodes bifurcate, the branches long-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Ovary ellipsoid, ± 3 mm. long; style ± 3 mm. long, 3-branched; stigmas many-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Seeds broadly elliptic, ± 0.3 mm. long, 0.25 mm. in diameter, with more than 20 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000614290 morphology 2EA084B0-C20D-4766-A6E3-8B7D120C860B Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004862-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Perennial from slightly swollen base composed of persistent leaf-sheaths and leaf-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Leaves up to 25 cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths blackish brown, longitudinally ridged, otherwise smooth, shiny, glabrous; ligule rounded, 2-lobed; lamina linear, smooth or very slightly rugulose; apex acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Peduncles 25–38 cm. long, ± 1 mm. in diameter, glabrous, 2-ridged towards the apex; spike subspherical, ± 8 mm. in diameter; sterile bracts very broadly ellipsoid, ± 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, retuse at apex, thinly coriaceous, dark olive-brown; fertile bracts similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Lateral sepals 6 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, apiculate, keel bluntly denticulate; corolla yellow, lobes broadly ovate, ± 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, dentate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Stamens ± 2.5 mm. long, including the 1 mm. long anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Style-branches trifid at the apex; stigmatic surfaces swollen and rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Ovary not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. long, 0.3 mm. in diameter, with ± 16 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000613058 morphology B6564FEC-4A22-4340-B667-CDE9961B42C2 Fig. 1/15. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871623-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Annual forming small tufts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Leaves linear, 4–8(–15) cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, glabrous, sometimes rugulose towards the base, gradually tapering to the weakly curved apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Peduncles up to 35 cm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter, weakly 2-ridged particularly towards the apex, sometimes weakly rugulose on the ridges; spike narrowly ovoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 4.5–6.5 mm. long; sterile bracts 4, ovate, 3–4 mm. long, 1.7–2.5 mm. wide, acute, apiculate, pale brown or yellowish with a darker centre and apex, keeled towards the apex; fertile bracts similar but larger, ± 5 mm. long, 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Lateral sepals oblong, strongly keeled, ± 5 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, pale brown, keel entire, brown, darker particularly towards the apex, third sepal membranous, forming a hood over the bud; corolla-tube ± 2 mm. long, lobes oblong, ± 2 mm. long, 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Filament ligulate, 0.5 mm. long; anthers 0.5 mm. long; staminodes much-branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Style-branches ± 1 mm. long; stigmas much-branched and lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Seeds broadly ellipsoid, ± 0.35 mm. long, 0.2 mm. in diameter, with 14–20 longitudinally ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000614153 morphology 14BBD406-EF7C-43FD-8751-240317557BF5 Fig. 1/18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871701-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Small annual, forming loose tufts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Leaves distichous, 2–6 (–14) cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, glabrous, rugulose, apex solid, acuminate to aristate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Peduncle 8–20(–30) cm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter, rugulose, 2- winged, particularly toward the apex; spike subglobose, ± 3 mm. in diameter; lowest bracts broadly elliptic, 1.3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; sterile bracts broadly spathulate, ± 1.8 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, apiculate, smooth, vinous-red to reddish-brown; fertile bracts broadly elliptic, ± 2.7 mm. long, 2.4 mm. wide, keeled, pale red-brown with a darker keel, smooth, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Lateral sepals arcuate, folded, pale brown, 2.2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, apiculate, keel smooth; corolla-tube 2 mm. long, lobes suborbicular, ± 1.8 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Stamens 0.8 mm. long; filament 0.4 mm. long; anthers 0.4 mm. long, divergent at the base; staminodes bifurcate, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Ovary obovoid, 1.5 mm. long; style 1 mm. long, branches 1 mm. long; stigma branches recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Seeds ellipsoid, 0.3 mm. long, 0.15 mm. in diameter, with 12–14 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613624 morphology D33828F0-8E43-4840-9E9D-1DBB9FF5158B Fig. 1/19. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871662-1 wfo-0000613810 morphology 46DC2097-6CF2-4F23-A511-C6E39D4002E8 Small annual attaining 30 cm. in height, very similar to the previous species, but differing in the smooth (not rugulose) sheaths and laminas, in the incurved, obtuse, sometimes mucronate (not straight and aristate) lamina and peduncle-sheath apices, and in the more strongly keeled emarginate and apiculate fertile bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871674-1 wfo-0000613810 morphology 46DC2097-6CF2-4F23-A511-C6E39D4002E8 Fig. 1/20. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871674-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Small annual. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Leaves 2–3 cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths smooth, glabrous, brown, gradually dilated to the base, rather abruptly tapering above; ligule absent or up to 0.5 mm. long; lamina linear, smooth, glabrous; apex acute to obtuse, incurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Peduncles 6–13 cm. long, smooth, glabrous, terete or slightly 2-ridged towards the apex; mature spike ellipsoid, 3–4 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. in diameter, dark brown; outer sterile bracts very broadly ovate, 1.5 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, concave; inner sterile bracts suborbicular, 2 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, concave; fertile bracts suborbicular, ± 2.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, concave, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Lateral sepals arcuate, 2.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, acute, keel entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Filament ± 1 mm. long; anthers ± 1 mm. long, sagittate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Ovary ± 1.2 mm. long; style 1.5 mm. long, 3-branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Seeds (immature only seen) ellipsoid, ± 0.25 mm. long, with 12–14 longitudinal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000612981 morphology 4E9254A3-6CE8-4727-80FD-663663258F41 Fig. 1/21. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871617-1 wfo-0000770293 morphology 57695A67-94E9-47AA-BCED-73FD6FFB4EF4 Submerged aquatic herb forming dense tangled mats, resembling fine grass; rhizome thin, branching freely; stems erect, to 50 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603593-1 wfo-0000770293 morphology 57695A67-94E9-47AA-BCED-73FD6FFB4EF4 Leaves 1–3 per node, ternate, opposite or alternate, greenish brown, subterete or linear, 1.2–5 cm long, 0.5–2 mm wide, at base with or without tubular, membranous sheath, at apex attenuate; axillary scales minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603593-1 wfo-0000770293 morphology 57695A67-94E9-47AA-BCED-73FD6FFB4EF4 Flowers almost consistently 1 ♂ and a cluster of ♀ together at each pseudowhorl or distally sometimes ♂ alone, each surrounded by a membranous sheath; staminate flower of a single stamen, filament elongating at anthesis, to 2 cm long, anther 4–8-locular, at base with small axial protuberance, at apex with gland; pollen glandular; pistillate flowers (1–)4–5(–8) in pseudo-umbel, when immature enclosed in cupular sheath, peduncle 1–5 mm long, carpel ovoid, stipitate, stigma spoon-shaped but rapidly disintegrating. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603593-1 wfo-0000770293 morphology 57695A67-94E9-47AA-BCED-73FD6FFB4EF4 Fruit reniform, 2–6 mm long, with a keel and protuberances on convex and sometimes concave sides, stipitate, with persistent style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603593-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Perennial herb; rhizome slender, 0.5–2 mm in diameter with 1–2(–3) roots and a prophyllum or leaf at each node; stems of leafy branches arising from axils of rhizomatic leaves, with 2–5 leaves; stems of fertile branches developing from lateral branches, 0.5–10(–25) cm high, with 1–7 spathes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Leaves dark green, 2–30(–135) cm long, 0.5–2.5 mm wide, 3-nerved with 2–4 accessory bundles in between, the midrib widening at apex, apex asymmetrically rounded, eventually emarginate; sheath membranous, 1–5(–7) cm long, open, with membranous flaps, more enveloping proximally, biauriculate, 3-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Spathes pedunculate, the peduncle connate with the stem axis for up to 3.5 cm, free for 1.4–3.3 cm; prophyll 1–2.5 cm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide; spathe-sheath 0.8–2.5 cm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, amplexicaul; spathe-blade to 6.5(–10) cm long, deciduous after flowering; spadix 1–1.5 cm long, 1–3 mm wide, with 6–10 flowers, the retinacula obovate to triangular, 0.5–1.5 mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Stamens shed after liberation of pollen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Pistillate flowers with ovary 1–2 mm long, style 1–1.5 mm long, stigmatic arms 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Fruit indehiscent, yellowish brown, narrowly ovoid, 2–2.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, faintly 20–24-striate; seed ellipsoid, flattened at one end, 2–2.5 mm long, with reddish brown testa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000752307 morphology 9CB1201E-5B68-444E-9F42-3FEA40955C86 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699875-1 wfo-0000024237 morphology 2EB2BE0E-2171-4ECC-AF01-4E194AC9F80B Evergreen shrub or slender erect tree 2–40 m tall, with ascending branches and rather light crown; trunk up to ± 60 cm in diameter, usually very fluted, eventually ± buttressed; bark light grey, longitudinally fissured, fibrous, peeling in long narrow shreds; young twigs densely shortly white-tomentose, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186094-1 wfo-0000024237 morphology 2EB2BE0E-2171-4ECC-AF01-4E194AC9F80B Leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 0.3–1 cm long; blade oblanceolate, obovate or elliptic, 3–12(–15) cm long, 1–3(–5.5) cm wide, base cuneate or rarely rounded, margins entire or sometimes remotely denticulate, apex acute to obtuse and shortly acuminate, mucronate, coriaceous, strongly discolorous, green and glabrous above, silvery white or grey with short dense persistent tomentum beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186094-1 wfo-0000024237 morphology 2EB2BE0E-2171-4ECC-AF01-4E194AC9F80B Capitula subsessile, numerous in clusters on short side-branches or bracteate raceme-like axillary thyrses shorter than the leaves, the female shorter and with fewer capitula than the male; involucre ± cylindrical or campanulate, the male 2–5 mm long, the female 3–6 mm long; phyllaries 5–8, densely white-tomentose, in the female glabrescent with age, glabrous or subglabrous above, the inner much longer than the outer, the innermost 3–5 elliptic, acute, 2.5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186094-1 wfo-0000024237 morphology 2EB2BE0E-2171-4ECC-AF01-4E194AC9F80B Florets 3–9, long-exserted; corolla white; corolla tube of male florets broader than in female, 1.3–2 mm long, lobes 5, narrowly oblong, 2–3 mm long, recurved; corolla tube of female florets slender, cylindrical, shortly 2-lipped, 5-lobed, 3.5–6 mm long, lobes slender, lanceolate, ± 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186094-1 wfo-0000024237 morphology 2EB2BE0E-2171-4ECC-AF01-4E194AC9F80B Achenes in female columnar or flattened, slightly narrowed towards the base, 2.8–4 mm long, 5–8-ribbed, densely pubescent and glandular; pappus of pale tawny minutely barbellate setae, 4–6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186094-1 wfo-0000024237 morphology 2EB2BE0E-2171-4ECC-AF01-4E194AC9F80B Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186094-1 wfo-0000116602 morphology 0A134392-086A-42C6-8AF5-D6C403DA91BD Shrub or small tree to 9 m tall, usually much-branched; trunk diameter to 40 cm; bark brown or grey, rough, longitudinally fissured, exfoliating in long strips; young stems densely clothed in white felt-like tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255156-1 wfo-0000116602 morphology 0A134392-086A-42C6-8AF5-D6C403DA91BD Leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 0.2–1 cm long; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or oblanceolate, 2–13.5 cm long, 0.4–4.5 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins entire, apex obtuse or subacute and shortly mucronate, discolorous, green and glabrous except for mid-rib above, felted with dense white or grey tomentum beneath, prominently pinnately veined, strongly camphor-scented when crushed; on coppice shoots may be larger and more tomentose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255156-1 wfo-0000116602 morphology 0A134392-086A-42C6-8AF5-D6C403DA91BD Capitula small, numerous in usually copious terminal compound open paniculoid thyrses, leafy in lower part with smaller bracts in upper part and yellow-brown tomentose when young, shortly pedicellate; involucres campanulate, 2.5–6 mm long; phyllaries ± 5, 2–6 mm long, tomentose beneath, glabrous above, in male capitula connate in lower 1/2–1/4, in female capitula free. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255156-1 wfo-0000116602 morphology 0A134392-086A-42C6-8AF5-D6C403DA91BD Male florets 12–66; corolla white, tube infundibuliform, 1.8–3.5 mm long with long white hairs, lobes ovate, 0.5–1.3 mm long, styles white, the upper part long-exserted; female florets 1–6; corolla almost glabrous to densely hairy, 4–5-lobed, 0.8–1.2 mm long, lobes ovate, 0.5–0.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255156-1 wfo-0000116602 morphology 0A134392-086A-42C6-8AF5-D6C403DA91BD Achenes obovoid in outline, narrowed towards the base and apex, brown, 1.6–4 mm long, 3-ribbed on one face, 1-ribbed on the other, densely covered in long white cotton-woolly hairs and crowned with persistent corolla. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255156-1 wfo-0000116602 morphology 0A134392-086A-42C6-8AF5-D6C403DA91BD Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255156-1 wfo-0000092508 morphology 1765509A-82E7-421C-8310-B4EF99C8A63B Herb with woody rootstock and fleshy roots; crown of rootstock densely woolly with long white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208956-1 wfo-0000092508 morphology 1765509A-82E7-421C-8310-B4EF99C8A63B Leaves petiolate, densely white-cottony when young; petiole often tinged purple or magenta, 1–25 cm long; blade obovate, elliptic or ovate, 2–20 cm long, 1–10 cm wide, base rounded, broadly cuneate, truncate or cordate, margins sinuate or sinuate-denticulate or rarely ± entire, apex obtuse and apiculate or rarely shortly acuminate, pale green, finely puberulous and ± glabrescent, sometimes cottony-floccose or rarely shortly pilose beneath, bright green, subglabrous or minutely punctate or rarely shortly pilose above, fringed with short hairs and sometimes darkened at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208956-1 wfo-0000092508 morphology 1765509A-82E7-421C-8310-B4EF99C8A63B Scapes 1–3 from each rosette, sometimes precocious, green, 10–75 cm tall, pubescent with rather sparse to dense ± spreading cottony hairs, denser, more appressed and often brownish in upper part, not inflated below the capitulum, ebracteate; capitula with the rays ± twice as long as the involucre, ± 2.5 cm in diameter; involucre cylindrical or shortly so, thinly to densely cottony with long hairs at the base, 8–17 mm long, becoming broader, slightly longer (12–18 mm) and nodding in fruit; phyllaries 20–50, lanceolate, green or variously tinged purple or brownish, the longest 10–15.5 mm long, acute, subglabrous to densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208956-1 wfo-0000092508 morphology 1765509A-82E7-421C-8310-B4EF99C8A63B Outer florets 20–35, female; corolla 14–23 mm long, with the outer lip ray-like, white or pinkish above, pink to deep maroon beneath, 10–19 mm long, 1.8–2.7 mm wide; outermost inner florets ± 15–30, female, innermost 30–120, hermaphrodite; corollas with subequal lips, white or cream, 5–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208956-1 wfo-0000092508 morphology 1765509A-82E7-421C-8310-B4EF99C8A63B Achenes fusiform, brown, 7–9 mm long, 10-ribbed, beaked, shortly pilose; pappus of stramineous shortly barbellate bristles, 5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208956-1 wfo-0000092508 morphology 1765509A-82E7-421C-8310-B4EF99C8A63B Fig. 3/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208956-1 wfo-0000093657 morphology 4E19B54F-E4CB-444A-9256-C0CCDD5C0C7B Herb with woody rootstock and fleshy roots; crown of rootstock densely woolly with long white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208839-1 wfo-0000093657 morphology 4E19B54F-E4CB-444A-9256-C0CCDD5C0C7B Leaves ± prostrate, petiolate; petiole 2–20 cm long; blade obovate or elliptic, 4.5–9.5(–20) cm long, 1.5–4(–9) cm wide, base subtruncate, rounded or cuneate-attenuate, margins sinuate-denticulate, remotely denticulate or subentire, apex obtuse or rounded, apiculate or obscurely acuminate, pinnately veined, strongly discolorous, silvery grey with short dense persistent tomentum beneath, dark green, finely scattered pilose, glabrous except for long hairs on the midrib or glabrous above, fringed with short sometimes glandular hairs at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208839-1 wfo-0000093657 morphology 4E19B54F-E4CB-444A-9256-C0CCDD5C0C7B Scapes 1–2 from each rosette, sometimes precocious, green, 20–60 cm tall, pubescent with fine tomentum and longer ± spreading cottony hairs, ± glabrescent in lower part, sometimes also with glandular hairs, not or little inflated below the capitulum, ebracteate; capitula with the rays ± twice as long as the involucre, ± 2.5 cm in diameter; involucre cylindrical with brownish tomentum and longer cottony hairs at the base, 10–15 mm long, becoming broader and slightly longer in fruit; phyllaries ± 35, lanceolate, acute, thinly pubescent to densely brownish-tomentose, sometimes glandular, green or variously tinged purple or brownish, the longest ± 11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208839-1 wfo-0000093657 morphology 4E19B54F-E4CB-444A-9256-C0CCDD5C0C7B Outer florets ± 20, female; corolla 13.5–14 mm long, with the outer lip ray-like, yellow, orange or white and then usually tinged pink to purplish beneath, 10–12 mm long, 2.5–2.7 mm wide; outermost inner florets ± 20, female, innermost ± 60, hermaphrodite; corollas ± 8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208839-1 wfo-0000093657 morphology 4E19B54F-E4CB-444A-9256-C0CCDD5C0C7B Achenes fusiform, brown, 6.5–7 mm long, 8–10-ribbed, somewhat arcuate, attenuate into a beak somewhat shorter than the body of the achene, densely shortly pilose; pappus of deep tawny brown or (not in East Africa) purplish shortly barbellate bristles, 6–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208839-1 wfo-0000062767 morphology 70B14A01-467D-4CEC-B414-0181CB22D6AD Herb with thick perennial rootstock and fleshy roots; crown of rootstock densely woolly with long white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208929-1 wfo-0000062767 morphology 70B14A01-467D-4CEC-B414-0181CB22D6AD Leaves prostrate or semi-prostrate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, obovate, broadly elliptic or ovate, 5.5–30 cm long, 1–8 cm wide, base attenuate to cuneate or rounded to an unwinged petioloid base, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes very shortly acuminate, pinnately veined, ± densely cottony-pilose and sometimes woolly on petioloid base and lower part of mid-rib beneath, scattered-pilose to almost glabrous above, with usually prominently brownish-hairy margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208929-1 wfo-0000062767 morphology 70B14A01-467D-4CEC-B414-0181CB22D6AD Scapes 1–3 from each rosette, rarely precocious, green or purplish, 7–95 cm long, ± tomentose in lower part, the uppermost ± 2 cm immediately below the capitulum inflated and very densely tomentose with usually golden-brown hairs, ebracteate or rarely with a few small bracts towards the apex; capitula with the rays ± equalling the involucre, ± 2 cm in diameter; involucre narrowly urn-shaped or cylindrical, 16–28 mm long, becoming broader and slightly longer in fruit; phyllaries ± 25–55, green or purplish or purplish only at the tips, lanceolate, the longest 13–19 mm long, acute, usually densely brownish-pilose, rarely subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208929-1 wfo-0000062767 morphology 70B14A01-467D-4CEC-B414-0181CB22D6AD Outer florets ± 15–35, female; corolla 12.5–15.5 mm long, with the outer lip ray-like, 5–10 mm long, ± 1.2 mm wide, white usually tinged pink to maroon on the outside, at least at the apex; outermost inner florets female, ± 15–65 or rarely absent, innermost ± 15–50 hermaphrodite; corollas white, 7.5–11 mm long, lips subequal. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208929-1 wfo-0000062767 morphology 70B14A01-467D-4CEC-B414-0181CB22D6AD Achenes brownish, minutely pubescent, fusiform, ± 3-angled with 5–7 prominent ribs, attenuate into a long beak, 8–11(–19) mm long; pappus of tawny setae 7.5–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208929-1 wfo-0000062767 morphology 70B14A01-467D-4CEC-B414-0181CB22D6AD Fig. 3/5–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:208929-1 wfo-0000004304 morphology 0D652199-91CA-403F-B617-8910CD6DD23A Erect often much-branched and bushy rather woody annual herb 5–70 cm tall; stems tinged purple or brown, white-tomentose, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201373-1 wfo-0000004304 morphology 0D652199-91CA-403F-B617-8910CD6DD23A Leaves narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 2–9.5 cm long, 0.2–1.1 cm wide, attenuate at the base, closely shortly apiculate-serrulate, obtuse, aristate-apiculate, discolorous, green and thinly finely tomentose above, white or grey with dense fine tomentum beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201373-1 wfo-0000004304 morphology 0D652199-91CA-403F-B617-8910CD6DD23A Capitula discoid, solitary or few in the leaf axils, subsessile or shortly pedunculate; involucre obconic, becoming campanulate-cylindrical in fruit, 12–17.5 mm long, thinly tomentose, glabrescent; phyllaries ± 35–50, 4-seriate, becoming progressively longer inwards, with the outer spreading or recurving and the innermost erect, narrowly triangular-lanceolate or lanceolate, scarious except for thickened mid-rib, attenuate or acuminate-attenuate into a rather soft scabrid-ciliate spine, pale green then stramineous, often purple-tinged, the longest 11.5–15 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201373-1 wfo-0000004304 morphology 0D652199-91CA-403F-B617-8910CD6DD23A Florets 5–15, all hermaphrodite; corolla cream, pale yellow or pale mauve, 4–7 mm long, lobes 2.5–3.5 mm long, anthers long-exserted, styles purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201373-1 wfo-0000004304 morphology 0D652199-91CA-403F-B617-8910CD6DD23A Achenes turbinate, brown, strongly 10-ribbed, with dense long white ascending apically bifid hairs at the base and between the ribs, 2–3 mm long; pappus of numerous unequal outer strongly barbellate bristles and 10 inner lanceolate acute membranous scales, 4.7–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201373-1 wfo-0000004304 morphology 0D652199-91CA-403F-B617-8910CD6DD23A Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201373-1 wfo-0000044768 morphology 3FA705DD-1E01-4ABE-A9B8-802698A57ACE Perennial woody herb, 15–65 cm tall, semi-prostrate or erect, tufted; rootstock woody, tuberous; stems decumbent or ascending, ridged, white-tomentose, glabrescent, ± purplish-tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201313-1 wfo-0000044768 morphology 3FA705DD-1E01-4ABE-A9B8-802698A57ACE Leaves lanceolate or linear, 3–9 cm long, 0.2–1.1 cm wide, cuneate or attenuate into a short petioloid base, minutely serrulate, acute to obtuse, apiculate, discolorous, deep dull green, gland-dotted and glabrous above, silvery-white tomentose beneath except for glabrescent midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201313-1 wfo-0000044768 morphology 3FA705DD-1E01-4ABE-A9B8-802698A57ACE Capitula solitary or in corymbiform cymes, terminal, erect, sessile, surrounded by a cluster of leaves, discoid; involucre ovoid, campanulate or broadly so, at first thinly floccose and ± glabrescent, 15–30 mm long; phyllaries ± 80–270, 4–5-seriate, lanceolate, long-attenuate, with shortly pectinate-ciliate margins, pungent, pale green or pale grey with dull purple submarginal lines and paler margins, the outer shorter, ± spreading or recurving, the inner longer, often more erect, the longest 12–22 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201313-1 wfo-0000044768 morphology 3FA705DD-1E01-4ABE-A9B8-802698A57ACE Florets ± 10–60, all tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla white, pale mauve or pale pink, 6–12 mm long, lobes narrow, 3.5–6 mm long; anthers pale mauve with darker connective, with fringed tails; styles long-exserted, pale mauve, stigmas white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201313-1 wfo-0000044768 morphology 3FA705DD-1E01-4ABE-A9B8-802698A57ACE Achenes turbinate, brown, 2–4 mm long, strongly 10-ribbed, with dense long white ascending apically bifid hairs at the base and between the ribs; pappus of numerous unequal white barbellate bristles, the inner distinctly broadened towards the base, 7–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201313-1 wfo-0000083214 morphology 8824B537-FA4E-4CAE-AAF2-0FBD4958379A Erect perennial herb 30–110 cm tall; stems white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201366-1 wfo-0000083214 morphology 8824B537-FA4E-4CAE-AAF2-0FBD4958379A Lower leaves lanceolate to obovate, 11–22 cm long, 0.5–5 cm wide, attenuate or attenuate-cuneate into a membranous slightly expanded non-sheathing base, minutely remotely serrulate, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, dark green and glabrous above, white-tomentose beneath, with or without a prominent ascending subbasal vein on each side; upper stem and inflorescence leaves generally narrower, narrowly oblanceolate to oblong-linear, 8–22 cm long, 0.5–2.5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201366-1 wfo-0000083214 morphology 8824B537-FA4E-4CAE-AAF2-0FBD4958379A Capitula shortly pedunculate or subsessile, terminal and in axils of upper leaves, forming ± racemiform or corymbiform cymose clusters, discoid; involucre 20–40 mm long; phyllaries ± 100–120, multiseriate, the outer spreading, lanceolate, glabrous, pallid with paler membranous, minutely or distinctly pectinate-ciliate margins, becoming progressively longer inwards, acuminate, pungent, the longest 22–32 mm long, the innermost shorter, oblong, obtuse, excurrent-apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201366-1 wfo-0000083214 morphology 8824B537-FA4E-4CAE-AAF2-0FBD4958379A Florets ± 35–50, all tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla yellow, glabrous, 7–13 mm long, lobes narrow, 4.5–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201366-1 wfo-0000083214 morphology 8824B537-FA4E-4CAE-AAF2-0FBD4958379A Achenes 3 mm long, densely hirsute with long ascending white or tawny hairs; pappus of unequal plumose bristles, 6.5–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201366-1 wfo-0000121239 morphology A7F3B99C-6EAC-4C8F-A37A-CB3E10C585C1 Erect perennial herb 20–60 cm tall; stems white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201339-1 wfo-0000121239 morphology A7F3B99C-6EAC-4C8F-A37A-CB3E10C585C1 Lower leaves narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 5–15 cm long, 0.2–1(–1.8) cm wide, attenuate into a membranous slightly expanded base forming a sheath around the stem up to ± 2.3 cm long, margins minutely remotely serrulate, apex acuminate, dark green and glabrous above, white-tomentose beneath, without a prominent subbasal vein on each side; upper stem and inflorescence leaves generally narrower, 5–10 cm long, 0.2–1 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201339-1 wfo-0000121239 morphology A7F3B99C-6EAC-4C8F-A37A-CB3E10C585C1 Capitula on rather slender pedicels, terminal and in axils of upper leaves, forming rather lax racemiform or corymbiform cymose clusters, discoid; involucre 25–38 mm long; phyllaries ± 80, multiseriate, the outer lanceolate, glabrous, pallid with paler membranous, minutely finely pectinate-ciliate margins, the outermost rather lax on upper part of pedicel, spreading or somewhat recurved, becoming erect and progressively longer inwards, acuminate, pungent, the longest ± 30 mm long, the innermost ± 20 shorter, membranous, narrowly oblong, obtuse, shortly acutely acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201339-1 wfo-0000121239 morphology A7F3B99C-6EAC-4C8F-A37A-CB3E10C585C1 Florets ± 30, all tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla yellow, glabrous, 8.5–9.5 mm long, lobes narrow, 4.5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201339-1 wfo-0000121239 morphology A7F3B99C-6EAC-4C8F-A37A-CB3E10C585C1 Achenes 3 mm long, densely hirsute with long ascending white or tawny hairs; pappus of plumose bristles, the outer shorter, the inner longer, subequal, 11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201339-1 wfo-0000004854 morphology 87331983-1134-4964-8047-70D88B1B30D3 Erect perennial herb 30–40 cm tall; stems white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201354-1 wfo-0000004854 morphology 87331983-1134-4964-8047-70D88B1B30D3 Lower leaves elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, ± 15 cm long and 4 cm wide, cuneate into a membranous slightly expanded petioloid base forming a sheath around the stem, margins minutely remotely denticulate, apex obtuse, minutely apiculate, dark green and glabrous above, white-tomentose beneath, with two prominent ascending subbasal veins on each side; upper stem and inflorescence leaves generally narrower, ± 7.5 cm long and 1 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201354-1 wfo-0000004854 morphology 87331983-1134-4964-8047-70D88B1B30D3 Capitula on short pedicels, terminal and in axils of upper leaves, forming rather lax racemiform or corymbiform cymose clusters, discoid; involucre ± 33 mm long; phyllaries ± 90, multiseriate, the outer narrowly lanceolate, glabrous, pallid green with paler membranous, very minutely pectinate-ciliate margins, becoming progressively longer inwards, the longest ± 26 mm long, acutely acuminate, pungent, the innermost ± 15 shorter, membranous, oblong, obtuse to subacute, shortly to obscurely apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201354-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Flowers fragrant, greenish white turning yellow with age, usually appearing before the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Calyx ± 0.25 cm. long, denticulate, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Petals oblanceolate-oblong, 1.25–2.2 cm. × 0.3–0.45 cm., sparsely puberulous to (rarely) minutely tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Staminal tube 0.8–1.5 cm. long, distally expanded, bearded at the throat with long hairs arising from the lower half of the filaments and uppermost 0.2 cm. of staminal-tube, otherwise glabrous inside; appendages 0.15–0.25 cm. long, usually fused to beyond the middle to form a frill with a shallowly lobed subtruncate apex, glabrous outside or rarely with a few marginal cilia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Ovary with (8–)10(–12) locules, glabrous; style 1.6–2.5 cm. long, glabrous or pilose at the base; style-head ovoid-cylindric, its base exserted ± 0.8 cm. beyond the staminal tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Capsule depressed-globose, ± 0.7 × 1.5 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous or rarely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Seeds 0.5 × 0.3 cm., black; aril orange or red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0000455689 morphology 370AC50F-2085-4A91-B015-2119B50776E3 Fig. 1/1, p. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579805-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Treelet 1–2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Leaf-lamina elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, up to 21 × 10 cm., glabrous beneath except for inconspicuous tufts of hairs in the nerve-axils and a few scattered hairs on the main nerves, apex acuminate, base cuneate; margin slightly to distinctly repand (exceptionally deeply sinuate); petiole up to 0.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Inflorescence an axillary congested cyme or false raceme with 7–15 flowers; peduncle 0.2–0.4 cm. long; bracts ± 0.1 cm. long; pedicels 1–1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Calyx ± 0.2 cm. long, denticulate, minutely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Petals ± 1 × 0.25 cm., minutely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Staminal tube ± 0.9 cm. long, expanded distally, glabrous inside except for a ring of hairs 0.3 cm. below the insertion of the anthers; appendages fused to form a subentire frill completely concealing the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Ovary 5–6-locular, glabrous; style 1.2 cm. long; style-head globose, exserted 0.3–0.4 cm. beyond apex of staminal tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Capsule depressed-globose, ± 1.5 × 1.8 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0001083763 morphology 7CD6E774-1BFF-4944-9293-97896FF03519 Seeds ± 0.8 × 0.45 cm., black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937884-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Shrub or small tree up to 8 m. tall; older branchlets slender, closely longitudinally striate, often turning reddish brown or purple-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Leaf-lamina elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, up to 12 × 5.5 cm., lower surface sparsely puberulous, apex acuminate, base cuneate; petiole up to 0.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Inflorescence a subsessile fascicle, usually on older branchlets, very rarely axillary, with up to 19 flowers, usually flowering when leafless; bracts 0.1 cm. long; pedicels up to 1.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Calyx 0.2 cm. long, sparsely sericeous-puberulous outside, lobed to the middle, lobes deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Petals ±1.4 cm. long, sparsely and minutely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Staminal tube ± 1 cm. long, slightly expanded distally, glabrous inside for 0.25 cm. below insertion of the anthers; appendages fused to form a subentire frill completely concealing the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Ovary 5–6-locular; style 1.2 cm. long; style-head thistle-shaped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Capsule orange, depressed-globose, ± 0.9 × 1 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455683 morphology 337C2835-2574-4310-9444-AC863AB7EBBB Seeds ± 0.4 × 0.25 cm., black; aril orange or vermilion. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579816-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Small tree up to 18 m. tall, more rarely a shrub, sometimes scrambling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Leaf-lamina lanceolate-elliptic, elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, usually less than 9×4 cm., lower surface almost glabrous except for a few hairs on the nerves and conspicuous tufts of short hairs in axils of the secondary nerves, apex rather suddenly, shortly and somewhat bluntly acuminate, base cuneate; petiole up to 0.9 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Inflorescence an axillary (1–)2–3(–4)-flowered cyme; peduncle 0.5–2.0 cm. long; bracts small, squamiform, ± 0.1 cm. long; pedicels (0.7–)2–4.3 cm. long, very slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Calyx ± 0.25 cm. long, denticulate, puberulous, especially on the teeth and margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Petals linear-spathulate, 1.4–2.5 × 0.2–0.3 cm., white, turning yellow with age, glabrous or sparsely and minutely puberulous near apex outside, or sometimes tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Staminal tube 0.8–1.8 cm. long, slightly expanded at the throat, glabrous immediately below the anthers, otherwise densely hairy in the upper two-thirds inside; appendages shorter than the anthers, entire and truncate, emarginate or lobed in upper half, usually fused for the greater part of their length to form a frill 0.1–0.15 cm. long beyond the insertion of the filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Ovary 5–6(–7)-locular, glabrous; style 1.5–3 cm. long; style-head usually ovoid, sometimes subglobose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Capsule depressed-globose, ± 0.7 × 1 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Seeds reddish black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0000455613 morphology F3FE5920-A6F3-4B81-9F39-8A252C796C81 Fig. 1/5, p. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579777-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 A shrub or small tree to 4.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Leaf-lamina elliptic to lanceolate-elliptic, up to 13.5 × 6.5 cm., coriaceous, glabrous except for scattered hairs on the midrib and lateral veins and tufts of hairs in their axils beneath, apex shortly acuminate, base usually cuneate; petiole up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Inflorescence axillary, a (2–)3(–4)-flowered cyme; peduncle up to 1.5 cm. long, glabrous, stout; pedicels 1.3–2 cm. long, glabrous, stoutish; bracts up to 0.3 cm. long, puberulous, deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Flowers white, fading to yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Calyx 0.4–0.6 cm. long, almost glabrous except for the densely puberulous, short and broadly obtuse teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Petals linear-spathulate, 2–2.8 × 0.4–0.5 cm., minutely puberulous towards the apex outside, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Staminal tube 1.6–2.2 cm. long, glabrous inside immediately below the insertion of the filaments, otherwise densely hairy with longish hairs in the remainder of the upper half inside; appendages fused for their entire length to form an irregularly lobed frill 0.35 cm. long beyond the insertion of the filaments, completely concealing the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Ovary (4–)5(–6)-locular, glabrous; style 2.1–3 cm. long, glabrous; style-head ovoid or obovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Capsule depressed-globose, up to 1.2 × 1.4 cm., sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083765 morphology C393E38A-6C33-4FCA-8966-D99BB5F7FF94 Seeds black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579847-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Rigidly branched shrub or small tree up to 4 m. tall; bark on older branchlets dark brown or blackish, finely striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Leaves in fascicles on short lateral shoots of limited and slow growth, subsessile or with petiole up to 0.2 cm. long; lamina very variable, broadly obovate to linear-spathulate, 0.5 × 0.4–4.2 × 0.8 cm., glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs on the lower surface, apex obtuse or truncate, sometimes emarginate, base narrowly cuneate, decurrent almost to the base of the petiole. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Flowers greenish cream fading yellow, solitary or 2–3(–4)-fasciculate among the leaves; pedicels up to 0.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Calyx 0.15–0.25 cm. long, denticulate, densely puberulose over whole surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Petals greenish white, linear spathulate, 1.1–1.7 × 0.2–0.3 cm., sparsely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Staminal tube slightly curved, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, slightly expanded at the apex, with few to many longish hairs in the upper part inside; appendages alternating with the anthers, in pairs, the members of a pair either completely separate or united for up to half of length, up to 0.35 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Ovary 5–6-locular, glabrous; style 1.2–1.8 cm. long, glabrous; style-head ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Capsule depressed-globose, ± 0.6 × 0.8 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Seeds black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083757 morphology 4D714EF6-4CD1-4EF7-A288-CCEEFDACFCE2 Figs. 2/6 and 1/7, p. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579814-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Shrub or small tree, up to 4 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Leaves in fascicles on short lateral shoots of limited growth; lamina ovate-elliptic, up to 7 × 3.5 cm., almost glabrous beneath except for tufts of hairs in the axils of the secondary nerves and a few scattered longish hairs on the nerves, apex rounded to bluntly subacuminate, base cuneate or rounded; petiole up to 0.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Flowers (rarely) solitary, or in a 2–10-flowered fascicle, in leaf-axils or on leafless spur shoots; pedicels up to 1.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Calyx 0.25–0.3 cm. long, denticulate, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Petals linear-spathulate, 2.3–3.2 × 0.55 cm., glabrous or sparsely puberulous especially towards apex outside, greenish white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Staminal tube 1.8–2.8 cm. long, pure white, distinctly curved and gradually narrowed from the wide apex to the base, glabrous in the upper half inside, but with long retrorse hairs in the lower part, sometimes with a few scattered hairs outside; appendages fused for their entire length to form a frill which completely conceals the anthers (but see note below). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Ovary 10-locular, glabrous; style 2.9–4.1 cm. long, glabrous; style-head ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Capsule depressed-globose, up to 0.8 × 1.2 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Seeds black with red aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083766 morphology 767521E9-F91D-4DAE-8B26-86C8C1D06D49 Fig. 1/6, p. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937444-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Shrub 2.6 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Leaf-lamina coriaceous, ovate to broadly lanceolate, up to 5 × 2 cm., lower surface densely puberulous with prominently reticulate venation, apex obtuse or slightly retuse, base rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Flowers in subsessile 3–5-flowered congested cymes or false racemes in the axils of fallen leaves; bracts minute, squamiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Petals ± 4 cm. long, densely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Calyx 0.25 cm. long, denticulate, densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Staminal tube ± 4 cm. long, distinctly curved, and narrowed from apex to base; appendages in pairs, fused in lower half, much shorter than the anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Style ± 5 cm. long; style-head subglobose at base, conspicuously rostrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083767 morphology 84C41A7F-E9B1-412A-BB95-BCE7F946A572 Capsule and seeds unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:960018-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Shrub or small tree up to 6 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Leaf-lamina broadly ovate, broadest just above the base, up to 6 × 3.8 cm., lower surface densely setulose at first, more sparsely so with age, apex rounded to subacute, base subtruncate to shallowly cordate; petiole 0.8–1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Inflorescence a 3–12-flowered subsessile fascicle terminating short shoots of limited growth or in axils of fallen leaves, rarely axillary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Flowers creamy white, precocious or with the leaves; pedicels ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Calyx ± 0.35 cm. long, lobed almost to the middle, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Petals linear-spathulate, 2.8–3.2 × 0.4–0.5 cm., sparsely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Staminal tube 2.2–2.4 cm. long, distinctly curved and gradually narrowed from apex to base, glabrous at throat inside but densely hairy in the lower half; appendages in pairs, alternating with and ± equalling the anthers, free to the base or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Ovary 10-locular, densely puberulous; style ± 3 cm. long, puberulous in lower half; style-head ovoid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Capsule depressed-globose, up to 0.8 × 1.2 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083768 morphology 8EEBA74F-B084-4F1D-9966-80880F5D134D Seeds black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937445-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Shrub or much-branched deciduous tree to 9 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Leaf-lamina ovate, ovate-elliptic, up to 9 × 5.5 cm., lower surface softly pubescent or hairs confined to nerves and nerve-axils or completely glabrous, apex acute to shortly acuminate, petiole up to 1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Inflorescence a (3–)4–12-flowered fascicle terminating leafless lateral shoots of limited growth; bracts ± 0.2 cm. long, squamiform. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Flowers creamy white, fragrant, usually precocious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Pedicels 0.6–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Calyx 0.2–0.35 cm. long, denticulate, densely puberulous over whole surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Petals linear-spathulate, 2–3.2 × 0.3–0.5 cm., sparsely to densely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Staminal tube 1.6–2.4 cm. long, distinctly curved and gradually narrowed from apex to base, glabrous at throat inside but hairy in lower half; appendages alternating with the anthers in pairs, shorter than the anthers, the members of a pair fused from one-quarter to three-quarters of length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Ovary (7–8–)9–10-locular, densely puberulous; style 2.5–3 cm. long, puberulous in lower half; style-head ovoid, its base exserted 0.8–1.4 cm. beyond the staminal-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Capsule depressed-globose, ± 0.8 × 1.3 cm., shallowly sulcate, thinly woody, sparsely to densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Seeds black; aril red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083769 morphology CDD64F23-C586-483C-8B5F-24606AC40452 Fig. 1/4, p. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579760-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Shrub or small tree up to 7 m. tall, sometimes scrambling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Leaves sometimes crowded at the ends of slow-growing short shoots but usually widely spaced on long shoots; lamina coriaceous, ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, usually less than 7.5 × 4.5 cm., lower surface glabrous except for tufts of hairs in the axils of the secondary nerves, apex shortly and bluntly subacuminate, base cuneate; petiole up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Inflorescence subfasciculate, 1–6-flowered, sessile or subsessile; bracts squamiform, 0.2 cm. long; pedicels 0.7–1.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Flowers white fading to creamy yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Calyx 0.4 cm. long, denticulate or shallowly lobed, densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Petals linear, (4.5–)5–6.6 × 0.15–0.2 cm., puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Staminal tube (3.8)–4.5–5 cm. long, cylindric, glabrous in the upper part inside, but with a few longish irregular retrorse hairs in the lower part; appendages in pairs alternating with the anthers, free or slightly fused at the base, 0.35–0.4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Ovary 10–12-locular, tomentellous; style 5–6.5 cm. long, glabrous; style-head conical-cylindric, tapering from a broad base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Capsule up to 2.5 × 1.5 cm., similar to T. floribunda but less deeply ribbed and sulcate, fulvous-tomentellous and with thinner valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Seeds red; aril white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0001083774 morphology 4597E7D1-87C3-46D4-A23E-A4DC51047F18 Fig. 2/5, p. 15. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579870-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Deciduous shrub or small tree up to 10(–15) m. tall, sometimes scrambling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Leaf- lamina ovate to lanceolate, usually less than 15 × 8 cm., densely setose when young, later more sparsely so except on the nerves, apex acuminate, base subtruncate, rounded or broadly cuneate; petiole up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Inflorescence a (2–)3–18-flowered false raceme, or flowers subfasciculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Flowers very variable in size, appearing with or just before the leaves, fragrant; peduncle up to 0.7 cm. long; bracts 0.2–0.4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Calyx 0.3–0.6 cm. long, denticulate or shallowly lobed, densely puberulous or tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Petals linear-spathulate, 3.2–9.4 × 0.3–0.5 cm., greenish white, sparsely puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Staminal tube 2.4–10.8 cm. long, pure white, cylindric, glabrous inside; appendages in pairs, alternating with the anthers, up to 0.8 cm. long, glabrous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Ovary usually 10- or 12-locular, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; style 3.2–12 cm. long, glabrous; style-head globose, its base exserted 0.6–1.8 cm. beyond the staminal tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Capsule usually obovoid-cylindric, more rarely globose or depressed-globose, up to 2.5 × 1.5 cm., deeply ribbed and sulcate, glabrous, dark brown or black, the valves very thick (± 0.5 cm.), woody, divergent like the rays of a starfish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Seeds orange, contrasting with the whitish aril which covers one third to one half of the seed and is visible on its flanks. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000455614 morphology 23FA76B6-5215-47F8-BF6F-B1843D85E4E7 Fig. 2/7, 8, p. 15. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579761-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Medium-sized rapidly growing short-lived tree up to 15 m. tall, sometimes flowering as a shrub; bark grey-brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Leaves 2(–3)-pinnate; petiole and rhachis up to 40 cm. long; leaflets opposite or subopposite, ± lanceolate, up to 5.5 × 2.5 cm., apex acuminate or subacuminate, base asymmetric, margin rather deeply crenate or serrate, lower surface sparsely puberulous, glabrescent, petiolules up to 0.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Inflorescence a large many-flowered axillary cymose panicle; flowers sweetly scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Fruit a nutlet or drupe, bluntly angular, ribbed or winged with 1–4 1-seeded locules or divided in 2 or 4 1-seeded cocci urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Seeds with abundant fleshy albumen urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Aquatic herbs with perennial sympodial rhizomes; stems long and slender, coated with mucilage urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Leaves alternate, the floating ones peltate, the submerged ones finely divided or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Flowers rather small, hermaphrodite, axillary, solitary and regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Sepals 3, petaloid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Petals 3, hypogynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Stamens 3–18, with extrorse anthers dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Carpels 2–18, completely free, with a simple narrow stigma but very reduced style; ovules 1–3, parietal, pendulous, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Fruiting carpels indehiscent, 1–3-seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000097 morphology B39E581E-0E32-4EE6-B4A3-4EA9FC76CED5 Seeds with fleshy endosperm and perisperm but no aril urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126578-1 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Trees, shrubs or lianes, less often small shrublets, often aromatic; bark frequently with a very characteristic impressed pattern of small lozenges on the young shoots; indumentum, if present, simple, stellate or scaly urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Leaves alternate, distichous, thin to coriaceous, entire, penninerved; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Flowers borne on young leafy shoots or on the old wood, rarely on underground suckers, terminal or axillary, hermaphrodite or less often unisexual, solitary, paired, cymose or in fascicles, sessile or stalked, regular, very often fleshy or brittle; bracts and bracteoles often present, sometimes closely enveloping the buds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Sepals 2–3, valvate or rarely imbricate, sometimes not enclosing the petals in bud, free or somewhat united, rarely accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Petals 3–6(–12), usually either in 2 whorls of 2–4 or in a single whorl of 3, 4 or 6, valvate, imbricate or rarely open in bud, free or more or less united at the base, usually alternating with the sepals; rarely petals entirely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Stamens 6–12 and whorled or numerous and spirally (often tightly) arranged on a convex receptacle to form an incomplete hemisphere; rarely outer stamens subpetaloid; anthers linear to rounded with lateral, extrorse or rarely introrse dehiscence, occasionally transversely locellate; connective usually produced, mostly dilated, truncate, oblique, convex, conical, acute or capitate; filaments usually short and free or less often longer and united into a cone covering the carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Carpels 1–numerous, free, united at the base or completely united to form a 1-locular ovary; ovules 1–numerous; styles free or united, sometimes flattened but so folded as to appear subcylindrical; stigmas free or rarely united, capitate, oblong or slightly raised or variously folded forming a margin to the style-tissue or radiating, sometimes bifurcating, rarely apparently absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Fruit either consisting of 1–several separate fleshy or somewhat woody indehiscent or rarely dehiscent, sessile or stipitate monocarps, or syncarpous with numerous 1-seeded fruiting carpels or 1-locular and many-seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000031 morphology 08B7DF52-8FC0-4F84-9BD1-2557D1C8F3B6 Seeds with longest axis in line with longest axis of the monocarp (vertical) or at an angle to it (oblique to horizontal) or irregular, sometimes arillate, with abundant ruminate endosperm; embryo minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000342-2 wfo-7000000483 morphology 1FDC17EF-17B6-4093-900F-D44A7E9B1A17 Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or trees, sometimes with rhizomes or stolons; stems erect, ascending or creeping, usually branched at the base, in perennials with sterile shoots and flowering stems (culms) mixed, in annuals only the latter present; culms cylindrical, rarely flattened, jointed, usually hollow in the internodes, closed at the nodes; branches subtended by a leaf, and with a 2-keeled hyaline leaflet (prophyll) at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 wfo-7000000483 morphology 1FDC17EF-17B6-4093-900F-D44A7E9B1A17 Leaves solitary at the nodes, sometimes crowded at the base of the stem, alternate and 2-rowed, consisting of sheath, ligule and blade (fig. 1, p. 3); sheaths encircling the culm, with the margins free and overlapping or ± connate, frequently swollen at the base, the shoulders sometimes extended upwards into triangular auricles; ligule adaxial, placed at the junction of sheath and blade, membranous or reduced to a fringe of hairs, rarely absent (very rarely with a similar abaxial structure—the external ligule); blades usually long and narrow, rarely broad, flat or sometimes rolled or terete, parallel-nerved, rarely with transverse connections, usually passing gradually into the sheath, sometimes amplexicaul or with falcate auricles, rarely narrowed into a false petiole or articulated with the sheath urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 wfo-7000000483 morphology 1FDC17EF-17B6-4093-900F-D44A7E9B1A17 Inflorescences made up of spikelets arranged in a panicle, or in spikes or racemes, these either solitary, digitate, or disposed along a central axis, usually terminal, sometimes (especially in Andropogoneae) numerous, each inflorescence being subtended by a bladeless sheath (spatheole) and the whole flowering branch system condensed into a leafy false panicle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 wfo-7000000483 morphology 1FDC17EF-17B6-4093-900F-D44A7E9B1A17 Spikelets (fig. 1) consisting of bracts distichously arranged along a slender axis (rhachilla); the 2 lower bracts (glumes) empty; the succeeding 1 to many bracts (lemmas) each enclosing a flower and opposed by a hyaline scale (palea), the whole (lemma, palea and flower) termed a floret; base of spikelet or floret sometimes with a horny prolongation downwards (callus); glumes or lemmas often bearing 1 or more stiff bristles (awns); this basic pattern of spikelet structure consistent throughout the family, though often much modified by reduction, suppression or elaboration of parts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 wfo-7000000483 morphology 1FDC17EF-17B6-4093-900F-D44A7E9B1A17 Flowers usually hermaphrodite, sometimes unisexual, small and inconspicuous; perianth represented by 2, rarely 3, minute hyaline or fleshy scales (lodicules); stamens hypogynous, 1–6, rarely more, usually 3, with delicate filaments and 2-thecous anthers opening by a longitudinal slit or rarely a terminal pore; ovary 1-locular, with 1 anatropous ovule often adnate to the adaxial side of the carpel; styles usually 2, rarely 1 or 3, generally with plumose stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 wfo-7000000483 morphology 1FDC17EF-17B6-4093-900F-D44A7E9B1A17 Fruit mostly a caryopsis with thin pericarp adnate to the seed, rarely with free seed, still more rarely a nut or berry; caryopsis commonly combined with various parts of the spikelet, or less often the inflorescence, to form a false fruit; seed with starchy endosperm, an embryo at the base of the abaxial face, and a point or line (hilum) on the base or adaxial face marking the connection between pericarp and seed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000032-2 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Shrubs or lianes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Leaves alternate, with split or entire often auricled sheathing bases; blade flat or plicate, with a long acuminate straight or cirriform tip; venation fine, parallel urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Inflorescence a panicle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:3 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Flowers bracteate, hermaphrodite or dioecious, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:4 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Perianth subpetaloid or glumaceous, of 6 segments in 2 whorls urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:5 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Stamens 6, opposite the perianth-segments; anthers basifixed, dithecous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:6 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Ovary superior, globose, 3-locular, with a short style and 3 linear stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:7 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Fruit a small drupe, 3–1-seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:8 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000234 morphology D353193B-574E-4B71-BFB7-2C575C032EDB Seed hemispheric or spherical urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:9 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126747-1 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Perennial, terrestrial, saprophytic, epiphytic or very rarely subterranean or aquatic herbs or rarely scramblers, with rhizomes, tubers or rootstocks with mycorrhizal fungi in the roots and usually elsewhere urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:10 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Growth usually sympodial, occasionally monopodial urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:11 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Stems usually leafy, but leaves often reduced to bract-like sheathing scales, one or more internodes at or near the base frequently variously swollen into a “pseudobulb”; those of epiphytic species often bearing aerial assimilating roots protected from excessive heat and water-loss by layers of dead cells called the velamen urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:12 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Leaves rarely hairy, undivided except at apex in some cases, alternate or very occasionally opposite, often distichous, frequently fleshy and often terete or canaliculate, almost always with a basal sheath which frequently surrounds the base of the peduncle, sometimes articulated at base of lamina and sometimes with a false petiole urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:13 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Inflorescence spicate, racemose or paniculate, terminal and/or axillary, the flowers rarely secundly or distichously arranged, or flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:14 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Flowers bracteate, hermaphrodite or very rarely polygamous or monoecious, zygomorphic, sessile or variously pedicellate, most often twisted through 180° (resupinate), occasionally not twisted or twisted through 360° urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:15 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Perianth epigynous; perianth-segments 6, usually free but less frequently variously adnate, connate or adherent to one another or to the column, arranged in 2 whorls; both whorls similar or outer whorl (sepals) calyx-like and inner (petals) corolla-like, or outer whorl corolla-like and inner very reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:16 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Median segment of outer whorl (“dorsal” sepal) often different in size and shape from the 2 laterals, sometimes saccate or with 1 or 2 spurs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:17 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Median segment of inner whorl almost always markedly different from the 2 lateral segments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:18 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 The segments of the outer whorl and 2 lateral segments of the inner whorl termed tepals, especially when basically similar in size, shape and colour urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:19 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Median segment of inner whorl (lip or labellum) entire or variously lobed, frequently laciniate or fimbriate, often brightly coloured and frequently spotted or otherwise ornamented, often bearing crests (keels or carinae) along its length or with central portion (disk) or throat bearing a callus or cushion of hairs, often produced backwards into a sac or spur (rarely 2) up to 30 cm. long and sometimes with nectar at apex; often differentiated into 2 or 3 parts: basal part termed hypochile, often hinged to base of column or narrowed into a claw; middle part termed mesochile; apical part termed epichile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:20 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Stamens 1, 2 or 3, ± united with the style to form a special organ termed the column (gynostegium), apical part of which may be produced laterally into wings or vertically into stelidia, basal part often produced downwards to form a column-foot urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:21 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Mentum or chin frequently formed from lateral sepals where tepals join column-foot urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:22 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Anthers attached by their bases or apices, opening by a slit lengthwise or often operculate; pollen in distinct tetrads, sticky or agglutinated into 2, 4, 6 or 8 pollinia; pollinia mealy, waxy or horny masses, often divided into a number of smaller portions (sectile); at one end each pollinium occasionally drawn out into a sterile caudicle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:23 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Ovary inferior, 1-locular with 3 parietal placentas or rarely 3-locular with axile placentation, produced at the apex to form the column; very rarely apex of ovary with ring-like outgrowth (calyculus); ovules very small and numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:24 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Stigmas 3, fertile or more usually the 2 lateral ones fertile and the other transformed into an outgrowth (rostellum) lying between the anther and the lateral stigmas; part of the rostellum often modified into a sticky disk or disks called viscidia to which the pollinia are attached by 1 or 2 stalks (stipes) also derived from rostellum or by the sterile caudicle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:25 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 The whole structure of pollinia, stipes or caudicle and viscidium form the pollinarium urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:26 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Fruit a capsule opening laterally by 3 or 6 longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:27 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000429 morphology 1B387601-C868-43BF-8043-5F23AD5A4FE9 Seeds very numerous and small, without endosperm and with an undifferentiated embryo, often markedly winged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:28 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000046-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Herbs, shrubs or trees, sometimes scandent, glabrous, pubescent, glandular or scabrous, occasionally lepidote urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:29 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or digitately 2–7-foliolate; leaflets entire, rarely serrate, dentate or panduriform urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:30 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Stipules present, minute or spiny, caducous or persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:31 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, racemose, often corymbose, or the flowers solitary or fascicled, often showy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:32 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Flowers hermaphrodite or very rarely dioecious, regular or irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:33 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Sepals 4–8, free or variously connate, valvate, imbricate or open in aestivation; receptacle cupular, funnel-shaped or cylindric, with an entire, undulate, dentate or fimbriate margin, sometimes very short urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:34 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Petals 4–16 or absent, sessile or clawed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:35 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Stamens few to many, usually borne on a short or elongated androphore, all fertile or some without anthers; filaments free, equal or unequal, filiform; anthers 2-celled, oblong, longitudinally dehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:36 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Ovary sessile or more usually supported on a gynophore of varying length, 1- locular with parietal placentas or divided by spurious dissepiments into 2 or more locules; ovules few to many urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:37 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Fruit a capsule or berry, mostly oblong-cylindrical, globose or torulose, few- to many-seeded, rarely 1- seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:38 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 morphology E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 Seeds usually reniform or angular; endosperm none or scanty; embryo arcuate or incurved; cotyledons folded or convolute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:39 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000111 distribution E21F3380-2E05-448E-A352-6378A2371304 A medium-sized family of the tropics and subtropics, well represented in Africa and forming a conspicuous element of the dry-country flora urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:40 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001562-2 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Trees, shrubs, shrublets or climbers, very rarely subherbaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:41 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Indumentum of unicellular compartmented (very rarely non-compartmented) hairs, multicellular stalked glands and multicellular scales (in which the head consists of a multicellular plate only one cell thick) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:42 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Leaves opposite, verticillate, spiral or alternate, exstipulate, simple and almost always entire (very rarely crenulate) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:43 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Flowers hermaphrodite or hermaphrodite and ? in the same inflorescence, usually 4–5-merous, rarely slightly zygomorphic, in axillary or extra-axillary spikes or racemes or in terminal or axillary panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:44 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Receptacle (calyx-tube or hypanthium) usually in 2 distinct parts, the lower receptacle surrounding and adnate to the inferior (except in Strephonema from West Africa) ovary and the upper receptacle usually produced beyond it to form a short or long tube terminating in the sepals (calyx-lobes), the latter sometimes scarcely developed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:45 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Sepals 4 or 5 (rarely 6 or 8) or almost absent, sometimes accrescent >i>(Calycopteris in Asia) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:46 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Petals 4 or 5, conspicuous to very small, or absent, usually inserted near the mouth of the upper receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:47 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Stamens usually twice as many as the sepals or petals (occasionally the same number, but not inE. Africa), biseriate or more rarely uniseriate, exserted or included in the upper receptacle; anthers versatile (rarely adnate to the filaments but not inE. Africa) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:48 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Disk intrastaminal, hairy or glabrous, sometimes inconspicuous or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:49 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Style usually free (attached to the upper receptacle for part of its length in >i>Quisqualis and a very few species of >i>Combretum); ovary inferior (semi-inferior in >i>Strephonema), 1-locular with usually 2 (up to 6) pendulous anatropous ovules of which only 1 usually develops urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:50 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Fruit very variable in size and shape, fleshy or dry, stipitate or sessile, usually indehiscent, often variously winged or ridged, 1-seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:51 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Seeds without albumen urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:52 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000144 morphology 001DE235-AABC-470C-BD5D-7BCBC7EC5E56 Cotyledons 2 (rarely 3), occasionally with their petioles connate almost to the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:53 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126653-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Trees, erect, climbing or scandent shrubs or lianes or subshrubs (or annual herbs but not in East Africa); tendrils present in Heliums and >i>Gouania urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:62 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, petiolate (or sessile but not in East Africa); blades penninerved or 3–5-nerved from the base, unlobed, serrate or crenate with each tooth or crenation usually associated with a minute gland, or entire urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:63 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Stipules mostly present, free or interpetiolar or intra-axillary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:64 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Flowers minute, regular, bisexual (and often strongly protandrous, or reportedly protogynous in >i>Maesopsis) or less commonly unisexual, peri-gynous or epigynous, 4- or usually 5-merous (6-merous very rarely and not in Africa), in basically cymose arrangements but the cymes often either reduced to fascicles (or even to solitary flowers) or arranged in short or elongate thyrses which in turn are sometimes disposed in leafy to leafless panicles; each flower with a cup lined with a thin intrastaminal nectariferous disk or the disk sometimes thickened near and/or produced beyond the rim of the cup and either free from the ovary or adnate to it urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:65 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Sepals, petals and stamens attached at the rim of the cup urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:66 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Sepals triangular, valvate in bud (this being one of the most useful traits to distinguish members of this family from those plants often confused with them) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:67 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Petals absent or usually present, enclosed by calyx in bud, nearly always shorter than the sepals at anthesis, each usually with a narrow base or claw plus an expanded hood-like or concave or amplectant body closely associated with the stamen urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:68 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Stamens bowed inward in bud, as many as, opposite to, usually shorter than and usually clasped or hooded by the petals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:69 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Ovary syncarpous, with 2 or 3 (rarely 4 or 1) cells; ovule solitary in the cell, anatropous; style minute, rarely simple, usually with 2, 3 or rarely 4 or even more rarely 10 microscopic stigmatic lobes at apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:70 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Fruit often dryish and splitting into 3 1-seeded parts at maturity (as in the first 5 genera treated here), or fleshy and with 2 or 3 free 1-seeded stones (as in >i>Rhamnus and >i>Scutia) or fleshy or dryish and with a single 1-, 2- or 3-seeded (or 4-seeded but not in Africa) stone (as in the last 4 genera here); placentation basal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:71 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000524 morphology 415D0F2B-C6E1-4856-991D-2F0C8B9749D4 Seed with raphe dorsal or lateral; embryo large and straight, the cotyledons usually in planes tangential to the ovary-axis; endosperm in a thick or thin layer, rarely nearly absent but not in Africa, rarely ruminate but not in Africa urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:72 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50033316-1 wfo-7000000629 morphology 5A61E71D-7A1C-4702-BC24-363B8331CE36 Rhizomatous herbs with erect unbranched stems urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:73 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003824-2 wfo-7000000629 morphology 5A61E71D-7A1C-4702-BC24-363B8331CE36 Leaves broadly linear to narrowly elliptic with a long open sheathing base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:74 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003824-2 wfo-7000000629 morphology 5A61E71D-7A1C-4702-BC24-363B8331CE36 Inflorescence spike-like, protandrous with contiguous or remote superposed spikes, the upper ?, the lower ?, each with a usually caducous bract at the base, sometimes interrupted by similar bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:75 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003824-2 wfo-7000000629 morphology 5A61E71D-7A1C-4702-BC24-363B8331CE36 Male flowers reduced to 2–5 stamens; flowers interspersed with linear to laciniate bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:76 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003824-2 wfo-7000000629 morphology 5A61E71D-7A1C-4702-BC24-363B8331CE36 Female flowers sterile and fertile together, with or without a subtending bracteole, 1–many on crowded short lateral stumps or “pedicels”; fertile flowers with numerous long perigonous hairs and a long-stalked unilocular 1-ovulate ovary bearing a linear style and linear or lanceolate stigma; gynoecium of the sterile flowers modified to a stout clavate carpodium with a terminal reduced style urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:77 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003824-2 wfo-7000000629 morphology 5A61E71D-7A1C-4702-BC24-363B8331CE36 Fruit a 1-seeded follicle dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:78 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003824-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Animal or perennial, terrestrial or, in one small genus, aquatic herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:79 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Leaves mostly spirally arranged and all radical, less often cauline, alternate or opposite, simple, often sheathing at the base, sometimes reduced, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:80 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Flowers small, hermaphrodite, or in one small genus unisexual, regular, sessile in the bract-axils, forming axillary spikes or capitate racemes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:81 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Calyx herbaceous, 4-lobed, the lobes ± free or sometimes the lower pair ± united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:82 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Corolla gamopetalous, scarious, 3-4-lobed, the lobes imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:83 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Stamens (l-2-)4, inserted in the corolla-tube and alternating with the lobes, rarely hypogynous; filaments usually long; anthers versatile, 2-thecous, the thecae opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:84 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Ovary superior, 1-4-locular; style long, simple, often exserted; ovules l-? in each locule, axile or basal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:85 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Fruit a membranous circumscissile capsule or a 1-seeded bony nut urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:86 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000476 morphology C8E42686-4550-4525-881A-D1F109526970 Seeds peltately attached, often sticky when wet; embryo straight, rarely curved, placed in the middle of the fleshy endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:87 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001136-2 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Woody or herbaceous, erect or scrambling urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:88 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Leaves alternate, simple, entire, pinnately nerved, with crystals generally easily visible in the younger leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:89 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Stipules generally lacking urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:90 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Inflorescences racemose, spicate or paniculate, terminal, lateral or axillary; bracts and paired bracteoles small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:91 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Flowers small, hermaphrodite or ?and ? (then rudiments at least of aborted organs still present), usually regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:92 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Sepals 4–5 (rarely more), free or partially united, imbricate, usually persistent, sometimes brightly coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:93 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Petals generally absent (present only in Stegnosperma) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:94 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Stamens (3–)4–many in 1–several whorls, when definite alternate with the sepals, usually inserted on a ± fleshy disk; filaments free or united at the base; anthers 2-thecous, dehiscing lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:95 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Ovary superior or rarely semi-inferior, of 1–many free or united 1-ovulate carpels; styles as many as the carpels, free or connate at the base, short, sometimes lacking; stigmas linear or capitate; ovule basal, shortly stalked, campylotropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:96 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Fruit of 1–numerous free or united carpels, fleshy or dry, sometimes winged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:97 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-7000000466 morphology B9C33545-2017-4684-AAA6-F8AE2A243858 Seed subglobose, discoidal or reniform, with a membranous or brittle testa, occasionally arillate; embryo annular, surrounding the endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:98 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126685-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Pod ± 25 mm. long, 1.6–1.8 mm. wide, gently upcurved towards the acute tip, ± 15-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Seeds rectangular, ± 2 × 1.5 mm., with a ridge down each side, mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191119 morphology 54810CCF-7ED3-4A90-AEEF-FB95F4BBC37C Fig. 36/4, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499132-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Procumbent annual, or perhaps sometimes perennial, herb forming mats up to 1 m. across; hairs fine, biramous, appressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Stipules filiform, up to 3 mm. long; leaf-rhachis 8–15 mm. long, including the 2–4 mm. petiole, prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5 or, more often, 7, cuneate-obovate, the terminal rather larger than the others, not above 8 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Racemes 4–8-flowered, including a peduncle of 2–4 mm. not longer than the subtending leaf-rhachis; bracts persistent, ± 1 mm. long; pedicels 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Corolla dull red, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Stamens ± 1.5– 2 mm. long, about as long as the deeply divided calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Fruit 2.5–4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Seeds orange, oval, flattened, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191711 morphology 1F293232-3F81-4BF4-A3C4-012C4CBD1A4A Fig. 36/1, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499228-1 wfo-0000191331 morphology 12C8721D-C955-4189-B768-0A2B1709E363 Much resembles I. demissa but seems more commonly annual; the leaflets are rather narrower and are often 4- and sometimes 5-jugate. Some fruiting pedicels and pods may be erect or spreading instead of all being reflexed and the pods are ± 5-seeded, up to 7 mm. long and only 1.1–1.3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499166-1 wfo-0000191331 morphology 12C8721D-C955-4189-B768-0A2B1709E363 Fig. 36/2, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499166-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Resembles I. concinna but much larger in all its parts; branches up to 60 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Leaf-rhachis up to 2.5 cm. long; leaflets 7–11, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Raceme 6–10-flowered, ± 2 cm. long including a peduncle of 5–8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Calyx ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Pod 12–14 mm. long, ± 1.4 mm. wide, 5–9-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000191008 morphology 16434A37-452E-4E38-A53F-8827A8C670A2 Fig. 36/3, p. 221. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499091-1 wfo-0000192953 morphology 7AB9B0DB-BF6E-4795-9D11-F28CE32937F1 Delicate branching annual up to ± 25 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499500-1 wfo-0000192953 morphology 7AB9B0DB-BF6E-4795-9D11-F28CE32937F1 Stems cylindrical, almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499500-1 wfo-0000192953 morphology 7AB9B0DB-BF6E-4795-9D11-F28CE32937F1 Stipules foliaceous, with long subsimple hairs on their margins, ending in a fine point which is gland-tipped when young; petiole filiform, up to 9 mm. long, jointed 1 mm. below the lamina, which is elliptic, apiculate, up to 13 mm. long and 10 mm. wide, and sparsely covered with short appressed hairs on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499500-1 wfo-0000192953 morphology 7AB9B0DB-BF6E-4795-9D11-F28CE32937F1 Peduncles glabrous, 1- or less often 2-flowered, filiform, up to 9 mm. long, numerous in the axils of reduced leaves whose laminas as well as their stipules end in conspicuous glandular filiform tips; pedicels 0.5–0.8 mm. long, pilose; bracts not seen; calyx deeply divided, a little shorter than the 2 mm. long stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499500-1 wfo-0000192953 morphology 7AB9B0DB-BF6E-4795-9D11-F28CE32937F1 Pod cylindrical, up to 5 mm. long, ± 1.2 mm. wide, glabrous, 1–5-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499500-1 wfo-0000192953 morphology 7AB9B0DB-BF6E-4795-9D11-F28CE32937F1 Seeds orange-yellow, quadrangular; ± 0.7 by 0.8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499500-1 wfo-0000192279 morphology 0797943E-FC9C-424D-841D-8A9ABD70099A Very close to I. ischnoclada but the leaves are pinnately 3-foliolate, the subulate gland-tipped points to the bracts and upper leaves are shorter, up to 0.5 mm. instead of 1 mm. long, the peduncles are sparsely pilose, up to 25 mm. long and 1–3-flowered, the filaments up to 3 mm. and the pods up to 11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499373-1 wfo-0000193033 morphology 4240EDDD-416D-4754-9898-84025873E50F Bushy perennial herb ± 50 cm. tall with a large taproot, villous throughout, the hairs up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499529-1 wfo-0000193033 morphology 4240EDDD-416D-4754-9898-84025873E50F Leaves (3–)5-foliolate; stipules asymmetrically lanceolate-acuminate, up to 15 mm. long and 4 mm. wide; rhachis up to 2 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 6 mm., prolonged up to 6 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets oblong-lanceolate, the terminal much larger than the lateral, up to 18 mm. long and 7 mm. wide, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499529-1 wfo-0000193033 morphology 4240EDDD-416D-4754-9898-84025873E50F Racemes 2–3-flowered, in the axils of normal or reduced leaves, about as long as their stipules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499529-1 wfo-0000193033 morphology 4240EDDD-416D-4754-9898-84025873E50F Calyx ± 4.5 mm. long, divided almost to the base into linear attenuate lobes, which are tipped by minute glands (± 0.1 mm. in diameter), as may be the stipules and leaflets near the flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499529-1 wfo-0000193033 morphology 4240EDDD-416D-4754-9898-84025873E50F Filaments ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499529-1 wfo-0000193033 morphology 4240EDDD-416D-4754-9898-84025873E50F Pod erect, subcylindrical, 5–6 mm. long, pubescent, 2–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499529-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 A semi-woody perennial bushy herb up to 35 cm. tall from a woody rootstock, covered all over with fine silky subsimple hairs up to 3 mm. long, which more or less hide the shorter, stiffer, medifixed hairs also present on the leaflets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 Stipules asymmetrically ovate-lanceolate, up to 12 mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide; petiole 2–5 mm. long; rhachis prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets always 3, oblanceolate, ± acuminate, up to 14 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 Racemes condensed, 2–3-flowered, sessile in the axils of normal leaves, more or less concealed between their stipules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 Calyx divided to the base, ± 6 mm. long, longer than the corolla and stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 Standard pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 Style 3.5 mm.; ovary 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000191001 morphology 49F56D19-67EE-4196-BBFF-F4D3720E7420 Fruit erect, cylindrical, 4–5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, pubescent, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499090-1 wfo-0000195734 morphology 0879330F-89CC-4BC3-927C-FAE9BE377094 A much-branched half-woody herb, much resembling I. burttii, but the indumentum is less copious, the flowers are solitary on 1 mm. long pedicels in the axils of 1-foliolate bracts and more or less concealed between their stipules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500071-1 wfo-0000195734 morphology 0879330F-89CC-4BC3-927C-FAE9BE377094 The foliage leaves are usually 1-foliolate with a petiole not above 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500071-1 wfo-0000195734 morphology 0879330F-89CC-4BC3-927C-FAE9BE377094 Standard light red, glabrous or with a few long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500071-1 wfo-0000195734 morphology 0879330F-89CC-4BC3-927C-FAE9BE377094 Ovary glabrous, much shorter than the style, 2-ovulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500071-1 wfo-0000195734 morphology 0879330F-89CC-4BC3-927C-FAE9BE377094 Fruit erect, 2-seeded, 4 mm. long, the endocarp with 4 longitudinal lines opposite grooves in the cuboid seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500071-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 An annual up to 35 cm. tall, more or less densely covered with long softly silky hairs in addition to biramous hairs on the leaflets and minute glandular hairs on the margins of the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 Leaves 3–7(–9)-foliolate; stipules ovate-acuminate, ± 10 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, almost or quite as large as the elliptic lateral leaflets; rhachis prolonged 3–5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets, in all ± 20 mm. long, including a petiole of 2–4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 Racemes 2-flowered, with peduncles ± 2 mm. long, up to 5 mm. in fruit, and pedicels 1–2 mm. long, reflexed in fruit, concealed within large bracts which are accrescent in fruit and consist of a pair of stipules united to near the middle, with or without a point in the notch between them (the rudimentary rhachis); these overlapping bracts form strobili in the leaf-axils and may elongate to 3–8 cm. or more in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 Calyx deeply divided, 3 mm. long, slightly shorter than the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 Standard pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 Pods concealed within the enlarged bracts, terete, up to 4 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, pubescent, 2–4-seeded; endocarp with 4 dark lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000195526 morphology 8B3819EA-39BE-4C7A-92D7-566094CD3F07 Seeds yellow, subcuboid, 4-grooved, ± 1 by 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500049-1 wfo-0000194446 morphology 9BD1D61A-3E90-44D3-B684-FF3DE72C66AE Erect annual with a taproot, up to 1.3 m. tall, scabrous-hispidulous throughout, the hairs often brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499846-1 wfo-0000194446 morphology 9BD1D61A-3E90-44D3-B684-FF3DE72C66AE Leaves simple; stipules stiff, narrow, attenuate, up to 7 mm. long; petiole 1–2 mm. long; blade linear-lanceolate, acute, up to 7 cm. long and 8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499846-1 wfo-0000194446 morphology 9BD1D61A-3E90-44D3-B684-FF3DE72C66AE Inflorescence of numerous shortly pedunculate head-like panicles at the ends of the main branches and in the axils of reduced leaves, densely covered with stiff brownish spreading hairs up to ± 1 mm. long; pedicels ±1.5 mm. long, rather longer than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499846-1 wfo-0000194446 morphology 9BD1D61A-3E90-44D3-B684-FF3DE72C66AE Calyx deeply divided, ± 3 mm. long, a little shorter than the stamens which dry almost black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499846-1 wfo-0000194446 morphology 9BD1D61A-3E90-44D3-B684-FF3DE72C66AE Standard elliptic, ± 5 mm. long, including a subulate tip 0.5 mm. long, like the keel densely hispid outside; wings glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499846-1 wfo-0000194446 morphology 9BD1D61A-3E90-44D3-B684-FF3DE72C66AE Fruit ± 4 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, densely brownish hispid, 2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499846-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Erect strigose annual with a taproot, up to 1.4 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Leaves simple; stipules subulate, 2–4 mm. long; petiole 1–2 mm. long; blade linear-lanceolate, up to 5 cm. long and 6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Inflorescence a much-branched panicle; lower bracts ± foliaceous, the upper ± 1 mm. long; pedicels straight, erect, 2–4 mm. long, jointed ± 0.6 mm. below the flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Calyx divided to the base, ± 1.5 mm. long, strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Standard and keel ± 3.5 mm. long, strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Stamens ± 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Style much longer than the 2-ovuled ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Pod more or less erect, 4–5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 1 mm. thick, strigose-hispid, 2-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000194207 morphology 25440310-F536-4363-A82A-B469E1A108C3 Seeds smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499780-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Erect, rather woody, branching annual up to 1 m. tall from a taproot; all vegetative parts rather densely appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Lower leaves ± 11-foliolate, upper 5–7-foliolate; stipules narrowly attenuate, up to 5 mm. long; rhachis up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 5 mm., not, or but little, prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets oblanceolate, shortly acuminate, up to 2 cm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Panicles subcapitate at the ends of the branches, each with an involucre of 2–3 leaf-like outer bracts; inner bracts usually trifid, the segments resembling the calyx-lobes; pedicel ± 1 mm. long, erect in flower and fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Calyx closely covered with spreading silky hairs, divided to the base, the lobes narrowly lanceolate-sublinear, ± 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Corolla deep rose; standard apiculate, 4.5 mm. long, pilose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Stamens ± 4 mm. long, the 4 shorter among the 9 united stamens usually without anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Ovary 1–2-ovulate, silky, much shorter than the style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000191078 morphology 0B6A58A8-909E-42EC-A382-48169304FC80 Pod oval, ± 2.5 mm. long, silky, usually 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499112-1 wfo-0000194247 morphology 1A8596A4-FB58-4683-B20C-37D3AD990E9A Differs from I. capitata as in the key; the inflorescence also appears brownish instead of grey, the upper leaves are commonly inrolled and thus appear narrower and the stamens seem to be always all fertile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499782-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Erect branching herb up to 1 m. tall from a taproot; stems strigulose or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Leaves 3–7-foliolate; stipules narrow, attenuate, up to 8 mm. long; rhachis prolonged 2–5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets, up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of 8–12 mm.; leaflets narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, 8–18 mm. long, 3–7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Panicles numerous, dense, congested, subsessile in the leaf-axils, on short lateral branches, or terminal; bracts usually 3-foliolate, ending in long rather stiff points, like the calyx covered with up to 1 mm. long brown or white hairs; pedicels puberulent, up to 2 mm. long, erect during and after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Calyx ± 4 mm. long, divided to the base; lobes lanceolate-attenuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Corolla orange or red, about as long as calyx, pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Stamens all fertile, ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000191362 morphology 948A083E-BABE-46ED-BBE8-1461F347F64A Pod oval, rather shorter than the sparsely pilose subpersistent style, ± 2.5 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, puberulent 1 (rarely 2)-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499170-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Erect branching annual up to 1 m. tall, pubescent in all its parts, the hairs on fruit, calyx and bracts often yellowish-brown, those elsewhere white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Leaves usually dimorphic, the upper 1–3-foliolate, the lower up to 11-foliolate, rarely all 1-foliolate; stipules subulate, 1–3 mm. long, often reflexed; rhachis prolonged beyond lateral leaflets, up to 3 cm. long including a petiole of up to 6 mm.; leaflets elliptic-oblanceolate or cuneate, up to 12 mm. long and 6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Inflorescences terminal racemes, sometimes condensed and subcapitate, the bracts leafy and passing gradually into the 1-foliolate leaves below; pedicels stiffly erect, up to 7 mm. long, jointed 1 mm. below the calyx, with a slender bracteole at the joint. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Calyx brownish, cleft to the base; lobes lanceolate, fimbriate, ± 3 mm. long in flower, 5 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Standard and keel ± 2.5 mm. long, strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Stamens all fertile, ± 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000194692 morphology A13361FA-92DE-4557-8E26-5E8D565DD460 Fruit ± 4 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, 1 mm. thick, pubescent, 2(rarely 1)-seeded; endocarp slightly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499881-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Erect branching annual up to 1.5 m. tall from a taproot, somewhat strigulose throughout, the hairs strictly appressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Stipules setaceous, 1–2 mm. long; petiole 1–2 mm. long; leaf-blade broadly linear or narrowly oblanceolate, up to 4 cm. long and 2–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Raceme 2–5-flowered, up to 1 cm. long, including a peduncle of 2–4 mm.; bracts ± 0.5 mm. long, deciduous; pedicels ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Calyx 1–1.5 mm. long, divided to about the middle; lobes subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Corolla ± 4 mm. long, densely silvery strigulose without. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Style 0.7 mm. long, in a straight line with the much longer ovary, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Pod tetragonal, ± 2 cm. long, ± 8-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195261 morphology 86677520-4C6F-4741-AB68-30E5AE001951 Fig. 39/1, p. 239. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500006-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Erect branching annual up to 80 cm. tall from a taproot, everywhere sparsely strigose, the hairs 0.4–0.8 mm. long, strictly appressed except on the calyx, white or, especially on the inflorescence, brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Stipules triangular-subulate, erect, ± 2 mm. long; rhachis up to 6 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 2 cm., prolonged 3–6 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, broadly linear or narrowly oblong, up to 5 cm. long and 6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Racemes 10–30-flowered, up to 6 cm. long, almost sessile in the leaf-axils; bracts very caducous, ± 2 mm. long; pedicels up to 2 mm. long, stiffly erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Calyx brown strigose, divided almost to base, the lower lobe 4–5 mm. long, the upper half as long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Corolla ± 5 mm. long, densely appressed white pubescent outside, very caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Stamens ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Pods stiffly erect, up to 3 cm. long, 3 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick, with prominent sutures, 8–15-seeded; endocarp beautifully spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000195397 morphology 3443A04D-D8F0-4B28-A722-C15853E0ABDB Seeds pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500038-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Semi-woody branching herb up to 1.5 m. tall, everywhere densely silvery with short (0.2–0.3 mm.) strictly appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Stipules triangular, ± 1 mm. long; rhachis up to 2.5 cm. long, including the 3–4 mm. petiole, prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11 (rarely–13), narrowly cuneate-oblong, apiculate, the terminal rather larger than the lateral, up to 17 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Raceme 6–20-flowered, up to 12 or rarely 20 mm. long, including a peduncle of 1–3 mm.; bracts triangular, 1 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels 1 mm. long, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Calyx ± 2 mm. long, divided to about the middle; lobes triangular, with subulate tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Corolla densely silvery outside, ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000193714 morphology 5EBD49ED-545D-4434-9BEC-95F40B584930 Fruit erect, ± 4.5 mm. long, 2.3 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick, 2- or less often 1-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499666-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Annual branching herb ± 45 cm. tall, everywhere covered with white medifixed hairs, those on stems and inflorescences spreading at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Stipules brownish, narrowly attenuate, up to 4mm. long; rhachis channelled above, up to ± 3 cm. long, including a petiole of 4–6 mm., usually prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 9–13, narrowly cuneate-oblong, ± 10 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, appressed strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Raceme 10–20-flowered, up to 6 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 6 mm.; bracts 2–3 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels erect, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Calyx ± 4 mm. long, divided for three-quarters of its length into narrowly attenuate teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Corolla caducous, ± 4.5 mm. long, densely strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Pod subcylindric, 6–7 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 2–4-seeded; endocarp spotted in 4 rows. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000190279 morphology 718DB549-1E5A-4F5A-9AF2-2B833C971492 Seeds cuboid, with 3–4 pits on eaoh face. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498950-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Short-lived semi-woody bushy plant ± 1 m. tall, sometimes prostrate, densely covered with fine soft silvery hairs which are often rather spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Stipules brown, filiform, 2–3 mm. long; rhachis up to 1 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–3 mm., not, or very shortly, prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–7, rarely 9, narrowly oblong-cuneate or oblanceolate, up to 10 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Racemes 5–20-flowered, up to 3 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 2 mm.; bracts linear ± 1 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, erect, leaving a pronounced knob on falling off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Calyx ± 1.5 mm. long, divided to about the middle into broadly triangular lobes with thick subulate tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Corolla ± 5 mm. long, silvery appressed pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Stamens ± 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000193673 morphology CCCA7598-BD03-42E4-B470-B692D6DA6F96 Fruit usually subglobular, 2 mm. in diameter, tapering into the persistent style-base, 1-seeded, occasionally up to 5 mm. long and 2–3-seeded; endocarp mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499657-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 More or less branched, erect annual, up to 1.3 m. tall from a taproot, sparsely appressed strigulose throughout, the hairs often brown, especially on the inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Calyx 0.25 cm. long, densely stellate puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Petals spathulate, up to 0.8 × 0.3 cm., pale lilac, sparsely puberulous outside with simple hairs, glabrous inside except for a few hairs towards apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Staminal tube up to 0.7 cm. long, dark purple, glabrous outside, hairy inside, especially in the upper half; appendages ± 0.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Ovary less than 0.1 cm. in diameter, 5(–7)- locular; style 0.45 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Drupe up to 2 × 1.5 cm., pale yellow; putamen with ± 5 longitudinal ridges and indistinct apical and basal depressions. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0000450150 morphology 0ECF3D59-026E-47F6-B4A9-29F0ADD0B2C7 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578949-1 wfo-0001083775 morphology 8C8E0B4B-2D8E-4460-BE7C-C9B85B4C44EA Tree up to 15(–20) m. tall; crown often with a browse-line produced by giraffe; bark with pronounced vertical fissures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579003-1 wfo-0001083775 morphology 8C8E0B4B-2D8E-4460-BE7C-C9B85B4C44EA Leaves up to 35 cm. long, less divided than in M. azedarach; leaflets nearly always entire (rarely a few leaflets have a single basal lobe or a few shallow teeth). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579003-1 wfo-0001083775 morphology 8C8E0B4B-2D8E-4460-BE7C-C9B85B4C44EA Inflorescence congested, up to 12 cm. long, axillary and on older branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579003-1 wfo-0001083775 morphology 8C8E0B4B-2D8E-4460-BE7C-C9B85B4C44EA Drupe 3–4 cm. long; endocarp very thick and bony, terete, with a star-like, 5-lobed apical depression and a rose-like, 5-lobed basal depression; fertile locules 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579003-1 wfo-0001083775 morphology 8C8E0B4B-2D8E-4460-BE7C-C9B85B4C44EA Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579003-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Small or medium-sized evergreen tree up to 20 m. tall, sometimes flowering as a shrub 2–4 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Leaves imparipinnate; petiole and rhachis up to 30 cm. long, minutely puberulous towards base; leaflets 9–17, alternate or subopposite, elliptic or oblong- elliptic, up to 15 × 6 cm., usually smaller, apex shortly and blundy acuminate, base cuneate, asymmetric, the proximal leaflets smaller and proportionally broader, young leaflets densely pubescent, glabrous above when mature, lower surface with conspicuous tufts of hairs in nerve-axils and prominent open reticulate venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Flowers white, 3–12, in lax to subcapitate compound cymose inflorescences, each part of the inflorescence bearing a simple 3-flowered cyme; peduncle 1–6 cm. long; bracts subulate, 0.1–0.3 cm. long, puberulous; pedicels 0.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Calyx ± 0.3 cm. long, lobed to ± the middle; lobes deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Petals 0.5–0.6 cm. long, glabrous except for minute papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Filaments ± 0.35 cm. long, united for 1/3–2/3 of their length, densely hairy towards the apex; anthers 0.15 cm. long, hairy. Antherodes 0.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Ovary 0.3 × 0.3 cm.; style 0.15 cm. long. Pistillode 0.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Capsule 3–4.5 cm. in diameter, very woody, red, densely covered with lobed antler-shaped appendages 0.7 cm. long, dehiscing by (4–)5(–6) valves, which remain connate at the base; valves 0.4–0.6 cm. thick; stipe ± 0.5 cm. long; seeds 2 per locule, 0.7 × 0.5 cm., purple-black; aril bright red, confined to adaxial part of seed, and forming a cushion at the apex and base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0001083555 morphology CF709E22-B3CC-425D-98F0-46DBA885108E Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579132-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Evergreen tree usually 10–15(–25) m. tall, sometimes flowering as a shrub; bole fluted; bark rough, peeling easily. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Leaves up to 25 cm. long; leaflets (5–)7–9(–11), usually drying a dull grey-green, elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, up to 18 × 6.5 cm., apex shortly and bluntly acuminate, base cuneate, lower surface glabrous with indistinct venation. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Inflorescence a much-branched congested panicle, usually less than 7 cm. long, in axils of leaves or of fallen leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Calyx 0.2–0.3 cm. long, puberulous, lobed to the middle, lobes deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Petals 0.4–0.8 cm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Staminal tube 0.5–0.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Capsule globose, ± 2 × 2 cm., glabrous, slightly sulcate, not or scarcely wrinkled; stipe absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Seeds very dark brown; aril orange-red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455707 morphology 166C411D-B950-4937-928E-98E9EE841A8D Fig. 8/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579598-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Evergreen shrub or tree up to 10(–18) m. tall; bole often crooked and fluted near base; bark grey-brown, fairly smooth, flaking in thin strips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Leaves up to 30 cm. long; leaflets 9–17, drying reddish brown, oblanceolate or oblanceolate-elliptic, broadest in upper half, up to 20 × 8 cm., apex shortly and acutely acuminate, lower surface usually puberulous on the midrib and lateral nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Inflorescence a rather condensed panicle up to 24 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Calyx 0.2 cm. long, lobed almost to the base; lobes deltate to subcircular, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Petals 0.4–0.7 cm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Staminal tube 0.25–0.45 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Capsule ± 2 × 2 cm., deeply 2–3(–4)-lobed, the valves transversely wrinkled; stipe absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0000455778 morphology 60EE962F-E980-49F5-A3F7-824C63C7CAB4 Seeds black; aril orange-red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579635-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Shrub or small tree up to 10 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Leaves up to 18 cm. long; leaflets 7–11, drying green or pale yellow-brown, lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, broadest in lower half, up to 11.5 × 3.5 cm., apex suddenly attenuate-acuminate, lower surface minutely puberulous, glabrescent except for small tufts of hairs in the axils of the secondary nerves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Inflorescence borne on current year’s shoots below the leaves and in the axils of the lowermost leaves, a few-flowered lax cyme up to 3.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Calyx ± 0.1 cm. long; lobes deltate, puberulous, especially on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Petals up to 0.3 × 0.1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Staminal tube ± 0.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Capsule depressed-globose, up to 1.2 × 1.8 cm., glabrous, distinctly sulcate, not wrinkled, smooth or verruculose; stipe absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Seeds pale reddish brown or dull brown; aril orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0001083752 morphology 7E715DC4-A58D-48FF-8538-137983907664 Fig. 9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937883-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Tree up to 35 m. or more tall; bole straight; buttresses absent or very short; bark grey-brown or black, rough, sloughing in small scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Leaves up to 26 cm. long; leaflets 9–15, lanceolate, up to 14 × 4 cm., tapering from near the base to the narrowly acuminate apex which is often curved to one side, lower surface glabrous or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Inflorescence a little-branched axillary panicle up to 12 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Calyx 0.3–0.35 cm. long, divided almost to the base; lobes ovate to subcircular, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Petals 1–1.2 cm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Staminal tube 0.5–0.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Capsule subglobose, ± 3 cm. in diameter, shallowly 2–3-lobed, tomentellous; valves with indistinct longitudinal wrinkles; stipe up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455468 morphology 8D34E362-9CD3-4564-8145-D0FE0883489B Seeds black, almost completely concealed by the orange-red aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579521-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Evergreen tree up to 20–40 m. tall; bole sometimes slightly buttressed; bark grey and smooth, with shallow fissures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Leaves up to 26 cm. long; leaflets usually 7–11, obovate to oblanceolate or oblanceolate-elliptic, nearly always broadest in upper half, up to 21 × 8.5 cm., apex of lateral leaflets shortly and acutely acuminate or bluntly subacuminate (with the tip itself often shallowly notched), nearly always showing a hollow curve; lateral nerves in 7–12, usually widely spaced pairs; lower surface glabrous or with a few strigose hairs, very rarely sparsely to densely pilose, usually drying dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Inflorescence sometimes many-flowered in ♂, always few-flowered and usually lax in ♀. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Calyx 0.5–0.7 cm. long, strigulose-tomentellous, lobed to half-way or more; lobes subcircular or imbricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Petals 1.3–2.6 cm. long, tomentellous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Staminal tube usually 1–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Capsule (unopened, but mature) 3–5 cm. in diameter, occurring 1–3 together in the leaf-axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Seeds black, almost completely concealed by the scarlet aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455439 morphology 3674242B-D388-4747-90CE-4D0BE06361D8 Fig. 8/4–7, p. 31. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579408-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Evergreen or semi-evergreen tree, usually 8–20(–25) m. tall; crown very dense, widespreading in open; foliage very dark green; bark dark grey or dark brown, rough or smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Leaves up to 28 cm. long; leaflets usually 9–11, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, up to 15 × 5 cm., nearly always broadest near the middle and with the apex of lateral leaflets rounded, emarginate or broadly acute without a hollow curve; lateral nerves usually in 11–18 closely set pairs; lower surface sparsely to densely puberulous with short, weak curly or flexuous hairs, usually drying olive-green or pale yellow-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Inflorescence usually condensed and many-flowered. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Calyx 0.35–0.5 cm. long, tomentellous, lobed almost to the base; lobes suborbicular, imbricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Petals (0.7–)1–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Staminal tube usually 0.8–1.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Capsule (unopened but mature) 1.8–2.5 cm. in diameter, usually crowded at the ends of the branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Seeds as in T. dregeana. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000455454 morphology 05D81C60-CABB-42AA-A82D-4A02FFF2357B Fig. 8/8–10, p. 31. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579419-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Medium-sized evergreen or semi-evergreen tree up to 30 m. tall, but usually less; bole slightly buttressed or fluted at base, up to 1 m. diameter at breast height; second-year branchlets slender, usually less than 0.6 cm. diameter, smooth, with scattered leaf-scars, closely lenticellate with large whitish lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Leaves imparipinnate, usually entirely glabrous, sometimes pubescent, rarely tomentose; petiole and rhachis up to 35 cm. long; leaflets opposite or subopposite, 7–15, subsessile or shortly petiolulate, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, up to 14.5 × 6 cm., usually much smaller, tapering to an acuminate or subacuminate apex, base asymmetric, lower surface rarely drying whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Flowers white or pinkish white, sweet-scented, borne in many-flowered cymose panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Calyx 0.2 cm. long, sparsely to densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Petals elliptic-oblong, 0.4–0.5 cm. long, densely puberulous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Staminal tube 0.2 cm. long, puberulous outside, densely bearded at throat inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Ovary 0.15 × 0.2 cm., densely setulose; style 0.05–0.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Drupe ± 1.5 × 1.5 cm., deep red, with 2–4 pyrenes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663623 morphology F4C2F63C-C859-4A78-BB24-1775FF587E75 Fig. 10/6–9, p 36. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578362-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Small semi-evergreen tree up to 10 m. tall, frequently stunted and of irregular growth; bark rough, exfoliating in irregular scales; first-year branchlets often with smooth reddish bark; second-year branchlets stout, usually more than 0.7 cm. in diameter, rough, with thick corky bark and crowded leaf-scars; lenticels inconspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Leaves imparipinnate, glabrous to densely pubescent; petiole and rhachis up to 20 cm. long, frequently reddish; leaflets opposite or subopposite, rarely alternate, 7–9, subsessile or shortly petiolulate, ovate, ovate-oblong, oblong-elliptic or elliptic, up to 9 × 5 cm., usually smaller, apex broadly rounded to subtruncate, emarginate or with a minute apiculum, base usually asymmetric, lower surface nearly always drying whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Flowers white or pinkish white, sweet-scented, borne in many-flowered cymose panicles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Calyx 0.15 cm. long, sparsely puberulous to tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Petals elliptic-oblong, 0.5 × 0.25 cm., densely puberulous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Staminal tube 0.2–0.3 cm. long, puberulous outside, densely bearded at throat inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Ovary 0.15 × 0.25 cm., densely setulose; style 0.05 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000663621 morphology 0F7F1E4B-771C-4E28-8EE1-CFAD6DEBEF8F Drupe ± 1.5 × 1.5 cm., bright red, with 2–4 pyrenes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578360-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 A poorly shaped, evergreen, understorey tree up to 21 m. tall (elsewhere up to 35 m. or more) with spreading crown and dense foliage; bole irregular, branched low down; bark grey or whitish, shallowly fissured, scaling in small pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Leaves up to 60 cm. long; petiole flattened or grooved on upper surface, especially towards the base; leaflets oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate-oblong, 20–36, up to 22 × 4 cm., apex usually with a short acumen, base asymmetric; lateral nerves in 15–25 pairs, departing from the midrib at a very wide angle; lower surface soon becoming glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Flowers club-shaped in bud, in panicles up to 30 cm. long in leaf-axils and on older branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Calyx cupular, 5-toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Petals up to 2.5 cm. long, rusty-tomentose outside, free from each other but united for about half of their length with the staminal tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Fruit yellow or orange, shaped like a fig, up to 3.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Seeds with a whitish aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000456650 morphology F7131CE3-A80C-4FFF-B40F-5B5C91C10C58 Fig. 11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579875-1 wfo-0000710965 morphology F8883E00-C906-41C8-8504-C3A046D31D3B Tree up to 25 m. tall; bark grey, rough, Leaves pari- or imparipinnate, up to 60 cm. long, but usually smaller; petiole deeply grooved and broadly winged, usually 4.5–8.5 cm. long; leaflets up to 15, lanceolate to oblanceolate, up to 44 × 10 cm. but usually much smaller, tapering more gradually to the acuminate or subacuminate apex than in G. cedrata, and with the lateral nerves and venation much less prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578659-1 wfo-0000710965 morphology F8883E00-C906-41C8-8504-C3A046D31D3B Flowers similar to those of G. cedrata, but much larger and in fewer-flowered inflorescences. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578659-1 wfo-0000710965 morphology F8883E00-C906-41C8-8504-C3A046D31D3B Cleistocarp, up to 12 cm. in diameter, indehiscent or breaking up after falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578659-1 wfo-0000710965 morphology F8883E00-C906-41C8-8504-C3A046D31D3B Seeds up to 9 × 5 cm., covered by a thin yellow aril. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578659-1 wfo-0000710965 morphology F8883E00-C906-41C8-8504-C3A046D31D3B Fig. 12/1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578659-1 wfo-0000592446 morphology 0A598C81-3E27-4295-B52A-40D02C03132D Tree up to 30 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:51010-2 wfo-0000592446 morphology 0A598C81-3E27-4295-B52A-40D02C03132D Leaflets usually 12 to 28, entire, oblong-lanceolate, up to 15 × 6.5 cm., rather suddenly tapered to the relatively short and broad acumen; proximal lateral nerves on lower surface with conspicuous elongate axillary pockets (domatia) with minute marginal hairs or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:51010-2 wfo-0000592446 morphology 0A598C81-3E27-4295-B52A-40D02C03132D Inflorescence up to 50 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:51010-2 wfo-0000592446 morphology 0A598C81-3E27-4295-B52A-40D02C03132D Capsule robust, usually 3–4.2 cm. long; valves with conspicuous lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:51010-2 wfo-0000592446 morphology 0A598C81-3E27-4295-B52A-40D02C03132D Fig. 13/1–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:51010-2 wfo-0000455531 morphology EED65913-401B-45C8-9623-125874A41C50 Tree up to 25 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579299-1 wfo-0000455531 morphology EED65913-401B-45C8-9623-125874A41C50 Leaflets 10–24, entire, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, up to 15 × 5 cm., gradually tapering from near the base to the long, narrow, attenuate-acuminate apex; proximal lateral nerves on lower surface with minute deltate axillary pockets (domatia) with minute apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579299-1 wfo-0000455531 morphology EED65913-401B-45C8-9623-125874A41C50 Inflorescence up to 35 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579299-1 wfo-0000455531 morphology EED65913-401B-45C8-9623-125874A41C50 Capsule delicate, 1.5–2 cm. long, valves without conspicuous lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579299-1 wfo-0000455531 morphology EED65913-401B-45C8-9623-125874A41C50 Fig. 13/7–12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579299-1 wfo-0001083556 morphology D5FC86A2-B0AF-4B8A-850F-2DFEDE85575C Tree up to 30 m. tall; bark rough, brownish black, deeply fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579313-1 wfo-0001083556 morphology D5FC86A2-B0AF-4B8A-850F-2DFEDE85575C Leaflets 18–40, serrate, narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, up to 20 × 4 cm., apex acuminate, base obliquely rounded, very asymmetric; midrib often reddish; proximal lateral nerves on lower surface with minute deltate axillary pockets (domatia) with minute apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579313-1 wfo-0001083556 morphology D5FC86A2-B0AF-4B8A-850F-2DFEDE85575C Inflorescence pendulous, up to 90 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579313-1 wfo-0001083556 morphology D5FC86A2-B0AF-4B8A-850F-2DFEDE85575C Capsule larger and coarser than in T. ciliata ± 2.5 cm. long; valves smooth or sometimes with small, inconspicuous lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579313-1 wfo-0001083556 morphology D5FC86A2-B0AF-4B8A-850F-2DFEDE85575C Fig. 13/13–16, p. 44. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579313-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Large tree up to 60 m. tall, sometimes with very prominent surface roots; bole of large trees markedly buttressed to a height of 6 m., straight or with a slight ‘wave’, reaching a considerable height before branching (inside tall forest) or branched low down (in riparian forest), up to 4 m. in diameter above the buttresses; bark smooth but exfoliating in small circular scales ± 3 cm. in diameter and leaving a characteristically pock-marked, mottled grey and brown surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Leaves up to 30(–40) cm. long, glabrous; leaflets 6–10(–14), coriaceous, mostly ovate-elliptic, or elliptic, up to 17 × 7 cm., gradually tapering to the cuspidate apex, base cuneate or obtuse, slightly asymmetric; petiolules 0.5–1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Inflorescence an axillary panicle up to 25(–40) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Flowers sweet-scented, white, with a reddish disk surrounding the base of the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Calyx 0.1–0.15 cm. long, lobed almost to the base; lobes suborbicular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Petals elliptic, somewhat hooded, up to 0.6 × 0.3 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Staminal lobe ± 0.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Ovary 0.2 cm. in diameter; style less than 0.1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Capsule 4–6 cm. in diameter, dehiscing by 4–5 valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Seeds 1–2 × 1.5–3 cm., 6–12 per locule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000357006 morphology 8A6E4653-9F47-4639-9AF6-97CB71B4029E Fig. 14, p. 48. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578847-1 wfo-0000356989 morphology 98388FA2-15D3-44A7-953F-41D586BE6563 Tree up to 20 m. tall; bole often crooked; buttresses short or absent; crown rounded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578867-1 wfo-0000356989 morphology 98388FA2-15D3-44A7-953F-41D586BE6563 Apart from the characters given in the key, very similar to K. anthotheca and K. grandifoliola, but usually smaller in all its parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578867-1 wfo-0000004854 morphology 87331983-1134-4964-8047-70D88B1B30D3 Florets ± 40, all tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla white or yellow, glabrous, ± 10.5 mm long, lobes narrow, 6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201354-1 wfo-0000004854 morphology 87331983-1134-4964-8047-70D88B1B30D3 Achenes 3 mm long, densely hirsute with long ascending white or tawny hairs; pappus of numerous plumose bristles, the outer shorter, the inner longer, subequal, 9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201354-1 wfo-0000036812 morphology 2A3A9E06-348B-4256-B27F-BB2FA9C78F6C Acaulescent perennial herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201353-1 wfo-0000036812 morphology 2A3A9E06-348B-4256-B27F-BB2FA9C78F6C Leaves all basal, forming a rosette, oblanceolate to obovate to almost round, 4–15 cm long, 1–8(–12.5) cm wide, cuneate into a membranous slightly expanded base, margins minutely serrulate, apex obtuse to rounded, minutely apiculate, dark green and glabrous above, white-tomentose beneath, with 1–2 prominent ascending subbasal veins on each side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201353-1 wfo-0000036812 morphology 2A3A9E06-348B-4256-B27F-BB2FA9C78F6C Capitula 1–4, subsessile, precocious on surface of soil, or in centre of leaf rosette, discoid; involucre 25–32(–40) mm long; phyllaries ± 170, multiseriate, the outer narrowly lanceolate, glabrous, shiny white or pallid with paler membranous, minutely shortly pectinate-ciliate margins, becoming progressively longer and broader-margined inwards, the longest ± 25(–35) mm long, acuminate, pungent, the innermost ± 35 shorter, membranous, lanceolate to oblong, acuminate, rarely tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201353-1 wfo-0000036812 morphology 2A3A9E06-348B-4256-B27F-BB2FA9C78F6C Florets ± 40, all tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla yellow, glabrous, 10.5–11 mm long, lobes narrow, 4.5–5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201353-1 wfo-0000036812 morphology 2A3A9E06-348B-4256-B27F-BB2FA9C78F6C Achenes 3 mm long, densely hirsute with long ascending white or tawny hairs; pappus of numerous plumose bristles, the outer shorter, the inner longer, subequal, 9.5–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201353-1 wfo-0000009995 morphology B6ACEB0B-89FB-4150-95BC-9F100E54ED68 Perennial herb; rhizome creeping, or roots numerous; stems 1–3, annual, 35–70 cm high, simple, thinly araneose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201311-1 wfo-0000009995 morphology B6ACEB0B-89FB-4150-95BC-9F100E54ED68 Leaves subsessile, narrowly lanceolate, 2.5–13 cm long, 0.4–1.5(–2.5) cm wide, cuneate at base, margins revolute, apex acute, glabrous or nearly so above, white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201311-1 wfo-0000009995 morphology B6ACEB0B-89FB-4150-95BC-9F100E54ED68 Capitula 3–21, arranged in leaf axils to form a spike-like inflorescence, subsessile, discoid; involucre obconic, 15–20 mm long, white-araneose; phyllaries greenish-stramineous, stiff, ciliate but otherwise glabrous, the longest to 20 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201311-1 wfo-0000009995 morphology B6ACEB0B-89FB-4150-95BC-9F100E54ED68 Florets all hermaphrodite; corolla pale yellow, as long as the inner phyllaries, 8–10 mm long, lobes 4–5 mm long, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201311-1 wfo-0000009995 morphology B6ACEB0B-89FB-4150-95BC-9F100E54ED68 Achenes turbinate, ± 3 mm long, densely ascending-hispid; pappus of plumose setae 8–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201311-1 wfo-0000062196 morphology D91AE2C8-64AE-4D89-A55B-61906F26E3A8 Annual, erect ± branching herb up to 25 cm tall; stems at first with white or grey tomentum, glabrescent, purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236534-1 wfo-0000062196 morphology D91AE2C8-64AE-4D89-A55B-61906F26E3A8 Leaves oblanceolate, 3–7 cm long, 1–2 cm wide, attenuate to a short petioloid base, margins minutely acutely serrulate, apex obtuse and apiculate, green, glabrous and gland-dotted above, pale green to white tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236534-1 wfo-0000062196 morphology D91AE2C8-64AE-4D89-A55B-61906F26E3A8 Capitula terminal and in the upper leaf axils, subsessile; involucre long-ovoid, deep purple with white tomentum, 13–20 mm long; phyllaries numerous (± 95–100), often dark red, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate-pungent, the outer recurving, with minute marginal teeth and long-pungent apices, the inner erect, broader, entire, the longest ± 12 mm long; receptacle deeply alveolate, alveoli with long laciniate membranous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236534-1 wfo-0000062196 morphology D91AE2C8-64AE-4D89-A55B-61906F26E3A8 Ray florets 11–14; corolla very dark reddish purple or maroon, 8–12.5 mm long, rays broadly oblong, obtuse, minutely 3-toothed, 7–11.5 mm long, 2.5–4 mm wide; disc florets ± 10–20; corolla very dark reddish purple or maroon, glabrous, glandular, 6–7 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, acute, 3–3.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236534-1 wfo-0000062196 morphology D91AE2C8-64AE-4D89-A55B-61906F26E3A8 Achenes of disc florets 5.5–6 mm long, with a dense basal tuft of long coarse ascending white hairs and finer ascending hairs between the ribs; pappus 3.5–4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236534-1 wfo-0000062196 morphology D91AE2C8-64AE-4D89-A55B-61906F26E3A8 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236534-1 wfo-0000092106 morphology 1C16F9BE-0D9B-410B-8A0A-8534C9BF699A Herb, several-stemmed, with woody tuberous rootstock; stems ascending, white-tomentose, 20–50 cm tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238755-1 wfo-0000092106 morphology 1C16F9BE-0D9B-410B-8A0A-8534C9BF699A Leaves sessile; blade ovate or lanceolate, 10–18 cm long, 1–6 cm wide, rounded or cuneate into a slightly to prominently expanded ± sheathing base, minutely serrulate, obtuse to acute and obscurely acuminate-apiculate, bright green and glabrous above, silvery-white or grey tomentose beneath, pinnately veined with numerous conspicuous subparallel ascending veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238755-1 wfo-0000092106 morphology 1C16F9BE-0D9B-410B-8A0A-8534C9BF699A Capitula solitary, terminal; involucre narrowly ovoid to obconic, 27–35 mm long, glabrous or almost so; phyllaries ± 70, ± 8-seriate, rather rigid, outer ovate, median broadly oblong or oblong, innermost narrowly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, all obtuse to rounded, smooth, green with purplish membranous margins, the longest to 19 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238755-1 wfo-0000092106 morphology 1C16F9BE-0D9B-410B-8A0A-8534C9BF699A Florets ± 40; corolla dark crimson red or rarely pale pink, 22–24 mm long, lobes oblong-lanceolate, 4.5–6 mm long, anthers red or rarely pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238755-1 wfo-0000092106 morphology 1C16F9BE-0D9B-410B-8A0A-8534C9BF699A Achenes 8–11 mm long, strongly 5-ribbed, ascending-pilose; pappus stramineous, 12–16 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238755-1 wfo-0000092106 morphology 1C16F9BE-0D9B-410B-8A0A-8534C9BF699A Fig. 6/1–2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238755-1 wfo-0000115219 morphology F0EB7EB2-DAC5-4930-9FA3-45E2A12AE82D Herb with woody tuberous rootstock, erect, tufted; stems wiry, ± unbranched, white-tomentose, glabrescent with age, 13–180 cm tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238740-1 wfo-0000115219 morphology F0EB7EB2-DAC5-4930-9FA3-45E2A12AE82D Leaves sessile, ovate to narrowly lanceolate or elliptic, 5–15 cm long, 0.5–4 cm wide, rounded to attenuate into a slightly to prominently expanded marginally ± laciniate-dentate ± sheathing base, margins acutely serrulate, apex acute, thinly arachnoid-tomentose and ± glabrescent becoming green above, more densely and persistently so especially on veins and whitish beneath, with numerous subparallel ascending veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238740-1 wfo-0000115219 morphology F0EB7EB2-DAC5-4930-9FA3-45E2A12AE82D Capitula 1–5 at the branch apices, on short few-bracteate stalks; involucre narrowly ovoid to obconic, 20–33 mm long, glabrous or almost so; phyllaries ± 50, ± 5–7-seriate, rather rigid, outer ovate, median oblong, innermost narrower, all obtuse to rounded, smooth, green with reddish membranous margins, the longest ± 20 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238740-1 wfo-0000115219 morphology F0EB7EB2-DAC5-4930-9FA3-45E2A12AE82D Florets ± 65; corolla bright red to crimson, 23–31 mm long, lobes oblong-lanceolate, 6–9 mm long, anthers yellow-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238740-1 wfo-0000115219 morphology F0EB7EB2-DAC5-4930-9FA3-45E2A12AE82D Achenes 10–14 mm long, strongly 5-ribbed, ascending-pilose; pappus pale stramineous, 14–18 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238740-1 wfo-0000123232 morphology EBA42962-26FF-43AC-B32B-322DAEAE674B Herb with woody tuberous rootstock, ± 30 cm tall, erect; stems thickly white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238741-1 wfo-0000123232 morphology EBA42962-26FF-43AC-B32B-322DAEAE674B Leaves sessile; blade elliptic, 8–25 cm long, 2–7.5 cm wide, rounded to attenuate into a short petioloid basally expanded ± sheathing base, serrate, ± acute, grey with persistent tomentum on both surfaces, with numerous subparallel ascending veins, strongly rugose with impressed minor venation above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238741-1 wfo-0000123232 morphology EBA42962-26FF-43AC-B32B-322DAEAE674B Capitula solitary, terminal, on short bracteate stalks; involucre narrowly ovoid to obconic, up to ± 42 mm long, thinly white-tomentose especially on outer phyllaries; phyllaries ± 6-seriate, rather rigid, oblong, rounded, finely arachnoid-tomentose in upper part, glabrescent, the longest 25–30 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238741-1 wfo-0000123232 morphology EBA42962-26FF-43AC-B32B-322DAEAE674B Florets with corolla bright red to crimson, ± 30 mm long, lobes oblong-lanceolate, 7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238741-1 wfo-0000123232 morphology EBA42962-26FF-43AC-B32B-322DAEAE674B Achenes 9–14 mm long, strongly 5-ribbed, ascending-pilose; pappus pale stramineous, 13.5–18 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238741-1 wfo-0000079157 morphology EF01229C-41BA-4773-9C88-9BE5BD67C81F Erect herb, somewhat woody, 1–2 m tall; stems few-branched, thickly white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238743-1 wfo-0000079157 morphology EF01229C-41BA-4773-9C88-9BE5BD67C81F Leaves sessile; blade ovate-lanceolate, 6–13 cm long, 2–3.5 cm wide, rounded-cuneate into a short petioloid basally slightly expanded shortly sheathing base, serrulate, acute, apiculate, rugose-bullate, green and glabrescent above, persistently araneose-tomentose beneath, 18–22-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238743-1 wfo-0000079157 morphology EF01229C-41BA-4773-9C88-9BE5BD67C81F Capitula terminal, 1–4 on rather long stalks; involucre obconic to broadly campanulate, 20–25 mm long; phyllaries ± 45, 5–6-seriate, rather rigid, outer ovate, median oblong, innermost narrowly oblong or lanceolate-oblong, all apically narrowed and ± obtuse, glabrous, the outer with a dark central line, the inner with ± crenate pink-margined apices, the longest 18–21 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238743-1 wfo-0000079157 morphology EF01229C-41BA-4773-9C88-9BE5BD67C81F Florets ± 60; corolla carmine red, 18.5–21 mm long, lobes oblong-lanceolate, 4.5–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238743-1 wfo-0000079157 morphology EF01229C-41BA-4773-9C88-9BE5BD67C81F Achenes ± 9.5 mm long, strongly 5-ribbed, ascending-pilose; pappus pale stramineous, 11.5–14 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238743-1 wfo-0000136352 morphology ADCF4F2A-A343-4DB5-B493-7955EEF0ED48 Herb ± 1 m tall; stems solitary, erect, leafy in lower part, tomentose, glabrescent, sparsely short-setulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238753-1 wfo-0000136352 morphology ADCF4F2A-A343-4DB5-B493-7955EEF0ED48 Leaves sessile, lanceolate or ovate to elliptic, 15–25 cm long, 2–9 cm wide, rounded or narrowed towards the ± expanded subauriculate semi-amplexicaul base, serrate, acute, green, thinly araneose and glabrescent on both surfaces, sometimes setose above; becoming smaller towards the upper part of the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238753-1 wfo-0000136352 morphology ADCF4F2A-A343-4DB5-B493-7955EEF0ED48 Capitula rather numerous in narrow terminal strictly-branching thyrses, shortly to moderately pedunculate in Groups of 2–5 on short lateral branches; involucre cylindrical, brown, 18–25 mm long; phyllaries ± 25, 5–6-seriate, ovate to oblong with the innermost narrower, acute to obtuse with darker minutely fimbriate apices, glabrescent, the longest 16–20 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238753-1 wfo-0000136352 morphology ADCF4F2A-A343-4DB5-B493-7955EEF0ED48 Florets ± 10; corolla white or cream, 15.5–20 mm long, lobes 4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238753-1 wfo-0000136352 morphology ADCF4F2A-A343-4DB5-B493-7955EEF0ED48 Achenes 7–8 mm long, pilose; pappus white, 12–13 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238753-1 wfo-0000029396 morphology 8B0F6D05-E4BD-4E23-9FDE-8BAD01DDB288 Herb 20–60 cm tall; stems erect, leafy in lower part, thickly tomentose, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238757-1 wfo-0000029396 morphology 8B0F6D05-E4BD-4E23-9FDE-8BAD01DDB288 Leaves sessile, the lower (broadly) obovate or oblong, 6–27 cm long, 4–13 cm wide, narrowing into a narrow, basally ± expanded subauriculate semi-amplexicaul somewhat sheathing base, margins dentate to coarsely dentate-serrate or crenate-serrate, apex rounded, obscurely acuminate, green, thinly araneose on both surfaces, more thickly so on margins and veins beneath; becoming smaller, oblong and relatively narrower towards the upper part of the stem, the uppermost 5–8 cm long and 1.5–2.5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238757-1 wfo-0000029396 morphology 8B0F6D05-E4BD-4E23-9FDE-8BAD01DDB288 Capitula 3–31 in narrow terminal strictly-branching racemiform thyrses, on short to elongated peduncules; involucre broadly cylindrical, dark in colour, 13–17 mm long, 5–12 mm wide; phyllaries ± 40, 6–7-seriate, broadly elliptic-oblong to narrowly oblong with the innermost narrower, rounded with dark membranous minutely fimbriate and ± erose margins, glabrescent, the longest 12.5–14 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238757-1 wfo-0000029396 morphology 8B0F6D05-E4BD-4E23-9FDE-8BAD01DDB288 Florets ± 20–25, white or cream; corolla 15–16.5 mm long, lobes 4–5 mm long, anthers brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238757-1 wfo-0000029396 morphology 8B0F6D05-E4BD-4E23-9FDE-8BAD01DDB288 Achenes 5–7 mm long, pilose; pappus very pale stramineous, 11–13 mm long, bristles finely toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238757-1 wfo-0000029396 morphology 8B0F6D05-E4BD-4E23-9FDE-8BAD01DDB288 Fig. 6/3–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238757-1 wfo-0000014148 morphology B5029977-DA9E-4AA9-9628-D07C63882DB5 Perennial herb with small rootstock and numerous fleshy roots; stems erect, 15–120 cm tall, thickly white-tomentose, ± glabrescent, sometimes also with usually dark-coloured glandular setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205023-1 wfo-0000014148 morphology B5029977-DA9E-4AA9-9628-D07C63882DB5 Leaves cauline, sessile, ovate, lanceolate, elliptic or obovate to oblanceolate, 5–22 cm long, 1.5–11 cm wide, rounded to cuneate to a narrow exauriculate or ± expanded auriculate and semi-amplexicaul base, finely serrulate or denticulate or serrate, rounded to acute, shortly apiculate, whitish or greyish tomentose beneath, rarely ± glabrescent and sometimes glandular-setulose on midrib and main veins, at first ± tomentose, usually glabrescent or rarely scattered-setulose above; lowermost leaves sometimes reduced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205023-1 wfo-0000014148 morphology B5029977-DA9E-4AA9-9628-D07C63882DB5 Capitula radiate, usually solitary, on short stout to long slender tomentose ebracteate or 1–2-bracteate stalks; involucre subglobose to campanulate-cylindrical, at first ± araneose, glabrescent, brownish, 10–16(–22) mm long; phyllaries ± 25–40, 3–5-seriate, subequal, 9–18 mm long, lanceolate or oblong, marginally laciniate-dentate; receptacle scales lanceolate or narrowly triangular to oblong, acute, with laciniate-dentate sometimes slightly expanded apices, 10.5–16.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205023-1 wfo-0000014148 morphology B5029977-DA9E-4AA9-9628-D07C63882DB5 Ray florets 8–18; corolla 18–36 mm long; rays brilliant scarlet to deep carmine red, oblong, apically 3-toothed or shortly to deeply sometimes unequally 3-lobed, 12–25 mm long; disc florets 40–80; corolla like the rays in colour, 12–15 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 4.5–6 mm long, anthers brown, style red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205023-1 wfo-0000014148 morphology B5029977-DA9E-4AA9-9628-D07C63882DB5 Achenes 5–7 mm long, finely puberulous; pappus bristles apically narrowed, acute, 6.5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205023-1 wfo-0000014148 morphology B5029977-DA9E-4AA9-9628-D07C63882DB5 Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205023-1 wfo-0000087474 morphology 5CDA2C89-E63F-4502-9963-F01935C39981 Perennial herb with small rootstock and numerous fleshy roots; stems erect, 25–30 cm tall, white-tomentose, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205016-1 wfo-0000087474 morphology 5CDA2C89-E63F-4502-9963-F01935C39981 Leaves cauline, sessile, linear-lanceolate, 7–15 cm long, 5–7(–25) mm wide, narrowed towards the exauriculate base, minutely serrulate with revolute margins, acute, white-tomentose with prominent midrib beneath, green and glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205016-1 wfo-0000087474 morphology 5CDA2C89-E63F-4502-9963-F01935C39981 Capitula radiate, solitary, on slender tomentose 2–3-bracteate stalks; bracts small, linear, dentate; involucre shortly campanulate-cylindrical, thinly araneose, glabrescent, 10–14 mm long; phyllaries ± 15, subequal, 3–4-seriate, broadly lanceolate to oblong, marginally laciniate-dentate at least in upper part, acuminate, the longest 9–10(–16) mm long; receptacle scales lanceolate to narrowly triangular or oblong, with laciniate-dentate sometimes slightly expanded apices, 10–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205016-1 wfo-0000087474 morphology 5CDA2C89-E63F-4502-9963-F01935C39981 Ray florets 6, female-sterile; corolla 12–22 mm long, rays crimson red, broadly oblong, apically rather deeply 3-lobed, 9.5–14 mm long; disc florets ± 20; corolla like the rays in colour, glabrous, 10–11(–14) mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205016-1 wfo-0000087474 morphology 5CDA2C89-E63F-4502-9963-F01935C39981 Achenes finely puberulous, 5–7 mm long; pappus bristles apically a little dilated, acute, 5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205016-1 wfo-0000081108 morphology ABE92FB6-C836-4FDD-98B1-7735F0BA27C3 Dwarf perennial herb with several stems arising from a subterranaean tuberous rootstock; stems erect, 10–45 cm tall, thickly white-tomentose, ± glabrescent, often also with usually dark-coloured glandular setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205025-1 wfo-0000081108 morphology ABE92FB6-C836-4FDD-98B1-7735F0BA27C3 Leaves cauline or all ± basal, sessile, ovate, oblanceolate, obovate or elliptic, 3–15 cm long, 1–5.5 cm wide, rounded to cuneate and narrowed to a usually expanded, auriculate and semi-amplexicaul base, finely often obscurely and/or remotely serrulate or denticulate, rarely serrate, rounded to acute, shortly acuminate-apiculate, whitish or greyish tomentose beneath, at first ± araneose-tomentose, usually glabrescent and often scattered-setulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205025-1 wfo-0000081108 morphology ABE92FB6-C836-4FDD-98B1-7735F0BA27C3 Capitula radiate, usually solitary on the leafy stems or precocious on short stems bearing only reduced bract-like leaves, on short 1–2-bracteate stalks; involucre subglobose to campanulate-cylindrical, at first ± araneose, glabrescent, greenish, 10–20 mm long; phyllaries ± 20–40, 3–5-seriate, subequal or often with the outermost exceeding the inner, the longest 11–22 mm long, lanceolate, subentire or marginally laciniate-dentate with sometimes slightly expanded apex; receptacle scales lanceolate, narrowly triangular or oblong, with laciniate-dentate sometimes slightly expanded ± acuminate apices, 12–15 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205025-1 wfo-0000081108 morphology ABE92FB6-C836-4FDD-98B1-7735F0BA27C3 Ray florets 5–16, female-sterile; corolla 22–37 mm long, rays bright scarlet to deep dull red, broadly oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, apically shortly to deeply 3-toothed, 14–30 mm long; disc florets ± 30–60; corolla like the rays in colour, (9.5–)14–17.5 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, (3.5–)5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205025-1 wfo-0000081108 morphology ABE92FB6-C836-4FDD-98B1-7735F0BA27C3 Capitula nodding in fruit; achenes finely puberulous, 7–8 mm long; pappus bristles apically narrowed, acute, (5.5–)7–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205025-1 wfo-0000043699 morphology F4D84834-7BB9-46EC-B4CD-0513EA2B827F Perennial acaulescent scapose rosette herb with small rootstock and numerous fleshy roots; scapes erect, 1–4 cm high, thickly white-tomentose, sometimes also with usually dark-coloured glandular setae, unbranched, few-bracteate, bracts small, narrow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205028-1 wfo-0000043699 morphology F4D84834-7BB9-46EC-B4CD-0513EA2B827F Leaves all in a basal rosette, sessile, broadly (ob-)ovate, elliptic or suborbicular, 8–14 cm long, 4–7 cm wide, rounded and cuneate into a broad sessile base, margins serrulate, apex rounded and slightly acuminate, white-tomentose beneath and often glandular-setulose on midrib and main veins, dark green and glabrous or glandular-setose on midrib above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205028-1 wfo-0000043699 morphology F4D84834-7BB9-46EC-B4CD-0513EA2B827F Capitula radiate or rarely discoid, solitary and terminal on the scapes; involucre subglobose to campanulate-cylindrical, at first ± araneose, glabrescent, dull maroon, 10–12 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, ± 10–40, subequal, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, entire or marginally ± laciniate-dentate at least towards the apex, the outermost somewhat narrower, longer and more hairy than the inner, the longest 9–12.5 mm long; receptacle scales narrowly triangular to oblong, acute, with pinkish mauve laciniate-dentate sometimes slightly expanded apices, 10.5–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205028-1 wfo-0000043699 morphology F4D84834-7BB9-46EC-B4CD-0513EA2B827F Ray florets 7–12; corollas 17.5–21 mm long; rays white, oblanceolate-oblong, apically deeply 3-toothed or 3-lobed, sometimes unequally so, (9.5–)12–14 mm long; disc florets ± 25–40; corolla like the rays in colour, ± 11 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 3.5–6 mm long, anthers dark-coloured, style branches pinkish mauve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205028-1 wfo-0000043699 morphology F4D84834-7BB9-46EC-B4CD-0513EA2B827F Achenes not seen mature; pappus bristles tawny, 6.5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205028-1 wfo-0000119938 morphology 21FC9078-8B4C-4DB8-A88A-41B2C54A6834 Perennial herb with short creeping rhizome; roots fleshy, fusiform; scapes 1–2 per plant, erect, unbranched, 20–27 cm high, tomentose, the white hairs intermixed with reddish glandular setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1018164-1 wfo-0000119938 morphology 21FC9078-8B4C-4DB8-A88A-41B2C54A6834 Leaves all basal, ovate, 4–10.5 cm long, 1.2–5 cm wide, base gradually narrowing to a short sheath, margins thickened, slightly reddish and serrulate, apex acute, whitish tomentose beneath, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1018164-1 wfo-0000119938 morphology 21FC9078-8B4C-4DB8-A88A-41B2C54A6834 Capitula solitary and terminal, radiate; involucre reddish, campanulate, 14–17 mm long; phyllaries 4–5-seriate, narrowly ovate, the longest 16–17 mm long, acute, with spiny-laciniate margins, araneose; receptacle scales oblong, 6.5–11 mm long, acute, the upper half reddish and with laciniate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1018164-1 wfo-0000119938 morphology 21FC9078-8B4C-4DB8-A88A-41B2C54A6834 Corolla bright red; ray florets more than 15?, tube 4–4.5 mm long, ray 10–18 mm long, to 2 mm wide, often lobed; disc florets more than 35, tube ± 8 mm long, lobes 4–4.5 mm long, anthers pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1018164-1 wfo-0000119938 morphology 21FC9078-8B4C-4DB8-A88A-41B2C54A6834 Achenes not seen mature, 2–2.3 mm long, pubescent; pappus bristles few (± 5), distally flattened, 7–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1018164-1 wfo-0000136804 morphology 968C04AF-45A8-4061-94C2-E24B7F85ECCF Perennial herb with small rootstock and numerous fleshy roots; stems trailing or erect, 20–30 cm tall, rather densely leafy, ± branching, white-tomentose, ± glabrescent, often also with some glandular setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205020-1 wfo-0000136804 morphology 968C04AF-45A8-4061-94C2-E24B7F85ECCF Leaves cauline, sessile, (ob-) lanceolate, 2–6 cm long, 0.5–1.7 cm wide, slightly narrowed or attenuate towards the slightly semi-amplexicaul base, serrulate with revolute margins, acute, minutely apiculate, white-tomentose with prominent often glandular-setulose veins beneath, glabrescent to green and glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205020-1 wfo-0000136804 morphology 968C04AF-45A8-4061-94C2-E24B7F85ECCF Capitula radiate, solitary at the branch apices on rather long densely tomentose stalks; involucre shortly campanulate-cylindrical, at first thinly araneose, glabrescent, 10 mm long; phyllaries 25–35, 3-seriate, narrowly lanceolate, those of the outer series equalling or shorter than the inner, glabrescent, the margins shortly laciniate-dentate with a few teeth, the longest to 8.5 mm long; receptacle scales narrowly triangular-lanceolate, with acute shortly laciniate-dentate apices, ± 9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205020-1 wfo-0000136804 morphology 968C04AF-45A8-4061-94C2-E24B7F85ECCF Ray florets 6–7, female-sterile; corolla 12.5–17 mm long, rays white or pink, elliptic, obovate-oblong or obovate, apically deeply or broadly 3-toothed, 7–11 mm long; disc florets ± 25–30; corolla like the rays in colour, glabrous, 7–9.5 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 3–4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205020-1 wfo-0000136804 morphology 968C04AF-45A8-4061-94C2-E24B7F85ECCF Achenes 7 mm long, finely puberulous; pappus bristles linear, tawny, 5.5–7.5 mm long, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205020-1 wfo-0000123251 morphology 613E3502-8C0C-4382-B73D-CD0A5BE8DBDE Perennial herb with a woody rootstock; stems erect or scrambling, 20–100 cm tall, branching in upper part, white-tomentose and densely glandular-setulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205030-1 wfo-0000123251 morphology 613E3502-8C0C-4382-B73D-CD0A5BE8DBDE Leaves cauline, sessile, lanceolate or elliptic, 6–11 cm long, 1–3.5 cm wide, narrowed towards the slightly expanded auriculate semi-amplexicaul base, minutely serrulate, acute, obscurely acuminate-apiculate, white-tomentose except for the strongly glandular-setulose midrib and main veins beneath, thinly tomentose and glabrescent to green and persistently setulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205030-1 wfo-0000123251 morphology 613E3502-8C0C-4382-B73D-CD0A5BE8DBDE Capitula 2–4, radiate, solitary at the branch apices on short to rather long tomentose and setulose 1–2-bracteate stalks; bracts small, lanceolate; involucre broadly campanulate-cylindrical, 8–13 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, strongly laciniate-dentate, tomentose, ± glabrescent, setulose on midrib, inner laciniate-dentate in upper part, glabrous, the longest to 12 mm long; receptacle scales resembling the inner phyllaries. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205030-1 wfo-0000123251 morphology 613E3502-8C0C-4382-B73D-CD0A5BE8DBDE Ray florets female-sterile; corolla ± 20 mm long, rays white, oblong, apically irregularly 3-toothed, 7–10 mm long; disc florets: corolla like the rays in colour, glabrous, ± 10 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 4–4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205030-1 wfo-0000123251 morphology 613E3502-8C0C-4382-B73D-CD0A5BE8DBDE Achenes 4.7–6 mm long, rugulose between and brown-spotted along the ribs, finely puberulous; pappus bristles white, 8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205030-1 wfo-0000132951 morphology 79860BDA-6583-4E29-976D-615335FCF85A Perennial herb with a large woody tuberous rootstock; stems erect, 20–60 cm tall, densely glandular-setulose, sometimes also with eglandular tomentum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205029-1 wfo-0000132951 morphology 79860BDA-6583-4E29-976D-615335FCF85A Leaves cauline, sessile, ovate to lanceolate, 5–15 cm long, 0.5–3 cm wide, slightly narrowed towards the slightly auriculate semi-amplexicaul base, remotely minutely serrulate, acute or attenuate, apiculate, pale brownish or fulvous tomentose beneath, thinly araneose and glabrescent to green and persistently densely shortly setulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205029-1 wfo-0000132951 morphology 79860BDA-6583-4E29-976D-615335FCF85A Capitula discoid, 1–6 at the branch apices on very short bracteate stalks; bracts like the leaves but smaller; involucre broadly campanulate-cylindrical, 9–15 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, imbricate, lanceolate, laciniate-dentate towards the apex, thickly fulvous-tomentose, the outer somewhat shorter than the inner and sometimes entire, acute, the inner subobtuse, the longest 10–12 mm long; receptacle scales resembling the inner phyllaries. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205029-1 wfo-0000132951 morphology 79860BDA-6583-4E29-976D-615335FCF85A Florets with corolla white, glabrous, 8–12 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 3.5–4.5 mm long, anthers brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205029-1 wfo-0000132951 morphology 79860BDA-6583-4E29-976D-615335FCF85A Achenes 4.5–7 mm, long finely puberulous; pappus bristles narrow, 6–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205029-1 wfo-0000129452 morphology 23CCA948-E58F-4D10-BA56-515836648754 Erect annual herb; stems leafy, 25–60 cm tall, whitish-tomentose, glabrescent, often also with some glandular setae, branching from the upper leaf axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205024-1 wfo-0000129452 morphology 23CCA948-E58F-4D10-BA56-515836648754 Leaves cauline, sessile, (narrowly) lanceolate, 4–10 cm long, 0.8–2.5 cm wide, slightly narrowed or attenuate towards the slightly expanded subauriculate base, minutely serrulate, obtuse to acute, shortly acuminate-apiculate, white or grey tomentose beneath, thinly araneose and glabrescent and sometimes persistently glandular-setulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205024-1 wfo-0000129452 morphology 23CCA948-E58F-4D10-BA56-515836648754 Capitula discoid, solitary at the branch apices on rather long tomentose stalks; involucre shortly campanulate-cylindrical, at first tomentose, glabrescent, 8–9 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, the outer lanceolate, laciniate-dentate, the inner ovate, acuminate, entire except at the apex, the longest ± 7 mm long; receptacle scales resembling the inner phyllaries. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205024-1 wfo-0000129452 morphology 23CCA948-E58F-4D10-BA56-515836648754 Florets with corolla white, glabrous, 5–7 mm long, lobes narrowly oblong, 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205024-1 wfo-0000129452 morphology 23CCA948-E58F-4D10-BA56-515836648754 Achenes 4.5–5 mm long, finely puberulous, ± smooth, with brown dots betweeen the ribs; pappus bristles tawny, 3.5–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205024-1 wfo-0000013769 morphology 5942DD91-6CA9-45D7-A3D4-519B676BEC3E Perennial prostrate herb; stems tomentose and with red glandular setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1001908-1 wfo-0000013769 morphology 5942DD91-6CA9-45D7-A3D4-519B676BEC3E Leaves sessile, broadly obovate or oblong, 4–9 cm long and 2–6 cm wide, narrowed to an auriculate semi-amplexicaul base, margins serrulate, apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate, setulose on the veins and densely tomentose beneath, setulose and thinly tomentose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1001908-1 wfo-0000013769 morphology 5942DD91-6CA9-45D7-A3D4-519B676BEC3E Capitula radiate, few, terminal and in upper leaf axils; involucre campanulate, 17–20 mm long; phyllaries 4–5-seriate, progressively longer inwards, outer broadly ovate, median and inner broadly oblong, 3–15 mm long, all rounded, apically shortly laciniate-dentate, araneose towards the margins and purplish at the apex; receptacular scales oblong or narrowly so, membranous, glabrous, minutely laciniate at the hardly expanded apex, 13–14 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1001908-1 wfo-0000013769 morphology 5942DD91-6CA9-45D7-A3D4-519B676BEC3E Florets ± 30; corollas dark red; marginal florets bilabiate, reddish purple, 15–35 mm long, the limb 14–26 mm long; disc florets 14–17 mm long, glabrous, lobes 4–5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1001908-1 wfo-0000013769 morphology 5942DD91-6CA9-45D7-A3D4-519B676BEC3E Ovaries pubescent, mature achenes unknown; pappus of 3–5 whitish marginally barbellate acute setae, 7–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1001908-1 wfo-0000013982 morphology B23B3B58-4FDC-4163-ACE3-59464E1BB66E Erect or straggling herb, 30–240 cm tall; stems rather laxly leafy, white-tomentose and often also glandular-setose in lower parts, glandular-setose but not tomentose in upper parts, older stems glabrescent, purplish red, longitudinally many-ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174521-1 wfo-0000013982 morphology B23B3B58-4FDC-4163-ACE3-59464E1BB66E Leaves slightly expanded and sheathing at attachment to stem; petiole tomentose beneath, glandular-setose above and on margins, 0–2.5 cm long; lamina elliptic to very broadly elliptic, sometimes obovate, lanceolate or ovate, 5–22 cm long, 1.5–5 cm wide, base rounded to cuneate or attenuate, remotely to coarsely serrate, apex shortly acuminate to acuminate-attenuate, silvery with persistent felted tomentum beneath, dark green, at first thinly araneose and persistently glandular-setose above; leaves of the inflorescence branches smaller and comparatively narrower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174521-1 wfo-0000013982 morphology B23B3B58-4FDC-4163-ACE3-59464E1BB66E Capitula terminal, up to 10 on long rather slender ebracteate or minutely 1–2-bracteate glandular-setose stalks; involucre glabrous, 9.5–14 mm long; phyllaries ± 30–35, broadly ovate to lanceolate, green with darker midrib and main veins and often with purplish margins, especially towards the apex, the longest 9.5–10.5 mm long; receptacle scales narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apically narrowed, obtuse, glabrous, 10–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174521-1 wfo-0000013982 morphology B23B3B58-4FDC-4163-ACE3-59464E1BB66E Florets ± 20–30; corolla greenish yellow, 8.5–11.5 mm long, lobes 2.5–4 mm long, anthers dark-coloured, styles yellowish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174521-1 wfo-0000013982 morphology B23B3B58-4FDC-4163-ACE3-59464E1BB66E Achenes 5.2–7 mm long, the ribs uniting in pairs at the base, finely shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174521-1 wfo-0000013982 morphology B23B3B58-4FDC-4163-ACE3-59464E1BB66E Fig. 8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174521-1 wfo-0000071996 distribution 799AA94F-712A-48FF-BCCD-D7997D8570AB This annual cornfield weed (cornflower) with bright blue marginal florets is native to Europe and the Middle East. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200816-1 wfo-0000014591 morphology 22612FD8-24F0-4C4D-8EE2-DECC0434B1B8 Biennial herb 0.3–2 m high; stems ribbed, sparsely villous, emerging from a rosette of leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 wfo-0000014591 morphology 22612FD8-24F0-4C4D-8EE2-DECC0434B1B8 Leaves pale green, mottled along the veins; rosette leaves obovate in outline, deeply triangular-lobed, 10–50 cm long, 5–25 cm wide, base petiolate, withered at time of flowering; cauline leaves only slightly lobed, ovate-lanceolate in outline, 2–20 cm long, 0.7–8 cm wide, base auriculate and amplexicaul; margins of all leaves strongly spiny-dentate, sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 wfo-0000014591 morphology 22612FD8-24F0-4C4D-8EE2-DECC0434B1B8 Capitula terminal and solitary; involucre 2.5–4 cm long; phyllaries with an appressed ovate base, widening abruptly to an ovate appendage which recurves in the outer phyllaries, 1–4.5 cm long, with acuminate pungent apex; inner phyllaries without appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 wfo-0000014591 morphology 22612FD8-24F0-4C4D-8EE2-DECC0434B1B8 Corolla blue-violet, tube filiform, 22–25 mm long, lobes 7–9 mm long, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 wfo-0000014591 morphology 22612FD8-24F0-4C4D-8EE2-DECC0434B1B8 Achenes brown with black streaks, obovoid, 6–7 mm long, slightly compressed; pappus 15–22 mm long, connate into a basal ring and falling as a unit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 wfo-0000014591 morphology 22612FD8-24F0-4C4D-8EE2-DECC0434B1B8 Fig. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:249211-1 wfo-0000073123 morphology 964E6CD1-8CC8-4565-9071-96B2D0F90E86 Annual or perennial herb, 30–90 cm high, sometimes woody near the base, much-branched; stems angular, sparsely glandular, arachnoid but rapidly glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:963115-1 wfo-0000073123 morphology 964E6CD1-8CC8-4565-9071-96B2D0F90E86 Leaves pinnatifid, sessile, obovate in outline, 2–9 cm long, 0.8–4 cm wide, base with a winged pseudopetiole, the very base briefly decurrent on the stem, lobes 3–5 pairs and a terminal lobe, obovate, dentate, apex acute, tomentose or arachnoid above but glabrescent, densely scabridulous but glabrescent beneath, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:963115-1 wfo-0000073123 morphology 964E6CD1-8CC8-4565-9071-96B2D0F90E86 Capitula solitary on axillary or terminal branches, on stalks 1–16 cm long with reduced leaves or bracts, but the whole plant branching to form a lax inflorescence; involucre obconical, 15–20 mm long; phyllaries green with paler margins and tipped black, erect, lanceolate, 3–17 mm long, acute, glandular and thin-pubescent; receptacle with slightly flattened setae to 11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:963115-1 wfo-0000073123 morphology 964E6CD1-8CC8-4565-9071-96B2D0F90E86 Florets many (several tens); outer florets few, in a single row, sterile, tube filiform, 5–12 mm long, with 2–3(–4) linear lobes 2–3 mm long; inner florets with tube cylindrical from a wider base and slightly funnel-shaped distally, 3.3–4.8 mm long, pubescent; corolla proximally whitish, distally pale pink to lilac, five lobes strap-shaped, 1.5–2 mm long, erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:963115-1 wfo-0000073123 morphology 964E6CD1-8CC8-4565-9071-96B2D0F90E86 Achenes brownish, ellipsoid, 2.5–5 mm long, slightly ribbed, hairy, with a slightly widened distal rim; pappus set inside the rim, of several rows of narrow scales 0.5–4 mm long, rounded or ciliate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:963115-1 wfo-0000073123 morphology 964E6CD1-8CC8-4565-9071-96B2D0F90E86 Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:963115-1 wfo-0000118698 morphology 901C5D53-2FB6-4725-AB61-5C7C5F311C92 Herb to 1.5 m high with entire, dentate leaves; capitula similar to those of V. boranensis but florets longer than the involucre, and the outer and median phyllaries with long recurved apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:260098-1 wfo-0000122422 morphology 92C85963-738E-4027-94F3-32F985B1520F Perennial herb with one to several stems from branched woody rootstock, often flowering from ground level before the leafy branches appear; stems to 50 cm high, hardly branched, thinly pubescent but glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191306-1 wfo-0000122422 morphology 92C85963-738E-4027-94F3-32F985B1520F Leaves grey-green, subsessile, narrowly elliptic, 3–7 cm long, 0.3–1.4(–6) cm wide, base attenuate or almost wider than the stem, margins entire or with a few small distal teeth, apex acute and mucronate, thinly pubescent becoming scabridulous and glabrescent, densely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191306-1 wfo-0000122422 morphology 92C85963-738E-4027-94F3-32F985B1520F Capitula heterogamous, radiant, often precocious and at ground level (especially in Tanzania), where they are terminal on short stalks to 5 cm long, or solitary and terminal on leafy shoots to 20 cm long; involucre 1.5–2 cm high; phyllaries green with brown tips, ovate to lanceolate, 5–19 mm long, the outermost smallest and with reflexed appendages with 3–7 spines to 7 mm long, the inner with fewer spines and with the appendage pectinate-fimbriate; receptacle with setae 8–13 mm long, flattened and twisted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191306-1 wfo-0000122422 morphology 92C85963-738E-4027-94F3-32F985B1520F Florets exserted, scented; marginal florets with corolla white or pale mauve, in one series, neuter, the tube cylindric, 18 mm long, lobes 5.5–6 mm long, erect, staminodes and ?vestigial style included; inner florets with corolla white or pale mauve, many, tube cylindric, 10–12 mm long, lobes 3.5–5 mm long, spreading or erect, anthers pale purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191306-1 wfo-0000122422 morphology 92C85963-738E-4027-94F3-32F985B1520F Achenes pale brown, ovoid-cylindric, 7–8 mm long, 4-grooved, sparsely pilose or glabrous; pappus of narrow scale-like setae to 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191306-1 wfo-0000122422 morphology 92C85963-738E-4027-94F3-32F985B1520F Fig. 15. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191306-1 wfo-0000005385 morphology 2033CA40-1945-4B92-A11F-744CE63E2140 Erect herb to 1 m high; stems branched, narrowly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:190991-1 wfo-0000005385 morphology 2033CA40-1945-4B92-A11F-744CE63E2140 Leaves sessile, elliptic, 4–15 cm long, 0.3–1 cm wide, margins entire or sometimes pinnatilobed in lowermost leaves, hispid-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:190991-1 wfo-0000005385 morphology 2033CA40-1945-4B92-A11F-744CE63E2140 Capitula solitary and terminal on short lateral branches; involucre 10–17 mm long; phyllaries ovate, 12 mm long, with spiny terminal appendages; receptacle with setae to 7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:190991-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, rarely shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:99 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Leaves basically alternate, exstipulate or stipulate, simple or, more usually, digitately or pinnately compound urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Flowers in axillary cymes or in pseudumbels or solitary, regular, hermaphrodite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Sepals 5, free, with imbricate aestivation urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Petals 5, free or somewhat adherent near the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Stamens 10(15), 2(3)-seriate; filaments fused below to form a tube with alternate short and long stamens; anthers 2-thecous, versatile, opening inwards urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Ovary superior, 5-locular; styles 5, rarely 1; stigmas capitate, entire, bifid or laciniate; ovules 1–many in each locule; placentation axile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Fruit a capsule dehiscing loculicidally, or a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000434 morphology 9C51B83B-DB2E-4685-9B51-7CF751B2A81E Seeds with the endosperm fleshy or absent; embryo straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126611-1 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Leaves simple, alternate, exstipulate or stipules small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Flowers usually rather large and showy, regular or irregular, hermaphrodite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Calyx 2–6-lobed or circumscissile, if the lobes free then valvate or slightly imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Petals 4–6 or lacking, free or connate at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Stamens numerous, in several rows, free or mostly basally united into a short tube, the inner filaments shorter and often without anthers; anthers basifixed or rarely adnate, opening by slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Ovary inferior or half-inferior, 1–6(–many)-locular; ovules 1–many in each locule, axile or pendulous from near the apex; style simple or shortly branched at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Fruit woody, fibrous or fleshy, indehiscent or operculate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000322 morphology 5B8D352D-2C5A-499C-8473-77B362B4708A Seeds without or with thin endosperm; embryo straight or curved, sometimes solid and undifferentiated, but in many genera with normal cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000348-2 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Trees, shrubs, climbers, more rarely perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Leaves alternate (opposite in Hibbertia from Madagascar), simple, rarely deeply lobed or pinnatifid (not in Africa) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Stipules absent or more rarely adnate to the petiole and wing-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Flowers bisexual, or unisexual, regular, hypogynous, borne in terminal or axillary cymes or racemes, sometimes solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Sepals 3–5(–20), free, imbricate, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Petals (2–)5(–6), free, imbricate, often relatively large and showy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Stamens (3–)?, free or partially united at the base into bundles, often persistent; anthers 2-thecous, dehiscence by means of a longitudinal slit or apical pore urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Carpels (1–)3–5(–20), free or partially united along the central axis; ovules 1 or more, anatropous, erect from the base or inner suture; styles free; stigma simple urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Fruit a follicle or berry-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000190 morphology D645B567-E75E-4425-8436-6DDC46583531 Seeds usually bearing a laciniate aril and copious fleshy endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126565-1 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Herbs, shrubs, or suffrutices, very rarely arborescent; stems fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Leaves alternate or opposite, radical ones occasionally in basal rosettes, if opposite often unequal, usually stipulate and petiolate, serrate, crenate or dentate, lobed, dissected or compound, rarely entire urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Inflorescence usually axillary, sometimes pseudumbellate, occasionally l-flowered, determinate, bracteate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Flowers hermaphrodite or very rarely dioecious, usually chasmogamous but occasionally cleistogamous, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, hypogynous, generally (4)5(8)-merous, heterochlamydous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Sepals (4)5, free or connate at the base, imbricate or rarely valvate, the posterior (uppermost) one sometimes spurred (especially in Pelargonium) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Petals 5 (rarely 8, 4, 2, or even 0 by reduction), free, mostly unequal, hypogynous or subperigynous, imbricate or rarely contorted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Disk (extrastaminal or nectariferous) glands often present, alternating with the petals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Stamens twice as many as the sepals, more rarely three times as many, some occasionally sterile; filaments free, usually ± connate at the base, sometimes connate in 5 bundles of 3 each; anthers versatile, introrse, 2-thecous, dehiscing longitudinally; pollen grains of different types, usually 3-colpate or 3-colporate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Ovary superior, syncarpous, (2)3-5(8)-locular; ovules 1-2 in each chamber, pendulous, anatropous, superposed; placentation axile; style present and adhering to the beak or absent; stigmas ligulate, clavate or filiform, rarely capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Fruit a schizocarp or sometimes a 3-5(rarely 8)-lobed capsule; mericarps rostrate, breaking away from a persisting central column, usually 1-seeded (rarely 2-many-seeded) and dehiscing septicidally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000245 morphology 1E515E42-4D28-42AD-B84A-5CE499977841 Seeds smooth or minutely reticulate; embryo curved, rarely straight; endosperm scanty or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001521-2 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Aquatic or terrestrial herbs or subshrubs with hermaphrodite, monoecious or dioecious flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Leaves usually exstipulate, alternate, opposite, whorled or all radical, sometimes very small, the blades simple, entire or ± divided especially in the case of submerged leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Inflorescences axillary or terminal, the flowers in cymes, fascicles, racemes, panicles, spikes or solitary; bracts often present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Flowers often bracteolate, usually small, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Calyx with the tube adnate to the ovary; lobes 2–4, valvate, sometimes rudimentary or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Petals 2(–3)–4, valvate or slightly imbricate-contorted, or sometimes absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Stems (1–)2–8; filaments long or short; anthers basifixed, 2-thecous, dehiscing by lateral slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000268 morphology 7DD189DA-E775-4BF2-8E09-C7FDE03332C4 Ovary inferior, rounded or angular to winged, 1–4-locular; locules 1-ovulate; ovule apical, pendulous, anatropous; styles 1–4, free or absent; stigmas papillate or plumose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126650-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 Leaves emergent or sometimes floating, often fern-like, borne in a rosette on the rhizome, developing when the water is low, dilated and ligulate at the base, at first small and entire, becoming large, entire, lobed or 2–3-pinnate, the petiole, rhachis and subdivisions covered with emergences of very diverse shape urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 Flowers unisexual in dense spikes (synflorescence polytele), sometimes appearing precociously, usually when water low, each flower borne in the axil of a bract consisting of a distal and proximal part, the latter usually termed the spur (éperon) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 Sepals and petals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 The ? flower is reduced to a single stamen; anther with 2 divergent thecae dehiscing longitudinally; pollen in tetrads urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 The ? flower reduced to a unilocular but 2-carpellate ovary; placentas 2, parietal with numerous anatropous tenuinucleate unitegmic ovules; styles 2, glabrous, erect or divergent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 Fruit a small capsule enclosed by the bract, opening by 2 equal valves along the median suture, many-seeded, bearing the persistent styles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 Seeds ovoid, very light; endosperm cellular, divided into 3 parts but transitory, soon used by the developing embryo and ± nil in ripe seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Dioecious trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Leaves alternate; stipules small or foliaceous, usually deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Flowers grouped into unisexual catkins, often appearing before leaves; each flower subtended by a bract; perianth absent; disc present, often forming one or more fleshy glands urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Male flower with 2–many stamens; filaments filiform, free or united; anthers 2-thecous, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Female flower with 1-locular ovary, 2–4 parietal placentas and numerous ovules; style 2–4-fid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Stamens 5, alternate with petals, free or with somewhat connivent filaments; anthers dithecous, introrse, opening by slits or pores urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Ovary superior, sessile or shortly stipitate, paracarpous, with 2–5 carpels and parietal placentas, usually unilocular but sometimes 2–5-locular by central contact of placentas; style simple with capitate or somewhat lobed stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Fruit a berry or a capsule with generally entire valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Seeds without an aril but often covered by a viscid resin, rarely dry and winged; testa thin and smooth; endosperm copious and horny; embryo minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Shrubs or herbs, the latter often with tubers or rhizomes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Leaves alternate or radical, simple or compound; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Flowers variously arranged in panicles, racemes, clusters or solitary, regular, hermaphrodite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Sepals and petals usually similar, in 2-several series, hypogynous, free, imbricate or the outer valvate, rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Stamens 4–9, opposite the petals, hypogynous, free; anthers 2-thecous, opening by longitudinal slits or valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Ovary 1-locular; ovules basal or ventral, anatropous, few or sometimes numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000362 morphology 430931F3-E090-4590-B1CE-F29589362020 Large terrestrial ferns with often very large fronds and stipular outgrowths at the base of the stipe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126774-1 wfo-7000000362 morphology 430931F3-E090-4590-B1CE-F29589362020 Rhizome creeping or erect, short and massive urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126774-1 wfo-7000000427 morphology AD36381E-019D-41D8-8E76-2CD7AC44443E Herbs, mainly terrestrial but some epiphytic, usually small and fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30029205-2 wfo-7000000427 morphology AD36381E-019D-41D8-8E76-2CD7AC44443E Rhizome globose to elongate; roots lacking root hairs, mycorrhizal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30029205-2 wfo-7000000427 morphology AD36381E-019D-41D8-8E76-2CD7AC44443E Leaves few to solitary, simple or divided, sterile segments foliaceous, fertile segments terminal, spike-like, petiolate, simple or compound; both sterile and fertile segments arising from a common stipe, glabrous or hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30029205-2 wfo-7000000217 morphology ABBD7FDA-CACE-401A-A9D1-DF69260F0156 Terrestrial plants urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126772-1 wfo-7000000217 morphology ABBD7FDA-CACE-401A-A9D1-DF69260F0156 Aerial stems erect, uniform or of two kinds, fertile and sterile, hollow, ribbed; arising from creeping subterranean, often very deep, rhizomes; producing whorls of branches at the nodes; some species produce tubers borne singly or in rows like strings of beads, from the rhizomes near the roots urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126772-1 wfo-7000000217 morphology ABBD7FDA-CACE-401A-A9D1-DF69260F0156 Leaves reduced, in whorls, those of each whorl being united to form a sheath around the stem at each node urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126772-1 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Trees, shrubs or rarely herbs, sometimes climbing by tendrils urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Indumentum commonly of simple hairs, sometimes in tufts in the axils of leaf-veins, rarely fasciculate; glands of several kinds occurring on both vegetative and flowering parts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Annual glabrous hygrophytic herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Stem erect or decumbent, somewhat succulent and spongy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Leaves spirally arranged, simple, entire, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Inflorescences terminal, densely spicate, acropetal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Flowers small, bisexual, regular, subtended by a bract and 2 bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary; segments 5, shortly connate, imbricate, connivent, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Corolla campanulate-urceolate, perigynous, caducous; lobes 5, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Stamens 5, alternipetalous, inserted on the corolla-tube; filaments very short; anthers rounded, 2-thecous, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Ovary semi-inferior, 2-locular; style short; stigma capitate, slightly 2-lobed; ovules very numerous, anatropous, attached to large spongy stipitate axile placentas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Fruit a circumscissile capsule (pyxidium), cuneate-obconic, 2-locular, membranous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000577 morphology AE8ED0FB-94BB-42EB-BEF9-A5812F451D00 Seeds very numerous, minute, oblong; testa irregularly plicate-costate; albumen scanty or none; embryo axile, straight, subterete urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126800-1 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Trees or shrubs, rarely climbers, generally with milky juice urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Leaves alternate, simple, always entire in Africa urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Stipules present, often caducous, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Flowers solitary or clustered in the axils or at nodes below, hermaphrodite or rarely ? by reduction of stamens, regular, generally small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Calyx with 4–8 sepals or shortly united lobes in one or two whorls, rarely spiral urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Corolla usually cream or white, campanulate to shortly tubular, with 4–8 lobes in 1–2 series and sometimes divided into 3 segments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Stipules linear, ± 4 mm. long; rhachis up to 6 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 1 mm., prolonged 2–3 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; petiolules well developed (± 1 mm. long); leaflets 11–27, cuneate-oblong, apiculate, up to 10 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Racemes 8–30-flowered, up to 13 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 5 cm.; bracts narrow, 1.5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 3 mm. long in flower, up to 5 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Calyx ± 2.5 mm. long, divided well below the middle into triangular-subulate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Corolla densely appressed brown strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Fruit rather tetragonal, 2–3 cm. long, ±1.6 mm. wide and thick, strigulose, 8–12-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000191731 morphology D02BE432-E50C-45EF-8F51-1F79E12001D3 Seeds pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499229-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Branches prostrate from a woody perennial taproot, more or less sparsely appressed strigulose almost throughout, the hairs up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Stipules linear, up to 3 mm. long; rhachis up to 15 mm. long, including a petiole of ± 1 mm., but usually much shorter, not or but shortly (± 1 mm.) prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–13, often with dark crimson processes in their axils, elliptic-oblong or euneate-obovate, up to 10 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, but usually much smaller, sometimes glabrous above, always having a blister at each side and another beneath the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Racemes 2–3-flowered; peduncle glabrous and up to 2 cm. long but usually much less; bracts filiform, ± 1 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Calyx ± 1.5 mm. long, divided to the middle, each lobe with a blister on it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Corolla puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Pod erect, somewhat flattened, up to 18 mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide and 1.2 mm. thick, strigulose, 8–12-seeded; endocarp with numerous intense or faint spots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Seeds ± pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000190897 morphology 189AE140-481C-45A0-84A0-87765DF8FC3A Fig. 39/3, p. 239. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499072-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Spreading annual up to 10 cm. tall; hairs up to 1 mm. long, various, some finer, unequally biramous, spreading at the tips, others especially on the lower leaf-surface stiff, medifixed, appressed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Stipules linear up to 6 mm. long; rhachis up to 17 mm. long including a petiole of up to 7 mm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 1–7, obovate, broadly elliptic or suborbicular, obtuse, up to 10 mm. long and 9 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Racemes 1-flowered, the peduncle filiform, nearly glabrous, up to 12 mm. long; bract minute, filiform, caducous; pedicel pilose, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Calyx 1.5 mm. long, divided for two-thirds of its length into linear-subulate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Corolla puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193802 morphology 8DB6F508-588E-43C2-9B5B-6BE8D5178F37 Pod rather flattened, up to 12 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide and 0.6 mm. thick, strigulose, 6–10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499683-1 wfo-0000193811 morphology 2754A056-C27F-4DF6-8320-780237FABBB1 Annual herb differing from I. monantha in having narrower leaflets (the terminal leaflet being about twice as long as wide) with viscid margins and tips, and in the glabrous ovary and fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499684-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Prostrate annual, the branches 3–8 cm. long, more or less pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Stipules setaceous, spreading, 6–7 mm. long; rhachis up to 2 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 1 cm., prolonged 2–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–5, obovate, up to 9 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, the lateral ones sometimes reduced to setaceous processes, with glandular margins, sparsely pubescent above, strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Racemes (1–) 2-flowered; peduncles 4–6 mm. long, pilose or glabrescent; bracts (? very caducous) not seen; pedicels pilose, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Calyx pilose, ± 1.4 mm. long; lobes subulate, ± 1 mm. long, glandular at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Pod ± 9 mm. long, 1.1 mm. wide, 0.9 mm. thick, pubescent, 5–7-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000193703 morphology A417A28C-02C3-434F-A58B-BE0AFB388309 Seeds rectangular, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499661-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Annual, with prostrate white pubescent branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Stipules filiform, 1.5–2 mm. long; leaf-rhachis pubescent, extending 0.5–1 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets, in all 5–14 mm. long, including the 1–2 mm. petiole; leaflets 3–9, elliptic-oblong, the terminal cuneate, up to 5 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, appressed strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Raceme 2–4-flowered; rhachis filiform, almost glabrous, 13–18 mm. long, including the peduncle of 9–11 mm.; pedicels 0.5–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Calyx pilose, ± 1 mm. long including a tube of 0.4 mm.; lobes cylindrical towards the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Stamens 3–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Style 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000194102 morphology DD817722-B143-4F01-86F7-CD0D586BC280 Pod erect, somewhat curved, beaked at the apex, flat, bullate over the seeds, 9–10 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 0.4 mm. thick, appressed strigulose, 3–6-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499752-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 An erect coarsely pilose branching herb ± 40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 Stipules linear, up to 8 mm. long; rhachis up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–6 mm., prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–9, lanceolate, up to 12 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, both pilose and strigose above and beneath with the hairs up to 1 mm. long, glandular at the margins and, in the upper leaves, gland-tipped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 Racemes usually 2-flowered; peduncle filiform, 5–11 mm. long, pilose; bracts none; pedicel 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 Calyx pilose, 1.5 mm. long; lobes 1 mm. long, cylindrical with truncate glandular tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 Stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000193542 morphology 39FAA2F9-1FB4-401E-A357-A19202BAAA58 Pod 10–15 mm. long, strigulose, 6–10-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499626-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Erect much-branched shrublet up to 1 m. tall; young branches more or less densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Stipules brownish, glabrous, narrowly triangular-attenuate, ± 2 mm. long; rhachis pilose, up to 5 cm. long in luxuriant young plants but usually much less, including a yellow petiole of, as a rule, ± 1 mm., prolonged ± 1 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets usually 7–15, less often 3–5, with well-developed stipellae, cuneate-oblong, obtuse, apiculate, often recurved at the tip, up to 11 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, usually glabrous, rarely strigulose above, strigose beneath (hairs 1 mm. long), channelled and glutinous at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Racemes usually 2–3-flowered; peduncle up to 15 mm. long, glabrescent; bracts very caducous, linear, 0.5–1 mm. long; pedicels pilose, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Calyx ± 1.5 mm. long, divided to the middle; lobes usually glandular at the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Stamens 4–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Pod black when ripe with yellow sutures, 10–20 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, 1.4 mm. thick, usually glabrous, rarely strigulose, 7–10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000195752 morphology D163019A-3B79-4E19-B88C-6963ECDAD968 Seeds pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500073-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Annual branching herb ± 20 cm. tall; branches pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Stipules linear, 2–4 mm. long; rhachis pilose, 7–12 mm. long, including a petiole of 2–3 mm., prolonged some 2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–7, narrowly elliptic-oblong, ± 7 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, strigose beneath, pilose above, the margins and the tip when young somewhat glutinous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Racemes 2-flowered; peduncle slender, glabrous, 9–15 mm. long; bracts very caducous; pedicels pilose, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Calyx pilose, 1.8 mm. long, divided to the middle; lobes with subulate glandular tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Corolla puberulous outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000193871 morphology EA1A760C-BFDB-4267-B03C-70FC645D817E Pod markedly flattened, 14–16 mm. long, 1.6 mm. wide, 0.9 mm. thick, sparsely strigose, 11–12-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499704-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Perennial herb with a woody corky-barked base and procumbent pubescent branches up to ± 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Stipules 1–2 mm. long; rhachis 13–18 mm. long including a petiole of 2–3 mm., prolonged ± 2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–9, broadly elliptic or obovate, ± 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, with viscid tips and margins, ± strigose above and markedly so beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Racemes 3–15-flowered, the axis almost glabrous, 25–50 mm. long, including a peduncle of 8–20 mm.; bracts caducous, ± 1 mm. long; pedicels pilose, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Calyx strigose, ± 1.8 mm. long, the ± triangular subulate-tipped lobes rather shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Stamens 2.5–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000191943 morphology 2D8F88B1-2BFD-4216-87E7-1DDB1CAF97EE Pod 12–15 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, 1.5 mm. thick, sparingly strigose, ± 8-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499301-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Erect or spreading annual, branching from the base, up to 80 cm. tall from a taproot; branches more or less densely pubescent or pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Stipules linear, pilose, ± 4 mm. long; rhachis pilose, up to 2 cm. long including a petiole rarely, except for first leaves in young plants, exceeding 1 mm., prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, usually acute, rarely over 10 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, appressed pilose above, strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Raceme 2–4-flowered; peduncle almost glabrous, 8–30 mm. long; bracts filiform, 1–2 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels pilose, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Calyx pilose, 2–3 mm. long, divided below the middle into filiform lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Pods dark green or blackish, 10–25 mm. long, 1.7 mm. wide, 1.3 mm. thick, strigose-puberulent, 8–15-seeded; endocarp mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Seeds pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000190208 morphology 281DB06D-1F12-4A46-90CF-F9CA68BCC6EC Fig. 39/4, p. 239. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498939-1 wfo-0000193000 morphology 63802169-2C60-4DED-AB3A-51B038C99854 A spreading annual herb up to 30 cm. tall, differing from I. ambelacensis in the petioles 4–10 mm. long, and the shorter, flatter, pale green, 4–8-seeded pods, 7–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499524-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Erect annual up to 60 cm. tall, the branches glabrous or with very few appressed hairs ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Stipules filiform, almost glabrous, ± 2 mm. long; lower leaves up to 15-foliolate, the upper ones ± 7-foliolate; petiole nil or under 1 mm.; rhachis up to 45 mm. long, prolonged up to 4 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets, in the larger leaves the interval between the 2 lower leaflet pairs is 1–2 mm. only, less than half that between the other leaflet pairs; leaflets narrowly cuneate-oblong, rounded or acute, subapiculate, up to 15mm. long and 5mm. wide,the lowest pair asymmetrically ovate-acute, ± 6 mm. long by 3 mm. wide, glabrescent above, strigose beneath, with glutinous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Racemes 2–3-flowered; peduncle glabrous, 12–20 mm. long; bracts caducous, filiform, up to 1 mm. long; pedicels glabrescent, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Calyx strigulose, 1.3 mm. long, divided to the middle, the lobes triangular with glandular tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Corolla sparsely puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Stamens 4–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Pod 13–20 mm. long, ± 1.7 mm. wide and 1.4 mm. thick, glabrous, 5–10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000196421 morphology 7DEA3988-CC8D-43D1-A33F-71719597CE6F Seeds pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500194-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Spreading or erect annual up to 1 m. tall, the branches sparsely appressed pilose or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Stipules linear-subulate, 3–4 mm. long; rhachis up to 16 mm. long, including a petiole of 1–4 mm., prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–9, oblong-oblanceolate, up to 14 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, appressed pilose above, strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Racemes 2–5-flowered; peduncle 10–15 mm. long, glabrous; bracts linear, up to 2 mm. long, caducous; pedicels glabrous, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Calyx strigose, 1.5 mm. long; lobes subulate, longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Stamens 4 or rarely 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000195802 morphology B8FF9E26-92BF-4EC9-AD4F-9754942E1943 Pods 10–14 mm. long, ±1.5 mm. wide and 1.1 mm. thick, sparingly strigulose, the hairs 0.5 mm. long, ± 10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500084-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Erect branching annual or perennial plant with a taproot, up to 140 cm. tall, usually smelling of coumarin; branches appressed pilose or strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Stipules subulate, appressed pilose, 1.5–3 mm. long; rhachis up to 2 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–6 mm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5 or 7, sometimes 3 or 9, elliptic to cuneate-oblong, rounded at the apex, apiculate, up to 11 mm. long and 5 mm. wide but often, especially under dry conditions, much smaller, yellowish and appressed pilose or strigulose above, greenish and strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Racemes 4–7-flowered, the peduncles pilose or glabrescent, up to 2 cm. long; bracts caducous, pubescent, ± 1 mm. long; pedicel pubescent, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Calyx strigose, 1.5 mm. long, divided to the middle; lobes triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Pod subtetragonal, 18–25 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.7 mm. thick, appressed strigulose, the hairs ± 0.4 mm. long, 8–14-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Seeds orange-yellow, cuboid, 1 by 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000196294 morphology 8C71D418-064D-4FCD-90D2-D63F6CC460E8 Fig. 39/2, p. 239. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500180-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Erect annual from a taproot, up to 70 cm. tall; branches strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Stipules setaceous, glabrescent, up to 3 mm. long; rhachis thinly strigose, up to 27 mm. long, including a petiole up to 5 mm., prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae filiform, ± 1 mm. long; leaflets 3–9, elliptic or cuneate-oblong, up to 15 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous above, sparsely strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Racemes 1–3-flowered, the peduncles glabrous, 5–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Calyx strigulose, ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, rather longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Corolla strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Stamens ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000191373 morphology 7EE6E861-7984-42A9-8A8C-58DA4C45B1E4 Pod 13–18 mm. long, ± 1.2 mm. wide and 0.8 mm. thick, glabrous or with a few appressed hairs, 6–10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499172-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Silvery perennial herb branching from a woody base, up to 50 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Young stems, like the stipules, leaves, peduncles and calyces more or less densely clothed with rather long white hairs, mostly appressed, but many spreading at the tips, the older stems reddish-brown, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Stipules linear, 2–3 mm. long; rhachis up to 10 mm. long, including a petiole of 2–4 mm., not or hardly prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–7 or often 3 in the lowest leaf of each branch, cuneate-oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse or acute, apiculate, often folded and recurved at the apex, up to 11 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Racemes 1–4-flowered; peduncles 10–15 mm. long; bracts filiform, up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000356989 morphology 98388FA2-15D3-44A7-953F-41D586BE6563 Leaves up to 25 cm. long, bright green and shining above, pale greyish green beneath; leaflets 4–10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578867-1 wfo-0000356989 morphology 98388FA2-15D3-44A7-953F-41D586BE6563 Panicles up to 20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578867-1 wfo-0000356989 morphology 98388FA2-15D3-44A7-953F-41D586BE6563 Capsule up to 5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578867-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Tree to 50 m. high, or, rarely, taller; crown regular with few though massive branches and with the leaves clustered at the ends of thick branchlets; bole long, cylindrical, scarcely tapered; buttresses rounded, extending up the bole for 2–5 m.; bark thick, grey-brown, regularly cracked and fissured into squarish, scale-like pieces 3–6 cm. across; these pieces persist for a long period; newly-exposed surface pale warm brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Leaves up to 50 cm. long; leaflets 16–32, opposite, subopposite or alternate, oblong-lanceolate, oblong-elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, but the proximal pairs often ovate, up to 14 × 5 cm., apex gradually acuminate, base unequally rounded and usually subocordate; lower surface almost glabrous except for conspicuous tufts of hair in the axils of the 10–16 pairs of lateral nerves; venation closely reticulate but not very prominent on both surfaces; petiole slightly winged, covered with short rusty hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Inflorescence up to 20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Calyx 0.1 cm. long, tomentellous, scarcely lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Petals 0.5 cm. long, densely puberulous to tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Staminal tube 0.3 cm. long, urceolate, margin subentire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Capsule club- shaped, rounded at the apex, 14–21 × 4.5 cm.; valves 0.8 cm. thick, thickened and incurved at the apex, dehiscing from the apex of the capsule and remaining firmly attached to the base, the whole capsule falling entire, brownish black outside and with large rusty lenticels, shining golden-brown inside with darker streaks; scars on columella small, inconspicuous, without hairs, disposed in a single, ± central line on each face of the columella and connected by a sinuous irregular groove. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Seeds (including wing) ± 9.5 × 2 cm., dark brown, obliquely truncate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668244 morphology ADA483AD-BF23-4E7E-9C91-B0A177D7FD90 Fig. 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578428-1 wfo-0000668207 morphology 5DE887AE-E6AB-40B4-8559-45D06C2EE0EE Large spreading deciduous tree ± 20 m. high, with scaly bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578400-1 wfo-0000668207 morphology 5DE887AE-E6AB-40B4-8559-45D06C2EE0EE Leaves up to 30 cm. long; leaflets 10–14, opposite or subopposite, ovate to lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, up to 9 × 4 cm., asymmetric, apex acute to shortly and bluntly acuminate, base unequally rounded to obliquely subcordate; lower surface softly pubescent, especially on nerves and in nerve axils; lateral nerves in 7–11 pairs, venation closely reticulate, scarcely prominent above, more distinct beneath: petiolules 0.1–0.5 cm. long; petiole not flattened, densely and softly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578400-1 wfo-0000668207 morphology 5DE887AE-E6AB-40B4-8559-45D06C2EE0EE Inflorescence an elongate, slender contracted panicle up to 27 × 2–4 cm.; inflorescence-axes and calyx densely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578400-1 wfo-0000668207 morphology 5DE887AE-E6AB-40B4-8559-45D06C2EE0EE Flowers similar to those of E. utile but much smaller; petals 0.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578400-1 wfo-0000668207 morphology 5DE887AE-E6AB-40B4-8559-45D06C2EE0EE Capsule similar to that of E. utile but valves very closely mottled with smaller buff lenticels outside and pale buff inside with indistinct markings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578400-1 wfo-0000668207 morphology 5DE887AE-E6AB-40B4-8559-45D06C2EE0EE Seeds (including wing) ± 9 × 2.5 cm., pale buff, rounded at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578400-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Tree up to 55 m. or more high; bole long, straight, cylindrical; buttresses better developed than in other species, extending up bole for 4–5 m.; bark greyish with pale orange patches, scaling in plates on older trees and leaving shallow depressions behind. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Leaves up to 60 cm. long; leaflets 10–14, opposite or subopposite, oblong-elliptic, up to 18 × 8 cm. (much larger on saplings), apex appearing rounded or retuse, but with a very short abrupt apiculum which is usually twisted and reflexed (sometimes subacute in saplings), base of distal leaflets slightly asymmetric; lateral nerves in 8–12 pairs, venation prominent and reticulate on both surfaces; upper surface dull; lower surface glabrous; petiole scarcely flattened, not winged, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Inflorescence up to 25 × 15 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Calyx 0.15–0.2 cm. long, lobed to ± the middle, sparsely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Petals 0.6–0.7 cm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Staminal tube 0.4 cm. long, cup-shaped, entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Capsule 12–20 × 3–4 cm., cylindric, gradually tapered to the pointed apex; valves similar to those of E. angolense; scars on columella consisting of conspicuous tufts of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Seeds (including wing) 6–8.5 × 2 cm., attached to the ± central, only slightly zigzag, placental line of each face of the columella by a ± centrally placed hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668220 morphology FE343D07-4A90-4810-AC64-C8F1A3358FC5 Fig. 17/1, 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578409-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Tree up to 35 m. tall; bole up to 20 m. long and 1.5 m. in diameter, very slightly buttressed at the base; bark grey-brown, exfoliating in large irregular pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Leaves up to 25 cm. long; leaflets 6–10, opposite or subopposite, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, up to 9.5 × 4 cm., apex suddenly contracted in a short acumen, base of distal leaflets slightly asymmetric; lateral nerves in 8–12 pairs, venation closely reticulate but scarcely prominent; upper surface glossy; lower surface glabrous except for a few minute hairs on midrib; petiolules slender, 1–2 (3.5) cm. long; petiole scarcely flattened, not winged, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Inflorescence up to 15 × 8 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Calyx 0.1 cm. long, lobed to the middle, puberulous, especially on the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Petals 0.5–0.7 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Staminal tube 0.3–0.4 cm. long, cup-shaped, subentire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Capsule similar to that of E. excelsum but more suddenly contracted to the shortly pointed apex, and with smaller, much less conspicuous lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000668218 morphology C6279650-909C-4EBC-B46E-4550C70FA0B9 Fig. 17/3, 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578394-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Tree up to 12 m. tall (up to 18 m. elsewhere) and 2 m. girth; bole straight or (when fire-damaged) crooked and branched from near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Leaves up to 30 cm. long, often in tufts at the ends of the branchlets, reddish brown and densely hairy when young; leaflets 12–18, lanceolate-elliptic, up to 14 × 5 cm., apex obtuse, base obliquely subtruncate or rounded, margin undulate and repand or crenate; lateral nerves prominent in 6–14 pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Inflorescence up to 28 cm. long, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Calyx ± 0.15 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Petals 0.35–0.5 cm. long, with scattered hairs on the median axis outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Staminal tube (including appendages) ± 0.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Capsules 7–14.5 cm. long; valves brown, smooth, with paler lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Seeds (including the wing) 4–6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0000473666 morphology 4E572F5E-3225-4D0D-952A-6BFF358FE40F Fig 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579141-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Evergreen tree occasionally reaching a height of 50 m.; bole fluted or slightly buttressed at the base to a height of 2 m., long and straight, sometimes 30 m. to first branch, slender, up to 2 m. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Leaves up to 30 cm. long, pubescent when young; leaflets usually 10–16, ± oblong-elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, slightly falcate, up to 10 × 4 cm., apex shortly acuminate, base markedly asymmetric; lateral nerves in ± 16 closely spaced pairs; petiole flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Inflorescence an axillary panicle up to 10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Calyx 0.1 cm. long, puberulous especially on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Petals 0.25–0.3 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Staminal tube (including appendages) 0.2–0.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Capsule up to 5.5 × 2 cm.; valves brownish black, with scattered, minute, white lenticels, separating first from the apex and remaining attached for some time before falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0001083761 morphology A40B96C5-1AE9-44C7-B246-38752EE9BC4F Seeds (including wing) up to 4.5 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578916-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Evergreen tree up to 40 m. tall; bole slender, cylindrical; buttresses short, indistinct, rarely more than 2 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Leaves up to 24 cm. long, glabrous; leaflets usually 10–14, ± elliptic, up to 16 × 4 cm., apex shortly acuminate, base cuneate; lateral nerves in ± 20 closely spaced pairs; petiole flattened and slightly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Inflorescence a robust, axillary or terminal panicle up to 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Calyx 0.1 cm. long, glabrous except for a ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Petals 0.4–0.65 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Staminal tube 0.2–0.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Capsule up to 6 × 1.3 cm.; valves black separating first from the base, or from the apex and base simultaneously. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Seeds (including wing) up to 5 × 1 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0000443844 morphology B9A5F237-0109-444F-AB32-002B0702B8E0 Fig. 19, p. 60. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578918-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Badly shapen understorey tree (in E. Africa) up to 25 m. tall, but usually smaller (elsewhere sometimes erect and up to 30 m. or more in height); branches widespreading and arching; bole unbuttressed but often fluted and branched low down. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Leaves up to 1.5 m. long, mostly crowded at the ends of stout branchlets, bright red when young; leaflets 6–18 or more, usually oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, up to 40 × 16 cm., apex rounded and usually ending in an abrupt very short glandular acumen, sometimes more distinctly acuminate (especially juvenile leaves), base narrowly or broadly cuneate, slightly asymmetric; lateral nerves prominent, in ± 10 widely spaced pairs; lower surface glabrous, with a network of impressed veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Inflorescence a pyramidal panicle up to 70 cm. or more long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Calyx lobed, ± 0.2 cm. long, glabrous, except for the ciliolate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Petals up to 0.9 cm. long, glabrous except for marginal cilia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Staminal tube up to 0.8 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Capsules 1–3 per infructescence, subglobose, umbonate or rostrate, 12–15 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Seeds (in E. Africa) usually 10–20 per capsule, ± 3 cm. long, dark brown, shining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0001083560 morphology DFF82AB2-282C-4D5A-9A38-BC2C91FEDB9E Fig. 20, p.62. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Tree 3–15 m. tall; bark rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Ribbon-like pneumatophores absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Leaves up to 16 cm. long, glabrous drying yellowish green; leaflets 2–6, subcoriaceous, ovate or ovate- lanceolate, up to 12 × 6 cm., tapering from near the asymmetric obtuse or subtruncate base to the subacuminate apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Inflorescence 5–15 cm. long, when well developed a lax raceme of lax cymes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Calyx ± 0.2 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Petals up to 0.7 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Staminal tube up to 0.55 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Fruit up to 8 cm. in diameter, otherwise similar to X. granatum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Seeds 3.5–7.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000428174 morphology 831AB3C8-7962-470D-8D32-07B0980F2595 Fig 21/6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:579974-1 wfo-0000550491 morphology 94FFC9D2-7BA7-4B1C-B537-EE4D14B9083B Tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850389-1 wfo-0000550491 morphology 94FFC9D2-7BA7-4B1C-B537-EE4D14B9083B Lamina ± 10–20 × 6–10 cm., entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850389-1 wfo-0000550491 morphology 94FFC9D2-7BA7-4B1C-B537-EE4D14B9083B Inflorescences on the main branches and the trunk. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850389-1 wfo-0000550425 distribution E9578348-7BC9-460C-AD3E-DF4ACC8810DF Native of tropical Asia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582598-1 wfo-0000550425 morphology E9578348-7BC9-460C-AD3E-DF4ACC8810DF Tree. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582598-1 wfo-0000550425 morphology E9578348-7BC9-460C-AD3E-DF4ACC8810DF Lamina mostly ± 30–50 × 15–20 cm., pinnately incised. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582598-1 wfo-0000550425 morphology E9578348-7BC9-460C-AD3E-DF4ACC8810DF Inflorescences in the leaf-axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582598-1 wfo-0000447924 morphology D808174A-EA52-4D16-B426-F4141BDB7788 Tree up to 35 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584367-1 wfo-0000447924 morphology D808174A-EA52-4D16-B426-F4141BDB7788 Lamina chartaceous to subcoriaceous, elliptic to oblong, ovate or obovate, 3–13 × 2–8 cm., apex acuminate to subacute, base cordate to obtuse, margin crenate to serrate; upper surface pubescent on the main veins, lower surface pubescent in the axils of lateral veins; lateral veins 4–7 pairs, the basal pair strong, the others much weaker, departing from the upper part of the midrib, tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 0.5–2 cm. long; stipules ± 0.5 cm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584367-1 wfo-0000447924 morphology D808174A-EA52-4D16-B426-F4141BDB7788 Staminate inflorescences: spike 1–2.5 cm. long, ± 0.8 cm. diameter; peduncle 0.3–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584367-1 wfo-0000447924 morphology D808174A-EA52-4D16-B426-F4141BDB7788 Pistillate inflorescences ± 0.5(–1 in fruit) cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.4–2 cm. long; stigmas 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584367-1 wfo-0000447924 morphology D808174A-EA52-4D16-B426-F4141BDB7788 Fruit ellipsoid to subglobose, ± compressed, 5 × 3–5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584367-1 wfo-0000447924 morphology D808174A-EA52-4D16-B426-F4141BDB7788 Fig. 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584367-1 wfo-0000447908 morphology A4A10346-25B5-448F-932F-D3C60EF87E11 Tree up to 30(–50) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910900-1 wfo-0000447908 morphology A4A10346-25B5-448F-932F-D3C60EF87E11 Lamina coriaceous, when juvenile chartaceous, elliptic to oblong, 6–20(–33) × 3.5–10(–1 2) cm., apex acuminate, base cordate to obtuse, margin subentire to repand, when juvenile serrate- to crenate-dentate, upper surface glabrous or puberulous to pubescent on the main nerves, when juvenile often scabridulous, lower surface densely puberulous on the vein-reticulum, pubescent, puberulous or almost glabrous on the main veins, when juvenile the whole surface hirtellous to tomentose; lateral veins 10–22 pairs, tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 1–5 cm. long; stipules 0.5–5 cm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910900-1 wfo-0000447908 morphology A4A10346-25B5-448F-932F-D3C60EF87E11 Staminate inflorescences: spike 8–20 cm. long, ± 0.5 cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.5–2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910900-1 wfo-0000447908 morphology A4A10346-25B5-448F-932F-D3C60EF87E11 Pistillate inflorescences: spike 2–3(–5 in fruit) cm. long, 0.5(–1.5 in fruit) cm. in diameter; stigmas up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910900-1 wfo-0000447908 morphology A4A10346-25B5-448F-932F-D3C60EF87E11 Fruit ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910900-1 wfo-0000447908 morphology A4A10346-25B5-448F-932F-D3C60EF87E11 Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910900-1 wfo-0001084779 morphology E77135D1-553C-48A2-B4F1-B7C2551484EA Shrub or treelet up to 7 m. tall or a climber, with long weak branches and up to 10 cm. long branchlets ending in a spine. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584313-1 wfo-0001084779 morphology E77135D1-553C-48A2-B4F1-B7C2551484EA Lamina subcoriaceous, elliptic to lanceolate, rarely obovate or subcircular, 1.5–9 × 1–4.5 cm., apex obtuse to subacute to shortly acuminate or emarginate, base acute to obtuse, margin entire; upper surface glabrous or almost so, lower surface sparsely puberulous; lateral veins 4–12 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 0.3–3 cm. long; stipules up to 0.2 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584313-1 wfo-0001084779 morphology E77135D1-553C-48A2-B4F1-B7C2551484EA Staminate inflorescences ± 0.5–1.5 cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.5–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584313-1 wfo-0001084779 morphology E77135D1-553C-48A2-B4F1-B7C2551484EA Pistillate inflorescence 0.5–0.8(–1.8 in fruit) cm. in diameter; peduncle 0.1–0.5 cm. long; stigmas up to 13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584313-1 wfo-0001084779 morphology E77135D1-553C-48A2-B4F1-B7C2551484EA Fruit ovoid, 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584313-1 wfo-0001084779 morphology E77135D1-553C-48A2-B4F1-B7C2551484EA Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584313-1 wfo-0001084942 morphology 70329F04-6751-4E8D-BF9A-EE1969AD41D8 Shrubs or trees up to 15 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854545-1 wfo-0001084942 morphology 70329F04-6751-4E8D-BF9A-EE1969AD41D8 Lamina subcoriaceous to coriaceous, oblong to subobovate, sometimes elliptic or lanceolate, 5–26 × 1.5–9.5 cm., apex acuminate, base acute to obtuse, margin entire or faintly crenate-dentate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely puberulous, glabrescent; lateral veins 9–14 pairs, tertiary venation mostly reticulate; petiole 0.3–1(–1.5) cm. long; stipules 0.3–1.1 cm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854545-1 wfo-0001084942 morphology 70329F04-6751-4E8D-BF9A-EE1969AD41D8 Staminate inflorescences 2–4 mm. in diameter; peduncle 2–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854545-1 wfo-0001084942 morphology 70329F04-6751-4E8D-BF9A-EE1969AD41D8 Pistillate inflorescences 1–2 mm. in diameter; involucral bracts ± 12–16; stigmas 2.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854545-1 wfo-0001084942 morphology 70329F04-6751-4E8D-BF9A-EE1969AD41D8 Infructescences 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854545-1 wfo-0001084942 morphology 70329F04-6751-4E8D-BF9A-EE1969AD41D8 Fig. 8, p. 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854545-1 wfo-0000569610 morphology 0693E813-60A7-4943-961F-F065C20F0095 Shrub to 6 m. or tree up to 35 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850817-1 wfo-0000005385 morphology 2033CA40-1945-4B92-A11F-744CE63E2140 Corolla yellow, the marginal florets neuter; inner florets 8–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:190991-1 wfo-0000005385 morphology 2033CA40-1945-4B92-A11F-744CE63E2140 Achenes pale brown, 2.5–3 mm long, glabrous or puberulous; pappus of unequal setae, the inner to 3 mm long, the outer narrow and scale-like, 0.5–1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:190991-1 wfo-0000119365 morphology C7114F1A-BED7-4520-A994-0677AD2B8B4A Cultivated as a root vegetable: glabrous plants with truncate achenes, with feathery pappus. Cultivated in Nairobi in 1955 ( Robinson H141/55!) and a garden escape in the W Usambaras, Kitango, Jan. 1941 ( Greenway 6098!) urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:243208-1 wfo-0000121598 use 9B028938-A29E-40A7-AA5B-FB0479B0CE7F Cultivated as a leaf vegetable urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194527-1 wfo-0000121598 morphology 9B028938-A29E-40A7-AA5B-FB0479B0CE7F Leaves with spinulose-dentate margins urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194527-1 wfo-0000121598 morphology 9B028938-A29E-40A7-AA5B-FB0479B0CE7F Stalks of individual capitula widened just below the capitulum urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194527-1 wfo-0000121598 morphology 9B028938-A29E-40A7-AA5B-FB0479B0CE7F Pappus of a small rim of scales to 2 mm long urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194527-1 wfo-0000121598 morphology 9B028938-A29E-40A7-AA5B-FB0479B0CE7F Collected in Nairobi in 1902 ( Whyte !), at Simba R. in Tanzania’s Masai/Mbulu District in 1902 ( Kassner 639!) and on Kilimanjaro at Marangu in 1893 ( Volkens 1439!) urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194527-1 wfo-0000080671 morphology 663B7B4D-44DD-4EF5-9903-9527520B49DF Might be encountered but has so far never been collected in our area. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194533-1 wfo-0000080671 use 663B7B4D-44DD-4EF5-9903-9527520B49DF It is cultivated elsewhere to provide root extract, used as a coffee additive. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194533-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Perennial scapose herb; taproot fleshy, stout; root-crown lanate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Scapes 20–80 cm tall, solitary or several, branching only distally, slender, ribbed, sparsely pilose proximally but otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Leaves 2–8, in a rosette, lanceolate to obovate, 1–17 cm long, 0.5–3 cm wide, base cuneate to long-attenuate and resembling a petiole, margins remotely denticulate, apex rounded or acute, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, sometimes the veins red; rarely with few very narrow cauline leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Capitula several to many in lax panicles, on long slender stalks; involucre obconic-campanulate with bracteoles extending down the stalk; phyllaries dark green, linear to lanceolate, 6–10 mm long, attenuate, pubescent to tomentose, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Florets many; corolla (lemon) yellow drying greenish, tube cylindric, 2.5–5 mm long, pilose, ligule erect, 3–6 mm long, the outer florets longer and more deeply lobed than the inner, pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Achenes 2–3.5 mm long, 4–5-angled, finely ribbed; pappus of barbellate setae 3.5–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000123395 morphology 9203CDC7-D5D5-478E-98D7-87B39FB13295 Fig. 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:255792-1 wfo-0000084076 morphology B3D5EB9E-F93F-476E-876E-843CC15CF519 Perennial herb 30–50 cm high, with most leaves in a rosette; flowering stem(s) one or several, erect or weak, sometimes rather woody, (sparsely) branched distally, ± hollow, with milky latex, striate, glabrous to (sparsely) glandular-setose, near the capitulum with some minute white pubescence, with white latex; root large, semi-woody, with latex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199956-1 wfo-0000084076 morphology B3D5EB9E-F93F-476E-876E-843CC15CF519 Leaves appressed to the ground or erect, dull to bright green, sessile, narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, 5–14 cm long, 0.7–2.5 cm wide, base attenuate, margins dentate to coarsely recurved-dentate, less often denticulate or pinnately lobed, apex acute or rounded and mucronate, glabrous or sparsely glandular-setose beneath, sometimes the indument restricted to midrib and veins, occasionally densely setose when young; cauline leaves absent or smaller than radical ones; midrib pallid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199956-1 wfo-0000084076 morphology B3D5EB9E-F93F-476E-876E-843CC15CF519 Capitula erect, solitary or few together in lax corymbs; stalks of individual capitula sparsely pilose or glandular-setose, distally also short-pubescent; involucre 10–15 mm long; phyllaries pale to dark green, lanceolate, 4–12 mm, obtuse or acute, with scattered to dense dark or pale setae and usually short-pubescent at least proximally, sometimes glandular, usually only on the midrib, distally glabrous or setose, the inner phyllaries with pale scarious margins and often keeled and spongy near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199956-1 wfo-0000084076 morphology B3D5EB9E-F93F-476E-876E-843CC15CF519 Corolla yellow to orange-yellow, tube cylindric, 6.5–8 mm long, (sparsely) pilose, ligule 7–9 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide (shortest in the inner florets). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199956-1 wfo-0000084076 morphology B3D5EB9E-F93F-476E-876E-843CC15CF519 Achenes brown to orange-red, cylindrical becoming fusiform, (2–3 mm at anthesis) 7–10 mm long, distinctly beaked, beak 1.5–4 mm long, finely ribbed, the ribs antrorsely muricate; pappus 4.5–9 mm long, barbellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199956-1 wfo-0000084076 morphology B3D5EB9E-F93F-476E-876E-843CC15CF519 Fig. 17/4–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199956-1 wfo-0000043584 morphology 998914C6-C168-4A74-A3BC-5025A71AD49D Perennial herb 0.1–1.2 m high, with most leaves in a rosette; flowering stem(s) usually 1, erect or weak, sometimes rather woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200098-1 wfo-0000043584 morphology 998914C6-C168-4A74-A3BC-5025A71AD49D Leaves appressed to the ground or erect, dull to bright green, sessile, narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, 4–18(–38) cm long, 1–4(–7.5) cm wide, base attenuate, margins dentate to coarsely recurved-dentate, less often denticulate or pinnately lobed, apex acute or rounded and mucronate, glabrous or sparsely glandular-setose beneath, sometimes the indument restricted to midrib and veins, occasionally densely setose when young; cauline leaves absent or smaller than radical ones; midrib pallid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200098-1 wfo-0000043584 morphology 998914C6-C168-4A74-A3BC-5025A71AD49D Capitula erect, 2–15(–54) in lax corymbs; stalks of individual capitula sparsely pilose or glandular-setose, distally also short-pubescent; involucre 7.5–17 mm long; phyllaries pale to dark green, lanceolate, 2.5–17 mm, obtuse or acute, with scattered to dense dark or pale setae and usually short-pubescent at least proximally, sometimes glandular, usually restricted to the midrib, distally glabrous or setose, the inner phyllaries with pale scarious margins and often keeled and spongy near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200098-1 wfo-0000043584 morphology 998914C6-C168-4A74-A3BC-5025A71AD49D Corolla bright yellow, the ligules rarely reddish beneath, tube cylindric, 3.5–6 mm long, (sparsely) pilose, ligule 6–14.5 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200098-1 wfo-0000043584 morphology 998914C6-C168-4A74-A3BC-5025A71AD49D Achenes brown to orange-red, cylindrical becoming fusiform, (2–3 mm at anthesis) 6–10 mm long, distally tapered but not beaked, rarely slightly beaked, finely ribbed, the ribs antrorsely muricate; pappus 4.5–9 mm long, barbellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200098-1 wfo-0000043584 morphology 998914C6-C168-4A74-A3BC-5025A71AD49D Fig. 17/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200098-1 wfo-0000087188 morphology 7A441F5E-4289-4204-B174-B0242F126944 Perennial herb with most leaves in a rosette; flowering stems several, often reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200222-1 wfo-0000087188 morphology 7A441F5E-4289-4204-B174-B0242F126944 Leaves appressed to the ground or erect, dull to bright green, sessile, narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, radical leaves 5–25(–38) cm long, 0.5–4.5 cm wide, base attenuate, margins dentate to coarsely recurved-dentate, less often denticulate or pinnately lobed, apex acute or rounded and mucronate, glabrous or sparsely glandular-setose beneath, sometimes the indument restricted to midrib and veins, occasionally densely setose when young; cauline leaves absent or smaller than radical ones; midrib pallid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200222-1 wfo-0000087188 morphology 7A441F5E-4289-4204-B174-B0242F126944 Capitula several per stem in lax corymbs; stalks of individual capitula sparsely pilose or glandular-setose, distally also short-pubescent; involucre 6–11 mm long; phyllaries pale to dark green, lanceolate, 2–10.5 mm, obtuse or acute, with scattered to dense dark or pale setae and usually short-pubescent at least proximally, sometimes glandular, usually restricted to the midrib, distally glabrous or setose, the innermost with narrow dark middle part and broad pale scarious margins wider than the middle part and often keeled and spongy near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200222-1 wfo-0000087188 morphology 7A441F5E-4289-4204-B174-B0242F126944 Corolla yellow, the ligules reddish or purplish beneath, tube cylindric, 2–5 mm long, (sparsely) pilose, ligule 5–9.5 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200222-1 wfo-0000087188 morphology 7A441F5E-4289-4204-B174-B0242F126944 Achenes brown to orange-red, cylindrical becoming fusiform, (2–3 mm at anthesis) 5–7.5 mm long, slightly tapered distally, finely ribbed, the ribs antrorsely muricate; pappus 4.5–6 mm long, barbellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200222-1 wfo-0000109447 morphology 1C4ADFA7-AF9B-4871-A629-538589090DD0 Perennial herb with a rosette of radical leaves and one or more erect unbranched or less often once-branched flowering stem(s) 2–30(–38) cm high, bearing few short linear cauline leaves; stem ribbed, hollow, with white latex, glabrous or with sparse dark glandular setae on the ribs, distally (rarely all over) with some short white pubescence; root thick, sometimes divided. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199754-1 wfo-0000109447 morphology 1C4ADFA7-AF9B-4871-A629-538589090DD0 Leaves: radical leaves appressed to the ground, oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, 2–10(–15) cm long, 0.3–2.5 cm wide, base attenuate, margins subentire to recurved-dentate to pinnately lobed, apex rounded and mucronate, glabrous or with sparse hairs on midrib and veins; cauline leaves few or sometimes absent, linear, 1–3 cm long, 1–2 mm wide (larger and more like basal leaves at branching point in 2-headed plants), the most proximal sometimes with a few teeth, attenuate, glabrous or with sparse dark setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199754-1 wfo-0000109447 morphology 1C4ADFA7-AF9B-4871-A629-538589090DD0 Capitula solitary, less often in pairs; involucre 7–14 mm long; phyllaries lanceolate, the outer 3–4 mm long, the inner 7–14 mm long, acute, proximally with short white pubescence, along the midrib subglabrous or with sparse to dense black glandular setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199754-1 wfo-0000109447 morphology 1C4ADFA7-AF9B-4871-A629-538589090DD0 Corolla (lemon) yellow (once described as white), tube cylindric to slightly widened distally, 3–4 mm long, glabrous, ligule 4.5–8 mm long, 1.2–1.5 mm wide; central florets open later, and buds have been called tubular florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199754-1 wfo-0000109447 morphology 1C4ADFA7-AF9B-4871-A629-538589090DD0 Achenes fusiform, 5–6.5 mm long, slightly tapered distally, the ribs with antrorse hairs; pappus 4.5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199754-1 wfo-0000004762 morphology 83BB7D9F-1198-4633-9EED-27D5BD4250A1 Annual or short-lived perennial, 10–50 cm high, with a rosette and several flowering stems bearing some cauline leaves; stems erect, branching divaricately, hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199861-1 wfo-0000004762 morphology 83BB7D9F-1198-4633-9EED-27D5BD4250A1 Leaves of the rosette petiolate, oblanceolate, 2–4 cm long, 0.7–1 cm wide, margins denticulate to pinnately lobed; cauline leaves similar but sessile, the base auriculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199861-1 wfo-0000004762 morphology 83BB7D9F-1198-4633-9EED-27D5BD4250A1 Capitula few to many; phyllaries lanceolate, becoming strongly keeled, spongy at base, setose beneath, puberulous above; receptacle paleate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199861-1 wfo-0000004762 morphology 83BB7D9F-1198-4633-9EED-27D5BD4250A1 Corolla yellow, the ligules usually reddish purple beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199861-1 wfo-0000004762 morphology 83BB7D9F-1198-4633-9EED-27D5BD4250A1 Achenes fusiform, beaked, 7–9(–12) mm long; pappus 4–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:199861-1 wfo-0000005915 morphology 5D85851A-C90B-4710-BE50-D9C211E141C1 Annual herb, with a rosette of leaves and flowering stems 12–80 cm high; taproot fleshy, with white latex; flowering stems one to several, not or copiously branched, ribbed, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225504-1 wfo-0000005915 morphology 5D85851A-C90B-4710-BE50-D9C211E141C1 Leaves oblanceolate in outline, 2–14 cm long, 0.5–2 cm wide, base attenuate but amplexicaul near the stem, margins coarsely dentate to pinnatilobed, apex obtuse, glabrous or with scattered setae, mainly on midrib and margins, but occasionally over the whole surface; cauline leaves absent; inflorescence bracts linear, to 1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225504-1 wfo-0000005915 morphology 5D85851A-C90B-4710-BE50-D9C211E141C1 Capitula solitary or in lax cymes, erect, on long bracteate stalks; involucre 13–17 mm long; phyllaries green with reddish or purplish margins, 2–17 mm long, obtuse or acute, glabrous or minutely ciliate distally, unequal, the outermost smallest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225504-1 wfo-0000005915 morphology 5D85851A-C90B-4710-BE50-D9C211E141C1 Corolla yellow, tube cylindric, ± 3 mm long, ligule 2.5–2.8 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225504-1 wfo-0000005915 morphology 5D85851A-C90B-4710-BE50-D9C211E141C1 Achenes dimorphic: those of outer florets obconic, 2.7–3.2 mm long, truncate; those of inner florets fusiform, 6.5–9.5 mm long, the distal part attenuate and beaked; both types ribbed with antrorse spinules; pappus of plumose setae 7.5–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225504-1 wfo-0000005915 morphology 5D85851A-C90B-4710-BE50-D9C211E141C1 Fig. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225504-1 wfo-0000128816 vernacular 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F Lettuce urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000128816 morphology 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F Is widely cultivated as a leaf vegetable, though I have seen no herbarium specimens from our area. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000128816 morphology 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F Lettuce is annual or biennial urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000128816 morphology 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F Rosette of sessile, amplexicaul leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000128816 morphology 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F The yellow florets are held in few-flowered capitula, in large paniculate inflorescences urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000128816 morphology 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F The involucre is 9–12 mm long urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000128816 morphology 24797EB0-AC04-4C81-B0D2-B63EA5AFF68F The pappus 3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228239-1 wfo-0000006669 morphology 129C85D5-4BCB-4A3A-8B2D-F6DDE578474E Does not occur in our area, contrary to distribution data in F.W.T.A urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228247-1 wfo-0000017262 morphology 89876E5E-8949-480F-94A8-06693E598B17 Perennial herb; root woody, to 3 cm in diameter, with densely long-hairy root-crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228084-1 wfo-0000017262 morphology 89876E5E-8949-480F-94A8-06693E598B17 Leaves usually absent at flowering stage, developing afterwards, in a rosette, lanceolate to broadly obovate, 2–9 cm long, 2–6.5 cm wide (lobed and to 29x8 cm in quercifolia form), base attenuate, margins with distant dark teeth, apex obtuse and mucronate, sparsely pilose, denser on the veins, the midrib densely hairy beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228084-1 wfo-0000017262 morphology 89876E5E-8949-480F-94A8-06693E598B17 Capitula (1–)4–24 in compact, dense, subsessile corymbs; inflorescence axes to 2 cm long, glabrous, with narrowly triangular bracts to 5 mm long; capitula with 10–14 florets; involucre 11–18 mm long; phyllaries grey-green marked with red, ovate or lanceolate, 4–15 mm long, acute or rounded, distally pilose and ciliate or sometimes glabrous with only the very apex densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228084-1 wfo-0000017262 morphology 89876E5E-8949-480F-94A8-06693E598B17 Corolla bright yellow, tube cylindric, 8.5–9.5 mm long, ligule 8–10 mm long, ± 1.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228084-1 wfo-0000017262 morphology 89876E5E-8949-480F-94A8-06693E598B17 Achenes 6.5–9 mm long including beak, ribbed, with a beak of 1–3 mm long; pappus white, 8–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228084-1 wfo-0000017262 morphology 89876E5E-8949-480F-94A8-06693E598B17 Fig. 20/1 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228084-1 wfo-0000088482 morphology 9F2DE7CC-2228-4502-B91B-4393C6E4DC4A Perennial herb, scapose, with solitary or twin flowering stem(s) 20–75 cm high; roots somewhat woody; root-crown with old laciniate leaf bases, otherwise glabrous; stem sparsely to densely setose on the ribs, the setae purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227913-1 wfo-0000088482 morphology 9F2DE7CC-2228-4502-B91B-4393C6E4DC4A Leaves in a rosette, sessile, broadly elliptic, 5.5–22.5 cm long, 2–12 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins sinuate-dentate, apex obtuse or retuse with a mucro, pale green and glabrous above, with purple veins and sparsely setose beneath; cauline leaves absent or 1–2, similar to the rosette ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227913-1 wfo-0000088482 morphology 9F2DE7CC-2228-4502-B91B-4393C6E4DC4A Capitula many, in narrow panicles; involucre cylindrical, 8–12 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, green, ovate to lanceolate, 2–12 mm long, glabrous or the very apex minutely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227913-1 wfo-0000088482 morphology 9F2DE7CC-2228-4502-B91B-4393C6E4DC4A Corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 2.5–3.5 mm long, ligule 7–12 mm long, 2.5–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227913-1 wfo-0000088482 morphology 9F2DE7CC-2228-4502-B91B-4393C6E4DC4A Achenes fusiform, 4.2–5.8 mm long, 3-ribbed on each side, sparsely puberulous, not or hardly beaked; pappus 4–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227913-1 wfo-0000088482 morphology 9F2DE7CC-2228-4502-B91B-4393C6E4DC4A Fig. 20/2 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227913-1 wfo-0000015770 morphology B5426DE1-8EBA-4FB1-8098-834CDD5BD9CA Perennial herb, scapose; stem(s) annual, 1–3, erect, 0.7–1.5 m high, bearing both leaves and capitula, sparsely to densely glandular-setose; roots tuberous, like a carrot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228258-1 wfo-0000015770 morphology B5426DE1-8EBA-4FB1-8098-834CDD5BD9CA Leaves 4–9, of which 1–3 radical, sessile, elliptic or lanceolate, 3.5–16 cm long, 0.7–6.5 cm wide, base attenuate in radical leaves to subamplexicaul in cauline leaves, margins sinuate-dentate, apex acute or obtuse and mucronate, glabrous or beneath sparsely setose on the veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228258-1 wfo-0000015770 morphology B5426DE1-8EBA-4FB1-8098-834CDD5BD9CA Capitula many, in lax panicles; stalks of individual capitula absent or up to 2 cm long; involucre cylindric, 7–12 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, 2.5–12 mm long, glabrous or nearly so, the very apex minutely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228258-1 wfo-0000015770 morphology B5426DE1-8EBA-4FB1-8098-834CDD5BD9CA Florets ± 5 per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 4–4.5 mm long, ligule 7–9 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228258-1 wfo-0000015770 morphology B5426DE1-8EBA-4FB1-8098-834CDD5BD9CA Achenes fusiform, 4.5–6 mm long, 3-ribbed on each side, minutely pilose, hardly beaked; pappus white, 4–6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228258-1 wfo-0000015770 morphology B5426DE1-8EBA-4FB1-8098-834CDD5BD9CA Fig. 20/3 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228258-1 wfo-0000133091 morphology DF8F6F8D-AC11-4118-A5F4-407B39A5336F Perennial herb, the (? annual) stem 0.7–1.5 m high, bearing both leaves and capitula, sparsely setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228328-1 wfo-0000133091 morphology DF8F6F8D-AC11-4118-A5F4-407B39A5336F Leaves 8–9, sessile, elliptic to lanceolate in outline, pinnatilobed, 6.5–30 cm long, 1.5–7 cm wide, base narrowed (in radical leaves) to half-amplexicaul, the lobes obtuse, their margins minutely sinuate-dentate, apex apiculate, setose on the midrib and veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228328-1 wfo-0000133091 morphology DF8F6F8D-AC11-4118-A5F4-407B39A5336F Capitula many, in lax panicles; involucre cylindrical, 9–14 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, ovate to lanceolate, 2.5–14 mm long, glabrous except for the very apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228328-1 wfo-0000133091 morphology DF8F6F8D-AC11-4118-A5F4-407B39A5336F Florets 9–12 per capitulum; corolla bluish white (not seen). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228328-1 wfo-0000133091 morphology DF8F6F8D-AC11-4118-A5F4-407B39A5336F Achenes reddish brown, narrowly ellipsoid, 6.7–7.3 mm long (including beak), 3-ribbed on each side, beak ± 2 mm long, glabrous or nearly so; pappus white, 5–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228328-1 wfo-0000062205 morphology 269E5891-9E0A-414A-ABE3-658CE8DF512E Perennial herb, the stem 40–80 cm high, bearing both leaves and capitula, glabrous, green with a few purple streaks; root tuberous, like a carrot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228271-1 wfo-0000062205 morphology 269E5891-9E0A-414A-ABE3-658CE8DF512E Basal leaves unknown, cauline leaves 2–4, sometimes absent, sessile, lanceolate, (3–)5–10 cm long, (0.5–)1–2.2 cm wide, half-amplexicaul, margins sinuate-denticulate, apex acute or acuminate, glabrous; midrib sometimes purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228271-1 wfo-0000062205 morphology 269E5891-9E0A-414A-ABE3-658CE8DF512E Capitula ± 20, in lax panicles; involucre cylindric, 11–15 mm long; phyllaries green with purple marks, ovate to lanceolate, 2–12 mm long, glabrous but for the very apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228271-1 wfo-0000062205 morphology 269E5891-9E0A-414A-ABE3-658CE8DF512E Corolla white, the ligules tinged mauve beneath, tube cylindrical, ± 3 mm long, ligule 10–11 mm long, 3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228271-1 wfo-0000062205 morphology 269E5891-9E0A-414A-ABE3-658CE8DF512E Achenes flattened, ellipsoid, 3-ribbed on each side, 6.5–7 mm long, hardly beaked, minutely puberulous; pappus white, 7–9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228271-1 wfo-0000089410 morphology 4124A258-DB35-417E-A594-469D20901444 Perennial herb with erect stems 1.4–2.4 m high; taproot fleshy or semi-woody; stems solitary or in pairs, often purplish proximally, ribbed, sparsely glandular-setose with purple setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228248-1 wfo-0000089410 morphology 4124A258-DB35-417E-A594-469D20901444 Leaves all cauline, lanceolate, 4–24 cm long, 1–4.5 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded or semi-amplexicaul, margins sinuate-dentate, apex acute, sparsely setose to subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228248-1 wfo-0000089410 morphology 4124A258-DB35-417E-A594-469D20901444 Capitula many, in lax panicle to 40 cm long; involucre cylindric to narrowly campanulate, 6–10.5 mm long; phyllaries often purplish, ovate to lanceolate, 3–10 mm long, glabrous except for the ciliate margins in the outermost and the ciliate-lobed apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228248-1 wfo-0000089410 morphology 4124A258-DB35-417E-A594-469D20901444 Florets ± 5 per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 2–2.5 mm long, ligule erect, 4–5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228248-1 wfo-0000089410 morphology 4124A258-DB35-417E-A594-469D20901444 Achenes orange to dark brown, flattened ellipsoid, 4–4.5 mm long, not or hardly beaked, 1(–2)-ribbed on each side, minutely puberulous; pappus white, 3–5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228248-1 wfo-0000089410 morphology 4124A258-DB35-417E-A594-469D20901444 Fig. 20/4 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228248-1 wfo-0000003652 morphology B5AED0AD-8192-4AAF-A925-446E11C5E939 Perennial herb 0.3–1.3 m high; stem solitary, erect, unbranched, glandular-setose but glabrescent, the setae to 3 mm long; taproot woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228097-1 wfo-0000003652 morphology B5AED0AD-8192-4AAF-A925-446E11C5E939 Leaves cauline, elliptic (proximal leaves) to linear (distal leaves), 3–26 cm long, 0.2–5 cm wide, base attenuate into a winged petiole in proximal leaves, sessile and semi-amplexicaul in distal leaves, margins sinuate-dentate and irregularly denticulate, apex obtuse and mucronate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228097-1 wfo-0000003652 morphology B5AED0AD-8192-4AAF-A925-446E11C5E939 Capitula in clusters of 2–6, these in turn arranged in lax leafy spiciform racemes up to 50 cm long, rarely in branched racemes; involucre 8–10 mm long, lengthening to 14 mm in fruit; phyllaries often purplish, lanceolate, 4–13 mm long, distally ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228097-1 wfo-0000003652 morphology B5AED0AD-8192-4AAF-A925-446E11C5E939 Florets ± 5 per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 4.5–6 mm long, ligule 4.5–6.5 mm long, papillose distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228097-1 wfo-0000003652 morphology B5AED0AD-8192-4AAF-A925-446E11C5E939 Achenes dark brown to black, ellipsoid, flattened, 5–6 mm long including 0.5–1 mm long beak, 1-ribbed on each side; pappus white, 5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228097-1 wfo-0000003652 morphology B5AED0AD-8192-4AAF-A925-446E11C5E939 Fig. 20/5 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228097-1 wfo-0000019988 morphology 11B0DEA8-B361-44F6-A115-32487E5F6A6C Perennial herb, subscapose; root with creamy latex, root-crown with old leaf-bases, sometimes long-woolly; flowering stem(s) 1–several, erect, brown or purplish, 6–55 cm high, laxly branched or strongly contracted, glabrous or sparsely setose; proximal bracts sessile, narrowly triangular, to 4 cm long and 6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228182-1 wfo-0000019988 morphology 11B0DEA8-B361-44F6-A115-32487E5F6A6C Leaves appearing after flowering, poorly known, in a rosette, lanceolate or ovate, 3–9 cm long, 1–4 cm wide, base cuneate, margins dentate and ciliate, apex acute, the purple midrib sparsely glandular-setose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228182-1 wfo-0000019988 morphology 11B0DEA8-B361-44F6-A115-32487E5F6A6C Capitula precocious, many, in lax or contracted panicles 6–30 cm long; involucre cylindric or narrowly conical, 7–15 mm long; phyllaries brown or reddish green, ovate to lanceolate, 3–16 mm long, obtuse, glabrous except for a little hair-tuft at the very apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228182-1 wfo-0000019988 morphology 11B0DEA8-B361-44F6-A115-32487E5F6A6C Florets 5–9 per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 2–3.5 mm long, pilose near the throat, ligules 10–14 mm long, 2.5–4.5 mm wide, distally papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:65999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228182-1 wfo-0000019988 morphology 11B0DEA8-B361-44F6-A115-32487E5F6A6C Achenes red-brown to dark brown, flattened ellipsoid, 6.5–9 mm long including a 1.5–3.5 mm long paler beak, 3-ribbed on each side, minutely puberulous; pappus white, 4–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228182-1 wfo-0000019988 morphology 11B0DEA8-B361-44F6-A115-32487E5F6A6C Fig. 20/6 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228182-1 wfo-0000082997 morphology F5396F06-6209-4F79-BCEA-B49BEBC26B6F Perennial herb to 1(–2) m high; taproot semi-woody, over 2.5 cm in diameter, root-crown with old leaf-bases, lanate in the axils; stem usually solitary, pale glaucous green, sometimes purplish, bearing both leaves and capitula, glabrous or sparsely setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228045-1 wfo-0000082997 morphology F5396F06-6209-4F79-BCEA-B49BEBC26B6F Leaves ascending, pale glaucous green, sometimes with red-purple margin, sessile, membranous, mostly pinnatipartite, 5–35 cm long, base attenuate towards the amplexicaul part, rachis linear or narrowly lanceolate with 2–4 alternate lobes to 5 cm long and 0.3–0.6 cm wide, margins remotely denticulate, apices acute, glabrous or setose on the midrib beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228045-1 wfo-0000082997 morphology F5396F06-6209-4F79-BCEA-B49BEBC26B6F Capitula many, in lax panicles to 50 cm long; involucre conical-cylindric, lengthening to campanulate after flowering, 15–30 mm long; phyllaries glaucous green with reddish tinge, ovate to lanceolate, 2–28 mm long, acute, papillose, with little hair-tufts at the apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228045-1 wfo-0000082997 morphology F5396F06-6209-4F79-BCEA-B49BEBC26B6F Florets ± 20; corolla pale yellow, tube cylindric, 8–10 mm long, pilose near the mouth, ligules 8–11 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228045-1 wfo-0000082997 morphology F5396F06-6209-4F79-BCEA-B49BEBC26B6F Achenes reddish brown, flattened ellipsoid, 8.5–10 mm including the 1.5–2 mm long beak, 1-ribbed on each side, minutely puberulous; pappus white, 9–13 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228045-1 wfo-0000082997 morphology F5396F06-6209-4F79-BCEA-B49BEBC26B6F Fig. 20/7 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228045-1 wfo-0000123946 morphology BF287F57-8D8A-4C09-949E-9EFE6921D598 Perennial herb 5–150(–240) cm high, erect (said to be scrambling in Bidgood et al. 3870), with a long thick taproot and with milky latex; stems solitary or few, branching distally, glaucous, sometimes with reddish tinge, glabrous or setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228048-1 wfo-0000123946 morphology BF287F57-8D8A-4C09-949E-9EFE6921D598 Leaves scattered or crowded on the lower stem, sometimes almost absent at flowering time, glaucous green, membranous, sessile, narrowly lanceolate, 5–20 cm long, 0.3–1.6 cm wide (up to 7 cm wide including lobes), base semi-amplexicaul in basal leaves, sagittate in cauline ones, margins entire or remotely denticulate and sometimes with a few lateral lobes to 3 cm long, apex acute or mucronate, glabrous or sparsely setose beneath on midrib and main veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228048-1 wfo-0000123946 morphology BF287F57-8D8A-4C09-949E-9EFE6921D598 Capitula few (3–4) to over a hundred in a leafy panicle, the branching of the inflorescence congested to lax, the bracts sagittate; involucre cylindric, 8–12 mm long, lengthening to 18 mm and flask-shaped with swollen base after anthesis; phyllaries lanceolate, green with reddish to purple markings and tips, 2–17 mm long, acute, the very apex with a little hair-tuft. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228048-1 wfo-0000123946 morphology BF287F57-8D8A-4C09-949E-9EFE6921D598 Florets 2–14 per capitulum; corolla blue or mauve, less often pink, yellow or white, tube cylindric, 4–6 mm long, densely pilose distally, ligule 6–11 mm long, 1–2.6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228048-1 wfo-0000123946 morphology BF287F57-8D8A-4C09-949E-9EFE6921D598 Achenes dark brown to black, ellipsoid, 4.5–8.5 mm long including a beak of 1.5–2.5 mm long, 1-ribbed on each face, glabrous or hispidulous; pappus in several series, white, 5–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228048-1 wfo-0000123946 morphology BF287F57-8D8A-4C09-949E-9EFE6921D598 Fig. 21; fig. 20/8 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228048-1 wfo-0000121817 morphology CC8F578D-4A4E-473E-AF7F-4B5CA505A0F6 Perennial scrambling or scandent herb, 0.3–2 m high; stems to 3 m long, distally leafy, viscid with dense glands but glabrescent, reddish when young, with abundant white latex; older stems with characteristic papery decorticating bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228005-1 wfo-0000121817 morphology CC8F578D-4A4E-473E-AF7F-4B5CA505A0F6 Leaves variously lobed, 2–12 cm long, 0.8–5.5 cm wide, the very base sagittate-semi-amplexicaul, continuing as a winged pseudopetiole widening into a pair (rarely two pairs) of retrorse triangular lobes 0.2–3 cm long, the terminal lobe triangular to ovate and 1–7 cm long, margins sinuate to dentate to almost lobed, apex acute or rounded, densely glandular-setose, especially on midrib and margins, but glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228005-1 wfo-0000121817 morphology CC8F578D-4A4E-473E-AF7F-4B5CA505A0F6 Capitula many, in terminal leafy panicles to 30 cm long with ± dichotomous branching; involucre 8–15 mm long, cylindrical at anthesis becoming narrowly conical in fruit; phyllaries dark green tinged with red or purple, linear or elliptic, 2–15 mm long, obtuse or rounded, sparsely setose or glabrous, with a tiny distal hair-tuft. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228005-1 wfo-0000121817 morphology CC8F578D-4A4E-473E-AF7F-4B5CA505A0F6 Florets 4–6(–8) per capitulum; corolla pale yellow or less often white, sometimes with purple tinge, tube cylindric, 4–6 mm long, ligule 5–9 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228005-1 wfo-0000121817 morphology CC8F578D-4A4E-473E-AF7F-4B5CA505A0F6 Achenes pale brown, ellipsoid and (slightly) compressed, 5.3–6 mm long including a 1–2 mm long beak, 3–6-ribbed on each side, glabrous or puberulous; pappus white, 5.5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228005-1 wfo-0000121817 morphology CC8F578D-4A4E-473E-AF7F-4B5CA505A0F6 Fig. 20/11 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228005-1 wfo-0000063396 morphology 42268E5A-C356-4B36-8BA4-955AEB545399 Scandent herb 1.8–2.1 m high; stems flexuous, divaricately branching, the older ones sometimes with papery bark, glabrous or very sparsely pilose; latex white, copious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228160-1 wfo-0000063396 morphology 42268E5A-C356-4B36-8BA4-955AEB545399 Leaves pinnatifid to pinnate, 4–10 cm long, 2–5.5 cm wide; petiole to 4 cm long, narrowly winged, blade with 1–2 pairs of lateral lobes, these cuneate or these and the terminal lobe ovate with a cordate base, dentate margins and acuminate apex, the very base of the whole leaf auriculate-semi-amplexicaul, the lateral lobes stalked briefly, glabrous or sparsely setose on the veins; leaves near and in inflorescence entire, unlobed, and small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228160-1 wfo-0000063396 morphology 42268E5A-C356-4B36-8BA4-955AEB545399 Capitula many in divaricately branched terminal panicles to 40 cm long; involucre 8–12 mm long; phyllaries reddish or deep purple, ovate to elliptic, 2–13 mm long, obtuse, glabrous except for the very apex which has a small tuft of hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228160-1 wfo-0000063396 morphology 42268E5A-C356-4B36-8BA4-955AEB545399 Florets 4–5; corolla pale yellow, tube cylindric, 6–7 mm long, pilose distally, ligules 4.5–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228160-1 wfo-0000063396 morphology 42268E5A-C356-4B36-8BA4-955AEB545399 Achenes pale brown, ellipsoid, hardly flattened, 5–5.5 mm long including the 0.5–1 mm long beak, seemingly glabrous but microscopically puberulous; pappus white, 6–8.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228160-1 wfo-0000063396 morphology 42268E5A-C356-4B36-8BA4-955AEB545399 Fig. 20/10 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:228160-1 wfo-0000065831 morphology 27667C24-24F8-4100-A9D2-E47F1D09E8F2 Scandent herb 0.3–3 m high; climbing stems setose or glabrous, main stems 5–12 mm in diameter and corky. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227878-1 wfo-0000065831 morphology 27667C24-24F8-4100-A9D2-E47F1D09E8F2 Leaves with winged petiole, blade narrowly ovate or elliptic, 6–17 cm long, 0.8–2.5 cm wide, with 1–3 pairs of retrorse triangular lobes, margins with retrorse teeth, apex acuminate, glabrous or beneath setose on midrib, veins and margins; distal leaves simple and smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227878-1 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes and opposite them or more numerous and in 2(-several) whorls; staminodes sometimes present between the corolla-lobes, variously developed; anthers 2-thecous, opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Ovary superior, usually 5-many-locular; style simple; ovules solitary in each locule and ascending from the inner angle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Fruit a berry, with a generally thin outer layer and a juicy or mealy (rarely tough and leathery) pulp in which the seeds are embedded, rarely a capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000545 morphology C7FF2FD9-1C83-43CB-8FD9-CD9A1D9B5581 Seeds with a generally hard smooth often shiny testa; attachment area (scar) small or large, sometimes covering more than half the surface area, softer, often rough and duller in colour; endosperm either copious on either side of flat foliaceous cotyledons or scanty to absent, with the cotyledons then usually thick and fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000114-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Erect or floating aquatic herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Leaves with floating and/or emersed blades, sheathing at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Flowers hermaphrodite, regular or slightly irregularly two-lipped, arranged in racemes, spikes, panicles or sub-umbellate inflorescences subtended by a spathe-like leaf-sheath or solitary (Eichhornia) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Perianth hypogynous, petaloid, divided into 6 lobes more or less arranged in two series, united at the base or free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Stamens 1, 3, or 6, equal or unequal, inserted on the perianth; filaments free; anthers dithecous, opening by longitudinal slits or rarely by terminal pores urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Ovary superior, 3-locular with axile placentas or unilocular with 3 parietal placentas; style entire or lobed; ovules anatropous, numerous to solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Fruit a capsule opening by 3 valves, or an indehiscent achene urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000491 morphology 7415DA19-117F-4610-BBBB-CE5C3C92351F Seeds longitudinally ribbed, with copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000882-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Trees, shrubs or rarely climbers, often aromatic; leaves exstipulate, opposite or rarely alternate, simple, entire or toothed (the teeth sometimes glandular) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Flowers small, hermaphrodite or unisexual, sometimes polygamous, often dioecious, regular or rarely irregular, arranged in axillary or terminal racemes, panicles or racemes of cymules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Perianth-lobes 4–?, small, imbricate in 2–several whorls, rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Stamens free, 6–?; anthers dehiscing introrsely or extrorsely by longitudinal slits, more rarely by valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Ovary superior, of 1–numerous 1-locular carpels; style long or short or stigma sessile; ovules solitary in each carpel, usually anatropous, pendulous or erect urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Staminodes sometimes present in the ? flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Fruit of l–? separate drupes or achenes, sometimes enclosed by the calyx or in or on the fleshy receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000389 morphology 9F5BA030-9547-47BA-8332-21CAEE47597F Seeds with fleshy endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006233-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Trees, shrubs or climbers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Leaves mostly alternate, sometimes opposite, coriaceous, glabrous to densely pilose, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Inflorescence terminal, axillary or supraxillary; flowers bisexual (hermaphrodite), sometimes unisexual by abortion, regular, usually paniculate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Calyx small, 4–5-lobed, usually imbricate, rarely valvate, sometimes absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Petals 4–5, free or united, valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Stamens equal in number to and alternate with petals; anthers dithecous (rarely 4-lobed), with longitudinal dehiscence; filaments often tomentose, free or adnate to petals (e.g. in Leptaulus) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Disk rarely present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Ovary unilocular, rarely 3–5-locular (locules lost by suppression or compression), superior; ovules usually 2, pendulous, anatropous; style simple and straight or absent; stigmas (rarely 2–)3–5-lobed, often small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000298 morphology 16E3AEA3-066C-478F-9E6F-A8767CE5105C Fruit a drupe, unilocular, 1-seeded; endocarp woody urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003049-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Herbs or small shrubs, sometimes aquatic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Leaves opposite or verticillate, simple or submerged leaves sometimes much divided, entire or serrate; stipules present, paired urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Flowers small, regular, hermaphrodite, axillary, solitary, cymose, fasciculate or in glomerules, occasionally cleistogamous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Sepals (2–)3–5(–6), free, imbricate, not nerved or 1-nerved, mostly with pellucid margins urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Petals (2–)3–5(–6), hypogynous, imbricate, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Stamens as many as and alternate to twice as many as the petals, free, hypogynous; anthers dithecous, opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Ovary superior, (2–)3–5-locular, with axile placentation; ovules numerous; styles (2–)3–5, free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Fruit a septicidal capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000211 morphology D7848445-CE11-4F68-ADB0-E92FC60451ED Seeds straight or curved, without or with very little endosperm; embryo straight or curved, with short cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013720-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Herbs, shrubs or climbers, those with woody stems mostly with characteristic broad medullary rays urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Leaves alternate, simple, entire or lobed, often cordate, palmately nerved, petiolate, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Flowers hermaphrodite , epigynous, solitary, racemose or in fascicles, sometimes on the old wood at base, terminal or axillary, with or without bracts, regular or irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Calyx usually enlarged and petaloid, basally tubular or campanulate, with either a symmetrically 3-lobed limb or unilateral and entire or lobed, often highly coloured and foetid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Petals usually absent but well developed in Saruma and vestigial in >i>Asarum urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Stamens usually 6 or more in 1 or 2 series around the apex of the ovary or adnate to the stylar column forming a gynostegium, the filaments short, thick, free or scarcely distinguished from the column; anthers with 2 thecae, opening extrorsely by dorsal slits, free or united with style; pollen subspherical and inaperturate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Ovary inferior or rarely half-inferior, completely or partially 4–6-locular, with parietal or axile placentas, the styles united into a column; stigma 3–many-lobed (in >i>Saruma, however, the carpels are free); ovules numerous in 2 series in each locule, anatropous, horizontal or pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Fruit a capsule, often opening from the base upwards or less often indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000048 morphology 46EB5BA7-7529-4F7F-9FFC-822B656C96E1 Seeds numerous, usually flat, with copious horny or fleshy endosperm and minute embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000909-2 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Evergreen or deciduous trees or shrubs, often with stellate indumentum urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Leaves alternate or less often opposite, simple, but often pinnatifid or palmatilobed, entire or serrate (the teeth sometimes glandular), usually stipulate; stipules mostly paired, persistent or more usually deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, racemose, often spicate or capitate, sometimes so densely packed that the flowers are almost joined; bracts and bracteoles often present, the former sometimes forming a coloured involucre urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Flowers small to large, regular or rarely irregular, hermaphrodite or unisexual, hypogynous to perigynous, rarely without a perianth urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Calyx-tube variously shaped, usually ± adnate to the ovary; lobes (3–)5(–7), imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Petals 4–5 or more, sometimes absent in ? flowers, free, imbricate or valvate, rarely circinate, mostly linear-spathulate or obovate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Stamens 4–5(–25), rarely fewer, as many as and alternating with the petals, arranged in one series; staminodes sometimes present; filaments free, sometimes thickened and shorter than the anthers; anthers 2-thecous, opening lengthwise or by valves, the connective sometimes projecting to form a beak urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Disc usually absent, when present annular or composed of separate glands urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Ovary inferior, half-inferior or rarely superior, (l–)2(–3)-locular, the carpels sometimes free at the apex; ovules 1 or more in each cell, apical or anatropous, pendulous; placentation axile; styles 2, subulate, usually free, often recurved, sometimes persistent, the stigmas terminal or lateral urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Fruit a woody loculicidal or septicidal capsule, with leathery exocarp and bony endocarp, often appearing apically 4-valved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000269 morphology 982963DF-B56A-48DF-8E12-B518C6794536 Seeds 1–many, sometimes winged, with thin endosperm; embryo straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126648-1 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Small to large trees, shrubs or less often annual or perennial herbs or woody or herbaceous climbers, sometimes spiny; tissues in many tribes containing abundant rhaphides urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Leaves opposite or verticillate, decussate, almost always entire, very rarely (not in East Africa) palmatifid, toothed or finely denticulate, always obviously stipulate (save in some Rubieae, where the stipules may be considered foliar or almost absent according to interpretation), the stipules interpetiolar or intrapetiolar, entire or, particularly in herbaceous genera, variously divided into lobes or fimbrieae, often tipped or separated by mucilaginous hairs known as colleters and often with colleters inside the base; the leaves in certain tribes sometimes contain small bacterial nodules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Flowers rarely solitary, mostly in various terminal or axillary inflorescences, all basically cymose but variously aggregated into panicles, etc., occasionally in globose heads to an extent that the ovaries are adnate; bracts vestigial to well developed, even conspicuous; flowers usually hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual, regular or nearly so (except in >i>Posoqueria (America)) or corolla-tube rarely curved, homostylous or quite often heterostylous with 2 or rarely 3 forms (long-styled (dolichostylous), short-styled (brachystylous) or equal-styled (isostylous)) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Calyx gamosepalous, the tube mostly adnate to the ovary, (3–)4–5(–8)-toothed or -lobed, sometimes only minutely so, with open, valvate, imbricate or contorted aestivation, 1 or several lobes sometimes slightly to very considerably enlarged to form a leafy often coloured lamina urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Corolla small to large and showy, gamopetalous, rotate to salver-shaped or funnel-shaped, the tube often very long, (3–)4–5(–11)-lobed, the lobes mostly contorted or valvate, sometimes valvate-induplicate, rarely imbricate or quincuncial urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Stamens usually as many as the corolla-lobes and alternate with them, epipetalous; anthers basi- or dorsifixed, introrse, the thecae rarely multilocellate transversely urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Pollen various, mostly simple, isopolar and 3-colporate, but sometimes porate, the number of colpi or pores varying from 2 to 25, globose, ovoid or discoid, sometimes (in some >i>Gardenieae) in tetrads or rarely in polyads urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Disc often present, 2-lobed or tubular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Ovary inferior, rarely half-inferior or (in >i>Gaertnera) superior, syncarpous of 2–5 or more carpels, but predominantly of 2 and therefore predominantly 2-locular, but 3–5 or even 12 or more (e.g. in >i>Urophylleae due to supplementary incomplete partitions); placentation axile or (in some >i>Gardenieae) parietal; ovules 1–many per locule, often embedded in fleshy placentas, erect, basal or horizontal, anatropous; style simple, usually long and narrow, the “stigma” either cylindrical, clavate, or otherwise modified to form a “receptaculum pollinis” or divided into 2–many linear, spathulate or clavate lobes, the actual stigmatic surface sometimes confined to certain areas, e.g. the inner faces of the lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Fruit small to quite large (0.2–20 cm.), a capsule, berry or drupe or indehiscent or woody, occasionally (e.g. in >i>Nauclea and >i>Morinda) united to form syncarps, (1–)2–many-seeded, if capsules then loculicidal or septicidal or opening by a beak urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000534 morphology 40D833E2-6111-458D-8353-6966167CEC32 Seeds small to rather large, sometimes winged; testa cells in some tribes with very distinct pits; albumen present (save in >i>Guettardeae); embryo straight or rarely curved, the radicle mostly longer than the cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032120-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Herbs, sometimes shrubs, very rarely trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Leaves alternate, opposite or rarely whorled, simple; petiole not inflated in middle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Stipules absent or small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Flowers solitary and axillary, sometimes aggregated into racemes or panicles, normally hermaphrodite, regular or rarely irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Sepals valvate, mostly 4, sometimes 5, rarely 2, 3, 6 or 7 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Petals free, as many as sepals, contorted or imbricate, rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Stamens as many or twice as many as sepals, very rarely fewer urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Ovary inferior, mostly 4-celled, rarely 1–7-celled urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Style simple urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Ovules axile, one to many per cell urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Fruit a capsule, rarely a nut or a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000424 morphology 70EF80A8-8F65-4BAB-97AC-2DDA77C558E3 Seeds without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000053-2 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Rhizomatous glabrous monoecious or rarely dioecious herbs with tubers, usually growing submerged in fresh water or (after drying up) on wet soil urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Leaves all basal and alternate, simple and usually with long petioles; blades oblong to linear urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Inflorescence usually a simple or bifid spike (rarely the spike digitate and divided into 3–4 parts), at first enclosed in a thin caducous spathe, very rarely (in the South African species A. ranunculiflorus) the inflorescence is much abbreviated simulating a >i>Ranunculus flower urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Flowers bisexual or more rarely unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Tepals 1–6 or absent, petal-like, often persisting in fruit urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Stamens 1–6, rarely more; filaments free, filiform or flattened; anthers extrorse, 2-thecous, most often only 0.2–0.5 mm. long urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Ovaries 3–8, free or slightly united near their base; each ovary superior and 1-locular, with 1–14 erect ovules borne along one side of the locule-wall or at the base of the locule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Fruit a 1–14-seeded follicle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000040 morphology D959A4A0-B08E-441C-9064-CC1CCA6E2C60 Seeds discoidal to fusiform, straight or slightly curved, with a simple or double testa; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126758-1 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Herbs with bulbs or rhizomes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Leaves in a basal rosette from the apex of the bulb or rhizome; petioles, if present, sometimes sheathing to form a false stem; blade simple, entire, linear to lanceolate or strap-shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Scape leafless, central or lateral in relation to the leaves, with 1–many flowers in an umbel-like inflorescence, subtended by an involucre of 1–many bracts and with ephemeral hyaline bracts between the flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Flowers showy, bisexual, 3-merous, regular or less often slightly irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Tepals in 2 series, equal to subequal, inserted above the ovary, free or partly united into a short or long tube; corona sometimes present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Stamens 3 + 3, opposite the perianth-segments, inserted at their base or in the tube; filaments free, partly fused with the perianth or united into a cup (false corona) at the base; anthers basifixed (not in East Africa) or dorsifixed, often versatile, introrse, opening lengthwise by slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Ovary 3-locular, each locule with (1–2–) many axile ovules; style long and slender, with capitate or 3-lobed stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Fruit a capsule, often loculicidal, or a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000018 morphology 3F593298-B38C-4B15-91D1-AD1F8E5ADC97 Seeds globose or flattened, sometimes winged, with fleshy endosperm and small embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000959-2 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Small herbs, usually saprophytic, rhizomatous or tuberous, usually lacking chlorophyll urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Leaves alternate, simple, entire, sessile, clasping, often forming a rosette, the cauline leaves often scale-like; venation parallel or obscure urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Inflorescence terminal, branched or reduced to 1 flower, racemose or cymose; bracts small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Flowers bisexual, regular or irregular, trimerous, often 3-6-angled or 3-winged, the wings decurrent on to the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Perianth-tube open or constricted at the mouth, persistent or not; outer tepals valvate; inner tepals usually smaller, sometimes absent; tepals sometimes very long, narrowly triangular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Stamens 3 or 6, inserted at various heights, if 3, then opposite inner tepals; anthers dehiscing transversely or longitudinally, sessile or pendulous, 2-thecous; thecae sometimes divaricate and stipitate on the forked connective, which sometimes has apical and/or basal appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Ovary inferior, 3-locular with axile placentas or 1-locular with parietal placentas, which sometimes detach and become suspended apically; sometimes with globose glands on either side of the placentas; ovules numerous, minute; style included, usually short, filiform to conical, shortly 3-lobed or capitate; stigmas sometimes with long filiform tails urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Calyx 2–3 mm. long; tube less than 1 mm. long; lobes linear-subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Corolla silvery strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Stamens ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000196454 morphology 368A4030-DB0F-46BF-87CE-8D0117898986 Pods subcylindrical, 12–17 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and thick, strigulose, 5–8 seeded; endocarp minutely spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500200-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Perennial herb with a woody rootstock, the branches usually procumbent but sometimes more or less erect, up to 50 cm. long, more or less strigose, the hairs appressed or, sometimes, spreading at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Stipules brownish, more or less pilose, triangular at the base and ± attenuate, 2–7 mm. long; rhachis up to 15(–20) mm. long, including a petiole of rarely over 1 mm., usually not prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, narrowly cuneate-oblong or oblanceolate, up to 15 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, appressed strigose on both surfaces, red-black processes often present in their axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Racemes 3–15-flowered; peduncle sparingly strigose or glabrescent, 1.2–6 cm. long; bracts linear, up to 4 mm. long; pedicels pubescent, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Calyx strigose; tube 1 mm.; lobes subulate, 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Corolla puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Stamens 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Pods rather tetragonal, 15–30 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.7 mm. thick, sparsely strigulose, 6–13-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000193882 morphology D7CB016D-3D46-4048-B4FD-1E6E20F7BC51 Seeds pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499707-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Stiffly erect rather woody herb, up to 150 cm. tall from a taproot; branches rather densely covered with short (± 0.3 mm.) appressed white, brown or black hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Stipules subulate, ± 1 mm. long; rhachis up to 15 mm. long, including a petiole of ± 1 mm., not prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 7–11, on petiolules up to 1.5 mm. long, narrowly oblong, cuneate at the base, rounded apiculate and recurved at the apex, up to 15 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, strigulose beneath, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Racemes 5–17-flowered; peduncle strigulose, 1–4 cm. long, about as long as the rest of the axis; bracts persistent, 1–2 mm. long; pedicels up to 8 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Calyx densely covered with appressed black hairs, 3–4 mm. long, divided to the middle into triangular lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Corolla densely covered outside with mainly golden-brown appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Stamens 10–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:14999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Pods cylindrical, up to 4 cm. long, ± 2.3 mm. wide, dark, black strigulose; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000192581 morphology C0637A0D-185C-408A-A9F5-0F188AD740DC Seeds ± 8, well separated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499438-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 An intricate shrublet up to 50 cm. tall; young stems densely covered with stiff appressed white hairs; older stems glabrescent and often corky at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Stipules linear-subulate, 1–3 mm. long, strigose; petiole 2–4 mm. long; rhachis extending 0–1 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 3, rarely up to 7, elliptic, cuneate-obovate or oblanceolate, up to 6 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, strigulose above, densely strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Racemes numerous, with 2–3 flowers at and above the middle of the straw-coloured glabrescent 6–25 mm. long spinose axis; bracts minute, filiform, caducous; pedicels pilose, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Calyx ± 2.5 mm. long; tube ± 1 mm. long; lobes equal, with subulate tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Standard pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Stamens 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Pod straight, somewhat tetragonal, ± 15–20 mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide and 1.6 mm. thick, strigulose, 6–9-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000195365 morphology 378485D6-F56E-42CA-8084-BD0E07A74F63 Fig. 40/1–13, p. 254. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500031-1 wfo-0000190744 morphology 7AE7103F-1ECC-4B9B-A0E6-5B3221C48B0D A shrublet up to 70 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499031-1 wfo-0000190744 morphology 7AE7103F-1ECC-4B9B-A0E6-5B3221C48B0D Differs from I. spinosa in the characters shown in the key, in the inflorescence-spines not exceeding 15 mm. in length, in the less silvery branches and the somewhat stouter pods (2.2 mm. wide and 2.0 mm. thick). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499031-1 wfo-0000190744 morphology 7AE7103F-1ECC-4B9B-A0E6-5B3221C48B0D Leaves 3-foliolate or rarely 1-foliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499031-1 wfo-0000190744 morphology 7AE7103F-1ECC-4B9B-A0E6-5B3221C48B0D Seeds orange-yellow, oblong or ellipsoid, ± 2 by 1.3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499031-1 wfo-0000190744 morphology 7AE7103F-1ECC-4B9B-A0E6-5B3221C48B0D Fig. 40/14, 15, p. 254. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499031-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Shrublet 20–30 cm. tall, the younger branches with a dense appressed silvery indumentum, the older ones smooth, reddish-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Leaves 1-foliolate or digitately 2–3-foliolate, often clustered on short shoots; stipules triangular with scarious margins; petiole up to 2 mm. long; leaflets cuneate-obovate, up to 6 mm. long, appressed strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Flowers 1 or 2 together in axils of the leaves; pedicels ± 0.7 mm. long, lengthening to 2 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Calyx silvery, less than 2 mm. long; lobes subulate, about half as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Corolla puberulent outside with short white spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Stamens ± 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Ovary 11–12-ovulate, pubescent; style ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000195742 morphology AD99F863-FED9-489C-83E6-467567377655 Pod unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500072-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 A branching wiry shrublet or woody annual up to 0.5 m. tall, softly pubescent throughout but hairs rather stiffer and more appressed on upper leaf-surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 Stipules filiform, 2–3 mm. long; rhachis prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond the leaflets, in all up to 8 mm. long including a petiole of 1–2 mm.; leaflets 3–5, narrowly cuneate, apiculate, up to 12 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 Racemes 2–6-flowered, up to 1 cm. long including a peduncle of ± 2 mm.; bracts subfiliform, ± 1.5 mm. long, persistent; pedicels erect, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 Calyx ± 2 mm. long, divided for three-quarters of its length into triangular lobes with filiform tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 Corolla 5 mm. long, puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 Stamens (in Flora area) 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192492 morphology 2198A1F3-B729-4421-9571-D880A33BFA73 Pod straight, erect, subtetragonal, ± 12 mm. long, 1.4 mm. wide, 1.8 mm. thick, pubescent, ± 8-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499419-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Annual, with greenish or reddish branches, which are shortly white pubescent and also carry long straight spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Leaves 1-foliolate; stipules asymmetrically ovate-lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long and 0.8–1.2 mm. wide; petiole 1–2 mm. long; blade elliptic-oblong or obovate, up to 11 or 17 mm. long and 6 or 9 mm. wide, appressed pubescent on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Racemes 1–2-flowered; rhachis pubescent, 5–12 mm. long; pedicels 0.6–0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Calyx pilose, ± 2 mm. long, including the tube of 0.5 mm.; lobes filiform, not gland-tipped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Stamens almost 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192474 morphology 6BC1776C-DB60-4BEA-9478-182CC5BDB9E1 Pod more or less erect, straight, 4–5 mm. long, 1.7 mm. wide, 0.7 mm. thick, pubescent, ± 3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499413-1 wfo-0000192005 morphology EA0D4243-A932-4D39-9EFB-04CC423DB224 Perennial or sometimes annual herb with a taproot and more or less procumbent branches, differing from I. kirkii as in the key. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499320-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Branching woody herb, prostrate or up to 1 m. tall; stems hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Stipules dark brown, lanceolate-acuminate, up to 9 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, pilose at the margins, ± 9-nerved; petiole 1–2 mm. long; leaf-blade oblong, up to 25 mm. long and 8 mm. wide, somewhat narrowed at the base, rounded and apiculate at the apex, hirsute on both surfaces, the midrib impressed above, with ± 10 pairs of lateral nerves prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Racemes hirsute, 4–5-flowered, up to 2 cm. long including a peduncle of 3–4 mm.; bracts small, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Calyx hirsute, divided almost to the base, ± 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000192979 morphology ECA1DA3E-E9CD-414B-A65E-FC60B7045266 Pods subcylindrical, ± 5 mm. long and 2.5 mm. wide, hirsute, 1–3-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499519-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Annual (? always) herb, with spreading pilose branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Leaves pilose throughout; stipules narrowly lanceolate, gland-tipped, 3–4 mm. long; petiole 10–15 mm. long, with 2 glands on stalks ± 0.7 mm. long on its lower part; rhachis prolonged 5–6 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets usually 3, occasionally 1 or 5, elliptical-orbicular, the terminal larger than the lateral, up to 20 mm. long and 16 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Normal racemes 10–12-flowered, up to 12 mm. long including a peduncle of up to 6 mm.; additional much reduced, sessile, 1–2-flowered abortive racemes in the axils of the lowest leaves on each shoot; bracts linear, up to 2 mm. long, gland-tipped; pedicels ± 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Calyx pilose, 2.5 mm. long; lobes narrowly triangular, ± 2 mm. long, gland-tipped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Stamens ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Ovary pilose, 4- or more ovulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Pod 7–13 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, pubescent; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000190798 morphology 5E818396-24D7-4C4A-A8F2-B0365FA145E9 Seeds 3–5, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499046-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Erect or prostrate branching annual or short-lived perennial, up to 70 cm. tall from a taproot, everywhere covered with long hairs, which are mostly brownish and erect but white and ± appressed on the leaf-surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Stipules narrowly lanceolate-acuminate, up to 8 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide at the base; leaflets 1–5, elliptic-oblong, up to 23 mm. long and 12 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Racemes laxly 5–20-flowered, up to 7 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 3 cm., stiffly hirsute throughout; bracts linear, ± 3 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Calyx divided almost to the base, with linear lobes 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Corolla hirsute outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Stamens ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000192247 morphology EA7BE5D4-E501-43D5-95F3-E0AD16C8A159 Pods tetragonal-subcylindric, 12–20 mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide, pubescent, 6–10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499369-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Woody white-pilose perennial shrublet about 65 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Leaves usually more or less crowded on short branchlets; stipules persistent, brownish, ± 2 mm. wide at the base and 6 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 14 mm. long, including a 4 mm. petiole; stipellae filiform, often up to 2 mm. long; leaflets 5–9, oblong-elliptic or obovate, up to 9 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Racemes 3–12-flowered, 10–20 mm. long, including a 2–3 mm. long peduncle; bracts lanceolate, up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Calyx ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Corolla white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Stamens 5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000195884 morphology 56C77F3A-075B-4EFB-91A2-FC395148C1A3 Ovary silky, ± 11-ovulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500102-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Perennial, usually flowering after a fire, with a woody rootstock and several decumbent or weakly ascending stems up to 30 cm. long; everywhere sparsely appressed strigose with rather long (up to 0.9 mm.) biramous hairs; long erect glandular or eglandular multicellular hairs are usually also present on the stems and similar but shorter hairs on leaf- and inflorescence-rhachides but not on the leaflets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Stipules narrowly attenuate, up to 4 mm. long; rhachis, including a petiole of 1–6 mm., up to 15 mm. long, usually not prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets except in 3-foliolate leaves; leaflets 3–7, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, stiffly acute or obtuse, up to 15 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Raceme 5–10-flowered, 3–5 cm. long, including a peduncle of 1–3 cm., the 2 lowest flowers usually subopposite; bracts lanceolate, up to 2 mm. long, caducous or persistent; pedicels erect, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Calyx strigose, ± 3 mm. long, divided for three-quarters of its length into narrowly triangular-subulate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Corolla densely appressed white strigose outside, 7–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Stamens 5–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Ovules 6–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000192692 morphology E8597A54-D9C5-4BFE-B8FA-76F795ACE8D3 Pod more or less erect, cylindrical, 10–14 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, strigose-puberulent, 4–6-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499453-1 wfo-0000195283 morphology EEBD2C45-71F3-48EB-9FC8-407161C48759 Resembles I. hilaris, but the stems are more stiffly erect and up to 60 cm. tall, the leaflets 3 or rarely 5 instead of 3–7, the flowers smaller with stamens 3–5 mm. long and the flowers and fruits spreading rather than erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500010-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Erect bushy herb 30–40 cm. tall, with numerous stiffly spreading branches; stems densely covered with erect multicellular hairs up to 2 mm. long, the white biramous hairs sparser. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Leaves 3–7(occasionally –9)-foliolate, with multicellular hairs on the rhachis and usually on the margins and under-surface of the leaflets as well; stipules sublinear, green, persistent, spreading, 2–6 mm. long; rhachis up to 1 cm. long including a petiole of 2–5 mm., not prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets except in 3-foliolate leaves; leaflets elliptic, narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, apiculate, up to 8 mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide, with appressed white biramous hairs on both surfaces, those above thinner and sparser than those beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Racemes crowded towards the ends of the branches, 3–12-flowered, 1.5–3 cm. long, including a peduncle of 2–7 mm., everywhere covered with short erect glandular hairs; bracts lanceolate, 1–3 mm. long, rather persistent; pedicels 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Calyx with both white biramous hairs and short erect glandular hairs, the tube 1 mm., the lobes 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Corolla white pubescent outside and also having some glandular hairs on the middle of the standard and of the keel; standard elliptical, apiculate, 6–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Filaments 6 mm. long; anthers 0.8 mm. including the 0.2 mm. apiculum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Ovary 5–6-ovulate, 3 mm. long; style 4 mm. long, bent through 90° near its centre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000194753 morphology 8C3EA03C-0D72-4CAA-A3C8-3B604054CF95 Pod more or less erect, straight, 9–11 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, densely covered with erect glandular hairs 0.4–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499897-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Perennial herb, with more or less prostrate slender branches from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Biramous hairs white, ± appressed; multicellular glandular hairs, sometimes up to 3 mm. long, present on stems, leaf- and inflorescence-rhachis, calyx and pod, and often on the margins of the leaflets as well. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Stipules narrowly linear-lanceolate, green, usually reflexed, up to 5 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 35 mm. long including a petiole of 0.5–10 mm., usually prolonged 0.5–5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–11, elliptic or oblanceolate, up to 15 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, sparsely appressed strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Racemes often produced in the axils of reduced leaves near the base of the shoots, 2–15 times as long as the rhachis of the subtending leaf; bracts caducous; pedicels spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Calyx greenish-black; tube ± 1 mm. long; lobes linear-lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Corolla white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Filaments 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Pod spreading, straight, broadly elliptic in cross-section, 13–18 mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide, 5–8-seeded; endocarp slightly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193851 morphology 6BF70BC9-6C21-446D-9E2F-4A618853F581 Seeds quadrangular, dark, slightly pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499702-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Erect or diffuse rather woody annual or perennial, up to 1 m. tall; stems reddish, white strigulose or glabrescent below; multicellular hairs also usually present on the stems and often elsewhere. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Stipules setaceous-subulate; leaf-rhachis, including a 1–6 mm. petiole, up to 25 mm. long, usually prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–11 or very rarely 13, elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, up to 12 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, often markedly apiculate, shortly strigulose above, with both long and short biramous hairs beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Racemes rather lax, 6–30-flowered, up to 5 cm. long, including a 6–10 mm. peduncle; bracts lanceolate, ± 2 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels 1 mm. long in flower, up to 2 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Calyx pilose-strigulose, 3–5 mm. long, divided nearly to the base into setaceous lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Corolla appressed white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Stamens 3–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Pod spreading, straight, up to 10 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, 1 mm. thick, strigulose-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193742 morphology 9CB512DE-2DA8-44EC-A752-668E6BE0878F Seeds 1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499670-1 wfo-0000193574 morphology C066C0E0-70B1-46FA-9DD9-29CFA306B8C1 Annual or short-lived perennial herb up to 25 cm. tall, with a well-developed taproot; branches usually ± prostrate, up to 50 cm. long, everywhere covered with white ± appressed biramous hairs; glandular erect multicellular hairs on stems usually under 0.5 mm. but sometimes up to 2 or 2.5 mm. long, on the leaves very short but usually extending to the leaflet-margins, on the pods usually under 0.5 mm. but sometimes up to 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499632-1 wfo-0000193574 morphology C066C0E0-70B1-46FA-9DD9-29CFA306B8C1 Stipules linear, spreading, up to 6 mm. long; leaf-rhachis prolonged beyond lateral leaflets, up to 4.5 cm. long including a petiole longer than the basal leaflets; leaflets 7–11, or very rarely 13, elliptic-oblanceolate, 2–2.6 times as long as wide, up to 10 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499632-1 wfo-0000193574 morphology C066C0E0-70B1-46FA-9DD9-29CFA306B8C1 Racemes 6–20-flowered, usually about as long as the subtending leaf, the peduncle 1–2 cm. long, equal to, or half as long as, the rest of the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499632-1 wfo-0000193574 morphology C066C0E0-70B1-46FA-9DD9-29CFA306B8C1 Calyx deeply divided, 0.3–0.8 times as long as the filaments, which are 5–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499632-1 wfo-0000193574 morphology C066C0E0-70B1-46FA-9DD9-29CFA306B8C1 Style ± 3 mm. long, bent through 90° a little below the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499632-1 wfo-0000193574 morphology C066C0E0-70B1-46FA-9DD9-29CFA306B8C1 Pod spreading, straight, up to 17 mm. long, about 1.5 mm. wide, 11–13-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499632-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Branched erect herb up to 1 m. tall from a woody but normally annual rootstock; medifixed hairs on stems, etc., white, spreading at the tips; short (up to 0.3 mm.) multicellular glandular hairs reddish, very abundant on stems, leaf- and inflorescence-rhachides and sometimes found on calyx-lobes and leaflet-margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Stipules spreading, setaceous, up to 4 mm. long; rhachis up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole 1–20 mm. long, prolonged up to 3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 7–19, elliptical or elliptic-oblong, rounded and apiculate at the tip, up to 10 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, densely strigulose on both surfaces (hairs ± 0.4 mm. long) and also strongly strigose beneath (hairs 1 mm. long). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Raceme 15–35-flowered, up to 8 cm. long including a peduncle of 1–2 cm.; bracts linear, up to 3 mm. long, sometimes subpersistent; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Calyx strigose, up to 4 mm. long, divided almost to the base, the lobes ending in long setaceous tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Fruit a capsule, crowned by remains of perianth, often 3- or 6-ribbed or -winged, opening apically or longitudinally between the placentas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000091 morphology 8B42E105-98B6-4E6E-B8DE-E759FC051C0E Seeds numerous, minute, subglobose, linear or ellipsoid; endosperm scanty or none urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126740-1 wfo-7000000288 morphology 4E467715-40FB-4232-8635-56ED8342B8E5 Partly submerged aquatic dioecious (but in one species monoecious, and another monoecious or dioecious) herbs with tuber-like rhizomes, sometimes stoloniferous, the roots attached to rocks in waterfalls and rapidly running water urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126692-1 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Fruit a capsule, dehiscing longitudinally into 2–4 valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000540 morphology EC7A9843-50C7-4CB8-8FC5-751E4FC42958 Seeds numerous, very small, with large tuft of long hairs arising from funicle; embryo straight; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002644-2 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Aquatic herbs, monoecious, perennating by buds, usually free-floating urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Leaves in whorls of (6–)8–11, filiform, dichotomously branched, often with few–many spine-tipped teeth on margins especially of distal segments; terminal segments truncate, 2-spined and with a central reddish terete soon deciduous projection ± 0.2 mm. long urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Flowers axillary, 1-several per node, ? and ? at different nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Perianth of 6–13 strap-shaped or obovate lobes united at base and some united in pairs to over half their length, often with a single hyaline spine on each margin, truncate with 2 spines and a central projection as in leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Male flowers subsessile, with numerous stamens in several whorls on domed torus around pistillode; filaments very short or absent; anthers oblong, extrorse; thecae 2, parallel, dehiscing longitudinally; connective produced apically into 2 spines and a central projection as in perianth-lobes, often with 1–3 spines on margins; immature anthers much flattened, resembling perianth-lobes, later swollen, oblong, reddish projection detaching, tissues becoming gas-filled and bearing detached anther to water-surface where it becomes horizontal, dehisces and sheds pollen on to plants below urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Female flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate, without staminodes; ovary solitary, superior, sessile, tapering into long style; ovule 1, pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 morphology 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 Fruit a hard nut, ovoid or ellipsoid, slightly laterally flattened, wingless and rimless, or more markedly flattened and then often with marginal longitudinal ‘rim’ or entire to dentate or spinulose wing; style ± persistent and spinose; base often with a pair of prominent spines; rest of surface often gland-dotted, spiny or warty; embryo straight; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000127 distribution 0DC3CB78-3EB4-4D9E-A830-1D45A7155DA2 A worldwide family of one genus only urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126579-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Trees or shrubs, monoecious or more often dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Branches of two kinds: normal, woody branches and deciduous, little-divided green branchlets, thin and usually flexible urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Leaves on both kinds of branches reduced to whorls of small triangular scales united at base; midribs decurrent to lower node giving a ribbed or grooved appearance to internode; on persistent stems leaves becoming separate as stem thickens; leaf-whorls, and therefore also ribs, alternating at consecutive nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Flowers grouped into unisexual inflorescences with closely spaced alternating whorls of bracts similar to scale-leaves; male spikes cylindrical, terminating deciduous branches singly, rarely also axillary and shortly stalked on persistent branches; female heads shortly-stalked or subsessile, ovoid or globular, axillary along persistent branches; both male and female flowers sessile and solitary in axil of each bract of whorl; pair of lateral bracteoles enclosing each flower urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Male flower a single stamen enclosed in bud by 1 or 2 (anterior and posterior) concave or hood-shaped membranous perianth-segments which break off at base as stamen develops; mature anther exserted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Female flower without perianth; ovary single; style short, with 2 long filiform well-exserted stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Infructescence cone-like, globular, ovoid or cylindrical, ± woody, formed by enlargement and thickening of accrescent bracts and bracteoles of the individual flowers, the latter usually the more elongated and forming pairs of valves enclosing the true fruit and opening when ripe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000118 morphology 1F5F1B43-71AE-48FD-AECB-3CC2E6183C5B Fruit a samara, very much laterally compressed, apex produced into large ± translucent wing with 1 longitudinal nerve urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126722-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Trees or shrubs (sometimes lianes), rarely perennial herbs, very rarely annuals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Stems and branches with tough cortical, often shining, fibres urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Leaves alternate or opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, simple, entire, small needle-like, 1-nerved, to large flat, pinnately nerved, without stipules, herbaceous or coriaceous, sometimes glandular-punctate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-0000569610 morphology 0693E813-60A7-4943-961F-F065C20F0095 Lamina subcoriaceous to chartaceous, oblong to subobovate or oblanceolate, sometimes elliptic or lanceolate, 2–4(–21) × 1.5–6(–12.5) cm., apex acuminate, base acute to obtuse, margin entire; upper surface glabrous, lower surface puberulous; lateral veins 5–6 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 0.3–1 (–1.5) cm. long; stipules 0.3–0.7 cm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850817-1 wfo-0000569610 morphology 0693E813-60A7-4943-961F-F065C20F0095 Staminate inflorescences 3–6 mm. in diameter, subsessile or on peduncle up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850817-1 wfo-0000569610 morphology 0693E813-60A7-4943-961F-F065C20F0095 Bisexual inflorescences 5–10 mm. in diameter, subsessile or with a peduncle up to 4 mm. long; stigmas 2–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850817-1 wfo-0000569610 morphology 0693E813-60A7-4943-961F-F065C20F0095 Infructescences subglobose to ellipsoid, ± 2 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850817-1 wfo-0000569610 morphology 0693E813-60A7-4943-961F-F065C20F0095 Fig. 9, p. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:850817-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Shrub or undershrub, 0.5–3(–6) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Leafy twigs 0.5–2 mm. thick, puberulous to hirtellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Leaves (at least on the branches) distichous; lamina subcoriaceous to chartaceous when dry, lanceolate to elliptic or obovate, (3–)7–15(–22) × (1–)2.5–9 cm., apex acuminate to subcaudate, sometimes truncate and coarsely dentate to lobed, base cuneate to obtuse, margin dentate (towards the apex sometimes lobate) to subentire; both surfaces puberulous; lateral veins (4–)6–12(–14) pairs; petiole 0.3–1(–1.7) cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules narrowly triangular, 3–11 mm. long, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Inflorescences solitary or sometimes up to 3 together; peduncle 0.2–0.8(–1.2) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Receptacle broadly turbinate to discoid, subcircular to circular in oudine, 0.3–0.8 cm. in diameter, with ± 2 rows of small reniform to ovate bracts at the margin, some bracts lower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Staminate flowers crowded; perianth-lobes 2, 3–6-lobed or -partite; stamens 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Pistillate flowers 1(–2), central; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Infructescences turbinate to subglobose, 0.7–0.8 cm. in diameter; endocarp-body subglobose, ± 6.5 mm. in diameter, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654469 morphology 2ABE8D71-A8B2-40BD-AF71-412DFEEF761E Fig. 11, p.24. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851575-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Shrub up to 2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Stems branched, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Leaves distichous; lamina chartaceous when dry, elliptic to oblong or obovate, (3–)5–17(–20) × (1–)2–8 cm., apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to subobtuse, margin entire or sublobate; upper surface glabrous or puberulous on the midrib, lower surface glabrous or sparsely puberulous; lateral veins 5–8(–14) pairs; petiole 2.5–6(–9) cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick; stipules triangular to subulate, 1–6 mm. long, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 0.4–1.4 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Receptacle naviculate, 1.5–4 × 0.5–1 cm.; flowering face linear, margin 3–8 mm. wide, undulate; appendages 2, terminal, linear, (2.5–)7–30 mm. long, sometimes with a third tooth-like appendage laterally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Staminate flowers ± 45, ± spaced; perianth-lobes 1–3; stamens 1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Pistillate flowers 1–2; perianth disciform; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654261 morphology DFC7CCC9-09E6-4A49-A938-CEB345842784 Endocarp-body subglobose, 5–7 mm. in diameter, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:582989-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Herb up to 50 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems ascending, unbranched, 1.5–4 mm. thick, whitish to sometimes yellowish puberulous or hirtellous, the lower part woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Leaves in spirals, crowded at the apex of the stem; lamina chartaceous when dry, oblanceolate to obovate, (1–)3–14 × (0.5–)1–6 cm., apex acute to obtuse, base obtuse to subcordate or occasionally cuneate, margin repand to faintly or sometimes coarsely dentate; upper surface smooth or ± scabrous, lower surface scabrous or smooth and puberulous to hirtellous on the main veins; lateral veins 3–8(–10) pairs; petiole 0.2–1.3 cm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. thick; stipules either triangular, ± 0.1 mm. long and caducous, or subulate, 4–10 mm. long and persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 0.6–2.7 cm. long, gradually passing into the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Receptacle zygomorphic to almost actinomorphic, naviculate to broadly funnel-shaped and orbicular in outline; flowering face linear, elliptic or subrhombic to subcircular, 0.5–2.2 × 0.4–1 cm., plane, often dark purplish, margin 0.1–1.5 mm. wide, often with a ridge bordering the flowering face; primary appendages 2, terminal (in actinomorphic inflorescences hardly distinct from secondary appendages), linear, 7–45 mm. long, secondary appendages 10–33, lateral, triangular to linear, (0.2–)1–17 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes 2–3; stamens 2–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Pistillate flowers up to ± 10; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654670 morphology 13A9B551-B085-4749-B31E-D705830173F4 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter, two sides tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583142-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Herb 10–50 cm. tall, rhizomatous; rhizomes ± woody; stems ascending, sometimes branched, 1–3 mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous when dry, obovate to oblanceolate, sometimes ovate, oblong or linear, (1–)3–19 × (0.4–)1–6 cm., apex acute to subobtuse, base obtuse to cuneate, margin repand to sinuate, pinnatifid to -lobed, with 2–8 lobes at each side, coarsely dentate or irregularly pinnately incised; upper surface glabrous and smooth or scabridulous, lower surface puberulous mainly on the veins; lateral veins 2–8 pairs; petiole 0.2–0.9 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules subulate, 1.5–5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Inflorescences solitary or in pairs; peduncle 1–3.5 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Receptacle slightly funnel-shaped, 0.3–1 cm. in diameter; flowering face subcircular, 0.2–0.7 cm. in diameter, plane, margin 0.3–2(–3) mm. wide; appendages in 1 row, 15–28, linear or triangular, 0.2–4 mm. long (2 or 3 slightly longer than the others). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Staminate flowers spaced; perianth-lobes 3; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Pistillate flowers 4–12; perianth conical; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654707 morphology 68570F3B-C359-4942-8E91-A70548B122D5 Endocarp-body slightly tetrahedral, ± 3 mm. in diameter, 2 sides coarsely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851660-1 wfo-0000654390 morphology 2E46DD25-29B1-4C11-920D-0E08731549E0 Herb up to 80 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems erect, unbranched, 3–5 mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851539-1 wfo-0000654390 morphology 2E46DD25-29B1-4C11-920D-0E08731549E0 Leaves in spirals, tending to distichous; lamina chartaceous when dry, elliptic to obovate, (3.5–)7–17 × 3.5–8.5 cm., apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to subobtuse, margin coarsely dentate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely puberulous; lateral veins 6–8 pairs; petiole 1–2.6 cm. long, 1–2.5 mm. thick; stipules subulate, 2.5–5.5 mm. long, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851539-1 wfo-0000654390 morphology 2E46DD25-29B1-4C11-920D-0E08731549E0 Inflorescences (1–)2(–3) together; peduncle 0.5–1 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick, recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851539-1 wfo-0000654390 morphology 2E46DD25-29B1-4C11-920D-0E08731549E0 Receptacle funnel-shaped, laterally compressed, 0.6–1 cm. long; flowering face narrowly elliptic, 0.5–0.8 × 0.2 cm., margin ± 0.5 mm. wide; appendages in 1 row, primary ones 2, terminal, obovate, 1–5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, concave, secondary ones 10–16, lateral, obovate to ovate or subtriangular, 0.3–1 mm. long, concave. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851539-1 wfo-0000654390 morphology 2E46DD25-29B1-4C11-920D-0E08731549E0 Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes 3; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851539-1 wfo-0000654390 morphology 2E46DD25-29B1-4C11-920D-0E08731549E0 Pistillate flowers up to ± 10; perianth conical; stigmas 2, linear. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851539-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Herb 15–30 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems ascending to creeping, unbranched, 1–3 mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:40999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Leaves almost distichous; lamina chartaceous when dry, oblong to elliptic, 3–16 × 2–8 cm., apex acute, base cuneate to obtuse, pinnatifid to -lobed, with up to 15 lobes on each side; upper surface glabrous and smooth or scabridulous, lower surface puberulous; lateral veins 5–9 pairs; petiole 0.5–2 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules subulate, 1.5–7.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Inflorescences 1–2(–3) together; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick, almost erect. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Receptacle funnel-shaped and laterally compressed to naviculate, 0.2–1 × 0.2–0.5 cm.; flowering face oblong to elliptic or rhombic to subcircular, 0.2–0.8 × 0.2–0.4 cm., margin up to 0.5 mm. wide; appendages in 1 row, primary ones 2, terminal, subobovate to subspathulate, 1–5 mm. long, secondary ones up to ± 20, lateral, triangular to ovate, 0.2–0.5 mm. long, sometimes only 1 or 2 and then up to 1.5 mm. long and at the middle of the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes (2–)3; stems (2–)3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Pistillate flowers up to ± 10; perianth conical; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654695 morphology 2F1D9DBB-DCD9-4CE9-A488-ADF67C968189 Endocarp-body slightly tetrahedral, ± 2 mm. in diameter, 2 sides tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851655-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Herb up to 50 cm. tall, rhizomatous; rhizome with brownish filiform branched roots up to 0.5 mm. thick, as well as with yellowish fleshy unbranched roots up to ± 2.5 mm. thick; stems procumbent or ascending, unbranched, ± 2.5 mm. thick, puberulous to hirtellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Leaves in spirals; lamina subcoriaceous to chartaceous when dry, elliptic to oblong, oblanceolate or linear, (3–)6–11 × 1–2.5 cm., apex acute, base cuneate to subobtuse; margin repand to dentate; upper surface scabrous, often with paler spots along the midrib and lateral veins, lower surface puberulous to hispidulous, often with purplish spots along the midrib and lateral veins; lateral veins 4–7 pairs; petiole 0.7–1.2 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules narrowly triangular, ± 1 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle up to 1.3 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick, gradually passing into the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Receptacle naviculate, 1–2.1 × 0.3–0.4 cm.; flowering face linear, concave to plane, 0.8–1.5 × ± 0.25 cm., margin ± 0.5 mm. wide, entire; appendages 2, terminal, inserted below the face on a downwardly bent margin, linear, 1.5–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Staminate flowers ± crowded; perianth-lobes 3; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Pistillate flowers 5–7, ± in a median row: perianth conical; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654682 morphology 1185EAE7-0D3D-4A66-9DAA-5BF9FD8EF0B4 Endocarp-body slightly tetrahedral, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter, slightly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:937397-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Herb up to 25 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems creeping or ascending, unbranched, 1–2 mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous when dry, elliptic, (1.5)3–9.5 × (1–)2–4 cm., apex acute to obtuse, base cuneate to subobtuse, margin 3–5-lobed to sinuate or faindy dentate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface puberulous; lateral veins 3–5 pairs; petiole 0.7–1.5 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules narrowly triangular, 0.5–1.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Inflorescences solitary or in pairs; peduncle 0.4–1.5 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick, gradually passing into the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Receptacle naviculate; flowering face narrowly elliptic, 0.8–1.3 × ± 0.3 cm., sometimes slightly angular, margin 0.2–0.3 mm. wide; appendages in 1 row, primary ones 2, terminal, linear, 15–27 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Staminate flowers spaced; perianth-lobes 3; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Pistillate flowers 3–8; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654298 morphology 65B3E440-2FE5-495F-8675-776DE67AB8C2 Endocarp-body subglobose, ± 3 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583005-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Herb up to 1 m. tall, rhizomatous; stems erect or ascending, unbranched, up to ± 5 mm. thick, minutely puberulous to yellowish hirtellous, the lower part woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous to subcoriaceous when dry, subobovate or obovate, 6–15 × 2–5 cm., apex acute to obtuse, base cuneate to obtuse or cordate, margin entire, sometimes coarsely dentate; upper surface scabrous, lower surface scabrous, partly puberulous (mainly on the veins) or minutely puberulous to yellowish hirtellous; venation impressed and conspicuous above, lateral veins 6–10 pairs; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick; stipules narrowly triangular to subulate, 2–4.5 mm. long, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Inflorescences solitary or sometimes in pairs; peduncle 0.5–1.2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Receptacle slightly to distincdy zygomorphic, discoid and plane, elliptic to subcircular to multiangular, 2–3 × 1.2–1.5 cm., margin 3–5 mm. wide, with conspicuous radiating stripes; appendages in 1 row, primary ones 2, terminal, linear to spathulate, 5–7 mm. long, secondary ones numerous, lateral, tooth-shaped, up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Staminate flowers ± crowded; perianth-lobes 2–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Pistillate flowers less numerous; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654644 morphology 489ED405-E731-4CE8-A519-18B889223B16 Fig. 12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583124-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Herb (20–)30–90(–120) cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems erect, unbranched, up to 7 mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous, oblong to elliptic, (4–)6–23(–29) × (2–)4–10 cm., apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to subobtuse or sometimes subattenuate, margin entire, crenulate-dentate or sometimes deeply pinnately incised; upper surface glabrous, lower surface puberulous to sometimes hirtellous; lateral veins (4–)6–10 pairs; petiole 0.5–3.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules subulate, up to 0.2 or 0.4–0.9 cm. long, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Inflorescences solitary or in pairs; peduncle 0.5–4 cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. thick, broadened towards the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Receptacle ± funnel-shaped, orbicular, 0.7–2.5 cm. in diameter, margin 0.5–1 mm. wide; flowering face subcircular to multiangularorsubstellate, with 8–12(–14) 0.5–1.5 mm. long lobes; appendages in 1 row, up to 40, tooth-like, linear, spathulate or clavate, 1–40 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Staminate flowers crowded or spaced; perianth-lobes 3; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Pistillate flowers among the staminate ones; perianth rather flat; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654454 morphology CDF1A41F-C009-4DAE-844E-2273CC80D17C Endocarp-body ± 3 mm. in diameter, slightly tetrahedral, 2 sides tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851568-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Herb up to 50 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems creeping, branched, 0.5–2 mm. thick, ± densely hirtellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous when dry, elliptic to obovate, (1.5–)3–12 × (0.8–)2–5 cm., apex acute to faintly acuminate to subobtuse, base obtuse to subcordate, margin sinuate or towards the apex irregularly dentate; upper and lower surface hirtellous; lateral veins 4–7(–8) pairs; petiole 0.9–4 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules subulate, 2–8 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Inflorescences 1–3-together; peduncle 0.7–2 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Receptacle funnel-shaped; flowering face circular, 1–7 mm. in diameter, margin 0.1–0.5 mm. wide; appendages in 1 row, 12–18, triangular, 1–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Staminate flowers spaced; perianth-lobes (2–)3; stamens (2–)3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Pistillate flowers ± 8; perianth broadly conical; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654317 morphology 3CDF119E-6732-427B-B323-853BC1A8F966 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, 1–2 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583010-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Herb up to 60 cm. tall in Flora area but to 2(–3) m. in var. scabra, rhizomatous; rhizome often ± tuberous; stems erect or ascending, often branched, ± 3(–5) mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Leaves in spirals, ± crowded at the apex of the stem; lamina papyraceous when dry, elliptic to obovate, (2–)5–19 × (1–)2–8 cm., apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate, margin denticulate to coarsely dentate or sometimes repand; both surfaces puberulous; lateral veins 5–8(–10) pairs; petiole 0.5–3.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules narrowly triangular, 0.5–2(–4) mm. long, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Inflorescences solitary or in pairs; peduncle 0.6–5 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Receptacle vertical, naviculate; flowering face narrowly ovate to linear, 1.2–5.5 × 0.15–0.5 cm., margin almost lacking, sometimes up to 1.5 mm. wide; appendages 2, terminal, filiform, the upper one (20–)30–70(–100) mm. long, the lower one (1.2–)3–10(–30) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes 1–2(–3); stamens 1–2(–3). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Pistillate flowers 5–10(–22), most of them in a median row; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654605 morphology F3879AB0-A858-48F5-BD3B-38272572DC91 Endocarp-body subglobose to tetrahedral, ± 3 mm. in diameter, at least slightly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851624-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Herb up to 40 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems creeping, ascending or erect, unbranched or, especially creeping ones, branched, 1–5 mm. thick, ± fleshy, sparsely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous when dry, lanceolate to elliptic, 1–11 × 0.5–4.5 cm., apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to subobtuse, margin repand to dentate; upper surface sparsely puberulous (more densely on the midrib), lower surface glabrous or sparsely puberulous (mainly on the midrib); lateral veins (2–)4–9 pairs; petiole (0.2–)0.7–3 cm. long, ± 0.5–2 mm. thick; stipules subulate, ± 0.5 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle (0.5–) 1–2.5 cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Receptacle discoid and plane; flowering face subcircular, 0.2–0.6 cm. in diameter, margin 1–3 mm. wide, membranous, with radiating ribs; appendages in 1 row, 1–4 triangular to linear, up to 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Staminate flowers spaced; perianth-lobes 2–3; stamens 2–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth annular, flat; stigma 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654432 morphology 54523A42-451D-40BB-903E-56CBF29A1847 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ± 1 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851561-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Herb up to 100 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems ascending to erect, unbranched or branched, up to 7(–10) mm. thick, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous to papyraceous when dry, elliptic to subovate, (1–)3–13(–20) × (1–)2–5(–7) cm., apex acute to faintly acuminate, base cuneate to attenuate, margin irregularly, coarsely to faintly dentate; upper surface glabrous or sparsely puberulous on the midrib, lower surface glabrous or sparsely puberulous on the main veins; lateral veins 4–9 pairs; petiole 0.5–3(–4) cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick, mainly adaxially puberulous; stipules subulate, ± 1 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 1–2.5(–3) cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Receptacle discoid to slightly funnel-shaped, flowering face subcircular, 0.5–1.1 cm. in diameter, margin up to 0.5 mm. wide; appendages in 2 ± distinct rows, the inner (marginal) row triangular to linear, up to 8 mm. long, the outer (submarginal) row 8–12, filiform, up to 55(–70) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes 3; stamens 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Pistillate flowers numerous, spaced; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654678 morphology 8D4DEC00-1562-4AB4-AD0E-B2DF68C096AA Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ± 1 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583143-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Herb up to 100 cm. tall, rhizomatous; stems erect or ascending, branched (at least abortive branches present), 2–10 mm. thick, sparsely and minutely puberulous, the hairs mostly in longitudinal lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Leaves in spirals; lamina papyraceous when dry, oblong to subobovate, less often lanceolate to elliptic, (1.5–)3–18(–24) × (0.3–)0.8–6 cm., apex acute to obtuse, base attenuate to cuneate, margin coarsely (dentate-)crenate to lobate or subentire; upper surface minutely puberulous on the midrib or also near the margin, lower surface glabrous or almost so; lateral veins 3–12 pairs; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm. long, ± 1–2 mm. thick; stipules triangular to ovate, up to 1 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 1–2.4 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Receptacle discoid and face subcircular, 0.8–1.5 cm. in diameter; flowering face subcircular to slightly lobed, 0.7–1.4 cm. in diameter, margin up to 1 mm. wide; appendages basically in 2 rows, but at anthesis hardly distinguishable, the inner (marginal) row a few very short, the outer (submarginal) row ± 10–15, triangular to band-shaped or subspathulate, 0.5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes 3(–4); stamens 3–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth shortly tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654718 morphology 70768433-7F0B-4E0F-80DD-CE858B803948 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ±1.5 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583152-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Herb up to ± 70 cm. tall, rhizomatous (or tuberous); stems ascending to erect, branched (the branches often arrested, with minute leaves) or unbranched, fleshy to sometimes thickly succulent, the basal part often swollen, sometimes forming a globose to pear- shaped tuber up to 4 cm. across, the leafy part 1–5(–7) mm. in diameter, glabrous to sparsely puberulous; scars of the leaves, stipules and inflorescences often conspicuous and prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous to papyraceous when dry, oblong to elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate or linear, (0.5–)1–12(–20) × (0.3–)1–16 cm., apex obtuse to acute, base cuneate to attenuate or sometimes subobtuse; margin ± irregularly and sometimes coarsely crenate to dentate, sometimes subentire, when dry sometimes ± revolute; upper surface glabrous and smooth, scabridulous or sparsely puberulous on the midrib, lower surface puberulous to glabrous; lateral veins 2–10(–12) pairs; petiole (0.1–)0.2–2(–3) cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick, puberulous, mainly adaxially; stipules subulate to ovate, up to 1.5(–2) mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Inflorescences solitary or sometimes in pairs; peduncle 0.2–1.2(–2.5) cm. long, ± 0.5 mm. thick, sometimes recurved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Receptacle discoid to broadly turbinate or funnel-shaped, sometimes subnaviculate,0.4–1.2 cm. in diameter (or wide); flowering face subcircular to substellate or narrowly elliptic to 3–6-angular, margin very narrow or lacking; appendages in 2 rows, the inner (marginal) row numerous, semi-circular to triangular, up to 2 mm. long, forming a crenate to dentate rim, outer (submarginal) row 2–12, narrowly triangular to band-shaped or filiform, (2–)5–22(–25) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Staminate flowers crowded or slightly spaced; perianth-lobes (2–)3(–4); stamens (2–)3(–4). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Pistillate flowers numerous, scattered; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654445 morphology 7B4147B6-D988-45DA-9806-CAF2D36D8740 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, 1–1.5 mm. in diameter, slightly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851565-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Herb up to 50(–75) cm. tall, rhizomatous or sometimes tuberous; stems erect or ascending, up to 100(–300) cm. long, the base sometimes forming a tuber up to 10 cm. across, branched (at least with arrested branchlets with minute leaves) or unbranched, 2–10 mm. thick when dry, sparsely minutely puberulous, the hairs mostly in ± distinct longitudinal lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Leaves in spirals, often only at the top of the stem; lamina papyraceous when dry, oblong to subobovate to lanceolate or elliptic, (1–)2–14(–21) × (0.3–)1–4(–6.5) cm., apex acute to obtuse, base attenuate to cuneate, margin rather regularly, finely to coarsely crenate-dentate or sometimes repand; upper surface minutely (on the midrib rather densely) puberulous, lower surface puberulous on the veins or glabrous; lateral veins (5–)8–15 pairs; petiole (0.2–)1–2(–3) cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. thick; stipules triangular to ovate, up to 1 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Inflorescences often several together; peduncle (0.5–)1–3 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Receptacle broadly turbinate to discoid, triangular to subquadrangular or sometimes ± irregularly substellate or oval, 0.5–1 (–2) cm. in diameter, flowering face in outline similar to the receptacle, margin up to 1 mm. wide; appendages in 2 rows, the inner (marginal) row semi-circular, up to 1 (–2) mm. long, forming a crenate rim, the outer (submarginal) row (2–)3–7, usually 3 or 3–4 of them band-shaped to triangular and 4–8 mm. long, the shorter ones (1–4) triangular to ovate, up to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Staminate flowers ± crowded; perianth-lobes 3; stamens (2–)3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth shortly tubular; stigma 1 (sometimes a rudimentary second one). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Endocarp-body tetrahedral, 1–±1.5 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654724 morphology 93B96374-55CD-4BF3-B301-AC19EA56F22C Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851669-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Herb, tuberous; tuber discoid to subglobose, up to 4.5 cm. across; stems seasonal, erect, ascending or creeping, up to 50(–90) cm. long, 1–7(–10) mm. thick, puberulous, often branched (especially on creeping stems) or at least arrested branches transformed into subglobose tubers up to 1 cm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Leaves in spirals, on the lower part of the stem usually entire to tripartite scale leaves; lamina papyraceous when dry, oblong to elliptic or subobovate, sometimes subcircular, (0.5–)2–15 × (0.3–)1–5 cm., apex obtuse to acute or subacuminate, sometimes rounded, base cuneate to attenuate or obtuse, margin ± rregularly rather coarsely dentate-crenate to denticulate; upper surface smooth, puberulous to strigillose, lower surface puberulous; lateral veins 4–12(–14) pairs; petiole 0.3–2 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules narrowly triangular to subulate, up to 1.5(–4) mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000065831 morphology 27667C24-24F8-4100-A9D2-E47F1D09E8F2 Capitula many, in lax leafy panicles to 45 cm long; involucre 8–15 mm long; phyllaries purplish to almost black, ovate (outer) to linear (inner), 2.5–14 mm long, acute to obtuse, with apical hair tufts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227878-1 wfo-0000065831 morphology 27667C24-24F8-4100-A9D2-E47F1D09E8F2 Florets 3–5 per capitulum; corolla yellow (rarely mauve), tube ± 5 mm long, distally pilose, ligules ± 7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227878-1 wfo-0000065831 morphology 27667C24-24F8-4100-A9D2-E47F1D09E8F2 Achenes ellipsoid, somewhat flattened, 4.5–6.5 mm long including a beak of 1 mm; pappus white, 6.5–7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227878-1 wfo-0000065831 morphology 27667C24-24F8-4100-A9D2-E47F1D09E8F2 Fig. 20/9 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:227878-1 wfo-0000004530 morphology E1213000-6A2A-4936-AEDE-A25FDA417293 Climbing herb, 4–6 m high; stem striate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:239596-1 wfo-0000004530 morphology E1213000-6A2A-4936-AEDE-A25FDA417293 Leaves subpeltate, ovate, 4–12 cm long, 2.5–5 cm wide, base rounded, margins glandular-denticulate to dentate, apex attenuate, sparsely pilose with purplish hairs to glabrous; petiole inserted 1–2 cm from the base of the leaf, 1.5–6 cm long; venation palmate, from the petiole insertion point. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:239596-1 wfo-0000004530 morphology E1213000-6A2A-4936-AEDE-A25FDA417293 Capitula in pendulous, lax leafy panicles 10–30 cm long; involucre 11–14 mm long; phyllaries ovate (outermost) to lanceolate, 1–14 mm long, acute or obtuse, distally ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:239596-1 wfo-0000004530 morphology E1213000-6A2A-4936-AEDE-A25FDA417293 Florets 5–7 per capitulum; corolla pink, tube cylindric, 6–8 mm long, lobes 6–8 mm long, 1–2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:239596-1 wfo-0000004530 morphology E1213000-6A2A-4936-AEDE-A25FDA417293 Achenes yellow-brown, cylindric but 12-ribbed, 4–5 mm long, not beaked, glabrous; pappus white or cream, 9–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:239596-1 wfo-0000004530 morphology E1213000-6A2A-4936-AEDE-A25FDA417293 Fig. 22. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:239596-1 wfo-0000137866 morphology D9FE0E2A-05CA-4F68-A463-57DA21FE563E Annual herb, from almost acaulescent to 60 cm high; stems erect, hardly branched, striate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241247-1 wfo-0000137866 morphology D9FE0E2A-05CA-4F68-A463-57DA21FE563E Leaves at first forming a rosette, eventually all cauline, somewhat glaucous, sometimes described as slightly succulent, oblanceolate in outline, 2–14 cm long, 0.7–4 cm wide, base auriculate with toothed, rounded auricles, margins dentate, pinnatilobed or pinnatifid with white spinules all along the margins, apex attenuate to acute, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241247-1 wfo-0000137866 morphology D9FE0E2A-05CA-4F68-A463-57DA21FE563E Capitula terminal, solitary or paired, on swollen stalks to 26 cm long, these becoming corky at the fruiting stage; involucre 8–18 mm long; phyllaries ovate (outermost) to lanceolate, 5–17 mm long, with broad scarious margins, apiculate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241247-1 wfo-0000137866 morphology D9FE0E2A-05CA-4F68-A463-57DA21FE563E Corolla yellow, sometimes with purple base or the outermost with reddish or purplish tips, tube cylindric, 3.5–8.5 mm long, ligules 5–11 mm long, 0.5–2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241247-1 wfo-0000137866 morphology D9FE0E2A-05CA-4F68-A463-57DA21FE563E Achenes whitish, ellipsoid, 1.5–4 mm long, tuberculate; pappus white, 6–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241247-1 wfo-0000137866 morphology D9FE0E2A-05CA-4F68-A463-57DA21FE563E Fig. 23. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:241247-1 wfo-0000073718 morphology 05C858D8-8AB7-43BF-BED4-72CD85258911 Perennial dwarf rosette herb; root woody, swollen, with milky juice; stem very short to 1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201256-1 wfo-0000073718 morphology 05C858D8-8AB7-43BF-BED4-72CD85258911 Leaves closely appressed to soil, lanceolate, 2–7 cm long, 0.5–2 cm wide, base narrowing into a short winged pseudopetiole, margins entire or remotely denticulate, apex obtuse and mucronate, glabrous or sparsely puberulous on the abaxial midrib and margins; midrib pale and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201256-1 wfo-0000073718 morphology 05C858D8-8AB7-43BF-BED4-72CD85258911 Capitula solitary or less often in pairs, sessile or nearly so; involucre 12–18 mm long; phyllaries subequal, lanceolate, 11–18 mm, obtuse, minutely ciliate distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201256-1 wfo-0000073718 morphology 05C858D8-8AB7-43BF-BED4-72CD85258911 Corolla yellow, tube narrowly cylindric, 5.3–7 mm long, ligule 1.5–4 mm long, 0.4–1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201256-1 wfo-0000073718 morphology 05C858D8-8AB7-43BF-BED4-72CD85258911 Achenes dark brown, 2.5 mm long, flattened and narrowly ellipsoid, slightly ribbed, glabrous; pappus white, 6.5–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201256-1 wfo-0000073718 morphology 05C858D8-8AB7-43BF-BED4-72CD85258911 Fig. 24 (p. 91). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201256-1 wfo-0000119231 morphology D5018370-EC34-45AD-9EC9-BA2944F0801B Perennial dwarf herb with annual shoots, 7–35(–70) cm high; rhizome vertical, root-crown with a few reduced leaves; stems sparsely puberulous, glabrescent, but lanate just below the capitulum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250058-1 wfo-0000119231 morphology D5018370-EC34-45AD-9EC9-BA2944F0801B Leaves narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, sometimes pinnatifid, 5–20 cm long, 1–5 cm wide (including the lobes), base amplexicaul and auriculate, margins entire or dentate, lobes (when present) narrowly triangular, to 2 cm long, apex acute, glabrous or with some hairs near the base; midrib wide, sometimes reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250058-1 wfo-0000119231 morphology D5018370-EC34-45AD-9EC9-BA2944F0801B Capitula few, in lax leafy panicles; involucre 16–20 mm long, ± cylindric; phyllaries lanceolate, 3–20 mm long, acute, white-tomentose near the base, otherwise glabrous, margins of innermost membranous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250058-1 wfo-0000119231 morphology D5018370-EC34-45AD-9EC9-BA2944F0801B Florets ± 65; corolla yellow, the outermost purplish beneath, tube cylindric, 9–11 mm long, ligule 4–6 mm long, 1–1.3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250058-1 wfo-0000119231 morphology D5018370-EC34-45AD-9EC9-BA2944F0801B Achenes brown, narrowly obovoid, flattened, 4.5–5 mm long, ribbed; pappus white, 9–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250058-1 wfo-0000006783 morphology 365EBFB7-B0BB-454E-B1D5-DB97E01D2257 Perennial herb, 5–100 cm high, branched; taproot stout, with white latex, root-crown with reduced leaves; stems glabrous except for the part closest to the capitulum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250358-1 wfo-0000006783 morphology 365EBFB7-B0BB-454E-B1D5-DB97E01D2257 Leaves grey-green, linear, 3.5–13 cm long, 0.2–0.5 cm wide, base attenuate to sagittate-auriculate, margins entire or remotely denticulate, apex attenuate, glabrous or very sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250358-1 wfo-0000006783 morphology 365EBFB7-B0BB-454E-B1D5-DB97E01D2257 Capitula solitary or up to 3 in lax leafy cymes, the very base tomentose; involucre 12–17 mm long; phyllaries tinged purple, lanceolate, 4–17 mm long, margins membranous, entire or (in the outermost) spinulose, acute, distally ciliate, thickened at the base after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250358-1 wfo-0000006783 morphology 365EBFB7-B0BB-454E-B1D5-DB97E01D2257 Florets ± 100 per capitulum; corolla yellow, the outermost purplish beneath, tube 5–9.5 mm long, distally pilose, ligule 3.5–4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250358-1 wfo-0000006783 morphology 365EBFB7-B0BB-454E-B1D5-DB97E01D2257 Achenes brown, ellipsoid, flattened, 2.5–3.5 mm long, ribbed, rugose; pappus 6.5–8 mm long, ?persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250358-1 wfo-0000132037 morphology C3E73BDC-E76C-487F-BF87-5A228BEBEA13 Perennial herb with (sometimes annual) stems 0.5–2 m high, from a semi-woody vertical taproot; stems solitary, branching distally, proximally reddish, distally glaucous green and often with reddish lines, hollow, with copious white latex, glabrous except for the most distal parts near the capitula, which are white- or brown-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250336-1 wfo-0000132037 morphology C3E73BDC-E76C-487F-BF87-5A228BEBEA13 Leaves spreading in the proximal part of the stem, ascending in the distal part of the stem, dark green above, glaucous beneath, often with purplish margins, sessile, linear-elliptic to lanceolate, entire or pinnatilobed, 4–40 cm long, 0.5–4.5 cm wide (excl. the lobes), base sagittate-auriculate, the auricles up to 5 cm long, margins often revolute, entire, dentate or denticulate, when lobed with lobes few and often reflexed, to 5(–10) cm long and narrowly triangular, apex attenuate, midrib pale, glabrous or rarely sparsely glandular-pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250336-1 wfo-0000132037 morphology C3E73BDC-E76C-487F-BF87-5A228BEBEA13 Capitula solitary or 2–5 together in fairly tight clusters, these in turn arranged in lax leafy panicles or corymbs; involucre cylindric to campanulate, 12–20 mm long; phyllaries green, distally purplish or reddish, ovate to lanceolate, 2–17 mm long, acute or obtuse, the outer tomentose at base, pilose along the margins, sometimes slightly spinulose, the inner becoming more glabrous but distally minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250336-1 wfo-0000132037 morphology C3E73BDC-E76C-487F-BF87-5A228BEBEA13 Florets many per capitulum; corolla yellow, the outermost reddish beneath, tube 7.5–10 mm long, distally pilose, ligule 3–5 mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250336-1 wfo-0000132037 morphology C3E73BDC-E76C-487F-BF87-5A228BEBEA13 Achenes brown, narrowly ellipsoid, somewhat compressed, 2.8–3.8 mm long, ribbed, the ribs becoming corky and rugulose; pappus white, 9–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250336-1 wfo-0000003724 morphology F8AA2D7A-D9B1-4235-ABA8-6F629A75AF34 Perennial herb, usually weak-stemmed, from a stout rootstock, 0.4–1.5 m high; stems scrambling or straggly, to 9 m long; stems often reddish, hollow, glabrous or distally glandular-setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250041-1 wfo-0000003724 morphology F8AA2D7A-D9B1-4235-ABA8-6F629A75AF34 Leaves shiny above, glaucous beneath, sessile, linear-elliptic to lanceolate, 4–20 cm long, 0.2–1.6 cm wide, base attenuate and shortly sagittate in proximal leaves, in distal leaves semi-amplexicaul and sub-auriculate, margins entire or less often with recurved teeth or spinules, sometimes lobed with the lobes narrowly triangular and to 2 cm long, apex attenuate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250041-1 wfo-0000003724 morphology F8AA2D7A-D9B1-4235-ABA8-6F629A75AF34 Capitula solitary or in few-headed rather dense Groups, these in turn in lax leafy corymbs or panicles; stalks of individual capitula short, white-tomentose and sometimes with stalked glands extending further down the inflorescence; involucre cylindric to campanulate, eventually with reflexed phyllaries, 10–15(–18,K3) mm long; phyllaries green with reddish or purplish tinge or tips, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 2.5–13 mm long, obtuse, white-tomentose proximally, becoming more glabrous distally and on the inner phyllaries, distally ciliate, sometimes the outer and distal part of the inner glandular-setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250041-1 wfo-0000003724 morphology F8AA2D7A-D9B1-4235-ABA8-6F629A75AF34 Florets many per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 6–10 mm long, distally pilose; ligules 3–6.5 mm long, 0.5–1.2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250041-1 wfo-0000003724 morphology F8AA2D7A-D9B1-4235-ABA8-6F629A75AF34 Achenes pale or reddish brown, narrowly ellipsoid, slightly flattened, 2.5–3.5 mm long, ribbed, rugulose but glabrous; pappus white, 7–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250041-1 wfo-0000084888 morphology 30E5BFDB-54AA-486E-A649-36BEEC19365F Annual or short-lived perennial herb, erect and 0.2–2 m high or climbing to 6 m high; stems 1–several, branched from base, green or reddish, hollow, glabrous except for the most distal parts of the inflorescence, sometimes procumbent and up to 2 m long, sending up erect leafy shoots to 1 m high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250231-1 wfo-0000084888 morphology 30E5BFDB-54AA-486E-A649-36BEEC19365F Leaves grey-green, sessile, ovate or lanceolate in outline, the lower leaves usually pinnately lobed with narrow retrorse lobes, 5–20 cm long, 0.5–1.5 cm wide without the lobes, the lobes linear to triangular, 1–5 cm long, 0.3–2 cm wide, with 2–4 pairs of lobes, base briefly sagittate to auriculate, margins entire to dentate, apex acute to attenuate; the upper leaves usually entire or with few lobes, with a very broad base, 4–19 cm long, widest around the stem and there 1–5 cm wide, sagittate and broadly auriculate, margins (especially of the base) dentate, apex acute to attenuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250231-1 wfo-0000084888 morphology 30E5BFDB-54AA-486E-A649-36BEEC19365F Capitula several together in dense clusters, these arranged in lax leafy corymbs or panicles; capitula subsessile or shortly stalked, mature capitula surrounded by bud capitula, their bases and the upper part of the capitulum stalk with a white tomentum; involucre 12–16 mm long; phyllaries green with red-purple tinge on margins and apex, ovate to lanceolate, 3–15 mm long, obtuse, the outer proximally tomentose, the inner glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250231-1 wfo-0000084888 morphology 30E5BFDB-54AA-486E-A649-36BEEC19365F Florets many; corolla yellow, the outer orange beneath, tube cylindric, 8–9.5 mm long, distally pilose; ligule 4–6 mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250231-1 wfo-0000084888 morphology 30E5BFDB-54AA-486E-A649-36BEEC19365F Achenes pale brown, narrowly ellipsoid, slightly flattened, 3–4 mm long, angular and ribbed, rugulose, glabrous; pappus white, 8–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250231-1 wfo-0000016245 morphology CA7DD7E3-43FC-4CCD-B355-0E14BC503552 Perennial herb, 15–50 cm high; rhizome horizontal; stems unbranched except in the inflorescence, distally sparsely hairy, especially near the inflorescence where a patch of white or reddish tomentum subtends the involucre. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250012-1 wfo-0000016245 morphology CA7DD7E3-43FC-4CCD-B355-0E14BC503552 Leaves mostly in a rosette, lanceolate, 3–16 cm long, 0.8–2.5 cm wide, base attenuate, the very base slightly amplexicaul, margins dentate or lobed with triangular lobes to 6 mm long, apex obtuse to acute, glabrous; cauline leaves few, similar to basal leaves but with more sagittate base, widely spaced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250012-1 wfo-0000016245 morphology CA7DD7E3-43FC-4CCD-B355-0E14BC503552 Capitula solitary or up to 5 together in dense clusters; involucre 10–15 mm long; phyllaries green, the outer with dark margins and midrib, ovate to lanceolate, 3–15 mm long, acute or obtuse with a hair-tuft, the outermost tomentose near the base, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250012-1 wfo-0000016245 morphology CA7DD7E3-43FC-4CCD-B355-0E14BC503552 Florets many; corolla yellow, the outer purplish beneath, tube narrowly cylindric, 7.5–8 mm long, ligule 4.5–5 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250012-1 wfo-0000016245 morphology CA7DD7E3-43FC-4CCD-B355-0E14BC503552 Achenes dark brown to black, narrowly obovoid or ellipsoid, 3–4 mm long, slightly flattened, ribbed; pappus white, 7–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250012-1 wfo-0000069236 morphology 9A209DB5-2ABB-43A4-AA9D-E4549583697D Annual or biennial herb, 0.1–1.4 m high; stems (glaucous) green with reddish or purplish tinge, slightly succulent, hollow, stout and erect, simple or branched, ridged, glabrous or sometimes glandular-setose near the inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250268-1 wfo-0000069236 morphology 9A209DB5-2ABB-43A4-AA9D-E4549583697D Leaves dull green, often glaucous beneath, (ob-)lanceolate in outline, entire to pinnatilobed, 4–30 cm long, 1–9(–17) cm wide, base amplexicaul, auriculate with sagittate auricles, blade pinnatilobed to pinnatipartite, midrib narrowly winged and toothed, lobes few, reflexed, coarsely dentate, sometimes with spinulose teeth, the apical lobe ovate-hastate, apex rounded or acute, glabrous; distal leaves becoming smaller and less lobed to subentire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250268-1 wfo-0000069236 morphology 9A209DB5-2ABB-43A4-AA9D-E4549583697D Capitula few to many in lax leafy corymbs or panicles; involucre 10–13 mm long; phyllaries green with paler tips, lanceolate, 2.5–13 mm long, obtuse, glabrous but for the ciliate apex, or rarely glandular-setose on the midrib, the outer becoming swollen at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250268-1 wfo-0000069236 morphology 9A209DB5-2ABB-43A4-AA9D-E4549583697D Florets many; corolla yellow, tube cylindric, 6–7.5 mm long, ligule 5.5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250268-1 wfo-0000069236 morphology 9A209DB5-2ABB-43A4-AA9D-E4549583697D Achenes (reddish)brown, narrowly obovoid, slightly flattened, 2.5–4 mm long, ribbed, minutely muricate; pappus white, 7–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250268-1 wfo-0000069236 morphology 9A209DB5-2ABB-43A4-AA9D-E4549583697D Fig. 25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:250268-1 wfo-0000023795 morphology 447A7D3F-E45F-4636-B2FB-681385795D4C Acaulescent perennial herb; rootstock vertical, woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229067-1 wfo-0000023795 morphology 447A7D3F-E45F-4636-B2FB-681385795D4C Leaves in a rosette, obovate to spatulate, 2–9 cm long, 0.5–2 cm wide, base sheathing, margins entire to denticulate, apex acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229067-1 wfo-0000023795 morphology 447A7D3F-E45F-4636-B2FB-681385795D4C Inflorescence a domed tuft of branched flowering shoots to 10 cm high; involucre 13–16 mm long, phyllaries 2–16 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229067-1 wfo-0000023795 morphology 447A7D3F-E45F-4636-B2FB-681385795D4C Corolla yellow, often tinged purple, tube 9–10 mm long, ligule 7.5–9.2 mm long, 1.6–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229067-1 wfo-0000023795 morphology 447A7D3F-E45F-4636-B2FB-681385795D4C Achenes whitish, 5–6 mm long, ribbed, the marginal often compressed and slightly curved; pappus of ± deciduous setae 8–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229067-1 wfo-0000129192 morphology CF510197-6D8B-4E7C-BF0D-A08788A75CBC Perennial herb, with annual flowering shoots (10–)20–90 cm high from long fleshy taproot; root-crown(s) one to several, short-hairy to lanate; flowering stems one to several, greenish brown, slightly glaucous, often tinged with red, wiry, sparsely branched distally or densely branched, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229051-1 wfo-0000129192 morphology CF510197-6D8B-4E7C-BF0D-A08788A75CBC Leaves 2–6, in basal rosettes, usually appearing after flowering, green, glaucous beneath with reddish midrib and margins, (ob-)lanceolate to obovate, linear when young, 3–25(–35) cm long, 0.5–7 cm wide, base cuneate into a winged pseudopetiole to 3 cm long, margins entire to dentate to pinnatilobed, apex obtuse or acute, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229051-1 wfo-0000129192 morphology CF510197-6D8B-4E7C-BF0D-A08788A75CBC Capitula few to many, in dense or lax corymbs or panicles; stalks of individual capitula 0.5–4 cm long; involucre narrowly cylindric, 10–16 mm long, up to 19 mm in fruit; phyllaries erect, but eventually reflexed, green, often tinged red, the outer ovate and 1–6 mm long with scarious margins, becoming swollen at base, the inner linear-lanceolate, 8–19 mm long, acute or obtuse, with narrow scarious margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229051-1 wfo-0000129192 morphology CF510197-6D8B-4E7C-BF0D-A08788A75CBC Florets 6–25 per capitulum; corolla yellow, the ligule with faint pink stripe, the whole often becoming red or purple, tube narrowly cylindric, 6–10 mm long, pilose distally, ligule 3–8 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229051-1 wfo-0000129192 morphology CF510197-6D8B-4E7C-BF0D-A08788A75CBC Achenes red-brown, narrowly fusiform, 4–8 mm long, angular and finely ribbed, glabrous or minutely puberulous; pappus of white setae 7–10.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229051-1 wfo-0000003627 morphology 22F31C1B-6E04-406F-8838-1BBC82B955C9 Perennial stoloniferous herb; stems prostrate, to 1 m long, glabrous, rooting at the nodes and forming new rosettes there, usually unbranched; rootstock semi-woody, long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113642-3 wfo-0000003627 morphology 22F31C1B-6E04-406F-8838-1BBC82B955C9 Leaves few to many, crowded at stem base, in little fascicles at the nodes, glaucous, sub-succulent, oblanceolate to spatulate, 1–11(–14) cm long, 0.5–2.5(–3) cm wide, base attenuate, subauriculate at the stem, margins entire to denticulate, rarely lobed, apex rounded or obtuse, glabrous; the fascicles often subtended by two broadly ovate bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113642-3 wfo-0000003627 morphology 22F31C1B-6E04-406F-8838-1BBC82B955C9 Capitula solitary or few, from the root-crown, also at the nodes; stalks of individual capitula 1–3 cm long, simple, bracteate; involucre narrowly cylindric, 10–15 mm long; phyllaries green, lanceolate, 2–15 mm long, obtuse, glabrous or minutely ciliate distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113642-3 wfo-0000003627 morphology 22F31C1B-6E04-406F-8838-1BBC82B955C9 Florets 12–20 per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube 8 mm long, ligule 3–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113642-3 wfo-0000003627 morphology 22F31C1B-6E04-406F-8838-1BBC82B955C9 Achenes grey-brown, cylindric, 3.5–5 mm long, with slightly spongy ribs; pappus of fine setae 6–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113642-3 wfo-0000003627 morphology 22F31C1B-6E04-406F-8838-1BBC82B955C9 Fig. 26. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:113642-3 wfo-0000078105 morphology 938BE6B0-5E5C-4C3F-9BCA-FE11E91FD1E0 Annual or perennial herb, erect, 0.2–1.5 m high; rootstock often thick, fleshy and long; stem hollow, much-branched, often slightly succulent, glabrous, with milky juice. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229002-1 wfo-0000078105 morphology 938BE6B0-5E5C-4C3F-9BCA-FE11E91FD1E0 Leaves often glaucous, sessile, lanceolate to linear and sometimes pinnatilobed, 2–25 cm long, 0.3–4 cm wide (or up to 9 cm wide including the lobes), base attenuate to short-sagittate, margins entire to dentate, lobes (when present) in the proximal part of the leaf, narrowly triangular and 0.5–5 cm long, leaf and lobe apices acute, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229002-1 wfo-0000078105 morphology 938BE6B0-5E5C-4C3F-9BCA-FE11E91FD1E0 Capitula many, in lax panicles; stalks of individual capitula 2–25 mm long, sometimes pilose; involucre 7–10 mm long, cylindric to spreading; phyllaries green, often with purplish streak or apex, extending down the stalk, ovate to lanceolate, 2–10 mm long, acute or obtuse, often scattered-pilose, usually with a single glandular seta near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229002-1 wfo-0000078105 morphology 938BE6B0-5E5C-4C3F-9BCA-FE11E91FD1E0 Florets 10–25 per capitulum; corolla yellow or pale lemon yellow (rarely described as whitish), the outer ones with ligule with thin or broad purple or red streak(s), tube 3–4 mm long, ligule 6–8 mm long, 1.5–2.2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229002-1 wfo-0000078105 morphology 938BE6B0-5E5C-4C3F-9BCA-FE11E91FD1E0 Achenes pale brown, fusiform or narrowly obovoid, 2.5–4 mm long, many-ribbed with muricate ribs; pappus of white setae 4.5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229002-1 wfo-0000060783 morphology 955A6C0E-AB94-48A7-BF6E-A2067BC25C19 Perennial herb, erect, 20–50 cm high, with most leaves basal; stems 1–several per plant, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997832-1 wfo-0000060783 morphology 955A6C0E-AB94-48A7-BF6E-A2067BC25C19 Leaves mostly in a rosette, the cauline leaves few and smaller than the basal ones, glaucous, sessile, narrowly elliptic in outline, pinnatifid, 7–21 cm long, 0.5–2.5 cm wide (up to 5 cm wide including the lobes), base gradually narrowed (to semi-amplexicaul in the cauline leaves), margins denticulate and lobed with deltoid, often retrorse lobes to 15 mm long, apex acute, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997832-1 wfo-0000060783 morphology 955A6C0E-AB94-48A7-BF6E-A2067BC25C19 Capitula several–15 per flowering stem, solitary or few together and subsessile at the nodes or terminal in a spike or panicle; involucre cylindrical, 11–15 mm long; phyllaries ovate to lanceolate, extending down the stalk, 2–14 mm long, acute or obtuse, with membranous margins, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997832-1 wfo-0000060783 morphology 955A6C0E-AB94-48A7-BF6E-A2067BC25C19 Florets ± 20; corolla yellow, tube ± 9 mm long, ligule 7–8 mm long, 1.5–2.2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997832-1 wfo-0000060783 morphology 955A6C0E-AB94-48A7-BF6E-A2067BC25C19 Achenes cylindric and black (inner) to slightly compressed and pale brown (outer), 3–4 mm long, ribbed, glabrous; pappus white, 8–10 mm long, of mixed setae and fine hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997832-1 wfo-0000083220 morphology 2ECDC6B3-123A-488B-88BF-055FE69DFD9A Annual or biennial herb, erect, 0.3–2 m high; root system shallow; stems hollow, often purplish near the base, branching in the distal part of the plant, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229022-1 wfo-0000083220 morphology 2ECDC6B3-123A-488B-88BF-055FE69DFD9A Leaves crowded near the base or both basal and cauline, sessile, oblanceolate to broadly elliptic, often pinnatilobed with retrorse lobes, 4–30 cm long, 1.5–14 cm wide, base subauriculate, lobes deltoid, to 3 cm long, margins acicular-dentate, apex obtuse to rounded, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229022-1 wfo-0000083220 morphology 2ECDC6B3-123A-488B-88BF-055FE69DFD9A Capitula many, subsessile in large, lax panicles with long side branches; stalks of individual capitula 2–5 mm; involucre 10–12 mm long, conical-cylindric to spreading; phyllaries green, tinged with brown, ovate (outer) to lanceolate (inner), 1.5–12 mm, the outer extending down the stalk, acute, margins broad and hyaline, glabrous or minutely ciliate at the very apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229022-1 wfo-0000083220 morphology 2ECDC6B3-123A-488B-88BF-055FE69DFD9A Florets 20–26 per capitulum; corolla yellow or pale lemon yellow, the ligule drying purplish?, tube 6–8 mm long, distally pilose, ligule 4.5–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229022-1 wfo-0000083220 morphology 2ECDC6B3-123A-488B-88BF-055FE69DFD9A Achenes grey-black, subcylindric but slightly flattened, 3–4 mm long, with 4 main ribs and 8 thinner ones, all muricate, the apex narrowed into a beak up to 1 mm long; pappus white, 6–8 mm long, of mixed setae and downy hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229022-1 wfo-0000029622 morphology 02446ADC-F565-4C36-A886-2951A5B638EC Annual herb, erect, 1–2 m high; stem solitary, branching in the distal part of the plant, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229061-1 wfo-0000029622 morphology 02446ADC-F565-4C36-A886-2951A5B638EC Leaves cauline, sessile, oblanceolate to broadly elliptic, pinnatilobed with spreading lobes, 6–20 cm long, 2–10 cm wide, base subauriculate, lobes deltoid, to 4 cm long, margins dentate, apex obtuse and apiculate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229061-1 wfo-0000029622 morphology 02446ADC-F565-4C36-A886-2951A5B638EC Capitula many, subsessile in large, lax panicles with long side branches; stalks of individual capitula 1–10 mm, sometimes pilose; involucre 10–12 mm long, conical-cylindric to spreading; phyllaries green, tinged with brown, ovate (outer) to lanceolate (inner), 1.5–12 mm, the outer extending down the stalk, acute, margins not or hardly hyaline, glabrous or minutely ciliate at the very apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229061-1 wfo-0000029622 morphology 02446ADC-F565-4C36-A886-2951A5B638EC Corolla yellow, tube 4–5.5 mm long, distally pilose, ligule 5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229061-1 wfo-0000029622 morphology 02446ADC-F565-4C36-A886-2951A5B638EC Achenes grey, fusiform, 2.5–3 mm long, with 4 main ribs and 8 thinner ones, all muricate, the apex slightly narrowed; pappus white, 7–8 mm long, of mixed setae and downy hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229061-1 wfo-0000024500 morphology BE4835F0-1A0A-48BA-AB32-C2739DF7790B Bushy perennial herb, 10–50 cm high, with a fleshy taproot and a rosette of leaves; stems glaucous, densely dichotomously branched and slightly succulent, glabrous, sometimes called spine-tipped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229020-1 wfo-0000024500 morphology BE4835F0-1A0A-48BA-AB32-C2739DF7790B Leaves all close together near the base of the plant, sometimes some small cauline leaves present higher up the stem, glaucous, pinnatilobed with linear rachis and lobes, 3–12 cm long, the segments 0.2–0.5 cm wide, base half-amplexicaul, margins entire or denticulate, lobes 0.5–3 cm long, apex mucronate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229020-1 wfo-0000024500 morphology BE4835F0-1A0A-48BA-AB32-C2739DF7790B Capitula many, each solitary and terminal on its branch of the dense, divaricate cyme; branches of the inflorescence stout and stiff; involucre cylindric to conical, 11–15 mm long; phyllaries grey-green, the outermost sometimes reddish, ovate and 2–7 mm (outer) or lanceolate and 11–15 mm long (inner), margins broad-hyaline, apex acute or obtuse and slightly ciliate, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229020-1 wfo-0000024500 morphology BE4835F0-1A0A-48BA-AB32-C2739DF7790B Florets < 20; corolla yellow or lemon-yellow, tube cylindric, 7–8 mm long, ligule 7–10 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229020-1 wfo-0000024500 morphology BE4835F0-1A0A-48BA-AB32-C2739DF7790B Achenes pale brown, cylindric, 4 mm long, not beaked, ?ribbed; pappus white, 9–13 mm long, of mixed hairs and setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:229020-1 wfo-0000132275 morphology 74F3FF81-81F8-4E12-BB8A-20F1748F3FD5 Perennial herb 15–50 cm high, with 1–few leaf rosettes, each with 1–few erect leafy or leafless flowering stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997833-1 wfo-0000132275 morphology 74F3FF81-81F8-4E12-BB8A-20F1748F3FD5 Rosette leaves lanceolate to spatulate, 3–9 cm long, (0.5–)1–3 cm wide, base semi-amplexicaul, margins sinuate-dentate to pinnatifid; cauline leaves similar, reduced towards inflorescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997833-1 wfo-0000132275 morphology 74F3FF81-81F8-4E12-BB8A-20F1748F3FD5 Capitula several in monopodial cymes; involucre 7–11 mm long; phyllaries lanceolate, 1–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997833-1 wfo-0000132275 morphology 74F3FF81-81F8-4E12-BB8A-20F1748F3FD5 Florets 7–12 per capitulum; corolla yellow, tube 3.6–4.8 mm long, ligule 6.5–9 mm long, 1.5–1.9 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997833-1 wfo-0000132275 morphology 74F3FF81-81F8-4E12-BB8A-20F1748F3FD5 Achenes 2–3.6 mm long, ribbed; pappus 4–6 mm long, of downy hairs and setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:997833-1 wfo-0000063680 morphology A0FA0368-A78A-42FA-BEFE-7CB8865C1BDF Erect annual herb 30-150 cm tall; stems often flushed pink, striate, finely ascending-pubescent, also glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934980-1 wfo-0000063680 morphology A0FA0368-A78A-42FA-BEFE-7CB8865C1BDF Leaves narrowly ovate, 5-16 cm long, 0.8-3.2 cm wide, base cuneate, margins serrate to obscurely dentate, apex acute, sparsely ascending-pubescent mainly on main veins to almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934980-1 wfo-0000063680 morphology A0FA0368-A78A-42FA-BEFE-7CB8865C1BDF Capitula in lax spreading compound corymbiform or paniculiform cymes with spreading branches; stalks of individual capitula slender, 1-18 mm long, sparsely ascending-pubescent; involucre turbinate, becoming hemispherical, 2.5-3.5 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, acuminate-attenuate, the very tip purplish, glandular, ciliate, 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934980-1 wfo-0000063680 morphology A0FA0368-A78A-42FA-BEFE-7CB8865C1BDF Florets 20-27 per capitulum; corolla mauve or blue, rarely white, exserted, glandular, infundibuliform, 2-3.2 mm long, slightly hairy, lobes 0.9-1.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934980-1 wfo-0000063680 morphology A0FA0368-A78A-42FA-BEFE-7CB8865C1BDF Achenes 1-1.3 mm long, 4-6-ribbed, very shortly rimmed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934980-1 wfo-0000094878 morphology EE3338A0-AFD6-468B-A0BB-4DC0A4085FF9 Erect perennial herb 0.6-1 m tall, rhizomatous or stoloniferous at the base, occasionally branching from the base; stems usually solitary, sparsely ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934978-1 wfo-0000094878 morphology EE3338A0-AFD6-468B-A0BB-4DC0A4085FF9 Leaves sessile, narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 7.5-16 cm long, 0.8-2.6 cm wide, base cuneate, margins serrate or obscurely serrate, apex acute or minutely obtuse, sparsely finely ascending-pubescent especially on the veins, somewhat glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934978-1 wfo-0000094878 morphology EE3338A0-AFD6-468B-A0BB-4DC0A4085FF9 Capitula in upper axillary lax corymbose scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula absent or up to 13 mm long; involucres hemispherical-turbinate, 2-2.5 mm long; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, sometimes purplish at the apex, elliptic-oblong, 1.5-2 mm long, rounded, ciliate, with scarious margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934978-1 wfo-0000094878 morphology EE3338A0-AFD6-468B-A0BB-4DC0A4085FF9 Florets 18-25 per capitulum; corolla pale lilac to purple, 3-5 mm long, limb urceolate, lobes 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934978-1 wfo-0000094878 morphology EE3338A0-AFD6-468B-A0BB-4DC0A4085FF9 Achenes obconical, 2 mm long, 4-5-ribbed, truncate, with short apical rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934978-1 wfo-0000094878 morphology EE3338A0-AFD6-468B-A0BB-4DC0A4085FF9 Fig. 28/5 (floret). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934978-1 wfo-0000115291 morphology 5046BB02-EF12-489A-82C7-966213F97A40 Erect branched herb 20-150 cm tall, stems shortly ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205248-1 wfo-0000115291 morphology 5046BB02-EF12-489A-82C7-966213F97A40 Leaves narrowly ovate, 2.3-10.5 cm long, 0.3-2 cm wide, base cuneate, margins serrate or sparsely dentate, apex acute, thinly shortly pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205248-1 wfo-0000115291 morphology 5046BB02-EF12-489A-82C7-966213F97A40 Capitula in rather lax compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula (0-)1-7 mm long, densely ascending-pubescent; involucre campanulate or slightly urceolate, 1.7-2.5 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, dark-tipped, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 2-3 mm long, acute to acuminate with purplish tip, the margins ciliate and scarious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205248-1 wfo-0000115291 morphology 5046BB02-EF12-489A-82C7-966213F97A40 Florets 18-29 per capitulum; corolla mauve, lilac or purple, 2.2-2.5 mm long, lobes 1-1.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205248-1 wfo-0000115291 morphology 5046BB02-EF12-489A-82C7-966213F97A40 Achenes subcylindric, 1-1.7 mm long, 4-6-ribbed, with short apical rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205248-1 wfo-0000075095 morphology 9BAA0F93-2DFD-45EB-B6C5-D3AEFD55EEAD Erect annual herb 30-120 cm high, aromatic; stems laxly branched, sparsely ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205232-1 wfo-0000075095 morphology 9BAA0F93-2DFD-45EB-B6C5-D3AEFD55EEAD Leaves bright green, narrowly ovate or narrowly obovate, 3-16 cm long, 0.5-2 cm wide, usually long-attenuate and (especially the lower) petioloid at the base, margins serrate or remotely serrate, rather long-attenuate at the apex, shortly sparsely silky-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205232-1 wfo-0000075095 morphology 9BAA0F93-2DFD-45EB-B6C5-D3AEFD55EEAD Capitula in rather lax terminal compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender, ascending-pubescent with silky hairs; involucre hemispherical or turbinate-hemispherical, 2 mm in diameter at flowering time, to 3 mm in fruit; phyllaries 2-4-seriate, oblong or ovate, 1.5-2 mm long, dark at the centre in upper part, otherwise pallid, ciliate, obtuse to acute, glandular and sometimes pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205232-1 wfo-0000075095 morphology 9BAA0F93-2DFD-45EB-B6C5-D3AEFD55EEAD Florets much-exserted, 18-27 per capitulum; corolla pale to bright purple or mauve, 2-3.8 mm long, tube glandular and sparsely hairy, limb infundibuliform, lobes 1-1.4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205232-1 wfo-0000075095 morphology 9BAA0F93-2DFD-45EB-B6C5-D3AEFD55EEAD Achenes turbinate, 1-1.3 mm long, 4-5-ribbed, very shortly rimmed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205232-1 wfo-0000084098 morphology 393048B2-F146-43AF-9480-36F269D1508C Branching herb, presumably annual; stems tough, slender, shortly ascending-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934981-1 wfo-0000084098 morphology 393048B2-F146-43AF-9480-36F269D1508C Leaves narrowly obovate, 3-7 cm long, 0.3-1 cm wide, long-attenuate at the base, remotely obscurely serrate to almost entire, apex acute to obtuse, almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934981-1 wfo-0000084098 morphology 393048B2-F146-43AF-9480-36F269D1508C Capitula in lax, much-branched compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender, rather sparsely ascending-pubescent; involucre turbinate, 1.5 mm in diameter at flowering time, to 2.5 mm in fruit; phyllaries 3-seriate, obovate, ± 2 mm long, obtusely acuminate, dark green in centre towards apex, glandular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934981-1 wfo-0000084098 morphology 393048B2-F146-43AF-9480-36F269D1508C Florets 9-13 per capitulum; corolla purple, 2.5 mm long, glandular, lobes 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934981-1 wfo-0000084098 morphology 393048B2-F146-43AF-9480-36F269D1508C Achenes turbinate, 0.7-0.8 mm long, 5-6-ribbed, with a very short apical rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934981-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Corolla strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Stamens 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-0000196265 morphology 0DDA2CD4-F7C3-446A-9C75-8BD85AAFA3B7 Pods straight, 10–15 mm. long, 1.6 mm. wide, 1.2 mm. thick, densely covered both with rather spreading white medifixed hairs and with erect glandular hairs up to 0.6 mm. long, 6–8-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500177-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Erect bushy herb 0.5–2 m. tall, covered throughout, but not densely, with white appressed or spreading biramous hairs and also, almost everywhere, with erect multicellular glandular hairs up to 2 or even 3 or 4 mm. long on the stems and 1 or 1.2 mm. on the fruits, but shorter on the inflorescences, flowers and leaves, where they occur on the leaflet-margins as well as on the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Stipules green, linear-lanceolate, spreading, up to 4 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 8 cm. long, including a petiole which is usually longer than the basal leaflets; leaflets up to 15 or 19 or rarely 23, elliptic, 1.5–2.5 times as long as wide, up to 12 mm. long and 7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Racemes 10–20-flowered, usually rather longer than the subtending leaf; peduncle 1–1.5 cm., less than half as long as the rest of the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Calyx deeply divided, 0.5–0.9 times as long as the filaments, which are 3.5–4.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Style 2–3 mm. long, more or less abruptly bent through 90° near the middle, hardly thickened at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Pod spreading, straight, up to 16 (rarely 18) mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide, densely covered with erect multicellular hairs ± 1 or 1.2 mm. long, 6–10-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000196465 morphology FD715BD2-0A20-46A3-BBC5-8C50E1CA73F4 Fig. 41/15, 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500201-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Erect or spreading annual or short-lived perennial herb, 10–90 cm. tall, covered throughout, but not densely, with white appressed or spreading biramous hairs and in most parts also with erect multicellular glandular hairs which are up to 1.2 (rarely 2 or 3) mm. long on the stems and up to 0.5 or 0.6 mm. on the pods and which occur on the leaflet-margins as well as on the leaf-rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Stipules linear-lanceolate, spreading, up to 4 mm. long; leaf-rhachis prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets, up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole longer than the basal leaflets; leaflets 9–11 or rarely up to 15, elliptic-oblong, 2–3 times as long as wide, up to 14 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Racemes 7–20-flowered, about as long as or shorter than the subtending leaf, the peduncle up to 7 or 12 mm. long, much shorter than the rest of the rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Calyx deeply divided, 0.4–0.7 times as long as the filaments which are 3–3.5, or rarely 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Corolla white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Style 1.2–1.6 mm. long, slightly curved, sloping upwards at about 45° from the somewhat thickened base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Pod spreading, straight, up to 18 or occasionally 23 mm. long, ±1.8 mm. wide, more or less densely covered with erect multicellular hairs which are not above 0.5 or 0.6 mm. long, 8–14-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000191247 morphology 6B03CF3C-1E47-406C-B609-01B95E234090 Fig. 41/1–14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1 wfo-0000190852 morphology 02B50ED1-DB2C-46C8-B210-6EB3141D5C2C Erect annual herb up to 35 cm. tall, everywhere covered with a sparse or dense indumentum of white, more or less appressed biramous hairs; rather short erect multicellular gland-tipped hairs nearly always also occur, which are up to 0.6 or rarely 1 mm. long on the stems and leaf-rhachis, up to 0.3 or rarely 1 mm. on the pod; such hairs are never found on the leaflets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499065-1 wfo-0000190852 morphology 02B50ED1-DB2C-46C8-B210-6EB3141D5C2C Leaves 7–11 (rarely –15)-foliolate; stipules linear-filiform, erect or spreading, up to 4 mm. long; rhachis prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets, up to 4 cm. long, including a petiole longer than the basal leaflets; leaflets up to 15 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, 2.6 to 6 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499065-1 wfo-0000190852 morphology 02B50ED1-DB2C-46C8-B210-6EB3141D5C2C Racemes 6–20-flowered, about as long as the subtending leaf, the peduncle, at least in the fruiting state, shorter than the rest of the axis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499065-1 wfo-0000190852 morphology 02B50ED1-DB2C-46C8-B210-6EB3141D5C2C Calyx deeply divided, 0.6–1 times as long as the 2.3–3 mm. long filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499065-1 wfo-0000190852 morphology 02B50ED1-DB2C-46C8-B210-6EB3141D5C2C Style 0.7–1 mm. long, bent up through 50–90° near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499065-1 wfo-0000190852 morphology 02B50ED1-DB2C-46C8-B210-6EB3141D5C2C Pod straight, spreading, 10–18 mm. long, ± 1.6 mm. wide, 9–13-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499065-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Annual up to 40 cm. tall with a rather sparse indumentum of more or less appressed white biramous hairs and also numerous rather long slender erect yellowish or reddish multicellular hairs, which may or may not be obscurely gland-tipped, and are 1–3 mm. long on the stems, 0.8–1.5 mm. long on the leaf-rhachis, inflorescence-axis, calyx and fruit and absent from the leaflets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Leaves 7–15-foliolate; stipules linear-filiform, spreading, up to 6 mm. long; rhachis up to 4 cm. long including a petiole of 10–16 mm. usually longer than the basal leaflets, prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 7–10 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, 2–5 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Racemes 10–30-flowered, up to 4 cm. long, rather lax in the fruiting stage, the peduncle shorter than the fertile portion of the axis; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 2 mm. long, caducous; pedicels up to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Calyx ± 2 mm. long, deeply divided for most of its length into subulate-filiform lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Corolla pubescent outside, ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Stamens 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Style bent sharply upwards, 1.2–1.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Pod straight, spreading, 7–12 mm. long, ±1.5 mm. wide and thick; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000190917 morphology 3EAF7993-1CF2-4F37-ABD8-B61FD094F442 Seeds 4–8. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499074-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Stout erect annual up to 130 cm. tall; stems rather densely covered with white somewhat crisped biramous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Stipules spreading, subulate-setaceous, up to 6 mm. long; rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a 10–15 mm. petiole, prolonged up to 3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 11–15, elliptic, up to 15 mm. long and 7 mm. wide, with short fine ± appressed hairs above and longer stouter hairs beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Racemes densely many-flowered, up to 8 cm. long, including a peduncle of 2–2.5 cm., the flowers all turned to one side; bracts setose, linear, ± 2 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Calyx setose and with short glandular hairs, ± 4 mm. long; lobes triangular with blackish setaceous tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Corolla strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Stamens ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000195119 morphology 33DC12F2-F5C3-4B4C-A863-2E7311E1F964 Pods oval-oblong, ± 4 mm. long, 2.4 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick, densely covered with short white biramous hairs as well as erect multicellular hairs, 2-seeded; endocarp spotted, especially at the septa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499971-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Annual herb 20–60 cm. tall; branches reddish, rather closely covered, as are the racemes and pods, with short erect brown glandular hairs as well as longer white adpressed medifixed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Stipules subulate, up to 4 mm. long; rhachis up to 35 mm. long, including a petiole of 9–12 mm., prolonged up to 3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 9–13, narrowly obovate or elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex, up to 12 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, free from glandular hairs, appressed pilose above, strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Racemes 10–20-flowered, up to 25 mm. long, including a peduncle of 5–7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Calyx 2.5 mm. long; lobes narrowly deltoid-acuminate, much longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000191555 morphology 4723C432-A6CD-4638-851D-B81CA5607D67 Fruit curved into a semicircle, ± 17 mm. long, 1.4 mm. wide and 0.9 mm. thick, densely covered with reddish glandular hairs up to 0.7 mm. long, as well as appressed white medifixed hairs, 9–12-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499203-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Erect slender annual up to 0.3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Stems and leaf-rhachides with rather sparse stiff appressed biramous hairs and in addition a few very short erect glandular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Stipules linear, ± 1 mm. long; rhachis, including a petiole of up to 8 mm., up to 25 mm. long, prolonged ± 1 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–17, oblong-lanceolate, up to 10 mm. long and 2.5 mm. wide, strigose beneath, strigulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Racemes 3–10-flowered, up to 3 cm. long including a peduncle of 4–7 mm.; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, erect or slightly spreading in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Calyx strigose; tube 0.7 mm. long; lobes subulate, ± 1.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Filaments 2–2.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Style 1–1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000193733 morphology AEE89566-9BB6-4086-A42B-65A0ADE3AF49 Pod straight, erect or spreading, 10–15 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.3 mm. thick, densely covered with short stiff appressed hairs, 6–9-seeded; endocarp rather faintly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499668-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Erect branching annual up to 30 cm. tall; stems slender, covered with ± appressed white biramous hairs, and usually also having a few rather long erect multicellular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Leaves free from multicellular hairs; stipules spreading, subulate, setaceous, ± 4 mm. long; rhachis up to 25 mm. long, including a petiole of 4–10 mm., prolonged 2–4 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–9(very rarely –11), narrowly elliptic-oblong, up to 16 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, strigulose above, strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Raceme free from multicellular hairs, 8–15-flowered, up to 4 cm. long including a peduncle of ± 1 cm.; bracts ± 1 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Calyx strigulose, 2–3 mm. long; lobes setaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Style 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000191906 morphology 596FE6C8-12FC-453D-8CB9-B31037F39502 Pods cylindrical, up to 10 mm. long, ±1.5 mm. wide, densely and stiffly white strigulose, free from multicellular hairs, ± 6-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499286-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Perennial herb with a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Stems stout, reddish, hispid, erect or spreading, up to 40 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Leaves 1-foliolate; stipules ± 1 mm. wide at the base, up to 1 cm. long, hispid; petiole up to 8 mm. long, jointed ± 1 mm. below the top, with a pair of thread-like stipellae at the joint; blade ovate-oblong or oblong-elliptic, up to 7 cm. long and 2.6 cm. wide, broadly cuneate at the base, ± rounded at the apex, stiffly white pubescent on both surfaces; midrib and 8–9 lateral nerves prominent and fulvous-hispid beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Raceme many-flowered, fulvous-hispid, shorter than the subtending leaf, up to 3 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 6 mm.; bracts caducous, narrowly lanceolate, up to 5 mm. long; pedicels 1–1.5 mm. long, spreading in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Calyx fulvous-hispid, 4–5 mm. long, divided almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Standard white appressed strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Filaments ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000192600 morphology B8F66324-4033-450F-804D-F516DC0106A7 Pods straight, spreading horizontally, up to 11 mm. long, densely covered with short white hairs, ± 4-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499443-1 wfo-0000195780 morphology A42DD45F-C828-4BAD-B849-D118101D74FA Differs from I. hermannioïdes in the branches being strictly prostrate, the petioles shorter (up to 4 mm. long), the leaflets shorter (up to 4 cm. long and 2.7 cm. wide), cordate, truncate or broadly cuneate at the base, and the inflorescence occasionally branched, exceeding the subtending leaf, up to 14 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 4 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500075-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Erect somewhat woody herb 0.6–1.3 m. tall; stems reddish, appressed strigulose with hairs ± 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Stipules falcate-subulate, reflexed; leaf-rhachis up to 3 cm. long, prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; petiole and gap between the 2 lower leaflet pairs each ± 1 mm. long so that 4 leaflets are crowded together at the base of the leaf; stipellae well developed; leaflets 9–15, elliptic or cuneate-oblong, up to 10 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, strigulose with short hairs only above, both short and long beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Racemes many-flowered, up to 11 cm. long, including a peduncle of 10–15 mm.; bracts lanceolate-linear, ±1.5 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels up to 2 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Calyx strigulose, 2–2.5 mm. long, deeply divided; lobes subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Corolla densely strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Pod subtetragonal, faintly torulose, 15–20 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and thick, sparsely strigulose, 7–11-seeded; endocarp hardly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000196133 morphology BBD6483F-8536-4ED3-BE9B-BA9C48C35F21 Seeds not pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500144-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Annual up to 50 cm. tall; stems reddish, appressed pubescent with short soft white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Stipules lanceolate-subulate, 3–4 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 2 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–2 mm., prolonged 1–2 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; dark filiform stipellae 0.3–1 mm. long sometimes present; leaflets 9–11 in the lower leaves, usually 7 in the leaves subtending inflorescences, elliptic, apiculate, up to 8 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Racemes pubescent with short white hairs, up to 4 or 5 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 8 mm.; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1.5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels spreading, 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Calyx white strigulose; tube 1 mm. long; lobes subulate, 2–2.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Corolla white pubescent outside; standard suborbicular, 4 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Filaments 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Ovary 1 mm. long, 2-ovulate; style 3.5 mm. long, curved through 50° 2.5 mm. above the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195634 morphology A06AFCD1-A597-4767-9DEE-F451C28F021F Pod ± 5 mm. long by 1.5 mm. wide, ending in a subulate tip (the persistent style-base), white strigulose, 2-seeded; endocarp hardly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500061-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Taprooted branching prostrate or ascending annual, up to 60 cm. tall; stems, leaves and inflorescence appressed strigulose, usually rather densely so, usually a characteristic greenish-yellow when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Stipules subulate-setaceous, 2–4 mm. long; rhachis, including a petiole of 1–7 mm., up to 5 cm. long, usually prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 7–17 (rarely –21), elliptic-oblong or linear-lanceolate, acute or rounded at the apex, up to 12 or rarely 17 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Racemes 1–6 cm. long, 5–20-flowered; bracts linear-lanceolate, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Calyx more than half as long as stamens, strigose, divided almost to the base; lobes subulate-setaceous, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Corolla pubescent or strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Stamens 3–4(rarely 5) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000195579 morphology F904B48F-0829-4738-B8A0-DB4AF0E6D977 Pod erect or spreading or, less often, somewhat reflexed, 15–20 mm. long, ± 1.7 mm. wide and 1.4 mm. thick, densely strigulose, 7–13-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500051-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Shrubby herb up to 1.3 m. tall; branches reddish, strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Stipules subulate, ± 1.5 mm. long; rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of 5–12 mm., prolonged 3–5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–13, elliptic-oblong, up to 9 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, strigose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Racemes many-flowered, up to 14 cm. long in fruit, including a peduncle of ± 5 mm.; bracts lanceolate, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Calyx ± 1.5–2 mm. long, divided to the middle, shorter above than below; lobes triangular, with subulate tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Corolla appressed strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000196392 morphology 85D8AAFB-D5B3-4002-9C99-118D37C05FD8 Pod subcylindrical, 9–18 mm. long, ± 1.5 mm. wide, strigulose, 7–8-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500190-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Shrubby herb up to 3 m. tall; young branches purplish, densely covered with short white biramous hairs spreading at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Stipules narrowly triangular, erect, up to 1.5 mm. long; leaf-rhachis, including the 2–5 mm. petiole, up to 25 mm. long, prolonged 2–5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–9, narrowly oblong-elliptic, mucronate, up to 15 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, appressed strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Racemes many-flowered, up to 7 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 12 mm.; bracts lanceolate, ±1.5 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Calyx appressed silky puberulent with both white and golden-brown hairs, ± 2 mm. long; lobes narrowly triangular, 1.5 mm. long, spreading like a star in the fruiting stage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Corolla appressed puberulent outside with both white and golden hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Style ± 3.5 mm. long, curved through 90° rather above the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Pods spreading, subcylindrical, ending in a beak 0.5 mm. long, up to 20 mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide, their pale brown colour not hidden by the short crisped white hairs, 2–7-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000190497 morphology 61FFBA63-9BF9-4F1A-91A4-EDDE6CA9F7E2 Seeds ellipsoid, golden-brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499006-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Bushy herb up to 1.3 m. tall, with white appressed hairs throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Stipules narrow, spreading or reflexed, ± 2 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 4 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–6 mm., prolonged up to 2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, oblong, wedge-shaped at the base, up to 12 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Racemes pubescent, 12–25-flowered, 1.5–3.5 cm. long, including a peduncle of 5–9 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Pedicels 1 mm. long, spreading or somewhat reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Calyx 1.5 mm. long, divided to the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Filaments 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Style 1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Pod ridged down each side, up to 25 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.3 mm. thick, with sparse appressed hairs, 11–13-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000193520 morphology ABE25009-13B2-443B-8B6C-83D21E86CFEC Seeds oblong, ridged on each side, faintly pitted, ± 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, 0.7 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499622-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Spreading annual or perennial herb; branches strigulose to pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Stipules spreading, narrowly triangular or subulate-setaceous, up to 5 mm. long; rnachis strigulose, up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of 3–7 mm., prolonged up to 5 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–13, narrowly oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, rounded or acute at the apex, apiculate, up to 15 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Racemes strigulose to pilose, laxly 5–15-flowered, up to 10 cm. long including a peduncle of ± one-third their length; bracts lanceolate, ± 1.5 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Calyx ± 2 mm. long; lobes subulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Corolla pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Pod somewhat torulose, with broad (± 0.5 mm. wide) sutures, 8–17 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.8 mm. thick, pubescent; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000196191 morphology 72A9F77C-1DE9-432C-954E-E6DB90C68487 Seeds 4–8, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500170-1 wfo-0000192269 morphology 1DFAF7D2-6C41-4CAA-9404-A85459201310 An erect herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499371-1 wfo-0000192269 morphology 1DFAF7D2-6C41-4CAA-9404-A85459201310 Resembles I. trachyphylla, but the leaves are less than 3 times as long as wide (up to 2 cm. wide in stout examples) and more abruptly narrowed, truncate, or even subcordate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499371-1 wfo-0000192269 morphology 1DFAF7D2-6C41-4CAA-9404-A85459201310 The infructescence is up to 8 cm. long, about as long as the peduncle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499371-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, sessile or pedunculate, racemose (spikes, fascicles, umbels or heads), flowers rarely solitary, often with deciduous or persistent bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Flowers bisexual, polygamous or dioecious, regular or rarely slightly irregular, sweetly scented at night urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Leaves alternate, pinnate; stipules present and often large urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Flowers hermaphrodite or often functionally unisexual, more or less irregular, in conspicuous racemes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Calyx-segments 4–5, somewhat unequal, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Petals 5, free, unequal, clawed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Disc pentagonal-annular or variously unilateral urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Stamens 4–6, free or somewhat connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Ovary superior, 4–5–locular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Style simple; stigma small or capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Ovules axile, 1–4 per loculus urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Fruit a papery or woody capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Seeds large with copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Trees, shrubs, lianes or herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Leaves simple, alternate or opposite; stipules present, rarely absent, divided, entire or gland-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Inflorescence a terminal or axillary cyme, rarely flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Flowers regular, hermaphrodite, hypogynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Sepals 4–5, imbricate, free or partially united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Petals 4–5, contorted in bud, free or partially united at base, often clawed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Stamens 1–3 times as many as sepals; filaments united at base; staminodes sometimes present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Ovary superior, 2–5-locular; each loculus often subdivided by a false septum urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Ovules pendulous, 2 per loculus urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Styles 2–5, free or united at base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Fruit a capsule or drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000339 morphology 8F447231-7F55-44A8-8158-A6410EDA5BEF Seeds with or without endosperm; embryo straight or slightly curved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003859-2 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Subsucculent, glabrous, twining herbs with slender stems and alternate, entire, petiolate or rarely sessile, exstipulate leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Calyx (hypanthium, perianth or receptacle) tubular or funnel-shaped, sometimes articulated above the ovary, usually coloured, often petal-like; lobes (3–)4–5(–6), usually imbricate, equal or often with the two interior slightly smaller urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Petals (petaloid appendages or scales) generally inserted in the throat of the calyx-tube, equal or double the number of the calyx-lobes, well developed, entire or divided, often reduced to small fleshy glands or lacking urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Stamens as many or twice as many as the calyx-lobes (rarely reduced to 2 or 1), in 1–2 whorls, the upper whorl antisepalous; anthers with short filaments or sessile, 2-thecous, usually introrse, rarely extrorse or horseshoe-like, opening by slits lengthwise; pollen globose, usually polyforate with “ croton-pattern ” urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Ovary superior, 1–2(rarely 4–12)-locular, sessile or shortly stipitate; ovule 1 in each locule, usually pendulous, anatropous; style filiform, sometimes very short, terminal or lateral; stigma usually capitate, sometimes papillate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Disc hypogynous, membranous or fleshy, annular, cupular or scale-like, sometimes minute or lacking urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Fruit often a berry, sometimes a nut, drupe or loculicidal capsule, usually enclosed in the base of the persistent calyx-tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 morphology 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Seed usually with a caruncle-like appendage, outer coat thin or crustaceous, usually black, with or without endosperm; embryo straight; cotyledons flat or thickened, narrow or broad urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000613 chemistry 6DDF0EFA-9804-4094-9758-A1C692FE75B1 Most thymelaeaceous plants contain toxic substances urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50000375-1 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Trees, shrubs, subshrubs or herbs, rarely climbers, mostly containing a yellow, orange or clear resinous latex, usually glabrous but occasionally with an indumentum of simple or stellate hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Leaves usually opposite, sometimes verticillate or alternate, simple, entire or very obscurely crenate, exstipulate, usually with glands and resin channels which are often translucent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, 2-fid cymes, false racemes, panicles, fascicles or umbels or sometimes the flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Flowers regular, often fleshy, hermaphrodite, dioecious or polygamous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Sepals (2–)4–5(–6 or more), imbricate, often decussate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Petals free, 4–5(–6 or more), imbricate or contorted, sometimes decussate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Stamens usually numerous, free or very often in fascicles or fused into groups, anthers usually with 2 thecae dehiscing by longitudinal slits; the outer fascicles are often sterile “fasciclodes”, frequently forming what is often called the disc, or are absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Ovary superior, 1–several-locular, with parietal, axile, apical or basal placentation; ovules anatropous, l–? per locule; styles free or fused, sometimes very short or absent; stigmas or stigma-lobes mostly equal in number to the locules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Fruit a berry, drupe or septicidal (rarely loculicidal) capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000141 morphology F4ACF35A-532C-4D55-A5D3-E6F21201ADE0 Seeds arillate or not, without albumen, sometimes winged; embryo with cotyledons often very reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000758-2 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Trees, shrubs or herbs, without latex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, or radical, exstipulate, simple, often obovate to spathulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Inflorescence cymose or reduced to solitary axillary flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Flowers hermaphrodite, protandrous, irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Calyx adnate to the ovary basally, distally free as a 5-toothed or entire limb urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Corolla with a long tube split for part or all of its length and a limb divided into 5 subequal lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Stamens 5, from the base of the corolla, free or occasionally joined at the anthers; anthers dehiscing introrsely urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Ovary superior to inferior, 1–2-locular, each containing 1 or several ovules; style emerging laterally from the split corolla-tube, bearing a cup-shaped ciliate indusium around the simple or bifid stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Fruit a capsule or drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000255 morphology F175EBD3-4AE2-4961-90D4-2AEE15F4074B Seeds with endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126671-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Twining herbs with annual stems arising from tubers or rhizomes, rarely stems self-supporting urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Leaves alternate or opposite, often ovate-cordate, but sometimes with 3–7 digitate leaflets urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Flowers bisexual or unisexual, the latter usually dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Perianth segments biseriate, usually united basally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Stamens (3, 4) 6 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Ovary inferior, rarely semi-inferior or superior, (1)3-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000192 morphology 87431E8D-A30C-43B0-919B-02C4A278E28A Fruit a dehiscent capsule, samara or berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126727-1 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Annual or perennial herbs, subshrubs, or rarely small shrubs, laticiferous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple, entire, dentate to incised or rarely variously lobed, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Inflorescences generally cymose, panicle-, raceme-, spike- or head-like, or flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Flowers bisexual, usually protandrous, regular, (3–)5(–10)-merous, mostly with a bract and 2 bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Calyx ± adnate to the ovary; lobes usually free, persistent, valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Petals connate to various degrees, sometimes almost free, valvate in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Stamens alternating with the corolla-lobes, free or rarely adnate to the corolla; anthers very rarely entirely or partly connate, introrse; filaments usually dilated at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Ovary ± inferior, rarely superior, 2–10-locular; ovules few-many, anatropous, on axile placentas; style 1, furnished with pollen-collecting hairs on and usually below the style-lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Fruit capsular, variously dehiscing by apical or lateral valves or pores, or ± baccate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000106 morphology 0258AB87-4656-403C-969B-FE447671D0BE Seeds 1-many, albuminous; embryo straight, terete urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000171-2 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Leaves simple, alternate, rarely subopposite or subverticillate, usually glandular-serrate; stipules usually absent or minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Flowers hermaphrodite or less often dioecious or polygamous, mostly in terminal or axillary racemes, panicles, or cymes; in one genus epiphyllous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Sepals 4–5, mostly united at the base or rarely free, imbricate or valvate, often persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Petals 4–5, free or rarely connate into a short tube, imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Disk annular or with lobes alternating with the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Stamens (4–)5(–6), sometimes alternating with staminodes, perigynous, free; anthers 2-celled, opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Ovary superior or inferior, syncarpous or apocarpous, 1–6-locular; ovules with axile or parietal placentation; ovules numerous; styles 1–6, free or ± joined urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Fruit a capsule or berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000222 morphology 4AE30B64-250F-4E0F-AD94-9A84CAD99D71 Seeds few to many, with small or large embryo and copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126638-1 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Climbers or sometimes erect herbs, mostly provided with axillary tendrils (tribe Passifloreae), or erect shrubs or trees (tribe >i>Paropsieae), glabrous or hairy, rarely thorny urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Leaves mostly alternate, simple or compound, entire or lobed, often with glands on petiole and blade; stipules small, sometimes caducous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Inflorescences axillary, either cymose (>i>Passifloreae), ending in 1–several tendrils or not, or racemose (>i>Paropsieae); bracts and bracteoles usually small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Flowers hermaphrodite or functionally unisexual (then plants often dioecious or polygamous); stipe articulate to pedicel; hypanthium saucer-shaped to tubiform urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Sepals 4–5(–6), imbricate, free or partially connate >i>(Adenia in part), often persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Petals (3–)4–5(–6), imbricate, rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Corona extrastaminal, inserted on the hypanthium, various, composed of hairs, or of 1 or more whorls of thread-like processes or scales, or tubiform or cup-shaped, or absent (>i>Adenia in part) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Disk mostly extrastaminal, annular or composed of 5 mostly strap-shaped parts (>i>Adenia), or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Stamens 4-many, inserted on the hypanthium or on an androgynophore, if few alternipetalous, free or partially connate; anthers 2-thecous, basifixed to dorsifixed, versatile or not, sometimes apiculate, opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Ovary superior, sessile or on a gynophore or androgynophore, 1-locular, 3–5(–6)-carpellate, with 3–5(–6) parietal placentas; ovules mostly numerous, anatropous; styles 1 or 3–5, very short to distinct, free or partially united; stigma capitate to subglobose, sometimes much divided (>i>Adenia) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Fruit a loculicidally 3–5-valved capsule, or berry-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000442 morphology 0C137733-92BC-4D28-920D-817004BCB2A6 Seeds mostly compressed, enveloped by a membranous or mostly pulpy aril; funicles often distinct; testa crustaceous, mostly pitted; endosperm horny; embryo large, straight, with foliaceous cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003386-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Trees or shrubs, sometimes with spines on trunk and branches urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Leaves spirally arranged, or often distichous, simple, entire, crenate or serrate (crenations mostly glandular), sometimes with pellucid dots and/or lines; lateral nerves pinnate or rarely several from the base; petioles often thickened at the base and (or) the apex; stipules generally present, rarely large and persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Inflorescences subterminal or mostly axillary, rarely on the trunk or very rarely on the midrib of the leaves; flowers solitary, or mostly in fascicles, racemes or panicles, apparently essentially cymose, bisexual or unisexual (polygamous, monoecious, or dioecious), regular, 3-poly-merous, spiral or cyclic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Pedicels often articulated near the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Sepals (2–)3–7 (rarely more), mostly persistent, sometimes accrescent, imbricate or valvate, free or connate at the base into a calyx-tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Petals 3–8 (rarely more), free, imbricate or valvate, mostly alternating with the sepals and caducous, sometimes persistent and accrescent, often inserted on the margin of a hypogynous or almost perigynous disk, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Receptacle often depressed in the centre, often with appendages such as an extrastaminal disk or disk-lobes, free glands between the stamens, or staminode-like scales inserted on the inner side of the base of the petals, or with true, mostly barbate staminodes which alternate with the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Stamens 5 to numerous, hypogynous, mostly free, or sometimes connate at the base with the staminodes; anthers with 2 thecae, these longitudinally dehiscent, or very rarely opening by apical pores or very short slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Ovary usually free, rarely semi-inferior, unilocular, with (2–)3–5(–8) parietal placentas; ovules generally numerous, anatropous; styles 1–10, free or connate; stigma sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Fruit a fleshy or dry berry or a capsule, rarely a drupe, 1-many-seeded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000233 morphology 70B82292-416B-4529-9F7C-3BB7F8477FE0 Seeds sometimes arillate, with abundant endosperm; embryo straight; cotyledons mostly broad, foliaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000229-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Trees, shrubs or more commonly herbs, rarely climbers, sometimes epiphytes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Leaves opposite and decussate, rarely verticillate, sometimes anisophyllous, simple to entire, serrate, exstipulate, usually with a distinctive nervation of 2–8 strong basal nerves ± parallel to the midrib, rarely pinnately nerved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Inflorescences various, sometimes bracteate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Flowers hermaphrodite, regular (androecium sometimes slightly zygomorphic), mostly 4–5(–6)-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Calyx tubular or campanulate, free or partially adnate to the ovary or sometimes connected to it by septa-like strands (no distinction is made here between the hypanthium and calyx proper); lobes valvate or connate and forming a calyptra-like head in bud, deciduous or persistent; various appendages may alternate with or arise from the calyx-lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Petals 4–5, free or rarely united at the base, imbricate or convolute, often magenta coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Stamens perigynous or epigynous, as many as the petals or more usually twice as many as the petals and in 2 whorls, the whorls equal to very unequal; anthers usually 2-thecous, introrse, basifixed, each anther dehiscing by a single pore or more rarely by a slit (Memecylon); anther-connectives often elongated and often either tubercled or spurred at the junction with the filament; filaments often geniculate, inflexed in bud, sometimes twisted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Ovary 1-locular with basal placentation >i>(Memecylon) to several-locular with axile placentation; ovules usually numerous; style and stigma 1 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Fruit a loculicidal capsule or a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000372 morphology 34604B0E-8AD8-48F1-A14F-7A54FA421804 Seeds small or minute, without endosperm and with a very small embryo; one cotyledon larger than the other urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30374374-2 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, glabrous or pubescent with multicellular often gland-tipped hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Leaves opposite, sessile to subsessile, simple, ovate to linear, midrib apparent but lateral nerves obscure, entire, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Inflorescences axillary, erect, sessile to pedunculate, bearing paired sessile to pedicellate flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Flowers hermaphrodite, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, campanulate to subglobose, often distinctly 5-veined; lobes 5, valvate, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Petals 5, valvate, alternate with calyx-lobes, shorter than or just exceeding the calyx-lobes, lanceolate to round, entire to crenate, or irregularly dentate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Stamens 5, alternate with the petals, inserted on the margin of an epigynous disc; filaments free, subulate, with or without a widened membranous area or scale-like appendage at the base; anthers 2-thecous, dehiscing longitudinally, introrse, dorsifixed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Ovary inferior, 1-locular; styles 2 (or ?3), spreading, shorter than or exceeding the calyx-lobes, bases separate to the disc or shortly above it; stigmas capitellate; ovules numerous, attached to 2 thick pendulous flattened rounded placentas hanging from the apex of the locule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 0.2–1 (–1.6) cm. or 4–9 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Receptacle broadly turbinate and in outline elliptic or subnaviculate, 1–2.3 × 0.5–1 (–1.2) cm.; flowering face narrowly elliptic, margin very narrow or lacking; appendages in 2 rows, the inner (marginal) row semi-circular, up to 0.5(–1) mm. long, the outer (submarginal) row 2, terminal, band-shaped to filiform, 15–100(–130) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Staminate flowers ± crowded; perianth-lobes 2; stamens 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth tubular; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000654320 morphology 156049AA-7AB4-416D-9419-E7602A218ED5 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ±1.5 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851515-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Herb up to 50(–60) cm. tall, tuberous; tuber discoid to subglobose, 1–12 cm. in diameter; stems annual, unbranched or branched (mostly with arrested branches), 1.5–8 mm. thick, puberulous to hirtellous or hispidulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Leaves in spirals, on the lower part of the stem with entire to tripartite scale leaves; lamina of foliage leaves chartaceous when dry, oblong to subovate or linear, sometimes subobovate, occasionally elliptic or ovate, 1–15 × 0.2–4.5 cm., apex acute to subacuminate, base obtuse to rounded, margin finely to coarsely dentate or occasionally subcrenate; both surfaces puberulous to hirtellous or hispidulous; lateral veins 4–12 (in linear leaves up to 25) pairs; petiole (0–)0.1–0.2(–0.5) cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules triangular to oblong, up to 5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Inflorescences solitary or occasionally in pairs; peduncle 0.5–7 cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Receptacle discoid to broadly turbinate to shallowly cup-shaped, subcircular, 0.5–2(–2.5) cm. in diameter; margin very narrow; appendages in 2 rows, inner (marginal) row with numerous triangular to subulate or ovate appendages up to 1–2 mm. long, or the appendages indistinct and the rim subentire, outer (submarginal) row mostly with 5–12 (less commonly with up to 23 or with less than 5, down to 2, 1 or even 0), band-shaped to filiform, less often subspathulate to oblong, (1–)2–20(–80) mm. long appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Staminate flowers ± crowded; perianth-lobes 2; stamens 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth shortly tubular; stigmas (1–)2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ± 2 mm. in diameter, tuberculate, pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654294 morphology 0E2FD682-0FA0-4D2D-8B5B-8922981123B6 Fig. 15/5–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851508-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Undershrubs up to 15 cm. tall; stems succulent, erect, unbranched or branched, up to 8 mm. thick, puberulous or glabrous, internodes short, periderm of older parts flaking off, scars of leaves, stipules and inflorescences conspicuous and prominent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Leaves in spirals, subrosulate; lamina chartaceous to papyraceous when dry, oblong to narrowly lanceolate or elliptic, 3.5–14 × 0.3–2 cm., apex acute, base attenuate, margin ± undulate and crenate to dentate or subentire; both surfaces minutely puberulous; lateral veins 5–15 pairs; petiole 0.1–2.5 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick; stipules subulate, 1–4 mm. long, subpersistent or caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 1–3 cm. long, ± 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Receptacle discoid, 0.5–1 cm. in diameter; flowering face substellate, margin almost lacking; appendages in 2 rows, the inner (marginal) row several, tooth-like, up to 1 mm. long, the outer (submarginal) row 5–10, band shaped to filiform, 2–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Staminate flowers ± spaced; perianth-lobes 2; stamens 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth shortly tubular; stigma 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654421 morphology 38750A16-C523-414E-BE26-54E411B35F5F Endocarp-body tetrahedral, ±1.5 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851554-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Herb, tuberous; tuber discoid to subglobose, up to 4.5 cm. in diameter; stems (? seasonal), up to 1 cm. long, with short internodes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Leaves subrosulate; lamina papyraceous when dry (± bullate when fresh), broadly elliptic to oblong or broadly obovate to subobovate, 3.5–18 × 2.5–9.5 cm., apex rounded, base cordate to almost rounded, margin finely to coarsely dentate-crenate or crenate; both surfaces puberulous to hirtellous, especially on the veins and often also near the margin; lateral veins 5–8 pairs; petiole 1–8 cm. long, 2–4 mm. thick; stipules subovate to triangular or subulate, 1.5–3.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Inflorescences solitary; peduncle 6–14.5 cm. long, 2–3 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Receptacle discoid, suborbicular, 1.5–2.5 cm. in diameter; flowering face circular, margin almost lacking; appendages in 2 rows, the inner marginal row with triangular to band-shaped or subspathulate appendages 0.5–3.5 mm. long, shorter and longer ones ± alternating, the outer (submarginal) row with ± 8–10 subulate to band-shaped appendages ±3–12 mm. long pointing backwards. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Staminate flowers crowded; perianth- lobes 2; stamens 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Pistillate flowers numerous; perianth tubular; stigma 1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000654401 morphology 150C4A11-A184-44E4-A890-D92727187CC1 Endocarp-body ± tetrahedral, ± 2 mm. in diameter, ± tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:851543-1 wfo-0000688289 morphology 95C044F6-CF8A-459F-A70F-E4FAFC6C4BBE Shrub or tree up to 20(–30) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852817-1 wfo-0000688289 morphology 95C044F6-CF8A-459F-A70F-E4FAFC6C4BBE Leafy twigs 1–5 mm. thick, hispidulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852817-1 wfo-0000688289 morphology 95C044F6-CF8A-459F-A70F-E4FAFC6C4BBE Leaves almost distichous and alternate, sometimes subopposite; lamina subcoriaceous to coriaceous, ovate to elliptic or obovate, sometimes oblong or subcircular, 2.5–16 × 1–12 cm., sometimes ± asymmetrical, apex shortly acuminate, sometimes acute, obtuse or rounded, base acute to obtuse or occasionally subcordate, margin dentate to subentire; upper surface scabrous, hispidulous, lower surface scabrous, hispidulous or partly hirtellous to subtomentose; lateral veins 3–5(–6) pairs; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm. long; stipules 0.2–0.5 cm. long, strigillose to strigose, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852817-1 wfo-0000688289 morphology 95C044F6-CF8A-459F-A70F-E4FAFC6C4BBE Figs in pairs or solitary in the leaf-axils, just below the leaves or sometimes on the olderwood; peduncle 0.5–1(–1.5) cm. long; 1–5 broadly ovate bracts scattered on the peduncle, 1–4 similar ones on the outer surface of the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852817-1 wfo-0000688289 morphology 95C044F6-CF8A-459F-A70F-E4FAFC6C4BBE Receptacle subglobose, 1–2.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.8–1.5 cm. when dry, hispidulous, yellow, orange or reddish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852817-1 wfo-0000687389 morphology 2A38EFE5-FEFC-42CC-AC25-ADA20B3BA18B Shrub up to 5 m. tall, often with whippy, straggling or subscandent branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852431-1 wfo-0000687389 morphology 2A38EFE5-FEFC-42CC-AC25-ADA20B3BA18B Leafy twigs 1–5 mm. thick, white to brown hirtellous, hispidulous ± strigillose or almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852431-1 wfo-0000687389 morphology 2A38EFE5-FEFC-42CC-AC25-ADA20B3BA18B Leaves distichous, alternate; lamina chartaceous to subcoriaceous, elliptic to oblong, ovate, subobovate, lanceolate or sometimes linear, 3–12 × 1.5–12 cm., usually ± asymmetrical, apex acuminate to caudate, acute or sometimes obtuse, base acute to obtuse or rounded, margin dentate to irregularly pinnately lobed or divided or sometimes subentire; upper surface scabrous, hispidulous or strigillose, lower surface hispid to hirtellous, sometimes almost glabrous; lateral veins 3–10 pairs, in large leaves up to 13, or in very narrow leaves often more than 13; petiole 0.5–2 cm. long; stipules 0.3–0.6 cm. long, puberulous to almost glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852431-1 wfo-0000687389 morphology 2A38EFE5-FEFC-42CC-AC25-ADA20B3BA18B Figs 1–3(–5) together in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, sometimes on the older wood; peduncle up to 4 mm. long; 2–4 small bracts scattered on the peduncle, 2–4 similar bracts on the outer surface of the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852431-1 wfo-0000687389 morphology 2A38EFE5-FEFC-42CC-AC25-ADA20B3BA18B Receptacle depressed globose to globose or obovoid, ± 1–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1.2 cm. when dry, hispid or hispidulous, dark red to orange or yellowish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852431-1 wfo-0000687680 morphology C6600687-E67D-4099-80A2-420543042A79 Shrub up to 6 m. tall, usually with stiff branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852553-1 wfo-0000687680 morphology C6600687-E67D-4099-80A2-420543042A79 Leafy twigs 1–5 mm. thick, puberulous to hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852553-1 wfo-0000687680 morphology C6600687-E67D-4099-80A2-420543042A79 Leaves ± distinctly distichous and alternate or subopposite or the leaves subverticillate; lamina chartaceous, subovate to oblong or lanceolate, 2–15 × 1–5.5 cm., symmetrical, apex acute, obtuse, rounded, 3-lobed or 3-dentate, base rounded to obtuse or acute, margin subentire or ± faintly crenate; both surfaces scabrous; lateral veins 5–12 pairs; petiole 0.2–1(–2.5) cm. long; stipules 0.5–1 cm. long, partly puberulous, mostly subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852553-1 wfo-0000687680 morphology C6600687-E67D-4099-80A2-420543042A79 Figs solitary or in pairs in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long; 3 small bracts scattered on the peduncle or in a whorl, without bracts on the outer surface of the receptacle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852553-1 wfo-0000687680 morphology C6600687-E67D-4099-80A2-420543042A79 Receptacle with a stipe up to 5 mm. long at least when dry, globose and 1.5–3 cm. in diameter when fresh, often pyriform and 1–2.5 cm. in diameter when dry, hispidulous, green to pale yellow at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852553-1 wfo-0000687680 morphology C6600687-E67D-4099-80A2-420543042A79 Fig. 17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852553-1 wfo-0000690537 morphology 6AED5543-777B-42BB-8315-3908CEFFD83B Tree up to 20(–30) m. tall; trunk short; main branches spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853797-1 wfo-0000690537 morphology 6AED5543-777B-42BB-8315-3908CEFFD83B Leafy twigs (1–)2–6 mm. thick, densely minutely puberulous and with much longer white to yellowish hairs especially on the nodes; periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853797-1 wfo-0000690537 morphology 6AED5543-777B-42BB-8315-3908CEFFD83B Lamina chartaceous to coriaceous, ovate to elliptic, obovate or subcircular, (1–)2.5–12(–21) × (0.5–)2–11(–16) cm., apex rounded to obtuse, base cordate to sometimes obtuse, margin subentire, slightly repand or denticulate; upper surface scabrous to scabridulous, sometimes almost smooth, hispidulous to strigillose, on the main veins whitish hirtellous to hirsute, lower surface puberulous to hispidulous, on the main veins partly whitish hirtellous or hirsute; lateral veins 5–10 pairs; petiole (0.5–)1–4(–6) cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick, densely minutely white puberulous and with much longer white to yellowish hairs, with the periderm flaking off when dry; stipules 0.5–2.5 cm. long, white puberulous to tomentose or partly hirtellous to hirsute, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853797-1 wfo-0000690537 morphology 6AED5543-777B-42BB-8315-3908CEFFD83B Figs solitary or sometimes in pairs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, on up to 10 cm. long unbranched leafless branchlets or on up to 20(–35) cm. long branched leafless branchlets on the older branches down to the trunk; peduncle 0.3–2.5 cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick; basal bracts 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853797-1 wfo-0000690537 morphology 6AED5543-777B-42BB-8315-3908CEFFD83B Receptacle obovoid to pyriform or subglobose, often stipitate at least when dry, 1.5–5 cm. in diameter when fresh, (1–)1.5–3 cm. when dry, white to yellowish or brownish velutinous or densely tomentose to sparsely puberulous or pubescent, sometimes almost glabrous, yellowish to reddish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853797-1 wfo-0000689380 morphology DAFBAE12-325D-463A-A9E4-D9EEC9D5F209 Tree up to 30(–40) m. tall, with tall trunk, often with buttresses, main branches ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583844-1 wfo-0000689380 morphology DAFBAE12-325D-463A-A9E4-D9EEC9D5F209 Leafy twigs 3–8 mm. thick, densely minutely white puberulous and with much longer white to dark brown hairs, especially on the nodes, periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583844-1 wfo-0000689380 morphology DAFBAE12-325D-463A-A9E4-D9EEC9D5F209 Lamina chartaceous to subcoriaceous, subcircular to subcordiform, elliptic or sometimes obovate, 6–17 × 4–15 cm., apex shortly acuminate to acute, base cordate, sometimes truncate, margin entire or crenate, upper surface scabridulous to scabrous, sparsely brownish hirtellous to hirsute on the main veins, lower surface puberulous to hirtellous, on the main veins often densely puberulous and with long white to dark brown hairs with an echinate base; lateral veins 3–6 pairs; petiole (1–)2–9 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick, densely minutely white puberulous and with much longer white to dark brown hairs with an echinate base, epiderm flaking off when dry; stipules 1–2 cm. long, puberulous to subsericeous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583844-1 wfo-0000689380 morphology DAFBAE12-325D-463A-A9E4-D9EEC9D5F209 Figs on branched leafless branchlets up to 30 cm. long on the main and lesser branches or also on the trunk; peduncle 1–2.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583844-1 wfo-0000689380 morphology DAFBAE12-325D-463A-A9E4-D9EEC9D5F209 Receptacle ± depressed globose to obovoid, 2.5–4 cm. in diameter when fresh, 2–3 cm. when dry, ± densely puberulous, red to dark orange at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583844-1 wfo-0000690530 morphology F44B74EC-2B3E-42AA-9DC8-2EF899741615 Tree up to 25(–30) m. tall, sometimes with buttresses. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853792-1 wfo-0000690530 morphology F44B74EC-2B3E-42AA-9DC8-2EF899741615 Leafy twigs white to yellowish (or brownish) puberulous to hirtellous or tomentose, partly hirsute or almost glabrous, periderm mostly not flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853792-1 wfo-0000690530 morphology F44B74EC-2B3E-42AA-9DC8-2EF899741615 Lamina chartaceous to coriaceous, elliptic to ovate, subovate or oblong, sometimes suborbicular or lanceolate, 4–20(–32) × 3–13(–16) cm., apex acuminate to acute, base subacute to cordate, margin coarsely crenate-dentate to repand or ± entire; upper surface smooth, sometimes scabrous, glabrous or puberulous on the proximal parts of the main veins, lower surface on the whole surface or only on the main veins puberulous to tomentose or glabrous; lateral veins (3–)5–9 pairs; petiole 1.5–9 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick, puberulous, hirtellous, hirsute, subtomentose or glabrous, periderm usually not flaking off when dry; stipules 1–3.5 cm. long, white to yellow subsericeous, pubescent, hirsute or almost glabrous, caducous or occasionally subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853792-1 wfo-0000690530 morphology F44B74EC-2B3E-42AA-9DC8-2EF899741615 Figs on branched leafless branchlets up to 50(–150) cm. long on the older wood, down to the trunk, or occasionally in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.5–2 cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick; basal bracts 2–3 mm. long; Receptacle obovoid to subglobose, often ± depressed-globose, often stipitate at least when dry, 2–4 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–3 cm. when dry, sparsely white to yellowish puberulous to almost glabrous or densely tomentose to subvelutinous, red to dark orange at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853792-1 wfo-0000690530 morphology F44B74EC-2B3E-42AA-9DC8-2EF899741615 Fig. 18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853792-1 wfo-0000690860 morphology D869BDDF-D3CF-4500-BE50-8892719BDF94 Tree up to 20 m. tall, with buttresses. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853964-1 wfo-0000690860 morphology D869BDDF-D3CF-4500-BE50-8892719BDF94 Leafy twigs 3–5 mm. thick, minutely white puberulous and with much longer yellowish to white hairs; periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853964-1 wfo-0000690860 morphology D869BDDF-D3CF-4500-BE50-8892719BDF94 Lamina broadly elliptic to obovate or oblong, 5–22 × 2.5–11 cm., apex acuminate, base cordate to subtruncate, margin coarsely dentate to subentire; upper surface scabrous to scabridulous, sparsely, but on the veins more densely, white to yellow hirtellous or hirsute, lower surface white to yellow hirsute, often only on the main veins; lateral veins 5–9 pairs; petiole 0.5–5.5 cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick, minutely white puberulous and with much longer white to yellowish hairs, with epiderm flaking off when dry; stipules 1–2 cm. long, minutely brownish to white puberulous, often also with much longer appressed hairs or sometimes glabrous, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853964-1 wfo-0000690860 morphology D869BDDF-D3CF-4500-BE50-8892719BDF94 Figs on branched leafless branchlets up to 10 m. long arising from the base of the trunk (and then the figs in the litter underneath the tree) or on usually short branchlets up to the main branches; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853964-1 wfo-0000690860 morphology D869BDDF-D3CF-4500-BE50-8892719BDF94 Receptacle mostly depressed globose, 2–3 cm. diameter when fresh, 1–2 cm. when dry, minutely puberulous to hirtellous, red to orange-red when mature, often with yellowish to white spots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853964-1 wfo-0000690786 morphology 589620C5-2F60-4529-846E-1497AFF5B79A Tree up to 15(–20) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853925-1 wfo-0000690786 morphology 589620C5-2F60-4529-846E-1497AFF5B79A Leafy twigs 2–10 mm. thick, glabrous, sparsely white appressed puberulous or sometimes white hirtellous to tomentose, with periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853925-1 wfo-0000690786 morphology 589620C5-2F60-4529-846E-1497AFF5B79A Lamina coriaceous to subcoriaceous, ovate to cordiform or ± deltoid, 4–24(–44) × 3–24(–30) cm., apex acute to subobtuse or very shortly acuminate, base obtuse to truncate or cordate, margin coarsely and obtusely dentate to repand, sometimes subentire; upper surface smooth and glabrous or puberulous on the main veins, sometimes scabridulous and hirtellous to hispidulous, lower surface glabrous or puberulous, sometimes hirtellous to pubescent; lateral veins 5–8 pairs; petiole 2–11(– 13.5) cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick, glabrous, white appressed puberulous or sometimes white hirtellous to tomentose; periderm flaking off when dry; stipules 1–3 cm. long, in the lower part ciliolate, appressed puberulous or subsericeous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853925-1 wfo-0000690786 morphology 589620C5-2F60-4529-846E-1497AFF5B79A Figs solitary in the leaf- axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 0.2–1.2 cm. long, 4–6 mm. thick; basal bracts ± 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853925-1 wfo-0000690786 morphology 589620C5-2F60-4529-846E-1497AFF5B79A Receptacle subglobose to obovoid, 3–6(–10) cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–5 cm. when dry, ± densely white to yellowish puberulous to hirtellous or tomentose, only tomentellous near the ostiole or glabrous, yellowish to orange at maturity with longitudinal orange to reddish stripes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853925-1 wfo-0000690801 morphology 57208E91-A43D-4C7C-8545-8FED28913582 Tree up to 35 m. or more tall, with buttresses. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853929-1 wfo-0000690801 morphology 57208E91-A43D-4C7C-8545-8FED28913582 Leafy twigs 2–3 mm. thick, white puberulous or glabrous, when juvenile white hirsute to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853929-1 wfo-0000690801 morphology 57208E91-A43D-4C7C-8545-8FED28913582 Lamina subcoriaceous, when juvenile chartaceous, oblong to elliptic or ± ovate, 5–20 × 2–11.5 cm., often larger when juvenile, apex subacute to acuminate, base cordate to rounded, margin entire or almost so, when juvenile irregularly lobed to divided; both surfaces glabrous to sparsely puberulous, smooth or scabridulous, when juvenile white hirsute to hirtellous, often scabrous; lateral veins (5–)8–13 pairs or often more when young; petiole 1–5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–0.7 cm. long, puberulous or partly hirsute, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853929-1 wfo-0000690801 morphology 57208E91-A43D-4C7C-8545-8FED28913582 Figs solitary or in pairs in the leaf axils; peduncle 0.3–1 cm. long; basal bracts ± 2 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853929-1 wfo-0000690801 morphology 57208E91-A43D-4C7C-8545-8FED28913582 Receptacle globose to obovoid, ± 2 cm. in diameter when fresh, ± 1.5 cm. when dry, puberulous, yellow at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853929-1 wfo-0000690801 morphology 57208E91-A43D-4C7C-8545-8FED28913582 Wall of fruiting fig 1.5 mm. thick when dry, firm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853929-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Tree up to 10(–20) m. or a shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, white pubescent to puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Lamina subcoriaceous to chartaceous, elliptic to oblong or ovate, (2–)5–20 × (1–)2–9 cm., apex acuminate, sometimes subacute, base obtuse to acute or ± cordate, margin entire or almost so; upper surface scabrous, hispidulous, on the main veins puberulous to hirtellous or pubescent, lower surface puberulous to hirtellous or pubescent; lateral veins 5–8(–9) pairs; petiole 1–3.5(–5.5) cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.5–1.5 cm. long, puberulous to pubescent, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Figs solitary or in pairs in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.3–1 cm. long; basal bracts 2–2.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Receptacle often shortly stipitate at least when dry, globose to obovoid, 1–2.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1.5 cm. when dry, puberulous to hispidulous, yellowish to pale orange at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Wall of the fruiting fig ± 1.5 mm. thick when dry, firm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688120 morphology 73CEFB8C-EAAC-4535-A27C-0325D054C8B5 Fig. 19. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583433-1 wfo-0000688813 morphology 2FD10A7B-678C-4A91-8B3F-00AF13D89BD5 Tree up to 18 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853021-1 wfo-0000688813 morphology 2FD10A7B-678C-4A91-8B3F-00AF13D89BD5 Leafy twigs 3–6 mm. thick, sparsely white or brownish pubescent to densely tomentellous or subvelutinous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853021-1 wfo-0000688813 morphology 2FD10A7B-678C-4A91-8B3F-00AF13D89BD5 Lamina coriaceous, ovate to elliptic or oblong, (2.5–)5–18 × (2–)3–9 cm., apex acuminate to acute, sometimes obtuse, base cordate, occasionally truncate to obtuse, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 8–11 pairs, the main basal pairs ± distinctly branched, almost straight, thus not running parallel to the margin, the others often branched far from the margin; petiole 0.5–4 cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick; stipules 0.5–1 cm. long, densely yellowish tomentose to subvelutinous or glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853021-1 wfo-0000688813 morphology 2FD10A7B-678C-4A91-8B3F-00AF13D89BD5 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, subsessile or on peduncles up to 0.5 cm. long; basal bracts ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853021-1 wfo-0000688813 morphology 2FD10A7B-678C-4A91-8B3F-00AF13D89BD5 Receptacle ± globose, 1–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1 cm. when dry, minutely white to brown puberulous or partly hirtellous, sometimes densely tomentose or pubescent, whitish to pink or pale to dark purple at maturity; wall wrinked when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853021-1 wfo-0000688813 morphology 2FD10A7B-678C-4A91-8B3F-00AF13D89BD5 Fig. 20, p. 62. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853021-1 wfo-0000687917 morphology 01CABCB3-5924-4243-A2FF-358D57959688 Tree up to 15(–35) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852662-1 wfo-0000687917 morphology 01CABCB3-5924-4243-A2FF-358D57959688 Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852662-1 wfo-0000687917 morphology 01CABCB3-5924-4243-A2FF-358D57959688 Lamina coriaceous, lanceolate, ovate, oblong, elliptic or cordiform, rarely ± obovate, 2–17 × 1–6 cm., apex acuminate, acute, obtuse or occasionally rounded, base cordate to rounded, obtuse or occasionally subacute, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–12 pairs; smaller veins prominent and conspicuous beneath; petiole 0.5–3(–6) cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.2–1.5 cm. long, glabrous or ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852662-1 wfo-0000687917 morphology 01CABCB3-5924-4243-A2FF-358D57959688 Figs mostly in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, or sometimes on older parts up to 3 together on 2–3 mm. long spurs, sessile or on peduncles up to 0.3 cm. long; basal bracts ± 1–1.5 mm. long, sometimes caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852662-1 wfo-0000687917 morphology 01CABCB3-5924-4243-A2FF-358D57959688 Receptacle ± globose, 0.5–1 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–0.8(–1) cm. when dry, sparsely and minutely puberulous to glabrous, maturing from green to whitish to dark purple or dark red; wall usually smooth when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852662-1 wfo-0000690821 morphology 00E73E20-7ADA-45AD-A1AD-EBE1C05653C2 Shrub or treelet up to 7 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853943-1 wfo-0000690821 morphology 00E73E20-7ADA-45AD-A1AD-EBE1C05653C2 Leafy twigs 1–5 mm. thick, glabrous or densely white hirtellous to subtomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853943-1 wfo-0000690821 morphology 00E73E20-7ADA-45AD-A1AD-EBE1C05653C2 Lamina coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate, 3.5–10(–20) × 1.5–3.5(–8.5) cm., apex subacute to obtuse, base obtuse or rounded to subcordate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins (8–)10–16 pairs, the basal pair unbranched, curved and running almost parallel to the margin, the others divided rather near the margin; only the midrib prominent beneath, the other veins often plane and inconspicuous; petiole 0.5–2(–3) cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.5–3.5(–4) cm. long, glabrous to densely white puberulous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853943-1 wfo-0000690821 morphology 00E73E20-7ADA-45AD-A1AD-EBE1C05653C2 Figs mostly in pairs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 0.3–0.5(–1) cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. thick; basal bracts ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853943-1 wfo-0000690821 morphology 00E73E20-7ADA-45AD-A1AD-EBE1C05653C2 Receptacle subglobose or sometimes ellipsoid, 0.5–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1 (–1.2) cm. when dry, glabrous or minutely puberulous, maturing dark purple or dark red; wall often wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853943-1 wfo-0000689763 morphology BC393424-872F-4142-BADF-9C64D4D9C83E Tree up to 15 m. tall, (secondarily?) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853433-1 wfo-0000689763 morphology BC393424-872F-4142-BADF-9C64D4D9C83E Leafy twigs (5–)10–20 mm. thick, densely white puberulous or velutinous, on the nodes pubescent; periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853433-1 wfo-0000689763 morphology BC393424-872F-4142-BADF-9C64D4D9C83E Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, ovate to elliptic or subovate to oblong, (8–)15–26 × (5–)10–20 cm., apex obtuse to acute, base cordate; margin entire to repand; upper surface glabrous or puberulous on the lower part of the midrib, lower surface white puberulous to pubescent or only puberulous on the main veins; lateral veins 10–16 pairs, the basal pair branched, reaching the margin far below the middle of the lamina; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 4–10 cm. long, 2–5 mm. thick, periderm not flaking off when dry; stipules 0.8–3.5 cm. long, densely white tomentose to puberulous to subvelutinous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853433-1 wfo-0000689763 morphology BC393424-872F-4142-BADF-9C64D4D9C83E Figs up to 5 together in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 1–2.5 cm. long; basal bracts ± 3 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853433-1 wfo-0000689763 morphology BC393424-872F-4142-BADF-9C64D4D9C83E Receptacle globose, 1–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, ± 1(–1.5) cm. when dry, puberulous, waited, greenish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853433-1 wfo-0000687625 morphology 559587A0-23E0-4B7E-AF00-94EFDDE41745 Tree up to 25 m. high, (secondarily?) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583290-1 wfo-0000687625 morphology 559587A0-23E0-4B7E-AF00-94EFDDE41745 Leafy twigs 4–12 mm. thick, sparsely to sometimes densely puberulous to hirtellous or glabrous, periderm hardly flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583290-1 wfo-0000687625 morphology 559587A0-23E0-4B7E-AF00-94EFDDE41745 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous (often brittle when dry), subovate to oblong, 5–24 × 3–9.5(–11.5) cm., apex acute to obtuse, base cordate, margin entire to repand; upper surface glabrous or puberulous on the midrib, lower surface almost glabrous or ± sparsely hirtellous to puberulous; lateral veins 10–16 pairs, the basal pairs reaching the margin far below the middle of the lamina; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 2–8 cm. long, 2–4 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 0.3–1.2(–5) cm. long, glabrous or pubescent at the base, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583290-1 wfo-0000687625 morphology 559587A0-23E0-4B7E-AF00-94EFDDE41745 Figs in pairs or solitary in the leaf-axils; peduncle 1–2.5 cm. long, recurved; basal bracts ± 3 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583290-1 wfo-0000687625 morphology 559587A0-23E0-4B7E-AF00-94EFDDE41745 Receptacle ± globose or rarely ellipsoid, 2–3 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–1.5 cm. when dry, puberulous, smooth or warted,? greenish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583290-1 wfo-0000690806 morphology 348DC851-1EB2-47DE-A9C8-0A0D69F062EB Tree up to 25 m. tall, (secondarily?) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853932-1 wfo-0000690806 morphology 348DC851-1EB2-47DE-A9C8-0A0D69F062EB Leafy twigs 6–15 mm. thick, yellowish to whitish or brownish hirsute to hirtellous, periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853932-1 wfo-0000690806 morphology 348DC851-1EB2-47DE-A9C8-0A0D69F062EB Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, cordiform to ovate, subcircular or elliptic to subreniform, (5–)8–25(–35) × (2.5–)4–23(–25) cm., apex rounded to obtuse or very shortly and bluntly acuminate, base cordate, margin entire or almost so; upper surface rather sparsely hirtellous to puberulous or almost glabrous, lower surface whitish subvelutinous or densely to sparsely hirtellous, puberulous or almost glabrous; lateral veins 5–10 pairs, the basal pairs branched, reaching the margin usually at or above the middle of the lamina; tertiary venation for the greater part scalariform; petiole (1.5–)3–12(–19) cm. long, 1.5–4 mm. thick, periderm flaking off when dry; stipules 2–5 cm. long, on flush up to 8.5 cm., whitish to yellowish or brownish subhirsute to subsericeous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853932-1 wfo-0000690806 morphology 348DC851-1EB2-47DE-A9C8-0A0D69F062EB Figs in pairs or solitary in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, subsessile or on peduncles up to 6 mm. long; basal bracts 3.5–4.5 mm. long, free parts caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853932-1 wfo-0000690806 morphology 348DC851-1EB2-47DE-A9C8-0A0D69F062EB Receptacle subglobose to ellipsoid, 2–2.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–1.5 cm. when dry, whitish to yellowish velutinous or sparsely hirtellous, often ± verruculate, green with paler spots at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853932-1 wfo-0000690874 morphology EDDAD5E4-DA3B-4785-A832-23C0463494C3 Tree up to 25 m. tall, secondarily ? terrestrial, with a wide crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584247-1 wfo-0000690874 morphology EDDAD5E4-DA3B-4785-A832-23C0463494C3 Leafy twigs (3–)5–12 mm. thick, with minute to short hairs, intermixed with much longer yellow to brownish hairs, periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584247-1 wfo-0000690874 morphology EDDAD5E4-DA3B-4785-A832-23C0463494C3 Leaves in spirals; lamina ± coriaceous, cordiform to ovate, broadly elliptic, subcircular, subreniform or sometimes broadly obovate, 6–23 × 5–23 cm., apex rounded or sometimes very shortly and bluntly acuminate, base cordate, margin entire or almost so; upper surface sparsely hirtellous to subhirsute, lower surface sparsely to densely hirtellous to puberulous, on the main veins yellow hirsute; lateral veins 5–8 pairs, main basal pair branched, reaching the margin at or just below the middle of the lamina; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 2–5.5(–9) cm. long, (1.5–)2–4(– 5) mm. thick, epiderm flaking off; stipules 0.5–1.5 cm. long, on flush up to 4 cm., yellow to brownish hirsute to subsericeous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584247-1 wfo-0000690874 morphology EDDAD5E4-DA3B-4785-A832-23C0463494C3 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils, initially enclosed in ovoid calyptrate buds up to 1.5 cm. long, sessile; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584247-1 wfo-0000690874 morphology EDDAD5E4-DA3B-4785-A832-23C0463494C3 Receptacle globose or almost so, (1.2–)1.5–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, (0.8–)1–1.5 cm. when dry, densely white to yellow pubescent to ± hirsute or sparsely hirtellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584247-1 wfo-0000688513 morphology 4D868D3B-648C-4EF4-9393-343CC44544D1 Tree up to 10(–15) m. tall or a shrub, terrestrial, with spreading branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852908-1 wfo-0000688513 morphology 4D868D3B-648C-4EF4-9393-343CC44544D1 Leafy twigs 2–6 mm. thick, with dense short white hairs, especially on the nodes intermixed with much longer yellow to sometimes whitish hairs or glabrous, periderm of older parts flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852908-1 wfo-0000688513 morphology 4D868D3B-648C-4EF4-9393-343CC44544D1 Leaves in spirals; lamina subcoriaceous, oblong to elliptic or broadly ovate, sometimes obovate or subcircular, 2–14 × 1.2–9.5 cm., apex shortly acuminate to subacute or subobtuse, base cordate, sometimes rounded, margin entire; upper surface puberulous to hirtellous to subtomentose, or almost glabrous, lower surface subtomentose on the main veins, often partly yellow hirsute or entirely glabrous; lateral veins 3–7 pairs, the basal pairs branched, sometimes faindy, reaching the margin below or sometimes at the middle of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate or tending to scalariform, the smaller vein-reticulum beneath inconspicuous; petiole 0.5–4(–8) cm. long, 1–2(–2.5) mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 0.5–1.5(–2.4) cm. long, on flush up to 4 cm., at least partly yellow or sometimes whitish hirsute to subsericeous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852908-1 wfo-0000688513 morphology 4D868D3B-648C-4EF4-9393-343CC44544D1 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or down to ± 1 m. below the leaves, sessile or sometimes on peduncles up to 3 mm. long; basal bracts ± 3 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852908-1 wfo-0000688513 morphology 4D868D3B-648C-4EF4-9393-343CC44544D1 Receptacle globose or ellipsoid, ± 1–1.5(–2) cm. in diameter when fresh, ± 0.5–1 cm. when dry, densely tomentose to pubescent to almost glabrous, orange to pink or red at maturity, often with darker spots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852908-1 wfo-0000690434 morphology B46DD9C4-80C2-4BE0-BD43-6C4CC20784CD Tree up to 10(–15) m. tall, terrestrial or hemi-epiphytic (and strangling). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853758-1 wfo-0000690434 morphology B46DD9C4-80C2-4BE0-BD43-6C4CC20784CD Leafy twigs (2–)4–8 mm. thick, rather densely white puberulous to hirtellous, on the nodes to pale yellow hirsute, periderm of older parts ± flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853758-1 wfo-0000690434 morphology B46DD9C4-80C2-4BE0-BD43-6C4CC20784CD Leaves in spirals; lamina ± coriaceous, oblong or elliptic to ovate or ± obovate, sometimes to subcircular, 2.5–18 × 1–9 cm., apex rounded to subacute or sometimes very shortly and blundy acuminate, base cordate to rounded, margin ± entire; upper surface puberulous to hirtellous, lower surface densely hirtellous to subtomentose on the veins; lateral veins (3–)4–7 pairs, the basal pair not or faintly branched, usually reaching the margin rather far below the middle of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate and prominent; petiole 0.5–4(–5.5) cm. long, (1–)2–3 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 0.5–1.5 cm. long, white to pale yellow subsericeous, subhirsute or puberulous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853758-1 wfo-0000690434 morphology B46DD9C4-80C2-4BE0-BD43-6C4CC20784CD Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils, sometimes also just below the leaves, sessile or almost so; basal bracts ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853758-1 wfo-0000690434 morphology B46DD9C4-80C2-4BE0-BD43-6C4CC20784CD Receptacle globose to ellipsoid, 1.5–2.2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.7–1.8 cm. when dry, densely white pubescent to sparsely puberulous, pinkish or purplish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853758-1 wfo-0000689459 morphology 6613C3CC-8701-4C5C-A707-3A2B16C6D772 Shrub or tree up to 7 m. tall, terrestrial or sometimes hemi-epiphytic (and strangling). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583866-1 wfo-0000689459 morphology 6613C3CC-8701-4C5C-A707-3A2B16C6D772 Leafy twigs 1–3(–6) mm. thick, puberulous to hirtellous or subtomentellous, periderm not flaking off, bark of the older wood often blackish and conspicuously lenticellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583866-1 wfo-0000689459 morphology 6613C3CC-8701-4C5C-A707-3A2B16C6D772 Leaves in spirals; lamina chartaceous to subcoriaceous, oblong to elliptic, ± obovate or sometimes ovate, 1–9.5 × 0.6–5.5 cm., apex shortly acuminate to subacute, base rounded to cordate, margin crenulate; upper surface puberulous to hirtellous or hispidulous, when dry sometimes black-punctate, lower surface puberulous to hirtellous on the veins; lateral veins 3–5(–6) pairs, the basal pairs faintly branched, usually reaching the margin ± far below the middle of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 0.3–2 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 0.2–1.2 cm. long, sparsely puberulous to hirtellous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583866-1 wfo-0000046058 morphology FF98FF70-0127-495F-A3AD-9C70528BB81F Erect annual or sometimes perennial branching herb 0.9-2.5 m tall; stems reddish purple near the base, striate, ascending-pubescent; whole plant aromatic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934982-1 wfo-0000046058 morphology FF98FF70-0127-495F-A3AD-9C70528BB81F Leaves narrowly ovate, 5-17 cm long, 0.7-3 cm wide, base cuneate, obscurely sinuate-serrate to serrate, apex attenuate, sparsely to rather densely finely sericeous-pubescent especially beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934982-1 wfo-0000046058 morphology FF98FF70-0127-495F-A3AD-9C70528BB81F Capitula in a compound corymbiform cyme, rather congested with the ultimate Groups of capitula rather dense; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent, to 2(-4) mm long; involucre hemispherical or turbinate, 2-2.6 mm long; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, pale green with darker green centre especially in upper part, elliptic, ± 2 mm long, rounded or subacute, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934982-1 wfo-0000046058 morphology FF98FF70-0127-495F-A3AD-9C70528BB81F Corolla pale lilac, pale mauve or pale purplish blue, glandular, 2-3 mm long, lobes 1-1.1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934982-1 wfo-0000046058 morphology FF98FF70-0127-495F-A3AD-9C70528BB81F Achenes sub-turbinate, 0.7-1.2 mm long, 3-5-ribbed to -winged, especially the outer sometimes slightly curved and slightly compressed, truncate, with a short apical rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934982-1 wfo-0000046058 morphology FF98FF70-0127-495F-A3AD-9C70528BB81F Fig. 28/6-7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934982-1 wfo-0000031092 morphology E5A70C70-8339-446C-A459-560A827199CA Erect annual or short-lived perennial, sometimes rather woody, herb 90-300 cm tall; unpleasantly aromatic (smelling of tom-cats when fresh); stems shortly sericeous-pubescent or tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934983-1 wfo-0000031092 morphology E5A70C70-8339-446C-A459-560A827199CA Leaves narrowly ovate or narrowly obovate, 5-17 cm long, 0.8-3 cm wide, base cuneate, apex acute, whitish or greyish with rather dense silky pubescence especially beneath, somewhat glabrescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934983-1 wfo-0000031092 morphology E5A70C70-8339-446C-A459-560A827199CA Capitula congested in dense terminal and upper axillary compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula 0.5-7 mm long, very densely ascending-pubescent; involucre hemispherical, 2-3.5 mm long; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, very pale green with darker green or purplish central area towards the apex, narrowly ovate, 3 mm long, glabrous except for ciliate margins, often glandular, with scarious often purplish tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934983-1 wfo-0000031092 morphology E5A70C70-8339-446C-A459-560A827199CA Corolla white or pale mauve or lilac to mauve, purple, blue-purple or bright blue, 2.2-3.2 mm long, glandular, limb infundibuliform, lobes 1-1.4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934983-1 wfo-0000031092 morphology E5A70C70-8339-446C-A459-560A827199CA Achenes 1-1.8 mm long, 2-3(-5)-ribbed, especially the outer often somewhat curved, the two lateral ribs rather prominent and often somewhat wing-like, with a short apical rim or shallow cup. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934983-1 wfo-0000038342 morphology D55F5922-0624-4773-8C8F-8897BCEC8A72 Much-branched shrubby herb 180-250 cm tall; stems striate, shortly spreading-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934984-1 wfo-0000038342 morphology D55F5922-0624-4773-8C8F-8897BCEC8A72 Leaves narrowly ovate, 6-14.5 cm long, 1.5-2.4 cm wide, base attenuate, margins coarsely sometimes remotely serrate or dentate, apex acute, sparsely finely hairy on the main veins, otherwise almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934984-1 wfo-0000038342 morphology D55F5922-0624-4773-8C8F-8897BCEC8A72 Capitula numerous, in rather dense corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely pubescent; involucre campanulate, 2.2-3 mm long; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, narrowly ovate, 2.5 mm long, green with white scarious margins, obtuse, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934984-1 wfo-0000038342 morphology D55F5922-0624-4773-8C8F-8897BCEC8A72 Corolla lavender or mauve, 2.5-3.5 mm long, glandular, tube shortly hairy, limb infundibuliform, lobes 1.2-1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934984-1 wfo-0000038342 morphology D55F5922-0624-4773-8C8F-8897BCEC8A72 Achenes turbinate, 1-1.4 mm long, (2-)4-5-ribbed or -winged, with a very short apical rim. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934984-1 wfo-0000038902 morphology 2C2B046B-7677-43C1-9F8C-D0563A02646C Herb 0.3-1.5 m high; stems flushed reddish, striate, sparsely ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934985-1 wfo-0000038902 morphology 2C2B046B-7677-43C1-9F8C-D0563A02646C Leaves narrowly ovate, 4-9 cm long, 0.4-1.1 cm wide, base cuneate, margins remotely serrate, apex attenuate, finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934985-1 wfo-0000038902 morphology 2C2B046B-7677-43C1-9F8C-D0563A02646C Capitula in rather congested compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula 0-6 mm long, thinly ascending-pubescent; involucre 2.5-2.7 mm long; phyllaries dark green or purplish in centre towards apex, 2-3-seriate, elliptic, 2.5 mm long, obtuse, sparsely glandular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934985-1 wfo-0000038902 morphology 2C2B046B-7677-43C1-9F8C-D0563A02646C Florets 19-25 per capitulum; corolla violet, 4-4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934985-1 wfo-0000038902 morphology 2C2B046B-7677-43C1-9F8C-D0563A02646C Achenes turbinate or somewhat compressed, 1.2-1.7 mm long, 3-5-ribbed or -winged, with a short apical rim or cup. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934985-1 wfo-0000037689 morphology C68D5CA3-6F1E-479B-B041-2DE35832C4CD Erect herb or shrub 90-200 cm tall; stems woody, stiffly-branching, tinged purplish red, shortly spreading-pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205263-1 wfo-0000037689 morphology C68D5CA3-6F1E-479B-B041-2DE35832C4CD Leaves with unpleasant smell, narrowly ovate, 4-9.5 cm long, 0.8-2.7 cm wide, base cuneate, margins serrate, apex acute, shortly spreading-pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205263-1 wfo-0000037689 morphology C68D5CA3-6F1E-479B-B041-2DE35832C4CD Capitula in rather congested terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 0.5-8 mm long, densely sericeous-pubescent to more or less spreading-pubescent, often with conspicuous ridges; involucre 3.5-4.5 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, oblong, 3-5 mm long, rounded, green or purplish and often glandular in the centre in upper part, membranous at the margins, long-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205263-1 wfo-0000037689 morphology C68D5CA3-6F1E-479B-B041-2DE35832C4CD Florets 30-45 per capitulum; corolla lilac, blue-mauve, purple or violet, 3.5-5 mm long, tube glandular, slightly pubescent, limb infundibuliform, lobes 1.4-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205263-1 wfo-0000037689 morphology C68D5CA3-6F1E-479B-B041-2DE35832C4CD Achenes turbinately prismatic, 1.5-1.8 mm long, truncate, 3-6-ribbed, with a shallow undulate apical rim or cup. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:205263-1 wfo-0000134092 morphology 702DA287-62A8-4987-92A4-36DD8BF7759B Perennial herb 45-120 cm tall, sometimes rather shrubby, rarely scandent to 3 m, somewhat virgate, unpleasantly aromatic; stems erect, reddish purple in lower part, obscurely ridged, not branched or branched distally, rather densely leafy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945375-1 wfo-0000134092 morphology 702DA287-62A8-4987-92A4-36DD8BF7759B Leaves ascending, narrowly ovate, 1.3-6.5 cm long, 0.3-2 cm wide, base cuneate to slightly amplexicaul, margins serrate, apex acute to rounded, dark green with purplish mid-rib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945375-1 wfo-0000134092 morphology 702DA287-62A8-4987-92A4-36DD8BF7759B Capitula in small terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula to 24 mm long; involucre hemispherical, ± 5 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, dark green in centre and near the apex, purplish at the apex, ovate or oblong, 5-6 mm long, ciliate, glandular and sometimes pubescent, inner with broad paler erose membranous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945375-1 wfo-0000134092 morphology 702DA287-62A8-4987-92A4-36DD8BF7759B Corolla pale mauve or purple, the tube fading to very pale mauve or white, 5-6 mm long, tube glandular, shortly hairy, limb infundibuliform, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945375-1 wfo-0000134092 morphology 702DA287-62A8-4987-92A4-36DD8BF7759B Achenes 45-100 per capitulum, 1.2-3 mm long, 4-6-ribbed, with an almost symmetrical to very asymmetrical irregularly 5-toothed apical cup 0.4-1.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945375-1 wfo-0000001500 morphology A97BEB0F-D1B7-4408-A4C2-D25A0CAF982E Herb, at least 50 cm high (probably more); stems striate, possibly angular, shortly ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934986-1 wfo-0000001500 morphology A97BEB0F-D1B7-4408-A4C2-D25A0CAF982E Leaves elliptic, 3-4 cm long, 0.5-1 cm wide, base cuneate into a petiole of 2 mm, margins obscurely serrate, apex acute, sparsely shortly hairy especially on veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934986-1 wfo-0000001500 morphology A97BEB0F-D1B7-4408-A4C2-D25A0CAF982E Capitula numerous in rather lax divaricate compound corymbose cymes; stalks of individual capitula 1-7 mm long, shortly ascending-hairy; involucre hemispherical, 2.5-4.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, ovate or oblong, 2.2 mm long, obtuse, ciliate, inner membranous on upper margins and at apex, glandular and purplish in centre towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934986-1 wfo-0000001500 morphology A97BEB0F-D1B7-4408-A4C2-D25A0CAF982E Florets ± 25 per capitulum; corolla 2.3 mm long, lobes 0.7-1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934986-1 wfo-0000001500 morphology A97BEB0F-D1B7-4408-A4C2-D25A0CAF982E Achenes (immature) with a strongly asymmetrical apical tubular cup 0.6-0.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934986-1 wfo-0000064147 morphology C33C5B7E-1BA5-45B0-A3D0-96B82DFF3713 Erect herb, probably annual, 30-75 cm high; stems striate, branching distally, sparsely hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:898591-1 wfo-0000064147 morphology C33C5B7E-1BA5-45B0-A3D0-96B82DFF3713 Leaves with petiole to 2 cm long with broad amplexicaul base, blade elliptic in outline, pinnatisect, 5-7.5 cm long, 2.4-4 cm wide, with 10-15 pairs of alternate lobes, lobes to 6 mm wide, dentate with teeth to 2 mm long, densely pilose on the veins beneath, with globose trichomes between the veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:898591-1 wfo-0000064147 morphology C33C5B7E-1BA5-45B0-A3D0-96B82DFF3713 Capitula up to 5 together in terminal corymbose cymes, often subtended by leaves with very expanded petioles and reduced blade; involucre campanulate or urceolate, ± 15 mm in diameter; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, 6.5-8.5 mm long, the outer distally foliaceous, distally hairy along margins and midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:898591-1 wfo-0000064147 morphology C33C5B7E-1BA5-45B0-A3D0-96B82DFF3713 Corolla pale mauve, 9 mm long, glandular proximally, lobes ± 3 mm long, anthers 1.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:898591-1 wfo-0000064147 morphology C33C5B7E-1BA5-45B0-A3D0-96B82DFF3713 Achenes oblong to turbinate, 1.6 mm long, 4-sided with rounded angles, minutely papillate; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:898591-1 wfo-0000064147 morphology C33C5B7E-1BA5-45B0-A3D0-96B82DFF3713 Fig. 29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:898591-1 wfo-0000133814 morphology 5D0FF385-7334-4CA3-B0D7-BBEC0147A84E Shrub; stems distally densely leafy, densely finely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945377-1 wfo-0000133814 morphology 5D0FF385-7334-4CA3-B0D7-BBEC0147A84E Leaves alternate, elliptic to slightly ovate, 2-4 cm long, 0.6-1.4 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, sparsely finely tomentose and glabrescent above, densely whitish crispate-tomentose beneath, main veins ending in glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945377-1 wfo-0000133814 morphology 5D0FF385-7334-4CA3-B0D7-BBEC0147A84E Capitula in rather dense terminal corymbiform compound cymes to 3 cm long; stalks of individual capitula densely tomentose; involucre ovoid-cylindrical, 3.5-5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, purple-margined and with dark tips, ovate, 3-7 mm long, shortly pungent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945377-1 wfo-0000133814 morphology 5D0FF385-7334-4CA3-B0D7-BBEC0147A84E Corolla densely pubescent on lobes and upper part of tube, 6-7 mm long, sparsely glandular, lobes 2.5-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945377-1 wfo-0000133814 morphology 5D0FF385-7334-4CA3-B0D7-BBEC0147A84E Achenes (immature) turbinate, 2 mm long, ribbed, with a few hairs on the ribs at the apex, otherwise glabrous; pappus of ± 15 narrowly triangular, basally slightly connate, laciniate scales 1-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945377-1 wfo-0000008856 morphology 5EC115C9-6252-429E-A2D4-0AD7E8E7901A Shrub 20-45 cm tall; stems densely branched with spreading branches, rather densely leafy, densely appressed-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908820-1 wfo-0000008856 morphology 5EC115C9-6252-429E-A2D4-0AD7E8E7901A Leaves narrowly elliptic, 1.5-4 cm long, 0.2-1 cm wide, base attenuate, margins revolute, apex subacute to obtuse, apiculate, silvery appressed-pubescent above, densely white-tomentose and glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908820-1 wfo-0000008856 morphology 5EC115C9-6252-429E-A2D4-0AD7E8E7901A Capitula in lax rather few-headed terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre shortly campanulate, 4 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, 3-9 mm long, obtuse to acute, shortly pungent, darker green in centre in upper part, paler and sometimes purplish-tinged on the hyaline margins, pubescent distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908820-1 wfo-0000008856 morphology 5EC115C9-6252-429E-A2D4-0AD7E8E7901A Corolla deep violet or purple, 4.5-5.7 mm long, shortly hairy and glandular, lobes 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908820-1 wfo-0000008856 morphology 5EC115C9-6252-429E-A2D4-0AD7E8E7901A Achenes shortly prismatic, 1.5-2 mm long, truncate, obtusely 4-5-angled, sometimes glandular, ascending-pubescent especially on the angles and below the apex, crowned with a rim of short spreading cilia; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908820-1 wfo-0000043999 morphology B5C3667C-3ECF-44EC-99DC-8DBAA33E619F Annual herb 75 cm tall; stems thinly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935021-1 wfo-0000043999 morphology B5C3667C-3ECF-44EC-99DC-8DBAA33E619F Leaves elliptic, 2-3 cm long, 0.3-1 cm wide, base rounded, margins entire (?undulate), apex acute with a dark mucro, green and thinly tomentose above, white and thickly tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935021-1 wfo-0000043999 morphology B5C3667C-3ECF-44EC-99DC-8DBAA33E619F Capitula rather numerous in compound terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula finely pubescent; involucre hemispherical, 3 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries dark green in centre in upper part, hyaline on the margins, the outer narrowly ovate, inner oblong-elliptic, 3.8-4 mm long, obtuse, shortly weakly mucronulate-apiculate, finely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935021-1 wfo-0000043999 morphology B5C3667C-3ECF-44EC-99DC-8DBAA33E619F Corolla deep violet, 4-5 mm long, glandular, lobes 1.5-2 mm long, shortly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935021-1 wfo-0000043999 morphology B5C3667C-3ECF-44EC-99DC-8DBAA33E619F Achenes broadly turbinate, 1-1.5 mm long, truncate, 3-4-angled, finely rather densely ascending-hairy; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935021-1 wfo-0000108746 morphology 6AB3CFED-236A-4A15-B4C2-23F9ACBC6890 Annual or perennial herb 45-100 cm tall; stems erect or decumbent, branched, closely appressed-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897846-1 wfo-0000108746 morphology 6AB3CFED-236A-4A15-B4C2-23F9ACBC6890 Leaves elliptic to ovate, 6-12 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, cuneate into a petioloid base or in distal leaves rounded to subcordate, margins subentire, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, green and sparsely shortly hairy above, grey-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897846-1 wfo-0000108746 morphology 6AB3CFED-236A-4A15-B4C2-23F9ACBC6890 Capitula in short 2-4-headed terminal and upper axillary cymes; involucre campanulate-cylindrical, 4 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, 4.5-10 mm long, apex pungent, green with inconspicuous hyaline membranous margins, densely ascending-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897846-1 wfo-0000108746 morphology 6AB3CFED-236A-4A15-B4C2-23F9ACBC6890 Corolla pale magenta, mauve or lilac-blue, 7-8.5 mm long, lobes 1.3-2 mm long, glandular and densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897846-1 wfo-0000108746 morphology 6AB3CFED-236A-4A15-B4C2-23F9ACBC6890 Achenes obconic, 1.4-1.5 mm long, 5-7-ribbed, shortly ascending-hairy between ribs; pappus of very few caducous barbellate bristles 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897846-1 wfo-0000139344 morphology 942C649B-C3ED-4B37-8D64-050507E3401C Annual or short-lived perennial herb 30-200 cm tall; stems erect, branching, appressed-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277825-2 wfo-0000139344 morphology 942C649B-C3ED-4B37-8D64-050507E3401C Leaves alternate or often especially the lower subopposite or opposite, obovate-elliptic or (narrowly) ovate, 1.5-15 cm long, 0.5-6 cm wide, the lower cuneate or attenuate into a petioloid base, the upper subsessile, cuneate to rounded or cordate and semiamplexicaul at the base, all subentire, obtuse to shortly apiculate or sometimes acuminate, green and shortly pubescent above, grey-green or silvery with whitish pubescence beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277825-2 wfo-0000139344 morphology 942C649B-C3ED-4B37-8D64-050507E3401C Capitula in terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely appressed-pubescent; involucre hemispherical, campanulate or shortly cylindrical, 2.5-7 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-5-seriate, pallid green and glabrous in lower part, darker green centrally and almost glabrous to pubescent with white or brownish hairs and often glandular in upper part, often purplish in upper part below the apex and on the margins, narrowly to broadly ovate, 4-8.5 mm long, obtuse to acute and shortly apiculate or pungent, with rather prominent pale hyaline finely pectinate or pectinate-fimbriate membranous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277825-2 wfo-0000139344 morphology 942C649B-C3ED-4B37-8D64-050507E3401C Corolla purple, mauve or rarely whitish, 4.2-8 mm long, lobes 1.3-3.5 mm long, shortly stiffly hairy at the apex and sometimes also with some appressed T-shaped hairs, often glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277825-2 wfo-0000139344 morphology 942C649B-C3ED-4B37-8D64-050507E3401C Achenes broadly obovoid-cylindrical, 1-1.5 mm long, obtusely and sometimes broadly (4-)5(-6)-ribbed, smooth or sometimes slightly rugulose and shortly ascending-hairy or almost glabrous and glandular between the ribs; pappus of few barbellate bristles 0.5-2.5 mm long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277825-2 wfo-0000139344 morphology 942C649B-C3ED-4B37-8D64-050507E3401C Fig. 30/5 (achene), p.127. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:277825-2 wfo-0000041123 morphology 2DEC4458-95CF-4623-BE60-DEF049536154 Annual or short-lived perennial herb, sometimes weakly suffrutescent, 20-100 cm tall; stems appressed-pubescent, branches spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908819-1 wfo-0000041123 morphology 2DEC4458-95CF-4623-BE60-DEF049536154 Leaves mostly alternate, obovate to elliptic, 1.5-9 cm long, 0.3-3.5 cm wide, base cuneate, the distal leaves more rounded and more or less subsessile, margins obscurely denticulate, apex obtuse to subacute, shortly apiculate, green and shortly pubescent above, greyish white tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908819-1 wfo-0000041123 morphology 2DEC4458-95CF-4623-BE60-DEF049536154 Capitula in lax divaricately branching terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes; involucre more or less hemispherical, (2.7-)4-7 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, broadly ovate or elliptic, weakly and shortly pungent-apiculate, (4.5-)6-10 mm long, pallid and glabrous in the lower part, darker green centrally and glabrous or sometimes shortly finely pubescent and often glandular in the upper part, often purplish in upper half towards the apex and at the margins, all with distinctly laciniate-pectinate pallid hyaline margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908819-1 wfo-0000041123 morphology 2DEC4458-95CF-4623-BE60-DEF049536154 Corolla deep purple, purplish blue or violet, less often pale lilac, (4-)5.2-10 mm long, lobes 2-4 mm long, shortly stiffly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908819-1 wfo-0000041123 morphology 2DEC4458-95CF-4623-BE60-DEF049536154 Achenes broadly ellipsoid, 1.3 mm long, 5-ribbed, more or less rugulose between the ribs, almost glabrous, glandular; pappus of few bristles 1.5-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908819-1 wfo-0000018946 morphology BAF037ED-CF38-407D-959A-8A82FAD98418 Herb 75-120 cm tall; stems erect, much-branched, densely appressed-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210793-1 wfo-0000018946 morphology BAF037ED-CF38-407D-959A-8A82FAD98418 Leaves alternate, (narrowly) ovate or elliptic, 1.3-6 cm long, 0.4-1.8 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate into a petioloid base, in distal leaves more or less sessile and somewhat semi-amplexicaul at the base, margins subentire, apex subacute to rounded, apiculate, thinly pubescent above, white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210793-1 wfo-0000018946 morphology BAF037ED-CF38-407D-959A-8A82FAD98418 Capitula in lax divaricating terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely appressed-pubescent; involucre shortly cylindrical, 3-4.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, all narrowly ovate, 5-8 mm long, acute, pungent, darker green centrally, finely pubescent with white hairs, margins pallid, membranous, finely fimbriate-pectinate, often purple-tinged especially on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210793-1 wfo-0000018946 morphology BAF037ED-CF38-407D-959A-8A82FAD98418 Corolla purple or purple-mauve, 5.5-6.5 mm long, lobes 2-2.7 mm long, shortly stiffly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210793-1 wfo-0000018946 morphology BAF037ED-CF38-407D-959A-8A82FAD98418 Achenes shortly cylindrical or broadly obovoid, 1.1-1.3 mm long, obtusely 4-6-ribbed, smooth, glandular and finely ascending-hairy between the ribs; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210793-1 wfo-0000027355 morphology C2D068C8-A148-4F20-A34D-E3DD6B0BD5FD Perennial herb to 1 m high; stems 1-several, becoming woody proximally, erect, often with new whorls of leaves in the axils of mature leaves, densely appressed-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210779-1 wfo-0000027355 morphology C2D068C8-A148-4F20-A34D-E3DD6B0BD5FD Leaves alternate, sessile, narrowly ovate to elliptic, 5.5-8.5 cm long, 1.4-5 cm wide, margins remotely obscurely denticulate, apex subacute, apiculate, green and finely pubescent above, grey-tomentose and with brownish-tomentose reticulate venation beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210779-1 wfo-0000027355 morphology C2D068C8-A148-4F20-A34D-E3DD6B0BD5FD Capitula rather numerous in compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 2-15 mm long; involucre obconic-campanulate, 5-8 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, 2-8 mm long, darker in centre towards the apex and the inner purplish on the margins, otherwise pallid, densely finely pubescent, with narrow membranous slightly fimbriate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210779-1 wfo-0000027355 morphology C2D068C8-A148-4F20-A34D-E3DD6B0BD5FD Corolla light purple, 6-8 mm long, lobes 2.5 mm long, densely finely appressed-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210779-1 wfo-0000027355 morphology C2D068C8-A148-4F20-A34D-E3DD6B0BD5FD Achenes often slightly curved, 1.8-2 mm long, 5-6-ribbed, very shortly sparsely ascending-hairy between the ribs; pappus very scant, absent from most florets, 1.7-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210779-1 wfo-0000027355 morphology C2D068C8-A148-4F20-A34D-E3DD6B0BD5FD Fig. 30/4 (achene). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210779-1 wfo-0000129140 morphology 6965A82F-802C-419D-AE03-8D242DF1E085 Annual herb 20-45 cm tall; stems finely ascending-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935004-1 wfo-0000129140 morphology 6965A82F-802C-419D-AE03-8D242DF1E085 Leaves alternate or the proximal opposite, sessile, (narrowly) ovate, 1.7-7 cm long, 0.4-1.7 cm wide, base rounded to subcordate and somewhat amplexicaul, margins minutely serrulate or subentire, apex obtuse to subacute, apiculate, finely hairy above, white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935004-1 wfo-0000129140 morphology 6965A82F-802C-419D-AE03-8D242DF1E085 Capitula in terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes; involucre hemispherical, 3 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, dark green centrally below the apex, otherwise pallid, (narrowly) ovate, 3-6 mm long, pungent-cuspidate, rather conspicuously finely crispate-pubescent, margins hyaline, membranous, purplish-tinged, finely pectinate-fimbriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935004-1 wfo-0000129140 morphology 6965A82F-802C-419D-AE03-8D242DF1E085 Corolla deep mauve or blue, 5.5 mm long, lobes appressed-hairy, 2-2.6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935004-1 wfo-0000129140 morphology 6965A82F-802C-419D-AE03-8D242DF1E085 Achenes obconic-cylindrical, 1-1.4 mm long, 10-ribbed with alternating more and less prominent ribs, shortly sparsely hairy between the ribs; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935004-1 wfo-0000033173 morphology 6BDD08EE-79ED-4493-9963-D3B1B5FFDFC7 Annual herb 15-120 cm tall; stems erect, branching, grey-brown, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210795-1 wfo-0000033173 morphology 6BDD08EE-79ED-4493-9963-D3B1B5FFDFC7 Leaves opposite (proximally) or alternate, sessile, (narrowly) ovate, 2-11 cm long, 0.5-5 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded or cordate, margins subentire, apex obtuse and apiculate, green and sparsely pubescent above, white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210795-1 wfo-0000033173 morphology 6BDD08EE-79ED-4493-9963-D3B1B5FFDFC7 Capitula in rather lax terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula appressed-pubescent; involucre subglobose, 2-4 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, 2-6 mm long, the outer acute, slightly pungent, the inner obtuse, apiculate, all green centrally especially in upper part and with pallid membranous margins, finely rather densely pubescent to densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210795-1 wfo-0000033173 morphology 6BDD08EE-79ED-4493-9963-D3B1B5FFDFC7 Corolla 4-7.5 mm long, rich purple to pale violet blue, lilac or rarely white, densely hairy all over, lobes 1.5-2.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210795-1 wfo-0000033173 morphology 6BDD08EE-79ED-4493-9963-D3B1B5FFDFC7 Achenes ellipsoid, 1-1.7 mm long, 10-ribbed with 5 more prominent ribs alternating with 5 less prominent ribs, sparsely shortly hairy at least at the apex, to almost glabrous; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210795-1 wfo-0000033173 morphology 6BDD08EE-79ED-4493-9963-D3B1B5FFDFC7 Fig. 30/6 (achene), p. 127. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210795-1 wfo-0000044149 morphology BB2A73F0-1375-4F53-BD84-41B64A56692B Annual or perennial herb 3-75 cm tall, sometimes rather woody and often densely tufted; stems erect or rarely decumbent or spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210797-1 wfo-0000044149 morphology BB2A73F0-1375-4F53-BD84-41B64A56692B Leaves alternate or the proximal opposite, linear to narrowly ovate, (narrowly) elliptic or oblanceolate, 0.4-10 cm long, 0.1-1.4 cm wide, base cuneate to ± expanded-auriculate, margins subentire, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, green and sparsely pubescent to silvery-grey above, white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210797-1 wfo-0000044149 morphology BB2A73F0-1375-4F53-BD84-41B64A56692B Capitula rather few to very numerous in small to lax and diffuse terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly white-hairy; involucre obconic-turbinate to campanulate-hemispherical, 2-6 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, ovate to ovate-oblong, the inner 3.5-7 mm long, acute, pungent, straight or recurving at the apex, darker green and often purple-tinged at the centre towards the apex, densely pubescent to glabrescent, scarious and shortly pectinate-fimbriate at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210797-1 wfo-0000044149 morphology BB2A73F0-1375-4F53-BD84-41B64A56692B Corolla 3.3-7 mm long, purple or violet, rarely white, lobes white-hairy with appressed hairs, 1.3-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210797-1 wfo-0000044149 morphology BB2A73F0-1375-4F53-BD84-41B64A56692B Achenes obconic-cylindrical or ellipsoid-cylindrical, slightly constricted towards the apex, often slightly curved, 1.2-2.2 mm long, (7-)10-ribbed, with slightly more prominent ribs alternating with slightly less prominent ribs, sparsely ascending-hairy or glabrous; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210797-1 wfo-0000088568 morphology 4D6C6B73-301F-4E88-AEC3-D6EDD6F5369E Stem erect, to 75 cm high, branched in upper part; stems yellow- or reddish-pubescent, young branches grey-tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210792-1 wfo-0000088568 morphology 4D6C6B73-301F-4E88-AEC3-D6EDD6F5369E Leaves opposite, ovate to oblong, 5-7 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, the lower sessile and cuneate at base, the upper with the base subcordate and semi-amplexicaul, sparsely pubescent and glandular above, grey-tomentellous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210792-1 wfo-0000088568 morphology 4D6C6B73-301F-4E88-AEC3-D6EDD6F5369E Capitula small in lax inflorescences; stalks of individual capitula long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, subequal, lanceolate, acute, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210792-1 wfo-0000088568 morphology 4D6C6B73-301F-4E88-AEC3-D6EDD6F5369E Corolla purple, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210792-1 wfo-0000088568 morphology 4D6C6B73-301F-4E88-AEC3-D6EDD6F5369E Achenes obconic, brown, 10-12-ribbed, sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210792-1 wfo-0000080766 morphology 917A3DCE-0194-4F1F-B7CB-052CEA5BB398 Annual herb 5-120 cm tall or long, erect or rather scrambling; stems finely hairy with more or less appressed hairs and usually also with spreading crispate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210786-1 wfo-0000080766 morphology 917A3DCE-0194-4F1F-B7CB-052CEA5BB398 Leaves opposite or alternate, elliptic or narrowly ovate, 1.2-8 cm long, 0.3-2 cm wide, base rounded or subcordate and semi-amplexicaul, margins slightly revolute with minute teeth (difficult to see but easy to feel), apex obtuse, apiculate, green and scattered-hairy above, silvery-white tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210786-1 wfo-0000080766 morphology 917A3DCE-0194-4F1F-B7CB-052CEA5BB398 Capitula rather numerous in terminal and upper axillary corymbiform cymes on long stalks; stalks of individual capitula 1-5 mm long, crispate-pubescent; involucre obconic, 2-6 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, 1-6 mm long, acutely pungent, green in centre, pallid and fimbriate-pectinate at the margins, often purple-tinged in centre towards apex, finely crispate-pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210786-1 wfo-0000080766 morphology 917A3DCE-0194-4F1F-B7CB-052CEA5BB398 Florets ± 9 per capitulum; corolla purple or mauve, 3-5 mm long, densely hairy (especially the lobes), lobes 1.3-2.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210786-1 wfo-0000080766 morphology 917A3DCE-0194-4F1F-B7CB-052CEA5BB398 Achenes obovoid, 0.8-1.5 mm long, smooth, shallowly obtusely angled but not ribbed, shortly sparsely hairy or glabrous; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210786-1 wfo-0000080766 morphology 917A3DCE-0194-4F1F-B7CB-052CEA5BB398 Fig. 30/1-3 (p. 127). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210786-1 wfo-0000026202 morphology 98135C98-A5DF-41B1-A836-D5B23BFA9119 Annual herb, 10-25 cm high; stems simple or branched, puberulous with T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210798-1 wfo-0000026202 morphology 98135C98-A5DF-41B1-A836-D5B23BFA9119 Leaves opposite, becoming alternate on upper stem, sessile, linear, 1-5.5 cm long, 0.2-0.4 cm wide, apex mucronate, pilose to scabridulous above, white-felted beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210798-1 wfo-0000026202 morphology 98135C98-A5DF-41B1-A836-D5B23BFA9119 Capitula few to many in dense clusters; stalks of individual capitula to 1 mm long; involucre 3.3-5.5 mm long; phyllaries linear to lanceolate, 2-5 mm long, purple spine-tipped, white-lanate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210798-1 wfo-0000026202 morphology 98135C98-A5DF-41B1-A836-D5B23BFA9119 Corolla purple, 3-5 mm long, pubescent with T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210798-1 wfo-0000026202 morphology 98135C98-A5DF-41B1-A836-D5B23BFA9119 Achenes dark brown, ± 1.3 mm long, 10-ribbed, sparsely hairy; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:210798-1 wfo-0000045193 morphology D0363A88-39D1-43FB-B00B-B878A55CC197 Perennial herb with annual shoots 12-40 cm tall, from a woody rootstock; stems with spreading crispate hairs and finer ascending hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945380-1 wfo-0000045193 morphology D0363A88-39D1-43FB-B00B-B878A55CC197 Leaves elliptic or (ob)ovate, 1.5-4.5 cm long, 0.5-1.7 cm wide, base obtuse or slightly subcordate, margins irregularly dentate, apex obtuse with a mucro or acute, bearing a few scattered hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945380-1 wfo-0000045193 morphology D0363A88-39D1-43FB-B00B-B878A55CC197 Capitula terminal on the branches, solitary; stalks of capitula 2-20 mm long; involucre hemispherical, 11-12 mm long, 10-14 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, acute, pubescent and glandular, the median narrowly purple on the margins, the inner pungent, fimbriate-pectinate on upper margins, 8-11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945380-1 wfo-0000045193 morphology D0363A88-39D1-43FB-B00B-B878A55CC197 Florets up to 84; corolla purple, 7-10 mm long, lobes 3-3.5 mm long, stiffly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945380-1 wfo-0000045193 morphology D0363A88-39D1-43FB-B00B-B878A55CC197 Achenes 2-3 mm long, prismatic, 4-6-angled, with a few minute apical cilia around the rim; pappus white, 2.5-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945380-1 wfo-0000025708 morphology 32F7983A-187A-4F21-9686-2DBA1EABF02C Perennial herb 20-75 cm tall, rhizomatous; stems several, ascending or decumbent, sericeous-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204937-1 wfo-0000025708 morphology 32F7983A-187A-4F21-9686-2DBA1EABF02C Leaves elliptic or slightly obovate, 2.5-12 cm long, 0.5-3 cm wide, slightly narrowed towards and semi-amplexicaul at the base, entire or rarely obscurely serrulate, obtuse to acute, apiculate, rather thinly to densely shortly pubescent above and thinly to densely pubescent with long white hairs beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204937-1 wfo-0000025708 morphology 32F7983A-187A-4F21-9686-2DBA1EABF02C Capitula terminal on the branches, solitary or rarely 2-3 together, 25-40 mm in diameter; stalks of individual capitula stout, ascending-tomentose; involucres hemispherical, 8-16 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, the outer foliaceous, ovate, 9-14 mm long, acute, ascending-tomentose, inner narrowly ovate, 8-10.5 mm long, attenuate, purplish at the apex and along the upper margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204937-1 wfo-0000025708 morphology 32F7983A-187A-4F21-9686-2DBA1EABF02C Corolla bright purple or mauve, 13-14 mm long, lobes 3.5-5 mm long, with a few short, stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204937-1 wfo-0000025708 morphology 32F7983A-187A-4F21-9686-2DBA1EABF02C Achenes 3 mm long, prismatic and 3-5-angled or cylindrical and finely 10-ribbed, glabrous; pappus 2-2.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204937-1 wfo-0000110800 morphology D6E51475-D693-4C8F-B7D8-788DDFC137CB Erect branching annual herb 23-180 cm tall; stems with spreading and ascending crispate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204924-1 wfo-0000110800 morphology D6E51475-D693-4C8F-B7D8-788DDFC137CB Leaves elliptic or slightly (ob-)ovate, 3.5-8.5 cm long, 0.5-2.2 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins serrulate to denticulate or subentire, apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate, shortly usually sparsely pubescent above, sparsely crispate-pubescent to sericeous-pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204924-1 wfo-0000110800 morphology D6E51475-D693-4C8F-B7D8-788DDFC137CB Capitula solitary and terminal on the branches, the upper part of the plant forming a lax corymbiform cyme; stalks of individual capitula stout, with dense ascending crispate sericeous indumentum; involucre obconic-turbinate, 7-10 mm in diameter at flowering time; receptacle concave, alveolate, fimbrillate or hairy, the outer and median phyllaries adnate to and arising from it; phyllaries 4-5-seriate, numerous, narrowly ovate and attenuate, often pungent, the outer and median keeled, the outer often recurving, the inner erect, 6.5-8 mm long, all rather densely ascending-pubescent and more or less purplish at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204924-1 wfo-0000110800 morphology D6E51475-D693-4C8F-B7D8-788DDFC137CB Corolla purple, 8.5 mm long, lobes 2.3-2.5 mm long, hairy at the apex with multicellular hairs; styles purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204924-1 wfo-0000192269 morphology 1DFAF7D2-6C41-4CAA-9404-A85459201310 The calyx-lobes and stamens are up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499371-1 wfo-0000192269 morphology 1DFAF7D2-6C41-4CAA-9404-A85459201310 The biramous hairs on the pods are almost wholly black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499371-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Coarse branching usually erect herb up to 2 m. tall, everywhere strigose, some or many of the biramous hairs being brown or black, except on the leaflets; glandular multicellular hairs always present on the pods and usually on the stems, inflorescence and leaf-rhachis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Stipules subulate, spreading; leaflets 3–15, more or less elliptic, about twice as long as wide, or narrower, up to 25 mm. long and 8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Racemes many-flowered, dense, pedunculate, often ± secund. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Calyx deeply divided; lobes narrowly triangular, with subulate-setaceous tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Corolla dark strigose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Stamens 4–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Ovary much shorter than the style, which is bent through 90° beyond the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Pod straight, with both dark or pale biramous hairs and more or less glandular multicellular hairs, 3–8-seeded; endocarp hardly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000190543 morphology 7194EA2F-E6F3-43AA-BDC1-FBED7A29F37E Seeds smooth, subspherical. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499012-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 An erect annual or short-lived perennial up to 1 m. tall, appressed brown and white strigose without multicellular hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 Stipules subulate, up to 3 mm. long; rhachis, including a petiole of 1–3 mm., up to 17 mm. long, prolonged 0–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 3 or rarely 5, oblanceolate, up to 20 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, the terminal longer than the lateral, strigose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 Racemes very dense, 15–20-flowered, ± blackish strigose, the fertile part 1–2 cm., the peduncle up to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 Calyx blackish strigose, 2–3 mm. long, divided almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 Standard pointed, dark strigose outside. Keel rostrate, blackish strigose near the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000195099 morphology 46726C95-4120-4553-A804-0B4FB2149796 Pod up to 4 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, with black or grey biramous hairs, without multicellular hairs, 1–2-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499964-1 wfo-0000190530 morphology C026D222-3D9B-46D9-BF61-9088BA70974B Closely related to I. schliebenii, but the leaflets are more numerous (5–7) and wider in proportion to their length (up to 15 mm. long and 8 mm. wide), the peduncle is up to 4.5 cm. long, the standard is not pointed, the keel is not rostrate, and the stamens are 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499011-1 wfo-0000194024 morphology 9AA1A03D-1B27-4829-AEC9-6748F170B269 Erect annual or short-lived perennial herb, usually with rather purplish stems, up to 2 m. tall, everywhere covered with short appressed biramous hairs which are almost all brown or blackish on the pod, corolla and calyx, mixed brown and white on the inflorescence and mainly white elsewhere; multicellular hairs usually present on the pods, sometimes elsewhere. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499733-1 wfo-0000194024 morphology 9AA1A03D-1B27-4829-AEC9-6748F170B269 Stipules subulate, 1–4 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 4 cm. long including a petiole of 2–15 mm., prolonged 2–8 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, narrowly elliptic-oblong, up to 25mm. long and 10 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499733-1 wfo-0000194024 morphology 9AA1A03D-1B27-4829-AEC9-6748F170B269 Racemes many-flowered, ± secund, usually dense, up to 10 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 3 cm.; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499733-1 wfo-0000194024 morphology 9AA1A03D-1B27-4829-AEC9-6748F170B269 Calyx dark brown, with triangular-subulate teeth up to half as long as the 2.5–3.5 mm. long filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499733-1 wfo-0000194024 morphology 9AA1A03D-1B27-4829-AEC9-6748F170B269 Pod spreading or somewhat ascending, cylindrical, 3–7 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, the multicellular hairs, when present, pale, 1- or more often 2-seeded; endocarp hardly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499733-1 wfo-0000194024 morphology 9AA1A03D-1B27-4829-AEC9-6748F170B269 Seeds yellowish, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499733-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Spreading annual 20–40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Stems reddish, softly setose, with some dark, but many more white, rather spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Stipules linear, setose, up to 5 mm. long, with a tuft of minute red glandular hairs at their base; leaf-rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 1 cm., prolonged 2–10 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; petiolules pilose, 1.5 mm. long, with similar red glandular hairs at their base; leaflets 5–9, opposite, elliptic-oblong, rounded and apiculate at the tip, up to 22 mm. long and 9 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Racemes softly pilose with mainly white hairs, up to 18 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 3 cm., ± secund in fruit; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 4 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long, spreading in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Calyx pilose, with spreading hairs up to 1 mm. long chiefly white in colour; tube ± 0.5 mm. long; lobes almost filiform, up to 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Corolla irregularly white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Filaments crimson, 4–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Style ± 3.5 mm. long, curved through more than 90° about 2.5 mm. from the base; stigma depressed-globose, about twice as wide as the style. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Pod elliptic-oblong, 7–8 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, 3 mm. thick, setose both with soft white hairs and fewer stiffer blackish hairs; endocarp strongly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000195218 morphology E8AC9DC9-6A00-43DD-A3AC-D974E3C6B9EB Seeds 2, grey, ± cuboid, deeply pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499990-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Spreading annual, somewhat woody at the base; stems dark reddish, very sparsely appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Stipules triangular, ± 1 mm. long; rhachis dark reddish, sparingly strigulose, up to 25 mm. long, including a petiole of up to 5 mm., prolonged 2–4 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–9, cuneate, elliptic-oblong, emarginate and apiculate at the apex, up to 9 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, glabrous above and finely strigulose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Racemes laxly 10–15-flowered, sparingly strigulose, up to 5 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 2 cm.; bracts oblong, acute, ± 1 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels up to 1.5 mm. long, erect or spreading in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Calyx ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Corolla strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Stamens 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Pod blackish, rather torulose, 10–18 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, ± 2.3 mm. thick; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193086 morphology 226A3129-7E17-403D-91AE-4781538EF884 Seeds 5–8, not pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499551-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Low spreading perennial, sometimes rooting at the nodes; stems reddish with a very few appressed hairs, often rather woody at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Stipules subulate-setaceous, up to 5 mm. long; rhachis sparingly strigulose, up to 43 mm. long, including a petiole of up to 5 mm., prolonged some 2 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 7–13, with well-developed filiform stipellae, narrowly cuneate-oblong, mucronate, up to 15 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, glabrous or nearly so above, strigulose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Racemes 10–25-flowered, sparingly strigulose, up to 20 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 5 cm.; bracts filiform, 1–5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels 1.5 mm. long, ± reflexed after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Calyx sparingly strigulose, up to 5 mm. long; lobes narrowly triangular, longer than the tube, the lower lobe longer than the others. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Standard white puberulent outside; wings and keel puberulent at the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Stamens 13–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000193274 morphology 4DB6BE4D-F8D5-4168-9251-E3807AC78229 Fruit with thickened sutures, somewhat upturned near the apex, beaked, ± 4 cm. long and 2.5 mm. wide, glabrous, ± 13-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499585-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Softly woody shrub up to 2 m. tall; stems often slightly zigzag, pubescent at first, then glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Stipules filiform, pubescent, up to 18 mm. long; rhachis pubescent, up to 13 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 10 mm., prolonged 5–9 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 11–23, with filiform stipellae 2–3 mm. long exceeding the petiolules, rather paler beneath than above, elliptic-lanceolate, pointed at the base, up to 25 mm. long and 11 mm. wide, sparsely silky pubescent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Racemes densely many-flowered, pubescent, up to 11 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 15 mm.; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long, out-topping the buds, pubescent, caducous; pedicels pubescent, 1.5 mm. long in flower, up to 3 mm. long and usually reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Calyx pubescent; lobes triangular, ± as long as the tube, the lower longer than the upper. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Corolla white puberulent outside; standard and keel pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Stamens 13–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Ovary glabrous, with ± 14 ovules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000192214 morphology 0E0F92E1-A9F2-4439-84EE-DB48D82A45F3 Pod (immature) almost straight, up to 4 cm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499368-1 wfo-0000195691 morphology CDB5EE73-E0C4-49FA-9C7F-8136C3508F36 Differs from I. fulgens Bak. in the following respects. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500067-1 wfo-0000195691 morphology CDB5EE73-E0C4-49FA-9C7F-8136C3508F36 Leaflets 7–15, becoming rather rigid, up to 3 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, but often much smaller and narrower, rounded, truncate or cordate at the base, densely or sparsely silky pubescent on both surfaces, conspicuously darker above than beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500067-1 wfo-0000195691 morphology CDB5EE73-E0C4-49FA-9C7F-8136C3508F36 Standard white puberulent outside, like the keel, rounded or truncate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500067-1 wfo-0000195691 morphology CDB5EE73-E0C4-49FA-9C7F-8136C3508F36 Stamens 9–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500067-1 wfo-0000195691 morphology CDB5EE73-E0C4-49FA-9C7F-8136C3508F36 Pods cylindrical, up to 5 or 6 cm. long, ± 3 mm. wide; endocarp densely spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500067-1 wfo-0000195691 morphology CDB5EE73-E0C4-49FA-9C7F-8136C3508F36 Seeds 6–10, widely separated, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500067-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Softly woody shrub up to 2.5 m. tall; stems 3-angled or narrowly winged, sparingly strigulose, or, less often, brown pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Stipules linear-attenuate, up to 1 cm. long; rhachis sparsely strigulose, up to 2 or 3 mm. wide near the base, up to 14 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 2 cm., prolonged up to 10 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets firm, 11–17 or rarely 19, with petiolules up to 4 mm. long and filiform stipellae up to 2 mm. long, elliptic-oblong, up to 45 mm. long and 20 mm. wide, sparingly strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Racemes many-flowered, densely brown strigulose, up to 16 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 6 cm.; bracts lanceolate, sometimes large (up to 5 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide) and reflexed at the tip, sometimes shorter, narrower and straight, caducous; pedicels ± 2 mm. long in flower, ± 4 mm. long and reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Calyx densely brown strigulose, 1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Corolla densely brown strigulose outside; keel obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Stamens 5–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Pod cylindrical, wider towards the apex, shortly beaked and sometimes upturned at the tip, up to 4.5 cm. long and 3 mm. wide; endocarp brown, obscurely spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000192819 morphology 60741C08-832C-4AA6-B089-48E7C27E93E2 Seeds 6–8, round, smooth, widely separated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499470-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Softly woody shrub up to 1.3 m. tall; branches cylindrical, brown, almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Stipules subulate, ± 2 mm. long; stipellae subulate, 1.5 mm. long; rhachis almost glabrous, up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of 12–17 mm., prolonged 7–12 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; petiolules up to 2.5 mm. long; leaflets 5–9, obovate or almost orbicular, broadly cuneate at the base, emarginate and apiculate at the apex, up to 18 mm. long and 14 mm. wide, glabrous above, finely strigulose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Raceme almost glabrous, many-flowered, up to 14 cm. long, including a peduncle of 1.5–3 cm.; bracts narrowly triangular, up to 1.5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels strigulose, up to 3 mm. long in flower, spreading or subreflexed and up to 4 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Calyx strigulose, ± 2 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Corolla strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Stamens 13–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Pod almost 6 cm. long, ± 4 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000194314 morphology 41564700-48E2-4AAE-A3BF-CB6354BDDF4D Seeds 10–11, well separated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499801-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Perennial herb with a woody rootstock; stems pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Leaves at the base of the shoots vestigial, the lamina reduced to a short point, those above these 1-foliolate and those at the top of the shoots 3–5(or, outside Flora area, –9)-foliolate; stipules narrowly triangular-setaceous, up to 12 mm. long; petiole 2–4 mm. long, the rhachis not prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets linear-lanceolate, sparsely strigulose, sometimes glabrous above; after flowering the simple leaves may reach 8 cm. in length and 1 cm. in width, the leaflets of compound leaves 5 cm. and 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Racemes 15–40-flowered, borne in the axils of the vestigial leaves below the immature foliage leaves, up to 15 cm. long in fruit, including a peduncle of up to 4 cm., much shorter in flower; bracts lanceolate, very caducous, up to 5 mm. long; pedicels in flower up to 1 mm. long, in fruit 2 mm., spreading or deflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Calyx sparingly pilose, 3–4 mm. long, the lobes narrowly triangular with subulate tips, longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Corolla almost glabrous, the keel not rostrate, laterally spurred. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Fruit up to 2.5 cm. long, 2.8 mm. wide, 1.5 mm. thick, appressed strigulose, 7–10-seeded; endocarp not, or hardly, spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000195895 morphology 5D293D54-1F0D-4ABC-89A3-7CB2F093BE8F Seeds smooth, oblong, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500104-1 wfo-0000194331 morphology 1C882A04-6047-4DE7-9BD8-C83773C53E10 Perennial with an underground woody rootstock and erect subglabrous annual shoots up to 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499809-1 wfo-0000194331 morphology 1C882A04-6047-4DE7-9BD8-C83773C53E10 Leaves 1-foliolate; stipules narrowly triangular, strigose, up to 7 mm. long; petiole almost glabrous, up to 12 cm. long; stipellae glabrous, 2–3 mm. long; petiolule blackish, 4–5 mm. long; leaflet peltate, ovate, up to 14 cm. long and 10 cm. wide, glabrous above, sparsely appressed strigose beneath with biramous hairs; midrib, principal nerves and reticulate venation strongly and clearly developed; insertion of petiolule about twice as close to the base as to the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499809-1 wfo-0000194331 morphology 1C882A04-6047-4DE7-9BD8-C83773C53E10 Racemes precocious, 2–3 on each shoot, in the axils of reduced scale-like leaves below the foliage leaves or, occasionally, the uppermost in the axil of the lowest foliage leaf, many-flowered, after flowering up to 12 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499809-1 wfo-0000194331 morphology 1C882A04-6047-4DE7-9BD8-C83773C53E10 Flowers closely resembling those of 106, I. rhynchocarpa and 104, I. garckeana. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499809-1 wfo-0000194331 morphology 1C882A04-6047-4DE7-9BD8-C83773C53E10 Ovary white strigulose, 11–12-ovulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499809-1 wfo-0000194331 morphology 1C882A04-6047-4DE7-9BD8-C83773C53E10 Pod unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499809-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Softly woody shrub up to 2 m. tall; branches brownish strigulose, obscurely ± 6-angled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Stipules setaceous, up to 8 mm. long; stipellae filiform, up to 4 mm. long; rhachis brownish strigulose, up to 8 cm. long, including a petiole of 2–3 cm., prolonged up to 15 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; petiolules densely pubescent, up to 3 mm. long; leaflets 5–7 or –11, oblong-elliptic, apiculate, up to 5 cm. long and 3.5 cm. wide but usually half that size, with a well-marked reticulate venation, strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Racemes many-flowered, blackish strigulose, up to 16 cm. long, including a peduncle of ± 3 cm.; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 6 mm. long, caducous; pedicels 2 mm. long in flower, reflexed and up to 5 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Calyx densely brown strigulose; teeth subulate, up to 2 mm. long, the upper pair very widely separated, so that all 5 teeth appear bunched together at the abaxial side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Corolla densely brown strigulose outside; standard pointed; keel rather rostrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Stamens 10–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Pod cylindrical, ± 5 cm. long, including the glabrous 4–5 mm. long stipe and a 3–4 mm. long point, ± 2.8 mm. wide, blackish strigulose; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194417 morphology FBBD7CA1-3214-42D4-B9EC-E56E74FF8FD0 Seeds ± 8, well separated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499832-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Softly woody shrub up to 2 m. tall; branches densely appressed strigulose when young, glabrescent later. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Stipules subulate, up to 4 mm. long; rhachis strigulose, up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 2.5 cm., prolonged up to 12 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae subulate, ± 1 mm. long; petiolules ± 2 mm. long; leaflets 3–7, ovate-oblong or elliptic, sparsely strigulose on both surfaces, much paler beneath than above; terminal leaflet about twice as large as the others, up to 7 cm. long and 4 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Racemes brownish strigulose, many-flowered, up to 4 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 4 mm.; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 2 mm. long, caducous; pedicels reflexed in fruit, up to ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Calyx brownish strigulose, ± 1 mm. long; lobes shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Corolla densely appressed brownish strigulose outside; standard rather pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Stamens 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Pod with thickened sutures, ± 4 cm. long, including a stipe and point each of 4–5 mm., greatly constricted between the seeds, each segment ± 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 1.7 mm. thick, the isthmi 1 mm. or less wide, brownish strigulose; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000194123 morphology 63B6EDB7-5374-4D84-A9DE-8547F6A059B2 Seeds 5–7, oblong, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499757-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Softly woody shrub up to 3 m. tall, but sometimes flowering on much shorter coppiced shoots; stems 3–4-angled or winged, strigulose or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Stipules subulate-setaceous, up to 10 mm. long; rhachis rather flattened, brownish or whitish pubescent, ± 10 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 3 cm., prolonged up to 10 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae filiform, up to 3 mm. long; petiolules up to 4 mm. long; leaflets 5–9, rarely 3 or 11–13, oblong-elliptic, apiculate, up to 5 cm. long and 2.8 cm. wide, usually strigulose on both surfaces, pubescent on the nerves beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Racemes brownish strigulose or pubescent, many-flowered, up to 25 cm. long in fruit, including a peduncle of ± 2–3 cm.; bracts lanceolate, erect, up to 8 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 2 mm. in flower, reflexed and ± 3 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Calyx densely strigulose, nearly 2 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Corolla densely golden-brown strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Stamens 12–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Pod usually upturned and pointed at the tip, the style-base not thickened, somewhat tetragonal, 5–6 cm. long, ± 3.5 mm. wide and 3 mm. thick, strigulose, 13–17-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000192310 morphology E59106B1-387E-4828-A90E-5CCC7C1EDD5F Fig. 44/10, p. 298. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499377-1 wfo-0000190809 morphology 698F6B7D-1BF7-4F6D-B6CD-C779A31B14EC Closely related to I. garckeana, from which it differs in its more slender cylindrical or only very slightly 3-angled stems, in the indumentum of the stems, leaf-rhachides and leaf-midribs being appressed and that of the calyx being usually white (except in some Uganda specimens). Leaflets rarely more than 7 in number and usually wider in proportion to their length, and more obtuse than those of I. garckeana. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499049-1 wfo-0000194850 morphology 971E303B-2D77-4733-B1F1-1066797F6CF7 A shrub up to 2 m. tall, but sometimes flowering on short coppice shoots; stems cylindrical, more definitely woody than those of I. garckeana and not, or hardly winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499916-1 wfo-0000194850 morphology 971E303B-2D77-4733-B1F1-1066797F6CF7 Leaflets 5–7 (rarely 3 or 9), up to 8–10 cm., but more often 3–5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499916-1 wfo-0000194850 morphology 971E303B-2D77-4733-B1F1-1066797F6CF7 Racemes usually under 8, sometimes up to 15 cm. long, including a peduncle usually under 1, rarely up to 2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499916-1 wfo-0000194850 morphology 971E303B-2D77-4733-B1F1-1066797F6CF7 Pod upturned at the apex, with a curiously thickened style-base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499916-1 wfo-0000194850 morphology 971E303B-2D77-4733-B1F1-1066797F6CF7 Otherwise as in I. garckeana. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499916-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Erect herb 1–1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Stems somewhat ridged, like the leaf- and inflorescence-rhachides rather densely covered with short stiff spreading dark brown biramous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Stipules narrowly triangular-linear, up to 7 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 17 cm. long, including a petiole of 2–3 cm., prolonged up to 7 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; petiolules 1–2 mm.; stipellae up to 3 mm. long; leaflets 11–27, oblong-elliptic, up to 23 mm. long, 8–10 mm. wide, ending in a mucro up to 1.5 mm. long, white pilose on both surfaces, but the hairs beneath the midrib brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Racemes many-flowered, 12–19 cm. long, including a peduncle of 5–7 cm.; bracts narrowly triangular-linear, up to 6 mm. long, caducous; pedicels up to 3 mm. long, finally reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Calyx dark brown, pubescent; tube 2 mm. long; lobes triangular-acuminate, the lowest 2 mm. long, the upper shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Standard densely crisped white pubescent outside, 12–15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Fruit a capsule, subglobose or obovoid, dehiscing by 2(–?3) valves between the style-bases, all floral parts (except anthers) persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000632 morphology D4BDAFA7-028D-4E7A-B4D0-84DA12C9ECD6 Seeds numerous, oblong, minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126636-1 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Perennial herbs or shrubs; indument highly diverse, often not strictly epidermal;  stems mostly elongate and branched, covered with persistent leaf-sheaths, fibrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Leaves (young, complete) in a fascicle at the end of the stem or of each branch; sheaths densely imbricate, cylindric with a V-shaped sinus opposite the blade; blades narrow and grass-like, persistent and gradually decomposing with age or deciduous by a symmetrical transverse line urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Peduncles at the end of the stem or of each branch, 1-flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Flowers perfect or rarely functionally unisexual (Barbaceniopsis) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Perianth-tube equalling to greatly exceeding the ovary and adnate to it; tepals 6 in 2 series but usually almost identical urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Stamens 6 or numerous >i>(Vellozia in part); filaments terete and slender or variously flattened and forming a corona-like ring; anthers linear, introrse, opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Ovary 3-locular, inferior; style slender, elongate; stigmas linear and vertical or orbicular and horizontal from the apex of the style (>i>Vellozia); ovules numerous in many rows on stalked placentas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Fruit a tardily and irregularly dehiscent capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000634 morphology 9D6BC960-80CF-418E-A162-6F85EEBCF72D Seeds numerous; embryo small in a copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003090-2 wfo-7000000109 morphology 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C Annual or perennial erect or climbing herbs without latex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000109 morphology 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C Leaves alternate or opposite, simple, undivided or palmately lobed or divided into separate leaflets; petioles well developed; stipules present, free or fused urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000109 morphology 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C Flowers mostly dioecious, axillary, wind-pollinated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000109 morphology 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C Male paniculate; perianth 5-partite with imbricate segments; stamens 5, opposite the tepals, the anthers straight, erect in bud, 2-thecous, at first dehiscing by apical oval pores but soon dehiscing lengthwise; vestigial ovary absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000109 morphology 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C Female ± sessile, crowded or strobilate, tightly covered or loosely subtended by small or large conspicuous persistent bracteoles; bracts also present; perianth membranous, entire, investing the ovary; ovary superior, sessile, 1-locular with 1 pendulous anatropous ovule; style terminal, short, with 2 long filiform stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000109 morphology 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C Fruit an achene covered by the persistent perianth; endosperm sparse, fleshy and oily; embryo curved or spirally coiled urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000109 distribution 1B77A25A-3C1D-4105-85E4-85881BD9198C A family of only 2 genera occurring naturally in the temperate parts of the northern hemisphere, formerly included in either Urticaceae or >i>Moraceae. The number of species is in dispute; >i>Cannabis is usually considered to be monotypic but a second species >i>C. ruderalis Janisch has been described; >i>Humulus is usually considered to contain 2 species although 3–4 have been claimed. Although small the family is of considerable economic importance, >i>Humulus being used to flavour beer and >i>Cannabis to produce the fibre hemp and the drug variously known as bhang, dagga, hashish, pot, marijuana and Indian hemp. A very full account of the family and generic characteristics, together with an extensive bibliography, is given by N. G. Miller (Journ. Arn. Arb. 51: 185–203 (1970)) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126717-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Leaves spiral; blades simple, entire, pendulous to perpendicularly hinged from the long erect petioles; petioles with a swelling (pulvinus) at the apex and base; stipules paired, very quickly caducous, leaving a horseshoe-shaped, scale-like scar with a sessile gland on either side of the petiole-base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Flowers hermaphrodite, regular, in terminal corymbs or panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Receptacle with sessile glands around the rim urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Sepals (4–)5, free, imbricate in bud, caducous on expansion of the flower urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Petals (4–)5(–7), free, imbricate in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Stamens numerous, inserted on the annular disc; filaments free; anthers with 2 horseshoe-shaped thecae, dehiscing by short slits on the apical bend urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Ovary superior, 1-locular; ovules numerous on 2(–3) parietal placentas; style simple, elongated; stigma shortly 2-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Fruit an echinate, setose or smooth capsule, loculicidally bivalved (rarely 3-valved) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000074 morphology 251B159A-FDA3-4104-B6E0-4173AD9DC571 Seeds numerous; testa fleshy; endosperm copious; embryo large urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126586-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Small trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Leaves alternate, opposite or subopposite, simple, entire, penninerved, usually petiolate, deciduous; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Flowers dioecious in terminal or axillary inflorescences, the ? flowers in few-flowered panicles, the ? flowers solitary or rarely paired urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Male flowers: calyx-tube cupular or flattened out, ± entire or shortly 3–5-lobed; petals yellow-green, 3–5, imbricate, slightly fleshy, deciduous, inserted below the margin of the fleshy disk; stamens yellowish, 3–5, similarly inserted and alternating with the petals; anther-thecae dehiscing by longitudinal slits; rudimentary ovary absent or minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Female flowers: calyx-tube elongate, shortly produced beyond the ovary, scarcely or minutely 4–5-lobed at the apex; petals 4–5, imbricate, slightly fleshy, deciduous; disk fleshy, epigynous, 4–5-angled; staminodes 4–5, inserted below the margin of the disk and alternating with the petals; ovary inferior, (1–)2-locular; style short, thick, 2-fid or 2-lobed; stigmas 2, large; ovules (2–)3–9(–12) in each locule, axile, 1–2-seriate, erect or pendulous, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Fruit a loculicidally dehiscent capsule or indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000394 morphology 10F9869D-1B03-41C6-8DF4-E1072236F73E Seeds ± globular or compressed and winged; endosperm copious or absent; embryo straight, with round compressed cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126655-1 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Herbaceous terrestrial, epiphytic or aquatic plants all with specialized organs for the capture of small organisms urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Roots frequently absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Leaves rosulate or scattered on stolons, entire or divided, sometimes polymorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Inflorescence terminal or lateral, peduncled, racemose, simple or sparingly branched, bracteate; lowest bracts (scales) usually barren; bracteoles 2 or 0 or ± connate with the bract, usually at the base of the pedicels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Calyx deeply 2–4- or 5-partite, almost regular or ± 2-lobed or the sepals free to the base, persistent and often accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Corolla gamopetalous, 2-lipped, usually spurred, rarely saccate, usually violet or yellow; tube very short; upper lip interior, entire or ± 2- or rarely more lobed; lower lip entire or 2–5-lobed, usually with a raised ± gibbous palate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Stamens 2, anticous, inserted at the base of the corolla; filaments usually short, usually curved, rarely longer and geniculate; anthers 2-thecous; thecae diverging, ± confluent, dehiscing by a common slit urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Ovary superior, 1-locular; carpels 2, median; style simple, usually short or very short, rarely longer and geniculate; stigma ± 2-lipped, the upper lip smaller than the lower or ± obsolete; placenta free central or free basal, usually ovoid or globose; ovules usually numerous, sessile, rarely fewer or 2, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Fruit a 1-celled capsule, 2–many-seeded, dehiscing by longitudinal slits or by pores or circumscissile or rarely indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000326 morphology 7E812CC1-E7AB-4C6B-8AA2-2FF97817DE12 Seeds small or very small, very variously shaped; testa thin or spongy or corky, rarely mucilaginous; endosperm 0; embryo undifferentiated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001689-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Small trees, shrubs, woody climbers or rarely herbs, often with soft pith urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Leaves opposite or less often alternate, simple or pinnately compound; stipules absent or very small, rarely conspicuous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Inflorescences mainly cymose, less often flowers solitary or paired; bracts and bracteoles usually present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Flowers regular or irregular, hermaphrodite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Calyx-tube joined with the ovary; limb (3–)4–5-fid or -toothed, the teeth imbricate or open urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Corolla gamopetalous, tubular, funnel-shaped, campanulate or rotate, 3–5-lobed, sometimes 2-lipped, the lobes imbricate or less often valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Stamens 4–5, inserted in the corolla-tube and alternate with the lobes; anthers 2-thecous, opening lengthwise inwards or outwards urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Ovary inferior, 2–8-locular, with 1-many pendulous ovules in each locule; placentation axile or parietal; style simple or wanting; stigma ], capitate, or stigmas as many as the carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000112 morphology FF8AD383-A46E-4379-A33C-4D3092A953D3 Fruit a berry or drupe, less often a capsule or achene, 1–5-locular with 1–many seeds or as many pyrenes as locules; endosperm copious; embryo mostly small and straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000739-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Perennial, rarely annual, herbs or small shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Leaves alternate or in basal rosettes, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Flowers 1–several in usually 3-bracteate spikelets; spikelets grouped into spikes or compact heads urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Sepals united, tubular or funnel-shaped, 5-nerved, often 5-ribbed or 5-angled; limb sometimes membranous or scarious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Corolla actinomorphic, tubular or funnel-shaped with 5 lobes, or petals connate only at base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Stamens 5, antipetalous, inserted at base of corolla; anthers dithecous, dehiscent longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Ovary superior, sessile or stalked, 1-locular; ovule 1, anatropous, pendulous from a basal funicle; styles 5, or style 1 with 5 stigma-lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Fruit a dry 1-seeded capsule, often enclosed in the persistent calyx, indehiscent or dehiscing irregularly or by splitting in a complete ring near base, or operculate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000482 morphology D7B72FE9-E8AB-442D-991F-3B5B73E9C3C3 Endosperm abundant, scanty or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000293-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Shrubs and trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Leaves simple, usually opposite and persistent; stipules interpetiolar, caducous or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Flowers usually bisexual (rarely monoecious) regular, axillary, solitary to numerous in dichotomous cymes, racemes of spikes or fascicles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Calyx connate, 4–15-partite, valvate in aestivation, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Petals equalling calyx-lobes in number, distinct, often clawed, sometimes fleshy or folded, frequently divided above urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Stamens perigynous or epigynous, 2–4 times as many as the calyx-lobes, usually in one whorl, sometimes in pairs opposite the petals, variously inserted in relation to the disc if present; filaments sometimes very short; anthers introrse, characteristically 4-celled and dehiscing longitudinally (with numerous pollen sacs, dehiscing irregularly in Rhizophora) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Ovary syncarpous, superior to inferior, (1–) 2–4 (–5)-celled; placentae axile, each with usually 2 pendulous anatropous ovules (1 in >i>Anisophyllea); stigma usually divided urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Fruit a berry (rarely dehiscent), rarely a drupe or a dry septicidally dehiscent 2–4-celled capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000527 morphology 6CCBDC20-F28F-437C-BBED-683C4C17C304 Seeds usually albuminous (not in >i>Anisophyllea), sometimes arillate, often viviparous; embryo straight and often with green cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30008579-2 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Leaves scattered or fasciculate, simple to pinnatipartite; stipules small, gland-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Inflorescence terminal, spicate or racemose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Flowers hermaphrodite or rarely unisexual, usually irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Calyx persistent or deciduous, 4–8-partite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Petals mostly 4–7, usually unequal, small, deciduous or persistent, free or slightly coherent, laciniate, simple or clawed, often having a membranous appendage at the base of the limb urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Disc usually present, often dilated on the adaxial side urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Stamens 3–40, perigynous or inserted on the disc, often declinate, free or monadelphous at the base, not covered by the petals in bud; anthers 2-celled, introrse urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Ovary superior, sessile or stipitate, of 2–6 free or connate carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Ovules 1–?, inserted on parietal placentas or at the base of the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Fruit a closed or open capsule, indehiscent, rarely baccate or of as many follicles as carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000517 morphology F7747ADB-9B29-48B5-A6CE-3D8207099530 Seeds mostly numerous, reniform or hippocrepi­form, exalbuminous, with a curved embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126584-1 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Leafless, scapigerous, parasitic herbs subsisting by attachment to roots of other plants; variously and sometimes beautifully coloured, but without chlorophyll thus never green urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Stems erect, scaly, sometimes fleshy, simple or branched, glabrous to glandular-hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Inflorescence in East African species a cylindrical spike or spiciform raceme urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic, subtended by scale-like bracts with or without bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Calyx hypogynous, persistent, tubular (long-sided) or campanulate (short-sided), sessile or stalked, 2–5-lobed or -toothed, gamosepalous or split dorsally and ventrally into two free sections urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Corolla hypogynous, gamopetalous, tubular, limbate, sometimes funnel-shaped above, curved throughout or in part urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Stamens didynamous, inserted at or below the middle of the corolla tube; filaments filiform, glabrous to glandular hairy; anther cells in pairs, attached to the filament dorsally, longitudinally dehiscent, glabrous to densely lanate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Ovary superior, unilocular, bi- (rarely tri-) carpellary; placentas 4, parietal, separate to partially fused; style bilobed, peltate, orbicular or funnel-shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000430 morphology 00D5320A-A9DD-41CF-9C54-AC9F911BDE01 Capsule usually bivalved, ovoid-ellipsoid or ovoid-spheroid, loculicidally dehiscent; seeds small, numerous, obscurely rounded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003446-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Twining or rarely erect shrubs or small trees, dioecious, with the wood in cross-section showing broad medullary rays urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Leaves petiolate, sometimes peltate, without stipules, usually simple, entire or lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Inflorescences various, many-flowered, rarely the flowers solitary or geminate, axillary or borne on the leafless wood urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Flowers small, unisexual, regular, rarely slightly irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Flowers ?: sepals 3–12 or more, rarely 1, free or slightly connate, imbricate or valvate; petals 1–6 or absent, free or connate, usually imbricate; stamens 3–6 or indefinite, rarely 2, free or variously united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Flowers ?: sepals and petals generally as in ? flowers, sometimes not so numerous; staminodes absent or present; carpels 3–6 or more, rarely 1, free; ovules 2, soon reduced to 1 by abortion, attached to the ventral suture urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Fruiting carpels drupaceous, with the scar of the style subterminal or near the base by excentric growth; exocarp membranaceous or subcoriaceous, mesocarp more or less pulpy, endocarp often chartaceous or bony, rugose, tuberculate or ribbed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-7000000375 morphology 483A08CB-D23D-4FA2-BC3A-36459EE73FD8 Seed often curved and horseshoe-shaped, with uniform or ruminate endosperm, or without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002579-2 wfo-0000689459 morphology 6613C3CC-8701-4C5C-A707-3A2B16C6D772 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or also on the older wood, sessile; basal bracts 2–2.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583866-1 wfo-0000689459 morphology 6613C3CC-8701-4C5C-A707-3A2B16C6D772 Receptacle subglobose, 1–1.2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1 cm. when dry, puberulous to hirtellous, green with red spots or reddish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583866-1 wfo-0000687193 morphology 9A40D5FE-0210-4F46-9053-0D8DB28AB603 Tree up to 15 m. tall, terrestrial (often epilithic). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852334-1 wfo-0000687193 morphology 9A40D5FE-0210-4F46-9053-0D8DB28AB603 Leafy twigs 6–10 mm. thick, glabrous or yellowish to white tomentose, tomentellous or puberulous, periderm often flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852334-1 wfo-0000687193 morphology 9A40D5FE-0210-4F46-9053-0D8DB28AB603 Leaves in spirals; lamina ± coriaceous, cordiform to broadly ovate or subreniform, 6–17 × 5–18 cm., apex shortly acuminate to subacute, obtuse or rounded, base cordate, margin entire; upper surface glabrous or with sparse hairs on the main veins, lower surface puberulous to subtomentellous, sometimes only in the axils of the lateral veins (or occasionally glabrous); lateral veins 7–9 pairs, the basal pair branched, reaching the margin at or above the middle of the lamina, tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 2–10(–18) cm. long, 2–4 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 0.5–2 cm. long, puberulous or glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852334-1 wfo-0000687193 morphology 9A40D5FE-0210-4F46-9053-0D8DB28AB603 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 0.3–1.5 cm. long; basal bracts 3–3.5 mm. long, free parts caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852334-1 wfo-0000687193 morphology 9A40D5FE-0210-4F46-9053-0D8DB28AB603 Receptacle subglobose, obovoid or ellipsoid, 1.2–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1.5 cm. when dry, sparsely minutely puberulous, reddish or yellowish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852334-1 wfo-0000689808 morphology DE1F58AB-9972-48EF-A1C7-DC7E622A4AE3 Tree up to 10(–? 30)m. tall, terrestrial or a shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853455-1 wfo-0000689808 morphology DE1F58AB-9972-48EF-A1C7-DC7E622A4AE3 Leafy twigs 3–10 mm. thick, glabrous or white puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853455-1 wfo-0000689808 morphology DE1F58AB-9972-48EF-A1C7-DC7E622A4AE3 Leaves in spirals; lamina ± coriaceous, cordiform to broadly ovate or ± reniform, 3–18 × 3–14.5 cm., apex ± acuminate to sometimes caudate, base cordate or truncate, margin entire to repand; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–11 pairs, the basal pair branched, reaching the margin below, or sometimes at the middle of the lamina; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 2.5–12 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 1–4 cm. long, glabrous or ciliolate, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853455-1 wfo-0000689808 morphology DE1F58AB-9972-48EF-A1C7-DC7E622A4AE3 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.8–2 cm. long; basal bracts ± 2 mm. long, free parts caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853455-1 wfo-0000689808 morphology DE1F58AB-9972-48EF-A1C7-DC7E622A4AE3 Receptacle obovoid to ellipsoid or subglobose, 1–1.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1 cm. when dry, minutely puberulous to glabrous, often with distinct ribs when dry, green with red spots at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853455-1 wfo-0000690682 morphology ABE360ED-49B5-47A6-BBFF-CA1B4CC10911 Tree up to 10(–20) m. tall or a shrub, terrestrial, often with stilt or pillar roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853871-1 wfo-0000690682 morphology ABE360ED-49B5-47A6-BBFF-CA1B4CC10911 Leafy twigs 3–7 mm. in diameter, glabrous or white puberulous to hirtellous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853871-1 wfo-0000690682 morphology ABE360ED-49B5-47A6-BBFF-CA1B4CC10911 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, ± broadly ovate to elliptic, 6–20(–28) × 4–12(–21) cm., apex shortly acuminate to obtuse, base obtuse to cordate, margin entire; upper surface glabrous or puberulous to hirtellous on the main veins, lower surface white hirtellous to tomentellous, at least on the midrib, or sometimes glabrous; lateral veins 7–11 pairs, the basal pairs branched, reaching the margin below or sometimes at the middle of the lamina, tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 2–4(–7) cm. long, (1–)2–3 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 1.5–4.5(–8) cm. long, white puberulous to hirtellous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853871-1 wfo-0000690682 morphology ABE360ED-49B5-47A6-BBFF-CA1B4CC10911 Figs up to 4 together in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.5–1 cm. long; basal bracts ± 2 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853871-1 wfo-0000690682 morphology ABE360ED-49B5-47A6-BBFF-CA1B4CC10911 Receptacle ± globose, 1–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.5–1.5 cm. when dry, glabrous to ± densely puberulous, smooth or warted, red or yellow at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853871-1 wfo-0000689147 morphology B0FD3394-1AEF-457B-84E9-F49202D224C6 Tree up to 20 m. tall, hemi-epiphytic or secondarily terrestrial, with a spreading crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853155-1 wfo-0000689147 morphology B0FD3394-1AEF-457B-84E9-F49202D224C6 Leafy twigs 5–12(–20) mm. thick, puberulous, white to yellow tomentose to subhirsute or glabrous, periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853155-1 wfo-0000689147 morphology B0FD3394-1AEF-457B-84E9-F49202D224C6 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, elliptic to oblong or ± obovate, 7–25(–45) × 3–12(–20) cm., apex acuminate, base obtuse to acute or ± cordate, margin entire; upper surface glabrous or puberulous on the midrib, lower surface sparsely to, less often, densely puberulous to hirtellous to ± tomentose, on the main veins to subhirsute, only subhirsute on the main veins, or entirely glabrous; lateral veins (4–)6–10(–12) pairs; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 1.5–13(–17) cm. long, 2–3(–8) mm. thick, epiderm flaking off when dry; stipules 0.5–2.5 cm. long, on flush up to 8 cm., puberulous or also white to yellow subsericeous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853155-1 wfo-0000689147 morphology B0FD3394-1AEF-457B-84E9-F49202D224C6 Figs up to 4 together in the leaf-axils or ± just below the leaves, sessile, initially in a white pubescent to subhirsute calyptrate bud up to 5 mm. long; basal bracts 3–6 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853155-1 wfo-0000689147 morphology B0FD3394-1AEF-457B-84E9-F49202D224C6 Receptacle ± globose, ± 1–2.5(–? 3.5) cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.8–1.5(–2.5) cm. when dry, puberulous to white or yellow pubescent or subhirsute, smooth or warted, yellow to orange or brownish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853155-1 wfo-0000690216 morphology EAC01769-949F-4E48-AB39-2201DE692502 Tree up to 20 m. tall, hemi-epiphytic or secondarily terrestrial, with spreading crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853644-1 wfo-0000690216 morphology EAC01769-949F-4E48-AB39-2201DE692502 Leafy twigs 10–15 mm. in diameter, puberulous and usually also white to yellow pubescent or subhirsute, periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853644-1 wfo-0000690216 morphology EAC01769-949F-4E48-AB39-2201DE692502 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong or subobovate or oblanceolate, (10–) 15–50 × 3–17(–25) cm., apex acuminate, base acute to obtuse or ± cordate, margin entire; upper surface glabrous, lower surface puberulous to hirtellous, on the main veins to subhirsute; lateral veins 12–20 pairs (in smaller blades, less than 15 cm. long, sometimes 10–11 pairs); tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 1–8(–16) cm. long, 4–7 mm. thick, periderm flaking off when dry; stipules 1–8 cm. long, on flush up to 12 cm., outside brown to yellowish pubescent, inside with long appressed yellow hairs, caducous or subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853644-1 wfo-0000690216 morphology EAC01769-949F-4E48-AB39-2201DE692502 Figs up to 3 together in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, subsessile, initially in a greyish subvillous calyptrate bud up to 1 cm. long; basal bracts 7–15 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853644-1 wfo-0000690216 morphology EAC01769-949F-4E48-AB39-2201DE692502 Receptacle subglobose, sometimes obovoid, 2–4 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.5–3 cm. when dry, yellow to orange-brown subhirsute to villous, yellow to orange or reddish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853644-1 wfo-0000688336 morphology FB48E57E-017E-4F32-A497-D53B9A2B837A Tree up to 15 m. tall, hemi-epiphytic, often soon terrestrial, with a flat-topped crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583495-1 wfo-0000688336 morphology FB48E57E-017E-4F32-A497-D53B9A2B837A Leafy twigs 4–10 mm. thick, glabrous or puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583495-1 wfo-0000688336 morphology FB48E57E-017E-4F32-A497-D53B9A2B837A Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, ovate to elliptic, (4–)6.5–17 × (3–)5–11 cm., apex acuminate, sometimes subacute or rounded, base cordate to truncate, sometimes rounded, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 9–15 pairs; tertiary venation parallel to the lateral veins to reticulate; petiole 2.5–10 cm. long, (1–)1.5–3 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–0.8 cm. long, glabrous or puberulous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583495-1 wfo-0000688336 morphology FB48E57E-017E-4F32-A497-D53B9A2B837A Figs solitary or in pairs in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.8–1.8 cm. long; basal bracts 2–2.5 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583495-1 wfo-0000688336 morphology FB48E57E-017E-4F32-A497-D53B9A2B837A Receptacle globose, 1.5–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.5–2 cm. when dry, glabrous or minutely ± brown puberulous, yellowish green at maturity; wall of fruiting fig ± 2 mm. thick when dry, mostly ± wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583495-1 wfo-0000687269 morphology 72D24557-9255-4605-B708-533E7443955C Tree up to ± 15 m. tall, (? secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583182-1 wfo-0000687269 morphology 72D24557-9255-4605-B708-533E7443955C Leafy twigs ± 5–10 mm. thick, white puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583182-1 wfo-0000687269 morphology 72D24557-9255-4605-B708-533E7443955C Leaves in spirals; lamina ± coriaceous, oblong to elliptic, ovate or lanceolate, sometimes ± obovate, (4–)7–17 × (2–)3–8.5 cm., apex obtuse to rounded, base obtuse to ± cordate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins (8–)10–15 pairs; tertiary venation reticulate, but towards the midrib tendingto parallel the lateral veins; petiole (1–)1.5–5.5(–7) cm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. thick; stipules 0.5–1.5 cm. long, outside glabrous, puberulous or partly pubescent, inside in the lower part densely pubescent, subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583182-1 wfo-0000687269 morphology 72D24557-9255-4605-B708-533E7443955C Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils, sessile, initially in calyptrate buds up to ± 1 cm. long, splitting into 2 persistent scales, pubescent to puberulous outside, white pubescent to villous inside; basal bracts 1.5–2 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583182-1 wfo-0000687269 morphology 72D24557-9255-4605-B708-533E7443955C Receptacle ± globose, 1.2–2 cm. in diameter when dry; wall wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583182-1 wfo-0000687971 morphology B5D661AC-5E54-4FF0-B849-2F3894F2FFA4 Tree up to 10 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583392-1 wfo-0000687971 morphology B5D661AC-5E54-4FF0-B849-2F3894F2FFA4 Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or white puberulous to hirtellous, periderm sometimes flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583392-1 wfo-0000687971 morphology B5D661AC-5E54-4FF0-B849-2F3894F2FFA4 Leaves in spirals, tending to distichous, often subopposite; lamina ± coriaceous, narrowly obtriangular to ± obovate, or oblong to elliptic, 3–8 × 2–4.5 cm., apex truncate to emarginate (or 2-lobed) or obtuse, base acute to obtuse, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–10 pairs, midrib not reaching the apex of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate or tending to parallel the lateral veins; petiole 0.5–2 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules ± 0.5 cm. long, glabrous or yellowish to white puberulous, subpersistent or caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583392-1 wfo-0000687971 morphology B5D661AC-5E54-4FF0-B849-2F3894F2FFA4 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils, sessile, initially in a calyptrate bud up to 1 cm. long, splitting into 2 subpersistent or caducous parts, these pubescent inside; basal bracts 1–1.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583392-1 wfo-0000687971 morphology B5D661AC-5E54-4FF0-B849-2F3894F2FFA4 Receptacle globose to ellipsoid, 0.8–1.2 cm. in diameter when fresh, ± 0.5 cm. in diameter when dry, glabrous or puberulous, reddish or sometimes yellowish at maturity; wall mostly slightly wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583392-1 wfo-0000689419 morphology E964911A-ED65-4022-9052-073D9C47DC10 Tree up to 30 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic or (? secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853264-1 wfo-0000689419 morphology E964911A-ED65-4022-9052-073D9C47DC10 Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely and minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853264-1 wfo-0000689419 morphology E964911A-ED65-4022-9052-073D9C47DC10 Leaves in spirals to almost distichous and often subopposite; lamina ± coriaceous, oblong to elliptic or ± obovate, 2.5–10 × 1–4.5 cm., apex acuminate to obtuse, rounded or emarginate, base acute to obtuse, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–13 pairs, midrib usually not reaching the apex of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate to parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 0.5–2(–3) cm. long, 1–2(–2.5) mm. thick, glabrous; stipules 0.2–1 cm. long, glabrous or sometimes minutely and sparsely puberulous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853264-1 wfo-0000689419 morphology E964911A-ED65-4022-9052-073D9C47DC10 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or sometimes also just below the leaves, initially enclosed by a small or sometimes up to 1.5 cm. long almost glabrous calyptrate bud-cover; peduncle 0.2–1 cm. long; basal bracts 2–2.5 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853264-1 wfo-0000689419 morphology E964911A-ED65-4022-9052-073D9C47DC10 Receptacle often shortly stipitate at least when dry, globose to ellipsoid or obovoid, ± 1.5–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.8–1.5(–1.9) cm. when dry, glabrous, reddish, orange or yellowish (to brown) at maturity; wall rather thin, usually wrinkled when dry, apex plane or slightly protruding. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853264-1 wfo-0000688319 morphology 5F30E393-9C3D-433F-B088-4A2AFA3DECA6 Tree up to 30 m. tall, (? secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934498-1 wfo-0000688319 morphology 5F30E393-9C3D-433F-B088-4A2AFA3DECA6 Leafy twigs 1.5–3 mm. thick, minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934498-1 wfo-0000688319 morphology 5F30E393-9C3D-433F-B088-4A2AFA3DECA6 Leaves in spirals, sometimes tending to subopposite; lamina ± coriaceous, obovate to elliptic, or sometimes oblong, 1.5–7 × 0.8–3.5(–4.5) cm., apex rounded to obtuse, sometimes very shortly and bluntly acuminate or emarginate, base rounded to cordulate or obtuse, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins (3–)5–8 pairs, midrib not reaching the apex of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate or parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 0.2–1(–1.5) cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. thick, glabrous; stipules 0.2–0.6(–0.9) cm. long, sparsely puberulous or only ciliolate, often subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934498-1 wfo-0000688319 morphology 5F30E393-9C3D-433F-B088-4A2AFA3DECA6 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves: peduncle (0.3–)0.5–1.5 cm. long, sparsely minutely puberulous; basal bracts 1.5–2 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934498-1 wfo-0000688319 morphology 5F30E393-9C3D-433F-B088-4A2AFA3DECA6 Receptacle subglobose to obovoid, 0.4–0.8(–1.2) cm. long when dry, almost glabrous, reddish or yellowish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934498-1 wfo-0000689102 morphology 36A74833-6536-4D5B-90A9-412BD612DF99 Tree up to 30 m. tall, hemi-epiphytic or (secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853132-1 wfo-0000689102 morphology 36A74833-6536-4D5B-90A9-412BD612DF99 Leafy twigs 1–4 mm. thick, whitish or brownish puberulous, periderm of older parts peeling off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853132-1 wfo-0000689102 morphology 36A74833-6536-4D5B-90A9-412BD612DF99 Leaves in spirals, tending to distichous; lamina ± coriaceous, oblanceolate to subobovate or narrowly obtriangular, 0.5–5 × 0.3–2(–3) cm., apex obtuse to truncate, emarginate or subacute, base cuneate to obtuse, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–8 pairs; tertiary venation reticulate or tending to parallel the lateral veins; petiole 0.2–0.8 cm. long, 0.5–1 mm. thick; stipules 0.2–0.5 cm. long, puberulous or only ciliolate, caducous, sometimes subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853132-1 wfo-0000689102 morphology 36A74833-6536-4D5B-90A9-412BD612DF99 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves, on peduncles 2–5 mm. long or sometimes subsessile; basal bracts 1–2 mm. long, persistent or caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853132-1 wfo-0000689102 morphology 36A74833-6536-4D5B-90A9-412BD612DF99 Receptacle globose or sometimes ellipsoid, ± 5 mm. in diameter when fresh, 3–4 mm. when dry, minutely puberulous, reddish or yellowish at maturity; wall thin, smooth or slightly wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853132-1 wfo-0000690599 morphology EE58E5A1-1823-4490-B6D7-6F6C0391EDC3 Tree up to 15(–30) m. tall or a shrub, terrestrial or hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853830-1 wfo-0000690599 morphology EE58E5A1-1823-4490-B6D7-6F6C0391EDC3 Leafy twigs 1.5–7 mm. thick, minutely puberulous to hirtellous or white to brown pubescent, at least on the scars of the stipules or sometimes entirely glabrous, periderm usually not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853830-1 wfo-0000690599 morphology EE58E5A1-1823-4490-B6D7-6F6C0391EDC3 Leaves in spirals, occasionally subopposite; lamina ± coriaceous, elliptic to lanceolate, oblanceolate, obovate or subovate, (1.5–)3–12(–18) × (1–)1.5–6(–7) cm., apex acuminate to obtuse or rounded, base subacute to rounded or subcordate, margin entire; upper surface glabrous or sparsely (on the midrib to rather densely) puberulous to pubescent, lower surface glabrous or sparsely to densely white (to brownish) puberulous to pubescent on the whole surface, the main veins or only the midrib; lateral veins (5–)7–12(–16) pairs, midrib often reaching the apex of the lamina (even in leaves with a rounded apex); tertiary venation reticulate or parallel to the lateral veins; petiole (0.5–)1–4(–6) cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick, often (not depending on the size of the lamina or the position of the leaf on the twig) variable in length on the same twig, glabrous or puberulous, hirtellous or pubescent; stipules 0.3–1(–1.5) cm. long, white to brown pubescent, puberulous or only ciliolate, caducous or subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853830-1 wfo-0000690599 morphology EE58E5A1-1823-4490-B6D7-6F6C0391EDC3 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or sometimes also below the leaves, sessile or on peduncles up to 1 cm. long; basal bracts 2–4 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853830-1 wfo-0000690599 morphology EE58E5A1-1823-4490-B6D7-6F6C0391EDC3 Receptacle globose to ellipsoid, 0.5–1.5(–2) cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.4–1.2(–1.7) cm. when dry, glabrous or sparsely to densely white to brown puberulous or pubescent, reddish, yellowish or brownish at maturity; wall thin, mostly smooth or slightly wrinkled when dry; apex plane to strongly protruding when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853830-1 wfo-0000690599 morphology EE58E5A1-1823-4490-B6D7-6F6C0391EDC3 Fig. 21, p.74. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853830-1 wfo-0000689568 morphology 7D3F24B3-98F0-4713-B54E-27F42F0DE124 Tree up to 15 m. tall or sometimes a shrub or liana, terrestrial or hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853336-1 wfo-0000689568 morphology 7D3F24B3-98F0-4713-B54E-27F42F0DE124 Leafy twigs 2–5(–10) mm. thick, minutely puberulous or glabrous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853336-1 wfo-0000689568 morphology 7D3F24B3-98F0-4713-B54E-27F42F0DE124 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous or sometimes chartaceous, elliptic to oblong, ovate or obovate, 6.5–15(–22) × 3–7(–9) cm., apex acuminate to subcaudate, base acute to rounded or subcordate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–12(–14) pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 1.5–9 cm. long (0.5–)1.5–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.2–0.8 cm. long, up to 4 cm. on flush, sparsely puberulous or glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853336-1 wfo-0000689568 morphology 7D3F24B3-98F0-4713-B54E-27F42F0DE124 Figs up to 4(–10) together on spurs up to 1.5(–4) cm. long on the older wood; peduncle 0.8–2.5 cm. long, 1–1.5 mm. thick; basal bracts 2–3 mm. long, free parts caducous or subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853336-1 wfo-0000689568 morphology 7D3F24B3-98F0-4713-B54E-27F42F0DE124 Receptacle ellipsoid to globose, 1.5–2.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.8–2 cm. when dry, puberulous or almost glabrous, greenish to pale orange or brownish at maturity, with pale green to whitish spots; wall ± 1 mm. thick when dry, not or hardly wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853336-1 wfo-0000690660 morphology 49E297DB-3DB3-4946-AA86-3EDE6773FAC2 Tree up to 10 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic (and strangling) or (? secondarily) terrestrial, sometimes a liana. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853862-1 wfo-0000690660 morphology 49E297DB-3DB3-4946-AA86-3EDE6773FAC2 Leafy twigs 1–3(–5) mm. thick, sparsely minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853862-1 wfo-0000690660 morphology 49E297DB-3DB3-4946-AA86-3EDE6773FAC2 Leaves in spirals; lamina subcoriaceous to chartaceous, oblong to subobovate, elliptic or ± ovate, 2.5–8(–11) × 0.7–4(–5) cm., apex subacute to rather faintly acuminate, base rounded to cordulate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous or the midrib puberulous beneath; lateral veins 5–9 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 0.7–3(–4.5) cm. long, ± 0.5(–1) mm. thick; stipules 0.2–1 cm. long, up to 3 cm. on flush, glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853862-1 wfo-0000690660 morphology 49E297DB-3DB3-4946-AA86-3EDE6773FAC2 Figs 1–6 together on ± curved spurs up to 3 cm. long on the older wood; peduncle 0.5–2 cm. long, 0.5–7 mm. thick; basal bracts ± 3 mm. long, free parts caducous, occasionally subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853862-1 wfo-0000690660 morphology 49E297DB-3DB3-4946-AA86-3EDE6773FAC2 Receptacle subglobose to ellipsoid, 2–2.5(?–3) cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–1.5(–2) cm. when dry, sparsely to sometimes densely minutely puberulous to almost glabrous, ? green at maturity, when dry not or hardly wrinkled and slightly stipitate; wall thin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853862-1 wfo-0001084977 morphology AE61074F-94BD-4CC8-9653-2DAA2C00BAEC Tree up to 10(–?15) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic (and strangling). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852425-1 wfo-0001084977 morphology AE61074F-94BD-4CC8-9653-2DAA2C00BAEC Leafy twigs 2–4 mm. thick, minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852425-1 wfo-0001084977 morphology AE61074F-94BD-4CC8-9653-2DAA2C00BAEC Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to subobovate or oblanceolate, 6–21 × 2–6 cm., apex subacute to obtuse or sometimes rounded, base obtuse to acute, margin entire; upper surface glabrous, lower surface minutely puberulous on the main veins; lateral veins 10–16 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate or parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 1–3.5 cm. long, (1–)2 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–4 cm. long, puberulous or glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852425-1 wfo-0001084977 morphology AE61074F-94BD-4CC8-9653-2DAA2C00BAEC Figs up to 5 together on ± curved spurs up to 4 cm. long and ± 1 cm. thick on the main and lesser branches (or just below the leaves); peduncle 1.5–3.5 cm. long, ± 2 mm. thick; basal bracts with free parts caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852425-1 wfo-0001084977 morphology AE61074F-94BD-4CC8-9653-2DAA2C00BAEC Receptacle subglobose to globose, 3–4 cm. in diameter when fresh, 2–3.5 cm. when dry, minutely puberulous, greenish to purplish at maturity; wall 1–1.5 mm. thick when dry and wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852425-1 wfo-0000687794 morphology D02383C2-9549-44FA-A9D0-28A39618E8B2 Tree up to 35 m. tall, often (?) with pillar-roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934497-1 wfo-0000687794 morphology D02383C2-9549-44FA-A9D0-28A39618E8B2 Leafy twigs 1.5–3 mm. thick, minutely puberulous, mostly dark brown to blackish when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934497-1 wfo-0000687794 morphology D02383C2-9549-44FA-A9D0-28A39618E8B2 Leaves in spirals; lamina ± coriaceous, oblong to elliptic or ± ovate, (4–)6–12(–16) × (2.5–)3–5.5(–7.5) cm., apex ± acuminate, base cordate to emarginate or truncate to rarely rounded or obtuse, margin entire; upper surface minutely puberulous on the midrib or glabrous, lower surface minutely puberulous on the main veins, sometimes glabrous; lateral veins (6–)8–12 pairs; tertiary venation reticulate; petiole (1.5–)2–4(–6) cm. long, 1.5–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–0.5 cm. long, up to 4 cm. on flush, with appressed (on long stipules ± patent) white hairs outside, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934497-1 wfo-0000687794 morphology D02383C2-9549-44FA-A9D0-28A39618E8B2 Figs up to 3 together on spurs up to 2 cm. long on the older wood, down to the main branches; bud-scales on the spurs glabrous or sparsely puberulous; peduncle (1–)1.5–2(–4) cm. long, ±1.5 mm. thick; basal bracts ± 2.5(–3) mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934497-1 wfo-0000687794 morphology D02383C2-9549-44FA-A9D0-28A39618E8B2 Receptacle subglobose, 2.5–4 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.5–3 cm. when dry, minutely puberulous, greenish to pale yellow at maturity, with brown spots; wall ±1 mm. thick when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934497-1 wfo-0000690191 morphology 987738C4-DA37-4590-936D-DAA18FCF56EF Tree up to 20(–40) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic (and strangling) or (secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853639-1 wfo-0000690191 morphology 987738C4-DA37-4590-936D-DAA18FCF56EF Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely minutely puberulous, periderm often flaking off older parts at least when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853639-1 wfo-0000690191 morphology 987738C4-DA37-4590-936D-DAA18FCF56EF Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous or subcoriaceous, at least the midrib beneath (and the petiole) usually drying reddish brown, oblong to lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, 4.5–13(–24) × 2–6(–11.5) cm., apex acuminate to subacute or obtuse to occasionally rounded, base rounded to cordate or subacute, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–10(–14) pairs; tertiary venation predominantly reticulate; petiole (0.8–)2–5.5(–8) cm. long, 1–2(–3) mm. thick; stipules 0.1–1.5 cm. long, up to 4.5 cm. on flush, sparsely to densely puberulous or only ciliolate, caducous or on the flush subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853639-1 wfo-0000690191 morphology 987738C4-DA37-4590-936D-DAA18FCF56EF Figs 2–4 together on short (up to 2(–5) cm. long) branched and finally ± cushion-shaped or on up to 15 cm. long straight, or peg-like or sometimes curved spurs on the main or also the lesser branches; bud-scales on the spurs densely puberulous; peduncle 1.2–2.5(–5) cm. long, 2–3 mm. thick; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long, free parts caducous, sometimes subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853639-1 wfo-0000690191 morphology 987738C4-DA37-4590-936D-DAA18FCF56EF Receptacle when dry often stipitate, subglobose, 2–6(–10) cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.5–3(–6) cm. when dry, puberulous, greenish or partly purplish at maturity; wall 5–10 mm. thick when fresh, 2–4(–5) mm. and ± wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853639-1 wfo-0001084781 morphology 257FD426-50E1-498D-A6A7-BA60204309C5 Tree up to 15(–40) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic or (secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853439-1 wfo-0001084781 morphology 257FD426-50E1-498D-A6A7-BA60204309C5 Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or minutely yellowish puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853439-1 wfo-0001084781 morphology 257FD426-50E1-498D-A6A7-BA60204309C5 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous or subcoriaceous, at least the midrib beneath (and the petiole) often drying blackish, ovate to oblong or almost elliptic, 5–16(–24) × 3.5–10(–15) cm., apex acuminate, base cordate to truncate or rounded, sometimes subacute, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–12 pairs, tertiary venation partly scalariform to reticulate; petiole 2–12 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick; stipules 0.5–2 cm. long, glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853439-1 wfo-0001084781 morphology 257FD426-50E1-498D-A6A7-BA60204309C5 Figs 1–4 together on spurs up to 3 cm. long on the older wood; bud-scales of the spurs glabrous; peduncle 0.8–2 cm. long; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853439-1 wfo-0001084781 morphology 257FD426-50E1-498D-A6A7-BA60204309C5 Receptacle globose to obovoid, often shortly stipitate at least when dry, 2–4 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.5–4 cm. when dry, whitish puberulous, greenish to purplish at maturity, wall 2–3 mm. thick and wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853439-1 wfo-0000687607 morphology 8C56421F-08DE-4D9B-B936-93411381DD65 Tree up to 20(–30) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic, often terrestrial; bark pale green to whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852529-1 wfo-0000687607 morphology 8C56421F-08DE-4D9B-B936-93411381DD65 Leafy twigs 6–12 mm. thick, glabrous or minutely puberulous, periderm often flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852529-1 wfo-0000687607 morphology 8C56421F-08DE-4D9B-B936-93411381DD65 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, elliptic or sometimes oblong to subcircular, 12–30 × 6–23 cm., apex shortly acuminate to almost rounded, base obtuse to rounded or (especially in large leaves) to cordate, margin entire: both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–8(–9) pairs, often divided far from the margin; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 3.5–11 (–16) cm. long, 2–5 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–0.5 cm. long, up to 4 cm. on flush, glabrous or partly puberulous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852529-1 wfo-0000687607 morphology 8C56421F-08DE-4D9B-B936-93411381DD65 Figs on short (often almost spine-like) spurs on the main branches (or the trunk); bud-scales of the spurs minutely puberulous, mostly apiculate; peduncle 0.7–1 cm. long, 2–2.5 mm. thick; basal bracts 4–5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852529-1 wfo-0000687607 morphology 8C56421F-08DE-4D9B-B936-93411381DD65 Receptacle globose, ± 3 cm. in diameter when fresh, ± 2.5 cm. when dry, glabrous or minutely puberulous, brownish at maturity; wall wrinkled when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852529-1 wfo-0000689576 morphology 31C91EC5-F28E-400C-A625-F133D084AE2E Tree up to 10(–25) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic (and strangling) or terrestrial, sometimes a shrub or lianescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853339-1 wfo-0000689576 morphology 31C91EC5-F28E-400C-A625-F133D084AE2E Leafy twigs 6–12 mm. thick, densely white to yellowish puberulous or pubescent to almost glabrous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853339-1 wfo-0000689576 morphology 31C91EC5-F28E-400C-A625-F133D084AE2E Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, ovate to elliptic, subovate or oblong, (5–)9–31 × (3.5–)6–20 cm., apex acuminate, base cordate to truncate, obtuse or subacute, margin entire; upper surface glabrous or sparsely puberulous in the lower part of the lamina, lower surface sparsely to densely white (or brownish) puberulous to hirtellous or glabrous; lateral veins 10–14 pairs, the basal pair ± faintly branched, reaching the margin far below the middle of the lamina; tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 3–10(–13) cm. long, 2–4 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–1 cm. long, glabrous or puberulous to pubescent, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853339-1 wfo-0000689576 morphology 31C91EC5-F28E-400C-A625-F133D084AE2E Figs solitary (or in pairs) in the leaf-axils, just below the leaves, or sometimes also on the older wood, initially enveloped by an ovoid calyptrate coriaceous bud-cover up to 2.5 cm. long; peduncle up to 0.5(–1) cm. long, (3–)4–6 mm. thick; basal bracts ± 3–4 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853339-1 wfo-0000689576 morphology 31C91EC5-F28E-400C-A625-F133D084AE2E Receptacle ovoid to ellipsoid, sometimes subglobose or obovoid, 3–5 × 2.5–4.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–4 × 1–3 cm. when dry, puberulous to pubescent, greenish at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853339-1 wfo-0000689881 morphology 0137ABEF-7051-40A9-8AA5-B3A4D0EDD15D Tree up to 10 m. tall, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583984-1 wfo-0000689881 morphology 0137ABEF-7051-40A9-8AA5-B3A4D0EDD15D Leafy twigs 3–6 mm. thick, glabrous or minutely brownish puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583984-1 wfo-0000689881 morphology 0137ABEF-7051-40A9-8AA5-B3A4D0EDD15D Leaves in spirals or tending to distichous; lamina coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate, sometimes elliptic, 8–32 × 2–9 cm., apex acuminate, sometimes sharply so, base rounded to ± cordate or acute, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 14–27 pairs, tertiary venation parallel to the lateral veins or reticulate; petiole 1–3 cm. long, ± 3 mm. thick; stipules 2–5 mm. long, ± densely greyish to yellowish or brownish strigose to subsericeous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583984-1 wfo-0000689881 morphology 0137ABEF-7051-40A9-8AA5-B3A4D0EDD15D Figs up to 6 together on short spurs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 0.3–0.8 cm. long; basal bracts 2–3 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583984-1 wfo-0000689881 morphology 0137ABEF-7051-40A9-8AA5-B3A4D0EDD15D Receptacle ± globose, 0.6–1.2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.3–0.7 cm. when dry, minutely puberulous, orange to red at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583984-1 wfo-0000690776 morphology 03778146-2285-43FE-9F6C-8558AF637650 Tree up to 15 m. tall (? secondarily) terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853919-1 wfo-0000690776 morphology 03778146-2285-43FE-9F6C-8558AF637650 Leafy twigs 5–7 mm. thick, puberulous to almost glabrous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853919-1 wfo-0000690776 morphology 03778146-2285-43FE-9F6C-8558AF637650 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate, 9.5–14.5 × 4.5–6 cm., apex obtuse to rounded, base obtuse to rounded, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 10–13 pairs; tertiary venation largely parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 1.5–3.5 cm. long, 2–2.5 mm. thick; stipules 0.3–0.5 cm. long, white to yellowish puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853919-1 wfo-0000690776 morphology 03778146-2285-43FE-9F6C-8558AF637650 Figs 2–7 together on small spurs in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 0.8–1.7 cm. long; basal bracts ± 3 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853919-1 wfo-0000690776 morphology 03778146-2285-43FE-9F6C-8558AF637650 Receptacle globose, 0.8–1 cm. in diameter when dry, sparsely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853919-1 wfo-0000689555 morphology 6D59856F-1D4C-4B47-B993-D8579BFB5EF4 Large tree, or shrub, hemi-epiphytic (and strangling). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583888-1 wfo-0000689555 morphology 6D59856F-1D4C-4B47-B993-D8579BFB5EF4 Leafy twigs 2.5–6 mm. thick, almost glabrous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583888-1 wfo-0000689555 morphology 6D59856F-1D4C-4B47-B993-D8579BFB5EF4 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to elliptic or subovate, 9–18 × 3.5–6 cm., apex acuminate, base acute to obtuse, sometimes subcordate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 8–14 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 2–5 cm. long, 1.5–2 mm. thick; stipules ±1.5 cm. long, yellowish appressed puberulous or glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583888-1 wfo-0000689555 morphology 6D59856F-1D4C-4B47-B993-D8579BFB5EF4 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils, sometimes also just below the leaves, sessile; basal bracts ± 4 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583888-1 wfo-0000689555 morphology 6D59856F-1D4C-4B47-B993-D8579BFB5EF4 Receptacle subglobose to ellipsoid or ovoid, ± 2 cm. in diameter when fresh, ±1.5 cm. when dry, almost glabrous, ± waited, orange to yellow at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583888-1 wfo-0000687482 morphology FEB06FC0-BA0A-4481-9F46-58C7CD02FC58 Tree up to 10 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852474-1 wfo-0000687482 morphology FEB06FC0-BA0A-4481-9F46-58C7CD02FC58 Leafy twigs 3–5 mm. thick, glabrous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852474-1 wfo-0000687482 morphology FEB06FC0-BA0A-4481-9F46-58C7CD02FC58 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, lanceolate to linear, or less often oblong to elliptic, (5.5–)10–18(–30) × 1.5–3.5(–7) cm., apex acuminate to subacute, base acute or less often rounded, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 10–20 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate or parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 1–4 cm. long, ± 2 mm. thick; stipules 0.5–2 cm. long, glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852474-1 wfo-0000687482 morphology FEB06FC0-BA0A-4481-9F46-58C7CD02FC58 Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils; peduncle (0.5–) 1–2.5 cm. long; basal bracts 1.5–2 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852474-1 wfo-0000687482 morphology FEB06FC0-BA0A-4481-9F46-58C7CD02FC58 Receptacle globose, 1–1.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, ± 0.5–1 cm. when dry, glabrous, smooth to waited, yellow to orange at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852474-1 wfo-0000687901 morphology 2E6AC6A4-9A16-4964-9736-54E55799564C Treelet or shrub, sometimes lianescent, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852655-1 wfo-0000687901 morphology 2E6AC6A4-9A16-4964-9736-54E55799564C Leafy twigs 2–4 mm. thick, glabrous or puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852655-1 wfo-0000687901 morphology 2E6AC6A4-9A16-4964-9736-54E55799564C Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate, subobovate or elliptic, (6–)10–20(–28) × (2–)3.5–7 cm., apex acuminate, base acute to rounded, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 8–11 pairs, the lower ones relatively small, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 0.8–4.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. thick, epiderm flaking off when dry or not; stipules (0.5–)1–2.5 cm. long, basally connate, glabrous, ± persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852655-1 wfo-0000687901 morphology 2E6AC6A4-9A16-4964-9736-54E55799564C Figs in pairs or solitary in the leaf-axils, sessile; basal bracts 2–4 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852655-1 wfo-0000687901 morphology 2E6AC6A4-9A16-4964-9736-54E55799564C Receptacle subglobose to obovoid or sometimes subpyriform, 2–3 cm. in diameter when fresh, (0.5–) 1.5–2.5 cm. when dry, glabrous or subhispid, verrucose or smooth, at maturity greenish with reddish spots or warts or partly reddish; wall 1–4 mm. thick when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852655-1 wfo-0000688019 morphology F2E31BB5-5A1D-48B8-B8AB-B9921BF7FFEB Tree up to 8(–15) m. tall, terrestrial or hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852705-1 wfo-0000688019 morphology F2E31BB5-5A1D-48B8-B8AB-B9921BF7FFEB Leafy twigs 3–5 mm. thick, glabrous or white puberulous, periderm sometimes flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852705-1 wfo-0000110800 morphology D6E51475-D693-4C8F-B7D8-788DDFC137CB Achenes prismatic, 1.7-2.3 mm long, usually (3-)4-angled and ribbed, rarely obovoid with 4 main and 8 intermediate secondary ribs, glabrous; pappus 1.5-2.3 mm long, white, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204924-1 wfo-0000110800 morphology D6E51475-D693-4C8F-B7D8-788DDFC137CB Fig. 31. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204924-1 wfo-0000064219 morphology 526719AC-EA9B-4745-B50C-64C1FB490820 Annual herb 15-30 cm tall, erect, hardly to densely branched; stems with crispate spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935005-1 wfo-0000064219 morphology 526719AC-EA9B-4745-B50C-64C1FB490820 Leaves narrowly obovate or subpanduriform, 3.3-6.3 cm long, 0.8-1.8 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins subentire, apex obtuse or acute, thinly pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935005-1 wfo-0000064219 morphology 526719AC-EA9B-4745-B50C-64C1FB490820 Capitula few to many in terminal lax corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula with ascending and spreading hairs; involucres hemispherical, 3-5 mm long, 4-7 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, herbaceous, narrowly ovate, obtuse to acute, pubescent and glandular, the inner 3-veined, purple at the apex and on margins, 4-4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935005-1 wfo-0000064219 morphology 526719AC-EA9B-4745-B50C-64C1FB490820 Corolla 5.5 mm long, purple, densely hairy with long multicellular glandular hairs throughout its length, those on the upper parts of the lobes purple-tinged, lobes 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935005-1 wfo-0000064219 morphology 526719AC-EA9B-4745-B50C-64C1FB490820 Achenes turbinate, 1.5-2.2 mm long, obscurely obtusely 5-angled, minutely ascending-pubescent, crowned with a few black or brownish scales to 1.5 mm long; pappus absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935005-1 wfo-0000087047 morphology 9A3C5938-5A58-4D10-806D-499C3933828D Annual or perennial herb 30-75 cm tall, many-branched; stems ascending, or the main stem prostrate with erect inflorescences, shortly crispate-pubescent with ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204985-1 wfo-0000087047 morphology 9A3C5938-5A58-4D10-806D-499C3933828D Leaves narrowly elliptic or (ob-)ovate, 2-9 cm long, 0.2-2 cm wide, base attenuate in proximal leaves, rounded in more distal ones, margins remotely serrulate, apex obtuse, apiculate, shortly finely pubescent, glandular, shortly ascending-ciliate on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204985-1 wfo-0000087047 morphology 9A3C5938-5A58-4D10-806D-499C3933828D Capitula in lax few-headed terminal and axillary corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent; involucres hemispherical, 5-9 mm long and in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 4-seriate, closely imbricate, pale green with a dark green and/or purple patch at the apex, white-pubescent and glandular near base and apex, narrowly ovate, 2-9 mm long, obtuse to acute, fimbriate-pectinate on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204985-1 wfo-0000087047 morphology 9A3C5938-5A58-4D10-806D-499C3933828D Corolla purple, mauve or blue, 5.5-7.5 mm long, lobes 2-2.3 mm long, shortly stiffly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204985-1 wfo-0000087047 morphology 9A3C5938-5A58-4D10-806D-499C3933828D Achenes prismatic, 1.5-3 mm long, 3(-5)-angled, glabrous; pappus 1.5-3 mm long, strongly barbellate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:204985-1 wfo-0000122405 morphology C7758956-7E1C-4BD4-B51D-02128D9CA145 Perennial herb 20-120 cm tall, with one or few stems from a woody rootstock (but once described as annual); stems sparsely crispate-pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185836-1 wfo-0000122405 morphology C7758956-7E1C-4BD4-B51D-02128D9CA145 Leaves alternate, sessile, the basal leaves obovate to oblong-elliptic, attenuate into a petioloid base, the cauline elliptic to narrowly (ob-)ovate, 4-11 cm long, 0.7-3.7 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded and semi-amplexicaul, serrate, apex obtusely shortly acuminate, sparsely shortly crispate-pubescent to hirtellous above and more densely so beneath, densely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185836-1 wfo-0000122405 morphology C7758956-7E1C-4BD4-B51D-02128D9CA145 Capitula solitary or few in often lax terminal corymbiform cymose clusters; stalks of individual capitula short to elongated, densely crispate-pubescent at least towards the apex; involucres hemispherical, 9-10 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries usually deeply purple-tinged and darker in colour in upper part, 3-4-seriate, closely imbricate, ovate, acuminate-apiculate or apiculate-pungent, the inner (narrowly) ovate, more or less pungent, 9-10 mm long; all with pale rather pectinate-fimbriate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185836-1 wfo-0000122405 morphology C7758956-7E1C-4BD4-B51D-02128D9CA145 Florets many; corolla purple or mauve, 7.5-8.5 mm long, lobes 2-3 mm long, glabrous or with a few glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185836-1 wfo-0000122405 morphology C7758956-7E1C-4BD4-B51D-02128D9CA145 Achenes pale with dark stripes (tubercles between the ribs), 1.5-2.2 mm long, 8-ribbed; pappus 2.5-2.8 mm long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185836-1 wfo-0000005070 morphology 2689DFBB-5BE7-4BFE-B8DC-8D851006B579 Perennial herb or semi-shrub 50-90 cm tall; stems annual, several, erect, leafy, rather coarsely crispate-pubescent, from a small woody rootstock; root-crown and stem base pale brown-lanate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185834-1 wfo-0000005070 morphology 2689DFBB-5BE7-4BFE-B8DC-8D851006B579 Leaves opposite on median part of stem, alternate on upper part, sessile or subsessile, coriaceous, (narrowly) elliptic or narrowly ovate, 8-18 cm long, 1.3-6 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins serrate or crenulate with callose-tipped teeth, apex subobtuse, shortly pubescent or scabrid above, rather thinly finely crispate-pubescent especially on veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185834-1 wfo-0000005070 morphology 2689DFBB-5BE7-4BFE-B8DC-8D851006B579 Capitula solitary and terminal on the inflorescence branches, forming a lax compound terminal cyme, each usually with a foliaceous subtending bract at the base; involucre broadly hemispherical, 10-15 mm long, 12-25 mm diameter; phyllaries 5-6-seriate, green, slightly purple-tinged on upper margins, darker centrally towards the apex, the outermost ovate or oblong, rather coriaceous, rounded, shortly apiculate, the inner elliptic, 10.5-12 mm long, rather membranous, shortly acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185834-1 wfo-0000005070 morphology 2689DFBB-5BE7-4BFE-B8DC-8D851006B579 Corolla lilac, pale mauve, violet, purple or bluish, 9-13.5 mm long, lobes 3.5-4.5 mm long, sparsely glandular-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185834-1 wfo-0000005070 morphology 2689DFBB-5BE7-4BFE-B8DC-8D851006B579 Achenes pale yellow, prismatic, 2-4 mm long, 4-5-angled, glabrous; pappus very scant, quickly caducous, 1-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185834-1 wfo-0000005070 morphology 2689DFBB-5BE7-4BFE-B8DC-8D851006B579 Fig. 32/8-9, p. 140. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185834-1 wfo-0000083191 morphology 7EE37CCA-2700-4CF4-9460-E253D07165F0 Perennial herb, with a small woody rootstock and annual stems 20-75(-100) cm high; root-crown and base of stem with pale brown lanate tufts of hair; stems one or several, erect, unbranched except for the inflorescence, leafy, shortly crispate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185843-1 wfo-0000083191 morphology 7EE37CCA-2700-4CF4-9460-E253D07165F0 Leaves mostly in whorls or false whorls of 3, distally sometimes opposite or subopposite, sessile, (narrowly) ovate, 0.6-5 cm long, 0.5-2 cm wide, base cuneate to cordate, margins coarsely serrate with callose tips, apex obtuse, shortly apiculate, glandular and crispate-pubescent or scabridulous on margins and main veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185843-1 wfo-0000083191 morphology 7EE37CCA-2700-4CF4-9460-E253D07165F0 Capitula in lax to rather compact terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; involucres obconic-cylindrical, 5-10 mm long, 6-12 mm diameter at flowering time, without or sometimes with an outer series of elliptic to lanceolate, foliaceous, shortly strigose, apiculate bracteoles; phyllaries many, 3-4-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, obtuse to truncate, pungent-apiculate, the inner acute, fimbriate-pectinate on upper margins, 5.5-9 mm long, all more or less pubescent and darker in upper part and deeply purple-tinged on the membranous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185843-1 wfo-0000083191 morphology 7EE37CCA-2700-4CF4-9460-E253D07165F0 Florets many; corolla purple or blue-purple, 5-9.5 mm long, lobes 2.3-4 mm long, sparsely glandular or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185843-1 wfo-0000083191 morphology 7EE37CCA-2700-4CF4-9460-E253D07165F0 Achenes straw-coloured, 1.3-2.2 mm long, 5-angled, faintly dark-grooved on the faces, truncate, glabrous; pappus scant, 1-2.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185843-1 wfo-0000086704 morphology 6D56B36E-38A4-47A1-B49F-A13B6D6E1AB3 Shrub 0.4-2 m high; stems erect, leafy, white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908463-1 wfo-0000086704 morphology 6D56B36E-38A4-47A1-B49F-A13B6D6E1AB3 Leaves alternate, petiolate, ovate or elliptic, 5-20 cm long, 3-4.5 cm wide, base cuneate or rounded, margins closely acutely serrate, apex acute, thinly arachnoid above, densely grey-white floccose-tomentose beneath; petiole 1-3 cm long, the very base widening. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908463-1 wfo-0000086704 morphology 6D56B36E-38A4-47A1-B49F-A13B6D6E1AB3 Capitula several in terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 3-30 mm long, tomentose; involucres hemispherical, about 12 mm long, 15-20 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries in several series, the outer and median broadly oblong, coriaceous in lower part, chartaceous in upper part, pubescent towards the base of upper part, rounded, the inner narrowly ovate, 9-10 mm long, subacute, glabrous, fimbriate-pectinate towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908463-1 wfo-0000086704 morphology 6D56B36E-38A4-47A1-B49F-A13B6D6E1AB3 Florets >100; corolla mauve, becoming whitish in older florets, 9.5-13 mm long, lobes 2.5-3.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908463-1 wfo-0000086704 morphology 6D56B36E-38A4-47A1-B49F-A13B6D6E1AB3 Achenes 1.8-2.3 mm long, 4-5-angled, truncate, glabrous; pappus of few bristles 2-3 mm long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908463-1 wfo-0000132962 morphology 23C67541-666F-4A9E-9586-69067F9A603F The Uganda record is based on a single, doubtfully localized specimen: “Uganda, Lac Georges”, Bredo 4616 (BR!) and its occurrence in Uganda therefore requires confirmation. The species seems very close to B. ugandensis and was treated by Lisowski as a synonym. Wechuysen sees it as distinct based on the smaller capitula, arranged in Groups of 4-7, with triangular outer phyllaries and smaller achenes (1.5-1.6 mm long). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897097-1 wfo-0000061862 morphology D2EFCB92-2115-44FA-8930-7E62E03542CB Woody herb or sub-shrub 0.9-2.4 m tall; stems dull purple-brown, finely crispate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908452-1 wfo-0000061862 morphology D2EFCB92-2115-44FA-8930-7E62E03542CB Leaves alternate, petiolate, elliptic, 8-19.5 cm long, 2.4-8 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins serrate, apex acute or acuminate, sparsely shortly crispate-pubescent above and beneath especially on the main veins; petiole 0.3-3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908452-1 wfo-0000061862 morphology D2EFCB92-2115-44FA-8930-7E62E03542CB Capitula numerous in small, often rather congested clusters in terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula crispate-pubescent to tomentose with brownish hairs; involucres obconic-cylindrical to campanulate, 7-13 mm long, 8-10 mm in diameter; phyllaries more or less 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, acute or obtuse and pungent-apiculate, inner pectinate-fimbriate on the pallid or lilac membranous margins, acute, 6-10 mm long, all somewhat darker centrally towards the apex, glabrous or the outer sometimes also pubescent centrally or ciliate on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908452-1 wfo-0000061862 morphology D2EFCB92-2115-44FA-8930-7E62E03542CB Corolla lilac or mauve, 5-7 mm long, lobes 2.3-2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908452-1 wfo-0000061862 morphology D2EFCB92-2115-44FA-8930-7E62E03542CB Achenes 2-3 mm long, with 5 rounded ribs; pappus 2.2-3.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908452-1 wfo-0000091762 morphology C9EADDC3-6FA0-4EC0-AD0E-CC57A7379B96 Erect shrub 3.5 m tall; stems minutely tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935006-1 wfo-0000091762 morphology C9EADDC3-6FA0-4EC0-AD0E-CC57A7379B96 Leaves alternate, petiolate, narrowly elliptic, 7.5-14 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, base attenuate, margins serrate, apex attenuate, tomentellous on main veins beneath, otherwise almost glabrous; petiole 0.7-1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935006-1 wfo-0000091762 morphology C9EADDC3-6FA0-4EC0-AD0E-CC57A7379B96 Capitula numerous in rather dense terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucres campanulate-cylindrical, 6-7 mm long, 3.5-6 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 4-seriate, outer narrowly ovate, obtuse, apiculate, pectinate, median oblong, rounded, darker centrally towards the apex, ciliate on margins, inner narrowly ovate, fimbriate-pectinate, more or less acute, 5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935006-1 wfo-0000091762 morphology C9EADDC3-6FA0-4EC0-AD0E-CC57A7379B96 Corolla lilac, 6-7 mm long, lobes 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935006-1 wfo-0000091762 morphology C9EADDC3-6FA0-4EC0-AD0E-CC57A7379B96 Achenes 1.1-1.7 mm long, 5-ribbed, distally abruptly widened into a pale horny ring, slightly depressed at the centre; pappus of few barbellate bristles 1.1-1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935006-1 wfo-0000132304 morphology 1CA50B87-833C-4001-9546-6C42C75FB22F Woody herb or shrub 0.6-4.5 m tall, rather densely branching; stems closely and finely pubescent or tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945381-1 wfo-0000132304 morphology 1CA50B87-833C-4001-9546-6C42C75FB22F Leaves alternate, petiolate, ovate or elliptic, 2.7-14.5 cm long, 1-6.5 cm wide, base (broadly) cuneate, margins serrate, apex shortly obtusely acuminate, finely shortly pubescent, especially beneath, more or less glabrescent, especially above; petiole 0.5-4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945381-1 wfo-0000132304 morphology 1CA50B87-833C-4001-9546-6C42C75FB22F Capitula numerous in terminal and upper axillary sometimes copious compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely shortly ascending-pubescent; involucre obconic-cylindrical to campanulate-cylindrical, 3-7 mm long, 2-4 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, outer and median ovate, obtuse, sometimes more or less apiculate, the inner narrowly ovate, obtuse to acute and slightly pungent, shortly pectinate-fimbriate, sometimes purple-tinged, 4.2-5.5 mm long, all with paler membranous margins and darker green or sometimes purplish-tinged and pubescent in upper part towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945381-1 wfo-0000132304 morphology 1CA50B87-833C-4001-9546-6C42C75FB22F Corolla pale to deep mauve, lilac-blue or purple, 5-6.5 mm long, lobes 1.5-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945381-1 wfo-0000132304 morphology 1CA50B87-833C-4001-9546-6C42C75FB22F Achenes cylindrical, slightly compressed, slightly curved, glabrous, with 5-7 rounded ribs, 2-2.3 mm long; pappus 1.2-1.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945381-1 wfo-0000132304 morphology 1CA50B87-833C-4001-9546-6C42C75FB22F Fig. 33, p. 144. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945381-1 wfo-0000031206 morphology 3FF55A06-15DF-4AD1-9637-5D37F5459B4F Annual herb 20-70 cm high; stems with spreading or ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935007-1 wfo-0000031206 morphology 3FF55A06-15DF-4AD1-9637-5D37F5459B4F Leaves opposite on the lower part of the plant, alternate above, sessile, (narrowly) elliptic or narrowly ovate, 3-10 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, cuneate or attenuate at the base, incised to almost pinnatilobed with coarsely crenate-serrate lobes or coarsely serrate with apiculate teeth, apex obtuse and apiculate, thinly pubescent on main veins beneath and less densely so above, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935007-1 wfo-0000031206 morphology 3FF55A06-15DF-4AD1-9637-5D37F5459B4F Capitula rather numerous, clustered in apical and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula with ascending and spreading hairs; involucres campanulate, 5-8 mm long, 4.5-6 mm in diameter; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, acute to acuminate-apiculate, the innermost obtuse and shortly apiculate-pungent, long-pilose in upper part, darker green and slightly hairy in upper part below apex and with pallid membranous margins, 6-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935007-1 wfo-0000031206 morphology 3FF55A06-15DF-4AD1-9637-5D37F5459B4F Florets 40-50 per capitulum; corolla violet or mauve, 4.5-5.5 mm long, lobes 1.5-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935007-1 wfo-0000031206 morphology 3FF55A06-15DF-4AD1-9637-5D37F5459B4F Achenes 1.3-1.5 mm long, with 5 rounded ribs, glabrous; pappus tawny, 1.8-2.5 mm long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935007-1 wfo-0000062243 morphology A9BD0B38-F040-4AA2-8585-764AFD04F835 Annual herb 10-100 cm tall; stems often distally purplish, erect, simple or branched, laxly pubescent with spreading flagelliform and ascending T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185813-1 wfo-0000062243 morphology A9BD0B38-F040-4AA2-8585-764AFD04F835 Leaves opposite in lower part of plant, alternate distally, subsessile, (broadly) elliptic, 0.6-13 cm long, 0.2-5.5 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins coarsely serrate or sinuate-serrate, apex acuminate, thinly finely strigose above and mainly on veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185813-1 wfo-0000062243 morphology A9BD0B38-F040-4AA2-8585-764AFD04F835 Capitula rather congested in upper axillary and terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 1-10 mm long; involucres campanulate or ovoid, 3-8 mm long, 3-6 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries narrowly ovate, more or less attenuate, acute, long-pubescent, fimbriate-pectinate on purplish membranous margins, the inner 4.5-9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185813-1 wfo-0000062243 morphology A9BD0B38-F040-4AA2-8585-764AFD04F835 Corolla pale mauve or purple, 4-10 mm long, with scattered glands, lobes ± 2.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185813-1 wfo-0000062243 morphology A9BD0B38-F040-4AA2-8585-764AFD04F835 Achenes pale brown, 4-5-ribbed, 1.2-1.5 mm long; pappus of few caducous bristles 1-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185813-1 wfo-0000062243 morphology A9BD0B38-F040-4AA2-8585-764AFD04F835 Fig. 32/6-7, p. 140. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185813-1 wfo-0000116255 morphology D83F42B6-1402-481A-9874-350A888BAE2B Annual herb 12-150 cm tall; stems erect, little branched, slightly ridged, finely pubescent with a mixture of patent flagelliform hairs and appressed T-shaped hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945382-1 wfo-0000116255 morphology D83F42B6-1402-481A-9874-350A888BAE2B Leaves opposite in lower part of plant, alternate distally, sessile or with petiole to 15 mm long, elliptic, narrowly elliptic or narrowly ovate, 2-12 cm long, 0.2-6 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins remotely serrulate to serrate, apex acute, sparsely shortly pubescent and glandular on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945382-1 wfo-0000116255 morphology D83F42B6-1402-481A-9874-350A888BAE2B Capitula lax to congested in terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 1-8 cm long, ascending-pubescent; involucres conical, 5-8 mm long, 3-9 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries narrowly ovate, the outer from 3 mm long, the inner to 8 mm long, pungent, finely pubescent, sometimes purplish-tinged on the pallid fimbriate-pectinate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945382-1 wfo-0000116255 morphology D83F42B6-1402-481A-9874-350A888BAE2B Corolla pale lilac, pale blue or mauve, 5-9 mm long, lobes 1.5-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945382-1 wfo-0000116255 morphology D83F42B6-1402-481A-9874-350A888BAE2B Achenes 1.5-2.5 mm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous and glandular between the ribs; pappus absent or of few caducous bristles 1-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945382-1 wfo-0000086740 morphology 652E0459-265C-4D01-B8F4-920A231E3A6F Woody herb or shrub 0.9-3 m tall, sometimes reaching 6 m by scrambling on other vegetation; stems shortly crispate-pubescent and glabrescent to almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935008-1 wfo-0000086740 morphology 652E0459-265C-4D01-B8F4-920A231E3A6F Leaves opposite, petiolate, ovate or elliptic, 6.5-16 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins serrate, apex shortly acuminate, shortly scattered crispate-pubescent or minutely hairy on veins beneath, otherwise almost glabrous; petiole 0.5-2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935008-1 wfo-0000086740 morphology 652E0459-265C-4D01-B8F4-920A231E3A6F Capitula numerous in terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula crispate-pubescent or shortly pubescent with brownish hairs; involucres campanulate-obconic to campanulate-hemispherical, 3-7 mm long, 3-3.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, ovate to narrowly ovate, acute to obtuse and (pungent-)apiculate, more or less pubescent, sometimes purple-tinged, the innermost 3.4-4.6 mm long, all dark centrally below apex and with pallid membranous margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935008-1 wfo-0000086740 morphology 652E0459-265C-4D01-B8F4-920A231E3A6F Corolla mauve, pale purple or pale blue, 5-6.5 mm long, proximally with stalked glands, lobes 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935008-1 wfo-0000086740 morphology 652E0459-265C-4D01-B8F4-920A231E3A6F Achenes 2.2-2.5 mm long, 5-6-ribbed; pappus of few caducous bristles 1.5-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935008-1 wfo-0000006477 morphology 94F015F1-9E4C-4ADE-A7E4-CE9225024E50 Perennial herb with woody base or shrub, to 1.8 m tall; branches numerous, ascending, ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935009-1 wfo-0000006477 morphology 94F015F1-9E4C-4ADE-A7E4-CE9225024E50 Leaves opposite, petiolate, greyish green, narrowly ovate or elliptic, 4.5-12 cm long, 1.2-4 cm wide, base cuneate and often very unequally so, margins serrate, apex obtusely acuminate, densely finely crispate-pubescent or finely strigose above, densely crispate-tomentose beneath; petiole 0.6-1.8 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935009-1 wfo-0000006477 morphology 94F015F1-9E4C-4ADE-A7E4-CE9225024E50 Capitula in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-tomentose; involucres obconic-cylindrical, 10-13 mm long, 5-11 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries ± 4-seriate, narrowly ovate, pungent, densely tomentose, the median darker and pubescent below apex, with broad pale scarious pectinate-fimbriate margins, the inner glabrous and 8.5-9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935009-1 wfo-0000006477 morphology 94F015F1-9E4C-4ADE-A7E4-CE9225024E50 Corolla lilac or pale lilac, 7.5 mm long, lobes 2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935009-1 wfo-0000006477 morphology 94F015F1-9E4C-4ADE-A7E4-CE9225024E50 Achenes 2-3 mm long, 5-7-ribbed; pappus 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935009-1 wfo-0000080215 morphology 75306731-3F51-4E44-86C7-A29B4A6444CA Perennial herb or small shrub with annual shoots 0.6-3 m high from a woody rootstock; stems erect, somewhat woody proximally, green with reddish purple tinge, laxly pubescent with fine crispate or spreading or ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185827-1 wfo-0000080215 morphology 75306731-3F51-4E44-86C7-A29B4A6444CA Leaves opposite or rarely in whorls of 3, subsessile, ovate or elliptic, 4-20 cm long, 1.6-8 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded to cordate and slightly semi-amplexicaul, margins serrate with callose-tipped teeth, apex acute, finely strigose-hispid above, finely sparsely strigose to densely tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185827-1 wfo-0000080215 morphology 75306731-3F51-4E44-86C7-A29B4A6444CA Capitula numerous in more or less congested terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 1-10 mm long, densely pubescent with ascending and spreading or crispate hairs; involucres ovoid, campanulate, 4-7 mm long, 3-6 mm in diameter; phyllaries 3-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, apiculate, pubescent and darker towards the apex, with paler membranous margins, the inner tipped with red, fimbriate-pectinate on the upper margins and 3.5-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185827-1 wfo-0000080215 morphology 75306731-3F51-4E44-86C7-A29B4A6444CA Corolla purple or pale mauve, 4-7 mm long, sparsely glandular, lobes 2-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185827-1 wfo-0000080215 morphology 75306731-3F51-4E44-86C7-A29B4A6444CA Achenes pale brown, 1-1.8 mm long, 4-7-ribbed, with dense glands in between the ribs, glabrous; pappus of few bristles 1.3-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185827-1 wfo-0000093428 morphology 8054D5EB-B2FF-427D-A2BD-FD4662C4739A Erect woody herb or shrub 0.9-1.2 m tall; stems thickly long-tomentose or floccose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935010-1 wfo-0000093428 morphology 8054D5EB-B2FF-427D-A2BD-FD4662C4739A Leaves opposite, petiolate or sessile, ovate or elliptic, 4-16 cm long, 2-7 cm wide, base cuneate (but petiole base half-amplexicaul), margins crenate-serrate, apex obtuse and minutely apiculate, finely softly pubescent and subglabrescent except for main veins above, densely long-tomentose or floccose beneath; petiole when present up to 1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935010-1 wfo-0000093428 morphology 8054D5EB-B2FF-427D-A2BD-FD4662C4739A Capitula in ultimately congested terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula thickly spreading-tomentose; involucres hemispherical-obconic, 4-6 mm long; phyllaries in several series, narrowly ovate, densely tomentose and the outer more or less obscuring the inner, shortly pungent-apiculate, the inner glabrous or pubescent below the apex and 4-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935010-1 wfo-0000093428 morphology 8054D5EB-B2FF-427D-A2BD-FD4662C4739A Corolla purple, 5-6 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935010-1 wfo-0000093428 morphology 8054D5EB-B2FF-427D-A2BD-FD4662C4739A Achenes 2-2.2 mm long, 5-9-ribbed; pappus 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935010-1 wfo-0000090890 morphology 1BF8EB6B-2099-435A-93D1-AD8624A2790A Coarse herb or shrub, the branches supported by other vegetation, 1.2-3.6 m tall; stems densely tomentose with shaggy hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945383-1 wfo-0000090890 morphology 1BF8EB6B-2099-435A-93D1-AD8624A2790A Leaves opposite, sessile, narrowly ovate or elliptic, 9-15 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, base rounded to cordate and semiamplexicaul, margins serrate, apex acute, shaggy-tomentose on the midrib and otherwise thinly finely softly pubescent above, finely and densely tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945383-1 wfo-0000090890 morphology 1BF8EB6B-2099-435A-93D1-AD8624A2790A Capitula numerous in copious terminal and upper axillary corymbose cymes, stalks of individual capitula densely shaggy-pubescent; involucres 3-4 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, pungent, darker centrally below apex, pubescent, the inner acute and 5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945383-1 wfo-0000090890 morphology 1BF8EB6B-2099-435A-93D1-AD8624A2790A Corolla mauve or lilac, 5.5-6 mm long, lobes 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945383-1 wfo-0000090890 morphology 1BF8EB6B-2099-435A-93D1-AD8624A2790A Achenes 1.6 mm long, 6-9-ribbed, the grooves densely glandular, glabrous; pappus of few caducous bristles 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945383-1 wfo-0000115773 morphology 131C757C-1E0F-4D91-BB0C-A2AECA2D49DA Shrub or shrubby herb 0.6-3 m tall; stems erect, much-branched, white-tomentose but old branches dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908457-1 wfo-0000115773 morphology 131C757C-1E0F-4D91-BB0C-A2AECA2D49DA Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, (narrowly) ovate or elliptic, 2-13.5 cm long, 0.5-6 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate to rounded, margins crenulate-serrulate or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, somewhat bullate, discolorous, green and very sparsely softly arachnoid-pubescent and glabrescent above, whitish or silvery with dense felted tomentum beneath; petiole 0.3-2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908457-1 wfo-0000115773 morphology 131C757C-1E0F-4D91-BB0C-A2AECA2D49DA Capitula numerous in dense terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely white-tomentose; involucre obconic-cylindrical to campanulate-cylindrical, 2-6 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, obtuse and apiculate to acute, the inner fimbriate-pectinate in upper part on the membranous margins and 3.7-5.7 mm long, outer and median somewhat keeled, all darker, silvery-pubescent and often purple-tinged centrally distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908457-1 wfo-0000115773 morphology 131C757C-1E0F-4D91-BB0C-A2AECA2D49DA Corolla pale to deep mauve or purple or pale lilac, 5-6.5 mm long, lobes 1.8-2.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908457-1 wfo-0000115773 morphology 131C757C-1E0F-4D91-BB0C-A2AECA2D49DA Achenes 1.3-1.8 mm long, 5-10-ribbed, ribs rounded, alternating with gland-filled grooves; pappus of few caducous bristles 1.3-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908457-1 wfo-0000115773 morphology 131C757C-1E0F-4D91-BB0C-A2AECA2D49DA Fig. 34. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908457-1 wfo-0000051831 morphology 397F0FBF-180F-4941-8283-E24A930D9BB2 Shrub up to 1.2 m tall; stems erect, with short internodes, densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908458-1 wfo-0000051831 morphology 397F0FBF-180F-4941-8283-E24A930D9BB2 Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate or subsessile, ovate, 3-12 cm long, 1.3-5 cm wide, base cuneate or rounded, margins serrulate with callus-tipped teeth, apex acute or shortly acuminate, somewhat bullate, sparsely finely pubescent above, densely white-tomentose beneath; petiole to 1 cm long, those of opposite leaves connate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908458-1 wfo-0000051831 morphology 397F0FBF-180F-4941-8283-E24A930D9BB2 Capitula in dense terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 2-7 mm long, densely pubescent with fine spreading hairs; involucres campanulate, 5-7 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, ovate, shortly pungent, white-tomentose in upper part, the inner narrowly ovate, pubescent below the apex, fimbriate-pectinate and purplish on the membranous margins, 5-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908458-1 wfo-0000051831 morphology 397F0FBF-180F-4941-8283-E24A930D9BB2 Florets 30-35; corolla purple, 5.5-7 mm long, lobes 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908458-1 wfo-0000051831 morphology 397F0FBF-180F-4941-8283-E24A930D9BB2 Achenes 1.7-2 mm long, 5-7-ribbed, glabrous, glandular between the ribs; pappus of few caducous bristles 1.5-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908458-1 wfo-0000118662 morphology E1C7EEE9-A8EA-489F-B48D-AECBA79A02E6 Bushy herb 0.9 m tall; stems densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908456-1 wfo-0000118662 morphology E1C7EEE9-A8EA-489F-B48D-AECBA79A02E6 Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate or subsessile, ovate, 3-6 cm long, 1.4-2 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins crenulate-serrulate, apex obtuse and apiculate, finely softly pubescent above, densely white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908456-1 wfo-0000118662 morphology E1C7EEE9-A8EA-489F-B48D-AECBA79A02E6 Capitula in dense terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucres broadly campanulate, 7-9 mm long, 10-12 mm in diameter; phyllaries 4-5-seriate, closely imbricate, outer ovate, apiculate, densely pubescent, inner narrowly ovate, pubescent in upper part, acute, 9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908456-1 wfo-0000118662 morphology E1C7EEE9-A8EA-489F-B48D-AECBA79A02E6 Florets 120-130; corolla purple, 6 mm long, lobes 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908456-1 wfo-0000118662 morphology E1C7EEE9-A8EA-489F-B48D-AECBA79A02E6 Achenes 1.7-2.3 mm long, 5-8-ribbed, glandular in between; pappus of few caducous bristles 1-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:908456-1 wfo-0000118744 morphology 6199BA8D-A335-48AB-BBE8-F9F1CB30E07B Shrub 1-2(-4) m tall; stems erect, finely appressed-pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945384-1 wfo-0000118744 morphology 6199BA8D-A335-48AB-BBE8-F9F1CB30E07B Leaves alternate, petiolate, elliptic or ovate, 5-20 cm long, 2.5-7 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins rather coarsely acutely serrate, apex acuminate to somewhat attenuate, scattered-pubescent above and mainly on veins beneath; petiole crispate-pubescent, 0.7-3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945384-1 wfo-0000118744 morphology 6199BA8D-A335-48AB-BBE8-F9F1CB30E07B Capitula numerous in rather dense cymes, organized in lax terminal compound corymbs; stalks of individual capitula crispate-pubescent; involucres obconic-campanulate, 4-5 mm long, 3-4 mm in diameter; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, more or less pubescent on the margins, the inner pectinate-laciniate, acuminate or attenuate, pungent, 4-5 mm long, all darker in centre towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945384-1 wfo-0000118744 morphology 6199BA8D-A335-48AB-BBE8-F9F1CB30E07B Florets 8-15; corolla light purple or mauve, 5-6 mm long, lobes 2.2-2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945384-1 wfo-0000118744 morphology 6199BA8D-A335-48AB-BBE8-F9F1CB30E07B Achenes turbinate, 1.5-2 mm long, almost smooth, 4-5-ribbed, crowned with a small undulate-denticulate rim; pappus of few caducous bristles 1.7-2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945384-1 wfo-0000038505 morphology BB10EF03-BC27-4AC3-B165-0180DCCA6162 Shrub 1.5-2.5 m tall; stems erect, little-branched, brownish-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945385-1 wfo-0000038505 morphology BB10EF03-BC27-4AC3-B165-0180DCCA6162 Leaves alternate, aromatic, petiolate, elliptic, 10-20 cm long, 3.5-8 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins serrate, apex acuminate, sparsely shortly pubescent especially on veins above, sparsely glandular; petiole 0.4-2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945385-1 wfo-0000038505 morphology BB10EF03-BC27-4AC3-B165-0180DCCA6162 Capitula numerous, in small, congested clusters, these in turn long-stalked in terminal compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula short, tomentose with brownish hairs; involucres cylindrical, 6-10 mm long at flowering time; phyllaries more or less 3-seriate, ovate, pungent-apiculate, darker centrally in upper part, glabrous or sometimes the outermost pubescent, the inner narrowly ovate, fimbriate on the pallid membranous margins, acute, 7-10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945385-1 wfo-0000038505 morphology BB10EF03-BC27-4AC3-B165-0180DCCA6162 Corolla purplish white, 5-6 mm long, sparsely glandular, lobes 2-2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945385-1 wfo-0000038505 morphology BB10EF03-BC27-4AC3-B165-0180DCCA6162 Achenes turbinate, 2-2.5 mm long, almost smooth, 4-5-ribbed, crowned with a small undulate-denticulate rim; pappus of few caducous bristles 1.5-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945385-1 wfo-0000134919 morphology 515FC36F-B624-4BAD-96EA-D042E0B1135C Branching shrub 2.4-3 m tall; stems erect, shaggy with brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945386-1 wfo-0000134919 morphology 515FC36F-B624-4BAD-96EA-D042E0B1135C Leaves alternate, petiolate, elliptic or narrowly ovate or obovate, 6-20 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, base attenuate, margins serrate, apex acuminate, thinly scattered-pubescent and more densely pubescent on main veins beneath and above; petioles up to 2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945386-1 wfo-0000134919 morphology 515FC36F-B624-4BAD-96EA-D042E0B1135C Capitula numerous in dense subglobose clusters in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly tomentose; involucre narrowly obconic-cylindrical, 5-7 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, outer and median ovate-oblong, pungent-apiculate, broadly membranous-margined, inner narrowly ovate, with broad fimbriate-pectinate margins, pungent-apiculate, glabrous, 6-6.3 mm long, all purplish distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945386-1 wfo-0000134919 morphology 515FC36F-B624-4BAD-96EA-D042E0B1135C Corolla purplish white or pale mauve, 5.5-6 mm long, lobes 2 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945386-1 wfo-0000134919 morphology 515FC36F-B624-4BAD-96EA-D042E0B1135C Achene (immature) ± 1.5 mm long, crowned with a short toothed rim, and with few caducous bristles 1.5-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945386-1 wfo-0000135943 morphology 729525B4-22FA-4156-9063-ABE6855134C4 Shrub or woody herb 0.6-1.8 m tall; stems densely white-tomentose to almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185822-1 wfo-0000135943 morphology 729525B4-22FA-4156-9063-ABE6855134C4 Leaves alternate, petiolate or sessile, (narrowly) ovate, 5.5-11 cm long, 1.6-4.2 cm wide, base rounded to cuneate, margins (coarsely) crenate-serrate, apex obtuse and apiculate, thinly closely tomentose to almost glabrous and glandular above, densely white-tomentose to glabrous beneath; petiole absent or 0.5-2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185822-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Stamens 10–12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Ovary brown or white strigulose, several-ovuled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000193478 morphology 3F49CA03-B478-4F12-BB67-ACE008602F2A Pods unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499607-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Softly woody shrub up to 3 m. tall; stems ribbed, brownish or whitish strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Stipules linear-lanceolate, often reflexed, up to 8 mm. long; rhachis brown strigulose, up to 14 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–3 cm., prolonged ± 5 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae brown strigulose, ± 1.5 mm. long; petiolules ± 2 mm. long; leaflets 11–21, oblong-elliptic, apiculate, up to 25 mm. long and 14 mm. wide, finely white strigulose above, with both brown and white hairs beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Racemes dark brown strigulose, many-flowered, up to 20 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 6 cm.; bracts linear-lanceolate, attenuate, up to 5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels up to 3 mm. long and reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Calyx brown strigulose, ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, with a short subulate tip, about as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Corolla densely white puberulent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Stamens 7–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000194938 morphology 1D488530-A93D-4780-88A1-40A4918D2D7A Pods blackish-brown, somewhat upturned at the tip, ± 4 cm. long, 3 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick, minutely strigulose, ± 8-seeded; endocarp somewhat spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499927-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Softly woody shrub up to 2 m. tall; stems ribbed, minutely brown strigulose or puberulent, usually ascending, almost unbranched from a perennial base at ground level. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Stipules triangular, ± 2 mm. long; rhachis brown strigulose or puberulent, up to 8 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 10 or 15 mm., prolonged up to 9 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipellae filiform, caducous, 1.5 mm. long; petiolules blackish strigulose or puberulent, 2–3 mm. long; leaflets 7–11 or rarely 5, coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, often emarginate, up to 2 cm. long and 16 mm. wide, or rarely up to 4.5 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, strigulose on both surfaces, the hairs brown and ± spreading on the nerves beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Racemes almost sessile, densely blackish brown strigulose, many-flowered, up to ± 7 cm. long; bracts lanceolate-acuminate, up to 3 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Calyx densely brown, or rarely white, strigulose, ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, the upper almost obsolete, shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Corolla densely golden-brown strigulose outside; standard persistent after the other petals have fallen, sometimes until the fruit is ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Stamens 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Pod straight, subcylindrical, pointed, 15–22 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.9 mm. thick, brown strigulose; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Seeds 4–5, well separated. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191952 morphology B391EE94-AAA8-42B7-8D7B-78526578B2D3 Fig. 43/6, p. 293. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499304-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Differs from I. emarginella in the more slender less erect unridged floriferous stems, which are usually short shoots on older stems showing next year’s buds in fruiting specimens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Leaflets 3–5 or rarely 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Inflorescence rarely over 2 cm. long, with up to 20 flowers, its axis hardly ridged and hardly thicker than the scarcely reflexed fruiting pedicel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Indumentum of calyx relatively sparse, often white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Standard caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000191972 morphology 89C965DA-789B-4367-BA7E-B5B05C0B6B77 Pod up to 28 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499305-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Softly woody shrub up to 3 m. tall much resembling I. emarginella. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA The stems seem usually to persist, not dying back to ground level annually. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Leaflets 9–19, up to 18 mm. long and 10 mm. wide, usually more densely strigulose-pubescent than those of I. emarginella. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Racemes usually longer than the subtending leaf, with a peduncle of 3–4 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Calyx-lobes distinctly pointed, the lower ones at least usually as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Standard somewhat persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Stamens 3–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000195701 morphology 9EE125E6-D754-48E2-8218-D3CFE772EEFA Pod up to 35 mm. long, strigulose with brownish or brownish and white hairs, ± 10-seeded; endocarp strongly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500068-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Softly woody shrub up to 2.5 m. tall, everywhere sparsely appressed white strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Leaves varying greatly in size according to the rainfall, sometimes tufted on condensed short shoots; stipules triangular-subulate, 2–4 mm. long; rhachis up to 45 mm. long, including a petiole of ± 10 mm., prolonged up to 5 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipellae absent or almost so; leaflets 7–9, rarely 5 or 11, cuneate, oblong-obovate, often emarginate, up to 20 mm. long and 12 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Racemes many-flowered, sessile or, when much elongated, shortly pedunculate, 1–13 cm. long; bracts lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long, occasionally persistent; pedicel up to 2 mm. long, reflexed in fruit, but, by a bending of its base, the fruit itself is spreading or ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Calyx 2.5 mm. long; lobes triangular-acuminate, twice as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Corolla white strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Pod pointed, markedly tetragonal or almost winged, the wing, but not the sutures, slightly undulate, 3–4 cm. long, ± 3.5 mm. wide and 4 mm. thick, sparsely white strigulose; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000193355 morphology 1DA5AD15-49C4-4116-9C52-1E74939416CE Seeds 4–8, tetragonal, twice as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499599-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Shrublet about 50 cm. tall, the branches densely appressed silvery. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Stipules subulate, ± 2 mm. long; petiole normally 2–3 mm. long; rhachis normally not, or ± 1 mm. only, prolonged beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets usually 3, cuneate-obovate, apiculate, ± 12 mm. long and 7 mm. wide, strigulose above, strigose beneath, the midrib impressed above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Racemes silvery, 10–20-flowered, up to 6 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 2 cm.; bracts lanceolate, ± 1.5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1.5 mm. long, strongly reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Calyx ± 2.5 mm. long; lobes triangular-acuminate, rather longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Corolla white strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Stamens 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Ovary up to 12-ovulate, densely strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Fruit arcuate or circinate, with flattened gaps between the 5–8 oblong seeds, up to 3 cm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide and 1.4 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000191214 morphology 6875EC62-28E0-4417-AD00-ADFE66E6F70D Seeds yellow streaked with purple, smooth, rounded oblong, bluntly rhombic in cross section, ± 2.3 × 1.2 × 1.0 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499148-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A An intricate shrublet up to 0.5 m. tall; stems cylindrical, like the leaf-rhachides and inflorescences rather densely appressed strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Stipules triangular-subulate, ± 1 mm. long; rhachis 10–15 mm. long, including a petiole of ± 2 mm.; leaflets 5–9, cuneate-oblong, apiculate, up to 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, green or blackish when dry, strigulose beneath, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Racemes 10–12-flowered, sessile, ± 1 cm. long; bracts ovate, ± 0.4 mm. long, deciduous or persistent; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Calyx white strigulose, ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes broadly triangular, shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Corolla white or brown strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Pod brown, indehiscent, straight or slightly curved, up to 12 mm. long, strongly torulose, the segments subglobular, ± 2.2 mm. in diameter, the isthmi ± 1.3 mm. wide and 0.9 mm. thick, strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190819 morphology EBBA5BF3-707A-43C8-A78A-24794742FC9A Seeds 1–4, subglobose, smooth, black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499052-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Stout erect woody herb up to 70 cm. tall; stems slightly ridged, very densely strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Stipules subulate, setaceous-tipped, ± 3 mm. long; rhachis channelled above, sparsely strigulose, up to 8 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 2 cm., prolonged 2–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae minute; petiolules 1 mm. long; leaflets 7–15, cuneate, elliptic-oblong, emarginate in lower leaves, rounded in the upper, up to 19 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, sparingly strigulose beneath, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Racemes many-flowered, sessile, up to 3.5 cm. long; axis strigulose; bracts linear-lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long, very caducous; pedicel ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Calyx strigulose, ± 1.3 mm. long; lobes subulate-tipped, about as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Corolla golden-brown strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Pod brown, indehiscent, or the valves rupturing irregularly, not torulose, obtuse-apiculate, up to 6 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, 2.5 mm. thick; dorsal suture ± 1.5 mm. wide; endocarp brown, the spots confluent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000190259 morphology 011A2335-CAC0-4DB6-BE4D-190B0E5293A9 Seeds 1–2 or rarely 3, rounded-cuboid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498945-1 wfo-0000193313 morphology 00FC2206-822D-4FE4-B0D8-6616F6D0082C Branching rather woody herb up to 130 cm. tall; stems slender, cylindrical, reddish, sparingly strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499587-1 wfo-0000193313 morphology 00FC2206-822D-4FE4-B0D8-6616F6D0082C Stipules subulate, ± 2 mm. long; rhachis subcylindrical, flattened above, sparingly strigulose, up to 9 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 15 mm., prolonged up to 7 mm. beyond the last leaflet-pair; stipellae subulate, ± 0.5 mm. long; petiolules ± 2 mm. long; leaflets 9–13, elliptic-lanceolate, apiculate, up to 20 mm. long and 11 mm. wide, drying blackish, sparsely strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499587-1 wfo-0000193313 morphology 00FC2206-822D-4FE4-B0D8-6616F6D0082C Racemes many-flowered, sessile, up to 10 cm. long, sparsely strigulose; bracts linear-lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499587-1 wfo-0000193313 morphology 00FC2206-822D-4FE4-B0D8-6616F6D0082C Calyx brown strigulose, ±1.2 mm. long; lobes triangular, rather longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499587-1 wfo-0000193313 morphology 00FC2206-822D-4FE4-B0D8-6616F6D0082C Corolla densely brown strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499587-1 wfo-0000193313 morphology 00FC2206-822D-4FE4-B0D8-6616F6D0082C Pod brown, subcylindrical, straight, apiculate, up to 2 cm. long, ± 2.3 mm. wide, sparsely strigulose, 5–6-seeded; endocarp spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499587-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Stout rather woody herb 1–2 or rarely up to 3 m. tall; stems somewhat ridged, rather densely strigulose, the hairs white or brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Stipules subulate-setaceous, 2–9 mm. long; rhachis strigulose, up to 6 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 15 mm., prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; stipellae subulate, under 1 mm. long; petiolules ± 1 mm. long; leaflets 7–17, narrowly elliptic-oblong, up to 2 cm. long and ± 7 mm. wide, strigulose beneath, usually glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Racemes many-flowered, sessile, up to 5 cm. long but usually much shorter; bracts lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Calyx brown strigulose, ± 1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Corolla brown strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Stamens 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Pod brown, straight, slightly tetragonal, somewhat torulose, but not in the plane of the sutures, 12–17 mm. long, ± 2.2 mm. wide, up to 2.8 mm. thick; endocarp ± spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Seeds 4–6, shortly oblong, rhombic in cross-section. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000190433 morphology 048880E1-A992-4B34-8141-CD0B3F05BFFC Fig. 43/4, p. 293. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498996-1 wfo-0000195905 morphology 967A4211-3969-4038-BD4D-8A011C3E33F1 Shrubby herb 0.5–1.7 m. tall, closely related to I. arrecta, differing principally in the fruit which is longer (up to 35 mm.), ± 2 mm. wide and thick, 8–12-seeded and often somewhat curved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500111-1 wfo-0000195905 morphology 967A4211-3969-4038-BD4D-8A011C3E33F1 Indumentum of stem and calyx white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500111-1 wfo-0000195905 morphology 967A4211-3969-4038-BD4D-8A011C3E33F1 Leaflets 9–13 or rarely up to 17, either glabrous or strigulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500111-1 wfo-0000195905 morphology 967A4211-3969-4038-BD4D-8A011C3E33F1 Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500111-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Slightly woody annual up to 1.3 m. tall; stems reddish, slightly ridged, stiffly pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Stipules linear, up to 8 mm. long; rhachis brown pilose, up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of 2–6 mm., prolonged by 4–7 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae not visible; petiolules ± 1.5 mm. long; leaflets 9–13, oblong-elliptic, apiculate, up to 20 mm. long and 10 mm. wide, softly white pilose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Racemes stiffly dark brown pilose, very densely many-flowered, up to 25 cm. long, including the peduncle which is usually longer than the floriferous part; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long; pedicels under 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Calyx stiffly brown-black pilose, ± 5 mm. long, divided almost to the base into setaceous lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Corolla white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Stamens ± 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000193224 morphology 1F50B847-3D80-4C1B-A5FD-EDC81B66CC9C Pods up to 8 mm. long, ± 1.8 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick, stiffly black pilose, ± 3-seeded; endocarp dark, not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499584-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Erect or spreading annual up to 1.5 m. tall; stems cylindrical or slightly ridged, stiffly brownish or, occasionally, white pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Stipules linear-setaceous, up to 1 cm. long; rhachis pilose, up to 9 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 2 cm., prolonged up to 13 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; stipellae not visible; petiolules 2 mm. long; leaflets 5–7 or rarely 9, elliptic-oblong, up to 40 mm. long and 25 mm. wide, the terminal rather longer than the lateral, pilose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Racemes dense, many-flowered, hirsute, in all 20 or 30 cm. long, including a peduncle which is more than 25 mm. long but usually shorter than the floriferous part; bracts linear-lanceolate, up to 5 mm. long, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, reflexed in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Calyx stiffly brown hirsute, ± 4 mm. long, divided almost to the base into linear-setaceous lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Corolla white pubescent outside, brick-red or rose, the standard the same colour as the wings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Stamens ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Pod straight, rather tetragonal, with well-developed sutures, 12–20 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and thick, hirsute, many of the hairs, especially the dorsal ones, usually brown; endocarp strongly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Seeds 6–9, cuboid, angular, strongly pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000192713 morphology C829DF28-3693-4532-8227-3568036FAE9A Fig. 45/1–14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499456-1 wfo-0000190508 morphology 99342E81-4C15-41D1-B4DD-55C8FD3B54A2 Differs from I. hirsuta as follows: the leaflets are usually up to 9 and sometimes 11 in number; hairs of the inflorescence and fruit are more often white, the peduncle less than 25 mm. long, the corolla paler, especially the standard which is usually paler than the wings, the pod ± 3 mm. thick instead of 2 mm. (in a plane at right-angles to that of the sutures) and up to 6-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499007-1 wfo-0000190508 morphology 99342E81-4C15-41D1-B4DD-55C8FD3B54A2 Fig. 45/15, 16. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499007-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Herb with a perennial woody rootstock, or sometimes shrubby and up to 1.3 m. tall, with silvery indumentum on stems, leaf-rhachides and inflorescences. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Stipules linear-lanceolate, up to 9 mm. long, with brown scarious margins and subulate tips; rhachis subcylindrical, channelled above, up to 6 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 3 mm., prolonged up to 5 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–10, alternate, lanceolate-elliptic or obovate, apiculate, up to 25 mm. long and 20 mm. wide, strigulose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Raceme many-flowered, up to 20 cm. long including a peduncle of 1–2 cm.; bracts reddish, ovate, subulate, ± 1 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels up to 1 mm. long, reflexed after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Calyx white strigulose, 2–3 mm. long; lobes triangular, 1–2 times as long as the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Corolla densely glistening yellow strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Stamens 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000195045 morphology 8DD431DF-D5E5-4CAA-A3A1-07A51CCBBDE0 Pods straight, somewhat curved or bent sharply at the base, subtetragonal, up to 28 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide, rather densely white strigulose, up to 12-seeded; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499959-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Annual or short-lived perennial procumbent herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Indumentum of white biramous hairs rather dense and nearly always appressed on stems and leaves, somewhat spreading on inflorescence, calyx and fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Stipules narrowly linear-lanceolate, subfalcate; leaf-rhachis up to 15 mm. long, including a petiole of up to 7 mm.; leaflets 2–4, broadly elliptic, obtuse, the terminal one larger than the lateral and up to 20 mm. long and 15 mm. wide, the hairs on the upper surface more slender than those beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Raceme up to 9 cm. long including a peduncle up to 3.5 cm. long; flowers numerous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Calyx pilose, deeply divided, about as long as the 3.5 mm. long stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Pod straight, ± 12 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, 6–7-seeded; endocarp with pale spots in 4 longitudinal bands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000192923 morphology F4113FE3-A50D-4EC5-8865-C01A25CF516F Seeds cuboid, orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499496-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Branching herb up to 40 cm. tall from a perennial rootstock; stems, inflorescences, stipules and leaf-rhachides ± densely strigose or pilose, the hairs often spreading at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Stipules rather scarious at the broad base, tapering to a setaceous tip, up to 8 mm. long; rhachis up to 25 mm. long, including a petiole of 1–5 mm., produced up to 5 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 3–7, alternate, lanceolate-oblong, the terminal much larger than the lateral, up to 45 mm. long and 15 mm. wide, strigose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Racemes diffusely strigose, up to 7 cm. long, including a peduncle of 1–2.5 cm.; bracts lanceolate, up to 4 mm. long, diffusely strigose, caducous; pedicels ± 1 mm. long, reflexed after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Calyx strigose, 4–6 mm. long, divided almost to the base into setaceous lobes, the lower much longer than the upper. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Corolla strigose-pubescent outside, very caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Pod straight, rather tetragonal, up to 15 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide, 5–8-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000196338 morphology 88E5C882-1BF7-46C1-8EF1-06EE99B58CDB Fig. 46/1–16, p. 316. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500181-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Prostrate or ascending herb with a thick perennial rootstock; stems ridged, somewhat flattened, sparingly appressed strigulose, as are the leaf-rhachides and inflorescences. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Stipules broadly scarious at the base, tapering to a subulate tip, appressed strigulose, glabrescent at the margins; rhachis flattened, up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–3 mm., prolonged up to 3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, most often 7, cuneate-obovate or cuneate-oblong, apiculate, varying greatly in size, ± 3 mm. long in reduced forms, ±10 mm. in average plants and up to 30 mm. in stout forms, usually strigulose on both surfaces, or, rarely, glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Racemes densely many-flowered, the fertile portion 2 or more times as long as the 1–4 cm. long peduncle; bracts brownish, lanceolate, caducous; pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Calyx appressed strigose, 2–3 mm. long, divided almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-7000000484 morphology C62D1023-27AB-4616-A7BF-5D03EC30EA82 Trees and shrubs with linear to lanceolate or scale-leaves, usually dioecious, the males with small cones or spikes, the females with the cones small or reduced to 1 or 2 fertile scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126768-1 wfo-7000000484 morphology C62D1023-27AB-4616-A7BF-5D03EC30EA82 Ovules erect or inverted, with the sterile base of the seed scale complex (epimatium) usually ± folded over the ovule and the base of the bracts and cone axis sometimes swelling to form a fleshy receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126768-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Insectivorous herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Leaves in whorls or spirally arranged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Flowers in racemes or cymes or occasionally solitary, regular, hypogynous, hermaphrodite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Sepals 4–8, imbricate, basally connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Petals 4–8, imbricate, free, convolute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Stamens 5–20 in 1 or more whorls urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Ovary superior, syncarpous, 3–5-carpellary, unilocular; styles 3–5, free or somewhat united, simple or branched; ovules numerous, on 3–5 parietal placentas or a free-basal placenta urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Fruit a loculicidal capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000202 morphology 77E6D645-AEF7-40EE-8422-5E40A63FA23B Seeds small, with endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126644-1 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Trees, shrubs or rarely perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, entire or serrate; stipules usually absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Flowers hermaphrodite or dioecious, in racemes, panicles, umbels, clusters of Cymules or compact heads urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary; sepals 4–5 or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Petals 4–5 or rarely absent, imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Stamens 4–5, alternating with the petals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Ovary inferior, usually 2-celled but often 1–4 (–10)-celled; ovules pendulous, one per loculus urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000151 morphology 271F12C2-EAE4-41C4-9E19-D6801F238FCD Fruit a drupe or berry; embryo small in abundant endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002899-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Herbs (annual or perennial) or subshrubs, rarely shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Leaves simple, opposite or rarely spiral, with or without stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Inflorescences cymose, often loosely dichasial but sometimes secund or compact, frequently many-flowered but by reduction few-flowered or flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Flowers, with few exceptions, actinomorphic, hermaphrodite or unisexual (the species then dioecious, monoecious, or polygamous), parts in fives or rarely in fours, perianth hypogynous or perigynous, often with an internode between the calyx and the corolla urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Calyx of free sepals (polysepalous) or gamosepalous, frequently persistent and becoming more or less scarious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Corolla of free petals, in the gamosepalous genera with usually well differentiated lamina and claw and corona of scales often present, in the polysepalous genera not so differentiated, entire to deeply bi-lobed, sometimes absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Stamens 5 + 5 or fewer by reduction urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Gynoecium of 2, 3, 4, or 5 carpels, syncarpous; ovary 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-locular or unilocular, with numerous, few, or solitary ovules with axile, central, free central, or basal placentation urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Fruits capsular or reduced to one-seeded indehiscent nutlets urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000117 morphology 70581680-B9EF-428B-8D43-5B770215550E Seeds with perisperm but no, or at most very little, endosperm; embryo most often curved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000815-2 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Aromatic glabrous trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Leaves simple, gland-dotted, alternate, without stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Inflorescences axillary or axillary and terminal, cymose; bracts three, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Flowers regular, hermaphrodite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Sepals 4–5, free, rather thick, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Petals 4–12, free or connate, thin, imbricate or wanting urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Stamens hypogynous, up to 20; filaments united into a tube; anthers extrorse, adnate to the upper part of the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Ovary superior, 1–locular; ovules 2–many, subanatropous; placentation parietal, placentae 2–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Style thick and short; stigmas 2–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Fruit a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000108 morphology 9C195808-2DA1-4EFD-B354-972709715509 Seeds 2–many, shining, with oily and fleshy endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126585-1 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Trees or shrubs (in our area; also herbs elsewhere) with opposite simple leaves; stipules interpetiolar, sometimes reduced to a mere line; latex absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Inflorescences usually cymose and moderately branched but sometimes of numerous cymules racemosely arranged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Flowers regular, usually hermaphrodite, sometimes heterostylous, usually 4–5-merous (corolla-lobes up to 20 in Anthocleista) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Calyx shortly joined, ± campanulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Corolla with a short or long tube; lobes imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Stamens equal in number to and alternate with the corolla-lobes (in our area; more or less numerous elsewhere), the filaments often short urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Disc absent or slight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Ovary superior or half-inferior, 2 (rarely 1 or 4)-locular; style 1, rarely divided above; stigmas 1, 2 or 4; ovules usually numerous, sometimes few (rarely 1) on axil placentas, anatropous or amphitropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Fruit a usually septicidally dehiscent capsule (loculicidally dehiscent in >i>Mostuea), berry or drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000343 morphology A7E07761-59C6-4740-8387-E0C7C0814A6A Seeds various, sometimes flattened or winged; endosperm present; embryo usually straight; radicle usually inferior urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002038-2 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Erect or scandent shrubs, small trees or lianes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Leaves alternate, unifoliolate or imparipinnate; stipules and stipellae absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate or racemose, often fascicled in axils of older leaves or on older branchlets urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Flowers hermaphrodite, rarely dioecious,1 actinomorphic, usually pentacyclic, androecium and gynoecium often dimorphic or heteromorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Sepals 5, imbricate or valvate, usually free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Petals 5, free or lightly connate near base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Stamens 10, 5 episepalous longer than 5 epipetalous, the latter sometimes reduced and staminodal; filaments free or connate into a short tube at base; anthers dorsifixed, usually with longitudinal introrse dehiscence urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Carpels 5 or solitary, rarely 3, free; ovules normally 2, basal or attached to ventral suture, collateral, anatropous or orthotropous, erect. All carpels apparently fertile but usually only 1–3 mature urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Fruit usually follicular, dehiscence by ventral suture, sometimes indehiscent or dehiscence irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Seed solitary, with ± fleshy aril covering part or all of the seed; aril free or sometimes fused with testa to form a compound fleshy pseudo-aril urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000147 morphology 97F5B4BA-16FA-4A1E-A7D8-C60B60FCBDCB Endosperm abundant, rudimentary or absent; cotyledons plano-convex, fleshy, or much flattened and small; radicle apical or laterally displaced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126634-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees, covered with mucilage-glands (at least on the young parts), which become slimy when wetted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, usually simple, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Flowers usually solitary in the leaf axils, rarely in few-flowered racemes; pedicels generally with nectarial glands at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Flowers hermaphrodite, irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Calyx 5-partite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Corolla gamopetalous; tube usually obliquely campanulate, sometimes funnel-shaped or cylindrical and gibbous or spurred at the base; limb sub-bilabiate or subequally 5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Stamens 4, didynamous (fifth stamen often represented by a staminode) inserted near the base and normally included in the tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Anther-cells 2, parallel or divaricate, opening lengthwise, connective usually gland-tipped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Disc hypogynous, fleshy, generally conspicuous, often asymmetrical urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Ovary superior, usually 2-celled, cells often completely or partially divided by false septa, each compartment containing 1–? ovules attached to the central placenta; style filiform, exceeding the anthers, stigma usually 2-lobed, rarely 4-lobed or trumpet-shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Fruit very variable, dehiscent, or in-dehiscent, often provided with horns, spines or wings urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000444 morphology E47714C9-E7DE-46B0-B876-ADD0A3DB2533 Seeds 1–? in each compartment, sometimes winged; testa often reticulate or pitted, endosperm very thin urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126681-1 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Herbs, suffrutices, shrubs or trees, rarely climbers; juice resinous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Leaves opposite, verticillate or alternate, simple, often gland-dotted; stipules absent; indumentum often stellate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Inflorescence terminal, cymose-paniculate, or variously reduced to a single flower urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Flowers regular, A5; urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Sepals imbricate, often glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Petals imbricate or contorted, white, yellow or variously marked or tinged red urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Stamens numerous, hypogynous, often united into bundles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Ovary 1–5-locular; styles usually free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Ovules numerous, few or solitary in each loculus, axile, ascending, rarely pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Fruit a capsule, berry or drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000292 morphology B329BB4F-2531-4356-8A14-AC19E52673AF Seeds without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001287-2 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Trees, shrubs, or woody climbers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Leaves alternate, entire, simple, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Inflorescence racemose or umbellate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Flowers mainly bisexual but some dioecious (e.g. in Agonandra), but not in Africa, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Sepals 4–5, free, valvate, or sometimes partially united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Petals 4–5, free, valvate or sometimes partially united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Stamens opposite and equal in number to the petals, free or partially united to them; anthers dithecous, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Disk entire or bearing free glands alternating with the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-0000688019 morphology F2E31BB5-5A1D-48B8-B8AB-B9921BF7FFEB Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblanceolate to obovate, 6–20 × 3–8 cm., apex acuminate, base acute to attenuate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–7(–8) pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 1.5–4 cm. long, ± 3 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules partly connate, (0.5–)1–2(–3) cm. long, minutely white puberulous or almost glabrous, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852705-1 wfo-0000688019 morphology F2E31BB5-5A1D-48B8-B8AB-B9921BF7FFEB Figs 1(–3) in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.5–2.5 cm. long in E. Africa; basal bracts ± 4 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852705-1 wfo-0000688019 morphology F2E31BB5-5A1D-48B8-B8AB-B9921BF7FFEB Receptacle globose to obovoid (and usually on stipes up to 1 cm. long) or pyriform, 3–5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 2–3 cm. when dry, often somewhat scabrous, pale green to pale yellow at maturity; wall up to 8 mm. thick and spongy, when dry 2–5 mm. thick, smooth, warted or sometimes with protuberances up to 3 mm. long; apex protruding up to 1 cm. when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852705-1 wfo-0000688095 morphology 26A18C68-E59D-48BE-8131-1CB85228D128 Tree up to 10 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583421-1 wfo-0000688095 morphology 26A18C68-E59D-48BE-8131-1CB85228D128 Leafy twigs 2.5–5 mm. thick, puberulous to hirtellous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583421-1 wfo-0000688095 morphology 26A18C68-E59D-48BE-8131-1CB85228D128 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate or subobovate, 12–25 × 4–7(–11) cm., apex acuminate, base acute to rounded, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–8 pairs, tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 1–2.5(–5) cm. long, 2–4 mm. thick, epiderm flaking off when dry; stipules 1.5–3 cm. long, partly connate, sparsely puberulous, ± persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583421-1 wfo-0000688095 morphology 26A18C68-E59D-48BE-8131-1CB85228D128 Figs 1–2 in the leaf axils, subsessile or on peduncles up to 0.4 cm. long; basal bracts 2–3.5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583421-1 wfo-0000688095 morphology 26A18C68-E59D-48BE-8131-1CB85228D128 Receptacle subglobose, 1.3–2.2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–1.5 cm. when dry, with a stipe 4–9 mm. long, sparsely puberulous to almost glabrous, smooth or warted, at maturity greenish or with yellow spots or partly reddish; wall 0.5–1 mm. thick when dry, not spongy; apex almost plane. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:583421-1 wfo-0000690240 morphology 677B4885-23BD-4A55-A973-72AB02D51380 Tree up to 50 m., hemi-epiphytic, secondarily terrestrial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584068-1 wfo-0000690240 morphology 677B4885-23BD-4A55-A973-72AB02D51380 Leafy twigs 3–8 mm. thick, glabrous or minutely puberulous, periderm flaking off older parts when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584068-1 wfo-0000690240 morphology 677B4885-23BD-4A55-A973-72AB02D51380 Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to oblanceolate, obovate or elliptic, 6–20(–28) × 3–8 cm., apex shortly and bluntly acuminate to rounded, base ± acute, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 8–18 pairs, gradually becoming stronger towards the apex; tertiary venation reticulate; petiole 0.5–2.5(–3.5) cm. long, 2–3 mm. thick, epiderm occasionally flaking off; stipules 0.3–2 cm. long, free, glabrous or minutely puberulous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584068-1 wfo-0000690240 morphology 677B4885-23BD-4A55-A973-72AB02D51380 Figs 1–2 in the leaf-axils; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long or figs sessile to subsessile; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584068-1 wfo-0000690240 morphology 677B4885-23BD-4A55-A973-72AB02D51380 Receptacle often shortly stipitate at least when dry, globose to ellipsoid, 3–4.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.2–2(–3) cm. in diameter when dry, ± sparsely minutely puberulous, green at maturity; wall 4–5 mm. thick, not spongy; apex in dry material protruding up to 7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:584068-1 wfo-0000689842 morphology 861735F5-FC5A-4091-A0D7-0DF6B5DFC6BB Tree up to 10 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853468-1 wfo-0000689842 morphology 861735F5-FC5A-4091-A0D7-0DF6B5DFC6BB Leafy twigs 8–10 mm. thick, ± densely white strigose to puberulous, periderm flaking off when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853468-1 wfo-0000689842 morphology 861735F5-FC5A-4091-A0D7-0DF6B5DFC6BB Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, oblong to subovate, sometimes subpandurate, 19–26(–45) × 8–13(–17) cm., apex acuminate, base obtuse to subcordate, sometimes cordate, margin entire; upper surface glabrous, lower surface glabrous or white to brownish hirtellous on the lower part of the midrib; lateral veins 6–8(–9) pairs; tertiary venation ± reticulate; petiole 2.5–8.5 cm. long, ± 4 mm. thick, epiderm flaking off when dry; stipules ± 2 cm. long, free or basally connate, glabrous or sometimes white strigillose, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853468-1 wfo-0000689842 morphology 861735F5-FC5A-4091-A0D7-0DF6B5DFC6BB Figs 1–2 in the leaf-axils, sessile or subsessile; basal bracts ± 5 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853468-1 wfo-0000689842 morphology 861735F5-FC5A-4091-A0D7-0DF6B5DFC6BB Receptacle globose, 2.5–5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 2–3 cm. when dry, rather densely yellowish to white strigillose to hirtellous, ± pronouncedly waited, at maturity greenish with yellowish spots; wall ± 3–5 mm. thick when dry; apex protruding up to 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853468-1 wfo-0000690897 morphology D164BE7E-929A-4F12-8E8A-6CB52497796F Tree or shrub, hemi-epiphytic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853980-1 wfo-0000690897 morphology D164BE7E-929A-4F12-8E8A-6CB52497796F Leafy twigs 10–20 mm. thick, glabrous or brownish puberulous, periderm not flaking off. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853980-1 wfo-0000690897 morphology D164BE7E-929A-4F12-8E8A-6CB52497796F Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous, lanceolate to oblong or subobovate, often ± pandurate, (15–)25-60 × 6–25 cm., apex acuminate to subacute, base acute or sometimes subattenuate and cordulate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 8–14 pairs, tertiary venation partly scalariform; petiole 1.5–8 cm. long, 4–10 mm. thick, epiderm not flaking off; stipules 0.3–1 cm. long, glabrous, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853980-1 wfo-0000690897 morphology D164BE7E-929A-4F12-8E8A-6CB52497796F Figs 1–2 in the leaf-axils, sessile; basal bracts 4–10 mm. long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853980-1 wfo-0000690897 morphology D164BE7E-929A-4F12-8E8A-6CB52497796F Receptacle globose to somewhat depressed-globose, 2.5–4 cm. in diameter when dry, yellow hirtellous to strigillose; wall 1–1.5 mm. thick when dry, wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853980-1 wfo-0000374730 morphology 9848BC34-EF0A-411A-9881-62CD978213E9 Tree up to 10 m. tall or a shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854739-1 wfo-0000374730 morphology 9848BC34-EF0A-411A-9881-62CD978213E9 Lamina ± 30 × 30 to ± 90 × 90 cm., 5–7-fid to -parted down to the petiole; segments sessile or stoutly petiolulate, margin rather irregularly (often coarsely and doubly) crenate- to serrate-dentate or -denticulate; upper surface hirtellous to puberulous on the main veins, lower surface whitish hirtellous on the main veins; petiole (15–) 25–55 cm. long, whitish hirtellous; stipules (1.5–)3–5 cm. long, whitish to pale yellow subsericeous or subhirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854739-1 wfo-0000374730 morphology 9848BC34-EF0A-411A-9881-62CD978213E9 Staminate inflorescences ± 5–30 cm. in diameter; peduncle (7–) 13–21 cm. long; glomerules of flowers spike-like, 2–4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854739-1 wfo-0000374730 morphology 9848BC34-EF0A-411A-9881-62CD978213E9 Pistillate inflorescences 2–3.5 cm., in fruit 6–10(–15) cm. in diameter; peduncle 2–6 cm. long; flowers ± 20–50; apex of the perianth almost flat; endocarp-body ± 1.6 × 0.7 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854739-1 wfo-0000374679 morphology 66BB3FB6-2F81-4314-BA7B-9D7D570EB0C0 Tree up to 20 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854742-1 wfo-0000374679 morphology 66BB3FB6-2F81-4314-BA7B-9D7D570EB0C0 Lamina ± 25 × 25 to 60 × 60 cm., 3–7(–8)-fid or -parted down to the petiole; segments sessile or stoutly petiolulate, margin rather regularly serrate-dentate to subentire; upper surface hirtellous to puberulous on the main veins, lower surface brownish hirtellous to subsericeous on the main veins; petiole 7–35 cm. long, brownish hirtellous to subsericeous; stipules 1.5–4 cm. long, brown to golden-yellow sericeous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854742-1 wfo-0000374679 morphology 66BB3FB6-2F81-4314-BA7B-9D7D570EB0C0 Staminate inflorescences ± 4–15 cm. in diameter; peduncle 3–13.5 cm. long; glomerules of flowers spike-like, 4–6 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854742-1 wfo-0000374679 morphology 66BB3FB6-2F81-4314-BA7B-9D7D570EB0C0 Pistillate inflorescences 1–2 cm., in fruit 5–8 cm. in diameter; peduncle 1–5 cm. long; flowers ± 20–40; apex of the perianth broadly conical; endocarp-body ± 1.2 × 0.8 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854742-1 wfo-0000374679 morphology 66BB3FB6-2F81-4314-BA7B-9D7D570EB0C0 Fig. 22. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854742-1 wfo-0000374684 morphology B694ED7C-27F3-4A6E-B77B-C7073B42C805 Tree up to 15(–25) m. tall or a shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854743-1 wfo-0000374684 morphology B694ED7C-27F3-4A6E-B77B-C7073B42C805 Lamina ± 20 × 20 to 30 × 40 cm., 5–7-parted down to the petiole; segments slenderly petiolulate, margin subentire to serrate-dentate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely appressed puberulous on the main veins; petiole 10–20 cm. long, sparsely appressed puberulous; stipules 0.5–1.5 cm. long, white to grey sericeous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854743-1 wfo-0000374684 morphology B694ED7C-27F3-4A6E-B77B-C7073B42C805 Staminate inflorescences ± 3–10 cm. in diameter; peduncle 4–13 cm. long; glomerules of flowers globose to ellipsoid, ± 3 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854743-1 wfo-0000374684 morphology B694ED7C-27F3-4A6E-B77B-C7073B42C805 Pistillate inflorescences 1.5–2.5 cm., in fruit up to 5 cm. in diameter; peduncle 2–4 cm. long; flowers 8–± 20; apex of the perianth narrowly conical to apiculate; endocarp-body ± 1.5 × 1.3 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854743-1 wfo-0001084635 morphology EAC50DAE-43B1-4FE9-B2B8-A273E820B07D Tree up to 30 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854737-1 wfo-0001084635 morphology EAC50DAE-43B1-4FE9-B2B8-A273E820B07D Lamina up to 40 cm. in diameter, with 8–11 segments; upper surface scabrous, lower surface grey arachnoid-tomentellous in the areoles; petiole 12–35 cm. long; stipules 8–16 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854737-1 wfo-0001084635 morphology EAC50DAE-43B1-4FE9-B2B8-A273E820B07D Staminate inflorescences poorly branched; glomerules 10–25, ± 10 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854737-1 wfo-0001084635 morphology EAC50DAE-43B1-4FE9-B2B8-A273E820B07D Pistillate inflorescences 1.5–2.5(–3 in fruit) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:854737-1 wfo-0000961528 morphology 1F05FD18-E625-4C4C-80D0-A4ACE48EF866 This popular, small shrubby tree, originating from Central America produces vast numbers of seedlings and naturalizes easily. It grows to ± 3 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346143-1 wfo-0000961528 morphology 1F05FD18-E625-4C4C-80D0-A4ACE48EF866 It is prized for its ornamental foliage, its leaves being purplish brown and broadly ovate with long petioles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346143-1 wfo-0000961528 morphology 1F05FD18-E625-4C4C-80D0-A4ACE48EF866 The inflorescences are relatively inconspicuous, produced as small, few-branched cymes consisting of tiny cyathia bearing purplish glands with creamy lobed petaloid appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346143-1 wfo-0000963015 morphology BCC1E023-7B40-4CB4-9A02-0E922F6C4FB4 A densely branching shrub to ± 2m. high, introduced from Central America as an ornamental. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101612-2 wfo-0000963015 morphology BCC1E023-7B40-4CB4-9A02-0E922F6C4FB4 Its small lanceolate leaves ± 3 cm. long are unexceptional. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101612-2 wfo-0000963015 morphology BCC1E023-7B40-4CB4-9A02-0E922F6C4FB4 In flower the branch apices are smothered with clusters of tiny cyathia bearing inconspicuous petaloid glands and subtended by showy creamy-white oblanceolate bracts ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101612-2 wfo-0000962185 morphology 81552D11-6E44-4D80-B6F6-F5864E9545D9 A small shrub with arching branches, and cyathia ± 1 cm. in diameter bearing yellow glands with large bright red petaloid appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346573-1 wfo-0000960606 morphology 7BA757B7-8083-472B-AB78-BB02ED0CAEF6 A densely branched leafless tree to ± 4 m. high, with succulent yellowish-green cylindrical branches ± 1.5 cm. thick and tiny yellow cyathia loosely clustered towards the ends of the branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345541-1 wfo-0000964883 morphology DC64A6D1-7BEC-4ECC-AEEC-77D65F53984A Introduced from Madagascar as an ornamental, this species eventually forms a large shrub or tree to ± 6 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348349-1 wfo-0000964883 morphology DC64A6D1-7BEC-4ECC-AEEC-77D65F53984A Its leafless succulent pale olive-green branches bear alternating spines 1–3 cm. long formed from modified branchlets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348349-1 wfo-0000964883 morphology DC64A6D1-7BEC-4ECC-AEEC-77D65F53984A In flower these terminate in tightly packed clusters of tiny crimson cyathia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348349-1 wfo-0000962463 morphology E0260412-5434-4E7D-AE2F-A7A67266DE35 In his description of a small woody almost leafless shrub, with leaf-scars fasciculated at the thickened apices of the branches, N.E. Brown did not mention that the specimen he used was from a cultivated plant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346749-1 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Annual herb, prostrate to ascending, with branches to 50 cm. long, the whole plant pilose, including the inflorescence and capsule, with minute white adpressed hairs interspersed by yellow spreading segmented hairs ± 1.5 mm. long principally on the branches and especially on younger growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Leaves ovate, 1–4 × 0.5–2 cm., base very obliquely rounded, apex subacute, margin finely toothed, upper surface sometimes almost glabrous, often blotched with purple especially in the region of the midrib; petiole to 3.5 mm. long; stipules linear, rarely laciniate on lush specimens, to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Cyathia in dense capitate, terminal and axillary cymes to 15 mm. in diameter on peduncles to 15(–20) mm. long, occasionally subtended by 1–2 small leafy bracts ± 1 cm. long; cyathial peduncles to 1 mm. long; bracts deltoid, deeply laciniate to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Cyathia ± 0.8 × 0.8 mm. with cup-shaped involucres, usually tinged with purple; glands 4, minute, elliptical, green or purplish, with minute entire white to pink appendages; lobes triangular, fimbriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Male flowers: bracteoles linear, fimbriate; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Female flower: ovary shortly pedicellate; styles 0.4 mm. long, spreading, bifid almost to the base, with thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Capsule just exserted on a pedicel 1 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, with truncate base, 1 × 1.25 mm., pilose with short yellow adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962575 morphology 272F3AA5-D7E7-474C-9AA2-54B51882984F Seeds oblong-conical, 0.8 × 0.4 mm., pinkish brown, with slight transverse wrinkles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101651-2 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Annual herb, spreading or erect with branches to 50(–100) cm. long, the whole plant including the capsule at least when young sparsely pilose, more so on young growth, and often purplish tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Leaves ovate, to 3(–5) × 1.5(–2.5) cm., base obliquely rounded, apex rounded, margin obscurely toothed, upper surface sometimes almost glabrous, glaucous especially the lower surface; petiole to 3 mm. long; stipules broadly triangular, laciniate, to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Cyathia in terminal and axillary capitate cymes to 1.5 cm. in diameter on peduncles to 3 cm. long, subtended by a pair of small leafy bracts; cyathial peduncles to 2 mm. long; bracts linear, to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Cyathia ± 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, rounded, green, with appendages varying in size to 1 mm. in diameter, white; lobes acutely triangular, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Male flowers: bracteoles linear; stamens 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Female flower: ovary shortly pedicellate; styles 0.5 mm. long, suberect, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.5 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Seeds oblong-conical, 1 × 0.75 mm., reddish brown, with obscure transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962709 morphology 23F72980-5787-456A-B88C-BAFFB81796D2 Fig. 77/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346892-1 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Annual herb, semi-prostrate to erect, with branches to 40 cm. long, glabrous except for usually a few scattered hairs on branches, leaves and young growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Leaves lanceolate-ovate, to 2.5 × 1 cm. but usually much smaller, base obliquely rounded, apex rounded, margin minutely toothed; petiole 1 mm. long; stipules broadly triangular, to 0.75 mm. long, fimbriate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Cyathia in terminal and axillary cymes, with peduncles elongating up to 10 mm. within each cyme; bracts enlarging from 1 mm. long to eventually resemble the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Cyathia ± 0.8 × 0.8 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, green tinged red, minute, rounded, with minute creamy appendages; lobes acutely triangular, less than 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Male flowers: bracteoles fimbriate; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Female flower: ovary shortly pedicellate; styles 0.4 mm. long, suberect, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.25 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, with base truncate, 1.5 × 1.5 mm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Seeds oblong-conical, 1 × 0.5 mm., reddish black, with 3 transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962656 morphology 7CDF316C-8F68-48EB-BCFE-FAF532565FA3 Fig. 77/4, 5, p. 416. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101676-2 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Annual semi-prostrate herb, with branches to 25 cm. long, often red tinged, pilose with short curved adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Leaves ovate-oblong, to 25 × 8 mm., base obliquely rounded to subcordate, apex obtuse to rounded, margin entire or very obscurely toothed, glabrous or almost so above, thinly pilose beneath, slightly glaucous, paler beneath; petiole to 2 mm. long, pilose; stipules lanceolate, 1 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Cyathia ± 5 clustered together in terminal and axillary cymes, with peduncles to 1 mm. long; bracts similar to, but much smaller than the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Cyathia ± 1.3 × 1.25 mm., with barrel-shaped pilose involucres; glands 4, minute, circular, red, with minute red appendages; lobes acutely triangular, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Male flowers: bracteoles filamentous; stamens 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.5 mm. long, erect, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pilose pedicel 2 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, with truncate base, 2 × 2.5 mm., densely pilose with very short, curved, adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000962862 morphology 0C7547C7-7D6B-44BC-8E34-75AA40DF40A7 Seeds ovoid, 1.2 mm. × 0.75 mm., pinkish brown, with 3 or 4 obscure transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347003-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Annual herb erect to 45 cm., the whole plant pilose with long spreading white hairs ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Leaves obovate, to 18 × 8 mm., base very obliquely rounded, apex obtuse, margin deeply serrate with teeth 0.5 mm. long; petiole 1 mm. long; stipules free, linear, 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Cyathia clustered in terminal and axillary cymes of 2–5 cyathia, subsessile; bracts similar to but smaller than the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Cyathia 1.5 × 1.25 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glands 4, erect, transversely elliptic, 0.5 mm. wide, red, with minute red 3–5-lobed appendages; involucral lobes acutely triangular, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Male flowers very few (± 5): bracteoles filamentous; stamens 1.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles red, 0.75 mm. long, erect, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Capsule just exserted on a reflexed pedicel 2 mm. long, 3-lobed, with truncate base, 2 mm. long and in diameter, densely pilose with hairs sometimes tinged red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000964009 morphology 8713B4AB-CC80-4A70-B1D6-6FEC9E8BEB32 Seeds oblong-conical, 1.2 × 0.75 mm., pinkish brown, obscurely transversely wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904176-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Sparsely branched annual erect to ± 30 cm. high, the whole plant usually red tinged, pilose, sometimes sparsely so, with short curved hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Leaves lanceolate, to 35 × 5 mm., base obliquely rounded to subcordate, apex acute, margin entire; petiole 1 mm. long; stipules free, linear, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Cyathia clustered 2–4 together in terminal and axillary cymes, with peduncles ± 1 mm. long; bracts similar to but much smaller than the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Cyathia 2 × 1.5 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glands 4, elliptic, ± 0.5 mm. wide, with conspicuous appendages which are cream with a somewhat lobed margin, 2 subcircular ± 1 mm. in diameter, the other 2 obliquely attached, ± 2 × 1.25 mm.; involucral lobes triangular, 0.5 mm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Male flowers: bracteoles lanceolate, pilose; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 1.25–1.5 mm. long, suberect, bifid for 1/3 their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.5 mm. long, 3–lobed, 1.5 × 1.75 mm., densely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000963138 morphology 90B62DDC-144B-49D7-9083-42FB86C73F67 Seeds oblong-conical, 1.1 × 0.6 mm., pinkish brown, with 3–4 distinct transverse ridges and grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347198-1 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Prostrate densely branching annual herb, with branches to 25 cm. long, glabrous on the undersurface, the upper surface densely pilose with fairly long curved adpressed hairs, the whole plant tinged reddish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Leaves ovate, to 8 × 4 mm., base obliquely subcordate, apex obtuse, margin shallowly toothed, upper surface glabrous, the lower surface with long scattered hairs; petiole 0.5 mm. long; stipules free, linear, to 1.25 mm. long, often deeply 2–3-toothed, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Cyathia solitary, subsessile, terminal and pseudoaxillary on congested leafy shoots, ± 0.5 × 0.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, pilose; glands 4, minute, subcircular, red, with often almost invisible red appendages; lobes minute, triangular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Male flowers very few (5 or less): bracteoles reduced to 1 or 2 threads; stamens 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Female flower: ovary subsessile; styles 0.6 mm. long, erect, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Capsule subsessile (pedicel 0.2 mm. long), splitting the involucre during development, 3-lobed, with truncate base, 1 × 1 mm., pilose with short adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000965105 morphology 4FE0DF3E-FFB9-4C3C-A592-AED9BB4E0AAA Seeds conical, sharply 4-angled, 0.6 × 0.4 mm., reddish brown, with shallow transverse ridges and grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:102034-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Annual much-branched herb, prostrate, with branches to 10(–20) cm. long, the whole plant completely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Leaves subcircular, 1–3 mm. in diameter, base obliquely cordate, margin entire; petiole 0.2–0.5 mm. long; stipules united at the swollen nodes, triangular, ± 0.5 × 1 mm., with toothed margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 2 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, ± 0.7 × 0.7 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, transversely elliptic, with small white shallowly lobed petaloid appendages; involucral lobes minute, margin fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Female flower: perianth evident as a 3-lobed rim below the shortly pedicellate ovary; styles 0.2 mm. long, spreading, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 1.8 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, with truncate base, ± 1.5 × 1.8 mm., yellowish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964699 morphology A4ACC47C-B625-409D-911A-D00A5E4F517A Seeds oblong-conical, 1 × 0.6 mm., greyish pink, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101976-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Prostrate much-branched annual herb, with branches to 20 cm. long, glabrous on the underside, pilose above with short curled hairs, the whole plant often tinged purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Leaves ovate, to 8 × 5 mm, base obliquely rounded, apex rounded, margin obscurely toothed, upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely pilose towards the apex; petiole to 1 mm. long; stipules pilose, free on the upper surface of the branch, triangular, 0.5 mm. long, joined on the lower surface to form a broad triangle to 1 mm. long with 2 unequal teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Cyathia solitary on peduncles 1.25 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, 1 × 0.6 mm, with barrel-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, red, with minute white or pink appendages; lobes minute, triangular, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Male flowers few: bracteoles hair-like; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.2 mm. long, spreading, bifid to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Capsule exserted on a reflexed pilose pedicel 1.5 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, with truncate base, 1.25 × 1.25 mm, the base and purple-tinged sutures beset with long spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Seeds oblong-conical, acutely 4-angled, 1 × 0.5 mm, grey-brown, with numerous distinct transverse ridges and grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000964195 morphology 1C966F55-3CFA-47AD-B83F-24686AAE277C Fig. 78/2, p. 422. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101913-2 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Branching prostrate annual herb, with branches to 13 cm. long, usually much less (± 5 cm.), sparsely hairy on the upper surface, glabrous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Leaves obovate, to 8 × 4 mm., base very obliquely rounded, apex rounded, margin distinctly toothed especially round the apex, usually glabrous, occasionally sparsely hairy on both surfaces; petiole to 0.3 mm. long; stipules free, filamentous, 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 0.4 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, 0.8 × 0.8 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, transversely elliptic, with minute deeply 2–3-lobed pink or white appendages; involucral lobes minute, triangular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Male flowers few: bracteoles filamentous; stamens 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.2 mm. long, erect, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 2 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, with truncate base, 1.2 × 1.2 mm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000135943 morphology 729525B4-22FA-4156-9063-ABE6855134C4 Capitula very numerous in copious congested terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula tomentose or glabrous; involucres cylindrical, 5-8 mm long, 2 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, apiculate, darker and tomentose to almost glabrous in centre towards their apex, the inner pale-margined, fimbriate-pectinate, acute to subobtuse, apiculate, 5-6 mm long, all sometimes more or less purple-tinged in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185822-1 wfo-0000135943 morphology 729525B4-22FA-4156-9063-ABE6855134C4 Florets 2-4 per capitulum; corolla 5.5-6.8 mm long, pale lavender-mauve to white, lobes 2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185822-1 wfo-0000135943 morphology 729525B4-22FA-4156-9063-ABE6855134C4 Achenes 2.2-2.5 mm long, obtusely 4-5-angled, apically with shallow obtusely 5-toothed rim; pappus of few caducous bristles 2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185822-1 wfo-0000038373 morphology 672FFBE0-1F35-46CB-9BC9-3F321AA04711 Perennial herb 1-3.6 m tall; stems erect, little-branched, thinly finely crispate-pubescent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185837-1 wfo-0000038373 morphology 672FFBE0-1F35-46CB-9BC9-3F321AA04711 Leaves alternate, subsessile, elliptic to narrowly obovate, 4-26 cm long, 0.5-6 cm wide, base attenuate, margins pectinate-serrate with spinulose teeth to 2 mm long, acuminate to narrowly long-attenuate, very thinly scattered-pubescent above and mainly on the veins beneath, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185837-1 wfo-0000038373 morphology 672FFBE0-1F35-46CB-9BC9-3F321AA04711 Capitula numerous in rather congested terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula crispate-pubescent; bracteoles linear, attenuate, acute, pubescent; involucres ovate-cylindrical to ellipsoid, 7-10 mm long at flowering time, thinly arachnoid-pubescent; phyllaries 4-5-seriate, green tinged darker green or purplish brown at the apex, narrowly ovate, pungent-acuminate to narrowly attenuate, the inner 7-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185837-1 wfo-0000038373 morphology 672FFBE0-1F35-46CB-9BC9-3F321AA04711 Corolla pale purple fading to white, 5.5-8.3 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long, with stiff white hairs beneath just below the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185837-1 wfo-0000038373 morphology 672FFBE0-1F35-46CB-9BC9-3F321AA04711 Achenes narrowly obovoid, 2-2.5 mm long (F.Z. says to 4 mm), 9-10-ribbed, glandular between the ribs, with an undulate denticulate apical cartilaginous crown 0.4 mm long; pappus of few caducous bristles 1-2.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185837-1 wfo-0000038373 morphology 672FFBE0-1F35-46CB-9BC9-3F321AA04711 Fig. 32/4-5, p. 140. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185837-1 wfo-0000134789 morphology 49408E2D-544B-4F50-9CE3-CE10104721A3 Herb 0.6-0.9 m tall, rather slender (possibly annual); stems reddish, with appressed crispate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935011-1 wfo-0000134789 morphology 49408E2D-544B-4F50-9CE3-CE10104721A3 Leaves alternate, sessile, narrowly elliptic, 5-7.5 cm long, 0.3-0.6 cm wide, base attenuate, margins remotely serrate, apex obtuse, silvery green, very shortly strigose above, thinly appressed-crispate beneath, densely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935011-1 wfo-0000134789 morphology 49408E2D-544B-4F50-9CE3-CE10104721A3 Capitula in lax terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender, ascending-strigose; involucre hemispherical, 3-4 mm long and in diameter; phyllaries 3-seriate, ovate to elliptic, acute, pubescent, purplish at the apex, the inner with prominent erose-fimbriate membranous margins, glabrous, purplish at the apex, 4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935011-1 wfo-0000134789 morphology 49408E2D-544B-4F50-9CE3-CE10104721A3 Florets shortly exserted; corolla violet-blue, 4.5 mm long, lobes 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935011-1 wfo-0000134789 morphology 49408E2D-544B-4F50-9CE3-CE10104721A3 Achenes 1.4 mm long, with 5 broadly rounded ribs, crowned by slight distal rim surrounding a depression with the persistent style base; pappus 0. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935011-1 wfo-0000133724 morphology 66011EE5-BA8C-45AB-A278-4E044166C33A Annual herb 15-45 cm tall, slender and unbranched except for the inflorescence; stems erect, spongy, reddish proximally, sparsely shortly ascending-strigose, sparsely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935012-1 wfo-0000133724 morphology 66011EE5-BA8C-45AB-A278-4E044166C33A Leaves alternate, sessile, olive green, slightly fleshy, linear, 1-4.5 cm long, 1-3 mm wide, obtuse, shortly ascending-strigose on margins and mid-rib beneath, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935012-1 wfo-0000133724 morphology 66011EE5-BA8C-45AB-A278-4E044166C33A Capitula in lax diffuse terminal and upper axillary cymes, the branches filiform; stalks of individual capitula very slender, to 3 cm long, spreading, shortly ascending-strigose; involucres 2-3 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly ovate, shortly ascending-strigose, glandular, reddish purple in upper part, the inner acute, membranous-margined, 2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935012-1 wfo-0000133724 morphology 66011EE5-BA8C-45AB-A278-4E044166C33A Florets long-exserted; corolla deep lavender, 3 mm long, lobes 1.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935012-1 wfo-0000133724 morphology 66011EE5-BA8C-45AB-A278-4E044166C33A Achene (immature) 0.6 mm long; pappus 0. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935012-1 wfo-0000103577 morphology 70053E39-F488-4217-AF13-23B53235D4FB Scrambling shrub 1.2-9 m high, deciduous, lax, usually ± scandent; stems at first white-tomentose, glabrescent; sometimes flowering before the leaves develop. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943520-1 wfo-0000103577 morphology 70053E39-F488-4217-AF13-23B53235D4FB Leaves subcoriaceous, (broadly) elliptic or ovate, 2-12 cm long, 1-5(-10) cm wide, base cuneate to subtruncate and decurrent, margins entire or remotely ± dentate, apex acuminate, apiculate, glandular on both surfaces, green and glabrescent or glabrous above, paler and finely pubescent (especially along the veins) but glabrescent beneath, strongly 3-veined from near the base; petiole 0.5-2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943520-1 wfo-0000103577 morphology 70053E39-F488-4217-AF13-23B53235D4FB Capitula numerous in dense terminal compound corymbose cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely white-tomentose; involucre obconic to subcylindric, 3-7 mm long; phyllaries 5-6-seriate, lanceolate to ovate, 1.5-6.8 mm long, the outermost shortest, acuminate-apiculate, pale green, tomentose on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943520-1 wfo-0000103577 morphology 70053E39-F488-4217-AF13-23B53235D4FB Flowers sweet-scented; florets up to 30 per capitulum; corolla golden yellow to orange-red, 7-10.2 mm long, lobes 1.7-2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943520-1 wfo-0000103577 morphology 70053E39-F488-4217-AF13-23B53235D4FB Achenes obscurely ribbed, 2-3.3 mm long, ascending-pubescent, glandular; outer pappus of very narrow scales, 0.3-1.5 mm long, inner pappus pale stramineous or tawny, 5-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943520-1 wfo-0000103577 morphology 70053E39-F488-4217-AF13-23B53235D4FB Fig. 35. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:943520-1 wfo-0000129155 morphology CFF88828-E3D3-4A21-8262-8BD372D8E108 Shrub to 2 m; stems and branches brittle, thinly pubescent on very young shoots only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969599-1 wfo-0000129155 morphology CFF88828-E3D3-4A21-8262-8BD372D8E108 Leaves slightly fleshy, ovate to elliptic, 2.5-5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire, apex rounded or apiculate, thinly pubescent on veins but soon glabrous, 3-nerved from base; petiole to 1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969599-1 wfo-0000129155 morphology CFF88828-E3D3-4A21-8262-8BD372D8E108 Capitula solitary or in few-headed terminal cymes, sessile or stalked; involucre 12-15 mm long; phyllaries light green with purplish or brownish apex, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1-10 mm long, 0.6-1.5 mm wide, acute, glabrous or thinly floccose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969599-1 wfo-0000129155 morphology CFF88828-E3D3-4A21-8262-8BD372D8E108 Flowers 5-20 per capitulum, bright orange to yellow; tube 7-8 mm long, lobes 3-3.3 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969599-1 wfo-0000129155 morphology CFF88828-E3D3-4A21-8262-8BD372D8E108 Achenes light brown, slightly obconical, ± 2 mm long, strigose in upper part; pappus uniseriate, of 17-20 pale plumose setae 5.5-7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:969599-1 wfo-0000072744 morphology 59E54C77-5178-420B-AB6D-61CFB79ECAFF Shrub or small tree 0.5-10 m tall, much-branched, spreading, coppice-growing, trunk up to 40 cm in diameter; bark grey or brown, smooth, becoming longitudinally fissured; slash green, becoming black on exposure; stems pubescent with asymmetrical T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257798-1 wfo-0000072744 morphology 59E54C77-5178-420B-AB6D-61CFB79ECAFF Leaves petiolate, elliptic, lanceolate or (broadly) ovate, 4-15(-28) cm long, 1.2-4(-15) cm wide, base cuneate or rounded, margins minutely remotely denticulate to coarsely serrate, apex shortly acuminate, apiculate, rather thinly pubescent and glabrescent except for the midrib above, finely crispate-pubescent especially on the veins and often ± glabrescent beneath; petiole 0.2-4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257798-1 wfo-0000072744 morphology 59E54C77-5178-420B-AB6D-61CFB79ECAFF Capitula several to numerous in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 3-12 mm long, pubescent; involucre cylindrical, ovoid-cylindrical or broadly ellipsoid, 3-5 mm long; phyllaries 3-7-seriate, appressed, broadly ovate to lanceolate, 1-4.4 mm long, obtuse to rounded, apiculate, pale green, slightly darker near the apex, finely white-ciliate on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257798-1 wfo-0000072744 morphology 59E54C77-5178-420B-AB6D-61CFB79ECAFF Florets 10-24 per capitulum, sweetly scented, strongly exserted; corolla white, occasionally tinged pale lilac, mauve or pink, 5.3-8.2 mm long, lobes erect, connivent, glabrous, 2-3 mm long, with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257798-1 wfo-0000072744 morphology 59E54C77-5178-420B-AB6D-61CFB79ECAFF Achenes 1.7-3.5 mm long, 10-ribbed, thinly pubescent and usually glandular; outer pappus of linear scales, often scant, caducous, 0.2-1.3 mm long, inner of cream or brownish bristles 4-7 mm long, distally flattened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257798-1 wfo-0000072744 morphology 59E54C77-5178-420B-AB6D-61CFB79ECAFF Fig. 40. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257798-1 wfo-0000038576 morphology 48CD1216-84FE-4C5A-8C75-12391201CE0F Shrub or small tree 2-6 m tall; bark dark grey, rough, longitudinally fissured or corrugated; stems densely tomentose with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258334-1 wfo-0000038576 morphology 48CD1216-84FE-4C5A-8C75-12391201CE0F Leaves petiolate, elliptic to ovate, 6.5-23 cm long, 2.6-9 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins entire or minutely sinuate-denticulate, apex obscurely acuminate, apiculate, dark green and glossy, glabrous except for midrib above, white- or grey-tomentellous or less often -pubescent beneath; petiole 1.3-4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258334-1 wfo-0000038576 morphology 48CD1216-84FE-4C5A-8C75-12391201CE0F Capitula numerous in dense terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 3-15 mm, densely pubescent; involucre 4.5-6(-14?) mm long, cylindrical in the north, ovoid in the south; phyllaries 5-6-seriate, erect, appressed, green or grey, glossy, the outer shortest, broadly ovate to elliptic, obtuse to rounded, obscurely apiculate, the innermost 4.3-5.6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258334-1 wfo-0000038576 morphology 48CD1216-84FE-4C5A-8C75-12391201CE0F Florets 4-20 per capitulum; corolla white, 5.5-8.5 mm long, lobes glabrous, 2.2-3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258334-1 wfo-0000038576 morphology 48CD1216-84FE-4C5A-8C75-12391201CE0F Achenes 3-5 mm long, obscurely 5-7-ribbed, glabrous, glandular between the ribs; outer pappus of oblong to linear laciniate scales 0.5-1.5 mm long, inner pappus whitish or pale yellow, 5-9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258334-1 wfo-0000125335 morphology 4B166AC5-8CE4-4F77-AE8D-A5FA629CCAC7 Shrub 1.8-2.4 m tall (in the F.Z. area occasionally a small tree to 4 m); bark grey, flaking in small pieces; stems densely tomentose with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257935-1 wfo-0000125335 morphology 4B166AC5-8CE4-4F77-AE8D-A5FA629CCAC7 Leaves petiolate, elliptic, 1-6.6 cm long, 0.8-3.7 cm wide, base cuneate, margins minutely denticulate, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, green and glabrous above, silvery with dense tomentum beneath; petiole 2-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257935-1 wfo-0000125335 morphology 4B166AC5-8CE4-4F77-AE8D-A5FA629CCAC7 Capitula in small terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre subcylindric, 6-10 mm long; phyllaries 6-seriate, broadly ovate to oblong, 6.5-10 mm long, the inner slightly expanded, obtuse to rounded, obscurely apiculate, pale green, hairy at apex, the inner scarious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257935-1 wfo-0000125335 morphology 4B166AC5-8CE4-4F77-AE8D-A5FA629CCAC7 Florets 4-12 per capitulum; corolla white tinged mauve, 8-9 mm long, lobes 2.5-2.7 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257935-1 wfo-0000125335 morphology 4B166AC5-8CE4-4F77-AE8D-A5FA629CCAC7 Achenes 3-4.5 mm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous; outer pappus linear to lanceolate, 0.7-1.8 mm long, inner pappus white or pale yellow, 5-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257935-1 wfo-0000125335 morphology 4B166AC5-8CE4-4F77-AE8D-A5FA629CCAC7 Fig. 38/2 (involucre), p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257935-1 wfo-0000079815 morphology 0E93A2E0-21F2-49BC-B2C7-1A8605242B04 Woody herb or shrub 0.4-4.5 m tall, sometimes scandent; branches spreading, somewhat pendulous; stems densely tomentose with brownish shaggy simple hairs, when older with brown or grey lenticellular bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258525-1 wfo-0000079815 morphology 0E93A2E0-21F2-49BC-B2C7-1A8605242B04 Leaves petiolate, elliptic or ovate, 4.5-20 cm long, 2.4-13.5 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins ± coarsely sinuate-serrate with apiculate teeth, apex acuminate to attenuate, thinly shortly pubescent or scabridulous above, ± white- or grey-tomentose beneath; petiole 0.8-2.8 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258525-1 wfo-0000079815 morphology 0E93A2E0-21F2-49BC-B2C7-1A8605242B04 Capitula in rather dense somewhat scorpioid terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely tomentose; involucre campanulate, 6-10 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, spreading, green, darker towards the midrib in upper part, (narrowly) ovate, 5.5-9.5 mm long, acuminate or attenuate-pungent, tomentose with white or pale brown hairs at least in the lower part in the outer, the inner glabrous and often tinged purple or pink in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258525-1 wfo-0000079815 morphology 0E93A2E0-21F2-49BC-B2C7-1A8605242B04 Corolla white or pale mauve, 6.5-9.5 mm long, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long, glabrous, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258525-1 wfo-0000079815 morphology 0E93A2E0-21F2-49BC-B2C7-1A8605242B04 Achenes 3-3.5 mm long, strongly 10-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of broadly lanceolate laciniate scales 0.5-1.2 mm long, inner pappus slightly tawny, 5.5-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258525-1 wfo-0000119700 morphology 9001A074-5CBA-4978-814D-090B1FD7AEAC Shrub or climber 1-3 m tall; stems weak, somewhat trailing, when young densely pubescent with appressed-ascending simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934988-1 wfo-0000119700 morphology 9001A074-5CBA-4978-814D-090B1FD7AEAC Leaves petiolate, elliptic, obovate or ovate, 2.6-9.3 cm long, 1-3.8 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins crenate-denticulate with apiculate teeth at least distally, apex shortly obtusely to acutely acuminate, apiculate, thinly shortly pubescent above, more strongly so on veins beneath, or ± glabrescent except on veins beneath; petiole 0.4-1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934988-1 wfo-0000119700 morphology 9001A074-5CBA-4978-814D-090B1FD7AEAC Capitula in small terminal and lateral corymbiform cymes, 7-14 mm long; involucre 5-10 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, ovate, obtuse and apiculate, finely pubescent on margins, the inner 4.2-7.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934988-1 wfo-0000119700 morphology 9001A074-5CBA-4978-814D-090B1FD7AEAC Corolla white or purple (?mauve), 5-8 mm long, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934988-1 wfo-0000119700 morphology 9001A074-5CBA-4978-814D-090B1FD7AEAC Achenes 3.2 mm long, narrowly 10-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of lanceolate scales 1-1.2 mm long, inner pappus tawny, 4.8-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934988-1 wfo-0000043753 morphology D24BA254-795D-4303-A091-4B66D04744C8 Weak-stemmed shrub, sometimes scrambling, 1.8-3.6 m tall; stems pubescent with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934989-1 wfo-0000043753 morphology D24BA254-795D-4303-A091-4B66D04744C8 Leaves petiolate, elliptic, 12-17 cm long, 3-6.5 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins serrate, apex shortly acuminate-attenuate, apiculate, shortly scattered-pubescent above and beneath, especially on veins; petiole 0.9-2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934989-1 wfo-0000043753 morphology D24BA254-795D-4303-A091-4B66D04744C8 Capitula in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre 5-7 mm long; phyllaries in several series, ovate or broadly ovate, acute and apiculate, pubescent, the inner narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 5.5-6.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934989-1 wfo-0000043753 morphology D24BA254-795D-4303-A091-4B66D04744C8 Corolla white or cream, 5.5-6.5 mm long, lobes 2 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934989-1 wfo-0000043753 morphology D24BA254-795D-4303-A091-4B66D04744C8 Achenes 2.5-3 mm long, 10-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus 0.5-0.6 mm long, inner pappus stramineous, 5-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934989-1 wfo-0000082685 morphology 1CA58BA1-87D9-4427-B4C8-A0E44D91B51A Shrubby plant 1.5 m tall; stems shortly pubescent with appressed-ascending simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934990-1 wfo-0000082685 morphology 1CA58BA1-87D9-4427-B4C8-A0E44D91B51A Leaves sessile, oblanceolate-elliptic, 12 cm long, 3 cm wide, cuneate into short petioloid base, margins finely serrate, apex acuminate, apiculate, rather coriaceous, subglabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934990-1 wfo-0000082685 morphology 1CA58BA1-87D9-4427-B4C8-A0E44D91B51A Capitula numerous in compound terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre 6-6.5 mm long, 5-flowered; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, ovate, the inner narrowly (ob-)ovate, 5.7-6.3 mm long, acuminate-apiculate, ciliate on margins in upper part, the apices of outer and median recurving. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934990-1 wfo-0000082685 morphology 1CA58BA1-87D9-4427-B4C8-A0E44D91B51A Mature florets unknown; corolla lobes with short stiff hairs along their lengths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934990-1 wfo-0000082685 morphology 1CA58BA1-87D9-4427-B4C8-A0E44D91B51A Achenes (immature) 10-ribbed, pubescent; pappus (immature) tawny, 5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934990-1 wfo-0000129582 morphology A2D78476-D701-42F8-9605-AA41F5AFE512 Perennial herb or weak shrub 0.9-2.5 m tall; stems shortly crispate-pubescent with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259163-1 wfo-0000129582 morphology A2D78476-D701-42F8-9605-AA41F5AFE512 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate or elliptic, 7.5-25 cm long, 1.8-8.5 cm wide, base attenuate into a winged petiole, margins minutely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate or acuminate-attenuate, apiculate, scattered-pubescent to almost glabrous above, thinly crispate-pubescent on veins beneath and gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259163-1 wfo-0000129582 morphology A2D78476-D701-42F8-9605-AA41F5AFE512 Capitula in terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 1-15 mm, filiform; involucre 6-11 mm long; phyllaries 5-seriate, pale green with darker tips, ovate to oblong, rounded or obtuse, minutely apiculate, thinly floccose or arachnoid at least when young, the inner (3.5-)5-7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259163-1 wfo-0000129582 morphology A2D78476-D701-42F8-9605-AA41F5AFE512 Corolla white, sometimes tinged pale mauve or pink, 6.5-9 mm long, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259163-1 wfo-0000129582 morphology A2D78476-D701-42F8-9605-AA41F5AFE512 Achenes 2 mm long, 5-8-ribbed, glabrous or almost so; outer pappus scant, 0.2-0.4 mm long, inner pappus white, 4-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259163-1 wfo-0000120917 morphology 50A4C879-B492-42E7-9E75-E84DB15A0DCA Scandent shrub 2-8 m tall; branches arching, becoming pendulous; stems when young crispate-pubescent with simple or asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259603-1 wfo-0000120917 morphology 50A4C879-B492-42E7-9E75-E84DB15A0DCA Leaves sessile, elliptic to lanceolate, 5-12 cm long, 1.5-3.2 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate and petioloid, margins entire or slightly dentate, apex acuminate or acuminate-attenuate, apiculate, scabrid and ± glabrescent above, thinly crispate-pubescent on veins and glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259603-1 wfo-0000120917 morphology 50A4C879-B492-42E7-9E75-E84DB15A0DCA Capitula numerous in large rounded terminal corymbiform paniculoid compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula 2-10 mm long, pubescent; involucre ovoid, green, 6-9 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, thinly brownish-arachnoid and glandular at least when young, median and inner sometimes purple-tinged towards the apex, ovate, obtuse to rounded, apiculate, the inner 6.2-7.6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259603-1 wfo-0000120917 morphology 50A4C879-B492-42E7-9E75-E84DB15A0DCA Corolla white or creamy, sometimes tinged pale mauve, 6.2-9 mm long, lobes 2-3.2 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259603-1 wfo-0000120917 morphology 50A4C879-B492-42E7-9E75-E84DB15A0DCA Achenes 3.3-3.5 mm long, strongly 10-ribbed, glabrous; outer pappus setose, inner pappus whitish or pale stramineous, 7.3-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259603-1 wfo-0000092275 morphology 377F2A22-E8EC-42A3-8824-127BE71DA2B9 Small liana (size not indicated, “climbing over bushes and small trees”); stems pubescent with T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258937-1 wfo-0000092275 morphology 377F2A22-E8EC-42A3-8824-127BE71DA2B9 Leaves petiolate, elliptic or slightly obovate, 3.3-10.5 cm long, 1.2-3.6 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire to coarsely serrate with few apiculate teeth, apex obtuse, minutely apiculate or obscurely acuminate, dark green, smooth, thinly shortly pubescent above and beneath; petiole 0.6-1.4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258937-1 wfo-0000092275 morphology 377F2A22-E8EC-42A3-8824-127BE71DA2B9 Capitula in terminal and axillary rather dense corymbiform cymes; involucre ± cylindrical, 7-10 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, appressed or in fruit slightly spreading, sometimes purple-tinged, ovate or broadly ovate, rounded, shortly apiculate, the inner 6-7.6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258937-1 wfo-0000092275 morphology 377F2A22-E8EC-42A3-8824-127BE71DA2B9 Corolla white, 7-7.5 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long, with a few slender apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258937-1 wfo-0000092275 morphology 377F2A22-E8EC-42A3-8824-127BE71DA2B9 Achenes 4.5-5.3 mm long, acutely 6-8-ribbed, glabrous; outer pappus scant, 0.7 mm long, inner pappus white, 8.5-9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258937-1 wfo-0000017430 morphology 45B16CB9-0FEE-4A87-B73C-DEA523807401 Woody herb or shrub, sometimes scandent, 1-4 m tall; young stems green with rusty tomentum of simple hairs, older stems with brown bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259695-1 wfo-0000017430 morphology 45B16CB9-0FEE-4A87-B73C-DEA523807401 Leaves petiolate, (broadly) ovate to obovate, 3-12.5 cm long, 0.5-6.5 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded or subtruncate, margins obscurely to coarsely sinuate-serrate, apex acuminate, apiculate, rugose and thinly pubescent or hispid above, pale tomentose beneath; petiole 0.5-2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259695-1 wfo-0000017430 morphology 45B16CB9-0FEE-4A87-B73C-DEA523807401 Capitula usually numerous in copious terminal corymbiform or paniculoid cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely spreading-pubescent; involucre obconical, 5-9 mm long; phyllaries in several series, slightly spreading, pale green, lanceolate, acute to acuminate, the outer shortly pubescent with spreading or ascending hairs, inner glabrous except sometimes at the apex, 4.2-7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259695-1 wfo-0000017430 morphology 45B16CB9-0FEE-4A87-B73C-DEA523807401 Corolla white, rarely tinged mauve or purple, 5-7 mm long, lobes 1.5-2 mm long, with a subapical cluster of long ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259695-1 wfo-0000017430 morphology 45B16CB9-0FEE-4A87-B73C-DEA523807401 Achenes 2.3-3.7 mm long, 4-8-ribbed, shortly sparsely ascending-pubescent to glabrous; outer pappus unequal, of narrow laciniate scales 0.3-1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 5-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259695-1 wfo-0000019963 morphology 96A3B60F-148D-4DD4-8AE5-182EA30C1116 Woody herb or shrub, prostrate, scrambling or scandent, 0.2-4 m tall, much-branched; stems densely shortly ascending-pubescent with simple hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258510-1 wfo-0000019963 morphology 96A3B60F-148D-4DD4-8AE5-182EA30C1116 Leaves shortly petiolate or rarely sessile, ovate, (broadly) elliptic or obovate, 1.8-7 cm long, 0.8-4 cm wide, base broadly cuneate to attenuate, often decurrent to a ± truncate or almost auriculate base and then often still with a petiole, margins crenate-serrate, apex obtuse to acute, green, finely scattered-pubescent becoming somewhat scabrid above, pale tomentose or tomentellous beneath, glandular; petiole up to 0.7 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258510-1 wfo-0000019963 morphology 96A3B60F-148D-4DD4-8AE5-182EA30C1116 Capitula in rather lax copious terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre conical to narrowly cylindrical, 3-6 mm long; phyllaries in several series, slightly spreading, green, upper margins often mauve-tinged, ovate, obtuse to rounded, apiculate, outer and median sparsely hairy, inner almost glabrous and 3.2-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258510-1 wfo-0000019963 morphology 96A3B60F-148D-4DD4-8AE5-182EA30C1116 Corolla white, pale mauve or pale lilac, 4-6.6 mm long, lobes 1.2-2.3 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258510-1 wfo-0000019963 morphology 96A3B60F-148D-4DD4-8AE5-182EA30C1116 Achenes 1.8-2.5 mm long, obtusely 5-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales 0.4-1 mm long, inner pappus white or tawny, 4-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258510-1 wfo-0000038297 morphology C4107291-AF6E-40C5-815A-DD649965ED7F Shrub, climber or small tree (?) 1.5-6 m tall; stems shortly pubescent with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934991-1 wfo-0000038297 morphology C4107291-AF6E-40C5-815A-DD649965ED7F Leaves petiolate, ovate to elliptic, 5.2-11.5 cm long, 3-5 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, remotely sinuate-denticulate, shortly acuminate, apiculate, thinly pubescent; petiole 0.5-1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934991-1 wfo-0000038297 morphology C4107291-AF6E-40C5-815A-DD649965ED7F Capitula in rather copious terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent; involucre cylindrical, 8-10 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, oblong, the outer shortly pubescent, darker towards the apex, acute to apiculate, the inner obtuse to rounded, purple-tinged, glabrous except at apex, 6.5-8.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934991-1 wfo-0000038297 morphology C4107291-AF6E-40C5-815A-DD649965ED7F Corolla dark lilac or mauve, 8.7-9.5 mm long, lobes 2.5-2.7 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934991-1 wfo-0000038297 morphology C4107291-AF6E-40C5-815A-DD649965ED7F Achenes 3.3 mm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous; outer pappus of lanceolate scales, 0.8-1.3 mm long, inner pappus white, 6.5-7.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934991-1 wfo-0000001034 morphology C4C46BD7-5254-4DC6-B274-BBBFED351170 Shrub, less often a woody herb, erect or scandent, 1-4 m tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259605-1 wfo-0000001034 morphology C4C46BD7-5254-4DC6-B274-BBBFED351170 Leaves bullate (always?), shortly petiolate or subsessile, elliptic, obovate or ovate, slightly pandurate, 5-11.5 cm long, 0.8-4 cm wide, base cuneate, sometimes somewhat expanded just above and then abruptly contracted to the rounded or subtruncate to subcordate base, margins crenate or sinuate-serrate, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, dark green and shortly hispid above, softly shortly crispate-pubescent beneath; petiole up to 0.6 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259605-1 wfo-0000001034 morphology C4C46BD7-5254-4DC6-B274-BBBFED351170 Capitula in spreading terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely crispate-pubescent; involucre appressed to spreading, 6-9 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, outer and median pubescent, inner pubescent only at the apex and darker towards the midrib and purplish-tinged in upper part, lanceolate, obtuse, acute or attenuate, apiculate, 4.5-6.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259605-1 wfo-0000001034 morphology C4C46BD7-5254-4DC6-B274-BBBFED351170 Corolla pale mauve to purple, 7-9 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long, glabrous or with a few fine long ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259605-1 wfo-0000001034 morphology C4C46BD7-5254-4DC6-B274-BBBFED351170 Achenes 2.5-3 mm long, 4-6-ribbed, glabrous or sparsely ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow lanceolate or oblong scales 1-1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 4.5-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259605-1 wfo-0000014001 morphology 42F73A02-18BF-42A1-B2E3-BC6B35433938 Shrub or scandent shrub 1-9 m tall; stems purplish, shortly pubescent with simple appressed ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257782-1 wfo-0000014001 morphology 42F73A02-18BF-42A1-B2E3-BC6B35433938 Leaves shortly petiolate, ovate or elliptic, slightly pandurate, 5-11.5 cm long, 1.5-4 cm wide, base cuneate, cordate, retuse or truncate, margins sinuate-serrate, apex acuminate or somewhat attenuate, apiculate, very shortly scattered-pubescent and glabrescent above, shortly pubescent on veins beneath; petiole 0.4-0.8 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257782-1 wfo-0000014001 morphology 42F73A02-18BF-42A1-B2E3-BC6B35433938 Capitula in rather terminal compound corymbiform cymes; pedicel with dense ascending-crispate hairs; involucre campanulate, slightly spreading, 7-10 mm long; phyllaries in several series, outer lanceolate, long-attenuate, subequalling the median, ascending-pubescent, the inner obtuse to acute, ± apiculate, glabrous except near apex, purple-tinged in upper part, 6.8-9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257782-1 wfo-0000014001 morphology 42F73A02-18BF-42A1-B2E3-BC6B35433938 Corolla pink, mauve, lilac or blue, 8.5-10 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long, glabrous or with a few long ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257782-1 wfo-0000014001 morphology 42F73A02-18BF-42A1-B2E3-BC6B35433938 Achenes (immature) 2.7-3.2 mm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous or almost so; outer pappus 0.6-1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 5.5-6.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257782-1 wfo-0000124067 morphology 66A34AAB-0978-40BC-90CA-C54EA7E1DF76 Woody herb or weak shrub 0.8-2 m tall; stems dull brown with pale lenticels, densely ascending-pubescent with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259459-1 wfo-0000124067 morphology 66A34AAB-0978-40BC-90CA-C54EA7E1DF76 Leaves sessile or subsessile, elliptic and slightly pandurate, 4.5-15.5 cm long, 1.2-6 cm wide, narrowed towards a truncate or cordate base, margins shallowly sinuate-serrate, ± acuminate, apiculate, scattered-hispid and glabrescent above, thinly finely pubescent and ± glabrescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259459-1 wfo-0000124067 morphology 66A34AAB-0978-40BC-90CA-C54EA7E1DF76 Capitula in terminal somewhat scorpioid compound corymbiform cymes; involucre ovoid with recurving upper phyllaries, 7-13 mm long; phyllaries green, tinged dark purple in upper part, lanceolate, acuminate-pungent, recurving, 8.2-10 mm long; the upper part of outer and median phyllaries appendage-like, ovate, spreading or recurving, purplish or green, 3.5-5.5 mm long, 0.4-1.2 mm wide, 3.8-11 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259459-1 wfo-0000124067 morphology 66A34AAB-0978-40BC-90CA-C54EA7E1DF76 Corolla white or cream, 7-10 mm long, lobes 1.7-2 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259459-1 wfo-0000124067 morphology 66A34AAB-0978-40BC-90CA-C54EA7E1DF76 Achenes (immature) 2.4-3.3 mm long, 4-5-ribbed, glabrous except for a few ascending hairs on ribs; outer pappus 1-1.2 mm long, inner pappus tawny, 5-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259459-1 wfo-0000007460 morphology F28529A0-5BB8-4091-8F26-5BF3A8D9F6BA Weak-stemmed shrub 1.8-3 m tall; stems shortly pubescent with simple or incipiently asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258360-1 wfo-0000007460 morphology F28529A0-5BB8-4091-8F26-5BF3A8D9F6BA Leaves sessile, elliptic, often somewhat panduriform, 3-11 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, base amplexicaul and often somewhat auriculate, margins obscurely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate, apiculate, dark green, rather densely hispidulous and glabrescent above, densely to thinly pubescent or hispid beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258360-1 wfo-0000007460 morphology F28529A0-5BB8-4091-8F26-5BF3A8D9F6BA Capitula few in lax scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent; involucre 12-16 mm long, the outer phyllaries spreading to recurved; phyllaries in several series, lanceolate, 13-16.5 mm long, acute to pungent, erect, the upper part of outer and median phyllaries appendage-like, lanceolate, 4-8 mm long, 1-1.2 mm wide, 4-8 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258360-1 wfo-0000007460 morphology F28529A0-5BB8-4091-8F26-5BF3A8D9F6BA Corolla mauve or pale blue, 10.5-13.5 mm long, lobes 2.5-3 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258360-1 wfo-0000007460 morphology F28529A0-5BB8-4091-8F26-5BF3A8D9F6BA Achenes 3.2-4 mm long, 4-ribbed, glabrous; outer pappus of lanceolate scales, 1.3-2.2 mm long, inner pappus straw-coloured, 7-9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258360-1 wfo-0000072251 morphology 144C99A5-1D51-4D75-9256-EF08A241FC02 Scandent or straggling softly-woody shrub 0.7-6 m tall; stems brittle, shortly pubescent with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257947-1 wfo-0000072251 morphology 144C99A5-1D51-4D75-9256-EF08A241FC02 Leaves petiolate, (broadly) ovate, 1.3-7 cm long, 0.8-5 cm wide, base cuneate, rounded or subtruncate, margins entire to coarsely sinuate-serrate or paucidentate, apex obtusely acuminate or acuminate-attenuate, apiculate, sparsely pubescent and glabrescent above, shortly finely pubescent beneath; petiole 0.2-2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257947-1 wfo-0000072251 morphology 144C99A5-1D51-4D75-9256-EF08A241FC02 Capitula in copious divaricate terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes, stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent; involucre campanulate to cylindrical, 5-9 mm long; phyllaries 3-5-seriate, pallid with darker midrib, purple-tinged especially in upper part, on margins and on mid-line, at least the outer thinly pubescent, ovate, obtuse to acute, sometimes apiculate, ciliate on margins (rarely completely glabrous), glandular, inner obtuse to rounded, sometimes apiculate or acuminate, almost glabrous, 3.6-7.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257947-1 wfo-0000072251 morphology 144C99A5-1D51-4D75-9256-EF08A241FC02 Florets 8-10 per capitulum; corolla pale mauve or purplish, rarely white, 5-8.5 mm long, lobes glabrous, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257947-1 wfo-0000072251 morphology 144C99A5-1D51-4D75-9256-EF08A241FC02 Achenes 2-3.6 mm long, sharply 5-7-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent or sparsely so to glabrous; outer pappus of oblong narrow laciniate scales, 0.4-1 mm long, inner pappus white, 4.2-7.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257947-1 wfo-0000040021 morphology B3323901-B72D-4290-AAA4-60789860D112 Often ± scrambling or scandent woody herb or weak shrub 0.8-4.5 m tall; stems tinged purplish, finely crispate-pubescent with asymmetrically and symmetrically T-shaped hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259499-1 wfo-0000040021 morphology B3323901-B72D-4290-AAA4-60789860D112 Leaves petiolate, ovate, 4-13 cm long, 2-7.5 cm wide, base rounded, truncate or cordate and sometimes narrowly decurrent on the petiole, margins sinuate-serrate or denticulate with apiculate teeth, apex acuminate, apiculate, shortly finely thinly pubescent and glabrescent above, rather thickly tomentose to thinly finely pubescent beneath; petioles 0.7-4.2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259499-1 wfo-0000040021 morphology B3323901-B72D-4290-AAA4-60789860D112 Capitula in copious terminal spreading sometimes scorpioid compound corymbiform cymes several cm across; stalks of individual capitula 1-10(-40) mm long, densely crispate-pubescent; involucre obconic to campanulate, 4-8 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, green, often purplish-tipped, thinly pubescent, ± glabrescent, narrowly to broadly ovate, acute or attenuate, the inner obtuse to acute, 4.3-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259499-1 wfo-0000040021 morphology B3323901-B72D-4290-AAA4-60789860D112 Florets 15-20 per capitulum; corolla pale to deep mauve or lilac, rarely white or pink, 6-8.5 mm long, strongly exserted, the outer often recurving, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long, glabrous or with a few slender subapical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259499-1 wfo-0000040021 morphology B3323901-B72D-4290-AAA4-60789860D112 Achenes 2.3-3 mm long, strongly 3-6-ribbed, glabrous, glandular; outer pappus of narrow lanceolate laciniate scales, 0.3-0.8 mm long, inner pappus white, 4.5-7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259499-1 wfo-0000040021 morphology B3323901-B72D-4290-AAA4-60789860D112 Fig. 38/3 (involucre), p. 168; fig. 39/2 (achene), p. 172. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259499-1 wfo-0000068441 morphology AA69B824-E38C-4FF1-BED5-B5F3ED6374D4 Suberect or scandent shrub 1.8-4 m tall; stems pubescent with asymmetrical purplish T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259478-1 wfo-0000068441 morphology AA69B824-E38C-4FF1-BED5-B5F3ED6374D4 Leaves petiolate, ovate, 8.5-13 cm long, 4.5-10.5 cm wide, base cordate or truncate and narrowly decurrent on the petiole, margins sinuate-serrate, apex acute to acuminate, pubescent above, finely tomentose and glandular beneath; petiole 4-7 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259478-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Corolla sparsely strigulose outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Stamens 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Style ± 1 mm. long, bent upwards near the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Fruit reflexed, straight or slightly downcurved, slightly tetragonal, strigulose, apiculate, often torulose when immature, 11–18 mm. long, ± 1.7 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Seeds 5–8, subglobular, yellow, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000195409 morphology C5690B24-4048-4C70-BEA3-28C265010A58 Fig. 46/17. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1 wfo-0000191203 morphology FE27D460-BF6B-4BB3-A60F-7C975115C3D7 Procumbent herb with a stout perennial taproot, much resembling certain forms of I. spicata except for the fruits which are brown, subtorulose, spirally coiled, almost indehiscent, 15–20 mm. long, ± 1.4 mm. wide and 1.8 mm. thick; endocarp spotted; seeds 5–6, oblong, brown, angular, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499145-1 wfo-0000191203 morphology FE27D460-BF6B-4BB3-A60F-7C975115C3D7 Leaflets 4–7, oblanceolate or cuneate-obovate, not above ± 10 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, strigulose or glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499145-1 wfo-0000191203 morphology FE27D460-BF6B-4BB3-A60F-7C975115C3D7 Inflorescence not above 1.5 cm. long, almost sessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499145-1 wfo-0000191203 morphology FE27D460-BF6B-4BB3-A60F-7C975115C3D7 Stamens 2.5–3 mm., about as long as calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499145-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A A prostrate herb often rooting at the nodes; stems pale green, somewhat flattened, sparsely strigulose, up to 1 m. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Leaves resembling those of I. spicata; rhachis not over 8 mm. long; leaflets, in Flora area, 4–7, strigulose above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Raceme up to 4 cm. long, including a peduncle rather longer than the floriferous part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Calyx deeply divided, 2.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Stamens 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Style 2–3 mm. long, bent in the middle through 90°. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Pod green, usually somewhat curved, flattened, with a marked longitudinal ridge, ± 15 mm. long, 2.2 mm. wide and 1.4 mm. thick, strigulose; endocarp minutely speckled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000194743 morphology 433F4C82-61BC-479B-BB77-DD2432697B9A Seeds 5–7, tetragonal, ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499895-1 wfo-0000190344 morphology 4871F597-627C-4616-B25E-91F61502A044 Stems stout, stiffly erect, strigulose, up to 60 cm. tall from a perennial woody base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498968-1 wfo-0000190344 morphology 4871F597-627C-4616-B25E-91F61502A044 Lower leaves often simple, upper up to 11-foliolate; stipules triangular, strigulose, up to 3 mm. long; rhachis strigulose, up to 9 cm. long, including a petiole of 4 mm., prolonged up to 5 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets opposite or alternate, narrowly oblong, up to 6 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide but often much smaller, typically scabrid above with short stiff hairs ± 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498968-1 wfo-0000190344 morphology 4871F597-627C-4616-B25E-91F61502A044 Racemes densely strigulose, many-flowered, up to 15 cm. long in fruit, including a peduncle of up to 2 cm.; bracts lanceolate, 2 mm. long, very caducous; pedicels 1–2 mm. long, strongly reflexed during and after flowering. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498968-1 wfo-0000190344 morphology 4871F597-627C-4616-B25E-91F61502A044 Calyx divided to near the base; lobes acuminate-subulate, 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498968-1 wfo-0000190344 morphology 4871F597-627C-4616-B25E-91F61502A044 Stamens 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498968-1 wfo-0000190344 morphology 4871F597-627C-4616-B25E-91F61502A044 Fruit cylindrical, apparently indehiscent, spirally curved into 0.7–1.5 turns, ± 40 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, minutely strigulose, often somewhat warty; mesocarp woody, ± 0.5 mm. thick; endocarp not spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498968-1 wfo-0000191399 morphology C39D7670-ABE6-42AF-BB2B-D904F7FD1CD7 Perennial herb with a stout woody rootstock; stems appressed strigulose, procumbent, erect or spreading, up to 50 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499173-1 wfo-0000191399 morphology C39D7670-ABE6-42AF-BB2B-D904F7FD1CD7 Lower leaves (which are those most often seen) 1–3-foliolate, upper up to 8-foliolate; stipules narrowly triangular-subulate, up to 8 mm. long; rhachis broad, channelled above, up to 4 cm. long, including a petiole of up to 1 cm., prolonged up to 8 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets always alternate, cuneate-elliptic or narrowly oblong, up to 6 cm. long and 12 mm. wide, strigulose beneath, minutely black-spotted and glabrous above, except at the margins which are strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499173-1 wfo-0000191399 morphology C39D7670-ABE6-42AF-BB2B-D904F7FD1CD7 Racemes many-flowered, up to 12 cm. long in fruit, including a peduncle of 0.5–2 cm.; bracts lanceolate, strigulose, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499173-1 wfo-0000191399 morphology C39D7670-ABE6-42AF-BB2B-D904F7FD1CD7 Calyx strigulose, divided almost to the base, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499173-1 wfo-0000191399 morphology C39D7670-ABE6-42AF-BB2B-D904F7FD1CD7 Stamens 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499173-1 wfo-0000191399 morphology C39D7670-ABE6-42AF-BB2B-D904F7FD1CD7 Pods straight, faintly tetragonal, brown, 12–20 mm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.3 mm. thick, strigulose, 5–8-seeded; endocarp faintly spotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499173-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Erect herb or subshrub up to 1 m. tall, branches glabrous or glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Leaf-rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a petiole of 2–3 mm.; stipules subulate-setaceous, 2–3 mm. long; stipellae filiform 0.4–0.8 mm. long; leaflets 9–13, nearly always alternate, elliptic, rounded or broadly acute and apiculate at the apex, broadly cuneate at the base, darker above than beneath, sparsely strigulose on both surfaces, increasing in size towards the leaf-tip, up to 20 mm. long and 13 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Racemes axillary, loosely 10–25-flowered, 4–5 cm. long, including a peduncle of ±1 cm.; bracts filiform, ±2 mm. long, very caducous; flowering pedicels spreading, up to 5 mm. long, fruiting pedicels ascending, up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Calyx strigulose with narrowly triangular lobes, up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Standard appressed white pubescent outside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Staminal sheath ±4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Ovary glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000193531 morphology E9081705-D738-4F27-91B2-090FE0AC875C Pod nearly straight, up to 25 mm. long, ±1.5 mm. wide, 4–6-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499623-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Almost glabrous annual up to 12 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Leaves simple, spathulate, rounded or broadly acute at the tip, more or less crowded into a basal rosette, up to 2.5 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide; stipules subulate, 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Racemes 3–7-flowered, erect, up to 10 cm. long, including a peduncle of 2–3.5 cm.; bracts persistent, 1 mm. long; fruiting pedicels stiffly spreading, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Calyx 1.5 mm. long, divided almost to the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Corolla bright pink, 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Stamens 2 mm. long, the vexillary one often fertile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000195336 morphology 9E199B14-991B-4B10-A7AA-EB860093A3E2 Pod ± flat, erect or spreading, up to 25 mm. long and 1 mm. wide, glabrous, 15–19-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500022-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Annual spreading herb; branches sparingly hispid, up to 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Leaves simple; stipules broadly acuminate, broadly cordately lobed on the side away from the petiole, up to 6 mm. long and 4 mm. broad; petiole ± 1 mm. long; blade lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 7 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, tapering at the base, sparingly hispid on both sides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Racemes very lax, 5–10-flowered, up to 12 cm. long including a peduncle of 1–3 cm.; bracts lanceolate, ±1.5 mm. long; pedicels up to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Calyx ±1.5 mm. long, the triangular teeth shorter than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Fruit straight or somewhat curved, 25–30 mm. long, ± 1.2 mm. wide and 0.8 mm. thick, glabrous, prominently veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000193215 morphology E6E34EB8-3022-4D5B-8B29-DEF1D4827F20 Seeds 18–22, dark brown, ± square. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499582-1 wfo-0000194916 morphology 7995B841-B5DE-4374-9405-7BF2FD228314 Annual, up to 45 cm. tall; medifixed hairs on the stems stiffly curved, spreading at the tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499919-1 wfo-0000194916 morphology 7995B841-B5DE-4374-9405-7BF2FD228314 Leaves simple; stipules lanceolate-subulate, up to 7 mm. long; petiole up to 1 mm. long; blade lanceolate, up to 6 cm. long and 9 mm. wide, sparsely pilose above, crisped strigose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499919-1 wfo-0000194916 morphology 7995B841-B5DE-4374-9405-7BF2FD228314 Racemes 5–15-flowered, 3–13 cm. long, including a peduncle 1–2 cm.; bracts up to 2 mm. long; pedicels up to 4 mm. long, rigidly spreading in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499919-1 wfo-0000194916 morphology 7995B841-B5DE-4374-9405-7BF2FD228314 Calyx ± 2 mm. long, divided to the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499919-1 wfo-0000194916 morphology 7995B841-B5DE-4374-9405-7BF2FD228314 Stamens 3.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499919-1 wfo-0000194916 morphology 7995B841-B5DE-4374-9405-7BF2FD228314 Pod almost straight, flattened, 25–30 mm. long, ±1.1 mm. wide and 0.5 mm. thick, crisped strigulose, 17–21-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499919-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Perennial or sometimes annual herb, ± woody at the base, up to 50 cm. tall; stems crisped strigose, often densely so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Leaves simple; stipules asymmetric, faleate-lanceolate, ovate or broadly cordate, acuminate, up to 5 mm. long; petiole ± 1 mm. long; blade oblong or oblong-lanceolate or rarely broadly linear, up to 5 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, ± densely crisped strigose on both surfaces, the hairs greenish-yellow when young, rather silvery later. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Racemes 15–30-flowered, up to 28 cm. long, including a peduncle of 1–4 cm.; bracts lanceolate, ± 2 mm. long; pedicels up to 7 mm. long in fruit, stiffly spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Calyx nearly 4 mm. long; lobes narrowly triangular, longer than the tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Keel 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Stamens about as long as calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000193693 morphology FAE366D3-7F07-4C4D-BD79-B81C1299361F Pod straight or slightly curved, 3–5 cm. long, ± 2 mm. wide and 1.4 mm. thick, crisped hispid, up to 26-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499660-1 wfo-0000191527 morphology F27A9A38-03D5-41DA-AE0E-1C63E424CF5B Differs from I. microcharoïdes in the leaves being digitately 3-foliolate, with a petiole of up to 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499198-1 wfo-0000191527 morphology F27A9A38-03D5-41DA-AE0E-1C63E424CF5B Stipules linear-lanceolate or narrowly triangular; leaflets oblanceolate or obovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499198-1 wfo-0000192347 morphology 46672D95-8370-4327-82F4-BEEA8C09674F Annual herb up to 30 cm. tall, the indumentum somewhat spreading and moderately dense. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499378-1 wfo-0000192347 morphology 46672D95-8370-4327-82F4-BEEA8C09674F Either 1-foliolate leaves only or both 1- and pinnately 3-foliolate leaves may be present; in the first case the presence of a 3–8 mm. long petiole separated from both the stem and the lamina by pulvini which are translucent in the dried state distinguishes this species from other 1-foliolate members of subgenus Microcharis in the Flora area; the 3-foliolate leaves are distinctive in that the terminal leaflet, which is up to 50 mm. long and 8 mm. wide is normally 1.5–3 times as long as the lateral leaflets; stipules linear-lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499378-1 wfo-0000192347 morphology 46672D95-8370-4327-82F4-BEEA8C09674F Raceme 10–30-flowered, 4–27 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 4 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499378-1 wfo-0000192347 morphology 46672D95-8370-4327-82F4-BEEA8C09674F Corolla red or occasionally lilac. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499378-1 wfo-0000192347 morphology 46672D95-8370-4327-82F4-BEEA8C09674F Stamens 2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499378-1 wfo-0000192347 morphology 46672D95-8370-4327-82F4-BEEA8C09674F Pod up to 25 mm. long, strigose, up to 15-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499378-1 wfo-0000196371 morphology 256F6464-5FAF-4399-938F-AF1B3C2B7576 Perennial herb; stems spreading, up to 40 cm. long, rather densely covered with stiff spreading biramous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500183-1 wfo-0000196371 morphology 256F6464-5FAF-4399-938F-AF1B3C2B7576 Stipules lanceolate-attenuate, up to 7 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide; petiole 5–15 mm. long; rhachis prolonged 3–7 mm. beyond lateral leaflets; leaflets 1–5 but usually 3, elliptical, up to 2 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, crisped strigose on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500183-1 wfo-0000196371 morphology 256F6464-5FAF-4399-938F-AF1B3C2B7576 Racemes lax, many-flowered, up to 30 cm. long in fruit, including a peduncle of up to 3 cm.; bracts lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm. long; pedicels 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500183-1 wfo-0000196371 morphology 256F6464-5FAF-4399-938F-AF1B3C2B7576 Calyx ± 3 mm. long, divided to near the middle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500183-1 wfo-0000196371 morphology 256F6464-5FAF-4399-938F-AF1B3C2B7576 Stamens ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500183-1 wfo-0000196371 morphology 256F6464-5FAF-4399-938F-AF1B3C2B7576 Pod almost straight, up to 5 cm. long, ± 1.5 mm. wide and 0.7 mm. thick, with spreading hairs, up to 30-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500183-1 wfo-0000191014 morphology 5619142F-D8A8-42AA-9F07-754FC231E077 Annual or biennial procumbent herb; stems up to 30 cm. long, sparsely appressed strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499092-1 wfo-0000191014 morphology 5619142F-D8A8-42AA-9F07-754FC231E077 Stipules linear-attenuate, spreading, up to 3 mm. long; leaf-rhachis ± 7–10 mm. long, the lateral leaflets near its middle; leaflets 3 or rarely 1, cuneate-obovate, up to 13 mm. long and 9 mm. wide, appressed strigulose on both surfaces, or glabrous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499092-1 wfo-0000191014 morphology 5619142F-D8A8-42AA-9F07-754FC231E077 Raceme 4–10-flowered, up to 2 cm. long, including a peduncle of 3–7 mm.; bracts linear-attenuate, ± 1 mm. long; pedicels up to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499092-1 wfo-0000191014 morphology 5619142F-D8A8-42AA-9F07-754FC231E077 Calyx ± 2 mm. long, with narrow teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499092-1 wfo-0000191014 morphology 5619142F-D8A8-42AA-9F07-754FC231E077 Stamens ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499092-1 wfo-0000191014 morphology 5619142F-D8A8-42AA-9F07-754FC231E077 Pod somewhat curved, ± 15 mm. long and 1 mm. wide, strigose, ± 10-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499092-1 wfo-0000196382 morphology BDBFA0E7-5585-440E-B9D3-0E5DF1E01A85 A delicate annual up to 40 cm. tall, with a sparse indumentum of stiff spreading biramous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500186-1 wfo-0000196382 morphology BDBFA0E7-5585-440E-B9D3-0E5DF1E01A85 Stipules narrowly triangular-subulate, up to 5 mm. long; leaf-rhachis up to 15 mm. long, including a petiole of ± 5 mm., which is present even in the basal 1-foliolate leaves, prolonged 1–3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 1–5, linear-lanceolate or oblong, up to 20 mm. long and 7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500186-1 wfo-0000196382 morphology BDBFA0E7-5585-440E-B9D3-0E5DF1E01A85 Raceme up to 15-flowered, up to 12 cm. long; bracts linear, 1–1.5 mm. long; pedicels very slender, up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500186-1 wfo-0000196382 morphology BDBFA0E7-5585-440E-B9D3-0E5DF1E01A85 Calyx 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500186-1 wfo-0000196382 morphology BDBFA0E7-5585-440E-B9D3-0E5DF1E01A85 Stamens 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500186-1 wfo-0000196382 morphology BDBFA0E7-5585-440E-B9D3-0E5DF1E01A85 Pod 8–25 mm. long, ±1.6 mm. wide, sparsely strigose or almost glabrous, 4–17-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500186-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Shortly erect annual, or perennial with a woody rootstock and numerous slender prostrate or ascending stems up to 60 cm. long, glabrous to very sparingly strigulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Stipules subulate, ± 1 mm. long; rhachis up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of ± 4 mm., prolonged up to 13 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets into a point which looks like a terminal leaflet, but there is no trace of a joint; lateral leaflets mostly 4–12 (sometimes 2 in leaves subtending inflorescences), cylindrical, resembling the rhachis, up to 12 mm. long; terminal leaflet absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Raceme slender, slightly zigzag, 1–10-flowered, up to 10 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 5 cm.; bracts subulate ± 1 mm. long; pedicels up to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Calyx divided to the middle, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Stamens 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Pod straight, 8–25 mm. long, ±1.7 mm. wide and 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000190454 morphology 032A25D0-CB47-46D0-8195-46FF399D2BAC Seeds 5–14, dull yellow with darker raised spots, ±1.1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499002-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Up to 0.5 m. tall, covered throughout, except for the upper surface of the leaflets and the corolla with appressed biramous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Leaves 3–7-foliolate; stipules green, persistent, linear, up to 6 mm. long; rhachis, including the petiole of about half its length, up to 7 cm. long; leaflets broadly linear or oblong, usually rather wider below the middle, the terminal one longer than the lateral, up to 5 cm. long and 9 mm. wide, truncate-rounded or emarginate at the tip, narrowed and ± rounded at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Racemes 5–25-flowered, up to 12 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 2 cm.; bracts narrowly lanceolate, rather persistent, up to 2 mm. long; pedicels ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Calyx appressed strigulose; tube 1 mm. long; teeth triangular, the 2 upper 0.5 mm., the 3 lower 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Corolla caducous, pale mauve, strongly-veined, the keel greenish, glabrous except for minute hairs on the upper margins of the keel; standard elliptic, apiculate, without appendages, 6–7 mm. long including a claw of 0.6 mm., 4 mm. wide; wings oblong-elliptic, 7.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, bluntly and shortly auriculate, with a claw of 0.5 mm.; keel-petals free from wings, oblanceolate, shallowly pouched, 7 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, tapering gradually to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Filaments all strongly united, the tube 6 mm., the free parts 0.5–1 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long, including a filiform apical process of 0.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Ovary 5.5 mm. long, densely appressed strigulose, 7–9-ovulate; style glabrous, 1.5 mm. long; stigma depressed-capitate, ± 0.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Pod erect, curved slightly away from the rhachis near the base, narrowly oblong, 4–6 cm. long including a beak of 5–6 mm., 5 mm. wide, 1 mm. thick, the valves twisted after dehiscence, marked with 3 longitudinal ridges and numerous transverse corrugations, 7–9-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Seeds grey, square, elliptic in cross-section, minutely tuberculate, ± 3.5 × 3.5 × 1 mm., each face marked with 3 longitudinal ridges and several transverse corrugations. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000189967 morphology BB191F02-F94A-4C2D-832D-80E4808D371A Fig. 48, p. 329. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:489239-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Softly woody shrub or small tree, the stem up to 10 cm. in diameter, branched from near the base, 2–7 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Branchlets glabrous or almost so, rarely somewhat aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Leaves glabrous except for a few hairs on the pulvinus and at the bases of the petiolules; stipules ovate-lanceolate, often recurved, caducous; leaflets in 4–9 or rarely up to 13 pairs, usually 3–4 mm. wide and 8–9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Racemes 1–2-flowered, almost glabrous, the rhachis up to 3 cm. long; pedicel 6–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Receptacle 1.5 mm., calyx-tube 4–5 mm., calyx-lobes broadly triangular, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Blade of standard ovate-elliptic, broadly cuneate at the base, 21–25 mm. long, 22–24 mm. broad; claw ± 5 mm. long; appendages with free tips 4–5 mm. long, 1.5–1.8 mm. wide, oblong at the base and narrowed to an obtuse apex (fig. 49/1b, p. 332); blade of wing 20–21 mm. long with a short broad tooth at the base; blade of keel 11–12 mm. long, 6 mm. wide at the base and 9–10 mm. near the apex; basal tooth short, usually at an angle of 60°–80° with the 13 mm. long claw, sometimes almost parallel to it (fig. 49/1a, 1aa). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Filament-sheath 18–23 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Ovary 30–45-ovulate, glabrous; style 5–6 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Pod ± 4 mm. wide, thicker at the centre than at the sutures, not, or but slightly and irregularly, torulose, ending in a beak 3–4 mm. long; septa 5–6 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Seeds brown, not mottled, ± 4 × 2 × 1.5 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0000178186 morphology FCBA3BC3-4DEE-4D38-BB19-85BF67046203 Fig. 50. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518490-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Softly woody shrub or small tree up to 5 m. tall, closely related to S. keniensis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Stem and leaf-rhachis glabrous or sparsely pilose, sometimes sparsely aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Stipules oblong-triangular, caducous; leaf-rhachis up to 28 cm. long; leaflets in 10–24 pairs, up to 28 mm. long and 6 mm. wide but usually ± 12 by 4 mm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Raceme 4–15-flowered, nearly or quite glabrous, the rhachis usually ± aculeate, up to 20 cm. long, including a peduncle of 1–5 cm.; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, very caducous; pedicel up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Receptacle-cup 2 mm.; calyx-tube 5–7 mm.; teeth broad, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Blade of standard elliptic-oblong, ± 20 mm. long and wide; claw 4–5 mm. long; appendages up to 1.5 mm. wide and with free tips 4–8 mm. long; blade of wing ± 20 mm. long by 7–9 mm. wide, with a short hook at the base; claw ± 6 mm. long; blade of keel 9–11 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide at the base and 9–11 mm. near the apex; basal tooth at an angle of 30°–50° to the 10–15 mm. long claw (fig. 49/2, p. 332). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Filament-sheath 17–23 mm., free parts 4–6 mm., anthers 1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Ovary superior to semi-inferior, unilocular; ovule solitary, pendulous from the apex of a central placenta; stigma sessile or borne on a slender style urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Fruit a drupe, often fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000428 morphology CE30F949-B85F-40C8-8249-35D6534F44E2 Seeds having copious endosperm and a relatively small embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126619-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Annual or perennial herbs, or rarely shrubs; stems erect or prostrate and rooting at the nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Leaves basal or cauline, alternate, opposite or verticillate, simple or lobed, entire or dentate; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Flowers axillary and solitary, racemose, verticillate or paniculate, hermaphrodite, regular, sometimes heterostylous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Calyx gamosepalous, free or rarely adnate to the ovary, 4–9-partite, usually persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Corolla gamopetalous, rotate, hypocrateriform or campanulate, with a very short to long tube and 4–9-partite limb, or corolla rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Stamens equal in number to and inserted opposite the corolla-lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Ovary superior or rarely half inferior, 1-locular; ovules 2–3 or usually many on a free central placenta urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Fruit a capsule, valvate or circumscissile or rarely indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000497 morphology A2DB4AA3-2188-43E2-9E6B-734EA56D95C2 Seeds small, 1, few or usually numerous, often angular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126675-1 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Perennial herbs with rhizomes, sometimes with bamboo-like shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Shoots simple or branched with one to many leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Leaves with petiole sheathing below, terete in the middle and both terete and calloused (pulvinate) just below the blade; leaf-blade usually more or less asymmetric with one side (either left or right) more curved than the other and the acumen not in line with the midrib; some plants with only one type of leaf (the more curved side either right or left) (homotropic), some with both types (antitropic); nerves parallel and very numerous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Inflorescence simple or branched with each cymose partial inflorescence in the axil of a primary bract, each successive branch of the cyme (a two-flowered cymule) enclosed in an unkeeled or 2–3-keeled prophyll, and an unkeeled mesophyll opposite the prophyll, or with mespohyll or both mesophyll and prophyll absent; primary bracts arranged in simple spikes with from 4 to many nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Cymule pedunculate or sessile with the two flowers pedicellate or seesile, side by side or at different levels, with or without fleshy bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Sepals free, equal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Corolla forming a tube below with 3 petaloid lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Staminodes (with stamen) forming a tube below, which is fused to the corolla tube; outer staminodes 2 or 1, petaloid or subulate, sometimes unequal; inner staminodes 3, unequal, one bearing the anther and another hooded, with or without a spur-like appendage urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Style and stigma at first held erect by the hood of one of the staminodes, later suddenly bending downwards urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Ovary inferior, 1- or 3-locular with one ovule in each loculus urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Fruit dehiscent or indehiscent, with 1–3 seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000361 morphology 8CAE063A-55E8-4387-A923-10BD8E9F9AD6 Seed with or without a basal aril; endosperm abundant urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001412-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Trees or shrubs, the latter sometimes trailers or scramblers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Leaves generally opposite, simple or compound, exstipulate; small depressions occupied by mites and termed acarodomatia occur on the under side of the leaves of some species urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Inflorescences terminal or axillary, few- to many-flowered urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Flowers hermaphrodite or rarely unisexual, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Calyx hypogynous, often campanulate and four-toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Corolla gamopetalous, rarely absent or with the segments nearly free; lobes or segments generally spreading and mostly four (except in Jasminum) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Stamens usually two, epipetalous, with short filaments; no staminal disc urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Ovary superior, bilocular with generally two pendulous or basal ovules in each loculus attached to the apex, side, or the base of the partition urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Fruit variable, dry or fleshy, dehiscent or indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000422 morphology 3E18ACD5-6AAE-4D45-9B18-20C8EEB5293B Seeds one to four per fruit; endosperm present but sometimes reduced to a thin membrane urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001336-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Herbs or woody climbers or subshrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Leaves frequently compound with sheathing bases and most often without stipules, spirally arranged or opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Inflorescence generally terminal and many flowered, more rarely with few flowers, or these solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Flowers regular or irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Sepals free, hypogynous, sometimes petaloid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Petals sometimes absent, if present free, hypogynous, some nectariferous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Stamens indefinite in number, hypogynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Carpels indefinite in number, few, or solitary, free or more or less joined together (if not solitary), with one or several ovules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Fruits achenes, drupelets, follicles, or capsules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000514 morphology E6E92EEF-06A5-44F4-A870-D9016EC12668 Seeds without arils, with endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000277-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Herbs, climbers, shrubs, or trees (not in tropical East Africa) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Branches sometimes tendrilous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Leaves usually alternate, often lush, sessile or stalked, usually dilated into an amplexicaul cup (ocrea) at the junction with the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Flowers actinomorphic; hermaphrodite, polygamous, dioecious, or monoecious; borne in many- or few-flowered fascicles, pedicellate, subtended or not by ocreiform bracts with or without bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Inflorescence capitate, racemose, or ± umbellate, often branched and paniculate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Petals 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Perianth inferior, calyciform with 3–6 free, sometimes petaloid lobes (tepals) arranged in 1 or 2 series, often accrescent and then sometimes armed with spines, prickles or teeth urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Stamens 5–9 inE. African spp., usually all fertile, inserted in 1 or 2 series at or near the base of the perianth; filaments filiform throughout or basally dilated, free or conjoined at the base; anthers 2–celled, longitudinally dehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Styles 2–3, free or connate below, the flowers sometimes heterostylous; stigmas capitate, dilated, fimbriate or penicillate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Ovary 1–locular, superior, sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Mature fruit nut-like, fusiform, lenticular, or acutely or obscurely trigonous, unarmed or armed with prickles or (Harpagocarpus) barbed setae urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Ovule solitary, basal, sessile or stalked urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 morphology A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Seed with abundant endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 distribution A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 A world-wide family, most abundant in temperate regions urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 distribution A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Two genera are confined to Africa and Madagascar urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000488 use A56A284D-BAD0-4D71-BC5F-102D32BF0B32 Certain species have value as crops, as vegetables, or as medicines urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000532-2 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Trees or shrubs, usually with simple trunks or stems, rarely herbs; milky latex present in all parts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Leaves large, usually clustered at branch tips, long-petioled and exstipulate, variously lobed and divided, glabrous or rarely hairy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Inflorescences axillary or rarely cauliflorous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Flowers dioecious, monoecious or hermaphrodite, pentamerous and regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Calyx small, gamosepalous, 5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Male flowers gamopetalous; corolla-tube long and narrow; lobes ± valvate or contorted; stamens 10, biseriate, inserted on the corolla; filaments free or connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Female flowers with petals ± free; ovary superior, sessile, 1- or 5-locular with parietal placentation; style short or absent; stigmas 5, sessile, simple or fimbriate; ovules numerous, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000114 morphology F93EF098-8087-4ADE-8A18-BC0A5A0B1558 Fruit a fleshy berry with numerous seeds; seed with soft succulent outer testa and hard inner testa; endosperm present; embryo straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126657-1 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Highly specialized fleshy perennials of diverse habit urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Stems terete, globular, flattened or fluted, mostly leafless and variously spiny; spines always arising from complex axillary structures (areoles) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Flowers solitary or rarely clustered, sessile (except in Pereskia), almost always bisexual, usually regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Perianth segments ?, closely imbricated in bud, in a sepaloid to petaloid series, ± free or fused below to form a short or elongate tube (hypanthium) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Stamens ?; filaments variously inserted on or at base of perianth; anthers 2-thecous, splitting longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Ovary almost always inferior, with 3–? parietal placentas; ovules ?; style single; stigma-lobes 3–? urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Fruit a dry or juicy berry, often spiny, bristly or scaly urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 morphology 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 Seeds ?, variously arillate or carunculate, with or without endosperm; embryo straight or curved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000098 distribution 7D2C18C0-8602-485A-858A-9ABD11DC64C2 A large, almost exclusively American family, several of whose members are grown as ornamentals in East Africa. The epiphytic genus >i>Rhipsalis is sometimes considered to be indigenous in Africa, and a number of >i>Opuntia species have become widely naturalized urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000028-2 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Trees or shrubs, mostly evergreen, usually practically glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple; stipules minute or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or sexes separate, in cymes or fascicles, rarely solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Calyx-lobes 4–6(–9), imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Corolla rotate; petals 4–5(–9), free or joined at the base, imbricate or valvate; disk absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Male flowers with 4–5(–9) stamens, free or inserted at the base of the corolla-tube, alternating with the petals, hypogynous; anthers dithecous, opening by longitudinal slits; rudimentary ovary 1-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Female flowers: ovary superior, (2–)3(–22)-locular; ovules 1–2 in each locule, pendulous; style terminal or absent; stigma capitate or discoid; staminodes present but anthers sessile or on shorter filaments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Fruit a drupe with (1–)2–6(–many) 1(–2)-seeded pyrenes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000041 morphology C8499698-5043-4FA3-98AB-98623D5C6B23 Seeds with copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126622-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Trees or shrubs, unarmed or with axillary spines urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Leaves mostly coriaceous, opposite, simple, entire; stipules minute or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or dioecious, in dense axillary or terminal fascicles or panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Calyx-lobes 2–4(–5) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Petals 4(–5), imbricate, free or partially connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Stamens 4(–5), epipetalous or inserted near base of petals and alternate with them; filaments free or connate at base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Anthers 2-thecous; thecae back to back, opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Disk absent or consisting of separate glands between the filaments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Ovary superior, 1–2-locular; style short; ovules 1–2, erect urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Fruit a berry or drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000541 morphology 71B8960E-DDAA-4912-9C53-E4ABC8D963BF Seeds without endosperm; embryo with thick cordate cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126678-1 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Mostly woody climbers, sometimes shrubs or small trees, with unicellular appressed (sometimes fork-shaped) medifixed ± stiff hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Leaves opposite, ternate or alternate, simple and entire, often with glands near the base of the lamina or on the petiole; stipules present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Inflorescence terminal or axillary, usually many-flowered and racemose (or more rarely flowers solitary); bracts and bracteoles present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-0000961752 morphology 1695E35E-6B96-4CA1-8330-1BB917419F76 Seeds conical, 0.8 × 0.5 mm., pinkish brown, with shallow wrinkles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904169-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Much-branched prostrate annual herb, with branches to 35 cm. long, the upper surface covered with short, adpressed hairs, the lower surface glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Leaves obovate, to 14 × 8 mm., base very obliquely rounded, apex rounded and entire, obscurely toothed or minutely apiculate, glabrous or rarely with a few scattered hairs around the margin; petiole to 0.5 mm. long; stipules free, linear to 0.4 mm. long, sometimes 2–3-toothed at the broader base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Cyathia solitary on peduncles 0.5–1 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, ± 1.25 × 1.25 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, to almost 1 mm. wide but usually much less, reddish, with distinct white or pinkish lobed appendages, to 0.6 × 1.5 mm.; involucral lobes minute, triangular with ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles minute (0.3 mm. long), erect, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 3 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed with truncate base, 1.6 × 1.6 mm., usually glabrous, occasionally with a few long spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Seeds ovate-conical, sharply 4-angled, 0.9 × 0.5 mm., pinkish brown, with a few very obscure ridges and grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000963440 morphology 227B62F3-FF2D-40EC-925A-C5572AF17C7A Fig. 78/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347406-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Prostrate branching annual, with branches ± 15 cm. long covered in curved adpressed hairs which are absent on the under surface of at least the lower half of the branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Leaves subsessile, obovate, to 10 × 6 mm., base very obliquely rounded, apex rounded, margin obscurely denticulate around the apex, glabrous, the lower surface tinged red; stipules free, broadly triangular, 0.4 × 0.4 mm., deeply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Cyathia solitary on peduncles 1 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on leafy shoots, 1.5 × 1.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, ± 0.8 mm. wide, with 4–6-lobed white appendages, 0.4 mm. wide; involucral lobes minute, triangular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.3 mm. long, erect, bifid to halfway with thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 3.5 mm. long, 3-lobed, 1.8 × 1.8 mm., somewhat constricted about the middle, the lower half with a row of very short adpressed hairs along each side of the sutures and a fleshy hollow swelling between them. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000960605 morphology F94466F4-A2C3-485E-B751-28750F05DC16 Seeds contained in the lower half of the capsule, conical, 0.8 × 0.6 mm., pinkish brown, with a few very obscure transverse ridges and grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904168-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Much-branched, prostrate, annual herb with branches to 25 cm. long covered with long, spreading white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Leaves obovate to 10 × 5 mm., base very obliquely rounded, apex rounded and very obscurely toothed, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs on both surfaces; petiole to 0.5 mm. long; stipules filamentous, 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 0.75 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary, crowded on leafy shoots, 1.25 × 1.25 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, ± 0.6 mm. wide, with large white, lobed appendages ± 0.6 × 1.5 mm.; involucral lobes minute, triangular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Male flowers: bracteoles filamentous; stamens 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.75 mm. long, spreading, bifid to nearly halfway, with obviously thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 2.5 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.25 × 1.25 mm., with a few long scattered hairs or occasionally glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962095 morphology 88A25524-CB9A-4561-A776-7C47424E8A77 Seeds oblong-conical, 0.8 × 0.4 mm., pinkish brown, with numerous shallow wrinkles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346509-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Prostrate annual herb, with branches to 15 cm. long, the whole plant puberulous with short straight hairs, or more sparsely covered with long spreading hairs and the upper surface of the leaves glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Leaves obovate or oblong-ovate, to 8 × 4.5 mm., base obliquely rounded to subcordate, apex rounded, margin entire or toothed; petiole to 1 mm. long; stipules to 1.5 mm. long, usually deeply divided into 2–4 linear teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 0.5 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, scarcely 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, transversely elliptic, with very small obscurely lobed pink or white appendages; involucral lobes minute, triangular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Male flowers few: bracteoles filamentous; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles minute (0.2 mm. long), spreading, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.5 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000962370 morphology 482BCFEB-C97D-457E-BE5E-E0D34E530EC9 Seeds oblong-conical, acutely 4-angled, 1 × 0.5 mm., pinkish brown, with numerous shallow transverse wrinkles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346683-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Annual herb, with spreading branches suberect to 25 cm. high, the whole plant often tinged red, very sparsely covered with long spreading hairs, the upper side of the branches in addition with shorter adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Leaves ovate to 18 × 12 mm., base very obliquely subcordate, apex subacute, margin distinctly toothed, with the teeth apparently gland-tipped; petiole to 2 mm. long; stipules 0.75 mm. long, deeply divided into 2–3 linear teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Cyathia solitary, on peduncles to 2.5 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on leafy shoots, 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, ± 0.3 mm. wide, red, with obvious, deeply 3–6-lobed pink or red appendages; involucral lobes broadly triangular, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, deeply divided; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.3 mm. long, spreading, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.25 mm. long, 3-lobed, with broadly truncate base, 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000964727 morphology 45B7AE5B-6425-4181-8EAB-00EABB2A04E2 Seeds ovoid, 1 × 0.75 mm., reddish brown, with 3 distinct transverse ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348256-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Prostrate or suberect annual herb, with branches to 25 cm. long, longitudinally ridged, the whole plant glabrous or usually at least the lower branches, leaves and capsules sparsely covered with fairly short spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Leaves ovate, to 10 × 7 mm., base rounded to subcordate and markedly oblique, apex rounded, margin entire or very obscurely toothed near the apex, hairs (when present) noticeable around the margin; petiole to 1 mm. long; stipules linear to 1 mm. long, occasionally deeply divided into 2–3 teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 1 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, scarcely 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, transversely elliptic, green to purplish, with small entire or shallowly lobed white appendages; involucral lobes minute, triangular, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, deeply divided; stamens 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.4 mm. long, spreading, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 2.5 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.5 × 1.75 mm., with the ridges often purple tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000963063 morphology 36C76FC4-EEFE-4978-AD85-A591B8024635 Seeds ovoid, 1 × 0.6 mm., reddish brown, perfectly smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347144-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Annual much-branched herb, prostrate, to ± 50 cm. in diameter, or sometimes decumbent with branches to 30 cm. long, longitudinally ridged, conspicuously so when dry, the whole plant completely glabrous or with a few scattered hairs on the lower leaf-surface and occasionally on the capsules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Leaves ovate to occasionally lanceolate, to 14 × 6 mm., base very obliquely rounded to subcordate, apex obtuse, margin serrate, sometimes obscurely so; petiole to 1.5 mm. long; stipules ± 1.5 mm. long, deeply divided with 3–5 linear points. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Cyathia solitary, on peduncles 1 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short, leafy shoots, 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, transversely elliptic, red, with small lobed pink or white appendages; involucral lobes minute, triangular, margin sharply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.5 mm. long, spreading, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 2 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.5 × 1.75 mm., with the angles often purple-tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Seeds oblong-conical, 1.25 × 0.75 mm., greyish brown, with shallow transverse wrinkles and pits. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000962686 morphology 75C5FF29-F08E-4DEF-A84D-548105D6A1C5 Fig. 78/1, p. 422. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346875-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Slender annual herb with spreading branches erect to 25 cm. high, glabrous except for the basal part of stem and basal leaves which are minutely puberulous, the whole plant often tinged with red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Leaves linear, to 23 × 2 mm., base obliquely rounded, apex acute, margin entire; petiole 1 mm. long; stipules linear, 0.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Cyathia solitary on peduncles 1 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, 1 × 1 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glands minute, transversely elliptic, red, with narrow pink appendages; lobes triangular with margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Male flowers: bracteoles filamentous; stamens 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.5 mm. long, spreading, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.25 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.75 × 1.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Seeds oblong-conical, 1.25 × 0.7 mm., pinkish brown, shallowly pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000960749 morphology 25322771-566F-4C7C-84B6-2E019B9C8A0D Fig. 79/1–4, p. 427. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:988661-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Annual with branching stems erect to 35 cm. high, glabrous except occasionally for a few long, scattered hairs on the basal branches and leaves, the whole plant often tinged red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Leaves subsessile, lanceolate, to 18 × 4 mm., base obliquely rounded to subcordate, apex rounded apiculate, margin entire in the lower half, serrated in the upper half, sometimes obscurely so; stipules ± 1 mm. long, linear and toothed at the broader base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Cyathia solitary on peduncles 1 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary on short leafy shoots, 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, minute, transversely elliptic, often red, with minute pink or red lobed appendages; involucral lobes triangular, toothed, 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Male flowers few: bracteoles filamentous; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles ± 0.5 mm. long, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1.5 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Seeds oblong-conical, 1 × 0.5 mm., pinkish brown, with 3–4 distinct transverse wrinkled ridges and grooves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000964111 morphology B1DE99B3-5207-4A7E-8005-9CB5BE63F9BC Fig. 79/5–7, p. 427. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347838-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Perennial herb with a woody twisted root 1 cm. thick and to 25 cm. or more long, producing several woody underground stems to 3 cm. long, which branch profusely at ground-level; branches densely rebranching, leafy and prostrate to ± 10(–25) cm. long, or more floriferous and erect to ± 5 cm. high, often tinged red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Leaves lanceolate to ovate to 16 × 9 mm., base obliquely subcordate, apex minutely apiculate, the very narrowly cartilaginous margin entire or occasionally minutely toothed, under surface often tinged red; petiole to 2 mm. long; stipules linear or deeply divided into 2–4 linear teeth, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Cyathia solitary on peduncles 1–25 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary, 2 × 2.5 mm., with broadly cup-shaped involucres; glands 4 in hermaphrodite cyathia, or sometimes 5 in cyathia which develop only ♂ flowers, transversely elliptic, ± 1 mm. wide, red with conspicuous white or pink, entire or obscurely 2–3-lobed appendages to 1.5 × 2 mm.; involucral lobes acutely triangular, 0.8 mm. long, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Male flowers many, especially in unisexual cyathia: bracteoles deeply laciniate, apices ciliate; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 1 mm. long, erect, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 5.5 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 3 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Seeds ovate-conical, 1.75 × 1.25 mm., reddish buff and deeply pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000965454 morphology DCDCE3FD-8FD9-4F89-A606-3470074555CD Fig. 78/5, p. 422. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348767-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Perennial herb, probably with a thick woody rootstock, giving rise to woody persistent underground stems to ± 5 cm. long which branch at ground level; branches procumbent to ± 25 cm. long, pilose with spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Leaves broadly ovate to ± 8 × 7 mm., base rounded and markedly oblique, apex rounded, margin entire or obscurely toothed, leathery, glabrous; petiole 0.5 mm. long; stipules triangular, 0.5 mm. long, margin toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 1.5 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary, 17 × 2 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, ± 0.4 × 0.7 mm., brownish, with deeply 3–5-lobed white petaloid appendages 2–5 mm. long; involucral lobes triangular, 0.3 mm. long, margin shortly ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate, apices ciliate; stamens 1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Female flower: styles 0.6 mm. long, bifid to halfway, with thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 4.5 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, ± 2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964674 morphology C7299CC6-FA10-49F2-94F5-FA9329E9F8FB Seeds oblong-conical, 1.3 × 0.8 mm., greyish pink, surface wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931888-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Glabrous perennial herb with a thick tuberous rootstock to ± 12 × 4 cm. giving rise to several woody underground stems to ± 5 cm. long, which branch at ground-level; branches prostrate and leafy to 15 cm. long, or occasionally more floriferous and erect to 5 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Leaves broadly ovate to subcircular, to 17 × 13 mm., base rounded and obscurely oblique, apex rounded, margin entire, undersurface often tinged red; petiole to 1 mm. long; stipules broadly triangular to 0.8 × 0.6 mm., margin deeply toothed, sometimes joined at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Cyathia solitary on peduncles to 4 mm. long, terminal and pseudoaxillary, 2 × 2 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic to 1 mm. wide, red with white entire or obscurely 2–3-lobed appendages to 0.75 × 1.5 mm.; involucral lobes triangular, 0.4 mm. long, shortly ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate with ciliate apices; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 0.75 mm. long, suberect, bifid to halfway, with thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 5 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 2.25 × 2.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Seeds oblong-conical, 1.5 × 0.8 mm., pinkish buff and shallowly pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000964445 morphology F6E294E0-5ED0-44DC-B318-882BA83ACB8A Fig. 78/4, p. 422. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348069-1 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Erect annual herb to 1 m. high, with branches glabrous to sparsely pilose towards the apices, often tinged red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Leaves ovate, to 12 × 6 cm., base cuneate, apex obtuse, margin with minute distant gland-tipped teeth, occasionally more coarsely toothed, upper surface glabrous to sparsely pilose around the edges, lower surface pilose with septate hairs especially on the midrib and nerves, glabrescent; petiole to 2(–4) cm. long; glandular stipules fairly large, purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Cyathia densely clustered in axillary and terminal cymes forking ± 5 times, with progressively shorter rays from ± 15 cm. to ± 2 mm. long; basal bracts similar to the leaves but paler green, progressively smaller, more lanceolate and subsessile above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Cyathia glabrous, ± 3.5 × 2.5 mm., with goblet-shaped involucres; gland peltate, funnel-shaped, 1 mm. long, the opening circular, 1.2 mm. across, red-rimmed; lobes subcircular, ± 1.3 mm. long, deeply and sharply toothed with margins minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Male flowers: bracteoles few, ligulate, feathery; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Female flower: ovary pedicellate, glabrous or occasionally with minute scattered hairs, the perianth forming an obvious rim; styles ± 1 mm. long, occasionally minutely puberulous, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 6 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, ± 4.5 × 5.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000962515 morphology 35E7F12A-0C98-465C-87A0-5FA9ADB0ACC2 Seeds conical with acute apex, 2.6 × 2.4 mm., blackish brown, surface bluntly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30062970-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Erect shrubby annual herb to 1 m. high, with glabrous stems and branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Leaves ovate to markedly panduriform, to 10 × 5 cm., base cuneate, apex obtuse, margin shallowly toothed, upper surface glabrous, lower surface pilose with curved septate hairs, glabrescent; petiole to 1.5 cm. long, pilose; glandular stipules brownish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Cyathia densely clustered in terminal cymes, forking ± 4 times, with progressively shorter rays from ± 5 cm. to 2 mm. long; basal bracts similar to the leaves with a bright red blotch at the base, the upper ones progressively smaller, more lanceolate, sub-sessile and entirely red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Cyathia glabrous, ± 3.5 × 3 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; gland peltate, funnel-shaped, 1.5 mm. long, the opening transversely elliptical, 2 mm. wide; involucral lobes rounded, 1.5 × 1.5 mm., margin deeply lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Male flowers: bracteoles ligulate, apices feathery; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Female flower: ovary pedicellate, glabrous; styles 2 mm. long, bifid almost to the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 5.5 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 4 × 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000961612 morphology B9A9165E-E2F8-40FB-A05E-87F05DC3FE44 Seeds ovoid-conical, with acute apex, 2.8 × 2.2 mm., blackish brown, surface sharply tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:101468-2 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Glabrous annual herb to 25 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Leaves obovate, to 25 × 15 mm., base cuneate, apex rounded, margin entire; petiole of lower leaves to 1 cm. long, shorter above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels forking many times, with primary rays to 3.5 cm. long; bracts sessile, similar to the leaves but more ovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Cyathia on peduncles to 1.3 mm. long, 1 × 1 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely oblong, 0.5 mm. broad, with 2 horns to 0.8 mm. long; lobes rounded, minute, margins ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Male flowers: bracteoles linear, tips minutely ciliate; stamens 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Female flower: styles 0.3 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, bifid for 2/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 3 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, with truncate base, 2 × 2 mm., with longitudinal fleshy ridges each side of the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000963920 morphology B475614E-A1DC-4B28-8572-ED1B4DA6DA0E Seeds oblong-ovoid, 1.5 × 1 mm., reddish brown becoming grey, with longitudinal rows of deep pits and a smooth white caruncle 0.3 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347724-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Glaucous glabrous annual herb to 25 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Leaves sessile, linear to linear-lanceolate, to 6 × 0.5 cm., entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels forking many times, with primary rays to 5 cm. long; bracts leaf-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Cyathia subsessile, 1.5 × 1.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely oblong, 0.8 mm. broad with 2 horns to 0.8 mm. long; lobes rounded, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Male flowers: bracteoles linear, apices ciliate; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, bifid to almost halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 4 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 3.5 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000961803 morphology E129993A-AFD7-4828-8110-BE47969EB84E Seeds ovoid, 2.5 × 1.7 mm., blackish brown, with a close network of paler ridges, and a cream caruncle 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346321-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Much-branched shrub 1 m. high, probably annual; stem pubescent with crisped brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Leaves sessile, lanceolate, to 8.5 × 1 cm., base cuneate, apex apiculate, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Cymes axillary and in terminal 5-branched umbels forking many times, with primary rays to 8 cm. long; bracts sessile, deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 cm., margin entire, apex apiculate, the bracts of the umbel ± similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Cyathia subsessile, ± 3 × 4.5 mm. excluding the gland-processes, with cup-shaped involucres, glabrous; glands 4, spreading, transversely rectangular, ± 1.2 × 1.5–2.5 mm., 2 horned and with the margin between entire, or irregularly crenulate, or more usually with 1–4(–8) finger-like processes similar to the horns, horns and processes to 1.5 mm. long; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.2 × 1 mm., apex deeply and irregularly toothed, margin ciliate towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, apex minutely ciliolate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Female flower: ovary glabrous; styles 3 mm. long, joined for 0.8 mm., deeply bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 3 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 5 × 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Ovary glabrous, 40–55-ovulate; style glabrous, ± 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Pod 20–30 cm. long, ± 4 mm. wide, thicker at the centre than the margin, 40–55-seeded; sutures ± 1 mm. wide; septa ± 5 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0001059977 morphology F8A5FB46-DF2B-4BB7-A17E-7A389A447EEA Seeds brown, not mottled, suboblong, elliptical in cross-section, ±3 × 1.7 × 1.3 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518462-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Softly woody bush or small tree 3–6 m. tall, the trunk up to 12 cm. in diameter; young stems densely pubescent, never aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Stipules triangular-ovate, pubescent, rather persistent; leaf-rhachis 1.5–4 cm. long, pubescent; leaflets in 4–8 or, rarely, up to 12 pairs, 10–16 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, pubescent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Raceme 1–2 (rarely–4)-flowered, pubescent; peduncle 0.5–2 cm. long; pedicel 3–6 mm. long; bracts and bracteoles linear-lanceolate, very caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Calyx sparsely pubescent or, less often, glabrous; receptacle-cup 2 mm. long; calyx-tube 4 mm. long; teeth acuminate, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Corolla yellow, the standard usually with, but rarely without, purple streaks and dots; blade of standard suborbicular, emarginate, 18–24 mm. long and wide; claw 4 mm.; appendages with free tips 3–4 mm. long, ± oblong, 1.2–1.5 mm. wide at the base; blade of wing 18 mm. long, 8–9 mm. wide, shortly hooked at the base; claw 6 mm. long, 3 mm. wide; blade of keel 8–12 mm. long, 6 mm. wide at the base and 8–10 mm. near the apex; basal tooth ± horizontal; claw 12 mm. long (fig. 49/3, p. 332). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Filament-sheath 18–20 mm., free parts 3–5 mm., anthers 1.4–1.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Ovary 30–45-ovulate, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; style glabrous, 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Pod very slightly torulose, up to 26 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, thicker at the centre than at the margin; sutures 1 mm. wide; septa 5–6 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178101 morphology ACD54B0F-D413-4547-A401-2F33A187D22C Seeds green, not mottled, ± 4 × 2 × 1.7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518474-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Erect herb, up to 3 m. tall; stems glabrous, sometimes sparsely aculeate near the leaf-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Stipules lanceolate, nearly glabrous, caducous; leaf-rhachis up to 20 cm. long, nearly glabrous, sometimes sparsely aculeate; leaflets in up to 30 pairs, up to 22 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous or nearly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Racemes 3–9-flowered, glabrous or with a few hairs when very young; rhachis somewhat aculeate, up to 9 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 4.5 cm.; pedicels up to 18 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Calyx glabrous, except for the margin; receptacle 1.5 mm. long; calyx-tube 3.5 mm. long; teeth triangular, acute, 1.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Blade of standard 1.8 cm. long and wide; appendages with free tips ±0.8 mm. wide and 4–5 mm. long; claw 5 mm. long; blade of wing ±19 mm. long and 5 mm. wide, hooked at the base; claw 5 mm. long; blade of keel ± 10 mm. long, 4 mm. wide at the base, 7 mm. near the apex; basal tooth produced into a slender tip ± 2 mm. long and at 30°–70° to the 10 mm. long claw. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Filament-sheath 16–19 mm., free parts 3.5–4.5 mm., anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Ovary glabrous, 25–40-ovulate; style glabrous, 4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Pod up to 23 cm. long, including a beak of 8 mm., not torulose, 2.5–3 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick at the sutures, less at the centre, thus appearing almost winged, 25–40-seeded; septa 6–6.5 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178565 morphology 90B780B7-64A5-43B4-86E2-9E3035F675E4 Seeds olive-green, not mottled, suboblong, 4 × 2.2 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518544-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Softly woody herb or small tree, 1–6 m. tall, glabrous throughout except for the calyx-margin and a few hairs on the stipules; branches less spreading than those of S. sesban. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Stems usually aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Stipules lanceolate, acuminate, erect, up to 12 mm. long and 3 or 4 mm. broad, rather persistent; leaf-rhachis up to 30 cm. long, usually aculeate; leaflets in up to 50 pairs, up to 24(–35) mm. long and 6(–10) mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Racemes 6–20-flowered, 11–25 cm. long, including the usually aculeate peduncle of 3–6 cm.; pedicels up to 16 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Receptacle 1.5 mm. long; calyx-tube 4–5 mm., teeth broadly acuminate, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Corolla a deep golden-yellow, the standard usually flecked with violet; blade of standard at first widening gradually from the 2 mm. long claw and then very abruptly so that it is subcordate just below the middle, 13–15 mm. long, 17–20 mm. wide; appendages semicircular or broadly triangular without any free tips (fig. 49/5b, c, p. 332); blade of wing 10–12 mm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, hooked at the base; claw 4–6 mm. long; blade of keel 5–6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide at the base and 7–9 mm. near the apex; basal tooth large, ± parallel to the 7–8 mm. long claw (fig. 49/5a). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Filament-sheath (9–) 10–13 mm. long; free parts 4–5 mm. long; anthers 0.8–0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Ovary 24–32-ovulate; style glabrous, 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Pod curved, up to 30 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, 3 mm. thick at the centre, less at the sutures; septa 9–10 mm. apart (fig. 51/13, 14, p. 346). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178241 morphology 95D95D11-9C32-4A10-AAB5-D4282C782A3B Seeds dark olive-brown, not mottled, subcylindrical, 6–6.5 × 2.5 × 2.2 mm.; hilum 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518495-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 Closely related to S. speciosa, but much less pubescent, the stem, leaf-rhachis and inflorescence-rhachis being sparsely pilose, the leaflets glabrous above and sparsely appressed pilose beneath, the pedicels glabrous or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 The flowers are somewhat smaller; receptacle 2 mm., calyx-tube 5 mm., teeth 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 Blade of standard 17–21 mm. long, 17–21 mm. wide; blade of wing 17–20 mm. long; blade of keel 10–12 mm. long, the tooth at its base forming an angle of 35°–70° with the 10 mm. long claw (fig. 49/7, p. 332). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 Filament-sheath 17–21 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 The ovary is glabrous but the style pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 The pod resembles that of S. speciosa but is 5 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick at the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178167 morphology D6F68498-6376-498F-872C-CFA7FF07B6E7 Seeds kidney-shaped, ± 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide and 1 mm. thick; hilum circular, 0.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518484-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Erect softly woody plant 1–3 m. tall, not aculeate, the stems pithy, up to 15 mm. thick, sparsely pilose at first, later glabrescent with vertical rows of pustules above the leaf-axils which produce curious warty outgrowths on older stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Stipules lanceolate, reflexed, pilose, rather persistent, up to 10 mm. long; leaf-rhachis sparsely pilose, up to 19 cm. long; leaflets in 15–22 pairs, up to 30 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous above, usually sparsely pilose on the margins and the midrib beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Racemes 3–15-flowered, the rhachis pilose, 1–5 cm. long, including a peduncle of 4–15 mm.; bracts and bracteoles linear-lanceolate, pilose, caducous; pedicels up to 13 mm. long, sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Young buds markedly apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Calyx sparsely pilose; receptacle 1 mm., calyx-tube 4.5 mm. long; teeth markedly acuminate, with narrow sometimes almost filiform tips, 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Blade of standard 11–12 mm. long and 11 mm. wide; appendages with short triangular free tips 0.5–0.6 mm. long (fig. 49/8b, p. 332); claw 3 mm. long; blade of wing 11–12 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, toothed but not hooked at the base; claw 3 mm.; blade of keel 10–12 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide at the base and 7–9 mm. near the apex; basal tooth short, triangular; claw 4–5 mm. long (fig. 49/8a). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Filament-sheath 11–13 mm., free parts 4–6 mm., anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Ovary glabrous; style glabrous, 5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Pod ± erect, curved, 15–22 cm. long, including a slender beak of 15–35 mm., 4–5 mm. wide, thicker at the centre than at the sutures, 25–30-seeded; septa 4.5–5.5 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178404 morphology 98741073-6A1A-4A7B-AF08-1BF5363E1621 Seeds brown, minutely dotted with violet, subcylindrical, 3–3.5 × 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Erect branching semi-woody herb 0.5–1.5 m. tall, the stems almost glabrous, usually aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Stipules caducous, narrowly triangular, up to 5 mm. long, almost glabrous; leaf-rhachis up to 6 cm. long, usually aculeate, sparsely pilose at the base and at the bases of the leaflets; leaflets in 7–15 pairs, oblong, up to 13 mm. long and 4.5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Racemes 3–6-flowered, glabrous, or sparsely pilose when young; rhachis up to 4 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 2 cm., which is not aculeate; pedicels glabrous, 6–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Calyx glabrous except for the margin; receptacle 1.5 mm., tube 3.5 mm., teeth broadly acuminate, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Blade of standard elliptic, 12–18 mm. long, 12–19 mm. wide; appendages with free tips 0.5–1.8 mm. long (fig. 49/9b, p. 332); claw 4–5 mm. long; blade of wing 12–17 mm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, shortly hooked at the base; claw 3–4 mm. long; blade of keel 7–10 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide at the base and 6–7 mm. near the apex; basal tooth at an angle of 0°–40° with the 8–10 mm. long claw (fig. 49/9a). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Filament-sheath 13–17 mm., free parts 3–5 mm., anthers 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Ovary glabrous, 20–35-ovulate; style glabrous, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Pod almost straight, not or hardly torulose, 8–14 cm. long, ± 2.5 mm. wide, 2 mm. thick at the centre, less at the sutures, with a beak 2–3 mm. long, 18–25-seeded; septa 5–6 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178514 morphology ABA601F6-92C3-4D6C-A212-FCDC6131E061 Seeds somewhat mottled, ± 4 × 1.8 × 1.2 mm.; hilum 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518536-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Erect annual softly woody herb, 1–3 m. tall, the lateral branches not again branched; stems glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Stipules linear-lanceolate, up to 8 mm. long, ± erect, sparsely pilose, caducous; leaf-rhachis usually minutely aculeate, sparsely pilose at its base and at the bases of the leaflets; leaflets in 6–30 pairs, up to 20 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, glabrous or sparsely pilose at the margins when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Racemes 5–12-flowered, glabrous or very sparsely pilose when young; rhachis 5–14 cm. long, including a 2–8 cm. long peduncle which is often minutely aculeate; pedicels up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Calyx glabrous, except for the margin; receptacle 1.5 mm., tube 3.5 mm., teeth slightly acuminate, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Blade of standard golden within, pale yellow and purple-flecked outside, widest above the middle, 15–18 mm. long, 12–14 mm. wide; basal appendages with narrowly triangular very slender free tips, 1.5–2 mm. long; claw 3.5–4.5 mm. long; blade of wing golden yellow, 14–18 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, hooked at the base; claw 4–4.5 mm.; blade of keel pale yellow, 9.5–12 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide at the base and 5 mm. near the apex; basal tooth ± 1 mm. long, forming an angle of 0–20° with the 7.5–8.5 mm. long claw. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Filament-sheath (12–)13–16(–18) mm., free parts 3–5 mm., anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Ovary glabrous, tetragonous, 30–50-ovulate; style glabrous, 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Pod usually slightly curved, dark-spotted between the seeds, hardly torulose when mature, 10–18 cm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, ± 1.9 mm. thick at the sutures and no more at the centre, thus oblong in cross-section, slightly grooved down the middle; septa 5–5.5 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Seeds green, densely and minutely purple-spotted, 3–3.5 × 1.5–2 × ± 1.6 mm.; hilum 0.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178382 morphology BE0D5C53-1520-4178-B4F7-78F17EEE5FEA Fig. 51/1–10, p. 346. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518526-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Erect semi-woody annual or biennial plant, 1–2.5 m. tall, glabrous throughout except for a few scattered hairs on the very young leaves, a few woolly hairs on the margin of the calyx and the pubescent tip of the style; stems sometimes sparsely aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Stipules linear-lanceolate, erect, up to 11 mm. long, caducous; leaf-rhachis nearly always with prickles, especially on its lower surface towards the base, up to 40 cm. long; leaflets in 30–60 pairs, up to 22 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Racemes 3–18-flowered, the rhachis up to 5 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 1.5 cm. which is not aculeate; pedicels 6–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Receptacle 1 mm., calyx-tube 4 mm., teeth broadly triangular, slightly acuminate, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Blade of standard ± orbicular, 12–13 mm. long, 13–16 mm. wide; outer margin of appendages rounded with no trace of a free tip (fig. 49/10b, p. 332); claw 4 mm. long; blade of wing 10–12 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, broadly toothed, not hooked, at the base; claw 3–4 mm. long; blade of keel 5–6 mm. long, 3 mm. wide at the base and 7–9 mm. near the apex; basal tooth at an angle of 80°–100° with the 7–8 mm. long claw (fig. 49/10a). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Filament-sheath 11–13(–15) mm., free parts 4–6 mm., anthers 0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Ovary glabrous, 25–35-ovulate; style 5 mm. long, pubescent towards the tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Pod ± erect, slightly curved, not torulose, 14–20 cm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, ± 3 mm. thick at the centre and 2 mm. at the sutures, 20–30-seeded; septa 5–7 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178308 morphology CAFA1EDD-7F08-4F6D-9B7C-8E0969A59BEE Seeds brown, not mottled, 4–4.5 × 2–3 × 2 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518511-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Erect slightly woody annual, 1–5 m. tall; stems glabrous or sparsely pilose when young, rarely with a few small prickles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Stipules lanceolate, erect or rather spreading, sparsely pilose, usually caducous; leaf-rhachis in young plants up to 10 cm., in older plants rarely over 4 cm. long, glabrous or, when young, sparsely pilose near the base, sometimes with a few small prickles; leaflets in 3–28 pairs, up to 12 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Racemes 2–13-flowered, glabrous or sparsely pilose when young; rhachis up to 9 cm. long including a peduncle of up to 4 cm.; pedicels up to 16 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Calyx glabrous except for the slightly woolly margin; receptacle 1.5 mm., tube 3–4.5 mm., teeth slightly acuminate, 0.7–1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Blade of standard 11–12 mm. long, 12–14 mm. wide; appendages 1–1.5 mm. wide, abruptly rounded and sometimes emarginate at the top (fig. 49/11b, p. 332); claw 4–5 mm. long; blade of wing 11–12 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, hooked at the base; claw 4 mm.; blade of keel 5–7 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide at the base, 5.5–7 mm. towards the apex; basal tooth acute, the apex 2 mm. long, forming an angle of 40°–70° with the 8–9 mm. long claw (fig. 49/11a). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Filament-sheath 12–13 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Ovary glabrous, 25–40-ovulate, thickened towards the tip; style pubescent except for the base, 3.5–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Pod dull reddish, torulose, slightly curved, 8–24 cm. long, including a beak and stipe each of ± 7 mm., ± 3.5 mm. wide across the seeds, 2.5 mm. at the septa, up to 1.5 mm. thick in the centre, 1 mm. at the sutures; septa 6–7 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178138 morphology 07A540D0-143E-43FA-B986-14780B235DFA Seeds chestnut-brown, not mottled, elliptical, 4.5 × 2.3 × 1.2 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518477-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Erect annual herb up to 1–1.5 m. tall; stems almost glabrous, sometimes sparsely aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Stipules narrow, spreading, 3–4 mm.,long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Leaf-rhachis sparsely pilose, sometimes sparsely aculeate, 4–10 cm. long. Leaflets in 6–21 pairs, glabrous, up to 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Inflorescence-rhachis 3–5-flowered, up to 7 cm. long including a pilose peduncle 1–2.5 cm. long; pedicels glabrous, 5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Calyx glabrous except for the margin; receptacle 1.5 mm., tube 3 mm., teeth 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Blade of standard 10 mm. long, 14 mm. wide; claw 3 mm. long, with cuneate appendages 1.5 mm. long and 0.8 mm. wide on its upper part; blade of wing ± 10 mm. long and 4.5 mm. wide, with a blunt right-angled corner at the base; claw 3 mm. long; blade of keel 7 mm. long, 7 mm. wide near the tip, 3 mm. wide at the base, with a fine straight tooth at an angle of 35°–50° to the 6 mm. long claw. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Filament-sheath 11–12 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Ovary glabrous, 9–14-ovulate; style glabrous, ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Pod straw-coloured, 7–10 cm. long, including a stipe and a beak each 6–8 mm. long, 3–3.5 mm. wide across the seeds, 1.2–1.4 mm. wide between the seeds, 2 mm. thick at the seeds, 1 mm. at the sutures and between the seeds, 7–14-seeded; septa 7 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000178363 morphology 1C20EC73-2D40-4B17-AF32-D22F7E21A9DD Seeds olive, densely blackish-purple mottled, oblong-ellipsoid, 3.5 mm. long, 2.3 mm. wide, 1.8 mm. thick; hilum 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518514-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Erect, annual or biennial, slightly woody herb, 1–3 m. tall; stems glabrous, or sparsely pilose when young, usually sparsely aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Stipules linear-lanceolate, 6–10 mm. long, erect, pilose, caducous; leaf-rhachis sparsely pilose when young, later glabrous, aculeate on its lower side towards the base, up to 35 cm. long; leaflets in 25–55 pairs, up to 20 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, sparsely pilose when young on margins and midrib beneath, later glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Raceme glabrous, or with a few hairs when young, 3–12-fiowered; rhachis up to 13 cm. long, including a peduncle, which is nearly always aculeate, up to 4 cm. long; pedicels 6–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Calyx glabrous except for the margin; receptacle 1 mm., tube 3 mm., teeth triangular, slightly acuminate, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Blade of standard brownish-yellow, violet flecked, ± 10 mm. long and wide; appendages wedge-shaped, truncate at the top (fig. 49/12b, p. 332); claw 3 mm.; blade of wing 9 mm. long, toothed but not hooked at the base, 2–3 mm. wide; claw 3 mm.; blade of keel ± 7 mm. long, 2 mm. wide at the base and 4–5 mm. near the apex; basal tooth horizontal, or hooked and pointing downward to the 5 mm. long claw (fig. 49/12a). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Filament-sheath 9–12(rarely –13) mm., free parts 2–4 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Ovary glabrous; style glabrous, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Pod curved, up to 25 cm. long, including a beak of ± 1 cm., 2–3 mm. wide, ± 2 mm. thick in the centre, less at the sutures, 35–40-seeded; septa ± 5 mm. apart (fig. 51/11, 12, p. 346). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000186833 morphology 39403431-7539-4C65-A3BA-B965EA6E2416 Seeds brown, not mottled, elliptical in cross-section, ± 3 × 1.5 × 1.1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518441-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Erect annual herb, 1–2 m. tall; stems sparsely pilose when young, glabrous later, sometimes aculeate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Stipules narrowly lanceolate, up to 9 mm. long, rather persistent, pilose, spreading; leaf-rhachis sometimes sparsely aculeate on lower side, sparsely pilose on upper surface, 10–22 cm. long; leaflets in 20–30 pairs, up to 24 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous, pale green above, purplish beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Racemes 2–12-flowered, almost glabrous, the rhachis up to 11 cm. long, including a peduncle of up to 3.5 cm. which is always covered with flat hooked prickles at the base; bracts narrowly lanceolate, spreading, up to 4 mm. long, usually persisting till after the corolla has fallen off; pedicels up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Receptacle 1.5 mm., calyx-tube 3 mm., teeth acuminate, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Blade of standard 7–10 mm. long, 9–13 mm. wide; appendages gently rounded, up to 0.5 mm. wide; claw 4 mm. long; blade of wing 8–10 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, toothed but hardly hooked at the base; claw 4 mm. long; blade of keel 5–6 mm. long, 3 mm. wide at the base, 7 mm. near the apex; basal tooth at an angle of 20°–30° with the 5–6 mm. long claw. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Filament-sheath 7–9 mm., free parts 3–4 mm., anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Ovary slightly winged, glabrous, 15–25-ovulate; style pubescent except at the base, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Pod slightly curved, 12–16 cm. long, including a beak of 6–7 mm. and a stipe of 8–9 mm., the sutures expanded into 4 wings each 4–6 mm. wide (fig. 49/14, p. 332), 15–20-seeded; pod, apart from wings, 5 mm. wide, 3 mm. thick; septa 6–8 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000178631 morphology AB6B9125-8F80-40CE-9351-0C687EA1096B Seeds yellow, not mottled, rounded-oblong, 4.5 × 3 × 2 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518548-1 wfo-0000173979 morphology 1411ADFB-00F3-4B7D-8539-68DCFE820ED3 Erect annual herb, branched at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472936-1 wfo-0000173979 morphology 1411ADFB-00F3-4B7D-8539-68DCFE820ED3 Stems graceful, together with leaf- and inflorescence-rhachides sparsely bristly-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472936-1 wfo-0000173979 morphology 1411ADFB-00F3-4B7D-8539-68DCFE820ED3 Leaves 10–30-foliolate; leaflets linear-oblong, small, subtruncate and mucronate at the apex; petiole very short; stipules lanceolate, 3–4 times as long as the petioles, cuspidate, striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472936-1 wfo-0000173979 morphology 1411ADFB-00F3-4B7D-8539-68DCFE820ED3 Inflorescences axillary, graceful, few-flowered, 2–3 times as long as the leaves; pedicels bristly-hairy, 3–5 times as long as the glabrous calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472936-1 wfo-0000173979 morphology 1411ADFB-00F3-4B7D-8539-68DCFE820ED3 Corolla minute, twice as long as the calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472936-1 wfo-0000173979 morphology 1411ADFB-00F3-4B7D-8539-68DCFE820ED3 Pods of 1 or 2 articles, each semicircular, with bristly hairy margins and glabrous but papillate faces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472936-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Diffuse annual trailing herb ± 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Stems slender, glabrous or almost so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Leaves 4–16-foliolate; leaflets oblong-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, narrowly oblong or obovate-obcuneate, 2.5–11 mm. long, 1–2.7 mm. wide, rounded to slightly emarginate at the apex, narrowed to an obliquely rounded base, glabrous; main nerve ± central; petiole and rhachis together 0.5–1.5 cm. long, produced as a bristle; petiolules 0.3 mm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4–8 mm. long, ± 1 mm. wide, acuminate, shortly appendaged on one side at the base, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Inflorescences axillary, few–several-flowered; rhachis 1–4 cm. long; peduncle obsolete; pedicels filiform, 0.6–1.3 cm. long, glabrous; bracts in threes as in previous species, 2–3 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, persistent; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1–2 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, glabrous, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Calyx glabrous, 2-lipped, the lips oblong or elliptic, 3–4.5 mm. long, 1–1.5(–2) mm. wide, one slightly emarginate, the other minutely 3-toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Standard dark orange-yellow, spathulate, 6–7 mm. long, 4 mm. wide above, 1 mm. wide below; wings and keel-petals yellow, the latter not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173711 morphology 05C37C16-7DB4-45FD-BD58-95E6CD3E8EDB Actual pods unknown but developing underground, the stipe accrescent, 1.5–8 cm. long at least. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472853-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Erect very glandular subshrubby herb, 10–35 cm. tall, with several shoots from a woody rootstock, mostly flowering after burns, or a woody trailer or climber 0.5–1 m. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Stems covered with short tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Leaves 6–12-foliolate; leaflets elliptic or oblong, 0.6–2.4 cm. long, 0.35–1.2 cm. wide, emarginate or rounded and usually mucronate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous, or pubescent on midvein beneath, ciliate; main nerve noticeably oblique, curved; petiole and rhachis 1.5–5 cm. long, pubescent with short tubercular-based hairs; petiolules ± 1 mm. long; stipules oblong or elliptic, 0.7–1.5 cm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, bilaterally appendaged at the base, leafy, glabrescent, ciliate, nervose, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Inflorescences axillary, several-flowered; rhachis 3.5 cm. long; peduncle 3.5–4 cm. long; pedicels 3–6 mm. long, pubescent; bracts 2-lobed, persistent, the lobes elliptic, 3–6 mm. long, 0.8–2.5 mm. wide; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000068441 morphology AA69B824-E38C-4FF1-BED5-B5F3ED6374D4 Capitula numerous in compound corymbiform cymes; involucre 4-5 mm long; phyllaries in 3-4 series, the outer and median linear or lanceolate, attenuate, recurving, inner lanceolate to oblong, 4-5 mm long, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259478-1 wfo-0000068441 morphology AA69B824-E38C-4FF1-BED5-B5F3ED6374D4 Corolla pale mauve or purple, fading to white when old, 6.5-8 mm long, lobes 2.2-2.3 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259478-1 wfo-0000068441 morphology AA69B824-E38C-4FF1-BED5-B5F3ED6374D4 Achenes 1.7-2 mm long, 4-angled, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus 0.2-0.3 mm long, inner pappus 5-5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259478-1 wfo-0000000587 morphology 76D7F588-0053-4605-9E90-FF5B55241ED3 Shrub or woody herb 1-4 m tall; in regularly burned areas with annual shoots from a thickened perennating root to 3 cm in diameter; stems pale or reddish brown, glandular, minutely ascending-pubescent with T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259528-1 wfo-0000000587 morphology 76D7F588-0053-4605-9E90-FF5B55241ED3 Leaves petiolate or sessile, ovate or elliptic, 3-15 cm long, 1.8-7 cm wide, base rounded to cuneate and decurrent on to petiole or petioloid base, margins sinuate-serrate, apex shortly and obtusely acuminate, apiculate, thinly pubescent above and more strongly so beneath, ± glabrescent; petiole up to 1.8 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259528-1 wfo-0000000587 morphology 76D7F588-0053-4605-9E90-FF5B55241ED3 Capitula usually numerous in copious compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 1-8 mm, densely tomentose; involucre obconical, somewhat spreading, 3-5 mm long; phyllaries 4-8-seriate, elliptic to (broadly) ovate, obtuse, minutely apiculate, finely pubescent, 1.5-4.3 mm long, with glandular apex, becoming caducous, the innermost falling first. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259528-1 wfo-0000000587 morphology 76D7F588-0053-4605-9E90-FF5B55241ED3 Florets 4-9 per capitulum; corolla mauve, pale lilac or rarely white, 4-7 mm long, lobes 1.3-2 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259528-1 wfo-0000000587 morphology 76D7F588-0053-4605-9E90-FF5B55241ED3 Achenes 1.5-2.1 mm long, minutely glandular, glabrous or almost so, 4-7-ribbed, carpopodium large; outer pappus of narrow scales 0.5-0.8 mm long, inner pappus whitish, 3.2-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259528-1 wfo-0000075606 morphology 9D4F6332-FE66-4A81-80B4-92AD9DF73347 Erect or ± scrambling or scandent weakly woody shrub or rarely small tree 1.5-6 m tall, stems finely shortly crispate-pubescent with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs or subsimple hairs, sometimes densely so; older stems with dark grey-brown conspicuously lenticellate bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257973-1 wfo-0000075606 morphology 9D4F6332-FE66-4A81-80B4-92AD9DF73347 Leaves petiolate, ovate or elliptic, 3-17 cm long, 1.2-8 cm wide, base cuneate or sometimes rounded to subtruncate and shortly decurrent on to the petiole, margins obscurely sinuate-denticulate to coarsely serrate, apex shortly acuminate or acuminate-attenuate, apiculate, thinly minutely pubescent or scattered-puberulous and ± glabrescent above, finely shortly crispate-pubescent especially on veins beneath, aromatic; petiole 0.2-2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257973-1 wfo-0000075606 morphology 9D4F6332-FE66-4A81-80B4-92AD9DF73347 Capitula numerous in dense terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymose clusters; stalks of individual capitula 2-3 mm, densely crispate-pubescent; involucre campanulate, 1.5-3 mm; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, (narrowly) ovate, acute, inner obtuse to acute, apiculate, 1.9-5 mm long, shortly finely pubescent at least in upper part and ciliate on the margins, green, often purplish-tinged at apex and along margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257973-1 wfo-0000075606 morphology 9D4F6332-FE66-4A81-80B4-92AD9DF73347 Corolla purple, mauve or lilac, or (in many Tanzanian specimens) white, sweetly scented, 5-8.5 mm long, lobes 1.5-2.2 mm long, glabrous or with a few slender crispate hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257973-1 wfo-0000075606 morphology 9D4F6332-FE66-4A81-80B4-92AD9DF73347 Achenes obpyramidal, 1.7-2.6 mm long, 4-6-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent at least on ribs; outer pappus of narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate laciniate scales 0.2-1.3 mm long, inner pappus reddish brown, pink, or mauve, or (in many Tanzanian specimens) white or cream, 3.5-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257973-1 wfo-0000080078 morphology BD70E80B-D6DE-4E31-BB34-DB87F14910EB Woody perennial herb or weak shrub 1.2-3 m tall; stems single or several from a short rootstock (this to 5 cm in diameter); branches glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259523-1 wfo-0000080078 morphology BD70E80B-D6DE-4E31-BB34-DB87F14910EB Leaves sessile or sometimes shortly petiolate, narrowly elliptic to slightly obovate, 11-40 cm long, 1.5-15 cm wide (basal leaves large, leaves near inflorescence narrow and shorter), narrowing towards the expanded, semi-amplexicaul and somewhat auriculate base, margins serrate, apex acuminate, apiculate, glabrous or somewhat scabrid above, glabrescent beneath, said to drop at flowering time. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259523-1 wfo-0000080078 morphology BD70E80B-D6DE-4E31-BB34-DB87F14910EB Capitula in copious compound terminal thyrses, the whole inflorescence to 60 cm across; stalks of individual capitula pubescent; involucre narrowly cylindrical or narrowly urceolate-cylindrical, 5-8 mm long; phyllaries 6-7-seriate, appressed, green in lower part, dark green medially in upper part, (broadly) elliptic to subcircular, obtuse to rounded, minutely apiculate, the inner occasionally acute, 5-7.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259523-1 wfo-0000080078 morphology BD70E80B-D6DE-4E31-BB34-DB87F14910EB Florets 5-10 per capitulum; corolla pale to deep mauve, lilac or pinkish, sweetly scented, 5.5-9 mm long, lobes 1.7-2.5 mm long, glabrous but papillate distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259523-1 wfo-0000080078 morphology BD70E80B-D6DE-4E31-BB34-DB87F14910EB Achene 3-4 mm long (fide Lisowski), 10-sided, densely ascending-sericeous, glandular; outer pappus of narrow scales 0.5-1.5 mm long, inner pappus white or straw-coloured, 6-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259523-1 wfo-0000012977 morphology EBA548F5-1972-4D4A-AAC9-BCC54E343005 Woody perennial herb or weak shrub about 3 m tall; stems thinly pubescent with asymmetrical T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258583-1 wfo-0000012977 morphology EBA548F5-1972-4D4A-AAC9-BCC54E343005 Leaves shortly petiolate or sessile, narrowly elliptic, 5-22 cm long, 0.8-3 cm wide, narrowing towards the expanded-auriculate base but often with a short petiole to 5 mm, margins serrate, apex acuminate, somewhat coriaceous, somewhat scabrid and glabrescent above, densely pale tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258583-1 wfo-0000012977 morphology EBA548F5-1972-4D4A-AAC9-BCC54E343005 Capitula in elongated compound terminal thyrses; stalks of individual capitula pubescent; involucre cylindrical, 6.5-8 mm long; phyllaries 5-seriate, green in lower part, dark green medially in upper part, thinly floccose when young, broadly ovate, rounded, the inner oblong, minutely apiculate, 6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258583-1 wfo-0000012977 morphology EBA548F5-1972-4D4A-AAC9-BCC54E343005 Florets ± 7 per capitulum; corolla mauve, 9.5 mm long, lobes 2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258583-1 wfo-0000012977 morphology EBA548F5-1972-4D4A-AAC9-BCC54E343005 Achenes (immature) densely ascending-villous; outer pappus 1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258583-1 wfo-0000082168 morphology C027707F-09BD-4542-A9B7-03E7C8F81553 Shrub or small tree, sometimes a woody herb, 1.5-6 m tall; stems few to many, branches lax, at first densely crispate-tomentose with simple or incipiently asymmetrically T-shaped hairs, granulose-glandular, later developing projecting lenticels and grey bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258896-1 wfo-0000082168 morphology C027707F-09BD-4542-A9B7-03E7C8F81553 Leaves petiolate or especially the upper sessile, elliptic or ovate, 11-50 cm long, 2.5-23 cm wide, base cordate or rarely rounded, sometimes attenuate in sessile leaves, margins serrate or coarsely so with apiculate teeth, apex acute (rarely obtuse), thinly shortly pubescent and glabrescent above, thinly pubescent to densely whitish-tomentose beneath; petioles up to 8 cm long, sometimes with a narrow wing, often with suborbicular auricles at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258896-1 wfo-0000082168 morphology C027707F-09BD-4542-A9B7-03E7C8F81553 Capitula numerous in very large compound thyrsoid cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely tomentose; involucre narrowly ovoid-cylindrical or narrowly cylindrical, 3.5-7 mm long; phyllaries 3-6-seriate, appressed but later spreading and the inner becoming caducous, green, ± pubescent, the inner sometimes tinged purplish at the apex, ovate, broadly ovate or elliptic, subacute or rounded, minutely apiculate, the inner acute to obtuse, 4-6.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258896-1 wfo-0000082168 morphology C027707F-09BD-4542-A9B7-03E7C8F81553 Florets 2-6 per capitulum; corolla scented, mauve or purplish, fading to white when old, 6-10 mm long, lobes 2-3 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258896-1 wfo-0000082168 morphology C027707F-09BD-4542-A9B7-03E7C8F81553 Achenes subcylindric, 2.5-4.3 mm long, strongly 10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent or glabrous except at the base; outer pappus of inconspicuous narrow scales 0.2-1.7 mm long, inner pappus white, 5-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258896-1 wfo-0000082168 morphology C027707F-09BD-4542-A9B7-03E7C8F81553 Fig. 41/6-8, p. 197. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258896-1 wfo-0000093307 morphology 3C546CB2-66E1-4D67-8229-7ADC39695B31 Shrub, small tree or woody herb 1-7.5 m high; stems branching from low down, at first crispate-tomentose with brownish hairs; bark smooth, grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257898-1 wfo-0000093307 morphology 3C546CB2-66E1-4D67-8229-7ADC39695B31 Leaves petiolate or especially the upper sessile, elliptic or narrowly obovate to ovate, 10-45 cm long, 3-23 cm wide, attenuate towards the rounded, truncate or cordate base, margins serrate, apex acute or shortly acuminate, dull green and thinly finely pubesent mainly on veins and ± glabrescent above, whitish with often ± floccose tomentum beneath; petiole up to 7.5 cm long, auriculate or less often exauriculate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257898-1 wfo-0000093307 morphology 3C546CB2-66E1-4D67-8229-7ADC39695B31 Capitula numerous in very copious terminal compound thyrsoid cymes, the whole inflorescence to 150 cm in diameter; involucre very narrowly cylindrical, 4-6 mm long; phyllaries 6-7-seriate, appressed, green, especially the inner often tinged purplish in the upper part, (broadly) ovate or elliptic, obtuse to rounded, minutely apiculate, the inner elliptic, usually acute, 4-6 mm long, eventually the innermost caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257898-1 wfo-0000093307 morphology 3C546CB2-66E1-4D67-8229-7ADC39695B31 Florets 1 per capitulum; corolla scented, mauve, lilac or purplish, fading to white with maturity, 6.3-9 mm long, lobes 2-3 mm long, glabrous but for the throat. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257898-1 wfo-0000093307 morphology 3C546CB2-66E1-4D67-8229-7ADC39695B31 Achenes 3.2-4 mm long, strongly 8-10-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent to almost glabrescent except at the apex; outer pappus of narrow scales 0.3-1.5 mm long, inner pappus white, 5-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257898-1 wfo-0000113908 morphology 1F57C77C-2BD7-418E-AA89-72865B7B19D0 Tree 6-13.5 m tall, with the habit of a Neoboutonia (fide Eggeling); young stems pubescent with T-shaped and simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258135-1 wfo-0000113908 morphology 1F57C77C-2BD7-418E-AA89-72865B7B19D0 Leaves in a distal tuft, petiolate, elliptic to obovate, 10-90 cm long, 8-26 cm wide, base cuneate-attenuate, margins sinuate, apex acute, glabrous or nearly so above, densely tomentose beneath; petiole slightly expanded and semi-amplexicaul but exauriculate at the base, 2.5-7.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258135-1 wfo-0000113908 morphology 1F57C77C-2BD7-418E-AA89-72865B7B19D0 Capitula very numerous, subsessile in very large erect terminal paniculoid thyrses up to about 100 cm long; involucre campanulate, 5-8 mm long; phyllaries 4-8-seriate, the outer and median short, ovate to lanceolate, obtuse, the inner much longer, oblong, obtuse, 4-7.5 mm long, becoming caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258135-1 wfo-0000113908 morphology 1F57C77C-2BD7-418E-AA89-72865B7B19D0 Florets 10-18 per capitulum; corolla white, 5-6 mm long, lobes 2 mm long, apically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258135-1 wfo-0000113908 morphology 1F57C77C-2BD7-418E-AA89-72865B7B19D0 Achenes 3.3-3.5 mm long, strongly 8-10-ribbed, glabrous; outer pappus of narrow scales 0.5-1.5 mm long, inner pappus white, 5.5-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258135-1 wfo-0000090202 morphology BCC4B22C-31BE-461B-BC02-CB5360A4E46C Deciduous shrub 0.15-4 m high, usually leafless when flowering; rootstock woody; stems green and shortly pubescent with T-shaped hairs, becoming purplish grey with pale lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259491-1 wfo-0000090202 morphology BCC4B22C-31BE-461B-BC02-CB5360A4E46C Leaves appearing after the flowers, petiolate, narrowly elliptic to obovate, to 8.5 cm long, to 3 cm wide, base cuneate, margins subentire or distally slightly serrate, apex acute or obtuse, subglabrous above, sparsely pubescent but glabrescent beneath; petiole 0.2-1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259491-1 wfo-0000090202 morphology BCC4B22C-31BE-461B-BC02-CB5360A4E46C Capitula in numerous corymbiform cymes, on numerous abbreviated shoots axillary to previous year’s leaves; involucre obconic, 3-6 mm long; phyllaries in few series, with raised purple midrib, elliptic or lanceolate, rounded and mucronate or obtuse, scarious, thinly pubescent where exposed and ciliate and densely glandular distally, becoming caducous, 2.7-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259491-1 wfo-0000090202 morphology BCC4B22C-31BE-461B-BC02-CB5360A4E46C Florets 9-17 per capitulum; corolla purple or mauve, 6-8 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259491-1 wfo-0000090202 morphology BCC4B22C-31BE-461B-BC02-CB5360A4E46C Achenes tapering to base, 3-4 mm long, 8-10-ribbed, puberulous and glandular; outer pappus of scale-like setae 0.8 mm long, inner pappus white, 5-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259491-1 wfo-0000090202 morphology BCC4B22C-31BE-461B-BC02-CB5360A4E46C Fig. 41/1-3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259491-1 wfo-0000095907 morphology BF481701-7A99-4D24-B6DC-1EA2B2AC09F8 Deciduous shrub 1-2 m tall, leafless or with young leaves at time of flowering; rootstock woody; stems purplish, when young pubescent with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258418-1 wfo-0000095907 morphology BF481701-7A99-4D24-B6DC-1EA2B2AC09F8 Leaves subsessile, obovate or elliptic, 3.7-9 cm long, 1.5-4.5 cm wide, base cuneate with a short petioloid base, margins subentire to coarsely serrate (in mature leaves), apex acute or obtuse, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with T-shaped crisped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258418-1 wfo-0000095907 morphology BF481701-7A99-4D24-B6DC-1EA2B2AC09F8 Capitula in corymbiform cymes on numerous abbreviated shoots axillary to previous year’s leaves, or to current young leaves; involucre ovoid-cylindrical, 4-5 mm long; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, pale green with raised purple midrib, erect, appressed, later spreading and becoming caducous, elliptic, obovate or ovate, acute, the inner obtuse to rounded, shortly acuminate-apiculate, 3.5-5.2 mm long, thinly puberulous where exposed, distally glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258418-1 wfo-0000095907 morphology BF481701-7A99-4D24-B6DC-1EA2B2AC09F8 Corolla white or white tinged mauve, 6-7.3 mm long, lobes 1.2-1.8 mm long, glabrous or with short marginal hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258418-1 wfo-0000095907 morphology BF481701-7A99-4D24-B6DC-1EA2B2AC09F8 Achenes 3.4 mm long, 5-ribbed, glabrous, glandular; carpopodium large; outer pappus 1-1.3 mm long, inner pappus white, 5.5-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258418-1 wfo-0000095907 morphology BF481701-7A99-4D24-B6DC-1EA2B2AC09F8 Fig. 41/4-5, p. 197. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258418-1 wfo-0000020192 morphology CE9DFB5A-5456-4EC5-AC44-3F966DF1DA0C Perennial herb 0.9-3 m tall; stems finely tomentose with short T-shaped and asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934992-1 wfo-0000020192 morphology CE9DFB5A-5456-4EC5-AC44-3F966DF1DA0C Leaves sessile, elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, 6-18 cm long, 1.5-7 cm wide, the median cauline larger than the upper and lower, cuneate or cuneate-attenuate into a petioloid base, slightly sinuate-denticulate with apiculate teeth, obtuse, apiculate, shortly scabrid above, finely tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934992-1 wfo-0000020192 morphology CE9DFB5A-5456-4EC5-AC44-3F966DF1DA0C Capitula in large terminal long-stalked compound corymbiform scorpioid cymose clusters; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent; involucre obconical, 9-13 mm long; phyllaries in several series, ovate or narrowly ovate, acute to attenuate, finely densely spreading-pubescent and purplish on upper margins, the inner 10-12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934992-1 wfo-0000020192 morphology CE9DFB5A-5456-4EC5-AC44-3F966DF1DA0C Corolla lilac, 10.5 mm long, lobes 2.5 mm long, with a few small ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934992-1 wfo-0000020192 morphology CE9DFB5A-5456-4EC5-AC44-3F966DF1DA0C Achenes (immature) glabrous or shortly ascending-pubescent, 4-ribbed; outer pappus of small fimbriate scales 0.4-0.6 mm long, inner pappus white or with a slight purplish tinge, 7.5-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934992-1 wfo-0000074091 morphology 2E9FB334-3F3B-4839-BE83-ECDB252AA1B2 Perennial herb or weak subshrub with several stiffly erect, tough stems arising from the small woody rootstock, unbranched except in the upper part; stems often tinged with purple, densely crispate-pubescent with ± asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258611-1 wfo-0000074091 morphology 2E9FB334-3F3B-4839-BE83-ECDB252AA1B2 Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, ovate or elliptic, 2.5-15 cm long, 0.8-7 cm wide, base cuneate or rounded, sometimes attenuate, margins obscurely to evidently crenate, apiculate-denticulate or serrate, apex acute, green and (sparsely) scabrid above, pale greyish or whitish green and shortly crispate-pubescent to densely tomentose beneath; petiole up to 1.6 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258611-1 wfo-0000074091 morphology 2E9FB334-3F3B-4839-BE83-ECDB252AA1B2 Capitula usually numerous in dense and copious compound terminal and upper axillary scorpioid cymes; involucre ovoid to obconic-cylindrical, 4-8 mm long; phyllaries 3-5-seriate, especially the inner purple-tinged especially on margins and towards apex, ovate, inner often elliptic, acute to obtuse, ± apiculate, sometimes recurving, the inner 3-7.3 mm long, pubescent and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258611-1 wfo-0000074091 morphology 2E9FB334-3F3B-4839-BE83-ECDB252AA1B2 Corolla purple or mauve, 4.5-9 mm long, lobes 1.2-3 mm long, glabrous or with a few long fine subapical hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258611-1 wfo-0000074091 morphology 2E9FB334-3F3B-4839-BE83-ECDB252AA1B2 Achenes 2-3 mm long, 4-5-ribbed, shortly sparsely ascending-pubescent to glabrous, glandular; outer pappus of narrow oblong-lanceolate laciniate scales, 0.2-0.8 mm long, inner pappus white, 3.5-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258611-1 wfo-0000098029 morphology C2CA5922-EB0D-4EDD-BB31-B465BE3F7315 Erect herb 0.9-1.2 m tall (to 4 m fide Kalanda & Lisowski); stems densely closely tomentose with ± unequally T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259577-1 wfo-0000098029 morphology C2CA5922-EB0D-4EDD-BB31-B465BE3F7315 Leaves sessile, ovate to lanceolate, 5.5-23 cm long, 1.6-7 cm wide, base rounded to cuneate-attenuate, margins obscurely sinuate-serrate with apiculate teeth especially towards the apex, apex shortly and obscurely acuminate, apiculate, sparsely pubescent or hispid above, densely tomentose or arachnoid-pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259577-1 wfo-0000098029 morphology C2CA5922-EB0D-4EDD-BB31-B465BE3F7315 Capitula in sometimes copious terminal scorpioid cymes, stalks of individual capitula densely tomentose; involucre turbinate, 8-11 mm long, 7-10 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 4-6-seriate, grey-tomentose except at purplish-tinged apex, lanceolate, shortly pungent, the inner to 7 mm long, with a few fine subapical hairs or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259577-1 wfo-0000098029 morphology C2CA5922-EB0D-4EDD-BB31-B465BE3F7315 Corolla purple, tube infundibuliform, 3-3.5 mm long, lobes 1.5-1.8 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, with sparse hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259577-1 wfo-0000098029 morphology C2CA5922-EB0D-4EDD-BB31-B465BE3F7315 Achenes 2.5-3.3 mm long, 4-5-ribbed, shortly and sparsely ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of lanceolate scales 0.5-1 mm long, inner pappus usually white, 5.5-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259577-1 wfo-0000023324 morphology AC722E49-10E8-41C5-BA65-2F6EA6FAFA3F Erect to ± scandent woody herb or shrub 1.2-3 m tall; stems densely tomentose with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258527-1 wfo-0000023324 morphology AC722E49-10E8-41C5-BA65-2F6EA6FAFA3F Leaves sessile or petiolate, lanceolate to slightly obovate, 3-8.5 cm long, 1-3.8 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins obscurely to coarsely obtusely sinuate-serrate distally, apex obtuse to subacute, minutely apiculate, thinly pubescent above, pubescent and glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258527-1 wfo-0000023324 morphology AC722E49-10E8-41C5-BA65-2F6EA6FAFA3F Capitula numerous in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula rather slender, densely appressed-tomentose; involucre campanulate, 2-3.5 mm long; phyllaries in few series, pale green, distally with purplish margins and midrib, obovate, obtuse to rounded, obscurely apiculate, 0.7-3.2 mm long, pale tomentellous, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258527-1 wfo-0000023324 morphology AC722E49-10E8-41C5-BA65-2F6EA6FAFA3F Flowers sweetly scented; corolla purple, mauve or blue, 6-7 mm long, tube narrowly infundibuliform, 4.5-5 mm long, lobes 2-2.5 mm long, glabrous, sparsely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258527-1 wfo-0000023324 morphology AC722E49-10E8-41C5-BA65-2F6EA6FAFA3F Achenes 2.2-2.6 mm long, 5-6-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow laciniate scales or flattened bristles, 0.5-1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 4.5-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258527-1 wfo-0000090040 morphology BABC255D-5B2E-4CC7-9F23-85D974910DC3 Woody herb or shrub 0.4-2 m tall, much-branched; stems brittle, at first white-tomentose with short T-shaped hairs, when older with a blackish bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258103-1 wfo-0000090040 morphology BABC255D-5B2E-4CC7-9F23-85D974910DC3 Leaves sessile, somewhat grey-green, obovate to spatulate, 1-2(-4) cm long, 0.3-1.2(-1.8) cm wide, base attenuate or cuneate, margins subentire or crenate-denticulate, apex obtuse or rounded, almost glabrous above, finely pubescent and glabrescent beneath, with sunken glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258103-1 wfo-0000090040 morphology BABC255D-5B2E-4CC7-9F23-85D974910DC3 Capitula in small lax divaricate terminal corymbiform scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely appressed-pubescent; involucre broadly ellipsoid-cylindrical to urceolate-campanulate, 3-4.5 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, green or greyish with purple-brown tips, ovate to lanceolate, acute to obtuse, ± apiculate, finely ascending-pubescent, the inner 2.7-4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258103-1 wfo-0000090040 morphology BABC255D-5B2E-4CC7-9F23-85D974910DC3 Corolla deep purple to mauve, 4.6-6.5 mm long, tube narrowly infundibuliform, 3.5-4.3 mm long, lobes 1-1.2 mm long, glabrous or with a few slender subapical hairs, sparsely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258103-1 wfo-0000090040 morphology BABC255D-5B2E-4CC7-9F23-85D974910DC3 Achenes 2-3.2 mm long, strongly 5-10-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of very narrow scales, 0.4-1 mm long, inner pappus white, 3-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258103-1 wfo-0000015105 morphology B6A7DDF8-DE69-4714-828E-6AC1CF4C7EE1 Woody herb or shub 0.9-4.5 m high, much-branched, with several virgate stems; branches at first densely white-tomentose with short T-shaped hairs, older stems with rough grey longitudinally fissured bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934993-1 wfo-0000015105 morphology B6A7DDF8-DE69-4714-828E-6AC1CF4C7EE1 Leaves aromatic, grey-green, obovate, 0.8-4 cm long, 0.3-1.7 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins obscurely sinuate-denticulate in upper part, apex rounded, apiculate, finely shortly pubescent, densely glandular with sunken glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934993-1 wfo-0000015105 morphology B6A7DDF8-DE69-4714-828E-6AC1CF4C7EE1 Capitula numerous in rather dense compound corymbiform cymes; involucre cylindrical to obconic, 3-5 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 4-seriate, pale green, darker green centrally towards the apex, ovate to elliptic, 1-4.7 mm long, obtuse or the inner sometimes acute, apiculate, ciliate on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934993-1 wfo-0000015105 morphology B6A7DDF8-DE69-4714-828E-6AC1CF4C7EE1 Flowers fragrant; corolla white, tube 3.9-4.7 mm long, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934993-1 wfo-0000015105 morphology B6A7DDF8-DE69-4714-828E-6AC1CF4C7EE1 Achenes strongly 4-6-ribbed, 2-2.9 mm long, short ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrowly lanceolate laciniate scales, 0.5-1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 3.5-5.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934993-1 wfo-0000087797 morphology 6FF061A8-0E70-42EA-B077-75ABC9EB8ED4 Erect perennial herb 35 cm tall; stems inconspicuously appressed-pubescent with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934994-1 wfo-0000087797 morphology 6FF061A8-0E70-42EA-B077-75ABC9EB8ED4 Leaves sessile, oblong or slightly obovate, 2-4.4 cm long, 0.3-1 cm wide, cuneate-attenuate into a petioloid base, margins entire, apex obtuse, apiculate, sparsely inconspicuously pubescent, glabrescent, densely glandular with sunken glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934994-1 wfo-0000087797 morphology 6FF061A8-0E70-42EA-B077-75ABC9EB8ED4 Capitula few in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly ascending-pubescent; involucre 7-9 mm long, 5-7 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, lanceolate, acute, 2-6.6 mm long, sparsely pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934994-1 wfo-0000087797 morphology 6FF061A8-0E70-42EA-B077-75ABC9EB8ED4 Corolla purple, 8 mm long, tube subcylindrical, lobes 2.2 mm long, pubescent with slender appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934994-1 wfo-0000087797 morphology 6FF061A8-0E70-42EA-B077-75ABC9EB8ED4 Achene (immature) ascending-pubescent, especially on ribs; outer pappus of narrow lanceolate laciniate scales, 1 mm long, inner pappus white, 5-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934994-1 wfo-0000139355 morphology 552F39DE-CDB7-4F99-BE21-E201E43D96BC Erect herb 20-60 cm tall, from a creeping rootstock; stems pubescent with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934995-1 wfo-0000139355 morphology 552F39DE-CDB7-4F99-BE21-E201E43D96BC Leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate, 2.2-6 cm long, 0.3-0.9 cm wide, base cuneate, usually few-dentate towards the base, obtuse or acute, apiculate, pubescent, glabrescent, densely glandular with sunken glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934995-1 wfo-0000139355 morphology 552F39DE-CDB7-4F99-BE21-E201E43D96BC Capitula in lax terminal few-headed cymes; involucre 6.5-8 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, purplish at the apices, lanceolate, 2-6.5 mm long, acuminate, ascending-pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934995-1 wfo-0000139355 morphology 552F39DE-CDB7-4F99-BE21-E201E43D96BC Corolla white, lilac or purple, tube 5-5.5 mm long, lobes 1.3-2 mm long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934995-1 wfo-0000139355 morphology 552F39DE-CDB7-4F99-BE21-E201E43D96BC Achenes 2.6-3 mm long, obscurely 5-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales, 0.7 mm long, inner pappus white, 5-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934995-1 wfo-0000122581 morphology 073FCF89-5D9F-4BC1-96DC-CF2710A97937 Herb with several erect annual stems 10-80 cm tall arising from a perennial woody rootstock; stems usually unbranched, pubescent with closely appressed T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935014-1 wfo-0000122581 morphology 073FCF89-5D9F-4BC1-96DC-CF2710A97937 Leaves sessile, linear to lanceolate, 1.5-5 cm long, 0.1-1.3 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acute to obtuse, apiculate, green and thinly pubescent to glabrous above, silvery with dense sericeous tomentum beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935014-1 wfo-0000122581 morphology 073FCF89-5D9F-4BC1-96DC-CF2710A97937 Capitula few to rather numerous in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre 4-6 mm long; phyllaries in few series, purplish or with pale margins and a purplish apex, lanceolate, 2-6 mm long, acute or apiculate to aristate, white-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935014-1 wfo-0000122581 morphology 073FCF89-5D9F-4BC1-96DC-CF2710A97937 Corolla mauve to purple, tube 4.5-6 mm long, lobes 2-3(-4.5) mm long, sometimes unequal, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935014-1 wfo-0000122581 morphology 073FCF89-5D9F-4BC1-96DC-CF2710A97937 Achenes subcylindric, 2.5-3 mm long, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of very narrow scales 0.4-1 mm long, inner pappus 3.5-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935014-1 wfo-0000122581 morphology 073FCF89-5D9F-4BC1-96DC-CF2710A97937 Fig. 37/1-2, p. 164; 42/12-13, p. 206. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935014-1 wfo-0000031399 morphology 88CB21DA-74F9-465F-9E2C-F9979AEF5F6D Herb with several erect annual stems 20-90 cm tall arising from a perennial woody rootstock; rootstock said to creep and send up shoots at intervals of up to 1 m; stems usually unbranched, erect, densely tomentose with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259393-1 wfo-0000031399 morphology 88CB21DA-74F9-465F-9E2C-F9979AEF5F6D Leaves sessile or subsessile, green above, silvery beneath, silvery on both surfaces in very young leaves, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or slightly (ob-)ovate, 2-9 cm long, 0.3-2(-3) cm wide, base attenuate to cuneate, margins entire, apex acute or attenuate, sometimes obtuse and apiculate, finely pubescent and ± glabrescent above, with dense appressed tomentum beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259393-1 wfo-0000031399 morphology 88CB21DA-74F9-465F-9E2C-F9979AEF5F6D Capitula in terminal and upper axillary rather congested or open compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely appressed-tomentose; involucre campanulate, 3-5 mm long, 2-3.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, grey-green with purplish tips, lanceolate or ovate, 2-5.2 mm long, acute to obtuse and somewhat fimbriate, tomentose except for the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259393-1 wfo-0000031399 morphology 88CB21DA-74F9-465F-9E2C-F9979AEF5F6D Florets ± 25 per capitulum; corolla mauve to purple, 5-8.5 mm long, lobes 1.5-3 mm long, pubescent with long fine hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259393-1 wfo-0000031399 morphology 88CB21DA-74F9-465F-9E2C-F9979AEF5F6D Achenes turbinate, 1.8-2.2 mm long, obscurely 5-ribbed (8-10-ribbed fide Lisowski), densely ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of very narrow scales 0.4-1 mm long, inner pappus white, 4-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259393-1 wfo-0000131393 morphology 8C5C046F-BA5D-4EC3-A560-9895644DC26F Herb with several erect annual stems 40-75 cm high arising from a perennial woody rootstock; stems solitary or several, usually unbranched, appressed-pubescent with short-stalked long-armed T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258024-1 wfo-0000131393 morphology 8C5C046F-BA5D-4EC3-A560-9895644DC26F Leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate to elliptic, 2-9.5 cm long, 0.3-1.4 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire and sometimes revolute, apex attenuate, green and glabrescent above, silvery-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258024-1 wfo-0000131393 morphology 8C5C046F-BA5D-4EC3-A560-9895644DC26F Capitula many in lax or less often fairly dense corymbiform cymes; involucre shortly cylindrical, 2.5-4 mm long; phyllaries pale green, purplish at apex, lanceolate, acute to apiculate, 2.3-3.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258024-1 wfo-0000131393 morphology 8C5C046F-BA5D-4EC3-A560-9895644DC26F Corolla mauve or purple, 5-6.7 mm long, lobes 2-2.3 mm long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258024-1 wfo-0000131393 morphology 8C5C046F-BA5D-4EC3-A560-9895644DC26F Achenes turbinate to cylindric, 1.5-2 mm long, densely pubescent; outer pappus ± 1 mm long, inner pappus white, 4-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258024-1 wfo-0000131393 morphology 8C5C046F-BA5D-4EC3-A560-9895644DC26F Fig. 42/10-11, p. 206. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258024-1 wfo-0000024232 morphology 951A1054-410C-44C4-BF08-5E3187830E14 Perennial herb; stems erect, 0.6-2.5 m tall, annual from a perennial rootstock, unbranched except for the inflorescence, pubescent with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259590-1 wfo-0000024232 morphology 951A1054-410C-44C4-BF08-5E3187830E14 Leaves rather crowded, sessile or shortly stalked, ascending, lanceolate to ovate, 1.5-5.5 cm long, 0.3-2.8 cm wide, base cuneate or rarely rounded, margins serrate-denticulate, apex acute to obtuse, apiculate, scabrid on both surfaces, glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259590-1 wfo-0000024232 morphology 951A1054-410C-44C4-BF08-5E3187830E14 Capitula many in lax spreading terminal and upper axillary compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula pubescent; involucre campanulate, 3.5-5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, dark on midrib in upper part and at the tips, lanceolate, 1.5-4.5 mm long, acute to apiculate, shortly finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259590-1 wfo-0000024232 morphology 951A1054-410C-44C4-BF08-5E3187830E14 Corolla pale mauve to purple, 6-9 mm long, lobes 2-2.2 mm long, with a few slender subapical hairs, sometimes glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259590-1 wfo-0000024232 morphology 951A1054-410C-44C4-BF08-5E3187830E14 Achenes cylindric, 2-2.5 mm long, not ribbed or inconspicuously 5-ribbed, densely ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales, 0.4-0.7 mm long, inner pappus white, 4.5-6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259590-1 wfo-0000129267 morphology 016B1F29-0CBF-47D3-A713-16E8E6A27394 Woody herb or weak shrub, trailing, scrambling or scandent, 0.6-3.6 m high; stems arching, pubescent with mostly short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259684-1 wfo-0000129267 morphology 016B1F29-0CBF-47D3-A713-16E8E6A27394 Leaves petiolate or rarely sessile with petioloid base, dark green or deep glossy green, ovate or (narrowly) lanceolate, 2-13 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, base rounded to cuneate, margins sinuate-denticulate, apex attenuate-acuminate, apiculate, thinly scattered pubescent and ± glabrescent above, thinly finely pubescent especially on veins beneath, densely glandular with sessile glands; petiole 0.3-2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259684-1 wfo-0000129267 morphology 016B1F29-0CBF-47D3-A713-16E8E6A27394 Capitula in spreading terminal divaricate corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly ascending-pubescent, sometimes also with longer spreading hairs; involucre ovoid-cylindrical, 4-6.5 mm long, 3-3.8 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 2-3-seriate, green and sometimes purple-tipped, slightly spreading, lanceolate or less often elliptic, 1-6 mm long, acute to attenuate, ascending-pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259684-1 wfo-0000129267 morphology 016B1F29-0CBF-47D3-A713-16E8E6A27394 Florets 14-20 per capitulum; corolla white, pale mauve, lilac, mauve or purple, 5-8 mm long, lobes 1.5-2.8 mm long, with fine silky hairs below the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259684-1 wfo-0000129267 morphology 016B1F29-0CBF-47D3-A713-16E8E6A27394 Achenes cylindric, 1.5-2.7 mm long, terete or subterete, shortly ascending-pubescent and glandular; outer pappus of narrow lanceolate scales, 0.2-1.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 3-6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259684-1 wfo-0000129267 morphology 016B1F29-0CBF-47D3-A713-16E8E6A27394 Fig. 38/4 (involucre), p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259684-1 wfo-0000045003 morphology 4AFDBED8-B2F0-4CEE-A26D-69E2DD33A4EC Annual or perennial herb 15-150 cm tall; stems erect, simple or branched, longitudinally ribbed, pubescent to scabridulous with short T-shaped hairs and longer flagelliform hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1164899-2 wfo-0000045003 morphology 4AFDBED8-B2F0-4CEE-A26D-69E2DD33A4EC Leaves dark green, ovate, lanceolate to spatulate with an elliptic, obovate or ovate blade, 1-12 cm long, 0.3-5 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate to rounded or subtruncate and decurrent on to a narrow petioloid base, margins sinuate-serrate or less often subentire, apex obtuse to attenuate, ± thinly scattered-pubescent or scabridulous above, finely rather sparsely pubescent and glandular with sunken glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1164899-2 wfo-0000045003 morphology 4AFDBED8-B2F0-4CEE-A26D-69E2DD33A4EC Capitula numerous in lax terminal compound corymbiform cymes 2-20 cm in diameter; involucre cylindrical or ovoid-cylindrical, 3-6 mm long, 2.2-2.5(-3.5) mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, appressed but becoming reflexed at fruiting, green, often with purplish tips, lanceolate, 1.5-5 mm long, acute or attenuate, finely ascending-pubescent and slightly glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1164899-2 wfo-0000045003 morphology 4AFDBED8-B2F0-4CEE-A26D-69E2DD33A4EC Corolla mauve, purple or lilac, 3.3-7.5 mm long, lobes 1-3 mm long, finely pubescent below apex with slender ascending hairs, also with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1164899-2 wfo-0000045003 morphology 4AFDBED8-B2F0-4CEE-A26D-69E2DD33A4EC Achenes terete or subterete or obscurely 5-ribbed, 1-2.8 mm long, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow lanceolate scales, 0.2-0.6 mm long, inner pappus white, 3.5-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1164899-2 wfo-0000073516 morphology 76BC8823-CA19-4844-82EB-0CFD83631BAD Annual herb 10-60(-120) cm tall; stems erect, branched or unbranched, pubescent with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:941023-1 wfo-0000073516 morphology 76BC8823-CA19-4844-82EB-0CFD83631BAD Lower leaves ovate to slightly obovate, elliptic or trullate, 1-8 cm long, 0.5-4 cm wide, broadly cuneate and attenuate into a petioloid base, minutely to coarsely sinuate-serrate, apex rounded to obtuse, rarely acute or shortly acuminate, apiculate, sparsely pubescent mostly on veins and ± glabrescent beneath, ± glabrescent above, densely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:941023-1 wfo-0000073516 morphology 76BC8823-CA19-4844-82EB-0CFD83631BAD Capitula in rather lax divaricate compound terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender, sparsely ascending-pubescent; involucre ovoid to cylindrical, 2.5-5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, often tinged purplish at the tips, elliptic or lanceolate, 1.5-4.5 mm long, acute or obtuse and apiculate, pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:941023-1 wfo-0000073516 morphology 76BC8823-CA19-4844-82EB-0CFD83631BAD Corolla purple or mauve, rarely white with faint pink tinge, 2.3-5 mm long, lobes 0.7-1.5 mm long, long-hairy below apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:941023-1 wfo-0000073516 morphology 76BC8823-CA19-4844-82EB-0CFD83631BAD Achenes cylindric, 1.3-2 mm long, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of a rim of short distinct or ± confluent oblong rounded or subtruncate fimbriate scales 0.1-0.2 mm long, inner pappus white, 2.5-4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:941023-1 wfo-0000060240 morphology 51B8FC94-3159-43B0-980E-7DEF099C021F Annual herb 10-120 cm tall, erect, slender, branched from base; stems thinly pubescent with short T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945376-1 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Flowers actinomorphic or zygomorphic, bisexual (in African genera) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Sepals 5, free or connate at the base, persistent, often with glands outside urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Petals 5, frequently clawed, free, imbricate, entire or with fringed or dentate margins urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Stamens 10, with those of the outer series opposite the petals; filaments often connate at the base; anthers dehiscing longitudinally, introrse, basifixed or dorsifixed, 2-thecous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Ovary superior, syncarpous, 3(rarely 2, 4, or 5)-locular and -lobed, with 1 pendulous axile ovule in each locule; styles as many as the carpels with usually entire stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Fruit a schizocarp, usually winged (samara), rarely a fleshy drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000359 morphology 3ECC2742-41E3-4820-8B27-5E97E186A661 Seeds with a large usually straight embryo, without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000017-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Trees, shrubs, lianes or (rarely) ± herbaceous, sometimes epiphytic, unarmed (at least in East Africa), with a simple or stellate indumentum, or glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Leaves simple or compound; lamina coriaceous or chartaceous, often in some genera with differences in texture and outline between those of juvenile and mature parts of the plant urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Stipules usually present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Inflorescences generally ample, ultimate branching very often umbellate or racemose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Flowers small, regular, often greenish-yellow, hermaphrodite, polygamous or dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Calyx ± obconic, with tube adnate to ovary; free margin erect and very small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Petals 4–10, valvate, usually free, sometimes connate and calyptrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Stamens equal in number to the petals and alternate with them, rarely more numerous, inserted (with them) on a disk urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Anthers dorsifixed, dithecous, longitudinally dehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Ovary inferior with 2–8 locules; styles distinct throughout or connate below into a stylopodium; ovules solitary, pendulous from the apex of each locule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Fruit a berry or a drupe, often with fleshy exocarp and an endocarp divided into distinct pyrenes or hardly distinct from the exocarp urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000043 morphology 3D2F62E9-DCD5-44F8-B35A-0349CF8C8609 Seeds with copious ruminate or smooth endosperm; embryo small and located near the hilum urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001539-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Woody or herbaceous mostly with climbing or trailing stems bearing tendrils and often arising from a tuberous rootstock, rarely without tendrils urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Leaves alternate, simple and palmately veined or pedately compound with 3–25 leaflets, when simple usually very variable, petiolate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Tendrils lateral, stipular in position, usually one at each node, either simple or proximally 2–7-fid and spiralling only above the point of branching, or apically bifid and spiralling above and below the point of branching, rarely reduced to spines or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Probracts (usually small, often glandular, foliar structures) sometimes present at the base of the peduncles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Flowers usually unisexual, monoecious or dioecious, axillary, variously arranged, but ? more commonly solitary than ? urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Receptacle-tube very shallow to elongated-tubular; lobes (3–)5 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Petals (3–)5, free or united into a regular or slightly to rarely strongly zygomorphic corolla urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Stamens basically 5, alternate with the petals, inserted on the receptacle-tube or on the basal disk, but always modified in one or more ways, giving the following conditions: stamens 5, equidistant or in 2 pairs with 1 single; stamens 4; stamens 3, 2 double and 1 single, free or with the anthers ± united, or with the filaments united into a central column and the anthers free or united; or stamens 2, 1 triple, 1 double; thecae straight, hooked, arcuate, duplicate, triplicate or triplicate and contorted, sometimes the filaments united and the thecae horizontal, forming a central equilateral triangle, split ring or continuous ring; staminodes often present in ? flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Ovary usually inferior, generally 1-locular, composed of (2–)3(–5) united carpels or rarely of 1 carpel only; placentation parietal or rarely axillary, sometimes apical, basal or apical and basal, sometimes obscured by the often large placentas; ovules anatropous, 1–many, horizontal, pendulous, or ascending; style 1, with usually 3 bilobed stigmas or stigma-lobes, or styles (2–)3, each with 1 bilobed stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Fruit a dry or fleshy capsule, berry or hard-shelled pepo, indehiscent or dehiscent by valves, an operculum, slits or apical pores or irregularly, or rarely samaroid, smooth or variously ornamented, 1–many-seeded, sometimes very large urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000160 morphology EA05E1D6-66B8-404E-ABF1-AADC6CD03DCC Seeds large, commonly compressed, sometimes winged; embryo large; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000781-2 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Perennial herbs with corms or tubers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Leaves petiolate, sessile or amplexicaul, linear to ovate-orbicular, decurrent to cordate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Inflorescence racemose, pseudo-racemose or paniculate, or the flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Bracts sometimes minute or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Flowers pedicellate, hermaphrodite, regular or slightly irregular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Perianth-segments 6, free or forming a short tube, entire, spreading or reflexed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Stamens 6, inserted on the perianth-segments at the throat of the tube, all perfect or 2 or 3 replaced by linear staminodes; anthers dithecous, sometimes connivent, with the base sometimes produced into a spur or sac; dehiscence by an apical pore, usually slightly introrse urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Ovary semi-inferior, rarely almost superior, trilocular; ovules 2–? in each cell; placentation axile; style filiform; stigma minutely trifid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000600 morphology 9EDD7E70-9C36-494F-82BC-D193B6AC0047 Capsule trilobed, dehiscence loculicidal; seeds small and numerous, or a few large ones, rarely only one developing, smooth or warted, rarely with spongy cap; endosperm present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126736-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Roots fibrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Stems erect, cylindric or rarely compressed, naked or leafy, sometimes rhizomatous or stoloniferous, and then horizontal or ascending urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Leaves grass-like or cylindric, sheathing at the base, sometimes reduced to cataphylls; sheaths open and sometimes auriculate, or closed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Inflorescence terminal, often pseudo-lateral, compound or rarely simple with one flower, umbellate, paniculate, the flowers solitary or in capitula (heads); bracts leaf-like, scarious or membranous, persistent; bracteoles sometimes present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Flowers small, regular, hermaphrodite; rarely the plants dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Perianth-segments 6, in two series, subequal, glumaceous, green or brown, usually membranous at the edges urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Stamens 6, opposite and shorter than the perianth-segments, the 3 inner sometimes absent; filaments linear or triangular; anthers basifixed, 2-thecous, introrse, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Carpels 3, joined; ovary superior, 1- or 3-locular; style rarely absent; stigmas 3 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Fruit a loculicidal capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000310 morphology 83B42A57-EB4F-431C-86A6-43D0F4856036 Seeds 3 or many, ovoid to obovoid, apex sometimes apiculate, base sometimes tailed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126749-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Xerophytic or halophytic shrubs or small trees, with slender branches and reduced subulate or scale-like, alternate, exstipulate, glandular-punctate leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Flowers in racemes or spikes or solitary, small, usually bisexual, regular, hypogynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Calyx and corolla distinct, 5–4-merous, imbricate, free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Disk present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Stamens as many as petals and alternate with them, or twice as many in two alternating whorls; filaments mostly free, sometimes ± united, inserted on the disk; anthers 2-thecous, opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Ovary superior, 1-locular; carpels 3–4; placentas 2–5, basal or parietal, each with 2 or more erect anatropous ovules; styles as many as carpels, free or united below or stigmas sessile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Fruit a capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000596 morphology 7F191890-07A0-48B6-9860-1EB0B36DD1D9 Seeds ? with long hairs, with or without endosperm; embryo straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126592-1 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Evergreen trees, shrubs or climbers with resin-ducts in the bark, rarely spiny urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Leaves alternate, often crowded at the ends of the branches, simple, entire, dentate or lobed, ± leathery urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Trees, shrubs or herbs, dioecious or monoecious; sap milky, sometimes watery (but not turning black) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Leaves in spirals or distichous, sometimes subopposite or subverticillate, entire or sometimes pinnately or palmately incised, stipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Inflorescences bisexual or unisexual, spicate, globose-, clavate- or discoid-capitate, urceolate or uniflorous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Staminate flowers with 2–6 tepals or perianth lacking; stamens 1–4 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Pistillate flowers with 2–6 tepals or perianth lacking; pistil 1; ovary free or adnate to the perianth; stigmas 1–2; ovule 1, attached apically urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Fruit achene-like, drupaceous (dehiscent or not), or forming a drupaceous whole with the fleshy perianth or with the fleshy receptacle as well urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000395 morphology 4F20827E-061F-4F88-BCCE-454F2C65DF06 Seed large without endosperm or small with endosperm; embryo various urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000043-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Trees, shrubs or shrublets urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Wood often scented urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Indumentum of simple, glandular or stellate hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Leaves usually alternate, 2- or 3-pinnate, simply impari- or paripinnate, 3-foliolate, 1-foliolate or simple; leaflets entire, crenate or serrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Inflorescence usually axillary or in axils of fallen leaves, of cymose panicles or of compound or simple cymes or flowers fasciculate, rarely solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Flowers bisexual or unisexual, monoecious or dioecious, occasionally polygamous, actinomorphic, mainly 4–5-merous; sepals and petals dissimilar urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Sepals small, 4–6, variously connate or almost free, the lobes imbricate or with open aestivation, never completely covering corolla in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Petals usually 4–5, free (adnate to the staminal tube in Turraeanthus), valvate, imbricate or contorted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Disk intrastaminal, very variable, rarely absent, often developed from the gynophore, completely fused to base of staminal tube, or annular, cup-shaped or cushion-shaped and free from staminal tube and ovary or cushion-shaped and enveloping the base of the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Stamens (5–)8–10(–20), rarely completely free, usually partly or completely fused to form a staminal tube, usually bearing appendages; anthers 2-thecous, dehiscing longitudinally, connective usually apiculate beyond anther-lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Ovary superior, (2–)4–5(–20)-locular, with axile placentation; ovules 1–many per locule; style 1; style-head expanded, capitate, globose, ovoid, cylindric, discoid or coroniform, entire or shallowly lobed, only partly stigmatic, sometimes (>i>Turraea) functioning as a ‘receptaculum pollinis’ urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Fruit usually a loculicidal or septifragal capsule or a drupe, rarely a leathery cleistocarp or a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000373 morphology 382DDA4F-2D70-4B89-AF9F-91994FC1A11F Seeds usually arillate, winged or with a corky or woody outer covering; endosperm present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001419-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Annual or perennial herbs, subshrubs, shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Leaves simple, opposite or verticillate, rarely alternate; stipules absent or minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Flowers regular or slightly irregular, hermaphrodite, (3–)4, 6, 8(–16)-merous, solitary to paniculate, sometimes di- or tri-morphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Sepals united into a tube (hypanthium), lobes valvate, often with small appendages between urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Petals free, inserted towards the top of the calyx-tube, alternating with the sepals, folded in bud, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Stamens usually 4 or 8, less often many (10–200) or fewer (1–2), inserted below the petals; filaments sometimes of different lengths in the different forms of flower, usually inflexed in bud; anthers 2-thecous, opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Ovary superior (except Punica), sessile or shortly stipitate, completely or incompletely 2–6-locular, rarely unilocular or multilocular (>i>Punica); style simple, sometimes of different lengths in different forms of flower; stigma often ± capitate; ovules 2–numerous on axile placentas sometimes not reaching apex of ovary (parietal in one >i>Ammannia) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Fruit capsular or baccate, opening by a transverse slit or valves or bursting irregularly or ± indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000356 morphology 3154E046-4CD6-4A22-A83E-CCDE16B73046 Seeds numerous, without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000194-2 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Aquatic rhizomatous herbs rooted in the bottom mud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Leaves mostly floating, emergent or sometimes submerged, petiolate (petioles often very long), usually ± peltate and with involute vernation; stipules present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Flowers regular, hermaphrodite, solitary, usually large and showy, often scented, mostly long-pedunculate, floating, emergent or rarely submerged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Sepals 4–6, free or adnate to the torus urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Petals 6–10 or numerous or even absent, hypogynous or perigynous, imbricate, sometimes gradually passing into the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Stamens numerous; anthers opening by longitudinal slits, introrse or latrorse, the connective often produced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Carpels (6–10–)numerous, immersed in the torus or united into a 3–5- or many-locular ovary; ovules 1–numerous per carpel, pendulous from the walls or apex; styles free, short, or stigmas radiating, sessile on central boss of ovary and also sometimes with marginal stylar processes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Fruit fleshy or spongy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000417 morphology 68F70B0B-F048-4D07-9A2E-EACE1764975E Seeds often with fleshy arils and usually with endosperm and/or perisperm (absent in Nelumbo) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126577-1 wfo-7000000562 morphology 8ADE9DE7-4860-4D30-99BC-80606A574769 Annual or perennial terrestrial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003749-2 wfo-7000000562 morphology 8ADE9DE7-4860-4D30-99BC-80606A574769 Stems erect, prostrate or occasionally climbing, usually bearing aerial roots (rhizophores); branching often regular, ± in one plane giving a frond-like appearance urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003749-2 wfo-7000000562 morphology 8ADE9DE7-4860-4D30-99BC-80606A574769 Leaves ligulate, small, numerous, ± uniform and spirally arranged or wider and unequal in two ranks, those facing outwards smaller (median leaves) and those below on either side larger (lateral), often variously aristate and ciliate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003749-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Flowers few to many in terminal and/or axillary panicles or cymes, sometimes in clusters on the old wood or solitary in the axils, regular or rarely slightly irregular, hypogynous, bisexual or functionally (rarely morphologically) unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Sepals 5, free and imbricate at least in bud, or somewhat connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000472 morphology 2E1656CE-D883-4FB9-B133-6470D7DF2C39 Petals 5, imbricate in bud, generally free, rarely with slightly connivent claws urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30302583-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Style short or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Fruit a berry, achene or capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000069 morphology B7D0A9F1-ED0D-465C-BAA9-292470468F0F Seeds with copious endosperm; embryo small or long urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000989-2 wfo-7000000374 morphology 54453C37-7D6A-41DA-A4C7-B5C7D5F96F39 Shrubs or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126627-1 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual, in spikes, racemes or panicles; bracts small; bracteoles 2–4, often 2 adnate to the base of the perianth, sometimes wing-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Perianth 5-lobed; lobes imbricate, sometimes coloured, united into a tube below or almost free, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Stamens 5, opposite to the perianth-lobes, inserted at their base; filaments free, short; anthers versatile, variously dehiscing urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Ovary superior, 1-locular; ovule solitary, basal, shortly stalked, campylotropous; style terminal, simple or 3-fid, or 3 free styles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-0000962193 morphology 392978BE-2711-4A31-A917-C683ECED69C5 Seeds ovoid, 2.5 × 2 mm., smooth, becoming black, with a caruncle 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346578-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Annual or probably short-lived shrubby perennial herb to 2 m. high, glabrous except for crisped hairs below the junction of the leaves and bracts with the branches and usually on the stem and young leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Leaves densely crowded and leaving prominent scars, sometimes tinged red on the lower surface, sessile, lanceolate to 8 × 1 cm., base cuneate, apex obtuse and minutely apiculate, margin entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Cymes lax, axillary and in terminal 3–15-branched umbels forking many times, with primary rays to 10 cm. long, all parts of the cyme often tinged red; bracts sessile, broadly ovate to 24 × 12 mm., apex acute, margin entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Cyathia on peduncles to 1 mm. long, 1.75 × 2 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, spreading, broadly crescent-shaped, to 1.25 mm. broad, with curved horns 0.5 mm. long; involucral lobes subquadrate with 2-lobed apex, 0.5 mm. long, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Male flowers: bracteoles linear, apex ciliate; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Female flowers: ovary 2-locular; styles 2, 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, bifid for 1/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 4.5 mm. long, 2-lobed, 2.25 × 2.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000961087 morphology 47E2A612-94A9-4363-9AFF-60C365941C8E Seeds ovoid, 1.8 × 1.4 mm., smooth, reddish black, with a caruncle 1 mm. across, wrinkled, yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345847-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Annual or probably short-lived perennial herb branching from near the base, to ± 30 cm. high, seldom more, glabrous or the stem pilose with short curved hairs, the whole plant sometimes tinged red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Leaves densely crowded, sessile, oblanceolate, to 25 × 7 mm., apex rounded, margin entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Cymes occasionally axillary, usually in terminal 3–5-branched umbels, with primary rays to 4 cm. long, forking ± 5 times; bracts sessile, deltoid, to 1.5 × 1.5 cm., seldom larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Cyathia on peduncles to 1 mm. long, 1.8 × 2 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, spreading, transversely oblong, 1 mm. broad, with 2 horns to 0.8 mm. long; involucral lobes ovate with 2-lobed apex, 0.8 mm. long, margin minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Male flowers: bracteoles linear, ciliate; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Female flower: styles 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base for 1/3, erect, bifid to almost halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Capsule exserted on a glabrous or pilose pedicel to 3.5 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 2.7 × 3.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000965407 morphology D8C44875-B4F7-4825-AD9D-F8C8D828F2EB Seeds ovoid, 1.5 × 1.2 mm., smooth, reddish black, with a cream, wrinkled caruncle, 0.6 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348730-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Glabrous perennial herb with a woody rootstock ± 1 cm. thick, producing numerous usually simple annual stems, erect to 30 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Leaves sessile, slightly fleshy, oblanceolate, to 2.5 × 1 cm., apex acute to ± obtuse, apiculate, margin entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Cymes occasionally axillary, usually in terminal 3–7-branched umbels, with primary rays to 3 cm. long, forking ± 4 times; bracts sessile, often tinged purplish, ± deltoid, to 1.5 × 1.5 cm., base subcordate, apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Cyathia sessile, 3 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, rarely 5 on cyathia developing all ♂ flowers, spreading, transversely oblong, 1.5 × 2–2.5 mm., outer margin entire to shallowly sinuate, with 2 minute horns, yellow-orange; involucral lobes rounded, 1 mm. long, apex shallowly 2-lobed, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Male flowers many: bracteoles ligulate, apices ciliate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Female flower: styles 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, bifid for 1/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 6 mm. long, 3-lobed, 4 × 4.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961653 morphology B05F364E-1694-4422-94E0-C0003061226E Seeds ovoid, 3 × 2–4 mm., smooth, grey speckled with brown; caruncle cream, 0.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346223-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Glabrous perennial herb, with a woody rootstock 1–2 cm. thick, producing densely tufted simple or sparsely branched annual stems, erect to 30 cm. seldom more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Leaves sessile, spreading to reflexed, linear-lanceolate to 30 × 5 mm., base cuneate, apex rounded and strongly apiculate, margins entire and ± revolute, densely crowded on the upper part of sterile growths, sparser amd often shorter on flowering stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Cymes occasionally axillary, usually clustered in terminal 3–7-branched umbels, with primary rays to 2 cm. long, forking usually once only or sometimes branching to produce further umbels; bracts similar to the leaves but more ovate-lanceolate, ± 12 × 6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Cyathia usually subsessile, but sometimes on peduncles to 5 mm. long, especially those at the centre of the umbels which sometimes develop only ♂ flowers, ± 3 × 5 mm., with broadly cup-shaped involucres, the central cyathia larger to 8 mm. in diameter; glands 4–7 or occasionally more and sometimes proliferating amongst the ♂ flowers of a “double” involucre, transversely oblong, 1–2 × 1.5–3 mm., margin very irregular, rounded, shortly 2-horned, or crenulate and ± convoluted, bright yellow; involucral lobes rounded, 1–1.5 mm. long, margin lobed or toothed, finely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Male flowers very many: bracteoles linear, apex ciliate; stamens 3.5–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Female flower: styles 1.8 mm. long, joined for 1/3, with spreading thickened bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 1.5 cm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 5.5 × 6.5 mm., surface roughened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Seeds ovoid, slightly compressed, 3.5 × 3 mm., apex rounded, smooth, blackish with faint brown speckles; caruncle 1.5 mm. across, wrinkled, orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961628 morphology 6B330675-F1ED-4198-9496-8E7F6EE3F681 Fig. 81/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346204-1 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Perennial herb, with a thick woody rootstock producing numerous simple or sparsely branched annual stems, erect or spreading and ± decumbent, 30–100(–150) cm. long, glabrous or pilose with long spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Leaves subsessile, linear-lanceolate, or ovate on short flowering stems (10–15 cm. high) produced after burning and often tinged with red, to 4(–5) × 1(–1.5) cm., base abruptly cuneate to rounded, apex shortly apiculate, margin narrowly cartilaginous, sometimes ± revolute, and often minutely toothed, glabrous or with some long spreading hairs on the lower surface especially along the midrib, rarely with a few on the upper surface; petiole to 1 mm. long, flattened, with a short tuft of hairs in the axil. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Cymes axillary and in (3-)5(–6)-branched umbels around a terminal ♂ cyathium, with primary rays to 7 cm. long, forking ± 3 times; bracts sessile, deltoid to subcircular, ± 1.5 × 1.5 cm., longer below the umbel, apex acute to rounded, base with a tuft of hairs on the upper surface and sometimes a few hairs on the lower surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Cyathia sessile, glabrous, or pilose with spreading hairs, sometimes sparsely so, ± 3.5 × 4.5 mm., with broadly cup-shaped involucres; glands 4–6, spreading, circular to transversely oblong, 1.5–3 mm. broad, yellow; lobes rounded, 1 mm. long, densely ciliate on the inner surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, densely ciliate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Female flower: ovary tuberculate, usually densely so, glabrous or pilose; styles 3 mm. long, joined to nearly halfway, erect, spreading, bifid for 1/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 6 mm. long, shallowly 3-lobed, ± 5 × 6.5 mm., densely to sparsely covered with large fleshy tubercles, occasionally almost smooth, glabrous or fairly sparsely pilose with long spreading hairs, usually tinged reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000961720 morphology BD586FFB-29BF-4A23-9A41-A5E882D98091 Seeds ovoid, slightly compressed, ± 2.5 × 2 mm., smooth, greyish brown; caruncle 1 mm. across, cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60472154-2 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Perennial shrubby herb to 3 m. high, woody at the base; branches in whorls of 5, glabrous or very sparsely pilose, often tinged red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Leaves subsessile, lanceolate, to 11 × 3 cm., base tapering into a very short flattened petiole, apex acute to shortly apiculate, margin entire, petiole and lower surface of the leaf pilose with long, soft hairs, especially the midrib and sometimes the upper surface of young leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Cymes in terminal 5-branched umbels, with primary rays to 7 cm. long, forking usually twice; bracts sessile, deltoid, to 2 × 2 cm., apex obtuse to rounded and minutely apiculate, base and lower margins sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Central cyathium of the umbel on a peduncle 1.5 mm. long, the rest sessile, 3 × 3.8 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, glabrous; glands 4–5, transversely oblong, and ± 2-lipped, ± 1.5 mm. broad, yellow-green; involucral lobes subquadrate, 1 mm. long, apex shallowly bilobed, ciliate on the inner surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply toothed, densely ciliate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Female flower: ovary tuberculate, glabrous; styles 1.8 mm. long joined at the base, spreading, bifid for 1/3, with thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 6 mm. long, 3-lobed, 4 × 5 mm., almost smooth with faint indications of a few tubercles, capsule wall very thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965226 morphology C4F2B231-18B3-4CDD-8191-9AAEA8737C2F Seeds ovoid, 3.2 × 2.5 mm., grey, obscurely wrinkled; caruncle whitish, 0.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348604-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Glabrous shrub to 4.5 m. high, with long thin often subpendent branches, rebranching mostly dichotomously. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Leaves subsessile or shortly petiolate, oblanceolate or obovate, to 12 × 3 cm., base cuneate tapering gradually to the base of the petiole, apex acute and markedly apiculate, margin entire, dark green and slightly fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Cymes in terminal 3–5-branched umbels, with (primary) rays to 3 cm. long, sometimes forking once only; bracts subcircular, 6–10 mm. long, apex obtuse to rounded, markedly apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Central cyathium of the umbel on a peduncle to 2 mm. long, the rest sessile to subsessile, 3 × 8 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, or 5 on cyathia developing only ♂ flowers (usually the central one), subcircular to transversely elliptic, 1.5–2.5 mm. broad, outer margin rounded and entire to truncate and shallowly crenulate; involucral lobes subquadrate, 1.2 mm. long, apex deeply 2-lobed, lower margins shortly ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply divided, feathery; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Female: styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, with spreading very distinctly bifid slightly thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Capsule exserted on a pedicel 6(–10) mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 6 × 8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000965251 morphology 46F70519-159F-4EA9-9B07-5142BB4728A7 Seeds ovoid, 3.4 × 3 mm., grey, surface lightly ridged and wrinkled; caruncle 0.7 mm. across, cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348626-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Annual herb to 1.5 m. high, stem often woody at the base, the whole plant sparsely covered with long spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Leaves lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 5–11 × 1.3–2 cm., base cuneate, apex acute, margin serrate with small gland-tipped teeth, midrib prominent on the lower surface; petiole to 2.5 cm. long; glandular stipules purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels, with primary rays to 15 cm. long; bracts subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Cyathia sessile, 2.5 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, pilose; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 1 × 1.5 mm., green; lobes rounded, 0.7 mm, wide, finely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply laciniate with feathery tips; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Female flower: ovary densely hairy; styles ± 1 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading with somewhat flattened grooved apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Capsule exserted on a slightly curved pedicel 2 mm. long, subglobose with truncate base and shallow grooves along the sutures, 4 × 5 mm., pubescent with short adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Seeds conical, very obscurely 4-angled, 3 × 2.5 mm., with acute apex, greyish black, with small tubercles in irregular horizontal lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000964988 morphology F4FD2454-B522-4C97-B6BF-3D9DE2EA870D Fig. 82/4–6, p. 444. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348422-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Annual herb to 60 cm. high, glabrous except for short curved adpressed hairs on young growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Leaves broadly ovate to 4.5 × 2.5 cm., base cuneate, apex acute, margin closely serrate with small glandular teeth, midrib prominent to winged on the lower surface; petiole to 2 cm. long, somewhat flattened; glandular stipules purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels, with primary rays to 9 cm. long; bracts similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Cyathia subsessile, 2.5 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped shortly pubescent involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 1 × 1.75 mm., dull yellow; lobes subquadrate, 1 mm. long, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, with ciliate apices; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Female flower: ovary densely puberulous; styles 0.5 mm. long, spreading, joined at the base, shortly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Capsule shortly exserted on a puberulous pedicel 2 mm. long, subglobose, with shallow longitudinal grooves along the sutures, base truncate, 5 × 5.5 mm., puberulous with short adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000963149 morphology 77FF1C97-42B4-47B5-8D51-D1BAD4A8EA37 Seeds ovoid, very obscurely 4-angled, 3.25 × 2.25 mm., apex obtuse, smooth, shiny black, with a white granular patch below the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347206-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Annual herb to 1 m. high, stem often woody at the base, the whole plant sparsely covered with long spreading white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, to 10 × 3.5 cm., base cuneate, apex acute, margin subentire to serrate with minute gland-tipped teeth, midrib prominent on the lower surface; petiole to 5 cm. long; glandular stipules purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels, with primary rays to 12 cm. long; bracts subsessile, usually reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Cyathia sessile, 2.5 × 4 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, pilose; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 1 × 1.5 mm., green, becoming reddish brown; lobes rounded, 0.7 mm. in diameter, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, feathery; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Female flower: ovary densely hairy; styles 1 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, thickened, with grooved apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Capsule barely exserted on a pilose pedicel 2 mm. long, subglobose, with truncate base, 4 × 5 mm., pilose with long spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000960963 morphology 65899257-F4B6-4AB4-B0C0-3E8FE03F4A96 Seeds conical, 4-angled, 3 × 2 mm. apex acute, brownish black, surface irregularly tubercled in 3–4 distinct (rarely obscure) horizontal ridges. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345762-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Annual herb to 1 m. high, stem woody at the base; branches longitudinally ridged, glabrous or with a few scattered spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Leaves glabrous or with a few scattered hairs on both surfaces, ovate to 7.5 × 4 cm., base cuneate, apex acute, margin serrate, sometimes markedly so with gland-tipped teeth, midrib winged on the lower surface; petiole flattened, to 3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels, with primary rays to 10 cm. long; bracts subsessile, similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Cyathia sessile or very shortly pedunculate, 2.5 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres and a few short hairs below the glands; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 1.5 mm. wide, yellow becoming brown; lobes rounded, 0.7 mm. wide, with finely ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply laciniate, apices ciliate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Female flower: ovary shortly pubescent; styles 1.5 mm. long, joined for 1/3, apices spreading, shortly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Capsule exserted on a slightly curved pilose pedicel ± 3.5 mm. long, subglobose with truncate base, 5 × 6 mm., thinly pilose with slightly spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Seeds conical, sharply 4-angled, 3.8 × 2.8 mm., apex acute, greyish brown, surface warty forming two horizontal ridges and crested angles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000963105 morphology 3996FC24-E4D5-4E20-AF5A-D5A61CBE8467 Fig. 82/7–9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:907663-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Annual much-branched somewhat fleshy herb to 50(–100) cm. high, stem often woody below; branches and upper part of the stem longitudinally ridged to distinctly winged, the whole plant covered in long spreading white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Leaves reflexed, linear-lanceolate to ovate, 3–14 × 0.5–6 cm., base tapering into a 2-winged petiole, apex acute, margin subentire to markedly serrate, with gland-tipped often red-tinged teeth, midrib winged on the lower surface; petiole to 5 cm. long; glandular stipules dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels forking many times, with primary rays to 12 cm. long; bracts narrower than the leaves, with petioles to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Cyathia subsessile, 2.5 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 0.8 × 1.5 mm., yellow, turning brown, then red; lobes quadrangular, 1.75 mm. wide, margin ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, apices ciliate; staments 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Female flower: ovary densely pilose; styles 2–2.5 mm. long, puberulous, joined to almost halfway, erect with apices spreading, thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Capsule exserted on a slightly curved pilose pedicel to 3 mm. long, subglobose, 6.5–7 mm. in diameter, with truncate base and shallow longitudinal grooves along the sutures, pilose with long spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000961566 morphology F9EFA669-A0C6-4145-9B22-B99AACC28601 Seeds ovoid or conical, 4-angled, ± 4.5 × 2.5 mm., apex rounded or acute, brown to grey or reddish black, surface obscurely or distinctly tuberculate in irregular horizontal lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346164-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Glabrous perennial herb to 30 cm. high, with a thick tap-root merging into a swollen ± succulent tuberculate or occasionally smooth stem to 8 cm. high and 4 cm. thick; branches radiating from the stem apex to 8 cm. long, tuberculate or smooth and ± succulent, sometimes with further thinner branches at the apices in groups of 3–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Leaves subpetiolate to petiolate from the apices of the tubercles, linear-lanceolate to 50 × 8 mm., base cuneate, apex acute and minutely apiculate, margin entire; petiole to 1 cm. long; glandular stipules minutely filamentous and apparent only on young growth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Cymes clustered 2–6 at the apices of the branches, with primary rays to 6 cm. long, forking up to 5 times often trichotomously, semi-persistent; bracts sessile, the uppermost ovate ± 10 × 5 mm., base rounded, apex acute, the lower ones progressively larger and more similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Cyathia on peduncles 1–1.5 mm. long, ± 3 × 2.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 2, subquadrate, ± 2.5 × 2.5 mm., the outer margin shallowly crenulate, the lateral margins curled inwards and joined at the base to form an erect tube; lobes ± 1.8 × 1 mm., the upper margin deeply and finely toothed to almost halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Male flowers few: bracteoles ligulate, deeply divided; stamens to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Female flower: styles ± 2.7 mm. long, joined almost to the minutely bifid tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 9 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed with truncate base, ± 4.5 × 6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000963103 morphology B9B04120-4704-487F-8979-EE03AAC7718E Seeds obtusely trigonous-conical with truncate base, acute apex and 2 shallow horizontal constrictions, ± 3 × 2.5 mm., black to greyish brown with a speckled roughened surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347167-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Annual herb to 45 cm. high with spreading branches, the whole plant pilose including the flowering parts, with white spreading hairs; stems sometimes slightly swollen and succulent, stem and branches longitudinally grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, to 4 × 2 cm., base cuneate, apex obtuse to rounded, margin entire, upper surface often glabrous; petiole to 25 mm. long; stipules vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Cymes axillary, 1–2-forked; bracts subsessile, subcircular, to 5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Cyathia on peduncles to 8 mm. long, 1.75 × 3 mm. long, with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 1 × 1.5 mm., reddish yellow, hairy on both surfaces; lobes circular, 0.75 mm. in diameter, densely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Male flowers: bracteoles very few, ligulate, apex ciliate; stamens 2.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Female flower: ovary densely pubescent; styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, distinctly bifid at the apex, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Capsule exserted on a curved pilose pedicel 1.75 mm. long, 3-lobed, with truncate base, 3.5 × 4.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000960525 morphology 95A3FEEF-38A6-45BD-9A44-D348475B9C0A Seeds conical, with acute apex and 2 horizontal constrictions, 2.5 × 2 mm., black to blackish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345492-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Annual herb ± 30 cm. high, with spreading branches, the whole plant puberulous with short spreading hairs; stem and branches longitudinally grooved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Leaves linear to 30 × 3 mm., margin entire; petiole to 8 mm. long; stipules vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Cymes axillary or terminal, forking once; bracts subsessile, ovate, to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Cyathia on peduncles to 1.5 mm. long, 1.75 × 2.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 4, quadrangular, 1 × 1 mm., reddish, hairy on both surfaces; lobes obovate, ciliate, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, ciliate; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Female flower: ovary densely puberulous; styles 1.25 mm. long, joined at the base, minutely bifid, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Capsule exserted on a slightly curved pedicel 2.25 mm. long, 3-lobed, with truncate base, 3 × 3.5 mm., surface minutely papillose, and pubescent with short curved hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000963927 morphology 9FC344B9-ED06-48F4-80B7-DDEBB411E949 Seeds conical, apex acute, obscurely 4-angled, with 2 deep horizontal constrictions, 2 × 1.4 mm., black with minutely wrinkled surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:904175-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Sparingly branched annual herb to 30 cm. high, stem slightly swollen at the base and semi-succulent to 1 cm. thick, the whole plant ± sparsely pilose, with spreading white hairs to 1 mm. long, glabrescent at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Leaves ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, to 8 × 1 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded, margin entire, midrib prominent on the lower surface; petiole to 1 cm. long; stipules absent or glandular and rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels, with primary rays to 6 cm. long; bracts similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Cyathia on peduncles 1 mm. long, 2.2 × 2.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, sparsely pilose; glands 4, spreading, subcircular, 1 mm. wide, bright reddish green; lobes subquadrate, 1 mm. long, margin toothed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, deeply toothed, ciliate; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Female flower: ovary pilose; styles 1.4 mm. long, joined at the base, bifid to halfway. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Calyx 2-lipped, the lips ovate-elliptic, 4–5.5 mm. long, 2.5–3.5 mm. wide, one 2-toothed, the other 3-toothed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Standard orange-yellow, violin-shaped, 8 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, often emarginate, glabrous; wings and keel-petals orange-yellow, the latter not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Pods of 1 article (or sometimes 2 articles joined by a narrow neck), ± semicircular in outline, 4.2 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. wide, glabrous, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000173123 morphology F631D24E-C35F-47C2-A0FA-AA90C351DFF5 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472673-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Spreading or suberect subshrub or woody herb ± 40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Stems glabrous or even slightly glaucous when young, the bark soon peeling off in thin longitudinal strips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Leaves 4-foliolate; leaflets obovate, obovate-falcate or almost semicircular, 0.5–1.2 cm. long, 3–9 mm. wide, rounded and sometimes very obliquely mucronulate at the apex, the lower pair of leaflets slightly subcordate at the base, the upper pair attached to the rhachis very obliquely, glabrous; venation conspicuously raised and reticulate on both surfaces; petiole and rhachis together 1–1.8 cm. long including the terminally produced bristle, with a few bristly hairs on the lower surface; petiolules ± 0.5 mm. long; stipules broadly elliptic or almost round, 0.4–1.8 cm. long, 0.25–1.2 cm. wide, very rounded at the apex, conspicuously obtusely appendaged on one side at the base, glabrous, at length deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Inflorescences axillary, 10–15-flowered, fairly lax; rhachis 1.5–6 cm. long; peduncle ± 0.5–1.5 cm. long; pedicels 1.7–4.8 mm. long; bracts oblong, 2–6.5 mm. long, 1.8–4 mm. wide, divided almost half-way or completely into 2 rather obtuse lobes, soon falling, nervose, glabrous; bracteoles lanceolate, 3–3.5 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide, acuminate, falling in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Calyx glabrous or with very few bristly hairs, 2-lipped, the lips elliptic or oblong, 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, one obtuse, the other divided into 3 acute lanceolate teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Standard yellow, violin-shaped, 6–7.8 mm. long, 3–6 mm. wide; wings and keel-petals yellow, the latter not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Pod of 1 or 2 articles joined by a very narrow neck, kettledrum-shaped, flat, 4.5–5.5 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide, glabrous or with very few hairs on the margins, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000174171 morphology EA5FE688-BA1E-463A-86CD-1670488A9063 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472995-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Erect, spreading or trailing subshrub 0.6–4.5 m. long or tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Stems glabrescent to densely covered with short tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Leaves 12–32-foliolate; leaflets oblong, obovate-oblong or linear-oblong, 2–10(–15) mm. long, 1–3.5 mm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous or slightly pubescent beneath, often ciliolate when young; petiole and rhachis together 1–5(–6) cm. long, pubescent; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.6–2.5 cm. long, 1.5–3.5 mm. wide, acuminate, obliquely appendaged on one side, leafy, glabrous or pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Inflorescences axillary, several–10-flowered, often branched; rhachis 1–9.5 cm. long, sometimes zigzag; peduncle 1–2(–5) cm. long; pedicels 0.3–1.3 cm. long; bracts 1.5–4 mm. long, 2–3-lobed, ± persistent; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 2–4 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, usually ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Calyx glabrous or slightly pubescent, 2-lipped, the lips ovate, 4–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, one 2-toothed, the other 3-toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Standard orange-yellow with reddish veins, violin-shaped, 0.7–1.1 cm. long, 4–7 mm. wide; wings orange-yellow, paler towards the base; keel-petals pale greenish-yellow, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Pods of 2 (rarely 1) articles, joined by a very narrow neck, each rounded-ellipsoid or semicircular, 4–6.5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, compressed or slightly inflated, glabrous, reticulate, sometimes with a slightly granular texture, the margins slightly thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000173403 morphology 786000EC-F7AF-435F-BF6A-8E063B37BE54 Seeds reddish-brown, oblong-reniform, longest dimension 3.5 mm., shorter dimension 2.3 mm., 1.5 mm. thick; hilum small, elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472766-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 A much-branched prostrate cushion-forming subshrub or forming mats or sometimes an erect bushy herb, 0.2–1.2(–l.5) m. long or tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Stems glabrous or almost so or pubescent with tubercular-based hairs in Malawi variants. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Leaves 10–24-foliolate; leaflets oblong, obovate-oblong or almost linear, 1–7 mm. long, 0.5–2 mm. wide, acute to obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous; main nerve somewhat eccentric; rhachis and petiole together 0.5–2.2 cm. long with a row of spaced bristly hairs along the back; petiolules minute; stipules lanceolate, 3–9 mm. long, 0.6–2 mm. wide, acuminate, conspicuously appendaged on one side at the base, striate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Inflorescences axillary, few-flowered; rhachis 1–2 cm. long, ± glabrous; peduncle 0.5–2 cm. long; pedicels 0.5–1.4 cm. long, laxly covered with very distinctly tuberculate hairs; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2–4 mm. long, 1.5–2.2 mm. wide, mostly bifid, auriculate at the base, nerved, glabrous, persistent; bracteoles ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, acute or slightly acuminate, nerved, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Calyx with rather sparse tubercular-based hairs, 2-lipped; lips ovate or oblong, 3–6 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, one subentire, the other 3-toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Standard yellow with dark veining, obovate-oblong, 0.8–1 cm. long, 4–5.5 mm. wide; keel-petals not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Pod of 1 or mostly of 2 articles joined by a narrow neck, each almost round, one margin slightly curved, the other strongly curved, 3.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, compressed, at first smooth save for venation, later minutely rugulose and usually with very sparse tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000174095 morphology 5435033B-72FE-46A8-A991-F89FF09B8710 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472964-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Erect subshrub 6–45 cm. tall, with many stems from a woody rootstock, flowering after burns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Stems glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Leaves erect, pressed to the stem, 2–4-foliolate; leaflets obovate to oblanceolate-oblong, somewhat falcate, 0.4–1.3 cm. long, 2–6 mm. wide, mostly rounded at the apex, narrowed to the base, rather thick, glabrous, 3–6-nerved from the base; venation reticulate; petiole and rhachis together 2–4(–10) mm. long, with a line of hairs beneath; petiolules obsolete; stipules obovate-oblong or oblong-elliptic, 0.6–1.8 cm. long, 3–6 mm. wide, leafy, obliquely appendaged at the base on one side, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Inflorescences axillary, several-flowered; rhachis 2–6 cm. long, sparsely pubescent or glabrous; peduncle 1–1.5 cm. long; pedicels 2–4(–10) mm. long; bracts 2-lobed, persistent, the lobes lanceolate, 2–6.5 mm. long, 0.7–1.5 mm. wide, some of the lowest 3-partite, corresponding to 2 stipules and a reduced leaf; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 3–5.5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide; both bracts and bracteoles appendaged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Calyx 2-lipped, the lips ovate, 5.5–7 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. wide, the one 2-toothed, the other 3-toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Standard yellow or orange, violin-shaped, 1–1.3 cm. long, 7–8 mm. wide; keel-petals not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Pods reflexed, of 1 or 2 articles joined by a very narrow neck, each ± semicircular, lower margin rounded, upper margin straight, both somewhat thickened, 6–8 mm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, compressed, glabrous, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000173761 morphology 3A7AC56D-9EF2-433A-8316-D7ACE36407C9 Seeds chestnut-brown, ellipsoid-reniform, longest dimension 4.5 mm., shorter dimension 3 mm., 2 mm. thick; hilum elliptic, with a distinct flange-like rim-aril present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472865-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Probably a straggling subshrub, 15–30 cm. tall, with many suberect or spreading slender stems from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Stems mostly glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Leaves 6–10-foliolate; leaflets elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, 0.5–1 cm. long, 2.5–5.5 mm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at the apex, cuneate to obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous; main nerve eccentric and curved, there being 2–3 basal nerves in the wider side of the leaflet; petiole and rhachis together 1–2.5 cm. long; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules elliptic, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, acute, subcordate and mostly unilaterally appendaged at the base, glabrous or pubescent, at length deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Inflorescences axillary, few–10-flowered, often branched; rhachis 7 cm. long, densely pubescent with tubercular-based hairs; peduncle 5 mm. long; pedicels 5–6 mm. long; bracts ovate-elliptic or elliptic, 4–6 mm. long, 1.5–2.8 mm. wide, acute, pubescent with tubercular-based hairs and appearing glandular-serrulate, persistent; bracteoles similar, lanceolate, 4–5 mm. long, 1.2–1.6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Calyx pubescent with glandular-based hairs, 2-lipped, the lips oblong or ovate, ± 6–7 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, one emarginate, the other slightly 3-fid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Standard golden-yellow, violin-shaped, 1–1.3 cm. long, 7–8 mm. wide; keel-petals not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Pods of 1 article, almost round, 6.5 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, compressed, sparsely covered with tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000174062 morphology 46BADA3E-A29C-4627-A1E9-F3E3BC2310A7 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472956-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD An erect branched shrub or undershrub 0.6–3.6 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Stems covered with dense viscid tubercular-based hairs, later glabrescent or practically glabrous and ridged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Leaves 16–70-foliolate; leaflets linear or linear-oblong to obovate-oblong, 0.2–1.2 cm. long, 0.5–3 mm. wide, retuse to rounded and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous (rarely ciliate in some Angola specimens), densely minutely pellucid dotted; main nerve central; petiole and rhachis together 1–6.5 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules linear to ovate, 0.4–1.5 cm. long, 1–3.5 mm. wide, acuminate, not appendaged or with slight traces of an appendage, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Inflorescences axillary and/or terminal, branched or simple, sometimes aggregated to form leafy panicles, 3- to usually many-flowered; rhachis 3–13(–24) cm. long; peduncle 0.5–2 cm. long, densely pubescent; pedicels 2–7 mm. long, densely pubescent; bracts elliptic, 4–7 mm. long, 3–4.5 mm. wide, 2–3-fid, often ciliate, soon falling; bracteoles ovate, 5–7 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide, glabrous, sometimes ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Calyx glabrous or almost so, 2-lipped, the lips ovate-oblong or elliptic, 8–10 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, one emarginate, the other slightly 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Standard orange, violin-shaped, 1.6–1.9 cm. long, 0.9–1.2 cm. wide, emarginate; wings orange; keel-petals orange, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Pod of 1 or 2 articles joined by a very narrow neck, each elliptic, one margin slightly curved or straight, the other strongly curved, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, 5–8 mm. wide, compressed at first, glabrous, smooth and reticulate, but sometimes slightly rugulose when adult. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173330 morphology 41CD8B5C-0871-4B89-9E7A-17651BDCA8BD Seeds chestnut, elliptic-reniform, compressed, longest dimension 4.5–5.5 mm., shorter dimension 3–3.5 mm., 1.5 mm. thick; hilum small, broadly elliptic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472736-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Subshrub with slender somewhat woody erect or prostrate stems, 0.3–2.7 m. tall, from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Stems pubescent with glandular tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Leaves often fasciculate, 8–34-foliolate; leaflets linear to oblong, sometimes subfalcate, 1–7 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 (rarely –2 in Mozambique) mm. wide, acute to rounded and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrescent or glabrous but often conspicuously glandular ciliate, somewhat thick; main nerve ± marginal; petiole and rhachis together mostly very short, 0.5–3 cm. long, bristly pubescent; petiolules 0.2 mm. long; stipules linear- or ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, acuminate, not appendaged, scarious, nervose, ± persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Inflorescences axillary, often aggregated towards the apices of shoots to form leafy panicles; rhachis 1–10 cm. long; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long; pedicels 2–5 mm. long; bracts ovate, 2.5–3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 2–3-fid, ciliolate, soon falling; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Calyx puberulous, 2-lipped, the lips oblong, 3.5–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, one 2-lobed, the other 3-lobed and often ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Standard orange-yellow with purple-red veins, violin-shaped, 7–8 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, emarginate; wings pale yellow, longer than the standard; keel-petals greenish with reddish-purple nerves, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Pods of 1–2 articles joined by a very narrow neck, each ± semicircular, 4.5–9 mm. long, 4–6.5 mm. wide, glabrous or the margins puberulous, reticulate at first, later very minutely roughened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Seeds chestnut, elliptic-reniform, compressed, slightly obtusely beaked beyond the small eccentric round hilum, longest dimension 5 mm., shorter dimension 3.5 mm., 1.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173584 morphology D9B076C3-26FC-4DB4-8223-1F73FE6739D0 Fig. 56, p. 393. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472828-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Erect branched shrub l.5–2.5(–?4.5) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Stems at first pubescent with viscid tubercular-based hairs, sometimes peeling to leave a roughened surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Leaves fasciculate, 18–26(–40)-foliolate; leaflets linear-oblong, 1.5–3.5 mm. long, 0.5–0.7 mm. wide, acute and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, rather thick, imbricated, pubescent or glabrous, ciliolate; main nerve eccentric but not marginal, other venation prominent; petiole and rhachis together 0.4–0.8 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules lanceolate, 3 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, acute, not appendaged, striate, at length falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Inflorescences axillary, usually aggregated and forming a terminal panicle; rhachis 1.5–5 cm. long; peduncle 0.3–1.2 cm. long; pedicels 3 mm. long; bracts ovate, 3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, bifid, striate, pubescent, soon deciduous; bracteoles lanceolate, 5.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, ciliolate, at length deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Calyx slightly pubescent, 2-lipped; lips ovate or oblong, 7–10 mm. long, 2.2–5 mm. wide, one slightly to deeply emarginate, the other slightly trifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Standard yellow or orange, sometimes lined with purple or red, violin-shaped, 1.2–1.5 cm. long, 0.5–1.1 cm. wide; wings yellow or orange; keel-petals green or yellow, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Pod of 1 or 2 articles joined by a narrow neck; articles elliptic, with upper edge almost straight and lower edge strongly curved, 7.5–10 mm. long, 5.6–7 mm. wide, compressed, margined, glabrous, reticulately venose, later minutely verruculose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000173751 morphology C93A271B-A843-4EAC-8361-DEB10AD646A7 Seeds brown, ellipsoid-reniform, compressed, longest dimension 5 mm., shorter dimension 3.5 mm., 1.5 mm. thick; hilum small, round, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472860-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Erect irregularly branched shrub 1–4.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Stems at first pubescent, glabrescent or setulose-hairy, but bark soon breaking down to form a distinctive reddish-brown powdery coating. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Leaves mostly fasciculate, 20–40-foliolate; leaflets lanceolate or linear-oblong, 3–4 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, acute or obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, rather thick, imbricated, glabrous or pubescent but mostly glandular-ciliate; main nerve eccentric but not marginal, other venation obscure or prominent; petiole and rhachis together 0.5–2 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules lanceolate, 4.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, acute, shortly appendaged, striate, soon falling or persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Inflorescences axillary, short, often occurring over considerable lengths of shoots and giving a characteristic appearance to the plant; rhachis 1–5 cm. long; peduncle 0–5 mm. long; pedicels 3–5 mm. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate or ovate, 4–4.5 mm. long, 1.2–2 mm. wide, bifid, acute, striate, pubescent, soon falling; bracteoles ovate to lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, 1.2–1.5 mm. wide, pubescent, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Calyx pubescent or glabrescent, 2-lipped; lips oblong, 6.5–9(–10) mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. wide, one slightly emarginate, the other slightly trifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Standard yellow with purple lines outside or all yellow, obovate-oblong, 0.9–1.2 cm. long, 5–6 mm. wide; wings yellow; keel greenish-yellow, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Pod of 1 or 2 articles joined by a narrow neck; articles semicircular, the upper edge almost straight, lower edge strongly curved, margined, 6.5–9.5 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, compressed, entirely glabrous or pubescent or puberulous, at least on the margins, somewhat venose, sometimes minutely verruculose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000174009 morphology 49FDC4CF-5338-49DE-B867-443FD1B5AF5D Seeds reddish-brown, reniform, compressed, longest dimension 4 mm., shorter dimension 3 mm., 1.5 mm. thick; hilum small, round, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472942-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Dense bushy shrub 1.2–3.6 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Stems at first pubescent, but bark soon flaking away in thin papery pieces to reveal a dark rusty brown powdery or granular layer beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Leaves 40–60-foliolate; leaflets linear or narrowly linear-oblong, 4–7 mm. long, 0.8–1.5 mm. wide, acute and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, rather thick, imbricated, pubescent or glabrescent, ciliate; main nerve curved but ± central; petiole and rhachis together 2.5–4 cm. long; petiolules very short; stipules elliptic-lanceolate, 8 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, acuminate, apiculate, not appendaged, striate, pubescent, at length deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Inflorescences axillary, short, not or scarcely exceeding the leaves, few-flowered; rhachis 2 cm. long; peduncle 1.5 cm. long; pedicels 5–6 mm. long; bracts narrowly ovate, 4–5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, bifid, striate, pubescent, apparently persistent; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 5 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, acuminate, pubescent and ciliolate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Calyx pubescent, 2-lipped, the lips ovate or oblong, 1.1–1.4 cm. long, 4–7 mm. wide, one 2-toothed, the other deeply 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Standard orange-yellow with brown veins, violin-shaped, 1.7–2 cm. long, 1–1.4 cm. wide; wings orange-yellow; keel-petals whitish, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Pod of 1 or usually 2 articles joined by a narrow neck; articles elliptic or almost semicircular, one margin almost straight, the other strongly curved, 6–7 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, compressed, glabrous, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000173135 morphology 6021CCA3-C0BD-4527-9AD7-CA69468F2D19 Seeds (immature) dark reddish-brown, elliptic-reniform, longest dimension 3.5 mm., shorter dimension 2.5 mm., 1 mm. thick; hilum small, round, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472675-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Erect branched shrub or herb 0.8–4.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Stems puberulous with sometimes viscid tubercular-based hairs when young, later glabrous; epidermis at length peeling in thin pieces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Leaves often fasciculate, 10–30(–48)-foliolate; leaflets linear to linear-obovate, 0.2–1.2 cm. long, 0.5–3 mm. wide, truncate to rounded and mucronate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous; main nerve ± central; petiole and rhachis together 0.6–7 cm. long, somewhat pubescent; petiolules 0.3 mm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–9 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, acuminate, not appendaged but ± subcordate, nervose, mostly deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Inflorescences axillary or terminal, numerous, often lax, several-flowered; rhachis 2–15 cm. long; peduncle 0.2–1 cm. long; pedicels 1–6 mm. long, glabrous to sparsely puberulous; bracts ovate, 2–3 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, 2-lobed, soon falling; bracteoles ovate, 2.5–3 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Calyx 2-lipped, the lips ovate or oblong, 3–7 mm. long, 2–4.5 mm. wide, one emarginate, the other slightly 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Standard yellow with brown or purple veins or pinkish, tinged purple, violin-shaped, 0.5–1.3 cm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide; wings pale yellow or orange; keel-petals orange to very pale yellow, often veined with reddish-purple, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Pods of 1–2 articles joined by a very narrow neck, each elliptic, rounded or semicircular, 5–9 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, compressed or somewhat inflated, glabrous, reticulate and later finely to quite strongly rugulose, the tubercles sometimes arranged reticulately. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Seeds cream to reddish-brown, ovoid-reniform, compressed, longest dimension 3.6–5 mm., shorter dimension 2.6–3.5 mm., 1.8 mm. thick; hilum small, round, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000172982 morphology EBFC9245-679E-4F9F-9665-C9823C10E85B Fig. 54/6, p. 366. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472634-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Erect subshrub, 7–40 cm. tall, with many stems from a woody rootstock, flowering after burns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Stems glabrous or sparsely pubescent with tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Leaves 8–42-foliolate; leaflets oblong or obovate-oblong, 0.35–1.7 cm. long, 1.5–5 mm. wide, obtuse to emarginate and mucronulate at the apex, oblique at the base, glabrous; main nerve ± central; venation very prominent beneath; petiole and rhachis together 1.5–11 cm. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent; petiolules 0.3 mm. long; stipules lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 0.5–2.6 cm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, acuminate, mostly appendaged on one side or subcordate, leafy, glabrous, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Inflorescences axillary or terminal, sometimes branched, few–several-flowered; rhachis 2.5–8 cm. long; peduncle 1.2–2.5 cm. long, glabrous to puberulous; pedicels 0.3–0.55(–l.2 fide Léonard) cm. long, glabrous to puberulous; bracts ovate to ovate-elliptic, 4–5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, entire or with a few small teeth at the apex, soon falling; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. wide, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Calyx glabrous, 2-lipped, the lips ovate, 5–7 mm. long, 3–4.5 mm. wide, one 2-lobed, the other 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Standard bright yellow, violin-shaped, 0.9–1.2 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, emarginate; wings bright yellow; keel-petals greenish, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Pods of 1–3 articles joined by very narrow necks, each semicircular, 5.5–7 mm. long, 4.5–5.5 mm. wide, glabrous, reticulate, the margins thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173689 morphology A5483BF0-571D-4F7E-94CF-3BC0C9C2A0AF Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472845-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Erect subshrub 0.45–1(–1.5) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Stems densely pubescent, mostly sticky, glabrescent below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Leaves 10–46-foliolate; leaflets oblong to obovate-oblong, 0.4–1.7 cm. long, 1.5–7 mm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at the apex, oblique at the base, glabrous or slightly pubescent beneath when young, ciliolate or almost denticulate; main nerve ± central, venation slightly prominent; petiole and rhachis together 2–9.5(–12) cm. long, pubescent; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules linear to ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–1.4 cm. long, 1–2.5(–6) mm. wide, acuminate, unappendaged, subcordate or appendaged on one side, leafy, at first pubescent, later glabrescent, ciliolate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Inflorescences axillary, several-flowered; rhachis 4 cm. long, pubescent; peduncle 2 cm. long; pedicels 4–8 mm. long, pubescent; bracts ± oblong, 3–4 mm. wide, 3-toothed, glabrous but ciliolate, very soon falling; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, glabrous, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Calyx glabrous, 2-lipped, the lips ovate, 5–6 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, sometimes ciliolate, one 2-toothed, the other 3-toothed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Standard bright yellow, violin-shaped, 1–1.1 cm. long, 3–4.5 mm. wide; wings bright yellow; keel-petals pale yellow, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Pods of 1 article or 2 joined by a very narrow neck, each semicircular, 5.5–10 mm. long, 4.5–7.5 mm. wide, reticulate, either puberulous on the margins only or glandular pubescent all over. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000173678 morphology A0D5E099-78BF-445E-B6DA-96EBCD9FF363 Seeds dark reddish-brown, semicircular-reniform, longest dimension 4.8 mm., shorter dimension 3.8 mm., 1 mm. thick; hilum small, round, eccentric, the seed slightly beaked beyond it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472841-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Small shrub 0.8–3 m. tall or sometimes an ascending woody herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Stems slender, at first glandular pubescent with tubercular-based hairs, later glabrous; bark on older stems at length peeling to reveal a powdery rusty-red surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Leaves 16–40-foliolate; leaflets linear to linear-oblong or oblanceolate, 3–8 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely truncate at the base, glabrous; main nerve central, other venation rather obscure; petiole and rhachis together 1.5–3.5 cm. long, with a line of bristly hairs beneath; petiolules 0.3 mm. long; stipules narrowly lanceolate, 0.7–1.2 cm. long, 1–2.3 mm. wide, acuminate, conspicuously appendaged on one side at the base, soon falling or sometimes ± persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:15999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Inflorescences axillary, lax, several-flowered; rhachis 3–13 cm. long; peduncle 1–2 cm. long; pedicels 3–5.5 mm. long, with tubercular-based hairs; bracts elliptic-lanceolate, 4 mm. long, 1.6 mm. wide, 2–3-fid, glabrous, soon falling; bracteoles narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Calyx glabrous, 2-lipped; lips elliptic, 5–7 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, one slightly emarginate, the other shortly 3-toothed or almost entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Standard dark yellow, tinged brown outside, oblong but slightly narrowed at the middle, 7.5–10 mm. long, 3.5–4.5 mm. wide, ± truncate; wings yellow; keel-petals pale yellow, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Pod of 1 or less often 2 articles joined by a narrow neck; articles triangular with acute angles or rarely rounded, 0.7–1.1 cm. long, 6–8 mm. wide, compressed, glabrous or puberulous on the thickened margins, reticulate but smooth or at length very finely rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Seeds chestnut, irregularly compressed-reniform, slightly beaked beyond the small round eccentric hilum, longest dimension 5 mm., shorter dimension 4 mm., 1.5 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000174128 morphology 18C7F06C-BE79-476B-A698-76E363A3CA74 Fig. 54/8, p. 366. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472986-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Erect subshrub or shrub 0.4–3 m. tall, with several shoots, sometimes leafless when flowering, from a woody rootstock, some of the roots being tuberous; mostly appearing after burns. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Stems glabrous to densely viscid scabrid-pubescent or rarely stiffly spinulose with persistent hair-bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Leaves 28–104-foliolate; leaflets linear to oblong, 0.3–2.2(–5.5) cm. long, 0.7–7(–17) mm. wide, obtuse or emarginate and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous; main nerve ± central; petiole and rhachis 3–21 (–30) cm. long, glabrous to hispidulous; petiolules 1 mm. long; stipules ovate to linear-lanceolate, 0.6–1.6 cm. long, 1–5 mm. wide, acuminate, slightly subcordate but not appendaged at the base, sometimes ciliolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Inflorescences terminal or from the upper axils, slightly to very branched, lax and many-flowered; rhachis 3–45 cm. long; peduncle 2.5–6 cm. long; pedicels 0.3–1.1 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent; bracts oblong-elliptic, 2.5–4 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, entire or 2–3-toothed, soon falling; bracteoles lanceolate to obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, obtuse at the apex, glabrous, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Calyx glabrous, 2-lipped, the lips ovate or oblong, often ciliolate, 5.5–10 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, one emarginate, the other 3-lobed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Standard yellow with purple veins, ovate or ovate-elliptic, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, 4.5–7 mm. wide, emarginate; wings yellow with purple veins, about equalling the keel; keel-petals yellow with purple veins, 0.8–1.5 cm. long, not laciniate; filament-sheath usually as long as or longer than the 0.7–1.3 cm. long fruit-stipe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Pods of 1–3 articles joined by a very narrow neck consisting of practically nothing but the suture; articles semicircular, 1.2–2.1 cm. long, 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, papery, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173512 morphology F93D6CC7-A7B8-4A33-829D-79AC29B16E4C Seeds yellow-brown, irregularly compressed-renrform, longest dimension 5.5 mm., shorter dimension 4.5 mm., 1.1 mm. thick; hilum small, elliptic, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472806-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Subshrub or shrub, 0.15–3 m. tall, mostly erect with several stems from a woody rootstock, often coming up after burns and then frequently flowering when leafless or when the leaves are only slightly developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Stems glabrous to densely viscid pubescent or scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Leaves 14–80-foliolate; leaflets oblong or obovate-oblong, (0.3–)0.6–2.4 cm. long, (l.5–)2–8 mm. wide, obtuse to emarginate and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous; main nerve mostly central; petiole and rhachis together 3–25 cm. long, often pubescent; petiolules 0.5–1 mm. long; stipules ovate-to linear-lanceolate, 0.7–2.4 cm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, acuminate, somewhat auriculate but not appendaged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000060240 morphology 51B8FC94-3159-43B0-980E-7DEF099C021F Leaves ovate to elliptic, 2-9.5 cm long, 1-3.4 cm wide, cuneate and decurrent into a winged petioloid base, margins remotely crenate-serrate, apex acute or obtuse and minutely apiculate, thinly scattered-pubescent to subglabrous above, thinly shortly pubescent on veins beneath, sparsely glandular with sunken glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945376-1 wfo-0000060240 morphology 51B8FC94-3159-43B0-980E-7DEF099C021F Capitula in lax divaricate terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly pubescent; involucre 2-3 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, narrowly lanceolate, 1-2.3 mm long, acute to aristate, shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945376-1 wfo-0000060240 morphology 51B8FC94-3159-43B0-980E-7DEF099C021F Corolla mauve to purple, 1.8-2 mm long, lobes 0.6-0.8 mm long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945376-1 wfo-0000060240 morphology 51B8FC94-3159-43B0-980E-7DEF099C021F Achenes 1.3-2 mm long, terete, ascending-pubescent; pappus of a rim of scales 0.3-0.5 mm long, sometimes with a few inner longer caducous bristle-like scales up to 1.6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945376-1 wfo-0000017675 morphology AC44352D-1B3F-4877-8867-F76C88019E4D Annual herb 30-120 cm tall; stems much branched, the branches slender and ascending, shortly pubescent with simple and asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259034-1 wfo-0000017675 morphology AC44352D-1B3F-4877-8867-F76C88019E4D Leaves elliptic, 2.5-20 cm long, 0.8-8.5 cm wide, base cuneate or the proximal leaves cuneate-attenuate into a petioloid base, margins serrate, apex short-acuminate, apiculate, sparsely scabridulous-pubescent, glandular with sessile glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259034-1 wfo-0000017675 morphology AC44352D-1B3F-4877-8867-F76C88019E4D Capitula subsessile at the nodes on long arching branches, in seemingly spicate and secund scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula very short, ascending-pubescent; involucre urceolate, 4.5-7 mm long; phyllaries in 3-4 series, pale green with darker tips, outer and medium erect or somewhat recurving, linear-lanceolate, sparsely pubescent especially on margins in lower part, 2.5-6 mm long, attenuate-pungent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259034-1 wfo-0000017675 morphology AC44352D-1B3F-4877-8867-F76C88019E4D Corolla purple to pale mauve, rarely cream, 3-6 mm long, lobes 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259034-1 wfo-0000017675 morphology AC44352D-1B3F-4877-8867-F76C88019E4D Achenes cylindric or slightly turbinate, 1.4-2 mm long, 4-5-angled, shortly ascending-pubescent on the faces, glabrous on the angles; outer pappus of small triangular scales 0.1-0.2 mm long, inner pappus whiter, purple-tipped, 3-5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259034-1 wfo-0000051491 morphology 94B48686-11F6-4469-81E3-B4F01FA596E9 Perennial herb or subshrub 1.2-2.6 m tall; stems densely brown-pubescent with T-shaped and asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258886-1 wfo-0000051491 morphology 94B48686-11F6-4469-81E3-B4F01FA596E9 Leaves sessile or petiolate, elliptic to broadly lanceolate, 5-16 cm long, 1.2-5 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate into a petioloid base, margins entire or serrate, apex acute to acuminate, apiculate, pubescent and glabrescent above, tomentellous to finely pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258886-1 wfo-0000051491 morphology 94B48686-11F6-4469-81E3-B4F01FA596E9 Capitula in small rather lax terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent; involucre broadly campanulate, 10-15 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, ovate to lanceolate, 2-13 mm long, acute or with a recurved bristle, puberulous to pubescent, hyaline-margined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258886-1 wfo-0000051491 morphology 94B48686-11F6-4469-81E3-B4F01FA596E9 Corolla purple, pale mauve or whitish, ± 10 mm long, lobes ± 3 mm long, glandular-puberulent or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258886-1 wfo-0000051491 morphology 94B48686-11F6-4469-81E3-B4F01FA596E9 Achenes 3 mm long, strongly 8-10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent and glandular between the ribs; outer pappus of oblong scales 0.6-0.9 mm long, inner pappus stramineous, 5-8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258886-1 wfo-0000043532 morphology B6ED1B22-808B-4450-B7F6-A842CD289419 Erect herb 50-60 cm tall; stems several, arising from woody rootstock, densely leafy almost from the base, thinly pubescent with simple hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934996-1 wfo-0000043532 morphology B6ED1B22-808B-4450-B7F6-A842CD289419 Leaves rather crowded, sessile, lanceolate, 2-4.3 cm long, 0.3-1.8 cm wide, base attenuate, margins revolute, apex acute and apiculate, thinly sericeous when young, glabrescent, glandular with sunken glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934996-1 wfo-0000043532 morphology B6ED1B22-808B-4450-B7F6-A842CD289419 Capitula sessile in dense terminal glomerules surrounded by foliage leaves; involucre turbinate, 10-13 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, purplish at least in upper part, lanceolate, the inner slightly recurving, 3-10 mm long, acute, distally pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934996-1 wfo-0000043532 morphology B6ED1B22-808B-4450-B7F6-A842CD289419 Corolla purplish red or lilac, 7.5-12 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934996-1 wfo-0000043532 morphology B6ED1B22-808B-4450-B7F6-A842CD289419 Achenes obconical, ± 3 mm long, strongly ascending-sericeous; outer pappus of narrow scales, 3 mm long, inner pappus of plumose bristles, 6-7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934996-1 wfo-0000087668 morphology 1B8CA245-1A57-464D-97EE-F88EC0CE9E31 Semi-succulent shrub 0.5–3 m tall, sometimes scandent or scrambling, arising from a tuberous base; stems at first with white floccose tomentum, glabrescent, becoming green and glossy; plant sometimes flowering when leafless. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259668-1 wfo-0000087668 morphology 1B8CA245-1A57-464D-97EE-F88EC0CE9E31 Leaves sessile, fleshy, narrowly obovate to elliptic or lanceolate, 5–17 cm long, 1–4 cm wide, the uppermost leaves as small as 2 cm long and 0.3 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins entire, obtuse to acute or acuminate, at first with ± white floccose tomentum especially on midrib beneath, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259668-1 wfo-0000087668 morphology 1B8CA245-1A57-464D-97EE-F88EC0CE9E31 Capitula few in terminal pedunculate corymbiform cymes on long or less often on short shoots, erect in flower, pendent in fruit; stalks of individual capitula floccose-tomentose with white hairs; involucre 14–17 mm long, 10–18 mm in diameter; phyllaries 4-seriate, green, especially the midrib purplish at the apex, broadly ovate to lanceolate, the inner oblong, 5–15 mm long, obtuse to rounded, the inner sometimes truncate, white-floccose especially on margins, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259668-1 wfo-0000087668 morphology 1B8CA245-1A57-464D-97EE-F88EC0CE9E31 Corolla blue-green or pale turquoise, fading to dull pinkish purple, scentless, 17–24 mm long, lobes 4.5–8 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259668-1 wfo-0000087668 morphology 1B8CA245-1A57-464D-97EE-F88EC0CE9E31 Achenes cylindric or narrowly obconic, 5.5–6 mm long, obtusely 10-ribbed, densely ascending-sericeous; outer pappus indistinct, of narrow unequal scales, 1.5–3.5 mm long, inner pappus of tawny flattened bristles, 8–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259668-1 wfo-0000032629 morphology 80DA6034-2A11-49C4-A4A1-CA0D45CE2687 Perennial herb, sometimes woody near the base, 60–200 cm tall, from a small woody rootstock; stems stiffly erect, branched in the upper parts, ridged, scabrid with simple hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259179-1 wfo-0000032629 morphology 80DA6034-2A11-49C4-A4A1-CA0D45CE2687 Leaves rather crowded, aromatic, sessile or subsessile, elliptic or ovate to narrowly lanceolate, 3–10(–16) cm long, 0.5–3.5 cm wide, the uppermost smaller, base cuneate to rounded and semi-amplexicaul, margins minutely apiculate-denticulate to apiculate-serrate, apex acute and apiculate to slightly aristate, scabrid on both surfaces but more densely so beneath, with dense sessile glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259179-1 wfo-0000032629 morphology 80DA6034-2A11-49C4-A4A1-CA0D45CE2687 Capitula few to many in rather dense subcorymbiform terminal scorpioid cymes; involucre broadly ovoid to broadly campanulate, 12–18 mm long, 10–24 mm in diameter at flowering time, subtended and sometimes partly obscured by the tiny uppermost leaves; phyllaries 4–8-seriate, erect and appressed or especially the inner ± recurving or spreading distally, often purplish towards the apices, broadly to narrowly lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, the outer from 3 mm long, the inner 8–16 mm long, acutely or acuminately pungent or attenuate-pungent, thickly to thinly arachnoid-tomentose or finely pubescent at least on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259179-1 wfo-0000032629 morphology 80DA6034-2A11-49C4-A4A1-CA0D45CE2687 Florets many (60+); corolla purple or mauve, 6.5–14 mm long, tube narrowly infundibuliform, lobes 1.5–3.3 mm long, glabrous or usually with a few stiff apical hairs, with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259179-1 wfo-0000032629 morphology 80DA6034-2A11-49C4-A4A1-CA0D45CE2687 Achenes subcylindric, 2–4 mm long, 10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus scale-like, 0.5–2 mm long, inner pappus 4.5–8 mm long, stramineous or violet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259179-1 wfo-0000084073 morphology 6F5CC717-5854-4C3F-A341-62BDD6744C88 Perennial herb with 1–several annual stems to 80 cm high from a creeping woody rhizome; young branches sparsely scabridulous-pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258619-1 wfo-0000084073 morphology 6F5CC717-5854-4C3F-A341-62BDD6744C88 Leaves obovate, 4–19 cm long, 1.5–4.5 cm wide, base long-attenuate, margins subentire to spiny-denticulate, apex acute, scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258619-1 wfo-0000084073 morphology 6F5CC717-5854-4C3F-A341-62BDD6744C88 Inflorescence terminal, subspicate, the capitula sessile on the branch in the axil of a reduced leaf or in small Groups on short side-branches to 1 cm long; involucre obconic, 17–21 mm long; phyllaries 4–5-seriate, straw-coloured with purple tip, lanceolate, 3–19 mm long, acute-aristate, glabrous to hispid, pectinate-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258619-1 wfo-0000084073 morphology 6F5CC717-5854-4C3F-A341-62BDD6744C88 Florets 5–15 per capitulum; corolla bright bluish purple, 14–19 mm long including lobes of 4–5 mm long with a tiny tuft of hair at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258619-1 wfo-0000084073 morphology 6F5CC717-5854-4C3F-A341-62BDD6744C88 Achenes ellipsoid, 7–9 mm long, 8–10-ribbed, pubescent; pappus in several series, outer of short scale-like setae, inner of setae 10–13 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258619-1 wfo-0000095825 morphology 477F880D-48A3-45BB-B4FC-3A63274D7F3A Herb 50–120(–200 outside our area) cm tall, with annual stems from a perennial creeping rhizome; stems unbranched but for the inflorescence, sparsely hispid with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258609-1 wfo-0000095825 morphology 477F880D-48A3-45BB-B4FC-3A63274D7F3A Leaves sessile, erect or ascending, ovate to narrowly oblong or lanceolate, 1.2–7 cm long, 0.3–2.4 cm wide, decreasing in size and becoming relatively narrower up the stem, base cuneate to rounded, margins revolute and remotely obscurely denticulate, apex acute and apiculate, scabrid on both surfaces but more sparsely so beneath, with dense sessile glands beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258609-1 wfo-0000095825 morphology 477F880D-48A3-45BB-B4FC-3A63274D7F3A Capitula few to several in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula thinly pubescent; involucre campanulate, 5–10 mm long; phyllaries 5-seriate, purplish especially towards the apex and on upper margins, ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–8.2 mm long, the outer acute, the inner obtuse and sometimes slightly expanded at the apex, all apiculate or pungent, thinly arachnoid with brownish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258609-1 wfo-0000095825 morphology 477F880D-48A3-45BB-B4FC-3A63274D7F3A Corolla mauve or purple, 7–8.2 mm long, lobes 2–2.7 mm long, glabrous or with a few long apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258609-1 wfo-0000095825 morphology 477F880D-48A3-45BB-B4FC-3A63274D7F3A Achenes brown, cylindric, 2–2.5 mm long, 5–10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent, glandular; outer pappus 0.6–1.2 mm long, inner pappus 5–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258609-1 wfo-0000060823 morphology 94922A16-FBE1-4AE2-9D15-D355C82B7F63 Herb with annual stems 1–2 m tall from a perennial short woody rootstock; stems erect, hardly branched, pale green or purplish, ridged, shortly ascending-scabrid with simple hairs, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257786-1 wfo-0000060823 morphology 94922A16-FBE1-4AE2-9D15-D355C82B7F63 Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, elliptic to linear, 4–17 cm long, 0.4–4.4 cm wide, the upper smaller, base cuneate to truncate or cordate, margins slightly revolute, serrate or subentire, apex acute and apiculate to acuminate and aristate, scabrid above, hispidulous beneath especially on veins, with dense sessile glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257786-1 wfo-0000060823 morphology 94922A16-FBE1-4AE2-9D15-D355C82B7F63 Capitula numerous in compound terminal corymbiform cymes, often rather crowded; involucre cylindric or ovoid, 5–10 mm long, 4–15 mm in diameter, occasionally subtended by tiny leaves; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, often purplish especially in upper part, erect or sometimes ± recurving at the apices, 2–10 mm long, lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, acute or attenuate, the inner obtuse, all pungent, thinly arachnoid-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257786-1 wfo-0000060823 morphology 94922A16-FBE1-4AE2-9D15-D355C82B7F63 Florets many (± 50); corolla purple, purplish blue or mauve, 7–9 mm long, lobes 1.5–3 mm long, glabrous or with a few stiff apical hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257786-1 wfo-0000060823 morphology 94922A16-FBE1-4AE2-9D15-D355C82B7F63 Achenes cylindric, about 2.5 mm long, 10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus scale-like, 0.5–1.2 mm long, inner pappus 3.5–5.5 mm long, tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257786-1 wfo-0000023884 morphology 6145188A-286A-4393-96DB-E373FD397017 Herb with annual stems 10–40(–70) cm tall from a perennial woody rootstock; stems several, erect or ascending, branching, sometimes purplish, faintly ribbed, sparsely pubescent with ± ascending simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259342-1 wfo-0000023884 morphology 6145188A-286A-4393-96DB-E373FD397017 Leaves sessile, linear-elliptic or oblanceolate-oblong, 1–6 cm long, 0.1–0.8 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins serrate to subentire, apex obtuse to acute and apiculate, puberulous but glabrescent, densely gland-dotted beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259342-1 wfo-0000023884 morphology 6145188A-286A-4393-96DB-E373FD397017 Capitula solitary and terminal on the branches, long-pedunculate, but several branches close together may give the look of a compound inflorescence; involucre 5–12 mm long, 8–14 mm in diameter; phyllaries greenish yellow, 4-seriate, erect or the outer slightly recurved, purple in upper part, narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate, the inner narrowly oblong, 5–12 mm long, acute or pungent, minutely puberulous and glandular, pectinate on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259342-1 wfo-0000023884 morphology 6145188A-286A-4393-96DB-E373FD397017 Corolla pale to deep purple, 6–11 mm long, the tube finely hairy with long slender hairs, lobes 1.5–3.3 mm long, with or without long fine apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259342-1 wfo-0000023884 morphology 6145188A-286A-4393-96DB-E373FD397017 Achenes brown, cylindric, 3.8–5 mm long, narrowly 10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales 1–1.5 mm long, inner pappus tawny or stramineous, 6–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259342-1 wfo-0000080277 morphology 86679F9B-AEE5-49C2-B89B-CEEA73522771 Herb with annual stems 40–120 cm tall from a perennial woody rootstock; stems unbranched, densely tomentose, leafy in the upper two-thirds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258750-1 wfo-0000080277 morphology 86679F9B-AEE5-49C2-B89B-CEEA73522771 Leaves sessile, elliptic to narrowly obovate, 5–16 cm long, 1–5 cm wide, narrowed towards and then ± rounded at the base, margins obscurely sinuate-serrate, apex obtuse, apiculate, green and thinly shortly pubescent above, white or grey tomentellous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258750-1 wfo-0000080277 morphology 86679F9B-AEE5-49C2-B89B-CEEA73522771 Capitula solitary or in few-headed terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre hemispherical or broadly campanulate, 12–23 mm long, 20–30 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 5-seriate, with purplish rather scarious apices, lanceolate or oblong, 6–22 mm long, keeled, acute, obtuse or acuminate-apiculate, shortly tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258750-1 wfo-0000080277 morphology 86679F9B-AEE5-49C2-B89B-CEEA73522771 Corolla purple or mauve, 11–21 mm long, lobes 4–5 mm long with long apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258750-1 wfo-0000080277 morphology 86679F9B-AEE5-49C2-B89B-CEEA73522771 Achenes cylindric, often slightly curved, 4–8 mm long, 10-ribbed, glabrous, glandular; outer pappus 1.5–3 mm long, inner pappus 9–11 mm long, tawny, thickened near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258750-1 wfo-0000123815 morphology 67702FE9-6BBF-4244-B5F6-B64BF5CE8DA5 Herb, precociously flowering with leafless flowering stems 15–40 cm tall forming small tufts arising from a perennial woody rootstock; rootstock-crown woolly with pale brown simple or asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258229-1 wfo-0000123815 morphology 67702FE9-6BBF-4244-B5F6-B64BF5CE8DA5 Leaves all basal, 1–several, spatulate, up to 45 cm long, 13 cm wide (when young?), base long-attenuate, margins dentate with purplish hairs, apex acute and apiculate or rounded, brown-tomentellous and glandular on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258229-1 wfo-0000123815 morphology 67702FE9-6BBF-4244-B5F6-B64BF5CE8DA5 Flowering stems branched, purplish, ribbed, with linear bracts up to 36 mm long; capitula many, in lax corymbiform cymes, long-pedunculate; involucre 10–16 mm long, 12–20 mm in diameter; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, purple-tinged in upper part, lanceolate or oblong, the innermost 11–15 mm long, obtuse to acute (and the inner acuminate), with membranous apices and margins in upper part, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258229-1 wfo-0000123815 morphology 67702FE9-6BBF-4244-B5F6-B64BF5CE8DA5 Corolla pinkish mauve, mauve or purple, 7–12 mm long, lobes 2 mm long, glabrous, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258229-1 wfo-0000123815 morphology 67702FE9-6BBF-4244-B5F6-B64BF5CE8DA5 Achenes cylindric, 3–5 mm long, densely ascending-sericeous, glandular; outer pappus of unequal scales, 1–3 mm long, inner pappus white, 8–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258229-1 wfo-0000123815 morphology 67702FE9-6BBF-4244-B5F6-B64BF5CE8DA5 Fig. 45/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258229-1 wfo-0000076049 morphology 12EB3688-AC76-4483-824F-98A4DB35FDA5 Usually precociously flowering acaulescent herb with perennial woody rootstock; crown of rootstock densely brown woolly; plants 2–5 cm tall, the capitula subsessile on the apex of the rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258099-1 wfo-0000076049 morphology 12EB3688-AC76-4483-824F-98A4DB35FDA5 Leaves appearing with or more often after flowering, 1–5, all basal, ascending, membranous, narrowly elliptic, 15–40 cm long, 2.3–9 cm wide, base long-attenuate, margins sinuate-serrate, apex obtuse to rounded, minutely apiculate, scabridulous above, scattered-pubescent beneath with long T-shaped hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258099-1 wfo-0000076049 morphology 12EB3688-AC76-4483-824F-98A4DB35FDA5 Capitula solitary, subsessile at soil level; involucre 10–16 mm long, 15–25 mm in diameter; phyllaries 3-seriate, often with purplish membranous margins and apices, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 8–18.5 mm long, obtuse to acute, apiculate, glandular and pubescent near the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258099-1 wfo-0000076049 morphology 12EB3688-AC76-4483-824F-98A4DB35FDA5 Corolla purple or mauve, 8–14 mm long, lobes 2.5–3 mm long, glabrous or with a few long apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258099-1 wfo-0000076049 morphology 12EB3688-AC76-4483-824F-98A4DB35FDA5 Achenes cylindric, 3.8–4.5 mm long, 7–12-ribbed, long ascending-pilose, glandular; outer pappus of narrow unequal scales 1.5–4 mm long, inner pappus tawny, of subplumose bristles, 5–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258099-1 wfo-0000076049 morphology 12EB3688-AC76-4483-824F-98A4DB35FDA5 Fig. 45/5–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258099-1 wfo-0000046038 morphology 7D3D8B0C-20C0-469D-9FF4-779F6BAF8264 Herb with erect annual flowering stems 45–60 cm tall, arising from perennial rootstock with brown woolly crown; flowering stems ribbed, pubescent with T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259463-1 wfo-0000046038 morphology 7D3D8B0C-20C0-469D-9FF4-779F6BAF8264 Basal leaves appearing with or after the flowers, 4–8, elliptic or obovate, 7–14(–25) cm long, 2–5 cm wide, cuneate into a petioloid base, margins entire or serrate, apex rounded or obtuse, thinly pubescent above and beneath and with dense sunken glands; cauline leaves rarely present and then very few, narrowly obovate, 4–10 cm long, 1–3.5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259463-1 wfo-0000046038 morphology 7D3D8B0C-20C0-469D-9FF4-779F6BAF8264 Capitula in lax, few-headed bracteate corymbiform cymes with long stalks to the individual capitula; involucre subglobose or campanulate, 10–15 mm long, 13–18 mm in diameter; phyllaries 4–6-seriate, green with purplish membranous margin, elliptic, 2–13 mm long, obtuse to rounded, tomentose, ± scarious and sometimes slightly laciniate at the apex, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259463-1 wfo-0000046038 morphology 7D3D8B0C-20C0-469D-9FF4-779F6BAF8264 Corolla mauve with paler base, 9–12.5 mm long, lobes 3–4.5 mm long, glabrous, with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259463-1 wfo-0000046038 morphology 7D3D8B0C-20C0-469D-9FF4-779F6BAF8264 Achenes cylindric, 3.5–4.3 mm long, strongly 8–10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent and glandular; outer pappus 1.3–2 mm long, inner pappus tawny, 5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259463-1 wfo-0000046038 morphology 7D3D8B0C-20C0-469D-9FF4-779F6BAF8264 Fig. 45/10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259463-1 wfo-0000029267 morphology 5F0ED0EE-0345-4464-A345-57CDB6BE93F3 Scapose herb 5–30 cm tall, from a thickened woody rootstock; root-crown brown-lanate; flowering stems reddish, with bracts up to 3 cm long, densely tomentose with simple and asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257730-1 wfo-0000029267 morphology 5F0ED0EE-0345-4464-A345-57CDB6BE93F3 Leaves appearing with or after the flowers, 3–8, all basal, membranous, obovate, elliptic or ovate, 3–8 cm long, 1–3.6 cm wide, cuneate then attenuate into petioloid base, margins entire with purplish hairs, apex rounded or subacute, scabrid above, tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257730-1 wfo-0000029267 morphology 5F0ED0EE-0345-4464-A345-57CDB6BE93F3 Capitula solitary, terminal on the scapes; involucre 11–17 mm long, 15–20 mm in diameter; phyllaries green with mauve margins, 2–4-seriate, broadly ovate to ovate, 10–15 mm long, acute to acuminate, pectinate-ciliate, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257730-1 wfo-0000029267 morphology 5F0ED0EE-0345-4464-A345-57CDB6BE93F3 Corolla deep mauve, 8–15 mm long, lobes 2.5–3 mm long, with a few subapical multicellular hairs, with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257730-1 wfo-0000029267 morphology 5F0ED0EE-0345-4464-A345-57CDB6BE93F3 Achenes cylindric, 2.5–3 mm long, 10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus 2.2–2.5 mm long, wider than inner, inner pappus tawny, 8.5–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257730-1 wfo-0000029267 morphology 5F0ED0EE-0345-4464-A345-57CDB6BE93F3 Fig. 45/9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257730-1 wfo-0000025616 morphology 40402831-0924-4055-80F0-DAF3FB03AB58 Erect subscapose herb 10–70 cm tall, arising from perennial woody rootstock with brown-lanate crown; roots many, spreading; stems annual, simple but for the inflorescence, leafy only near the base, tomentose with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259123-1 wfo-0000025616 morphology 40402831-0924-4055-80F0-DAF3FB03AB58 Leaves appearing before or with the flowers, mostly basal, ascending, spatulate with an elliptic or ovate blade, 10–27 cm long, 2.4–10 cm wide, cuneate then attenuate into the petioloid base, this to 10 cm long, margins obscurely crenate-denticulate with purplish hairs, apex obtuse to rounded, thinly scabridulous-pubescent on both surfaces and with dense sunken glands beneath; stem leaves few, much smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259123-1 wfo-0000025616 morphology 40402831-0924-4055-80F0-DAF3FB03AB58 Capitula in dense terminal subumbelliform cymes 2.5–6 cm in diameter; stalks of individual capitula densely tomentose; involucre campanulate, 7–12 mm long, 10–14 mm in diameter; phyllaries 3-seriate, green with purple margins, oblong to elliptic, 3–10 mm long, obtuse to rounded, the innermost sometimes acute, pubescent and glandular, membranous-fringed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259123-1 wfo-0000025616 morphology 40402831-0924-4055-80F0-DAF3FB03AB58 Corolla purple or mauve, 6–10 mm long, lobes 2–2.6 mm long, with subapical multicellular hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259123-1 wfo-0000025616 morphology 40402831-0924-4055-80F0-DAF3FB03AB58 Achenes cylindric, 3–4.3 mm long, 8–10-ribbed, sparsely shortly ascending-pubescent, glandular; outer pappus of scales 1.4–2 mm long, inner pappus 5.5–7.5 mm long, tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259123-1 wfo-0000025616 morphology 40402831-0924-4055-80F0-DAF3FB03AB58 Fig. 45/7, p. 222. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259123-1 wfo-0000135808 morphology B92887D1-4CF0-4648-BA1E-0F111DE0545E Perennial herb 0.6–1.7 m tall; stems erect, striate, with minute appressed simple hairs and sessile glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258626-1 wfo-0000135808 morphology B92887D1-4CF0-4648-BA1E-0F111DE0545E Leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate, 10–16 cm long, 0.35–1(–2) cm wide, base attenuate, margins revolute, entire or serrulate, apex attenuate and acute or less often obtuse, puberulous and glabrescent above, with scabridulous margins, appressed-pubescent beneath, densely glandular on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258626-1 wfo-0000135808 morphology B92887D1-4CF0-4648-BA1E-0F111DE0545E Capitula few to many in lax terminal corymbiform scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-hairy; involucre 10–13 mm long, 15–20 mm in diameter; phyllaries 4-seriate, purple-tinged especially at the apices, lanceolate to oblong, 2–11 mm long, the outer acute, the inner obtuse to truncate, apiculate, laxly arachnoid and glandular, more densely so at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258626-1 wfo-0000135808 morphology B92887D1-4CF0-4648-BA1E-0F111DE0545E Corolla purple, 11–13 mm long, lobes 4–4.5 mm long, with a few slender hairs below the apex, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258626-1 wfo-0000135808 morphology B92887D1-4CF0-4648-BA1E-0F111DE0545E Achenes cylindric-turbinate, 3–4 mm, 8–10-ribbed, pubescent except at the base; outer pappus of narrow scales, 0.5–1 mm long, inner pappus 5 mm long, subplumose, stramineous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258626-1 wfo-0000116880 morphology 2499684E-C511-47D6-B60F-4FDD2176BCEC Annual herb, sometimes a short-lived perennial, 13–500 cm tall, erect or sometimes straggling, sometimes much-branched; stems ribbed, densely pubescent with appressed and usually with longer spreading crispate incipiently asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258402-1 wfo-0000116880 morphology 2499684E-C511-47D6-B60F-4FDD2176BCEC Leaves sessile, sometimes rather crowded, elliptic or linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 3–25 cm long, 0.2–5 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins minutely to distinctly serrulate or denticulate with apiculate teeth, apex attenuate or acuminate-attenuate, scabridulous but glabrescent and sometimes somewhat bullate above, finely pubescent at least or especially on veins and sometimes glabrescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258402-1 wfo-0000116880 morphology 2499684E-C511-47D6-B60F-4FDD2176BCEC Capitula solitary or few to numerous in lax to rather dense terminal compound corymbiform (sometimes ± scorpioid) cymes; stalks of individual capitula pubescent or densely so, sometimes slightly expanded below the capitula; involucre ovoid to subglobose, 8–25 mm long, 9–15 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 4–6-seriate, pale green often with darker green upper part (sometimes purplish on the inner ones), linear to lanceolate, the inner sometimes elliptic or oblanceolate, erect or ± spreading to strongly deflexed in upper part, 8.5–21 mm long, acute, attenuate or rarely acuminate, often ± pungent, the inner sometimes obtuse to truncate and then laciniate, thinly to strongly arachnoid-pubescent, sometimes ascending-hispid in upper part especially on margins, the inner glabrous but for the apices; appendage-like upper part of outer and median phyllaries narrowly to broadly lanceolate, 3–10.5 mm long, 0.3–2.7 mm broad, attenuate to acuminate, often spreading, or spreading then ascending or recurving. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258402-1 wfo-0000116880 morphology 2499684E-C511-47D6-B60F-4FDD2176BCEC Corolla pink, mauve, purple, violet, blue or pale greenish blue, 7.5–16.5 mm long, lobes 2–6.7 mm long, shortly hairy at the apex, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258402-1 wfo-0000116880 morphology 2499684E-C511-47D6-B60F-4FDD2176BCEC Achenes blackish, narrowly obovoid, 3.5–8.2 mm long, 10-ribbed, densely ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of very narrow scales, 0.5–2 mm long, inner pappus tawny, dark browny sordid or grey, 5.5–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258402-1 wfo-0000009325 morphology BDEE3932-0071-4B69-90FE-CA3FD2E00722 Somewhat woody herb, occasionally scrambling, 90­–200 cm tall, single-stemmed, much-branched; stems thinly crispate-pubescent with simple hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258589-1 wfo-0000009325 morphology BDEE3932-0071-4B69-90FE-CA3FD2E00722 Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate, elliptic or broadly elliptic to slightly oblanceolate, 3.5–25 cm long, 1.5–9 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate, margins remotely apiculate-serrate to coarsely serrate, apex shortly acuminate, dark green, shiny, thinly hispid or scabridulous and glabrescent above, thinly pubescent especially on veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258589-1 wfo-0000009325 morphology BDEE3932-0071-4B69-90FE-CA3FD2E00722 Capitula few to many in often copious, sometimes rather lax terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre ovoid-cylindrical, 10–18 mm long; phyllaries 4–7-seriate, appressed, lanceolate, the innermost 8–16 mm long, dark in upper part, ciliate-pectinate on the margins, acuminate or attenuate, the distal part in outer and middle phyllaries appendage-like, lanceolate, 2–7 mm, sometimes recurving, 0.7–1.4 mm wide, 1.8–10 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258589-1 wfo-0000009325 morphology BDEE3932-0071-4B69-90FE-CA3FD2E00722 Corolla blue or mauve, fading with age to lilac or almost white, 10.5–16 mm long, lobes 3–5.5 mm long, with a few stiff apical hairs and stipitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258589-1 wfo-0000009325 morphology BDEE3932-0071-4B69-90FE-CA3FD2E00722 Achenes 10-ribbed, 6.5–8.5 mm long, shortly ascending-pubescent, dark brown or black; carpopodium large; outer pappus of narrow oblong scales, 1–3 mm long, inner pappus tawny, 8–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258589-1 wfo-0000045134 morphology F736D6A3-15F0-4F89-9E06-A9F437AD58F0 Perennial herb 60–150 cm tall arising from a woody rootstock; stems woody at base, sometimes red, at first finely floccose-tomentose, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258138-1 wfo-0000045134 morphology F736D6A3-15F0-4F89-9E06-A9F437AD58F0 Leaves sessile, elliptic to broadly so, 5–11 cm long, 2.6–5.4 cm wide, cuneate to rounded and shortly decurrent on to short petioloid base, sinuate-serrate or serrate, obtuse and apiculate, pale green, coriaceous, scabrid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258138-1 wfo-0000045134 morphology F736D6A3-15F0-4F89-9E06-A9F437AD58F0 Capitula few in small terminal and lateral corymbiform cymes, often forming ± elongated compound cymes; stalks of individual capitula conspicuously multibracteolate; involucre 13–22 mm long; phyllaries 6–7-seriate, oblong or lanceolate, 12–20 mm long, acute, pectinate-ciliate on margins, densely floccose-tomentose, the median and inner with slightly expanded triangular apical appendages, these elliptic, ovate or obovate, the largest 4.5–6.5 mm long, 1.7–2.8 mm wide, 1.7–2.6 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258138-1 wfo-0000045134 morphology F736D6A3-15F0-4F89-9E06-A9F437AD58F0 Corolla purple or blue, fading to whitish, 15.5 mm long, lobes 5.5 mm long, with stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258138-1 wfo-0000045134 morphology F736D6A3-15F0-4F89-9E06-A9F437AD58F0 Achenes 7.3–7.5 mm long, many-ribbed, shortly sericeous; outer pappus 1.5–3 mm long, inner pappus tawny, 9–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258138-1 wfo-0000135564 morphology C0E3BEEC-31F9-495E-A143-AAFD589538B5 Perennial herb, 45–150 cm tall; stems arising from woody rootstock, pubescent but rapidly glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259604-1 wfo-0000135564 morphology C0E3BEEC-31F9-495E-A143-AAFD589538B5 Leaves subsessile, elliptic, 2–10 cm long, 1–4 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margins serrate or sharply so, apex shortly acuminate, coriaceous, pale green, glabrous above, thinly hispid or scabrid beneath especially on main veins, ± glabrescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259604-1 wfo-0000135564 morphology C0E3BEEC-31F9-495E-A143-AAFD589538B5 Capitula few to numerous in spreading ± divaricate terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre 12–17 mm long; phyllaries 6-seriate, oblong, 4–14 mm long, with lanceolate to triangular keeled appendages, the largest 3–6.5 mm long, 0.7–2 mm wide, 2.5–6 times as long as wide, ± floccose-tomentose especially when young, pectinate-ciliate on margins, grey-green with darker apices, the outer ± recurving. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259604-1 wfo-0000135564 morphology C0E3BEEC-31F9-495E-A143-AAFD589538B5 Corolla mauve to blue, 12–17 mm long, the tube glandular, the lobes 3.5–4.5 mm long, with stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259604-1 wfo-0000135564 morphology C0E3BEEC-31F9-495E-A143-AAFD589538B5 Achenes (immature) 7.5–8 mm long, densely long ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrowly lanceolate scales, 1.2–1.5 mm long, inner pappus 10–12 mm long, subplumose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259604-1 wfo-0000004253 morphology 0EAB2232-078A-410E-83F8-BCD14F5DAA69 Perennial herb 20–75 cm tall; stems erect, one or several, arising from woody rootstock, often purplish, scattered-setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258825-1 wfo-0000004253 morphology 0EAB2232-078A-410E-83F8-BCD14F5DAA69 Leaves oblanceolate, 8–23.5 cm long, 2.2–4.5 cm wide, cuneate to attenuate into petioloid base, obscurely to coarsely serrate, apex obtuse to shortly acuminate, hispid especially beneath or scabrid, glabrescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258825-1 wfo-0000004253 morphology 0EAB2232-078A-410E-83F8-BCD14F5DAA69 Capitula solitary or 2–13 in lax corymbiform cymes, globose; stalks of individual capitula sometimes with numerous narrow bracteoles below the capitulum; involucre 15–30 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, lanceolate, 6–23 mm long, acute or attenuate, pale green with darker green or sometimes reddish purple apices, the outer erect or spreading; upper part of phyllaries appendage-like, narrowly lanceolate, 3–12 mm long, 0.5–1.2 mm wide, 4.2–12 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258825-1 wfo-0000004253 morphology 0EAB2232-078A-410E-83F8-BCD14F5DAA69 Corolla vivid blue-green, turquoise or pale blue, 15–27 mm long, lobes 5.5–8 mm long, with a few stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258825-1 wfo-0000004253 morphology 0EAB2232-078A-410E-83F8-BCD14F5DAA69 Achenes 7–7.7 mm long, 10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent except towards the base, or glabrous, or glabrous except for a few fine hairs at the apex; outer pappus 1.5–4.5 mm long, inner pappus 11–18.5 mm long, tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258825-1 wfo-0000084618 morphology 697D68BF-3993-405D-B1E4-3D80EAF1A939 Perennial herb 30–120 cm tall; root woody; stems erect, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258567-1 wfo-0000084618 morphology 697D68BF-3993-405D-B1E4-3D80EAF1A939 Leaves sessile, elliptic or oblanceolate, 4–10 cm long, 0.7–2 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, minutely apiculate, coriaceous, glabrous, often with glandular pits above; leaves of inflorescence similar but smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258567-1 wfo-0000084618 morphology 697D68BF-3993-405D-B1E4-3D80EAF1A939 Capitula in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula with conspicuous bracts merging with the involucre; involucre ellipsoid, 15–23 mm long; phyllaries 7–11-seriate, tightly appressed, lanceolate, 12.5–17.5 mm long, apiculate, tomentose on back and margins with brown wool-like hair, purple in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258567-1 wfo-0000084618 morphology 697D68BF-3993-405D-B1E4-3D80EAF1A939 Corolla rich bright blue or rich purple, 15–21 mm long, lobes 4.5–6 mm long, with fine long hairs along their length and a few stiff subapical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258567-1 wfo-0000084618 morphology 697D68BF-3993-405D-B1E4-3D80EAF1A939 Achenes black, obscurely 10-ribbed, pubescent; outer pappus 0.5–2 mm long, inner pappus of almost smooth tawny to red-brown bristles 15–18.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258567-1 wfo-0000020190 morphology FA17015C-6336-4520-BD52-C8A34EC259A6 Scapose herb 10–50 cm tall with perennial woody rootstock; rootstock often branched, stout, to 2 cm thick; crown of rootstock woolly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258413-1 wfo-0000020190 morphology FA17015C-6336-4520-BD52-C8A34EC259A6 Scapes usually solitary, erect, 7–38 cm high, pubescent to tomentose with simple hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258413-1 wfo-0000020190 morphology FA17015C-6336-4520-BD52-C8A34EC259A6 Leaves all or mostly in a basal rosette, sessile, oblanceolate or broadly so, 5–33 cm long, 1.5–9 cm wide, cuneate or attenuate into a petioloid base, margins sinuate-serrate to subentire, apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate, glabrous or shortly scattered-pubescent to scabridulous, often glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258413-1 wfo-0000020190 morphology FA17015C-6336-4520-BD52-C8A34EC259A6 Capitula 1(–3), terminal on the scape; involucre cylindrical, 13–29 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, acute, the innermost 15–23 mm long, pectinate-ciliate on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258413-1 wfo-0000020190 morphology FA17015C-6336-4520-BD52-C8A34EC259A6 Corolla blue, purple or mauve, 19–29 mm long, lobes 4–6.5 mm long, with stiff apical hairs and stipitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258413-1 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Fruit indehiscent, surrounded by the persistent often fleshy perianth or winged bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-7000000066 morphology 97A1C75E-4C1E-45B6-9929-C050F0BE01C2 Seeds solitary, almost spherical; endosperm copious or almost absent, surrounded by the spirally twisted or semi-annular embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126684-1 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Herbs, shrubs or leafless parasites, rarely small trees, frequently twining or prostrate, less often erect urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Leaves alternate, exstipulate, usually simple, entire or often lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Flowers usually bracteate, axillary or terminal, solitary or in various inflorescences, almost always regular, hermaphrodite save in a very few small genera urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Sepals 4–5, imbricate, free or joined at the base, often accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Corolla sympetalous, variable but often funnel-shaped or salver-shaped, entire or 4–5-lobed, induplicate-valvate or contorted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Stamens (3–)4–5, inserted in the corolla-tube, alternating with the lobes; pollen smooth or spinulose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Ovary superior, entire or 2–4-lobed, of 2–3 carpels, 1–4 (very rarely 3 or 5)-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Styles 1–2(–3), simple and terminal; stigmas 1–4, variously shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Fruit usually dry and capsular, rarely a berry or nut-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 morphology B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC Seeds 1–4 (rarely 6 or 10), with endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000149 distribution B9FB6522-0557-437F-80A8-A36FDA5FCDFC This is an extremely natural family and the genera are therefore difficult to limit satisfactorily. I have followed the classification used by van Ooststroom (Flora Malesiana, ser. 1, 4 (4) : 388–512 (1953)) with but few changes. It seems best to do this rather than to attempt to classify the family on different lines from a knowledge of the African genera alone. The original arrangement which is due to Hans Hallier has the drawback of using a pollen-character. In the key which follows, the obligatory use of this character, which is not really difficult to observe, has been left until near the end. It is helpful to remember that genera 1–15 have smooth pollen and the rest have spinous pollen urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000547-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Trees or shrubs, usually evergreen urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Leaves alternate or spirally arranged, exstipulate, often toothed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Flowers unisexual or hermaphrodite, regular, usually solitary, rarely paniculate, racemose or cymose, frequently large and showy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Sepals 5(–7), free or slightly joined, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Petals 5(–10), free or slightly joined, imbricate or contorted, spreading except in Melchiora urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Stamens usually numerous, in several whorls, hypogynous, free, shortly connate or epipetalous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000607 morphology D8D657E9-3C53-46E2-ABB5-E8DF6B00CAD4 Ovary superior, 1–5-locular ; ovules 1-many in each locule, axile ; styles free or connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000791-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs, and only 1 tree genus (Bocconia L.), with white, yellow or orange coloured latex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Leaves alternate or rarely whorled, exstipulate, entire to much divided (palmately, pinnately etc.) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Flowers usually solitary, conspicuous and large, bisexual, regular, hypogynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Sepals 2–3, imbricate, usually free or calyptrate, caducous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Petals (4–)6(–12), more rarely absent, imbricate, arranged in l–2(–3) whorls, crumpled in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Stamens free, usually numerous, spirally arranged, rarely 4 and cyclic ; anthers 2-celled with longitudinal dehiscence urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Ovary superior, usually unilocular, more rarely with 2 to several locules ; ovules numerous ; placentation parietal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Stigmas opposite or alternate with placentas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Fruit usually a capsule dehiscing by valves or pores, rarely indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000440 morphology 4AA920E3-9999-42F8-9E69-89972FFBFB2F Seeds small, numerous, with minute embryo and copious, usually oily, endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000446-2 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Trees, shrubs or rarely herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Leaves evergreen, simple, alternate or opposite, often coriaceous, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Flowers unisexual, monoecious or dioecious (rarely with a few hermaphrodite ones), in spikes, fascicles or cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Sepals 0–4, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Petals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Stamens 4–6, more rarely 7–10, opposite the sepals or with two pairs opposite the inner sepals ; the male flowers often have a rudimentary ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Ovary superior, 3-locular ; styles 3, entire or grooved ; ovules 1–2 per loculus, pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Fruit a capsule or a drupe urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000094 morphology 7D447443-03C5-44FC-B807-DAD620490184 Seeds black and shining ; endosperm fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126711-1 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Succulent or subsucculent annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, less often shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Leaves simple, alternate, opposite or verticillate, sometimes crowded, often with an expanded membranous base, exstipulate or with membranous stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Inflorescences cymose, loosely dichasial to umbelliform or glomerulate (flowers sometimes solitary), axillary or terminal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Flowers regular, hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Calyx of 5, less often 4 or 3, members, polysepalous or gamosepalous, usually herbaceous and persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Petals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Staminodes sometimes present, then often petaloid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Stamens 5-many, hypogynous or episepalous, sometimes fascicled, when definite alternate with the calyx-lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Ovary superior or inferior, of 2–5-many united (rarely free) carpels, or of 1 carpel; loculi as many as carpels; ovules one, few, or many per loculus; placentation basal, axile, apical or parietal but not free-central urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Fruits usually capsular, loculicidal or circumscissile, sometimes indehiscent, rarely mericarpic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000010 morphology EB90C595-7C24-428A-9BEE-FF75FF8D11BD Seeds usually subreniform, rarely strophiolate; embryo usually curved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004741-2 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Perennial, rarely annual, aquatic, swamp or marsh herbs, lactiferous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Rhizome very short; roots short, fibrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Leaves erect, rarely floating or submerged, basal; petiole with an expanded, sheathing base; leaf-blade entire, linear-lanceolate to ovate, with a decurrent to sagittate base, acute to rounded apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Inflorescence compound or simple, of whorls of branches or flowers, rarely pseudo-umbellate or with solitary flowers; bracts 2 or 3 at the base of each whorl, and sometimes several bracteoles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Flowers regular, bisexual or unisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Sepals 3, persistent, herbaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Petals 3, deciduous, rarely 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Stamens 3, 6, 9 or more; filaments filiform or flattened; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally and laterally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Carpels superior, free or joined at the base, 3–?, in a whorl or spiral, unilocular; style terminal or ventral; ovules 1, 2 or many, basal and erect, or situated on the ventral suture urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Fruit indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000012 morphology 7F737E3B-5B58-48D6-8979-5F2C647A83BF Seeds oblong, indented laterally to follow the form of the horseshoe-shaped embryo, smooth, wrinkled or ridged, without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126755-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Perennial or annual, aquatic, swamp or marsh herbs, glabrous, usually lactiferous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Rhizome short; roots short, fibrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Leaves erect or floating, basal; petiole with a sheathing base; leaf-blade entire, iridaceous, or lanceolate to orbicular with cuneate to truncate base and acute to rounded apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Inflorescence umbellate, rarely with solitary flowers; bracts 2 or 3; bracteoles several; flowers regular, bisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Sepals 3, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Petals 3, delicate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Stamens 6–9–?; filaments flattened; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longitudinally and laterally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Carpels superior, free or joined at the base, 6–?, in a whorl, unilocular; style terminal; stigma sessile; ovules ?, scattered over the ovary-wall on a reticulate placenta urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 morphology 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 Fruiting carpels finally dehiscing along the ventral suture; seeds ?, smooth, wrinkled or ridged, rarely slightly spiny, without endosperm; embryo horseshoe-shaped or straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000093 distribution 5DCB4DC6-4988-4BDA-B1D9-2B352FA52459 A small family, confined to the tropics or subtropics except for Butomus L. which extends across Europe and Asia. The following genus is the only one which occurs in Africa urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126756-1 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Herbs, shrubs, scramblers or trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Leaves simple or compound, alternate, stipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Flowers regular or irregular, hermaphrodite, monoecious, dioecious, or polygamous, perigynous or epigynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Calyx campanulate or urceolate, free or adnate in part to the receptacle, sometimes gibbous and asymmetrical, the lobes 4–5, with or without an additional row of 4–5 alternating outer lobes (epicalyx) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Receptacle flat, or convex and sometimes very accrescent, or concave, the mouth symmetrically or asymmetrically crateriform urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Petals 5 or 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Stamens 1 to many, sometimes biseriate, exserted or included, free or basally connate, regularly disposed or inserted on one side of the receptacle only; staminodes (if present) usually inserted on one side of the receptacle and there replacing the fertile stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Carpels 1 to many, free or fused to each other and to the receptacle, or fused but free of the receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Styles terminal or basal, exserted or included urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000532 morphology E2096D1A-6F45-4FEB-9232-99844909DF0B Ovules 1 or 2 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000200-2 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Herbaceous, fleshy root-parasites, without chlorophyll and roots, yellowish white to yellow, orange to red or brown to black urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Tuber cylindrical or subspherical, branched or unbranched, irregularly corrugated or variously polygonately furrowed or ± warty, subterranean, developing by germination of a fruit on a suitable host root, producing one or more inflorescence-bearing stems urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Stems with or without leaves, unbranched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Leaves scaly, spirally arranged or distichous, decussate or verticillate, sometimes much reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Inflorescence branched or appearing spadix-like, the branches much suppressed, rarely composed of minute cymes (Cynomorium L.); branches of first order bracteate, well-developed to totally suppressed, sometimes with the sterile apical part peltately widened; bracts scaly, ± transformed and reduced, triangular or peltate or reduced to a clavate structure, caducous or persistent, Flowers unisexual, rarely bisexual urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Male flowers without a perianth, or perianth of 3–7 segments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Stamens 1–7 or united into a synandrium, opposite the perianth-segments; anthers dehiscing longitudinally or irregularly urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Female flowers without a perianth or with a superior perianth inconspicuously 2-lobed or rarely 3–6-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Ovary 1-locular or without a cavity and any definite placenta; styles 1–2(–3), alternate with perianth-lobes; stigma inconspicuous or ± capitellate; generally one few-celled embryo developing in the central tissue of the ovary, surrounded by a few-celled endosperm and a layer of stone cells at maturity urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000060 morphology 5E8DE361-0033-449E-8C2E-B786FF500184 Fruit a small 1-seeded achene urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126709-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Trees or shrubs, sometimes armed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Leaves simple, alternate; blade often unequal-sided urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Stipules lateral, usually free, often small and caducous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Flowers small, polygamous, solitary or in axillary cymes or clusters urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Sepals 4–8, free or shortly united, imbricate or valvate, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Petals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Stamens the same number as the calyx-lobes and opposite them or a few more, inserted at the base of the calyx, erect in bud; anthers 2-thecous, opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Ovary of 2 connate carpels, 1–2-locular; styles 2, divergent; ovule solitary, pendulous from near the top, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Fruits either compressed, dry and ± winged or appendiculate, or thinly fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 morphology 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F Seeds without endosperm; embryo straight or curved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 distribution 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F About 14 genera and 120 species, mostly tropical and north temperate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000630 distribution 9A355CCE-A9FF-4C1B-9178-B62016661A7F The family is rather poorly represented in Africa, but the species which do occur are mostly widespread across the continent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126716-1 wfo-7000000251 morphology B5EE8FF0-5BA8-422F-9DAE-70D723F9397D Terrestrial herbs, often large, with widely creeping rhizomes bearing scales and/or hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126777-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pilose pedicel 6.5 mm. long, oblong-trigonous, 4.8 × 4 mm., sparsely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000964030 morphology 4330DCF2-E558-4217-A6F9-86A26CAFFAC8 Seeds oblong, obscurely 4-angled, 4 × 2 mm., greyish brown, lightly wrinkled, with a yellow caruncle 1.6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347795-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Annual or short-lived perennial herb with a woody base, 40–100 cm. high, glabrous or usually with the upper branches and young growths shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Leaves ovate to linear-lanceolate, to 8 × 0.6–4 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded, margin indistinctly toothed but often with 1–2 pairs of large gland-tipped teeth at the base, upper surface glabrous, lower surface with scattered hairs and a prominent midrib; lamina tapering into a winged petiole to 5 mm. long; glandular stipules minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels with primary rays to 5 cm. long; bracts sessile, often reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Cyathia subsessile, 1.8 × 1.8 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, puberulous; glands 4(–5), transversely elliptic, ± 1 mm. wide, green becoming brown; lobes subquadrate, 0.5 mm. long, margin deeply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Male flowers: bracteoles strap-shaped, deeply divided, ciliate; stamens 2.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Female flower: ovary densely pubescent; styles 1.6 mm. long, joined at the base, erect with spreading apices bifid for 1/3 . urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 4 mm. long, oblong-trigonous, 3.5 × 3 mm., pubescent with short adpressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000960573 morphology E32B095A-088E-4F1C-A2F1-6C9969EB8B09 Seeds oblong, ± flattened, 2.8 × 1.6 mm., wrinkled in 4 longitudinal rows of large tubercles on each side, whitish-grey, with a yellow caruncle 1.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345519-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Shrubby, probably short-lived perennial herb to 75 cm. high, woody at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Leaves petiolate, ovate to 8 × 4 cm., base cuneate, apex acute, margin entire, young leaves minutely hispid especially on the lower surface, mature leaves with a few hairs towards the base on the lower surface; petiole to 8 mm. long, puberulous; glandular stipules minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Cymes (detached on the only specimen seen, probably in terminal umbels) with minutely hispid rays, the primary ones apparently ± 1.2 cm. long, forking 3 times; bracts obovate, ± 5 × 4.5 mm., base cuneate, apex apiculate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Cyathia sessile, ± 3 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4–5, transversely elliptic, 0.5 × 1–1.5 mm.; lobes subquadrate, ± 1 × 1 mm., upper margin deeply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Male flowers: bracteoles strap-shaped, apex deeply divided, ciliate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices spreading and distinctly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Capsule (immature) exserted on a minutely hispid pedicel 4 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 4 × 5 mm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000965164 morphology 966ABC97-7C3C-4259-8634-14E88D7EE125 Seed (immature) ovoid with dorsally pointed apex, slightly conpressed, 3.2 × 2.8 mm., surface obscurely wrinkled (probably in longitudinal lines); caruncle 1.2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906082-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Perennial shrubby herb to 1.5(–3) m. high, with woody stem and branches and shiny red-brown bark; young branches usually hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Leaves obovate, to 35 × 23 mm., base cuneate, apex rounded, margin entire, lower suface sometimes hispid especially along the midrib; petiole to 5 mm. long, hispid; glandular stipules vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Cymes in terminal 3(–4)-branched umbels with primary rays to 3(–5) cm. long, 1–2-forked; bracts sessile, deltoid, ± 8 × 8 mm., apex acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Cyathia sessile, 2.5 × 3.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, 1.5 mm. broad, yellow becoming dark red; lobes broadly rounded, 0.8 mm. long, margin denticulate, outer surface minutely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Male flowers: bracteoles ligulate, deeply 2–3-lobed, margin ciliate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined to halfway, erect with spreading shortly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Capsule exserted on a pedicel 5 mm. long, oblong-trigonous, 5.5 × 4.5 mm., becoming reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Seeds oblong, flattened, 3.5 × 2.3 mm., apex acute, pale brownish grey, lightly wrinkled, with a pale yellow caruncle 1.7 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000964089 morphology 89169651-D31E-42BC-AC3A-DA4087B4044E Fig. 83/5–7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347832-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Glabrous shrubby perennial herb to 3 m. high, woody at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Leaves obovate, to 20 × 5.5 cm., base cuneate tapering gradually towards the base of the petiole, apex acute and markedly apiculate, margin entire, lamina slightly fleshy, dark green and shiny above with the midrib prominent on the lower surface; petiole to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Cymes in 3–6-branched umbels, with primary rays to 8(–13) cm. long, forking 3–5 times; bracts subcircular, ± 1 cm. long, apex markedly apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Cyathia on peduncles to 4(–6) mm. long, 3 × 5–7 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely rectangular, 1.5 × 2–2.5 mm., outer margin shallowly 2-lobed to crescent-shaped with lobes to 1.2 mm. long; involucral lobes deltoid, 1 mm. long, margin ciliate, apex shortly 2-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, divided to the base many times into feathery filaments; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Female flowers: styles 2.5 mm. long, joined for 1/3, with spreading apices bifid for 1/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 1.2 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 5–5.5 × 7–8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Seeds ovoid, 3.5 × 3 mm., surface dark grey, lightly ridged and wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000961906 morphology 0CC43526-EDD4-4F04-B6EF-CBDC37D7321A Fig. 84/1–4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346391-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Shrubby perennial herb to 3(–4) m. high with grey succulent glabrous stems and branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Leaves obovate, to 15 × 6 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded, margin entire, glaucous especially beneath, lower surface pilose with long (to 1.5 mm.) spreading hairs especially along the midrib, mature leaves rarely completely glabrous; petiole to 4 cm. long, pilose; stipules glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Cymes in 3–5-branched umbels on peduncles to 12 cm. long produced from whorls of 5–10 leaves at the swollen apices of branches, with primary rays to 8 cm. long, forking twice; bracts subcircular, ± 1.5 cm. in diameter, the lower ones larger, subsessile to shortly petiolate, glabrous except for a few hairs along the lower margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Cyathia on peduncles to 1.5 mm. long, 3 × 7 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 4, or 5 on the central cyathium of the umbel, spreading, transversely elliptic, ± 3 mm. broad, outer margin 2–4-lobed, with each lobe sometimes shortly divided; involucral lobes broadly rounded, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Male flowers: bracteoles few, strap-shaped, upper margin ciliate and sometimes deeply divided; stamens 4.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Female flower: styles 2.5 mm. long, joined for 0.5 mm., suberect with spreading shortly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 8 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed with a slighdy sunken apex, 8 × 10 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Seeds ovoid with acute apex, ± 5 × 3.5 mm., brownish grey with longitudinal rows of large flattened tubercles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000962310 morphology 80DD4ED5-F2AC-4B4C-A8BE-5909A6C72761 Fig. 84/5–8, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346644-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Glabrous perennial herb with a fleshy cylindrical rootstock 20–30 × 2–4 cm. and ± fleshy annual stems to 30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Leaves ± fleshy, sessile, obovate to 12 × 4 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded to obtuse and minutely apiculate, margin entire; stipules filamentous ± 1 mm. long, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3–4-branched umbels with primary rays to 10 cm. long, forking 2–4 times; bracts deltoid to 4.5 × 4 cm base subcordate, apex obtuse apiculate, those at the base of the umbel similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Cyathia on peduncles to 1.5 mm. long, 5.5 × 10 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, spreading, transversely elliptic ± 1.5 × 2–3.5 mm., outer margin obscurely crenulate; lobes rounded, 1.5 × 3 mm., margin entire and minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Male flowers many: bracteoles laciniate, with feathery apices; stamens 8 mm. long with anther-thecae minutely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base for 0.5 mm. then widely spreading, with shortly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Capsule on a pedicel 2.5 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, 1 × 1.2 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000964048 morphology C5BE15C8-A1F5-4DAE-B1CA-1B55DF38A839 Seeds globose, 4.5 mm. in diameter, brownish grey, surface reticulately wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347809-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Glabrous perennial herb with a thick fleshy rhizomatous rootstock and annual stems to 60 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Leaves sessile, ± glaucous, obovate-lanceolate, to 9 × 1.5 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded apiculate, margin entire. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Cymes axillary and in terminal 3–5-branched umbels, with primary rays to 12 cm. long and forking 3–4 times; bracts sessile, deltoid, ± 2 × 2 cm., the lower ones larger and longer, base truncate to subcordate, apex apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Cyathia on peduncles 2–3 mm. long or the central one to 1.5 cm. long, ± 3 × 5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, or 5 on the central cyathium, transversely elliptic, to 1.5 mm. broad, with 2 horns 1.5–2 mm. long; lobes broadly deltoid, ± 1 mm. long, margin ciliate with long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate with feathery apices; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 2 mm. long, joined for 0.5 mm., with roughened shortly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 1 cm. long, shallowly 3-lobed, 4 × 6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961795 morphology E3483235-F06F-430E-89EF-C08B941F1C10 Seeds subglobose, 3 × 2.5 mm., grey, with a longitudinal dorsal ridge and obscure rows of small sharply pointed tubercles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346317-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Perennial herb with a vertical woody rootstock 12 × 1.3 cm., producing annual sparsely branching, very sparsely pilose stems, erect to 20 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Leaves sessile, fleshy, linear-lanceolate to 5.5 × 7 cm., base cuneate, apex acute, margin entire, pilose along the margins and the midrib on the lower surface; stipules glandular, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Cymes axillary and terminal, solitary on very sparsely pilose peduncles to 10 cm. long, forking 2–3 times; bracts similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Cyathia on pilose peduncles to 8 cm. long, ± 5 × 5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, ± 2 × 2.8 mm., deeply bilobed, with the apices of the lobes entire to distinctly crenate; involucral lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2 mm. margin distinctly toothed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Male flowers: bracteoles few, strap-shaped, feathery; stamens 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Female flower: ovary glabrous, exserted on a reflexed pedicel 1 cm. long; styles 2.5 mm. long, joined halfway, with spreading minutely bifid thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000961751 morphology 8CD585E4-73E6-49F7-8E62-4A80086817DD Capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906071-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Perennial herb, with a woody tuberous rootstock, producing a few shortly puberulous stems annually, to 45(–60) cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Leaves deflexed, narrowly lanceolate, to 12(–17) × 1(–1.3) cm., base rounded, apex obtuse, apiculate, margin entire, revolute, midrib prominent on the lower surface which is sparsely pubescent; petiole puberulous, to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Cymes in 3-branched umbels with primary rays to 12 cm. long, forking twice; bracts similar to the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Cyathia sessile, 4 × 5.5 mm., with shortly puberulous purplish-red broadly cup-shaped involucres; glands 4, transversely elliptic, ± 4 mm. wide, spreading, dark red; lobes subquadrate, 2 mm. long, laciniate with ciliate margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate with feathery apices; stamens 5.5 mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Female flower: ovary densely pilose; styles 3 mm. long, joined halfway with bifid apices, sparsely puberulous below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Capsule exserted on a curved densely pilose pedicel 6 mm. long, subglobose, 5 mm. in diameter, very densely papillose-pilose, purplish red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964499 morphology BCD11A8E-8738-4C43-BCEB-7A3BF8397D0C Seeds ovoid, 4 × 2.5 mm., closely tuberculate, greyish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348115-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Glabrous perennial herb, with a fleshy cylindrical rootstock to 20 × 1–2 cm. and annual stems to 30 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate to 12 × 1.8 cm., apex apiculate, margin entire; stipules filamentous, to 0.5 mm. long, soon deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Cymes axillary and in terminal 3-branched umbels, with rays to 5(–8) cm. long, occasionally forking 1–2 times; bracts ovate-lanceolate to 5 × 2.5 cm., base subcordate, apex acute, those at the base of the umbel larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Cyathia on peduncles to 3(–6) cm. long, with cup-shaped involucres, ± 7 × 14 mm.; glands 5, transversely rectangular, ± 2 × 4 mm., spreading, the outer margin with up to 10 finger-like processes to 2.5 mm. long which are 2–4-lobed at the tips and minutely hispid; involucral lobes rounded ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm., margin sharply toothed, outer surface finely ciliate and minutely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Male flowers: bracteoles few, divided to the base into 2–3 fine threads with ciliate apices; stamens many, 9.5 mm. long, minutely hispid including the anther-thecae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Female flower: perianth obvious as a rim below the ovary; styles ± 5 mm. long, joined for 1/3, spreading with bifid thickened apices, minutely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Capsule exserted on an erect minutely hispid pedicel to 12 mm. long, subglobose, ± 14 × 16 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964997 morphology BC44284C-9D97-4E1C-A7FC-5EE429541D9E Seeds ovoid, obtusely 3-angled, ± 5.5 × 4 mm., smooth, pale grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348426-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Glabrous shrub 1–2 m. high with ± woody branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Leaves subsessile to petiolate, obovate to lanceolate, to 30 × 5.5 cm., base cuneate, apex minutely to shortly apiculate, margin entire; lamina tapering into a petiole to 2.5 cm. long on older larger leaves; stipules apparently absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Cymes in terminal 2–3-branched umbels on leafless peduncles to 10 cm. long, with primary rays to 6 cm. long, forking 2–4 times; bracts deltoid, ± 2.5 × 2.5 cm. when mature, base subcordate, apex acuminate to ± 2 cm. long; bracts below the umbel a little larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Cyathia on peduncles to 3 mm. long, ± 10 × 30 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glands 4, spreading, transversely oblong, ± 2 mm. × 8 mm., outer margin lobed with 8–12 finger-like processes ± 7 mm. long branching 1–2 times at the tips and terminating in minute knobs; involucral lobes rounded, ± 3 × 5 mm., the margin deeply toothed and minutely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Male flowers: bracteoles few, ligulate, apex ciliate; stamens many, 14 mm. long, minutely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Female flower: perianth obvious below the ovary, 1.5–2 mm. wide, with sharply toothed margin; styles 5 mm. long, joined at the base with thickened shortly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Capsule exserted on a curved pedicel to 1 cm. long, subglobose, ± 9 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000964228 morphology 5CF5EA37-97F5-4AD9-B970-14AB221307B5 Seeds ovoid-trigonous, 6 × 4.5 mm., smooth, greyish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347908-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 A few-stemmed bush or sparingly branched tree 1.5–9 m. high, with a smooth but horizontally grooved grey bark; branches semi-succulent, with large prominent closely-set leaf-scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Leaves sessile, linear to linear-lanceolate, to 30 × 3 cm., base rounded, apex acuminate, margin entire, midrib prominent on the lower surface, lamina glabrous, pale green and slightly glaucous; stipules glandular, minute, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Cymes in terminal 3-branched umbels usually on a leafless peduncle to 10(–15) cm. long, with primary rays to 5(–7) cm. long, forking up to 8 times, peduncle, rays and branches minutely puberulous; bracts sessile, deltoid, ± 4 × 4 cm. when mature, base subcordate, apex acuminate to ± 2 cm. long, lower surface minutely puberulous at least towards the base; bracts below the umbels larger and longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Cyathia on peduncles to 1 cm. long, ± 1 × 3 cm., with barrel-shaped involucres, all parts except the upper surface of the glands minutely puberulous sometimes densely so; glands 4, spreading, transversely elliptic, ± 4 × 8 mm., outer margin lobed, with 6–10 finger-like processes ± 8 mm. long branching several times at the tips and terminating in minute knobs, the glands yellowish green becoming brown or sometimes purple, with red to purple processes having yellow to red tips; involucral lobes rounded, ± 3 × 5 mm., margin sharply toothed often with a longer central tooth to 1.5 mm. long, densely puberulous on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Male flowers: bracteoles many, fan-shaped, deeply divided and densely ciliate at the apices; stamens 14.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Female flower: perianth obvious below the ovary, irregularly and acutely lobed with lobes to 1.5 mm. long; ovary minutely puberulous; styles 1 cm. long, joined for 4 mm., with shortly bifid thickened rugulose apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Capsule exserted on a curved pedicel to 1.5 cm. long, subglobose, ± 13 × 17 mm., glabrous when mature, tinged purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Seed subglobose, slightly compressed laterally and obscurely 3-angled, ± 6 × 5 mm., greyish brown, with minutely roughened surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962368 morphology 5D75E691-F985-4AF5-BCE6-50C59379AE01 Fig. 85/1, 2, p. 458. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346682-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Glabrous straight-stemmed shrub or small tree 2–7 m. high, with a smooth pale grey bark; branches semi-succulent with large leaf-scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate to lanceolate, to 20 × 6 cm., base cuneate, apex distinctly acuminate, margin entire, midrib prominent on the lower surface; stipules apparently absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Cymes in terminal 3-branched umbels on leafless peduncles to 12 cm. long, with primary rays to 6 cm. long forking to to 5 times, occasionally more; bracts sessile, deltoid, ± 4 × 4 cm. when mature, base subcordate, apex acuminate to ± 1.5 cm. long; bracts below the umbels larger and longer. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Cyathia on peduncles to 7 mm. long, or the central one of the umbel to 1 cm. long, ± 1 × 2.5 cm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glands 4, noticeably stipitate, widely spreading, transversely rectangular, ± 2.5 × 7–10 mm., green becoming yellow then red, outer margin crenulate with 6–10 red finger-like processes ± 7 mm. long branching 2–3 times at the tips and terminating in yellow lobed knobs; involucral lobes rounded, ± 3 × 5 mm., margin acutely toothed, the central teeth longer to 1.5 mm., inner surface shortly and densely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Male flowers: bracteoles very many, fan-shaped, deeply laciniate, apices ciliate; stamens 16 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Female flower: perianth an irregularly lobed rim below the ovary; styles 9.5 mm. long, joined halfway, spreading, with thickened rugulose minutely bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Capsule exserted on a curved pedicel to 12 mm. long, subglobose, ± 12 × 14 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Seeds subglobose, slightly compressed laterally and obtusely trigonous, ± 6.5 × 5.5 mm., greyish brown, with minutely roughened surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000962173 morphology A8AB17B5-4D34-4CC6-A513-C1C21403C149 Fig. 85/3–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:915012-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Spreading densely branching shrub or small tree 1–6 m. high, with smooth grey bark and semi-succulent glabrous reddish brown branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Leaves ± fleshy, petiolate, clustered at the ends of the branchlets, obovate to 10 × 7 cm., base cuneate, apex broadly rounded, occasionally minutely apiculate, margin entire, both surfaces pilose especially the lower, the upper surface of mature leaves occasionally almost glabrous; petiole to 1 cm. long, puberulous; glandular stipules dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Cymes terminal, reduced to a central cyathium with (1–)2(–3) lateral cyathia on rays 1–1.5 cm. long; bracts scarious, 4–8 enveloping the cyme, soon deciduous, sessile with a broad base, subquadrate ± 1 × 1 cm., margin densely pilose, outer (lower) surface with some hairs along the midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Cyathia subsessile, ± 7 × 18 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, the central cyathium usually larger; glands 5, transversely rectangular, ± 5 × 8 mm., outer margin crenulate with 10–15 finger-like processes 1–2 mm. long, simple or with the tips slightly thickened or minutely bifid, green; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm., margin fimbriate, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Male flowers: bracteoles very broadly fan-shaped, much divided, feathery; stamens 9 mm. long, with pilose anther-thecae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Female flower: ovary subsessile, glabrous, enclosed in an irregularly toothed perianth 3 mm. long; styles 6.5 mm. long, spreading, joined at the base, with thickened bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Capsule subsessile on a thickened pedicel 7 × 7 mm., subglobose, 1.8–2 × 2–2.5 cm., eventually with 3 ± prominent longitudinal ribs at each valve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Seeds ovoid and laterally compressed, ± 7 × 6.5 mm. and 4.5 mm. thick, pale brownish grey, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000964583 morphology 3DE10E12-7148-4597-BFEA-8CFF0865AD57 Fig. 86. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348175-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Erect shrub or small tree to 5 m. high, with dark brown bark; branches puberulous when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Leaves alternate or occasionally fasciculate, subsessile, panduriform, to 6 × 3 cm., base cuneate, apex apiculate to rounded, margin entire, lamina puberulous when young, upper surface ± glabrous at maturity, midrib prominent beneath; petiole to 2 mm. long; stipules glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Cymes terminal, consisting of a central cyathium with 2(–3) lateral cyathia on glabrous rays to 1 cm. long; bracts sessile, subcircular, to 1.7 mm. wide, pubescent at first becoming glabrous, white to yellow, conspicuous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Cyathia subsessile, or the central one on a peduncle to 5 mm. long, ± 6.5 × 12 mm.,with cup-shaped involucres, glabrous; glands 5, transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 3.5 mm., shallowly saucer-shaped, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 3 mm., margin deeply fringed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Male flowers many: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply divided, apices feathery; stamens ± 8 mm. long, anther-thecae with a tuft of fine hairs 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Female flower: ovary sessile, densely pubescent; styles 5 mm. long, joined for 2.5 mm., pubescent, with spreading apices bifid for 2 mm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962799 morphology D5C6F689-1F2F-46EF-A0F8-9607C0CBB0BF Capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346958-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Much-branched, spreading, woody shrub to 2.5 m. high, with greyish brown bark; young branches puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Leaves alternate, occasionally fasciculate, petiolate, obovate to panduriform, to 5 × 3 cm., base rounded, apex truncate to shallowly emarginate, lamina pubescent, sparsely so at maturity, midrib prominent beneath; petiole to 8 mm. long; stipules filamentous to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Cymes terminal, consisting of a central cyathium with (2–)3 lateral cyathia on pubescent rays to 3 cm. long, forking once; bracts sessile, obovate, ± 1.5 × 1 cm., pubescent beneath, greenish yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Cyathia sessile, or the central one on a peduncle ± 2 (–10) mm. long, ± 5.5 × 10 mm., with minutely pubescent cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, spreading, transversely elliptic, ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm., flat to very shallowly saucer-shaped, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 3 mm., margin fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Inflorescences terminal, mostly well-branched and many-flowered with a rhachis 10–35 cm. long, also some shorter less branched inflorescences in the axils of the upper leaves; peduncle 2.5–5 cm. long, glabrous to densely pubescent; pedicels 0.4–1.1 cm. long; bracts elliptic to ovate, 3–10 mm. long, 2–6 mm. wide, entire or denticulate, soon falling; bracteoles ovate, 3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, obtuse or acute at the apex, glabrous but often ciliolate, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Calyx glabrous, 2-lipped, the lips ovate, 4.5–8 mm. long, 3–7 mm. wide, one emarginate, the other 3-lobed at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Standard yellow with purple veins, ovate-elliptic, 0.6–1.3 cm. long, 2–5 mm. wide, emarginate; wings pale yellow with purple veins, 0.8–1.7 cm. long, exceeding the keel; keel-petals pale yellow with purple veins, not laciniate; filament-sheath mostly shorter than the fruit-stipe, which is mostly 4–5(–10) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Pods of 1–2 articles joined by a neck 2–4 mm. wide; articles obovate, elliptic or semicircular, 1.2–2.7 cm. long, 0.9–1.3 cm. wide, flat and papery, glabrous save for the slightly pubescent margins, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Seeds reddish-brown, elliptic-reniform, beaked beyond the small round eccentric hilum, longest dimension 5 mm., shorter dimension 4 mm., 2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173740 morphology 63F90A56-E2B3-4156-86F8-0A0EAF5849C9 Fig. 54/5, p. 366. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472859-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Lax erect aromatic shrub 0.6–4.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Branchlets covered with thick brownish-red powdery bark; young stems densely covered with sticky tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Leaves (6–)8–16-foliolate; leaflets obovate to oblong or elliptic, 0.5–l.7 cm. long, 2.5–8 mm. wide, emarginate to acute at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous on both surfaces or pubescent beneath with tubercular-based hairs, denticulate-ciliate or ciliate or in some areas glabrous on the margins, several-nerved from the base, the main nerve basally eccentric; petiole and rhachis together (1–)2–4 cm. long; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate or ovate, 4.5–9 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, acute, rounded or slightly auriculate or appendaged at the base, veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Inflorescences axillary, sometimes together with several leaves on short shoots or even fasciculate; rhachis 3–5 cm. long; pedicels 2–3 mm. long; bracts purple or green, crowded, overlapping but not hiding the flowers, large, 0.8–1.7 cm. long, 1–3.5 cm. wide, deeply to shallowly bilobed, each lobe obovate, rhomboid or rounded, scarious, nervose, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, mostly finely denticulate-ciliate or in some areas glabrous on the margins; bracteoles elliptic-lanceolate, 6–9 mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Calyx 2-lipped, yellow, the lips oblong-elliptic, thin, 1–1.1 cm. long, 4.5 mm. wide, one 2-toothed, the other shortly 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Standard yellow or orange, obovate-oblong or oblong, 1–1.4 cm. long, 5–7.5 mm. wide, very slightly narrowed in the middle, rounded at the apex; wings yellow or green; keel-petals white, green or yellow, not laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Pods of 1–2 articles, each semicircular, 6–7 mm. long, 5–7 mm. wide, smooth or slightly rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000173904 morphology 720BB46B-A1F2-43DF-8DDC-A21EC59A2E00 Seeds dark reddish-brown, elliptic-reniform, longest dimension 3.5 mm., shorter dimension 2.8 mm., 1 mm. thick; hilum small, elliptic, slightly eccentric, with a trace of a rim-aril present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472931-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Erect shrub 1–4.5(–6) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Stems covered with glandular bristly tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Leaves 20–42-foliolate; leaflets oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–10(–12.5) mm. long, 0.5–3.5(–4) mm. wide, slightly falcate and acute at the apex, obliquely or minutely emarginate at the base, glabrous or pubescent and with some tubercular-based hairs on the submarginal main nerve beneath, margins denticulate-ciliate; petiole and rhachis together 2–7.6 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–7.5 mm. long, 1.2–3.5 mm. wide, acute, margined or covered with tubercular-based hairs, scarious, veined, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Inflorescences axillary, dense, 1–few-flowered, not strobilate; rhachis 2–6 cm. long, mostly with bristly yellow hairs; peduncle 3–5 mm. long or very short or obsolete; pedicels 4–6 mm. long; sterile bracts often several and conspicuous; bracts ovate, 3.5–8 mm. long, 1.3–3 mm. wide, acute or acuminate, glabrescent or covered with bulbous-based hairs outside; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 3–7 mm. long, 1.2–2 mm. wide, acute or acuminate, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Calyx pubescent and bristly-hairy, 1–2.2 cm. long, the upper lip emarginate or bifid for 0.5–3 mm., the lower lip deeply divided for half or just over half its length into 3 diverging lanceolate-acuminate lobes, the central one usually longest and narrowest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Standard orange-yellow, often veined with reddish-purple, obovate or rounded, 0.95–1.9 cm. long, 0.45–1 cm. wide, emarginate, glabrous; wings orange-yellow, hairy at apex; keel greenish-yellow, often veined with pale red, hairy at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Ovary 6–9-ovulate, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Pods 4–9-jointed; articles 3–4 mm. long and 2–3.2 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175259 morphology 0354BDBC-F381-4A11-B3C7-80025118EC77 Seeds ochraceous or reddish-brown, depressed half-globose-reniform, longest dimension 2–2.8 mm., shorter dimension 1.8–2.2 mm., 1–1.3 mm. thick; hilum minute, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501270-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Erect shrub (1–)1.8–4.5(–6) m. tall, stated to smell unpleasant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Stems covered with sticky spreading bristly yellow tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Leaves 30–44-foliolate; leaflets linear-oblong, 3–8.5 mm. long, 0.7–1.8 mm. wide, acute and slightly falcate at the apex, obliquely rounded and minutely emarginate at the base, with short tubercular-based hairs on the margin and on the almost marginal main nerve beneath; petiole and rhachis together 2–4.5 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules ovate-oblong, 5–7 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, acute, pubescent and ciliate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Inflorescences axillary, dense, distinctly strobilate, with the flowers at right-angles to the axis giving an oblong appearance; rhachis 1.5–4 cm. long, densely hairy; peduncles very short or up to 7 mm. long; pedicels 7–10 mm. long; bracts ovate or broadly elliptic, 5–8 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, margined with long yellow bristly hairs; bracteoles broadly lanceolate, 5–6 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, bluntly acute, pubescent and margined with long yellow bristly hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Calyx covered with short and long golden-yellow hairs, 1.2–1.65 cm. long, the upper lip divided for ± 3 mm. into 2 obliquely acute or rounded oblong lobes, the lower lip divided to ± half-way into 3 obtuse or bluntly acute lobes, the outer 2 oblong, the inner oblong or lanceolate, often narrowest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Standard pale to bright yellow, rounded-oblong, 1.2–1.3(–1.5) cm. long, 6.5–9 mm. wide, rounded or very slightly mucronate, glabrous save for very few bristles at extreme tip; wings and keel pale or greenish-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Ovary 3–4-ovuled, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Pods of 3–4 articles, each rounded-oblong, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, compressed, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175867 morphology 9E198443-BA5D-4EE8-8962-EBC79F9FC3A0 Seeds buff-brown, ellipsoid-reniform, longest dimension 2.2 mm., shorter dimension 1.5 mm., 1.2 mm. thick; hilum minute, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501297-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Shrub 1.5–4.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Stems covered with long golden tubercular-based bristly hairs and a shorter pubescence as well, usually sticky. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Leaves 20–30-foliolate; leaflets oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 0.4–1.5 cm. long, 1–3.8 mm. wide, acute and often slightly falcate at the apex, obliquely rounded or very slightly emarginate at the base, with short hairs on margins and on the almost marginal main nerve beneath; petiole and rhachis 2.5–5 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules lanceolate, 1–1.2 cm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, acuminate, scarious, ciliate and pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Inflorescences axillary, ± strobilate, dense; rhachis 3–4 cm. long, covered with long golden bristly hairs; peduncle 0.7 mm. long, similarly hairy; pedicels 7–9.5 mm. long; bracts very conspicuous, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 7–10 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, acute, pubescent and margined with long yellow bristly hairs; bracteoles oblong-lanceolate to ovate, 4–7 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, pubescent and similarly ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Calyx covered with long and short golden hairs, 0.9–1.4 cm. long, the upper lip divided for ± 2 cm. into 2 obliquely subacute or rounded lobes, the lower lip divided into 3 subacute or obtuse lobes, the outer 2 elliptic, the inner linear-oblong. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Standard yellow, sometimes veined with brown, rounded-obovate, 1.4 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, glabrous save for a very few hairs on apical margin; wings and keel probably brownish-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Ovary 4-ovuled, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Fruit of (2–)3–4 articles, each ellipsoid or rounded-oblong, compressed, 3.5–4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, finely rugulose, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175398 morphology 67F48FE0-068C-4A35-9545-C738D323C648 Seeds chestnut, ellipsoid, compressed, longest dimension 3.2 mm., shorter dimension 2.5 mm., 1.5 mm. thick, slightly beaked beyond the small eccentric hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501276-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Erect much-branched shrub 1.8–4.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Stems very sticky and glandular, covered with shorter pubescence and also with longer yellow tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Leaves (16–)22–32(–36)-foliolate; leaflets narrowly oblong-lanceolate or linear-oblong, 2–8 mm. long, 0.8–2.5 mm. wide, acute and oblique or very slightly falcate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, with short tuberculate hairs on the slightly serrulate margins and on the almost marginal main nerve beneath; petiole and rhachis together (1–)1.5–4.5 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, pubescent and ciliate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Inflorescences axillary, dense, distinctly strobilate, the flowers mostly held at right-angles to the axis; rhachis 1–3.5 cm. long, densely yellow bristly hairy; peduncle short, 0–4 mm. long; pedicels 4 mm. long; bracts ovate, broadly elliptic or somewhat obovate, sometimes slightly falcate, 3–7 mm. long, 1.5–4.5 mm. wide, conspicuously covered, particularly on or near the margins, with long yellow bristly hairs; bracteoles lanceolate or elliptic, 3–4 mm. long, 1.2–1.5 mm. wide, acute or obtuse, pubescent and margined with bristly hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Calyx covered with short and rather longer yellow tubercular-based hairs, 5.5–10 mm. long, the upper lip divided for 1.5–2 mm. into 2 very obtuse rounded lobes, the lower lip divided for ± one-third to a half its length into 3 oblong obtuse lobes, the inner usually the narrowest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Standard golden-yellow, flushed red, rounded-oblong, 1–1.2(–1.4) cm. long, 6–8(–11) mm. wide, glabrous; wings and keel yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Ovary 2–5-ovuled, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Pods of 2–5 articles, each compressed-ellipsoid, 3.3 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, pubescent with fine tubercular-based yellow hairs and slightly reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175837 morphology 71EA70D3-7264-4A5F-B3D2-BC6F9571000F Seeds blackish-red, compressed-ellipsoid, longest dimension 2.8 mm., shorter dimension 2 mm., 1 mm. thick; hilum minute, eccentric. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501296-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Erect much-branched somewhat aromatic sticky shrub 0.2–3.6(–4.5) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Stems pubescent and with longer whitish or golden bristly tubercular-based hairs, sometimes also covered with persistent stipules. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Leaves densely congested or laxer, 8–18-foliolate; leaflets narrowly oblong-falcate, always characteristically and distinctly curved at the apex, 3–9(–11) mm. long, 0.7–2.5 mm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate or oblique at the base, ciliate, sometimes minutely ciliate-denticulate, otherwise glabrous save for bristles on the submarginal main nerve; basal nerves 4–5; petiole and rhachis together typically very short, 0.3–1.5(–2.3) cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules triangular-lanceolate, 3–7 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, acute, scarious, ciliate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Inflorescences axillary, dense, few- to several-flowered, 1.5–3.5 cm. long, subsessile; pedicels 2–7 mm. long; rhachis of inflorescence with long golden bristly hairs 1–2 mm. long; bracts ovate, 5–7 mm. long, (2.5–)4–5 mm. wide, with long golden bristly hairs on the margins; bracteoles ovate to lanceolate, 2–6 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, with long hairs chiefly on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Calyx pubescent and ciliate with golden hairs, 0.5–1.2 cm. long, 2-lipped, the lips oblong, upper shortly to deeply emarginate or divided into diverging lobes, the lower divided for two-thirds of its length into 3 oblong rounded or lanceolate acute lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Standard pale to golden-yellow or whitish, elliptic to rounded or obovate-oblong, 0.9–1.2 (–1.6) cm. long, 7–8(–11.5) mm. wide, glabrous; wings golden-yellow; keel greenish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Pods of 1–3 articles, each straight above, strongly curved beneath, 3.2 mm. long, 2.8 mm. wide, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175621 morphology 43BE3BAB-9EA6-4D76-9ED6-6907C2978F04 Seeds greenish to dark reddish-brown, oblong or reniform, longest dimension 1.8–2.5 mm., shorter dimension 1.2–2 mm., 0.5–1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501288-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Shrub or slender-stemmed tree 4.5 (or ? more) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Stems minutely asperous with short very thick-based hairs but without longer hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Leaves 18–30-foliolate; leaflets narrowly oblong, 0.4–1.1 cm. long, 1–4.2 mm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, usually distinctly falcate, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrescent save for ciliate lower margin and short thick hairs on the almost marginal main nerve beneath; petiole and rhachis together 2.5–5 cm. long; petiolules obsolete; stipules narrowly triangular or lanceolate, 6.5–9 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, ciliate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Inflorescences axillary, dense but not strobilate (or scarcely so); rhachis 1.5–2.5 cm. long, covered with long golden-yellow hairs; peduncle 1–1.7 cm. long, golden hairy; pedicels 4–7 mm. long; bracts broadly elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 4.5–7 mm. long, 2.3–2.8 mm. wide, scarious, nervose, pubescent and ciliate; bracteoles oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 1.1–1.5 mm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Calyx covered with short golden pubescence and rather longer tubercular-based hairs, ± 1.3–1.4 cm. long, the upper lip divided for ± one-fifth of its length into 2 obliquely rounded lobes, the lower lip deeply 3-lobed, the lobes narrowly oblong or oblong-elliptic, 6–7 mm. long, obtuse, the inner the narrowest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Standard yellow, rounded, 1–1.2(–1.4) cm. long, 7.5–9 mm. wide, glabrous; wings and keel probably yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Ovary 3–4-ovuled, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Fruit of 2–3 articles, each compressed-ellipsoid, 3 mm. long, 2.2 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175544 morphology CF414E0B-44C1-4294-A65D-FAF3617EA2C6 Seed chestnut, ellipsoid-reniform, longest dimension 2.2 mm., shorter dimension 1.5 mm., 1 mm. thick, slightly beaked to the outside of the minute eccentric hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501285-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Erect shrub 0.3–1.8(–?4.5) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Stems glandular, sticky, densely covered with ± golden bristly tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Leaves 14–26(–30)-foliolate; leaflets elliptic or ± oblong, 0.5–1.7 cm. long, 2–6.5 mm. wide, eccentrically acute and mucronulate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, sometimes denticulate and glandular-ciliate, glandular pubescent to practically glabrous on both surfaces; basal nerves 4–6, the principal one submarginal and bristly beneath; venation rather prominent beneath; petiole and rhachis together 1–6.5 cm. long; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.7–1.5 cm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, acute, scarious, pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Inflorescences axillary, dense, 3–5 cm. long, subsessile or with a peduncle up to 1 cm. long; pedicels 1–1.2 cm. long; bracts ovate or lanceolate, 0.6–1.2 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, acuminate, pubescent and setose; bracteoles free, ovate or lanceolate-falcate, 4–9 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, acuminate, pubescent and setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Calyx pubescent and setose, 1.5–2.2 cm. long, 2-lipped, the upper divided for two-thirds to three-quarters of its length (one-third in subsp. reflexa) into 2 rounded lobes, the lower for over three-quarters of its length into 3 acute lanceolate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Standard orange-yellow, rounded, (1.4–)1.5–2 cm. long, (0.8–)1–1.5 cm. wide, glabrous save for a few hairs on the main nerve; wings and keel yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Pods of 2(–3) articles, each oblong, 5 mm. long, 3.5–5 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175314 morphology FB4A4326-B7C6-4447-B495-BCB17447FA0D Seeds chestnut, elliptic-oblong, longest dimension 3.5 mm., shorter dimension 2.5 mm., 1.5 mm. thick, slightly beaked on the outside of the small eccentric hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501273-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Shrub or small tree 1.8–3.6 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Stems densely covered with short upwardly directed yellow very bulbous-based stiff hairs, later roughened with stipule-bases and eventually peeling and revealing a reddish almost powdery surface beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Leaves 24–40-foliolate; leaflets linear-oblong, slightly but distinctly falcate, 0.25–1.1 cm. long, 0.8–2 mm. wide, acute at the apex, oblique at the base, somewhat coriaceous, rather glossy, ciliate and with stronger bulbous-based cilia along the completely marginal main nerve, other basal nerves obscure; petiole and rhachis together 2–6 cm. long, densely covered with bulbous-based hairs similar to those on the stem; petiolules very short; stipules triangular, 5–6 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, scarious, veined, at least the bases persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Inflorescences axillary, short, lax, 1–4-flowered; rhachis ± 3 cm. long; peduncle ± 5 mm. long; pedicels 5–7 mm. long, covered with hairs similar to those on the stem; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 6–7 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, shortly ciliolate; bracteoles lanceolate, 8–9 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, acuminate, covered with adpressed bulbous-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Calyx with similar hairs, 2-lipped, the lips oblong, ± 2 cm. long, the upper shortly bifid for ± 3 mm. into subacute lobes, the lower divided for 5–6 mm. into 3 subacute lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Standard pinkish-yellow with purple lines or more usually blue, oblong, 2.4 cm. long, 1.2–1.3 cm. wide, emarginate, glabrous; wings and keel presumably the same colour as the standard, with a few bristly hairs at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Ovary 2-ovulate, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Pod with stipe 4 mm. long, of 2 articles, each elliptic, 6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, pilose with short and long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Seeds chestnut, ellipsoid-reniform, compressed, longest dimension 4.7 mm., shorter dimension 3 mm., 1.7 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175287 morphology 5B41FF62-619B-4B1D-B6FF-5DFA180D042E Fig. 60, p. 422. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501271-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Erect, rarely decumbent, aromatic shrub (0.15–)0.5–3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Stems sticky and glandular, densely covered with bristly tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Leaves (12–)16–34-foliolate; leaflets oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 0.2– 1.4(–1.7) cm. long, 1–3.5 mm. wide, obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, oblique at the base, glabrous save for sparse glandular hairs on the main nerve beneath; basal nerves 2–3, the main one submarginal; petiole and rhachis together 1.3–7.5 cm. long; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, acute, scarious, glandular ciliate, ± deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Inflorescences axillary, often curved, dense, strobilate; rhachis 1–7 cm. long; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long; pedicels 5–7 mm. long; bracts free, falcate-lanceolate or ovate, 2–6 mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, acute, asymmetric at the base, pubescent; bracteoles free, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 2–6(–7) mm. long, 0.7–2 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Calyx pubescent, 4–8 mm. long, 2-lipped, the lips elliptic or oblong, the upper deeply emarginate, the lower deeply divided into 3 rounded or acute ovate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Standard white, pale lilac or bluish-violet, often veined mauve, rounded, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, 4–9 mm. wide, emarginate, glabrous save for a few hairs on the central nerve; claw conspicuous; wings white; keel white or bluish-violet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Pods of 1–2 articles, each semicircular, 2–2.5 mm. long and wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175212 morphology 49FBF9CA-AF84-48BD-ACB8-DD5D1D00BD5B Seeds dark brown, oblong-rounded, longest dimension 2 mm., shorter dimension 1.7 mm., 1.2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501269-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Erect or sprawling subshnib 0.3–2.4 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Stems bristly with tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Leaves fasciculate on reduced shoots, 10–24-foliolate; leaflets linear-spathulate, often falcate, 0.3–1 cm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, ciliate and sparsely bristly with tubercular-based hairs on the main nerve beneath; basal nerves 2–4, the main one central or submarginal; petiole and rhachis together 1.2–2.2 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules lanceolate, 0.6–1 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, acuminate, scarious, ciliate, glabrescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Inflorescences axillary in upper leaves, very dense, subsessile, 1.5–2 cm. long; pedicels 2–3 mm. long; bracts ovate-triangular, 0.5–1.3 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, long-cuspidate or acuminate, ciliate with long hairs, with conspicuous main nerve; bracteoles free, ovate or lanceolate, falcate, 5–7 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, acuminate, ciliate with long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Calyx ciliate, 6–7 mm. long, 2-lipped; lips oblong, the upper deeply emarginate, the lower divided for one-half to two-thirds of its length into 3 ovate acuminate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Standard bluish outside, deep blue inside with yellow at the base, squarish-obovate, 0.6–1.3 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, glabrous; wings deep blue; keel hyaline with blue veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Pods of 1–2 articles, each 3–4 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175766 morphology AD2D6285-6FE5-4D23-916D-3C60B925A975 Seeds chestnut, bluntly trigonous, longest dimension 2.5 mm., shorter dimension 2 mm., 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501293-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Erect shrub or subshrub 0.9–1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Stems densely covered with bristly tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Leaves subfasciculate on very short reduced shoots, 12–18-foliolate; leaflets oblong-elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, sometimes slightly falcate, 1.3–8 mm. long, 0.5–2 mm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate or oblique at the base, glabrous or sparsely ciliate, 3-nerved from the base, the main nerve subcentral or submarginal, never truly marginal; petiole and rhachis together 0.5–2.7 cm. long; petiolules very short; stipules lanceolate, 0.7–1 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, acuminate, scarious, pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Inflorescences axillary, dense, subsessile, 1–2.5 cm. long; pedicels 2–2.5 mm. long; bracts ovate, falcate, 6–8 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, acuminate, striate, with a thickened often eccentric midrib, ciliate; bracteoles similar, narrowly ovate, 4–6 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Calyx densely hairy, 0.9–1.3 cm. long, 2-lipped, the upper oblong, divided to ± half-way into 2 acute lobes, the lower elliptic, divided half-way into 3 ovate-lanceolate acute lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Standard blue with yellow mark at the base, obovate, 1.4 cm. long, 8–9(–10.5) mm. wide, glabrous; wings blue, white at the base; keel blue. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Ovary 2-locular, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175726 morphology 3DF00B64-12DE-4E71-961A-EDBD1F9C2B55 Ripe pods and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501291-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Perennial erect or rambling herb or subshrub 0.75–1.8 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Stems covered with bristly tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Leaves subfasciculate on very short reduced shoots, 10–18-foliolate; leaflets narrowly oblong or lanceolate, somewhat falcate, 2–6 mm. long, 0.7–2 mm. wide, rounded or acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, setulose ciliate, punctulate; basal nerves 3–4; petiole and rhachis together 0.5–2.1 cm. long; petiolules very short; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, acuminate, scarious, pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Inflorescences axillary, few-flowered in axils of normal leaves or leaves reduced to stipules, dense, subsessile, 2 cm. long; pedicels 2–3 mm. long; bracts ovate, 4–5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, acute, pubescent; bracteoles joined for three-quarters of their length, ovate, 4–5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, acute, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Calyx pubescent or densely hairy, 1–1.3 cm. long, 2-lipped; lips divided for one-half to two-thirds of their length, the upper oblong, divided into 2 obtuse or subacute lobes, the lower almost round, divided into 3 obtuse to acute ovate or lanceolate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Standard blue, obovate-oblong or rounded, 1–1.2 cm. long, 6–8 mm. wide, glabrous or with some hairs on the margins and main nerve; wings blue, hairy at the apex; keel blue. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Pods of 1–2(–3) articles, each rounded, 3–3.5 mm. long and wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175349 morphology EF4534B3-3705-4BA3-88A8-94D21676D5B3 Seeds grey-brown, rounded reniform, longest dimension 2.5 mm., shorter dimension 2 mm., 1.2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501274-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Erect or decumbent herb or subshrub 12–50 cm. tall from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Stems with tubercular-based bristly hairs but later glabrous and sometimes with peeling epidermis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Leaves 5–10-foliolate; leaflets obliquely elliptic-oblong, slightly to distinctly falcate, 0.4–1.4 cm. long, 1.5–6 mm. wide, acute or subacute at the apex, obliquely subcordate at the base, ciliate with spaced marginal hairs or practically glabrous, 5–6-nerved from the base, the venation prominent on both sides; main nerve eccentric; petiole and rhachis together 3–6 cm. long; petiolules minute; stipules narrowly lanceolate, 1–2 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, acuminate, scarious, ribbed, ciliate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Inflorescences axillary in the upper leaves, together forming a dense head, individual parts several–many-flowered, very dense, strobilate, subsessile, 1.5–2.5 cm. long; pedicels 4–6 mm. long; bracts obliquely ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 0.5–1.5 cm. long, 3–4.5 mm. wide, striate, ciliate; bracteoles lanceolate, 4–8 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Calyx leafy and venose, pubescent, 1–1.4 cm. long, 2-lipped; upper lip divided into 2 almost free obovate-oblong lobes 1.3–1.4 cm. long, each 7.5–9.5 mm. wide; lower lip deeply divided into 3 lobes, the outer pair ovate or obovate, 1–1.2 cm. long, 5.5–6.5(–9) mm. wide, but the central one small, elliptic, 6–8 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide; all lobes ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000020190 morphology FA17015C-6336-4520-BD52-C8A34EC259A6 Achenes 9.5–10.5 mm long, many-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; carpopodium large, stopper-shaped (fide Isawumi); outer pappus 1.8–3 mm long, inner pappus 12–15 mm long, stramineous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258413-1 wfo-0000083453 morphology 654E7724-F875-4D8A-8011-69E92A69464C Herb; stems glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259110-1 wfo-0000083453 morphology 654E7724-F875-4D8A-8011-69E92A69464C Leaves sessile, narrowly oblong, 4–7 cm long, 0.6–1.2 cm wide, rounded at the base, serrate, acuminate, strongly veined, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259110-1 wfo-0000083453 morphology 654E7724-F875-4D8A-8011-69E92A69464C Capitula sessile in clusters of up to 5 in the axils of the upper leaves; involucre 9–12 mm long; phyllaries 5-seriate, lanceolate, 3–8.5 mm long, acuminate, pungent, especially the outer white floccose-tomentose, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259110-1 wfo-0000083453 morphology 654E7724-F875-4D8A-8011-69E92A69464C Corolla purple, 9 mm long, lobes 3 mm long, with a few ascending stiff hairs below the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259110-1 wfo-0000083453 morphology 654E7724-F875-4D8A-8011-69E92A69464C Achenes subcylindric, 3–4 mm long, 6–10-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales 1–1.8 mm long, inner pappus tawny, of shortly barbellate setae, 6–8.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259110-1 wfo-0000083453 morphology 654E7724-F875-4D8A-8011-69E92A69464C Fig. 47. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259110-1 wfo-0000138299 morphology D0FC181F-C8F2-495C-B513-D45901494FDC Densely branched shrub 1–1.5 m tall; stems shortly crispate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259333-1 wfo-0000138299 morphology D0FC181F-C8F2-495C-B513-D45901494FDC Leaves sessile, elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, 2–4.2 cm long, 0.8–2 cm wide, cuneate-attenuate into winged petioloid base, coarsely serrate, obtuse, apiculate, shortly pubescent above, tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259333-1 wfo-0000138299 morphology D0FC181F-C8F2-495C-B513-D45901494FDC Capitula in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre cylindrical, 6–9 mm long, 5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, oblong, 2–7 mm long, with narrowly lanceolate white with green ascending slightly spreading appendages 1.5–4.5 mm long, 0.3–1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259333-1 wfo-0000138299 morphology D0FC181F-C8F2-495C-B513-D45901494FDC Corolla pale pink or white, 10 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259333-1 wfo-0000138299 morphology D0FC181F-C8F2-495C-B513-D45901494FDC Achenes pubescent, 3.3–3.5 mm long; pappus 7.5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259333-1 wfo-0000009782 morphology C5ECAAAA-D39F-4F70-8CF8-3D4DD142FC21 Shrub, woody herb or small tree 1.5–12 m tall; stems often with small protuberances on older stems, densely finely tomentose, sometimes also with longer crispate hairs intermixed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258021-1 wfo-0000009782 morphology C5ECAAAA-D39F-4F70-8CF8-3D4DD142FC21 Leaves sessile, elliptic, lanceolate or broadly so, 6.3–34 cm long, 1.8–9.5 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate and then often decurrent to the auriculate or exauriculate petioloid base, margins serrate, apex acuminate, thinly or minutely pubescent and glabrescent above, thinly pubescent mostly on veins and glabrescent to densely pubescent or tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258021-1 wfo-0000009782 morphology C5ECAAAA-D39F-4F70-8CF8-3D4DD142FC21 Capitula several in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre hemispherical, 13–40 mm long; appendage of outer phyllaries green, recurving, of median and inner phyllaries white or sometimes white with purple tinge; phyllaries in several series, the outer and median oblong or lanceolate, with lanceolate to ovate appendages, the inner usually oblong, with short oblong or triangular appendages, longest phyllaries 12.5–34 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258021-1 wfo-0000009782 morphology C5ECAAAA-D39F-4F70-8CF8-3D4DD142FC21 Corolla white to mauve or lavender (see subspecies), 9.5–18 mm long, lobes 1.7–3 mm long, with a few stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258021-1 wfo-0000009782 morphology C5ECAAAA-D39F-4F70-8CF8-3D4DD142FC21 Achenes 4–6.5 mm long, thinly ascending-pubescent, at least on ribs towards the apex, to almost glabrous; pappus multiseriate, 9–17 mm long, pale brown or tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258021-1 wfo-0000028285 morphology EB53BCB4-12A0-48ED-AB5F-E39F70AE5B4A Coarse shrub 1.5 m tall; stems tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259245-1 wfo-0000028285 morphology EB53BCB4-12A0-48ED-AB5F-E39F70AE5B4A Leaves lanceolate, 4.5–9 cm long, 1.4–3.5 cm wide, cuneate to unwinged exauriculate petioloid base, margins serrate, apex acuminate, thinly scabridulous-pubescent above, pale-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259245-1 wfo-0000028285 morphology EB53BCB4-12A0-48ED-AB5F-E39F70AE5B4A Capitula in corymbiform cymes; involucre 11–15 mm long; phyllaries 2–4-seriate, oblong, 4–18 mm long, green, including lanceolate to triangular attenuate appendages 7–13 mm long, 2.5–5.5 mm wide, mauve or lilac. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259245-1 wfo-0000028285 morphology EB53BCB4-12A0-48ED-AB5F-E39F70AE5B4A Corolla mauve to lilac, 11.7–13 mm long, lobes 1.7–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259245-1 wfo-0000028285 morphology EB53BCB4-12A0-48ED-AB5F-E39F70AE5B4A Achenes 3.2–3.8 mm long, ascending-pubescent; pappus multiseriate, 7–7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259245-1 wfo-0000028285 morphology EB53BCB4-12A0-48ED-AB5F-E39F70AE5B4A Fig. 38/9 (capitulum), p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259245-1 wfo-0000134103 morphology D8E66700-34EE-4186-B8E5-D6D345436EEE Woody herb or shrub 60–250 cm tall; stems numerous (always?), scabridulous-tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257980-1 wfo-0000134103 morphology D8E66700-34EE-4186-B8E5-D6D345436EEE Leaves lanceolate or ovate, 5–13.5 cm long, 2–5 cm wide, cuneate or rounded-cuneate to a short exauriculate petioloid base, margins serrate, apex acuminate, scabridulous above, thinly pubescent to tomentose and glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257980-1 wfo-0000134103 morphology D8E66700-34EE-4186-B8E5-D6D345436EEE Capitula rather few in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre 20–34 mm long; phyllaries 5–6-seriate, oblong to shortly broadly oblong with broadly ovate to lanceolate to short triangular appendages, the longest phyllaries 20–28 mm long, including appendages 13–19 mm long, 7–13 mm wide, pink or purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257980-1 wfo-0000134103 morphology D8E66700-34EE-4186-B8E5-D6D345436EEE Corolla white tinged mauve or pink, 15–18.5 mm long, lobes 1.3–1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257980-1 wfo-0000134103 morphology D8E66700-34EE-4186-B8E5-D6D345436EEE Achenes 3.8–4 mm long, pubescent; pappus 9–11.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257980-1 wfo-0000092177 morphology 0332E732-84CD-41F3-BFD5-E98A89A0EDDF Shrub, woody herb or rarely a tree 1.2–4 m tall; stems unbranched at base, branching from higher up, densely velvety-tomentose with russet-brown hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258540-1 wfo-0000092177 morphology 0332E732-84CD-41F3-BFD5-E98A89A0EDDF Leaves sessile, lanceolate or elliptic, 5.5–20 cm long, 1–7 cm wide, cuneate to attenuate into a sometimes winged auriculate or exauriculate petioloid base, margins obscurely remotely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate, finely shortly pubescent and glabrescent above, grey-green tomentose or crispate-pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258540-1 wfo-0000092177 morphology 0332E732-84CD-41F3-BFD5-E98A89A0EDDF Capitula numerous in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre ovoid, 15–24 mm long; appendages of phyllaries ± erect with spreading tips, white or rarely pale lilac; phyllaries 4–6-seriate, elliptic or lanceolate, with lanceolate or ovate appendages, longest phyllaries 11–22 mm long; appendages 7–16.5 mm long, 0.7–7.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258540-1 wfo-0000092177 morphology 0332E732-84CD-41F3-BFD5-E98A89A0EDDF Corolla mauve, violet or pale purple, turning white, 10–14 mm long, lobes 1.2–2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258540-1 wfo-0000092177 morphology 0332E732-84CD-41F3-BFD5-E98A89A0EDDF Achenes 3–4 mm long, black, glabrous or almost so, rarely ascending-pubescent; pappus 7–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258540-1 wfo-0000116055 morphology 6174C0A7-6F79-4BE3-9336-DE66A7AE527E Woody herb or shrub 75–300 cm tall; stems branched in upper part only, densely pubescent with brownish hairs, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259537-1 wfo-0000116055 morphology 6174C0A7-6F79-4BE3-9336-DE66A7AE527E Leaves ovate to lanceolate, 3.5–16 cm long, 1.6–7 cm wide, base cuneate or subtruncate to cordate, margins serrate, apex shortly acuminate, slightly scabrid or thinly pubescent above, rather thinly pubescent to grey-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259537-1 wfo-0000116055 morphology 6174C0A7-6F79-4BE3-9336-DE66A7AE527E Capitula aggregated in dense terminal clusters; involucre 7–13 mm long; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, oblong, with lanceolate or ovate appendages, the appendages white or white with faint pink tinge, the longest phyllaries 8.5–13 mm long; appendages 5–10 mm long, 1–3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259537-1 wfo-0000116055 morphology 6174C0A7-6F79-4BE3-9336-DE66A7AE527E Corolla bright to pale mauve or bluish white, fading to white, 10–14 mm long, lobes 1.5–2.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259537-1 wfo-0000116055 morphology 6174C0A7-6F79-4BE3-9336-DE66A7AE527E Achenes 3–3.5 mm long, sparsely pubescent on the ribs, glandular in between, rarely glabrous; pappus multiseriate, 6.5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259537-1 wfo-0000116055 morphology 6174C0A7-6F79-4BE3-9336-DE66A7AE527E Fig. 37/3–4, p. 164. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259537-1 wfo-0000009373 morphology 0863727E-506C-4F0B-9D38-6DBF63E67EE8 Shrub 1.5–4 m tall; stems grey, bark slightly warted, young stems finely tomentose, sometimes also with longer spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259284-1 wfo-0000009373 morphology 0863727E-506C-4F0B-9D38-6DBF63E67EE8 Leaves sessile, ovate or lanceolate, 7.5–35 cm long, 3.5–11 cm wide, attenuate on to a winged auriculate or exauriculate petioloid base, margins coarsely serrate, apex acuminate, thinly crispate-pubescent and ± glabrescent above, thinly finely pubescent especially on veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259284-1 wfo-0000009373 morphology 0863727E-506C-4F0B-9D38-6DBF63E67EE8 Capitula many, in large terminal lax corymbs; involucre 11–15 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, the outer green, with narrowly lanceolate appendages, the median and inner oblong, with white lanceolate appendages, the longest phyllaries 11–14 mm long; appendages 7–11 mm long, 2.5–3.8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259284-1 wfo-0000009373 morphology 0863727E-506C-4F0B-9D38-6DBF63E67EE8 Corolla purple, lilac or white, 10.5–12 mm long, lobes 1.7–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259284-1 wfo-0000009373 morphology 0863727E-506C-4F0B-9D38-6DBF63E67EE8 Achenes 3.7 mm long, sparsely minutely ascending-pubescent; pappus 9.5–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259284-1 wfo-0000115733 morphology DD2145FD-76D0-480F-9FE8-7FD3A1F556C5 Shrub 2.4–5 m tall; stems finely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258628-1 wfo-0000115733 morphology DD2145FD-76D0-480F-9FE8-7FD3A1F556C5 Leaves elliptic or broadly so, 9–22 cm long, 9–10 cm wide, attenuate into a narrowly winged auriculate base, margins serrate, apex acuminate, scattered crispate-pubescent and ± glabrescent above, pale tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258628-1 wfo-0000115733 morphology DD2145FD-76D0-480F-9FE8-7FD3A1F556C5 Capitula many in fairly dense terminal leafy corymbs; involucre 10–15 mm long; phyllaries 5–8-seriate, oblong or broadly oblong with lanceolate or ovate appendages, these acute to acuminate on outer and median phyllaries, obtuse on inner ones, the longest phyllaries 9.5–11.5 mm long; appendages white, 5–6.5 mm long, 1.8–2.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258628-1 wfo-0000115733 morphology DD2145FD-76D0-480F-9FE8-7FD3A1F556C5 Corolla mauve or pale mauve, 10.5 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258628-1 wfo-0000115733 morphology DD2145FD-76D0-480F-9FE8-7FD3A1F556C5 Achenes 4.5 mm long, shortly pubescent; pappus 8–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258628-1 wfo-0000044298 morphology 532D5835-FBAC-45C9-AAF3-E2B8E8D92757 Shrubby herb or small shrub 60–250 cm tall; stems unbranched apart from the inflorescence, velvety-tomentose with dark spots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258264-1 wfo-0000044298 morphology 532D5835-FBAC-45C9-AAF3-E2B8E8D92757 Leaves oblanceolate-oblong, oblong or elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 5–13 cm long, 0.8–2.3(–5.4) cm wide, attenuate to a short petioloid or subsessile exauriculate base, margins serrate or coarsely so, apex shortly acuminate, shortly finely crispate-pubescent and ± glabrous above, thinly pubescent to ± tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258264-1 wfo-0000044298 morphology 532D5835-FBAC-45C9-AAF3-E2B8E8D92757 Capitula in copious terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre 7–12 mm long; phyllaries 4–6-seriate, lanceolate, with small lanceolate appendages, the longest phyllaries 6.3–10.5 mm long; appendages pink, 1–3.7 mm long, 0.5–1.3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258264-1 wfo-0000044298 morphology 532D5835-FBAC-45C9-AAF3-E2B8E8D92757 Corolla purple or mauve, 9–13 mm long, lobes 1.2–1.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258264-1 wfo-0000044298 morphology 532D5835-FBAC-45C9-AAF3-E2B8E8D92757 Achenes shortly pubescent, 2.3–3.5 mm long; pappus 6–8 mm long, white or cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258264-1 wfo-0000024404 morphology CE6498F0-18BA-4AEE-AA2D-3D76017E711D Woody herb or shrub 0.4–3 m tall, rarely climbing to 4.5 m; older stems with raised dark brown lenticels or even tubercles, the young stems velvety-tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258663-1 wfo-0000024404 morphology CE6498F0-18BA-4AEE-AA2D-3D76017E711D Leaves ovate, elliptic or lanceolate, 2.6–35 cm long, 1–12.5 cm wide, base cuneate, rounded or sometimes attenuate into unwinged exauriculate petioloid base, margins serrate or coarsely serrate with callose tips, apex acute or acuminate, green and puberulous to scabridulous to finely shortly pubescent above, greyish green and pubescent to tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258663-1 wfo-0000024404 morphology CE6498F0-18BA-4AEE-AA2D-3D76017E711D Capitula usually numerous in often copious terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre cylindrical or ovoid-cylindrical, 5–16 mm long; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, the outer green, the inner white, oblong or lanceolate, the longest phyllaries 5.5–13 mm long; appendages oblong or triangular on the inner phyllaries, with attenuate to rounded apiculate apices, 1–10 mm long, 0.4–3.8 mm wide, obtuse and often apiculate, green or white, sometimes with mauve tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258663-1 wfo-0000024404 morphology CE6498F0-18BA-4AEE-AA2D-3D76017E711D Corolla mauve or lilac, often tinged white or fading to white, 8–14 mm long, lobes 1.2–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258663-1 wfo-0000024404 morphology CE6498F0-18BA-4AEE-AA2D-3D76017E711D Achenes 2.2–4.2 mm long, ascending-pubescent; pappus 6.5–9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258663-1 wfo-0000004957 morphology D28EF554-48D2-49CB-8999-A07D86163A04 Woody herb or shrub 0.6–4 m tall, with woody rootstock; stems at first thickly pubescent to tomentose, when older developing a grey bark, sometimes purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257749-1 wfo-0000004957 morphology D28EF554-48D2-49CB-8999-A07D86163A04 Leaves ovate to elliptic, rarely oblanceolate, 3–25 cm long, 1–8.5 cm wide, base cuneate or attenuate into a petioloid base, margins serrate or coarsely so, apex shortly acuminate, densely finely pubescent to scattered-hispid and often ± glabrescent above, densely grey-tomentose to thinly pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257749-1 wfo-0000004957 morphology D28EF554-48D2-49CB-8999-A07D86163A04 Capitula rather few in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre hemispherical to globose, 18–33 mm long; phyllaries 5–6-seriate, pale green, lanceolate, the longest 13–27 mm long, ± tomentose; appendages lanceolate to ovate, 3–20 mm long, 1–11 mm wide, 0.9–13.6 times as long as wide, green to white (rarely pale lilac), ± curving or recurving on the outer and middle, standing out in a series of frills, erect on the inner, densely shortly pubescent to glabrous, acute to subtruncate or attenuate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257749-1 wfo-0000004957 morphology D28EF554-48D2-49CB-8999-A07D86163A04 Corolla white, pale mauve or lilac, 12.5–19 mm long, lobes 1.2–2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257749-1 wfo-0000004957 morphology D28EF554-48D2-49CB-8999-A07D86163A04 Achenes 3.2–5.5 mm long, densely ascending-pubescent; pappus yellowish white or tan, outer of short scales, inner 8–13.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257749-1 wfo-0000004957 morphology D28EF554-48D2-49CB-8999-A07D86163A04 Fig. 48, fig. 38/10 (capitulum), p.168 urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257749-1 wfo-0000033058 morphology A85EBF3B-8109-44BB-84D0-A618ACE9B4D1 Perennial herb 90 cm tall; stems tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934997-1 wfo-0000033058 morphology A85EBF3B-8109-44BB-84D0-A618ACE9B4D1 Leaves subsessile, lanceolate, 2.5–7.5 cm long, 1–3 cm wide, base cuneate, margins sinuate-dentate, apex acute, finely pubescent above, densely pale-tomentellous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934997-1 wfo-0000033058 morphology A85EBF3B-8109-44BB-84D0-A618ACE9B4D1 Capitula rather few in terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre hemispherical, 7–9 mm long; phyllaries lanceolate, 3–7 mm long, acute, with lanceolate appendages 1 mm long, 0.7 mm wide, glabrous or almost so except on margins below the appendage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934997-1 wfo-0000033058 morphology A85EBF3B-8109-44BB-84D0-A618ACE9B4D1 Corolla white, ± 13 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934997-1 wfo-0000033058 morphology A85EBF3B-8109-44BB-84D0-A618ACE9B4D1 Achenes cylindric, when young ± 3 mm long, pubescent and glandular; pappus 9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934997-1 wfo-0000044715 morphology 1DC7860A-3F2C-4F88-BA15-46C2116BC15A Perennial herb with woody rootstock and tuberous roots; stems annual, solitary, 20–90 cm tall, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259140-1 wfo-0000044715 morphology 1DC7860A-3F2C-4F88-BA15-46C2116BC15A Leaves subsessile, narrowly elliptic, 2.5–9 cm long, 0.4–2 cm wide, base attenuate, margins serrate, apex obtuse, apiculate, bright green and glabrescent above, densely pale-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259140-1 wfo-0000044715 morphology 1DC7860A-3F2C-4F88-BA15-46C2116BC15A Capitula solitary or usually few in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula 3–9 cm long; involucre broader than high, 10–14 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, the outer broadly lanceolate becoming more triangular inwards, 3–10 mm long, with lanceolate appendages 1.5–3 mm long, 1.3–2.2 mm wide, 1–1.5 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259140-1 wfo-0000044715 morphology 1DC7860A-3F2C-4F88-BA15-46C2116BC15A Corolla mauve, magenta or blue, 11–15.5 mm long, lobes 2–2.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259140-1 wfo-0000044715 morphology 1DC7860A-3F2C-4F88-BA15-46C2116BC15A Achenes 4.5 mm long, densely pubescent; pappus 6.7–7.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259140-1 wfo-0000132306 morphology 17F9D75D-5E5E-4BDB-8451-F491E27886A6 Erect subscapose herb with tuberous roots; stems pale tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258738-1 wfo-0000132306 morphology 17F9D75D-5E5E-4BDB-8451-F491E27886A6 Leaves mostly basal, broadly obovate, 10–17 cm long, 7–10 cm wide, base attenuate, margins serrate, apex rounded or with a downcurved acumen, glabrescent above, finely pubescent mainly on veins beneath; stem leaves smaller, relatively narrower, the uppermost bract-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258738-1 wfo-0000132306 morphology 17F9D75D-5E5E-4BDB-8451-F491E27886A6 Capitula few in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; involucre 20–22 mm long; phyllaries 4–6-seriate, oblong, 1.8–5 mm long excluding the appendages, these broadly lanceolate to ovate, rounded to emarginate, 4–8.5 mm long, 5–11.5 mm wide, 0.7–0.8 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258738-1 wfo-0000132306 morphology 17F9D75D-5E5E-4BDB-8451-F491E27886A6 Corolla mauve, 21 mm long, lobes 2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258738-1 wfo-0000132306 morphology 17F9D75D-5E5E-4BDB-8451-F491E27886A6 Achenes (immature) densely pubescent; pappus multiseriate, 2–14 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258738-1 wfo-0000119262 morphology 9DBF0657-85DE-4454-B7F2-473380CC14FB Precociously flowering herb with tuberous roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259171-1 wfo-0000119262 morphology 9DBF0657-85DE-4454-B7F2-473380CC14FB Leafy stems sterile, non-flowering, 30–60 cm tall, crispate-tomentose and also spreading-setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259171-1 wfo-0000119262 morphology 9DBF0657-85DE-4454-B7F2-473380CC14FB Leaves sessile, elliptic, 6–10.5 cm long, 1.2–2.3 cm wide, base cuneate, margins serrate, apex obtuse, apiculate, floccose and glabrescent above, with dense pale tomentum beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259171-1 wfo-0000119262 morphology 9DBF0657-85DE-4454-B7F2-473380CC14FB Capitula terminal, 1–6 on 5–15 cm tall bracteolate leafless scapes borne on the crown of the rootstock before appearance of the leafy stems; bracts linear or narrowly elliptic, 1–2(–6) cm long, 0.1–0.2(–0.6) cm wide; involucre 11–14 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, 4–14 mm long, obtuse and sometimes purplish and crispate-pubescent in upper part, sometimes including inconspicuous appendages 4–7 mm long, 1.7–3 mm wide, 1.6–2.6 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259171-1 wfo-0000119262 morphology 9DBF0657-85DE-4454-B7F2-473380CC14FB Corolla purple or violet, 12.5–18 mm long, lobes 2–2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259171-1 wfo-0000119262 morphology 9DBF0657-85DE-4454-B7F2-473380CC14FB Achenes (immature) shortly ascending-pubescent; pappus 7.5–10.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259171-1 wfo-0000035487 morphology 1F7C51B8-FEC1-4DDA-9732-228C1CFA1293 Perennial herb 40–80 cm tall; stems tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258563-1 wfo-0000035487 morphology 1F7C51B8-FEC1-4DDA-9732-228C1CFA1293 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate or elliptic, 4–12.5 cm long, 0.5–2.5 cm wide, base attenuate, margins serrate, apex obtuse to apiculate, scabridulous to glabrous above, pale tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258563-1 wfo-0000035487 morphology 1F7C51B8-FEC1-4DDA-9732-228C1CFA1293 Capitula rather numerous in terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre 12–15 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, oblong, 4–9.5 mm long including the conspicuous white spreading lanceolate appendages 3.3–6 mm long, 2.5–5 mm wide, 0.8–2 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258563-1 wfo-0000035487 morphology 1F7C51B8-FEC1-4DDA-9732-228C1CFA1293 Corolla mauve, pale mauve or white, 14–15 mm long, lobes 1.3–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258563-1 wfo-0000035487 morphology 1F7C51B8-FEC1-4DDA-9732-228C1CFA1293 Achenes 2–3 mm when young, pubescent; pappus multiseriate, 2–9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258563-1 wfo-0000035487 morphology 1F7C51B8-FEC1-4DDA-9732-228C1CFA1293 Fig. 38/7 (capitulum), p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258563-1 wfo-0000041787 morphology 78E35B90-4F18-4A7E-82E4-835CA30AC301 Perennial herb 90–120 cm tall with woody rootstock; stems tomentose with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259489-1 wfo-0000041787 morphology 78E35B90-4F18-4A7E-82E4-835CA30AC301 Leaves rather crowded, subsessile, oblong, 3–11 cm long, 1–3 cm wide, rounded then cuneate to a short petioloid base, margins coarsely serrate, apex shortly acuminate, glabrous or almost so above, thinly tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259489-1 wfo-0000041787 morphology 78E35B90-4F18-4A7E-82E4-835CA30AC301 Capitula very numerous in dense terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre 7–10 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, ovate to oblong, 3–8 mm long, white-tomentose, with glabrous reddish rim-like appendages, 0.7–3 mm long, 2–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259489-1 wfo-0000041787 morphology 78E35B90-4F18-4A7E-82E4-835CA30AC301 Corolla white or pale pink, 10–12 mm long, lobes 2–3.2 mm long, glabrous, slightly glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259489-1 wfo-0000041787 morphology 78E35B90-4F18-4A7E-82E4-835CA30AC301 Achenes 3.2 mm long, densely ascending-pubescent; pappus multiseriate, 2–10 mm long, flattened on the inner achenes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259489-1 wfo-0000041787 morphology 78E35B90-4F18-4A7E-82E4-835CA30AC301 Fig. 38/8 (capitulum), p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:66998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259489-1 wfo-0000028379 morphology 72BB7C55-4F04-470A-BBD4-01A6FB5681E6 Annual herb, 20-120 cm tall, unbranched or lightly branched; stems green but often with short purple lines, shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257826-1 wfo-0000028379 morphology 72BB7C55-4F04-470A-BBD4-01A6FB5681E6 Leaves alternate or the lower opposite, sessile, elliptic to oblanceolate, 2–29 cm long, 1–9 cm wide, attenuate or cuneate-attenuate into a petioloid base, margins serrate or coarsely so especially in upper part, apex acuminate, shortly scattered-pubescent above, thinly pubescent especially on veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257826-1 wfo-0000028379 morphology 72BB7C55-4F04-470A-BBD4-01A6FB5681E6 Capitula few in lax terminal scorpioid compound corymbiform cymes; involucre urceolate to globose, 12–23 mm long; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, lanceolate with spatulate appendages on the outer and median and with ovate appendages on the inner ones, 9–22 mm long, pale green with green or purple to mauve appendages especially on the inner, these 6.2–17 mm long, 1–3 mm wide, 3.2–13 times as long as wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257826-1 wfo-0000028379 morphology 72BB7C55-4F04-470A-BBD4-01A6FB5681E6 Corolla deep purple or mauve, 7.5–12.2 mm long, lobes 1–1.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257826-1 wfo-0000028379 morphology 72BB7C55-4F04-470A-BBD4-01A6FB5681E6 Achenes 4–5.2 mm long, finely ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of short scales 0.5–1.8 mm long, inner pappus 5.5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257826-1 wfo-0000028379 morphology 72BB7C55-4F04-470A-BBD4-01A6FB5681E6 Fig. 38/6 (capitulum), p. 168. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257826-1 wfo-0000130257 morphology 090BC9D3-A1F3-4339-905D-814CFD2B8853 Perennial woody herb or subshrub 30–120 cm tall; stems arising from a woody tuberous rootstock, finely pubescent with asymmetrically T-shaped and simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259444-1 wfo-0000130257 morphology 090BC9D3-A1F3-4339-905D-814CFD2B8853 Leaves crowded, ericoid, subsessile, linear-lanceolate, 1–7 cm long, 0.2–0.7(–1.1) cm wide, base cuneate or obtuse, margins revolute, apex obtuse and apiculate, glabrescent above, densely finely pubescent and glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259444-1 wfo-0000130257 morphology 090BC9D3-A1F3-4339-905D-814CFD2B8853 Capitula in compound terminal inflorescences of small corymbiform cymose clusters; involucre ovoid-cylindrical, 6–12 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate (7- fide Isawumi), lanceolate, 2–8.5 mm long, obtuse, apiculate, whitish, sometimes purplish at the apex, densely finely pubescent distally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259444-1 wfo-0000130257 morphology 090BC9D3-A1F3-4339-905D-814CFD2B8853 Corolla purple, blue or white, 8–9.5 mm long, lobes 2 mm long, with capitate glands and trichomes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259444-1 wfo-0000130257 morphology 090BC9D3-A1F3-4339-905D-814CFD2B8853 Achenes 3–3.3 mm long, 8-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; carpopodium small; outer pappus of lanceolate scales, 1.3–2.3 mm long, inner pappus of white or pale greyish brown subplumose bristles, 5–6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259444-1 wfo-0000033054 morphology 1D6243C3-EDE4-4FC6-89B6-7B47861DF665 Perennial herb ± 40 cm tall; stems with sparse appressed simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257911-1 wfo-0000033054 morphology 1D6243C3-EDE4-4FC6-89B6-7B47861DF665 Leaves linear, 2–2.8 cm long, 0.15–0.2 cm wide, acute, subglabrous, densely glandular with sunken glands on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67021 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257911-1 wfo-0000033054 morphology 1D6243C3-EDE4-4FC6-89B6-7B47861DF665 Capitula terminal, solitary or in lax few-headed corymbiform cymes, sessile among the uppermost foliage leaves; involucre hemispherical, 14–17 mm long; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, lanceolate to oblong, 4–12.5 mm long, acute to acuminate, sparsely pubescent in upper part, especially the inner strongly purple-tinged in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67022 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257911-1 wfo-0000033054 morphology 1D6243C3-EDE4-4FC6-89B6-7B47861DF665 Corolla bright blue, 12 mm long, lobes 2.5 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67023 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257911-1 wfo-0000033054 morphology 1D6243C3-EDE4-4FC6-89B6-7B47861DF665 Achenes (immature) ascending-pubescent, especially on ribs; outer pappus of oblong laciniate scales, 1.2 mm long, inner pappus stramineous, 7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67024 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257911-1 wfo-0000090485 morphology 499B2D50-5FBA-4620-8CB4-A62C64DD26AD Annual herb to 60 cm high; stems angular, the branches often purple near the main stem, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930033-1 wfo-0000090485 morphology 499B2D50-5FBA-4620-8CB4-A62C64DD26AD Leaves narrowly oblanceolate or elliptic, 1.5–8 cm long, 0.4–1.3 cm wide, base cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, shortly ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930033-1 wfo-0000090485 morphology 499B2D50-5FBA-4620-8CB4-A62C64DD26AD Capitula rather numerous in lax compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula finely pubescent; involucre narrowly ovoid, 10–13 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, outer and median lanceolate, inner narrowly oblong, 2–10.8 mm long, acute, finely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930033-1 wfo-0000090485 morphology 499B2D50-5FBA-4620-8CB4-A62C64DD26AD Corolla white, pale yellow or mauve, 12.5 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930033-1 wfo-0000090485 morphology 499B2D50-5FBA-4620-8CB4-A62C64DD26AD Achenes 2–2.6 mm long, 5-ribbed; outer pappus of oblong laciniate silvery scales 0.4 mm long, inner pappus of ± 6 setae, 7–8 mm long, pale yellow-green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930033-1 wfo-0000002731 morphology 065BBE5B-04B1-485D-80AF-8C3B2B472990 Erect annual herb 15–80 cm tall; stems ribbed, ascending-pubescent with asymmetrically T-shaped hairs and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258597-1 wfo-0000002731 morphology 065BBE5B-04B1-485D-80AF-8C3B2B472990 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 1–6 cm long, 0.1–1 cm wide, base cuneate, margins remotely serrulate but ± revolute, obtuse and apiculate, scabridulous above, puberulous and glandular beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258597-1 wfo-0000002731 morphology 065BBE5B-04B1-485D-80AF-8C3B2B472990 Capitula 2–4 per branch in corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender; involucre 8–12 mm long; phyllaries 4–6-seriate, lanceolate, 3–12 mm long, very acute with purplish almost filiform tips, otherwise pale green, the inner pale brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258597-1 wfo-0000002731 morphology 065BBE5B-04B1-485D-80AF-8C3B2B472990 Corolla white, cream or mauve to purple, 8–12.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258597-1 wfo-0000002731 morphology 065BBE5B-04B1-485D-80AF-8C3B2B472990 Achenes ± 2.5 mm long, obscurely 5-ribbed, white-strigose, glandular; outer pappus of lanceolate scales 0.3–0.5 mm long, inner pappus of 9–17 setae, pale green or stramineous, 6–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258597-1 wfo-0000002731 morphology 065BBE5B-04B1-485D-80AF-8C3B2B472990 Fig. 39/8 (achene), p. 172. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258597-1 wfo-0000029387 morphology 57EA01A7-BF44-435F-B9F2-6672E41E3F6E Annual (sometimes perennial?) herb 50–90 cm tall, erect; stems finely ascending-pubescent with incipiently asymmetrical T-shaped hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258094-1 wfo-0000029387 morphology 57EA01A7-BF44-435F-B9F2-6672E41E3F6E Leaves narrowly oblanceolate or linear, 3–7 cm long, 0.2–0.5 cm wide, base cuneate, margins remotely apiculate-denticulate, apex obtuse to acuminate, shortly finely pubescent, glabrescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258094-1 wfo-0000029387 morphology 57EA01A7-BF44-435F-B9F2-6672E41E3F6E Capitula in lax corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly finely pubescent; involucre ovoid, 11–16 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, 4–11.5 mm long, acute, finely ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258094-1 wfo-0000029387 morphology 57EA01A7-BF44-435F-B9F2-6672E41E3F6E Corolla red-violet, pale blue or white, 10–10.5 mm long, lobes 1–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258094-1 wfo-0000029387 morphology 57EA01A7-BF44-435F-B9F2-6672E41E3F6E Achenes 2.3–3 mm long, sharply 7-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of silvery lanceolate scales 1–1.5 mm long, inner pappus rather scant, dull green, 8–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258094-1 wfo-7000000652 morphology 78B409FD-EDA8-4E94-96F9-6CFFBC10967D Perennial herbs adapted to life in shallow sea water, with creeping rhizomes, monoecious or dioecious; rhizomes creeping or tuberous, nodes with intervaginal scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30103742-2 wfo-7000000652 morphology 78B409FD-EDA8-4E94-96F9-6CFFBC10967D Leaves distichous, linear or filiform; leaf sheath open or closed, often with stipuloid flanges, with an auriculate ligule at the junction with the blade; blade parallel-veined, sometimes with midrib urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30103742-2 wfo-7000000652 morphology 78B409FD-EDA8-4E94-96F9-6CFFBC10967D Inflorescence of 1 to several spadices, each enclosed in a spathe formed by the sheath of the next leaf; flowers small, sessile in two rows on a flattened axis; pollination by water; petals absent, stamen 1, sessile, dorsifixed, anther with longitudinal slits, the pollen filamentous, without exine, with the same density as sea water; pistillate flower protogynous, gynoecium 1, 1- locular with basally united styles and two stigmatic arms; ovule single, pendulous, orthotropous, bitegmic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30103742-2 wfo-7000000652 morphology 78B409FD-EDA8-4E94-96F9-6CFFBC10967D Fruit a small irregular drupe, or irregularly dehiscing; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30103742-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Annual or perennial herbs, often in seasonally or permanently wet sites; stems upright, base sometimes swollen in perennial species urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Leaves alternate, simple, linear, distichous, few to numerous, basal sheath open, blade flattened to terete urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Inflorescence a condensed pedunculate spike; flowers in the axils of densely crowded often coriaceous bracts, forming a spherical, ovoid or elongate head (the spike) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Flowers 3-merous, bisexual; calyx-lobes 3, the adaxial at first forming a hood-like structure over the bud, the laterals smaller; corolla tubular, divided above into 3 broad spreading usually yellow but sometimes white, blue or orange petals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Stamens 3, opposite the petals, often with 3 staminodes alternating with them urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Ovary (1–)3-locular, with numerous ovules and axile or parietal placentation; style 1, sometimes divided into 3 at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Fruit a loculicidal or irregularly dehiscent capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000649 morphology 7DA1183E-4A99-4C71-A6E4-87A3D8A0C2BD Seeds numerous, small, with endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002183-2 wfo-7000000556 morphology A7407E39-47E9-423B-8CFF-46D70D55012E Terrestrial ferns with creeping rhizomes clothed with hairs or scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30017813-2 wfo-7000000542 morphology 616C21E6-F61B-40A9-B2A3-F11FC129B015 Floating aquatic plants with slender branched siphonostelic rootless rhizomes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126792-1 wfo-7000000542 morphology 616C21E6-F61B-40A9-B2A3-F11FC129B015 Leaves dimorphous, borne in whorls of three, two floating, oblong to orbicular, entire, variously papillate on the aerial surface, the third submerged, finely dissected, hairy and rootlike urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126792-1 wfo-7000000502 morphology 76A5D6E6-426D-4279-9558-457035873470 Terrestrial or epiphytic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30213386-2 wfo-7000000502 morphology 76A5D6E6-426D-4279-9558-457035873470 Leaves small, simple, scale-like, ovate, spaced, spirally disposed, rigid, somewhat spiniform with distinct or very poorly developed bundles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30213386-2 wfo-7000000433 morphology D46D9860-6D9F-4ECB-B0C3-02FF0D1B355F Terrestrial plants with erect or procumbent creeping rhizomes enclosed by a mass of persistent stipe-bases which are winged at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126775-1 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Leaves alternate, sometimes crowded (palm-like) at the apex of the tree, variously simple, ternate, biternate, pinnate or bipinnate, in the latter two kinds most often without a terminal leaflet at maturity; stipules lacking or small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Inflorescences axillary or cauliflorous, thyrsoidal, paniculate or racemose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Flowers regular or slightly zygomorphic, unisexual except in some Dodonaea but with non-functional organs of the other sex usually present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Calyx of (3–)4–5(–7) free or partially united imbricate or valvate sepals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Petals absent or 4–5, often with a basal claw, usually with a simple or elaborated scale on the inner face urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Disk conspicuous, simple, or rarely a double ring, or reduced to a pair of glands urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Stamens 5–20(–74), often 8, but sometimes variable in number within a species, inserted in most cases inside the disk or occasionally on its surface; filaments free, terete or barely flattened, glabrous or hairy; anthers variously ovoid-sagittate to spherical, sometimes pilose, the connective rarely glandular, dehiscing introrsely by longitudinal slits; pollen grains tricolporate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Ovary 1–8-locular; ovules usually 1–2 (rarely several) per locule; style apical, except in >i>Allophylus where semi-gynobasic, entire or 2–3-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Fruit a capsule, sometimes lobed, or drupe, often composed of one matured mericarp with the aborted remaining carpels visible at its base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000544 morphology DB371321-4F1E-4021-BB66-DB51D5042257 Seed usually with a hard black or brown testa, which in one case contains stomata, often with a conspicuous fleshy aril or sarcotesta, without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000506-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Annual or perennial herbs usually under 1 m. high, often much smaller; stem usually abbreviated to a basal disc, infrequently elongate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Leaves narrow, lanceolate to filiform, spirally arranged, crowded into a basal rosette or rarely dispersed on elongate stems, opaque to translucent, sometimes fenestrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Inflorescence capitate, single or in umbels, on leafless ribbed scapes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Capitula composed of many small (often tiny) unisexual flowers on a central receptacle surrounded by 1–several whorls of involucral bracts, monoecious, each flower often subtended by a floral bract urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Flowers trimerous or less often dimerous, subactinomorphic to strongly zygomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Perianth usually composed of two distinct whorls, sometimes reduced or absent; calyx of free, partially or almost completely connate sepals, sometimes spathe-like especially in the male flowers; petals free or partially connate, spathulate to filiform, frequently hairy, often with a subapical black gland; male petals often fused with the floral axis to form an infundibular structure topped by very small free lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Male flowers with stamens as many or twice as many as the sepals; inner whorl epipetalous; a vestigial gynoecium usually present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Female flowers with a superior 2–3-locular ovary; style simple, tipped with 2, 3 or 6 elongate stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000219 morphology 35627765-416E-4743-8AEE-84E54C39723C Fruit a thin-walled, loculicidally dehiscent capsule, each locule containing a single seed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000867-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Perennial evergreen or seasonal herbs, with rhizomes, bulbs or corms, rarely annuals or shrubs with a woody caudex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Leaves basal and cauline, sometimes the lower 2-3 membranous below, entirely sheathing, not reaching much above the ground (thus cataphylls); foliage leaves with open or closed sheaths, the blades mostly distichous and equitant (the base of one leaf clasping the base of the one opposite, this in turn clasping the base of the next), oriented edgewise to the stem (unifacial), parallel-veined, plane, plicate or rarely terete; or oriented with the adaxial surface facing the stem (bifacial) and channelled to flat in a few genera urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Flowering stems aerial or subterranean, simple or branched, terete, angled or winged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Inflorescence either composed of umbellate clusters (rhipidia) enclosed in opposed leafy to dry bracts (spathes) with flowers usually pedicellate (to ± sessile) and each subtended by one bract; or a spike of sessile flowers, each subtended by 2 opposed bracts; or occasionally flowers solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Flowers hermaphrodite, with a petaloid perianth of 2 equal or unequal whorls (rarely one whorl absent), actinomorphic or zygomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Tepals usually large and showy, free virtually to the base or united in a tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Stamens 3, inserted at the base of the outer tepals, or in the tube, symmetrically disposed or unilateral and arcuate (or declinate); filaments filiform, free or partly to completely united; anthers 2-thecous, extrorse, usually dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Ovary inferior (but superior in the Tasmanian Isophysis ), 3-locular with axile placentation (rarely 1-locular with parietal placentation); ovules anatropous, few-many; style filiform, usually 3-branched, sometimes simple, or 3-lobed, the branches either filiform or distally expanded, sometimes each divided in the upper half, stigmatic towards the apices, or the branches thickened or flattened and petaloid, the stigmas then abaxial below the apices urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Fruit a loculicidal capsule, rarely indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000299 morphology 27F27253-9A59-428B-B4A7-F9388DA3E9A6 Seeds globose to angular or discoid, sometimes broadly winged, usually dry (rarely fleshy); endosperm hard, with reserves of hemicellulose, oil and protein; embryo small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001783-2 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Trees, shrubs or rarely subshrubs, dioecious, without latex; heartwood often black urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Leaves simple, usually alternate and entire or obscurely crenulate; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Flowers regular, hypogynous, 3-8-merous, unisexual but generally with remnants of the other sex present, arranged in cymes, fascicles or simple to branched false-racemes or sometimes solitary; often cauliflorous; peduncles sometimes bracteate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Calyx gamosepalous, entire and truncate to deeply lobed, always persistent in fruiting state and usually accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Corolla gamopetalous, shortly to deeply lobed, the tube somewhat fleshy and constricted at the throat, the lobes contorted and overlapping to the right when viewed from side urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Stamens from (2-)3 to more than 100, epipetalous or borne on the receptacle, exserted or included; filaments often very short; anthers basifixed, usually apiculate and setulose, often unequal, occasionally 2 or more borne on one filament; rudimentary ovary variable in development, rarely ± lacking urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Ovary syncarpous of 2-8 carpels, each with 2 ovules and usually completely or incompletely divided by a false partition into 2, 1-ovuled locules; styles the same number as the carpels, distinct or joined at the base, very rarely completely fused; stigmas usually well developed; ovules apical, pendulous, anatropous, with 2 integuments; staminodes very variously developed, rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Disk present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Fruits usually berries, rarely with a tardy dehiscence urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000206 morphology FA7C2D9B-9FED-4095-B7B6-4E2B4BA1E9A1 Seeds large, usually encircled by a distinct peripheral vascular ring; hilum small, apical, obscure; testa coriaceous; endosperm abundant, hard and horny, smooth or ruminate; embryo mostly ± 1/2 the length of the seed; radicle large, superior; cotyledons leafy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126676-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Trees or very occasionally lianes, dioecious or rarely monoecious, frequently aromatic, evergreen or rarely deciduous (some Virola species) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Leaves alternate, entire, pinnately nerved, sometimes with gland dots; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Inflorescences axillary or extra-axillary, rarely terminal, capitate, umbellate, fascicled or racemose, the partial inflorescences in fairly lax to dense panicles or compound heads; bracts often present, usually deciduous; bracteoles mostly absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Flowers with perianth infundibuliform, campanulate, urceolate or patelliform with (2–)3–4(–5) valvate lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Male flowers: stamens 2–30(–40); filaments joined into a column; anthers adnate to the column, arranged in a ring, free, or fused into a globular mass, 2-thecous, muticous or slightly apiculate, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; rudimentary ovary absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Female flowers: ovary 1-locular, superior, usually sessile; style very small or absent; stigmas 2, indistinct, ± joined; ovule 1, usually anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Fruits with fleshy or leathery pericarp, mostly dehiscent into 2 valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000402 morphology 9F1005A4-FEEA-4DCC-A01E-1C1D36C8E540 Seeds with a thin or fleshy often highly coloured entire, lobed or laciniate aril; testa usually in 3 layers, the outer membranous or fleshy, the middle one woody, the inner one membranous and usually intruding into the folds of the endosperm; endosperm abundant, entire or ruminate, very oily; embryo very small, with basal suberect, spreading or connate cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126699-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Aquatic or marsh herbs with a tufted rootstock or creeping rhizome urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Leaves floating or submerged, alternate, entire or trifoliate; petiole sheathing at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Flowers bisexual, rarely unisexual, solitary, paired, racemose or fasciculate or in many-flowered cymes, panicles, or involucrate heads urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Calyx 5(-8)-lobed or -partite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Corolla sympetalous, 5(-8)-lobed; lobes valvate or induplicate-valvate, margins or inside sometimes fimbriate or crested urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Stamens 5(-8), inserted towards the base of the tube or between the corolla-lobes; anthers 2-thecous, sagittate and versatile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Nectaries usually present, hypogynous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Ovary superior to semi-inferior, 1-locular with 2(-5) parietal placentas; style 1, 2(-5)-fid at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Fruit a capsule, usually 4- or 2-valved, rarely fleshy or pulpy and indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 morphology 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC Seeds few-numerous, winged or not, with copious endosperm and small embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000376 distribution 56717C8B-6F9B-4981-919C-1777D02CBFBC A family of 5 genera and ± 40 SPECIES with a cosmopolitan distribution. A single genus is found in tropical Africa. The family is sometimes included within Gentianaceae, but significant differences have been found and in Cronquist’ s classification (Evol. & Class. Fl. Pl., ed. 2 (1988)) it is included within the Solanales rather than the Gentianales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126679-1 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Mostly evergreen trees (often tall with buttresses), shrubs or, in Cassytha, parasitic twiners with scale-like leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Leaves simple, alternate or occasionally opposite, entire to slightly undulate or, in about six SPECIES, lobed, usually coriaceous; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Flowers usually small, mostly green or yellow, regular, unisexual or hermaphrodite, in cymes, false umbels, heads, spikes, panicles or occasionally solitary; bracts small or absent or, in a few genera, forming an involucre at the base of the inflorescences or partial inflorescences urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Perianth-lobes usually ± equal, in 2 whorls of (2-)3, imbricate or in ± one whorl urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Stamens and staminodes usually twice as many as perianth-segments, in 4 (rarely more) whorls; innermost whorl and occasionally 2 outer whorls reduced to staminodes; filaments of third whorl usually with 2 ± stalked or sessile glands on either side, the stalk sometimes adnate to the filament, rarely all or none with glands; anthers with 2-4 thecae opening by valves, those of the outer stamens introrse, those of the third series often extrorse urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Ovary unicarpellate, sessile, free or in a few genera adhering to the calyx-tube and appearing inferior, 1-locular; ovule 1, pendulous, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Fruit a 1-seeded berry or dry but indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000321 morphology CFEEE115-2AFB-4A42-BFFB-741885FE9CA8 Seeds with endosperm; cotyledons large urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000569-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Herbs, perennial, terrestrial, epiphytic or aquatic, often with milky, viscid or acrid sap; stems lianescent, tuberous, rhizomatous or reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Leaves alternate, 1–many, petiolate, usually some reduced to scale leaves (cataphylls) before or among normal leaves or inflorescences; petiole typically with distinct basal sheath, often pulvinate at or near apex; lamina usually broad, membranous to coriaceous, very variable in size and shape, simple or variously lobed, sometimes perforated; main venation pinnate, palmate, pedate or rarely parallel, finer venation reticulate or striate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Inflorescence pedunculate, consisting of fleshy ± cylindric spadix (spike) subtended by bract-like spathe; spathe usually spreading above and convolute below, rarely with margins connate near base, often variously coloured; spadix either uniform with bisexual flowers or monoecious with pistillate flowers at base, staminate flowers above, sterile flowers of varying shape often present at base, middle or apex, apical portion sometimes forming a sterile appendix urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Flowers numerous, minute, sessile, bractless, naked or perigoniate, bisexual or unisexual; perigon (perianth) cup-like or composed of 4–9 free or ± connate tepals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Stamens opposite tepals, free or connate into synandria; anthers sessile or with elongated filaments, opening by lateral or apical slits or pores; connective often very thick urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Ovary normally superior, 1–many-locular; locules each with 1–many ovules; placentas parietal, axile, basal or apical; stigma sessile or borne on short, conical, rarely attenuate style urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Male flowers many: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply divided, apices feathery; stamens ± 6.5 mm. long, anther-thecae shortly pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Female flower: ovary densely pubescent, sessile; styles ± 6 mm. long, pubescent, joined up to halfway, with spreading, deeply bifid, thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Capsule subglobose, pubescent, ± 8 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Seeds ovoid, angular, with truncate base, ± 3 × 4 mm., smooth, pale grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962815 morphology 2D35E54B-4424-4964-872E-1CA4EC1DCB3A Fig. 87/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906076-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Much-branched woody shrub to 60 cm. high; young branches puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Leaves puberulous, subsessile, alternate, obovate, to 1.5 × 1.3 cm., base rounded, apex rounded to emarginate, margin entire, ± undulate; petiole to 2 mm. long; glandular stipules minute, sharply pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Cymes terminal, of solitary cyathia on peduncles 1.5 mm. long; bracts ± opposite, a little smaller than the leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Cyathia ± 5.5 × 8.5 mm., with puberulous, funnel-shaped involucres; glands 5, spreading, transversely elliptic to 2.5 × 4 mm., shallowly saucer-shaped, greenish yellow; lobes rounded, ± 1.5 × 2 mm., margin fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, deeply laciniate, feathery; stamens 6 mm. long, with pedicels occasionally sparsely hairy above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Female flower: ovary subsessile, densely puberulous; styles ± 4.5 mm. long, joined for ± 3 mm., pubescent, with spreading deeply bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Entire capsule not seen, puberulous and probably subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed and ± 5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000962976 morphology DC341EA5-6BAF-4CA3-8133-39D1B54786D1 Seeds ovoid, base truncate, 3 × 2.5 mm., greyish brown, areolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347080-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Perennial herb with a tuberous rootstock to 30 × 1–5 cm., producing several woody subterranean stems branching at ground-level; branches shortly pubescent, decumbent, 15–40(–60) cm. high, usually woody, sometimes herbaceous when produced after burning. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Leaves linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, to 45 × 6 mm., puberulous when young, glabrescent, base and apex rounded, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath; petiole to 2 mm. long; glandular stipules triangular, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Cymes irregular, with the primary cyathium on a naked peduncle to 4.5 cm. long, the lateral branches leafy, with cyathia subsessile or on peduncles to 2 cm. long; bracts similar to the leaves, single or occasionally paired, pubescent on the margin, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Cyathia 2.5–4 × 5–8 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, pubescent; glands 5 or up to 8 on the larger primary cyathium, distant, subcircular to transversely elliptic, 1–1.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm., shallowly saucer-shaped to 2-lipped, margin entire to irregularly crenulate; lobes transversely rectangular, ± 1.5 × 2 mm., margin deeply toothed, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Male flowers many: bracteoles laciniate, apices feathery; stamens 3.5–4 mm. long, with pedicels usually pubescent at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Female flower: perianth a distinct rim below the densely pubescent shortly pedicellate ovary; styles ± 2 mm. long, pubescent below, joined for up to 1/3, with spreading, channelled, shortly to distinctly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Capsule shallowly 3-lobed, ± 7 mm. in diameter, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Seeds globose, 3 mm. in diameter, smooth, brown, mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000961037 morphology D8A88078-6D43-4BCC-AEFA-6DAA992C6381 Fig. 87/4,5, p. 463. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345818-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Intricately branched woody puberulous shrublet to 30(–80) cm. high, from a subfleshy rootstock 1–2 cm. thick; terminal branchlets very numerous, thin and usually contracted, with leaves subfasciculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Leaves oblanceolate, to 18(–35) × 8 mm., base cuneate, apex obtuse, margin entire, lamina puberulous, glabrescent beneath; petiole 1 mm. long; glandular stipules minute, pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Cymes terminal, reduced to a solitary sessile cyathium, surrounded by 2–5 obovate puberulous bracts ± 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Cyathia 2.5 × 4 mm., with very finely puberulous broadly cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., ± 2-lipped with a slightly wavy margin; lobes rounded, ± 1.2 mm. long, margin fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Male flowers: bracteoles strap-shaped, apices feathery; stamens 2.5 mm. long, with pedicels puberulous above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Female flower: ovary sessile, puberulous; styles 1.8 mm. long, puberulous, joined to halfway, with spreading, flattened, rugose, shortly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 3.5 mm., minutely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962751 morphology 41A0378C-A3D9-4C0A-80B1-D18FCA2BDEC8 Fig. 87/6, 7, p. 463. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906075-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Perennial shrub, with a fleshy tuberous root to 30 cm. long, producing numerous erect woody stems and branches to 1 m. high, puberulous when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate, to 25 × 6 mm., base cuneate, apex rounded to minutely apiculate, lamina glabrous except for a few hairs at the base; glandular stipules minute, pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Cymes axillary, reduced to a solitary subsessile cyathium surrounded by several pubescent obovate bracts ± 3 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Cyathia ± 3 × 5 mm., with pubescent cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, the sides inrolled to form an erect tube open on the inner side, transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. when opened out; lobes transversely rectangular, ± 1.3 × 2 mm., margin fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Male flowers many: bracteoles deeply laciniate and feathery; stamens 4 mm. long, with pedicels pubescent at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Female flower: ovary subsessile, densely pubescent; styles 1.5 mm. long, joined to ± halfway, with spreading thickened rugulose apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, pubescent, ± 4 × 5.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962827 morphology 47BDF34D-58CA-4BCD-8906-CE8CC9BC7DE2 Seeds globose, 2.5 mm. in diameter, smooth, grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346990-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Woody shrub 30–40 cm. high, with spreading branches puberulous when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Leaves alternate or fasciculate on much abbreviated branchlets, sessile, obovate to oblanceolate, to 4.5 × 1 cm., base cuneate, apex obtuse, margin entire, lamina glabrous except for occasional hairs at the base; glandular stipules pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Cymes reduced to solitary, terminal cyathia; bracts leaf-like, ± 2 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Cyathia subsessile, ± 2.5 × 5.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, circular, ± 2 mm. in diameter, funnel-shaped to deeply saucer-shaped; lobes transversely oblong, ± 1.5 × 2 mm., margin fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, with feathery apices; stamens ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Female flower: ovary subsessile, densely pubescent; styles ± 2 mm. long, joined halfway, with spreading thickened bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, ± 6 × 5 mm., pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000962450 morphology 19110496-924A-40FC-BBD2-5BB38E1D82B8 Seeds subglobose, 2.5 × 3 mm., smooth, grey, mottled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906074-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Woody shrub to 4 m. high, with greyish to purple-brown, dull or shiny peeling bark; branches with alternating spine-tipped branchlets to 12 cm. long, spreading at right-angles, minutely puberulous when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Leaves alternate on young growth, fasciculate on older branches, cuneate-spathulate, to 4.5 × 1.5 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded to emarginate, margin entire, glabrous or pubescent; petiole to 5 mm. long; stipules glandular, minute and sharply pointed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Cymes reduced to subsessile solitary cyathia, or clustered in terminal 2–5-branched umbels with primary rays to 7 mm. long, 2–3-forked; bracts minute, leaf-like, 1–3 mm. long, minutely puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Cyathia 2–5 × 4–7 mm., with broadly funnel to cup-shaped involucres, minutely puberulous; glands 5, subcircular, funnel-shaped and distant, to flat and almost touching, to ± 2.5 mm. in diameter, yellow; lobes rounded, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm., with deeply fringed margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Male flowers: bracteoles ligulate, with feathery apices; stamens ± 4–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Female flower: ovary subsessile, puberulous; styles ± 2 mm. long, joined for up to 2/3 of their length, with recurved, thickened, channelled apices, bifid for 1/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, to 7 × 8 mm., pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961581 morphology 256B2CC3-DADF-4C19-9C7B-428166157B2C Seeds subglobose, ± 2.5 mm. in diameter, smooth, reddish brown, faintly speckled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346176-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Erect or sometimes scandent woody shrub to 2(–4) m. high, with smooth shiny bark; young branches pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Leaves petiolate, elliptic, to 4.5 × 2.5 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded and minutely apiculate, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath, young leaves pubescent towards the base; petiole to 1 cm. long, usually pubescent on young leaves; glandular stipules large, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Cymes of solitary, axillary cyathia, surrounded at the base by 4–8 scarious oblong bracts, ± 2 × 1.5 mm., with finely ciliate margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Cyathia subsessile, ± 3 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 5, transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm., yellowish green, touching; lobes subquadrate, ± 1 mm. long, margin denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, margins ciliate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Female flower: ovary glabrous, subtended by an obvious 3-lobed perianth; styles 2 mm. long, joined for 1/3, with spreading, bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Capsule exserted on a reflexed usually puberulous pedicel to 1 cm. long, deeply 3-lobed with slightly depressed apex, to 8.5 × 10 mm., green often tinged with purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000961970 morphology A3B67315-11EC-4A8F-BFB5-C8F64DA7E798 Seeds ovoid, ± 5.5 × 4.5 mm., slightly dorsi-ventrally compressed, smooth, pale grey with a yellow cap-like caruncle 2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Densely branched often apparently dioecious shrubs to 4 m. or trees to 12 (–15) m. high, with brittle succulent branchlets ± 7 mm. thick often produced in whorls, green and longitudinally finely striated, with white to yellowish latex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Leaves few, fleshy, linear-lanceolate, to 15 × 2 mm., present only at the tips of young branchlets and very quickly deciduous; extreme tips of young leafy branchlets sparsely tomentose, with curled brown hairs, soon glabrescent; glandular stipules minute, dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Cymes 2–6 congested at the apices of the branchlets, forking 2–4 times, with rays less than 1 mm. long producing a dense cluster of cyathia developing only ♂ flowers, or occasionally a few ♀ flowers also present, or cyathia fewer and only ♀ flowers developing, the whole cyme ± glabrous or tomentose, with curled brown hairs, especially the involucres and lobes; bracts rounded, ± 2 × 1.5 mm., ± sharply keeled, usually glabrous except on the margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Cyathia subsessile, ± 3 × 4 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands 5, subglobose to transversely elliptic, 0.5 mm. in diameter to 1.5 × 2 mm., bright yellow; lobes triangular, ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Male involucres: bracteoles linear with plumose apices; stamens 4.5 mm. long; an aborted ♀ flower is occasionally present. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Female involucres: bracteoles present and occasionally a few ♂ flowers; ♀ perianth distinctly 3-lobed below the tomentose ovary, with lobes 0.5 mm. long; styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, with thickened deeply bifid recurved apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Capsule glabrescent, exserted on a tomentose pedicel to 1 cm. long, subglobose, ± 8 × 8.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Seeds ovoid, 3.5 × 2.8 mm., smooth, buff speckled with brown and with a dark brown ventral line; caruncle 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000965116 morphology FB543259-7589-43D3-9E11-9C5C9D5836B4 Fig. 89/1, 2, p. 472. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348517-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Sprawling or scrambling glabrous perennial shrub forming tangled masses to 2 m. high, densely branched with branchlets eventually ± parallel to the main branches; branches and branchlets ± 1 cm. thick, green, with leaf-scars made prominent by the formation of a dark brown callus developed as the leaf falls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Leaves sessile, lanceolate, to ± 18 × 5 mm., becoming reflexed, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Cymes in 3–7-branched umbels surrounding a central cyathium, with simple rays to 2 cm. long; bracts broadly deltoid, to 5 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Cyathia on peduncles to 2 mm. long, ± 3.5 × 10 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, but twice as large in the deciduous central cyathium which develops only ♂ flowers; glands 4, or 7–8 in the central cyathium, circular to transversely elliptic, to 3.5 × 5 mm., golden yellow; lobes broadly triangular, 1 × 2 mm., with apex deeply notched, margin finely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Male flowers: bracteoles very numerous, spathulate, apices plumose; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles ± 3 mm. long, joined at the base with spreading thickened apices bifid for 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, to ± 1 × 1.5 cm., exserted on a reflexed pedicel ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Seeds ovoid, ± 4 × 3.3 mm., grey, faintly rugulose, with a caruncle 1.5 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:41999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000963615 morphology F06D4C7D-EEA1-44A7-A07A-8882986C2F84 Fig. 89/3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347519-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Glabrous perennial shrub scrambling to 3 m. high, forming tangled masses of semi-woody branches, with very slender brittle branchlets to ± 15 cm. long arising at right-angles to the main branches and possibly deciduous; branches less than 1 cm. thick, glaucous, with leaf-scars made ± prominent by the formation of a dark brown callus produced as the leaf falls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate, to 30 × 3 mm., reflexed, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Cymes terminal on lateral branchlets, in 3–5-branched umbels surrounding a central cyathium, with simple rays to 3 cm. long, sometimes with 1–2 rays replaced by sterile leafy branchlets; bracts deltoid, ± 4.5 × 3.5 mm., but resembling the leaves below the umbel, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Cyathia on peduncles to 2 mm. long, ± 3 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 4, or 5 on the deciduous central cyathium which often develops only ♂ flowers, subcircular to transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 3.5 mm., yellow; lobes transversely rectangular, ± 0.7 × 1.5 mm., apex deeply notched, margin finely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Male flowers: bracteoles numerous, spathulate, plumose; stamens 4.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, with spreading, thickened, distinctly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, ± 5.5 × 6.5 mm., exserted on a pedicel ± 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Seeds ovoid, ± 3 × 2.5 mm., brownish grey, rugose, with a caruncle 1 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000961160 morphology 592F76C2-587D-454F-81F9-506D1E066B51 Fig. 89/4, p. 472. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906068-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Glabrous much-branched perennial shrub, sprawling to 1.5 m. high or scrambling in bushes and small trees to 4 m. high; branches spreading, ± succulent, green, ± 1 cm. thick, with dark brown leaf-scars becoming ± prominent on older branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Leaves sessile, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate to 4 × 1 cm., reflexed, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Cymes in 4–8-branched umbels surrounding a central sessile cyathium, with simple rays to 3 cm. long, rarely more; bracts deciduous or persistent, green or red, broadly deltoid to 5 × 6 mm., with apex occasionally ciliate, the umbellate bracts ovate to 15 × 10 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Cyathia on peduncles to 4 mm. long, ± 3 × 7.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, the central cyathium a little larger and usually deciduous, developing only ♂ flowers; glands 4(–5), or 6–8 on the central cyathium, subcircular to transversely elliptic, ± 3 × 4.5 mm., ± reflexed; lobes subquadrate, ± 1 × 1.5 mm., margin ciliate, with deeply notched apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Male flowers: bracteoles very numerous, spathulate, deeply laciniate, plumose; stamens 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Female flower: ovary pedicellate; styles ± 3 mm. long, joined at the base, with spreading, deeply bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Capsule obtusely 3-lobed, ± 5.5 × 7 mm. on a pedicel to ± 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000962323 morphology 81CE3278-4D4E-4E56-95AA-BEA2B34C1AEC Seeds ovoid, 3 × 2.5 mm., slightly laterally compressed, pale greyish brown, faintly mottled, almost smooth; caruncle 1.3 mm. across. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346654-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Tree to ± 6.5 m. high, with ± drooping branches sparsely rebranched to form a loose untidy crown; branches fleshy, shortly 3(–5)-angled, or narrowly winged, 1–2.5 cm. wide; angles shallowly toothed, with teeth 1–4 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Spine-shields obtusely triangular, to ± 4 × 3 mm., eventually extended to enclose the flowering eye just above; spines to 3 mm. long; prickles vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Leaves persistent at the branch apices, obovate, to 9 × 5 cm., tapering to a petiole to 7 mm. long, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Cymes solitary, 2-forked, with peduncle ± 2 mm. long and cyme-branches 5–7 mm. long; bracts deltoid, ± 3 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Cyathia ± 2.5 × 6.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 3 mm., almost touching, yellow; lobes subcircular, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, laciniate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Female flower: perianth distinct, with 3 or more irregular lobes 0.5–1.5 mm. long; styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, apices rugose, bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Capsule exserted on a stout pedicel to 8 mm. long, acutely 3-lobed, ± 9 × 14 mm., reddening. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961141 morphology 9B4F3881-3927-4605-BE6B-FC5A8A49CF9D Seeds subglobose, 3.8 mm. in diameter, reddish brown with pale speckles, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932424-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Tree to 15(–25) m. high, with a simple trunk rarely branching, to 60 cm. in diameter and with fissured greyish brown bark marked with 4(–5) vertical rows of persistent spines and pit-scars resulting from fallen branches; branches spreading horizontally, to ± 4 m. long, densely and irregularly rebranching to form a rounded crown; terminal branchlets fleshy, 2–3(–4)-angled, 4–10 cm. wide, deeply and thinly winged, ± constricted at irregular intervals of 5–40 cm. into oblong segments; angles sinuately toothed with teeth 1–2.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Spine-shields triangular to 5 × 3 mm., eventually extended to enclose the flowering eye just above; spines 2–6 mm. long; prickles rudimentary, triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Leaves persistent on young growth, obovate, to 6 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Cymes 3–7, crowded together, 1 (–2)-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches 3–4 mm. long; bracts deltoid ± 2.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Cyathia ± 3 × 6.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 3 mm., almost touching, yellowish green; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm., deeply fringed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate, plumose; stamens 4.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Female flower: perianth 1.5 mm. long irregularly divided into 5–9 short lobes; styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices rugose, bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Capsule exserted on a curved pedicel to 1 cm. long, subglobose, ± 7 × 10 mm., fleshy, green flushed with red, hardening to become obtusely 3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000961657 morphology 3EF0550F-5F0F-4481-A470-B5D37E7C911C Seeds subglobose, 4.5 mm. in diameter, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346226-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Tree to 30 m. high, with a simple trunk to ± 90 cm. in diameter and roughened grey bark; primary branches ascending, rebranching irregularly and ± densely at the apices to form a spreading rounded crown; terminal branchlets fleshy, 3(–4)-angled, 5–17 cm. wide, deeply and thinly winged with wings 2–7 cm. wide, ± constricted at irregular intervals into oblong segments 15–40 cm. long; angles straight to sinuately toothed, with teeth 1.5–3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Spine-shields rounded, to 5 mm. in diameter, eventually extended to 5 mm. above the spines to enclose the flowering eye; spines stout, 1–3 mm. long; prickles absent or vestigial; spine-shields and spines becoming corky and eventually disintegrating. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Leaves persistent for some time on young growth, obovate, to 15 × 6 cm., fleshy, midrib keeled on the lower surface, base tapering to a petiole ± 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal line or occasionally 4 crowded together, 1-forked, with stout peduncles, and cyme-branches 3–4 mm. long arranged in a vertical plane; bracts rounded, ± 4 × 7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Cyathia ± 4 × 7 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 4 mm., with undulate margin, not quite touching, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, plumose; stamens 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Female flower: perianth irregularly divided into 5–12 lanceolate lobes with toothed margins, to 6 mm. long; styles 3.5 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, ± bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Capsule on a stout pedicel 3 mm. long, subglobose, to 12 × 16 mm., fleshy, red, hardening before dehiscence to become obtusely 3-lobed with woody walls 2–3 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000963659 morphology B22CF723-5593-48B8-94B7-E0B860FD1002 Seeds subglobose, slightly compressed laterally, 4.5 mm. in diameter, yellowish brown speckled with black, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347550-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Tree to 25 m. high, with a simple trunk to ± 80 cm. in diameter and smooth wrinkled greyish brown bark; primary branches spreading-ascending, sparsely rebranched, with clusters of fleshy branchlets at the apices forming a loose crown; branchlets irregularly rebranching, 3–4-angled, 2–6 cm. wide, deeply and thinly winged, ± constricted at irregular intervals into pear-shaped or oblong segments to ± 20 cm. long; angles sinuately toothed with teeth ± 1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Spine-shields obtusely triangular, 3–5 mm. long and wide, eventually extended to enclose the flowering eye just above; spines 1–2.5 mm. long; prickles rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Leaves rounded, to 9.5 × 10 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal line or occasionally 4 crowded together, 1-forked with stout peduncles, and cyme-branches 2–3 mm. long arranged in a vertical plane; bracts rounded, 3 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Cyathia ± 3.5 × 7 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 4 mm., not quite touching, yellowish green; lobes subcircular, ± 2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Standard bright blue, round or squarish-obovate, 0.8–1.2 cm. long, 8.5–10 mm. wide, pubescent along the midrib and ciliate along the upper margin; wings blue, ciliate at apex; keel greenish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Pods of 1–2 articles, each kettle drum-shaped, 4–5 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide, densely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175359 morphology CFD4FE50-DF26-480D-85DF-FB1BE0F7408B Seeds chestnut, oblong-reniform, longest dimension 3.5 mm., shorter dimension 3 mm., 1.3 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501275-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Erect subshrub or shrub ± 0.9–1.8 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Stems pubescent when young with tubercular-based hairs; bark becoming fissured and somewhat flaky on the older stems. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Leaves 9–10(–12)-foliolate; leaflets oblanceolate or oblong, falcate, 0.6–1.85 cm. long, 1.2–4 mm. wide, acute at the apex, cuneate, entire or ciliate-denticulate, glabrous or minutely pubescent; basal nerves 3–6; petiole and rhachis together 1–2.5 cm. long; petiolules very short; stipules joined for 3–4 mm., sometimes dense and sheathing on the young shoots, triangular or lanceolate, 0.8–1.8 cm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide, acute or acuminate, membranous, pubescent, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Inflorescences axillary, dense, few-several-flowered, subsessile, ± 1–1.5(–2) cm. long; pedicels 3–3.5(–5) mm. long; bracts ± ovate, 5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, striate, pubescent; bracteoles ovate, 5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Calyx glandular-pubescent, 8–10 mm. long, 2-lipped; lips oblong, the upper divided for half its length into 2 acute lobes, the lower divided for two-thirds of its length into 3 lanceolate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Standard yellow, obovate, somewhat hooded, 1.05–1.45 cm. long, 4–8 mm. wide, hairy on midrib outside, otherwise glabrous; wings and keel yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Pods of 1–2 articles, each rounded, 3 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175588 morphology F9A0451B-28AF-49E4-941E-0DFA55D8097C Seeds chestnut, trigonous or oblong-reniform, longest dimension ± 2–2.5 mm., slightly beaked beyond the eccentric hilum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501287-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Small bushy subshrub or shrub 0.75–1.8 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Stems purplish-brown, covered with long greyish-white bristly spreading hairs scarcely if at all tubercular-based. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Leaves 8–18-foliolate; leaflets narrowly oblong, nearly always distinctly falcate, 1.2–4 mm. long, 0.6–0.8 mm. wide, acute or apiculate at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrescent or with very scattered long bristly hairs; margins entire; main nerve submarginal; petiole and rhachis together 0.5–1.2 cm. long, with long bristly hairs; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, 1.2–2 mm. wide, acuminate, striate, ciliate with long white bristles, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Inflorescences axillary, short but running together to form very dense terminal oblong heads 1.5–7 cm. long, 2–2.5 cm. wide; peduncles of individual inflorescences 2–3 mm. long; pedicels 4–5 mm. long; primary and secondary bracts ovate or rounded-ovate, 4–6 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, acute, denticulate-ciliate; bracteoles lanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, denticulate-ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Calyx green tinged red, pubescent, 5–6 mm. long, the upper lip oblong, emarginate, the longer lower lip shortly divided into lobes, the outer pair rounded, obtuse, the central one triangular, acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Standard deep blue with darker veins, obovate-oblong, 8–9 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, emarginate, glabrous; wings deep blue; keel cream with dark blue veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175566 morphology A9150550-472C-499D-AE60-4BB55ADEBE35 Pods not seen but very young ones consisting of 2 articles, hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501286-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Perennial erect or decumbent herb, 0.6–2 m. long, sometimes with short stolons but this may not be a constant feature. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Stems covered with spreading tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Leaves fasciculate, 16–34-foliolate; leaflets linear-oblong, 2–4.5 mm. long, 0.75–2 mm. wide, rounded or subacute at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous or sparsely bristly on the main nerve beneath; margins ciliate; basal nerves 2–5, the main one submarginal; petiole 1–5 mm. long; rhachis 0.6–2.5 cm. long; petiolules very short; stipules lanceolate, 5–9 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, acuminate, scarious, brown, glabrous, sparsely ciliate, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Inflorescences dense, axillary, few-flowered, subsessile, 0.5–1 cm. long; peduncle 3 mm. long; pedicels 2–4 mm. long; bracts ovate-triangular, 5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, acuminate, glabrous or puberulous and with some tubercular-based hairs on the margins and principal nerves; bracteoles lanceolate, somewhat falcate, 4–6 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, acuminate, puberulous and ciliate with tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Calyx sparsely pubescent with tubercular-based hairs, 2-lipped; lips 4–5.5 mm. long, the upper lip shortly divided into 2 rounded or acute lobes, the lower deeply divided into 3 ovate-elliptic, subacute or acute lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Standard probably yellow, obovate, 4–5 mm. long, 2–2.2 mm. wide, emarginate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Ovary glabrous, 2-ovuled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Pods of l(–?2) articles, 2 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175747 morphology 748BBBC4-DA4E-4225-ADE3-D88B534976FA Seeds blackish, not seen ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501292-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Annual ascending or erect unbranched to much branched aromatic herb, 5–45 cm. tall, ± decumbent at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Stems glabrous or covered with both bristly and short curved hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Leaves 6–20-foliolate; leaflets oblong, elliptic, obliquely obovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–6 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide, acute, terminated by a bristle, practically glabrous or with a few long bristly hairs on the nerves and margins; petiole 2–6 mm. long; rhachis 0.4–1.9 cm. long; stipules lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, acute or acuminate, scarious, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Inflorescences small terminal dense heads, 0.5–1.8 cm. in diameter; peduncles obsolete; pedicels 2 mm. long; bracts ovate, 2–4 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles falcate, elliptic or lanceolate, 2–5 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, glabrous or serrulate with long cilia. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Calyx 2-lipped; lips scarious and ciliate, 2.5–4 mm. long, the upper lip shortly divided into 2 acute or acuminate lobes, the lower shortly divided into 3 obtuse or acute, ovate, elliptic or lanceolate lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Standard blue, pink, white or violet, ± obovate, 4–5.5(–11) mm. long, 3.5–4(–6) mm. wide, glabrous; wings and keel similarly coloured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Pods 2.5 mm. long, of 2 articles, each kettledrum-shaped, 1.2 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175295 morphology C56D5146-3333-42CC-BF62-498F8B634BF4 Seeds dark reddish-brown, oblong-reniform, slightly produced at one end of hilum, longest dimension ± 0.8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501272-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Creeping perennial herb ± 50 cm. long, presumably from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Stems pubescent all round when young but later only in two narrow longitudinal lines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets subsessile, somewhat obliquely elliptic, not at all obcordate, 1.6–3 cm. long, 0.8–1.6 cm. wide, very rounded at the apex, obliquely rounded at the base, glabrous or almost so, entire; midrib dividing the leaflet into parts the smaller of which is two-thirds the width of the larger, the latter with 3 radiating basal nerves; petiole 0.7–1.3 cm. long; stipules elliptic, 1–2.1 cm. long, 6–8 mm. wide, bluntly acute at the apex, unequally auriculate at the base, leafy, entire, glabrous, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Inflorescences axillary, sometimes appearing compound on leafless but stipulate branchlets, ± 15-flowered; rhachis 2–3 cm. long; peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm. long; pedicels 3 mm. long; bracts brown, often drying a bright reddish-purple, 0.7–1.4 cm. long, 0.8–1.5 cm. wide, split for about one-quarter to one-half of their length into 2 acute lobes, glabrous, mostly conspicuously ciliate-denticulate; bracteoles lanceolate, 2.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Calyx 8 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Standard orange or yellow, panduriform, apical part of limb broadly rounded, lower part rectangular, 1 cm. long, 8.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000175069 morphology 9559A747-B174-4B4D-A6A9-DF6A78BE8A48 Pods not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498752-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Erect subshrub 1–2 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Stems glabrous or with a very few scattered tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets subsessile, regularly or somewhat obliquely obcordate, 1–2.4 cm. long, 0.8–2.1 cm. wide, the main nerve dividing the blade into unequal or subequal parts, the larger part at the most twice as broad as the narrower part, cuneate, glabrous, entire; venation prominent and reticulate on both surfaces; petiole 4–8 mm. long; stipules elliptic or obovate-oblong, 0.7–2.3 cm. long, 0.5–1.6 cm. wide, rounded or obtuse at the apex, unequally auriculate at the base, leafy, entire, glabrous, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Inflorescences 10–20-flowered; rhachis 2–5 cm. long; peduncle 3–4 mm. long, sparsely pubescent with tubercular-based hairs; pedicels 2 mm. long; bracts 1–1.4 cm. long, 1.1–1.9 cm. wide, green or purplish, split for ± one-third of their length into 2 obtuse or rounded and apiculate entire or sparsely ciliolate-denticulate lobes, glabrous; bracteoles lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Calyx 7 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Standard orange, panduriform, 8–9 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Pods of 1 article, 5 mm. long and wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174853 morphology 8A5FBEB3-99D3-4880-BB61-9F5742804072 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498734-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Erect herb or subshrub 20–40 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Stems tufted, woody, ± densely pubescent with hairs which are not or scarcely bulbous-based, but glabrescent towards the base; rootstock massive, woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets subsessile, obliquely obcordate, 0.7–2.7 cm. long, 0.7–1.8 cm. wide, the main nerve dividing the blade into very unequal parts, the smaller part two-thirds to the same height and one-twelfth to two-thirds the width of the larger part, cuneate, glabrous, entire or sparsely and very finely denticulate sometimes only at the apex; petiole 0.4–2 cm. long; stipules elliptic, obovate or deltoid, 0.9–2.8 cm. long, 0.6–2 cm. wide, obtuse at the apex, unequally auriculate at the base, leafy, entire or finely ciliate-denticulate, glabrous, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Inflorescences 8–15-flowered; rhachis 3–6 cm. long; peduncle 2–7 mm. long, densely hairy; pedicels 3–4 mm. long; bracts yellow-green, 1.1–1.7 cm. long, 1–1.8 cm. wide, split for one-seventh to one-half of their length into 2 obtuse to acuminate, apiculate, entire or denticulate lobes, glabrous; bracteoles lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, entire, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Calyx 7–9 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Standard cream to orange-yellow, panduriform, 0.9–1.1 cm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide; wings pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000174795 morphology A1A44E1D-D41A-4F38-AD71-DCE460184069 Pods of 1 article, semicircular, 5–6.5 mm. long, 4.5–5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498731-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Erect tall willowy shrub presumably several m. in height but exact measurements not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Stems red, sticky and rough with extremely dense aromatic tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Leaves 26–48-foliolate; leaflets shortly petiolulate, linear-oblong or mostly slightly broader at the base, 0.5–1.8 cm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, obtuse and shortly mucronate at the apex, obliquely slightly emarginate at the base, glabrescent or margins slightly ciliolate, the main nerve somewhat eccentric particularly at the base but not dividing the leaf into distinct parts; petiole 0.7–2 cm. long; stipules soon falling, not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Inflorescences, in only specimen seen, apparently axillary, paniculate, 15–20 cm. long, composed of shortly pedunculate strobils, 15–20-flowered, 2–5 cm. long; axes of inflorescence with similar indumentum to the stem; pedicels ± 2 mm. long; bracts greenish-pink, 1–1.2 cm. long, 1.3–1.6 cm. wide, shallowly divided at the apex for scarcely one-fifth of the length into 2 rounded lobes, which are densely margined with glandular tubercular-based hairs, a few of which are also scattered on the surface; bracteoles oblong-elliptic, 3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, with similar hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Calyx 8 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Standard apricot-yellow, oblong-panduriform, 8.5 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Pods of 1 article, compressed, upper margin straight, lower strongly rounded, 6.5 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000175024 morphology 490A2A3F-4541-4ED4-89E7-E2FB315F4D5A Seeds chestnut-brown, compressed reniform, longest dimension 4 mm., shorter dimension 3.5 mm., 2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16244 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:498748-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Woody herb or subshrub, either completely prostrate or more typically erect, 0.1–1.5 m. tall or long, usually much branched. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16245 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Stems glabrescent, glabrous or with pubescence in a narrow longitudinal line alternating in position from internode to internode. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Leaflets elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–3 cm. long, 1.5–7 mm. wide, rounded to acute at both ends, mucronulate, usually rather thick, pubescent or mostly glabrous or with some sparse bristles on the nerves beneath, the nerves sometimes thickened and very prominent beneath towards the margins; free part of petiole and rhachis together 2–10 mm. long; petiolules 0.5–1 mm. long; stipules 0.9–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Inflorescences dense but sometimes quite elongated (in W. Africa); rhachis l–6(–14) cm. long; peduncle 0–3.5 cm. long; primary bracts glabrous to densely pubescent and bristly, 1.2–1.5 cm. long; secondary bracts 5–6 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; bracteoles 1–2, 3–6 mm. long; plumose axis usually present, 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Receptacle 6.5–9 mm. long; calyx-lobes oblong, 3.5–5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Standard dull yellow or orange, usually with a bronze or orange-red mark within near the base, 6–8 mm. long, 5–7 mm. wide; wings yellow, sometimes darker at the base; keel white or yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Pods 4–7 mm. long, 1–2-jointed, the articles 3–5 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, mostly glabrous but sometimes pubescent (in W. Africa); beaks 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176332 morphology 0E2B2CFB-F7D0-498F-A2F9-6A0CC4FEB1B2 Seeds pale brown, oblong or compressed-pyriform, pointed at corner nearest the hilum, shiny, longest dimension 2 mm., shorter dimension 1.5 mm., ± 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519664-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Woody herb or subshrub, sometimes only a short-lived perennial, mostly erect but sometimes prostrate, 0.1–1 m. long or tall; rootstock mostly thick and woody. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Stems pubescent to densely spreading hairy and often with sparse to dense bristles as well, frequently glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Leaflets elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–3.3 cm. long, 1–9 mm. wide, rounded to acute at both ends, usually pubescent and sparsely to rather densely bristly as well, rarely glabrescent; lateral nerves often conspicuously thickened towards the margins; free part of petiole and rhachis together 0.4–1.5 cm. long; petiolules 0.5 mm. long; stipules 0.8–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Inflorescences dense; rhachis 1–1.5(–4) cm. long; peduncle 0–5.5 cm. long; primary bracts 1.2–2 cm. long, sparsely to densely pubescent and bristly; secondary bracts 4–6 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; bracteoles 2, 3.5–5 mm. long; plumose axis usually present, 3–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Receptacle 5–7 mm. long; calyx-lobes oblong, 2.5–3 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Standard creamy-white to orange, with red veins and a red mark near base inside, 5–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide; wings and keel yellow or orange-yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Pods 4–9 mm. long, 1–2-jointed, the articles 3.5–4 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, usually densely pubescent; beaks 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Seeds chestnut, compressed-ellipsoid, beaked or pointed near the hilum, shiny, longest dimension 2.5–3 mm., shorter dimension 2–2.5 mm., 1–1.2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000176343 morphology DDEEFA62-5D29-432D-AEE9-F732EF5D42AF Fig. 62. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:519669-1 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Annual erect or straggling herb ± 30 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Stems at first pilose, later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Leaves 4-foliolate; leaflets obovate or elliptic, 1–7 cm. long, 0.7–3.2 cm. wide, rounded or emarginate and mucronate at the apex, narrowly rounded to the base, glabrous, or sparsely pilose beneath, ciliate; free part of petiole 1.5–7 cm. long; petiolules 1–2 mm. long; stipules 1.5– 4 cm. long; free part linear-lanceolate, very acute, 0.6–3.2 cm. long, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Flowers axillary, apparently solitary and stalked; primary bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.4 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, biapiculate; secondary bracts similar but bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Receptacle 0.2–4 cm. long, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Corolla yellow, mostly with red nerves, 0.7–1.3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Stamens 8–9. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Pods 2–6 cm. long, 1–1.5 cm. wide, the gynophore becoming 1–20 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Seeds irregularly ovoid, 1–2 cm. long and ± two-thirds the length in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000174378 morphology C6404FE7-1111-40BC-855B-86B8CAE92E01 Fig. 63, p. 441. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318562-2 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Perennial very variable herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Stems erect or decumbent, up to 4.5 dm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets of upper leaves ovate-lanceolate, up to 25 × 10 mm., apiculate, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, conspicuously and evenly glandular-punctate beneath; those of lower leaves smaller, ovate or suborbicular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Stipules narrowly lanceolate, up to 15 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Bracts ovate, acute, longer than the internodes, beset with punctate glands, glabrous or shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Flowers as long as or slightly shorter than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Calyx ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Petals yellow, sometimes with red veins; standard up to 8 mm. long, but often less. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176507 morphology 49773DDA-FE33-4C84-9424-D619410375CC Legume up to 16 mm. long and 6-seeded, but more usually 4-seeded; segments 3 × 2.5 mm.; bristles stiff, 1.5 mm. long, glochidiate and retrorsely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525983-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Perennial herb, with a thickened often creeping perennating root. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Stems numerous, erect at first, ultimately decumbent, up to 3.5 dm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets of upper leaves obliquely linear-elliptic, up to 27 × 5 mm., acute or shortly apiculate, glabrous or sparsely pubescent, glandular-punctate, especially near the margin, beneath; those of lower leaves similar. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Stipules narrowly lanceolate, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute, often shorter than the internodes, sparsely beset with glands, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Flowers longer than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Calyx ± 4.0 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Petals yellow with red veins; standard often orange-red outside, up to 10 mm. long, but often less. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176655 morphology 540C9BCB-E9AF-4683-8244-81B0A1646064 Legume up to 17 mm. long and 7-seeded, but more usually 5–6-seeded; segments 2.5 × 2 mm.; bristles beset with short spreading hairs, rarely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526068-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Perennial herb. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Stems prostrate, up to 4.5 dm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets obliquely linear-elliptic, the largest occurring about the middle of the stem, up to 50 × 8 mm., acute or shortly apiculate, glabrous, glandular-punctate beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Stipules lanceolate, up to 20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Bracts ovate, acute, longer than the internodes, beset with punctate glands, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Flowers nearly as long as the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Calyx ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Petals yellow; standard up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176529 morphology DB101100-5C5A-422C-93A0-2AF5AD3A9860 Legume up to 13 mm. long and 6-seeded; segments 2 × 2.5 mm., without bristles, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525992-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Perennial herb with wiry roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Stems decumbent, up to 6 dm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000029387 morphology 57EA01A7-BF44-435F-B9F2-6672E41E3F6E Fig. 49/1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258094-1 wfo-0000035211 morphology 6D8C6F24-D1EA-4E86-9F65-2244B865E36F Annual herb 15–100 cm tall, erect, much-branched; stems scabridulous or minutely pubescent with incipiently asymmetric T-shaped hairs or simple hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259116-1 wfo-0000035211 morphology 6D8C6F24-D1EA-4E86-9F65-2244B865E36F Leaves sessile, narrowly oblanceolate or linear, 1–11 cm long, 0.1–0.6 cm wide, base attenuate, apex obtuse, apiculate, finely shortly ascending-pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259116-1 wfo-0000035211 morphology 6D8C6F24-D1EA-4E86-9F65-2244B865E36F Capitula in lax terminal somewhat scorpioid compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent; involucre ovoid, 6–10 mm long; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, lanceolate, 2–9 mm long, acute to obtuse, apiculate, finely ascending-pubescent, the outer with darker midrib towards the apex, all or at least the inner often purple-tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259116-1 wfo-0000035211 morphology 6D8C6F24-D1EA-4E86-9F65-2244B865E36F Corolla purple, mauve or blue, 6–8 mm long, lobes 2–3 mm long, glabrous, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259116-1 wfo-0000035211 morphology 6D8C6F24-D1EA-4E86-9F65-2244B865E36F Achenes 1.8–3.2 mm long, 5–7-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of conspicuous shiny oblong-lanceolate laciniate scales 0.4–0.8 mm long, inner pappus rather scant, tawny or stramineous, 4.5–6.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259116-1 wfo-0000060166 morphology 842F986A-3A27-44BC-9BE2-E7A78707FD17 Annual or perennial herb 30–90 cm tall; stems well-branched, spreading-pubescent with simple hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259228-1 wfo-0000060166 morphology 842F986A-3A27-44BC-9BE2-E7A78707FD17 Leaves rather crowded on short shoots, sessile, linear, 0.8–4 cm long, 0.08–0.25 cm wide, apex obtuse, sparsely finely ascending-pubescent, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259228-1 wfo-0000060166 morphology 842F986A-3A27-44BC-9BE2-E7A78707FD17 Capitula in terminal few-headed corymbiform cymes; involucre 7–10 mm long; phyllaries 4–5-seriate, lanceolate or ovate, 2–8 mm long, acute to obtuse, apiculate, finely pubescent, outer and median slightly keeled in upper part and often with minute filiform tip, darker centrally in upper part except for keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259228-1 wfo-0000060166 morphology 842F986A-3A27-44BC-9BE2-E7A78707FD17 Corolla purple, mauve or pink, 5.5 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259228-1 wfo-0000060166 morphology 842F986A-3A27-44BC-9BE2-E7A78707FD17 Achenes 3.2 mm long, 5–6-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of conspicuous lanceolate scales, 0.7–1 mm long, inner pappus stramineous or tawny, 5–5.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259228-1 wfo-0000134618 morphology 71D41FBF-3A93-4D94-A39D-ABD6440B90A9 Slender, little-branched erect annual herb 30–110 cm tall; stems finely pubescent with short T-shaped and asymmetrically T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257792-1 wfo-0000134618 morphology 71D41FBF-3A93-4D94-A39D-ABD6440B90A9 Leaves sessile, elliptic or ovate, 4–15 cm long, 1–6 cm wide, cuneate-attenuate or attenuate into petioloid base, sinuate-serrate, acuminate or obtuse and apiculate, thinly finely pubescent and sometimes scabridulous, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257792-1 wfo-0000134618 morphology 71D41FBF-3A93-4D94-A39D-ABD6440B90A9 Capitula in lax few-headed terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula shortly finely pubescent; involucre urceolate, 10–19 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 5–15 mm long, acute, pale green with darker apices, margins pallid, finely shortly ascending-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257792-1 wfo-0000134618 morphology 71D41FBF-3A93-4D94-A39D-ABD6440B90A9 Corolla blue-purple, mauve or white, 6–11 mm long, lobes 2–3 mm long, glabrous or with a few minute hairs near apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257792-1 wfo-0000134618 morphology 71D41FBF-3A93-4D94-A39D-ABD6440B90A9 Achenes 3.5–3.7 mm long, 7-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow laciniate scales, 0.2–0.7 mm long, inner pappus pure white, 5–6.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257792-1 wfo-0000017828 morphology 6A367991-6A45-4F43-9FD6-A5C2939E732F Annual herb 20–90 cm tall; stems erect, finely ascending-pubescent with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259051-1 wfo-0000017828 morphology 6A367991-6A45-4F43-9FD6-A5C2939E732F Leaves crowded, sessile, linear, 1–5 cm long, 0.1–0.25 cm wide, obtuse, apiculate, finely ascending-pubescent, glandular with dense sunken glands, slightly aromatic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259051-1 wfo-0000017828 morphology 6A367991-6A45-4F43-9FD6-A5C2939E732F Capitula solitary to several in lax terminal compound corymbiform cymes, often overtopped by leafy side shoots, globose-conical; stalks of individual capitula shortly ascending-pubescent; involucre ovoid or ovoid-globose, 12–16 mm long; phyllaries 4–7-seriate, closely imbricate, lanceolate or ovate, 3–14 mm long, acute to apiculate, finely pubescent, green with purple or brownish apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259051-1 wfo-0000017828 morphology 6A367991-6A45-4F43-9FD6-A5C2939E732F Corolla purple or mauve, 7–11 mm long, lobes 1–3 mm long, glabrous or with a few slender hairs but without stiff apical hairs, with kidney-shaped glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259051-1 wfo-0000017828 morphology 6A367991-6A45-4F43-9FD6-A5C2939E732F Achenes 5–8-ribbed, 4.5–6.5 mm long, ascending-pubescent especially on ribs; outer pappus of lanceolate scales 0.5–1 mm long, inner pappus tawny, 5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259051-1 wfo-0000096398 morphology 815578A8-DE4B-4DE2-8500-4FFAE6F6134C Scapigerous perennial herb with woody rootstock; scapes 6–30 cm tall, distally slightly thickened, hairy with long simple hairs, densely so in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258938-1 wfo-0000096398 morphology 815578A8-DE4B-4DE2-8500-4FFAE6F6134C Leaves rather numerous, basal, oblanceolate, 2–8 cm long, 0.4–1.6 cm wide, attenuate at base, entire or nearly so, obtuse to rounded, laxly ascending-pubescent with long simple hairs, somewhat glabrescent; leaves on scape 0–2, narrow, bract-like. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258938-1 wfo-0000096398 morphology 815578A8-DE4B-4DE2-8500-4FFAE6F6134C Capitula terminal, solitary or paired; involucre 12–20 mm long; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, subequal, lanceolate, 5–18 mm long, acuminate, thinly ascending-pubescent, the outer green, the inner purple on margins and at tips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258938-1 wfo-0000096398 morphology 815578A8-DE4B-4DE2-8500-4FFAE6F6134C Corolla violet, blue or purple, 11–17 mm long, lobes 3.5–5 mm long, glabrous or with a few stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258938-1 wfo-0000096398 morphology 815578A8-DE4B-4DE2-8500-4FFAE6F6134C Achenes 5–7-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales 1.2–1.8 mm long, inner pappus 8–10.5 mm long, stramineous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258938-1 wfo-0000016611 morphology 2E48C8AF-03D1-4271-ACDB-43EFEDD4B53E Perennial herb to 1.2 m high, from a large woody rootstock; root-crown brown-lanate; stems annual, 1–many, erect, tomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259578-1 wfo-0000016611 morphology 2E48C8AF-03D1-4271-ACDB-43EFEDD4B53E Leaves ovate or elliptic, 3–13 cm long, 2–9 cm wide, base cuneate to rounded, margin subentire to repand, apex subacute to rounded, sparsely tomentose and glabrescent and glandular above, tomentellous beneath; petiole 2–12 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259578-1 wfo-0000016611 morphology 2E48C8AF-03D1-4271-ACDB-43EFEDD4B53E Capitula many in terminal sub-corymbose panicles; stalks of individual capitula to 15 mm long, tomentellous; involucre obconic to almost flat, 6–10 mm long; phyllaries tightly imbricate, ovate to elliptic, 2–6 mm long, acute, grey-tomentellous where exposed, distal margins sometimes with reddish tinge. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259578-1 wfo-0000016611 morphology 2E48C8AF-03D1-4271-ACDB-43EFEDD4B53E Corolla purple, mauve or cream, 6–9 mm long including 2–3 mm long lobes, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259578-1 wfo-0000016611 morphology 2E48C8AF-03D1-4271-ACDB-43EFEDD4B53E Achenes slightly obconic to turbinate, 2–4 mm long, somewhat 3–4-angular, densely pubescent with long silky hairs; pappus white, outer of flattened setae 1–4 mm long, inner of flattened setae 6–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259578-1 wfo-0000111461 morphology 9E5B982C-952A-480A-A59F-DB49F45DD184 Annual (?) or perennial herb with fleshy roots and several stems 20–100 cm tall; stems with long spreading and shorter ascending simple hairs, rough to the touch. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258894-1 wfo-0000111461 morphology 9E5B982C-952A-480A-A59F-DB49F45DD184 Leaves sessile, elliptic, oblong or narrowly oblanceolate, 5–13.5 cm long, 0.8–2.2 cm wide, rounded to cuneate-attenuate at the base, remotely serrulate with apiculate teeth, obtuse to acute, hispid at margins, sparsely scabridulous-pubescent and ± glabrescent above, scabridulous-pubescent on veins and more finely pubescent between veins beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258894-1 wfo-0000111461 morphology 9E5B982C-952A-480A-A59F-DB49F45DD184 Capitula few in terminal subscorpioid corymbiform cymes; involucre broadly campanulate-cylindrical, 14–22 mm long; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, lanceolate, 8–15 mm long, acute to pungent with stiffly spreading-ascending tips, pale green tipped purplish, ± densely ascending-sericeous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258894-1 wfo-0000111461 morphology 9E5B982C-952A-480A-A59F-DB49F45DD184 Corolla purple, pale mauve, lavender or almost white, 8.2–11 mm long, lobes 1.7–3 mm long, stiffly ascending-hairy at least towards the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258894-1 wfo-0000111461 morphology 9E5B982C-952A-480A-A59F-DB49F45DD184 Achenes (immature) 5-ribbed, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of lanceolate scales 2–3.5 mm long, inner pappus white, 9–10.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258894-1 wfo-0000137021 morphology EF7AB43D-0A60-407D-BE3D-3CA358FAF18F Perennial herb with 1–several erect stems 0.3–1.8 m high, arising from a slender creeping rootstock; stems rather densely leafy, densely pubescent with long ascending simple hairs or coarse spreading and shorter ascending or crispate simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258918-1 wfo-0000137021 morphology EF7AB43D-0A60-407D-BE3D-3CA358FAF18F Leaves rather crowded, sessile, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 2.5–12.5 cm long, 0.6–4.3 cm wide, base cuneate, rounded or cordate, apex obtuse to subacute, green and finely scabridulous-pubescent to somewhat silvery-sericeous above, crispate-pubescent and ± silvery-sericeous to densely white-tomentose beneath; upper leaves becoming much smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258918-1 wfo-0000137021 morphology EF7AB43D-0A60-407D-BE3D-3CA358FAF18F Capitula in rather copious terminal compound scorpioid corymbiform cymes; involucre ovoid, 8–14 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, lanceolate, 4–10 mm long, acute, densely silvery ascending-sericeous or yellow-brown-tomentose, with darker apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258918-1 wfo-0000137021 morphology EF7AB43D-0A60-407D-BE3D-3CA358FAF18F Corolla bright mauve, violet or purple, 6–7.5 mm long, lobes 1.5–2.2 mm long, shortly ascending-hairy in upper part, with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258918-1 wfo-0000137021 morphology EF7AB43D-0A60-407D-BE3D-3CA358FAF18F Achenes 2.1–3 mm long, 4–5-angled, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of narrow scales 1–1.8 mm long, inner pappus 5.5–7.5 mm long, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258918-1 wfo-0000071300 morphology 0B685186-A404-4424-BDB6-9ADC73CA0DE1 Herb with perennial woody rhizome and annual, densely tufted, erect to somewhat decumbent stems 15–50 cm tall; stems finely pubescent with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259337-1 wfo-0000071300 morphology 0B685186-A404-4424-BDB6-9ADC73CA0DE1 Leaves sessile, ovate, 1–2.5 cm long, 0.4–1.6 cm wide, base ± cordate and semi-amplexicaul, apex acute or obtuse and apiculate, densely finely ascending-pubescent and with scabridulous slightly revolute margins, densely glandular on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259337-1 wfo-0000071300 morphology 0B685186-A404-4424-BDB6-9ADC73CA0DE1 Capitula in small terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent; involucre 5–9 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate or oblong, 3–7 mm long, obtuse to acute, the outer densely pubescent, median and inner less densely so, the inner deeply purple-tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259337-1 wfo-0000071300 morphology 0B685186-A404-4424-BDB6-9ADC73CA0DE1 Corolla purple or mauve, 5–6(–7) mm long, lobes 1.5–2(–3) mm long, with short stiff hairs along their lengths. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259337-1 wfo-0000071300 morphology 0B685186-A404-4424-BDB6-9ADC73CA0DE1 Achenes 1.8–2.6 mm long, ascending-pubescent, obscurely ribbed; outer pappus of narrowly lanceolate scales, 1–1.6 mm long, inner pappus 4.5–5.5(–7) mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259337-1 wfo-0000046385 morphology B98CBF23-D005-4961-8306-F008A1998B82 Somewhat woody herb or subshrub 10–100 cm tall, erect or semi-erect; stems densely branched, tomentose with long simple spreading or ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934998-1 wfo-0000046385 morphology B98CBF23-D005-4961-8306-F008A1998B82 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate or elliptic, 2.5–11 cm long, 0.8–5 cm wide, the lower cuneate-attenuate or attenuate at the base, at least the upper attenuate towards a slightly expanded and semi-amplexicaul base, all ± obscurely crenate-serrate or apiculate-serrate, rounded to subacute, thinly to densely ascending-pubescent above, thinly ascending-pubescent to densely tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934998-1 wfo-0000046385 morphology B98CBF23-D005-4961-8306-F008A1998B82 Capitula in lax few-headed terminal scorpioid compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-tomentose, bracteolate in upper part; involucre cylindrical, 5–8 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 3–9.5 mm long, attenuate, acute, rarely truncate-apiculate, tips often recurving in the outer ones, subequal, ascending-sericeous, especially the inner purple-tinged at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934998-1 wfo-0000046385 morphology B98CBF23-D005-4961-8306-F008A1998B82 Corolla purple, violet or reddish purple, 4.5–8.5 mm long, lobes 1–2 mm long, with short stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934998-1 wfo-0000046385 morphology B98CBF23-D005-4961-8306-F008A1998B82 Achenes 1.7–2.7 mm long, 4–5(–6)-angled, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of lanceolate laciniate scales, 0.2–1 mm long, inner pappus white, 3–5.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934998-1 wfo-0000118241 morphology 9F19EE0B-A390-4255-8CD7-891F433724EA Perennial herb 15–45 cm tall; stems several from a tough root, decumbent then ascending, to 45 cm long, sparsely ascending-pubescent with simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934999-1 wfo-0000118241 morphology 9F19EE0B-A390-4255-8CD7-891F433724EA Leaves rather crowded, sessile, oblong or oblanceolate to linear, 1–4.5 cm long, 0.1–0.7 cm wide, base attenuate, apex obtuse, apiculate, thinly pubescent, ± glabrescent above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934999-1 wfo-0000118241 morphology 9F19EE0B-A390-4255-8CD7-891F433724EA Capitula in small lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent, bracteolate in upper part; involucre hemispherical, 5–7 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 2–6 mm long, acute to obtuse, thinly ascending-sericeous, purplish on midrib towards the apex and on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934999-1 wfo-0000118241 morphology 9F19EE0B-A390-4255-8CD7-891F433724EA Corolla purple or mauve, 4.7–6 mm long, lobes 1.7–2.3 mm long, with stiff apical or subapical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934999-1 wfo-0000118241 morphology 9F19EE0B-A390-4255-8CD7-891F433724EA Achenes 1.7–2.2 mm long, 4–6-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of oblong or ovate to lanceolate laciniate scales 0.5–0.7 mm long, inner pappus 3–4 mm long, pinkish turning white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:934999-1 wfo-0000114443 morphology 05C53949-C0D4-4298-825E-4B7ECDD44AB0 Subscapose herb 25–90 cm tall, from a woody rootstock; stems pubescent, with ascending and longer spreading simple grey hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259650-1 wfo-0000114443 morphology 05C53949-C0D4-4298-825E-4B7ECDD44AB0 Basal leaves sessile, oblanceolate, 5–10.5 cm long, 0.6–2 cm wide, base long-attenuate, margins serrulate, apex rounded to obtuse, apiculate, sparsely pubescent, glabrescent; upper smaller, sessile, oblong or narrowly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259650-1 wfo-0000114443 morphology 05C53949-C0D4-4298-825E-4B7ECDD44AB0 Capitula solitary or in small corymbiform cymes; involucre brown with white hairs, 10–18 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, erect or somewhat recurving, lanceolate, attenuate, deep purple-brown with small white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259650-1 wfo-0000114443 morphology 05C53949-C0D4-4298-825E-4B7ECDD44AB0 Corolla deep purple-red, purple or bluish purple, 9.5–11.5 mm long, lobes 2.5–3 mm long, shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259650-1 wfo-0000114443 morphology 05C53949-C0D4-4298-825E-4B7ECDD44AB0 Achenes 2.2–2.3 mm long, 4–5-ribbed, densely ascending-pubescent, sometimes slightly rugose; outer pappus of silvery-purple lanceolate scales 1.5–2.2 mm long, inner pappus rather scant, 6.2–9 mm long, purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259650-1 wfo-0000114443 morphology 05C53949-C0D4-4298-825E-4B7ECDD44AB0 Fig. 50/7, p. 262. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259650-1 wfo-0000136028 morphology 6D7B3488-D670-4C1B-B461-70654D63140F Perennial ± subscapose herb 30–120 cm tall, with a single or several stems from a vertical or creeping tuberous rootstock; stems erect, purple-tinged near the base, with fine appressed-ascending and sometimes also coarser spreading simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259580-1 wfo-0000136028 morphology 6D7B3488-D670-4C1B-B461-70654D63140F Basal rosette leaves oblanceolate to elliptic, 4–15 cm long, 0.7–3.4 cm wide, base attenuate, margins remotely apiculate-serrulate, minutely denticulate or subentire, apex rounded, obtuse or apiculate, thinly coarsely pubescent to almost glabrous; upper leaves smaller, oblong to lanceolate, base cuneate, becoming smaller higher up the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259580-1 wfo-0000136028 morphology 6D7B3488-D670-4C1B-B461-70654D63140F Capitula ovoid or ± cylindrical, in rather congested to lax terminal compound scorpioid corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula ascending-pubescent or densely ascending-sericeous with long hairs; involucre 10–17 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 5–12 mm long, acute to attenuate, densely ascending-sericeous or pubescent with long ascending silky hairs, green with usually purple apices and upper margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259580-1 wfo-0000136028 morphology 6D7B3488-D670-4C1B-B461-70654D63140F Corolla purple, reddish purple or mauve, 5.5–10 mm long, lobes 1.7–3 mm long, with stiff apical and often also thinner subapical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259580-1 wfo-0000136028 morphology 6D7B3488-D670-4C1B-B461-70654D63140F Achenes (immature) 1.5–2.2 mm long, 4–5-ribbed, ascending-pubescent, especially on ribs towards the base, often rugose; outer pappus of lanceolate scales 1.3–2.5 mm long, inner pappus rather scant, whitish to tawny, 3.5–9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259580-1 wfo-0000136028 morphology 6D7B3488-D670-4C1B-B461-70654D63140F Fig. 50/1–5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259580-1 wfo-0000090857 morphology 953CFB43-8FD6-471B-A9FD-DB205B2C284A Annual or perennial ± subscapose herb 40–90 cm tall; stems finely ascending-pubescent, sometimes also with spreading-crispate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259649-1 wfo-0000090857 morphology 953CFB43-8FD6-471B-A9FD-DB205B2C284A Leaves mostly on the lower part of the plant, sessile, oblanceolate to oblong, 3–12 cm long, 0.3–2.8 cm wide, base cuneate to attenuate, margins remotely minutely apiculate-serrate, apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate, thinly shortly pubescent, ± glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259649-1 wfo-0000090857 morphology 953CFB43-8FD6-471B-A9FD-DB205B2C284A Capitula in lax somewhat scorpioid terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent; involucre 7–9 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 2–8.5 mm long, acute, ascending-pubescent, purplish in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259649-1 wfo-0000090857 morphology 953CFB43-8FD6-471B-A9FD-DB205B2C284A Corolla purple, 5.5–10 mm long, lobes 1.5–3 mm long, with stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259649-1 wfo-0000090857 morphology 953CFB43-8FD6-471B-A9FD-DB205B2C284A Achenes 1.7–2.8 mm long, 4–5-angled, ascending-pubescent at least on the angles; outer pappus of lanceolate scales, 1–2 mm long, inner pappus 4.5–6.5 mm long, rather scant, violet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259649-1 wfo-0000089418 morphology 9B0C22C1-5E30-481C-8694-A270FE6574D7 Annual herb 10–90 cm tall; stems erect, branched, with shorter finer appressed-ascending hairs and longer, coarser ± spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258854-1 wfo-0000089418 morphology 9B0C22C1-5E30-481C-8694-A270FE6574D7 Leaves sessile, lower oblanceolate or elliptic, 3–10 cm long, 0.5–2.6 cm wide, base attenuate, margins minutely serrate, apex obtuse to rounded, apiculate, rather thinly finely to coarsely pubescent, glandular; upper leaves usually rather smaller than the lower, with cuneate, rounded or subcordate base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258854-1 wfo-0000089418 morphology 9B0C22C1-5E30-481C-8694-A270FE6574D7 Capitula in lax terminal scorpioid corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula strongly ascending-pubescent; involucre ovoid, 7–10 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate or oblong, 2–8 mm long, acute or acuminate, erect or spreading, purple-tinged at the apex, pubescent with ascending or ± spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258854-1 wfo-0000089418 morphology 9B0C22C1-5E30-481C-8694-A270FE6574D7 Corolla purple or pale lilac, 5–8.2 mm long, lobes 1.2–2.7 mm long, shortly stiffly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258854-1 wfo-0000089418 morphology 9B0C22C1-5E30-481C-8694-A270FE6574D7 Achenes 1.3–2.5 mm long, 4–6-ribbed, rugose, ascending-pubescent; outer pappus of conspicuous silvery lanceolate to oblong laciniate scales 0.2–1.5 mm long, inner pappus very scant, of 5–10 off-white, stramineous, tawny or purple bristles 3–6.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258854-1 wfo-0000035994 morphology BA64D31E-17ED-4CE5-BE60-37E66E5C2BEE Annual or possibly biennial herb 40–50 cm tall; stems ascending-pubescent, also with scattered coarser hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935000-1 wfo-0000035994 morphology BA64D31E-17ED-4CE5-BE60-37E66E5C2BEE Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 2–6.5 cm long, 0.2–0.6 cm wide, base attenuate, margins minutely apiculate-denticulate, apex obtuse, coarsely scattered-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935000-1 wfo-0000035994 morphology BA64D31E-17ED-4CE5-BE60-37E66E5C2BEE Capitula in lax corymbiform cymes; involucre 6–9 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, 3–6 mm long, attenuate, almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935000-1 wfo-0000035994 morphology BA64D31E-17ED-4CE5-BE60-37E66E5C2BEE Corolla mauve or violet, 5–6.5 mm long, glandular, lobes ± 2 mm long, shortly stiffly hairy at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935000-1 wfo-0000035994 morphology BA64D31E-17ED-4CE5-BE60-37E66E5C2BEE Achenes 1.2–1.5 mm long; outer pappus of conspicuous scales 0.6–0.8 mm long, inner 3.5–4 mm long, purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935000-1 wfo-0000032838 morphology D24105BB-36FF-4D88-9565-5DF8C36EE551 Annual or rarely perennial herb 5–120 cm tall; stems with shorter ascending and longer spreading simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257753-1 wfo-0000032838 morphology D24105BB-36FF-4D88-9565-5DF8C36EE551 Leaves sessile; lower oblanceolate or rarely elliptic, 1.5–12 cm long, 0.4–4 cm wide, base attenuate to cuneate, margins remotely sinuate-serrulate to subentire, apex obtuse, rounded or slightly emarginate, apiculate, thinly ascending-pubescent, glandular; upper leaves more oblong or broadly lanceolate, smaller, rounded and semi-amplexicaul at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257753-1 wfo-0000032838 morphology D24105BB-36FF-4D88-9565-5DF8C36EE551 Capitula urn-shaped, in lax somewhat scorpioid compound corymbiform cymes, the younger capitula overtopping the older ones; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent with brownish hairs, also often with some spreading hairs; involucre 6–9 mm long; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, the outer sometimes slightly recurving, 3–7.5 mm long, acute or attenuate, ascending-pubescent, green, purplish at the apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257753-1 wfo-0000032838 morphology D24105BB-36FF-4D88-9565-5DF8C36EE551 Corolla purple, lilac or bright magenta, 4.5–8.5 mm long, lobes 1.5–3 mm long, with short stiff apical and subapical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257753-1 wfo-0000032838 morphology D24105BB-36FF-4D88-9565-5DF8C36EE551 Achenes 1.3–2.5 mm long, 4–5-angled, rugose especially in lower half, shortly sparsely ascending-hairy; outer pappus of conspicuous lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate scales 0.5–1.5 mm long, inner pappus of about 20 bristles 3.2–5 mm long, white, off-white, stramineous or tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257753-1 wfo-0000075518 morphology B513EB7C-01D8-4251-9BBD-5675A3B226F0 Annual herb 15–120 cm tall; stems pubescent with ascending to spreading simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935001-1 wfo-0000075518 morphology B513EB7C-01D8-4251-9BBD-5675A3B226F0 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 6–10 cm long, 2.2–4 cm wide, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, remotely obscurely apiculate-serrulate, apex obtuse and apiculate, thinly pubescent with long fine hairs, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935001-1 wfo-0000075518 morphology B513EB7C-01D8-4251-9BBD-5675A3B226F0 Capitula in compound markedly scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent; involucre campanulate or ovoid, 5–7 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 3–6 mm long, acute or attenuate, pale green with purplish-tipped recurving apices, spreading-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935001-1 wfo-0000075518 morphology B513EB7C-01D8-4251-9BBD-5675A3B226F0 Corolla purple or dark mauve, 6.2–8.5 mm long, lobes 2–2.5 mm long, with stiff apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935001-1 wfo-0000075518 morphology B513EB7C-01D8-4251-9BBD-5675A3B226F0 Achenes (immature) 1.7–2.2 mm long, 4-angled, shortly ascending-pubescent on angles, rugose; outer pappus of lanceolate silvery scales 0.5–1 mm long, inner pappus white to slightly tawny, 4–5.5 mm long, rather copious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935001-1 wfo-0000115606 morphology C3A05784-7A61-4CB1-9565-464BF8E3E15E Annual herb 3–15(–30) cm tall, erect; stems pubescent with long spreading crispate simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257785-1 wfo-0000115606 morphology C3A05784-7A61-4CB1-9565-464BF8E3E15E Leaves rather crowded, sessile, oblanceolate, 1.9–9.5 cm long, 0.4–1.8 cm wide, base attenuate, apex obtuse and apiculate, laxly scabridulous-pubescent with long hairs, glandular-punctate beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257785-1 wfo-0000115606 morphology C3A05784-7A61-4CB1-9565-464BF8E3E15E Capitula terminal or axillary, solitary or few together; stalks of individual capitula densely long-pubescent; involucre 10–15 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 5–11 mm long, acute to attenuate, densely ascending-sericeous with long hairs, darker at the apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257785-1 wfo-0000115606 morphology C3A05784-7A61-4CB1-9565-464BF8E3E15E Corolla violet to white, 6–7.5 mm long, lobes 1.5–2 mm long, with a few stiff hairs below the apex, with capitate glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257785-1 wfo-0000115606 morphology C3A05784-7A61-4CB1-9565-464BF8E3E15E Achenes 2–2.8 mm long, 4–6-angled, ascending-pubescent on the angles, subglabrous on the faces; outer pappus of oblong or lanceolate scales, 0.7–1 mm long, inner pappus 6–7.5 mm long, tawny. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257785-1 wfo-0000092367 morphology 91DFB6BB-768D-4836-A81D-D0FC66FB53B9 Annual herb 15–90 cm tall, erect or semi-procumbent; stems pubescent with short appressed-ascending and sometimes also with longer spreading simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935002-1 wfo-0000092367 morphology 91DFB6BB-768D-4836-A81D-D0FC66FB53B9 Leaves sessile, narrowly oblong-lanceolate, oblanceolate or elliptic, 1.5–6.5 cm long, 0.3–1.6 cm wide, base cuneate, margins subentire to obscurely few-denticulate in upper part or remotely apiculate-serrulate, apex obtuse to rounded and apiculate, shortly pubescent above and beneath becoming scabridulous above, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935002-1 wfo-0000092367 morphology 91DFB6BB-768D-4836-A81D-D0FC66FB53B9 Capitula in lax few-headed often long-pedunculate terminal corymbiform scorpioid cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely ascending-pubescent; involucre hemispherical, 7–11 mm long; phyllaries 4-seriate, lanceolate, 3–9 mm long, acute to subobtuse, densely ascending-sericeous, erect or ± recurving at least at the apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935002-1 wfo-0000092367 morphology 91DFB6BB-768D-4836-A81D-D0FC66FB53B9 Corolla white in Uganda, mauve or purple in Tanzania, 5–8 mm long, lobes 2–2.5 mm long, stiffly hairy in upper part or at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935002-1 wfo-0000092367 morphology 91DFB6BB-768D-4836-A81D-D0FC66FB53B9 Achenes 1.5–2.3 mm long, 4-angled, ascending-pubescent at least on the angles; outer pappus of conspicuous broadly lanceolate or broadly oblong scales 0.6–1.2 mm long, inner pappus 3.5–5 mm long, white, tawny or purplish in upper part. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935002-1 wfo-0000075522 morphology B3240C5B-DB36-4C1C-A260-294D1F321C16 Annual herb 20–80 cm tall, erect with spreading branches; stems pubescent with ascending and coarse spreading simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259055-1 wfo-0000075522 morphology B3240C5B-DB36-4C1C-A260-294D1F321C16 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate-oblong to narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 3–10.5 cm long, 0.4–2.2 cm wide, base cuneate-attenuate, remotely apiculate-serrulate, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, coarsely scattered-pubescent above, more finely so especially on veins beneath, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259055-1 wfo-0000075522 morphology B3240C5B-DB36-4C1C-A260-294D1F321C16 Capitula 2–several in lax scorpioid cymes; involucre globose, 5–10 mm long; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, lanceolate, 4–8.5 mm long, attenuate to acute, pale green with reflexed purplish tips, densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259055-1 wfo-0000075522 morphology B3240C5B-DB36-4C1C-A260-294D1F321C16 Corolla reddish purple or pinkish purple, 5–6.5 mm long, lobes 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259055-1 wfo-0000075522 morphology B3240C5B-DB36-4C1C-A260-294D1F321C16 Achenes 2–2.2 mm long, 4–5-angled, rugose, ascending-pubescent on the angles; outer pappus 0.5–1 mm long, inner pappus 4–5 mm long, stramineous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259055-1 wfo-0000043770 morphology FACBC3EF-C9D0-4C08-AB4E-4915B5F42123 Erect annual herb 40–90 cm tall; stems with slender ascending simple hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257736-1 wfo-0000043770 morphology FACBC3EF-C9D0-4C08-AB4E-4915B5F42123 Leaves sessile, oblanceolate, 3–7 cm long, 1–2.1 cm wide, base obtuse, entire or with a few obscure teeth, apex acute or obtuse and apiculate, ascending-strigose with long fine hairs, becoming hispid above with age. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257736-1 wfo-0000043770 morphology FACBC3EF-C9D0-4C08-AB4E-4915B5F42123 Capitula in lax subscorpioid cymes; involucre 10–12 mm long; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, lanceolate, 3–10 mm long, acute, ascending-strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257736-1 wfo-0000043770 morphology FACBC3EF-C9D0-4C08-AB4E-4915B5F42123 Corolla pale mauve, 8.3 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long, with short stiff hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257736-1 wfo-0000043770 morphology FACBC3EF-C9D0-4C08-AB4E-4915B5F42123 Achenes 2.5 mm long, 5-angled, shortly ascending-pubescent; outer pappus 0.5 mm long, of lanceolate laciniate scales, inner pappus 5.5 mm long, stramineous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:257736-1 wfo-0000038871 morphology 7BD4BFF2-8059-4956-AAE2-E13CD87454A2 Annual herb ± 30 cm tall; stems erect, with rather sparse ascending and spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935003-1 wfo-0000038871 morphology 7BD4BFF2-8059-4956-AAE2-E13CD87454A2 Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 1–5 cm long, 0.2–0.5 cm wide, base attenuate, remotely apiculate-denticulate, apex obtuse, thinly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935003-1 wfo-0000038871 morphology 7BD4BFF2-8059-4956-AAE2-E13CD87454A2 Capitula in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender, ascending-pubescent; involucre ovoid, 4–5 mm long; phyllaries 2–3-seriate, lanceolate, 3–4.7 mm long, acute to attenuate, pale green, purple-tipped, spreading-pubescent especially on margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935003-1 wfo-0000038871 morphology 7BD4BFF2-8059-4956-AAE2-E13CD87454A2 Corolla lilac, 4 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long, with stiff subapical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935003-1 wfo-0000038871 morphology 7BD4BFF2-8059-4956-AAE2-E13CD87454A2 Achenes 1.2 mm long, 3–4-angled, shortly ascending-pubescent especially on the angles; outer pappus of about 5 broad black scales, 0.3 mm long, inner pappus of 5 black setae, 3.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:935003-1 wfo-0000017427 morphology 56D23079-B245-41F6-96AF-0520EF6ADB1B Herb to 30 cm with one or more annual stems from a perennial woody rootstock, with thong-like roots; root-crown lanate; stem simple or nearly so, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258545-1 wfo-0000017427 morphology 56D23079-B245-41F6-96AF-0520EF6ADB1B Leaves mostly basal, obovate to narrowly oblanceolate, to 8 cm long and 1 cm wide, base tapering but widening near stem, margins entire or slightly crispate, rounded to obtuse, puberulous but glabrescent above, thinly pilose beneath; stem leaves few, sessile, smaller than basal leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258545-1 wfo-0000017427 morphology 56D23079-B245-41F6-96AF-0520EF6ADB1B Capitula few to many in corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula to 5 cm long; involucre to 5 mm long; phyllaries lanceolate, puberulous to glabrous, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258545-1 wfo-0000017427 morphology 56D23079-B245-41F6-96AF-0520EF6ADB1B Corolla purple, 7–9 mm long, lobes 1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258545-1 wfo-0000017427 morphology 56D23079-B245-41F6-96AF-0520EF6ADB1B Achenes turbinate, 1.5 mm long, 4–5-ribbed, setulose; outer pappus of membranous scales ± 1.5 mm long, inner pappus of purplish or white setae to 7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258545-1 wfo-0000017427 morphology 56D23079-B245-41F6-96AF-0520EF6ADB1B Fig. 50/6, p. 262 urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:258545-1 wfo-0000031766 morphology D551951D-5DB6-40AD-AB09-5083C35DC7F8 Annual herb 13–120 cm high, sparsely branched; stems ribbed or angled, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930034-1 wfo-0000031766 morphology D551951D-5DB6-40AD-AB09-5083C35DC7F8 Leaves narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, to 7 cm long and 0.9 cm wide, base attenuate, entire and sometimes revolute, puberulous to scabridulous; uppermost leaves smaller and almost lorate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930034-1 wfo-0000031766 morphology D551951D-5DB6-40AD-AB09-5083C35DC7F8 Capitula many in lax panicles; involucre 8–10 mm long; phyllaries lanceolate, obtuse, hispid or almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930034-1 wfo-0000031766 morphology D551951D-5DB6-40AD-AB09-5083C35DC7F8 Corolla purple or pale whitish cream, 6–11 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930034-1 wfo-0000031766 morphology D551951D-5DB6-40AD-AB09-5083C35DC7F8 Achenes pale brown or blackish, 1.5–2.3 mm long, terete or obscurely 5-ribbed, white strigose and glandular; outer pappus a short fringe of fimbriate scales, inner pappus brownish, of setae 5–6 mm long, barbellate or subplumose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:930034-1 wfo-0000086028 morphology 3A3DE4B9-B240-4EA0-877B-D6359C8B9AA2 Herb with annual stems to 1 m from a woody rootstock; stems one to many, branched, yellowish brown tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259502-1 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Fruit a 1–many-seeded berry, rarely connate to form a syncarp, often brightly coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000042 morphology 64D58886-2CDB-4220-8062-81C4657F571B Seeds minute to large, variable in shape, with or without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000216-2 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Monoecious or dioecious trees, shrubs or subshrubs; nitrogen-fixing root-nodules present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Leaves alternate, entire to irregularly dentate or lobed, occasionally pinnatifid, usually with aromatic resinous gland-dots urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Stipules usually absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Flowers in dense elongate or globose axillary spikes (catkins), unisexual (or some morphologically bisexual in Canacomyrica); bracts present and sometimes a pair of smaller bracteoles; perianth absent save in Canacomyrica urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Male flowers: stamens 2–10(–22); filaments short, free or partially united into a column; anthers erect, 2-thecous, opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Female flowers: ovary sessile, 1-locular; style short with 2 slender branches; ovule 1, erect from the base, orthotropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Fruit either dry and with attached wing-like accrescent bracteoles or a small globose or ovoid drupe densely covered with bead-like often wax-covered papillae; endocarp hard urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000400 morphology 9C2E24BC-C736-41D1-979A-FEA45498C3DF Seed with membranous testa and little or no endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126721-1 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Herbs, shrubs or trees, hemiparasitic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Leaves often alternate, sometimes opposite, petiolate or sessile, simple, entire, sometimes reduced to scales, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Flowers in various sorts of essentially cymose inflorescences, often with a small dichasium axillary to each bract, small, often greenish, hermaphrodite or unisexual (then plants monoecious or dioecious), regular, monochlamydeous, the lobes distinct (in tropical African genera), forming a valvate 3–5-lobed fleshy cup or tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Stamens as many as and opposite the lobes, inserted at or below their base; anthers (in tropical African genera) with 2 parallel thecae opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Disk epigynous, intrastaminal, lobed, often lining at least the lower part of the perianth tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Ovary (in tropical African genera) inferior, unilocular; placenta erect, free-central with 2–3 pendulous ovules; style simple, cylindric or sometimes nearly wanting; stigma terminal, capitate or 2–3(–5)-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Fruit indehiscent, dry or fleshy (nut or drupe) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000543 morphology F26807AC-11DB-4064-816B-329324B5619C Seed solitary; testa obsolete; cotyledons surrounded by copious fleshy, oily or starchy endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30016540-2 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Evergreen rush-like plants, usually dioecious; stems (culms) erect, simple or branched, photosynthetic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Leaves generally reduced to sheaths which are split to their base, usually with a small awn or mucro urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Inflorescence sexually differentiated or the sexes similar, terminal, spicate or paniculate, much or little branched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Flowers nearly always aggregated into spikelets, these surrounded at base by a spathaceous sheath, each flower in the axil of a bract, sessile or pedicellate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Flowers small, wind-pollinated, regular; perianth of 2 whorls of 3 segments each, the segments similar or differentiated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Male flowers with three 1-celled dorsifix anthers, introrse with a longitudinal slit, and usually with vestigial female parts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Female flowers with the ovary superior, with 1–3 uniovular locules and 1–3 styles; staminodes 3 or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Fruit small, a 1–3-locular capsule or a 1-locular nut urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000518 morphology 3B68C3C5-E4BD-46DC-8DF1-BF62B078E3AE Seeds 1–3, with copious endosperm; embryo small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126761-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Aquatic herbs, looking like mosses, lichens or algae and usually growing on rocks or stones submerged in fast-flowing water urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Plant base usually thalloid, variable in form, without vessels, sometimes without xylem, bearing buds on the margins and surface from which shoots arise; thallus attached to the substrate by haptera, flattened disc-like organs excreting a cement-like substance, and sometimes with filiform rootlets; stem simple or with abbreviated side-shoots, sometimes suppressed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Leaves absent or, where present, alternate, entire to dissected, linear, filiform, or scale-like, 3-ranked or 2-ranked, sometimes densely imbricate on branches and flowering shoots; exstipulate or sometimes with 2 tooth-like stipules urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Flowers and fruits produced aerially at low water urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Flowers bisexual, regular or irregular, small, solitary or in cymes, sometimes cleistogamous; bracteoles 2, enclosing the flower (‘spathella’) and then tearing irregularly at anthesis allowing the pedicel to elongate beyond the spathella, or spathella absent and bracts subtending the flower; tepals absent or 2–3(–5), ± connate or free, or consisting of a small annular scale; stamens hypogynous, 1–2(–4), with the filaments usually at least basally connate, dehiscing introrsely with a longitudinal slit urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Ovary sessile or stalked, (1–)2(–3)-locular with as many ± basally connate (sub-)sessile stigmas; ovules many, anatropous, on thickened axile placentas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000485 morphology E657E67E-CF39-496E-AC59-3F2AE9EA002E Fruit a stalked capsule, smooth or ribbed, dehiscing into 2–3 valves in dry air; seeds usually many, very small, often with mucilaginous testa urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126691-1 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Trees, shrubs or geophytic shrublets, less often annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Leaves alternate, simple (pinnate and opposite in Rhytidanthera, a small S American genus) often with numerous lateral veins and densely reticulate tertiary venation, entire to serrate or setulose; stipules entire to deeply divided, deciduous or persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Flowers hermaphrodite, almost always regular, solitary or in fascicles or raceme-like, paniculate or cymose inflorescences; pedicels often articulated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Sepals (3–4–)5(–6–10), free, usually quincuncially imbricate, persistent or deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Petals (4–)5(–6–12), free, contorted in bud, often clawed, deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Stamens few to many, with persistent filaments; anthers linear, basifixed, dehiscing lengthwise or by apical pores; staminodes present outside stamens in a few genera (>i>Sauvagesia and allies) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Ovary superior, sessile, syncarpous, entire to lobed with style and 2–5 parietal placentas each with 1–many ovules, or with (3–)5(–6–15) lobes each with 1 ovule and style gynobasic; styles as many as placentas or ovary-lobes but completely united or free only at the apex with one globose or lobed stigma or separate stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Fruit a collection of 3–12 one-seeded drupelets borne on a fleshy enlarged receptacle, a nut surrounded by unequal enlarged sepals or a septicidal 2–5-valved, 1–many-seeded capsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000418 morphology 3533051C-1985-448E-9A16-9B423ED580DB Seeds with or without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000075-2 wfo-7000000354 morphology 9083E926-A2C0-4A99-ADF0-AB5C0495ACD6 Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs or sometimesgrowing on rocks, with erect, pendulous, climbing or prostrate, unbranched or dichotomously branched stems urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000139-2 wfo-7000000354 morphology 9083E926-A2C0-4A99-ADF0-AB5C0495ACD6 Leaves small, simple, single-veined, spirally arranged or decussate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000139-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Erect perennial geophytes; bulbs formed of 1 to many scales attached to reduced stem, tunicate or not urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Leaves basal or cauline, sometimes petiolate, 1- many, alternate or verticillate, linear to ovate-lanceolate, bases sometimes sheathing, veins parallel urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Inflorescence a terminal raceme, sometimes umbel-like, or a single terminal flower, bracts subtending flowers absent or present and leaf-like urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic or occasionally weakly zygomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Perianth segments 6 in 2 whorls, free to base, usually brightly coloured, often with contrasting basal nectaries urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Stamens in 2 series of 3; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Ovary superior, trilocular, with numerous ovules per locule; style solitary, erect, short to long; stigma capitate to 3-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Fruit a loculicidal capsule with numerous seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000336 morphology B9A5F179-4612-4CF8-A7B5-EF46CD64A976 Seeds flattened, discoid to ellipsoidal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000259-2 wfo-7000000301 morphology 6031B337-D065-49BB-9EFE-FC2DCD7F5132 Truly aquatic plants or terrestrialin seasonally boggy habitats urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126771-1 wfo-7000000301 morphology 6031B337-D065-49BB-9EFE-FC2DCD7F5132 Stem short, corm-like, 2–4-lobed or unlobed, or better developed, elongate or rhizome-like; roots numerous, branched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126771-1 wfo-7000000165 morphology BFDC4E58-8F05-441D-8C56-E16E052A9D39 Erect ferns with stems (trunk or caudex) to 10 m in Africa; rarely (not in Africa) prostrate or epiphytic; vascular tissue forming a hollow cylinder perforated by large gaps, the surface of stems covered with densely matted adventitious roots, rarely spiny; stipe bases persistent or, if not, then stipe scars prominent, old fronds rarely clothing the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126785-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Perrenial herbs, with a tunicated bulb-like or stoloniferous corm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Stem erect or scandent, simple or branched, sometimes almost absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Leaves basal or cauline, alternate, sometimes opposite and clustered, simple, entire, sessile, often basally sheathing the stem, the leaf apex sometimes ending in a tendril urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Inflorescence an umbel, raceme, or spike, or flowers solitary, with or without bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Flowers hypogynous, bisexual, regular, sessile or pedicillate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Perianth segments 6, equal, free or basally connate into a tube, sometimes with a basal nectary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Stamens 6; filaments free or inserted at the base of the perianth segments, filiform, sometimes thickened; anthers basifixed or dorsifixed, versatile, usually dehiscing extrorsely by longitudinal slits, sometimes latrorsely to introrsely urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Ovary superior, sessile, syncarpous, 3-locular, ovules many, placentation axile; style 1, 3-branched towards the apex, erect or bent at a right angle from the ovary, or styles 3, free, erect or recurved; stigmas 3 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000142 morphology 7F9CE2CB-B3F5-4F85-9CC2-DA71733326FF Fruit a capsule, septicidal or loculicidal, 3-valved, coriaceous or fleshy; seeds many, (sub)globose, sometimes with a distinct raphe, sometimes red and fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126743-1 wfo-7000000646 morphology 7E4FFBA6-C39C-4491-8A0F-FBF95176DD66 Terrestrial with erect or less often creeping rhizome, sometimes forming a short caudex; stipe not articulate (except in Woodsia), often densely scaly particularly near base, with 2 vascular strands united and U-shaped above urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60456504-2 wfo-7000000365 morphology 7573ECBE-6AE4-4958-8203-1CFDF3F8B79D Small aquatic or semi-aquatic ferns with a creeping, branched, solenostelic rhizome urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126791-1 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Trees, shrubs or occasionally pyrophytic subshrubs with massive rootstocks; usually evergreen; pith with internal phloem urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Leaves simple, predominantly opposite, often coriaceous, mostly entire, glandular-punctate; stipules absent or very reduced urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Flowers mostly regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual, solitary or in simple to complex inflorescences; bracteoles often present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Hypanthium (“calyx-tube”) ± adnate to the ovary; lobes 3–6(–10), imbricate, valvate, splitting irregularly or forming an operculum urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Petals 4–5(–6) or rarely absent, included on the margin of the disc lining the calyx-tube, imbricate or forming an operculum urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Stamens numerous, rarely only 4, 5 or 10, included on the disc margin in 1 or more rows, straight, inflexed or twice folded in bud; filaments free or connate at the base into a short tube or in 4–5 bundles opposite the petals; anthers small, 2-locular, opening by slits or less often by apical pores; connective sometimes tipped by a gland urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Ovary inferior or ± superior, (1–)2–5(–16)-locular with axile or rarely parietal placentation; ovules (1–)2–many, anatropous to campylotropous; style terminal (absent in one genus) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Fruit a berry or capsule (less often a drupe or nut), (1–)few(–many)-seeded, indehiscent or loculicidally dehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000404 morphology ADE13CC5-A651-4934-A9D6-05B523AA5EE8 Seeds without or with very little endosperm; embryo straight, incurved, circular or spiral urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000056-2 wfo-7000000423 morphology 841C1476-127B-4AEB-BF85-F9398C2E3B03 Terrestrial or epiphytic plants or sometimes on rocks urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17446010-1 wfo-7000000423 morphology 841C1476-127B-4AEB-BF85-F9398C2E3B03 Rhizomes erect or creeping, dictyostelic, with peltate scales, sometimes producing tubers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17446010-1 wfo-7000000503 morphology 064462EA-55EB-471E-B3F9-FC0A3B808827 Terrestrial (including saline and freshwater swamp dwellers) or growing on rocks; rhizome erect or creeping, solenostelic or dictyostelic with basifixed ± entire mostly non-clathrate scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001654-2 wfo-7000000503 distribution 064462EA-55EB-471E-B3F9-FC0A3B808827 As constituted here the family contains 5 genera spread throughout the tropics and warm temperate areas. Tryon and Kramer in Kubitzki, Fam. Gen. Fl. Pl. 1: 230 (1990) maintain Pteridaceae as a much larger unit with 6 subfamilies and 34 genera. See also Pichi Sermolli in Webbia 31: 393–395 (1972) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001654-2 wfo-7000000284 morphology D1ED9727-1CEB-4948-8E31-7BA363779705 Mostly subterranean, leafless, plants without chlorophyll; body rhizome-like with many slender, unbranched, haustorial roots, parasitic on the roots of the host plant urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126694-1 wfo-7000000284 morphology D1ED9727-1CEB-4948-8E31-7BA363779705 Flowers solitary, emerging from the rhizome-like body, hermaphrodite, the lower part subterranean, large, fleshy, with strong smell, beetle-pollinated; perianth tubular, lobed at apex, lobes 3–4(–5), valvate, fleshy; anthers sessile or very shortly stalked, 3–4(–5), inserted on the hypanthium opposite the perianth lobes, extrorse, with elongate many-locular pollen sacs with slits, forming a lobed ring on the hypanthium (Hydnora), or connate anthers forming a dome (>i>Prosopanche), with (>i>Prosopanche) or without staminodes (>i>Hydnora) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126694-1 wfo-7000000284 morphology D1ED9727-1CEB-4948-8E31-7BA363779705 Carpels 3(–4), ovary 1-locular, inferior, becoming filled with accrescent placentas covered with many ovules; ovules anatropous, unitegmic; stigma sessile, 1–5-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126694-1 wfo-7000000284 morphology D1ED9727-1CEB-4948-8E31-7BA363779705 Fruit subterranean, fleshy, with woody pericarp; seeds many, minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126694-1 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Trees, shrubs, lianas, or sometimes herbs (not in our area, except introduced ones); latex nearly always present, usually white, sometimes clear, yellow or red urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Leaves simple, opposite, whorled, or less often alternate (as in Adenium), pinnately veined, entire, rarely stipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Flowers bisexual, mostly actinomorphic, 5- or rarely 4-merous, fragrant urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Calyx often with colleters inside, free or united at the base, imbricate in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Corolla tubular, contorted or occasionally valvate, free, overlapping to the right or left in bud, sometimes with a corona urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Stamens included or exserted, epipetalous, free or connate to the style; filaments often very short, epipetalous; anthers frequently triangular, of two cells longitudinally dehiscent, often partly sterile, sometimes with apical appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Ovary superior or sometimes partly inferior, 1-celled and with 2 parietal placentas, 2-celled and with an axile placenta in each cell or composed of 2, or more, separate or at the base partly united carpels each with an adaxial placenta; ovules 2 to many; style one, often split at the base when carpels more or less separate; pistil head composed of a large variously shaped stigmatic basal part and a stigmoid apex; disk annular, cupular, composed of separate glands, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Fruit entire or consisting of two (rarely more) separate or partly united carpels, baccate, drupaceous, or follicular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000038 morphology 4240344F-4219-4FE9-BFD3-A9C4E3E399EE Seeds in dry fruits often winged or with a coma, mostly with an endosperm and a large embryo urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000008-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Annual or perennial herbs, occasionally soft-wooded shrubs or small trees, usually with most parts rather succulent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Leaves opposite or alternate, simple, entire; nodal and axillary scales and/or hairs sometimes present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Inflorescence cymose, sometimes reduced to a solitary axillary flower, or congested into a raceme-like panicle or terminal head of sessile flowers surrounded by an involucre of leaf-like bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, plumose; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Female flower: perianth irregularly divided into 3–5 lobes, to 1.5 mm. long; styles 1.2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices rugose, bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 12 × 15 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961609 morphology F1EDCA6D-D374-46CE-9A79-22C4FC34A79B Seeds subglobose, 4 × 3.5 mm., brownish grey, mottled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346193-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Tree to 12(–20) m. high, with a simple trunk to ± 90 cm. in diameter and rough fissured grey bark; branches persistent from ± 3 m. upwards, suberect, densely rebranching to form eventually a large broadly rounded crown; terminal branchlets fleshy, (3–)4(–5)-angled, 5–10 cm. wide, ± square in cross-section to distinctly winged, with wings to 2.5 cm. wide, usually ± constricted at irregular intervals into oblong segments 15–25 cm. long; angles straight to shallowly sinuately toothed, with teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Spine-shields very obtusely triangular, to ± 8 × 7 mm., extending ± 5 mm. above to include the flowering eye; spines stout, to 5 mm. long; prickles flexible, triangular, 1.5 mm. long, soon deciduous; spines and spine-shields soon becoming corky, rusty-brown and disintegrating. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Leaves oblanceolate on seedlings and young growth, to 7 × 1.5 cm., deltoid on older growth and soon deciduous, ± 5 × 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Cymes 1–6 crowded together, 1-forked, with stout peduncles 5–20 mm. long and cyme-branches ± 5 m. long; bracts rounded, ± 5 × 6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Cyathia ± 4 × 9 mm., with broadly cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 4 mm., almost touching, golden yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 2.2 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Male flowers many: bracteoles spathulate, plumose; stamens 5.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Female flower: perianth irregularly divided into 3 or more filiform lobes 2–4 mm. long, sometimes with 1 or 2 teeth; styles 2 or 3, ± 3 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose, bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Capsule shortly exserted on a stout pedicel ± 5 mm. long, 2–3-locular, subglobose, ± 8 × 12 mm., fleshy, green becoming red, hardening immediately before dehiscence to ± 6 × 9 mm. and very obtusely 2–3-lobed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961192 morphology 0F55A01C-F4F9-4718-8941-C5FE9E099BC8 Seeds subglobose, slightly compressed laterally, 3 mm. in diameter, greyish brown speckled with paler brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345923-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Tree to 10(–15) m. high, with a trunk to ± 30 cm. thick and grey fissured bark marked with usually 6 vertical rows of persistent spines and pit-scars resulting from fallen branches; seedlings 3–4-angled; branches spreading to 3(–5) m., rebranching several times to form a rounded crown; terminal branchlets fleshy, 3–4-angled, to 15 cm. wide, deeply winged and deeply constricted into ovate to subcircular segments to 15 cm. long or more, elongated with undulate margins on young plants; angles sinuately toothed with teeth 1–3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Spine-shields forming a continuous horny margin 1.5–8 mm. wide; spines robust, 0.5–2 cm. long or to 3.5 cm. on young plants; prickles to 1 mm. long; flowering eye usually flanked by a pair of secondary spines to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Leaves ovate, ± 2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Cymes 3–8 crowded together, 1-forked, with stout peduncles and cyme-branches 3–8 mm. long; bracts rounded, ± 3.5 × 6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Cyathia 4–4.5 × 8–10 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 2 × 4.5 mm., just touching, golden yellow; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5–2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, laciniate; stamens 5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Female flower: perianth 3-lobed, with lobes 2–3 mm. long; styles 3.5 mm. long, joined for 1/3 at the base, apices thickened, rugose, ± bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 6 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, ± 9 × 19 mm., base and apex truncate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000961131 morphology 05592614-4F1C-49E8-8713-005AB7072AB4 Seeds subglobose 3.5–4.2 mm. in diameter, buff with dark brown speckles, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345881-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Tree to 12 m. high, with a trunk to 45 cm. in diameter, rarely branched, and grey-brown roughened fissured bark irregularly marked with pit-scars resulting from fallen branches; seedlings 4–5-angled; branches spreading upwards, to 2.5 m. long, rebranching to form a ± compact rounded or flattened crown; terminal branches fleshy, 3–5-angled, to 15 cm. wide, prominendy and stoudy winged, deeply constricted to form subcircular or ovate segments to 20 cm. long, or shallowly constricted into oblong segments with undulate margins in young plants; angles sinuately toothed, with teeth 1–3 cm. apart, ± regularly spaced on older plants. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Spine-shields forming a continuous horny margin 3–8 mm. wide; spines stout 5–15(–25) mm. long; prickles vestigial; a pair of secondary spines to 2.5 mm. long often flanking the flowering eye. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Leaves deltoid, ± 2 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal row, or 4–5 crowded together, 1-forked in a vertical plane, peduncles and cyme-branches very stout, 5–8 × 5–8 mm.; bracts rounded, ± 5 × 9 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Cyathia 4.5–6 × 10–12 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, 2.5–3 × 5–6 mm., just touching, yellow; lobes subquadrate, ± 2 × 2.5 mm., conspicuously toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Male flowers many: bracteoles deeply laciniate; stamens 6–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Female flower: perianth conspicuous, 3-lobed, with lobes to 3 mm. long; styles 4.5–7 mm. long, joined at the base for ± 1/3 their length, apices thickened, rugulose, ± bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Capsule exserted on a stout pedicel 5–8 mm. long, 3-lobed with truncate base and slightly pointed apex, 12 × 22–25 mm., ± fleshy and becoming bright red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000963191 morphology F803A637-704E-4114-875A-00D7D4C50074 Seeds subglobose, slightly compressed laterally, ± 4.8 × 4.5 mm., buff with dark speckles and streaks, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932423-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Tree to 9(–12) m. high, or occasionally a shrub to ± 2 m. high; trunk simple, to 35 cm. thick, bark greyish brown, rough and fissured, with whorls of 4–9 pit-scars resulting from fallen branches; branches curving upwards, to 2.5 m. long, occasionally rebranching to form a rounded, flat-topped crown, fleshy, (3–)4–6(–8)-angled, 5–20 cm. wide, distinctly winged, deeply constricted at ± regular intervals into pear-shaped to subcircular segments 10–50 cm. long; angles shallowly sinuately toothed, with teeth ± regularly spaced 5–25 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Spine-shields contiguous to form a horny margin 3–10 mm. wide, becoming corky on older branches; spines 3–10 mm. long, or occasionally to 30 mm. on the lower branches; prickles vestigial or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal row, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts rounded, ± 4.5 × 6.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Cyathia ± 4.5 × 8 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 1.5 × 4 mm., just touching, golden yellow; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Male flowers: bracteoles very deeply laciniate, plumose; stamens 6.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Female flower: perianth obvious, shallowly lobed; styles 2–5.5 mm. long, joined for 1/2–2/3, apices thickened, rugulose, ± bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Capsule exserted on a stout pedicel 4–10 mm. long, distinctly 3-lobed, with truncate base, 6–7.5 × 10–13.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000961479 morphology 1A7F7107-5E72-4D3E-BAF9-5DC4F8ED4A45 Seeds subglobose, 2.8–3.5 mm. in diameter, pale greyish brown, speckled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Tree to 6 m. high; trunk simple or occasionally forked, to 30 cm. in diameter, with brown, cracking bark; branches spreading then ascending and rebranching to form a large rounded crown; terminal branches fleshy, (3–)4–5(–6)-angled, 3–7 cm. wide, distinctly winged, constricted at irregular intervals into pear-shaped segments 5–15 cm. long; angles sinuately toothed, with teeth ± 1 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Spine-shields contiguous to form a horny margin 2–5 mm. wide, becoming corky; spines 3–10 mm. long, shorter at the constrictions; prickles absent or vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Cymes 2–4 in a horizontal line at the flowering eye 3–5 mm. above the spines, 1-forked, subsessile, with cyathia arranged vertically; bracts rounded, ± 2.5 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 1 × 2 mm., almost touching, yellow; lobes subcircular, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, plumose; stamens 4.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Female flower: perianth 3-lobed, to 2 mm. long; styles 4.5 mm. long, joined for 2.8 mm., apices thickened, rugose, minutely bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Capsule subsessile, distinctly 3-lobed, with truncate base, ± 6 × 9 mm., green becoming red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000962618 morphology CB636CA9-1599-4028-9F7D-8768A24E63D3 Seeds subglobose, 2.6 mm. in diameter, yellowish brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346834-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Tree to 7 m. high; trunk simple, marked with pit-scars resulting from fallen branches; branches spreading, then ascending and rebranching to form a rounded crown; terminal branches fleshy, 4–6-angled, 2–5(–6) cm. wide, shallowly winged, constricted at irregular intervals into pear-shaped segments 5–15 cm. long, greyish green and usually obliquely streaked with yellowish green; angles straight to shallowly and sinuately toothed, with teeth 5–15 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Spine-shields contiguous to form a horny margin 2–4 mm. wide, eventually pealing off in strips; spines sturdy, 2–15 mm. long, a little shorter at the constrictions; prickles weak, triangular, 0.5 mm. long, later obsolescent; secondary spines 0–3.5 mm. long flanking the flowering eye 2–5 mm. above the spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 2 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal line, 1–2-forked, with stout peduncles and cyme-branches vertically arranged, 2–7.5 mm. long; bracts rounded, ± 4 × 6.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Cyathia ± 4 × 7 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, all parts golden yellow; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.8 × 3.5 mm., almost touching; lobes circular, 1.75 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, plumose; stamens 6.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Female flower: perianth with 3 or more irregular lobes, to 1.5 mm. long; styles 4 mm. long, joined for 2 mm., apices thickened, rugose, distinctly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Capsule subsessile, 3-lobed, with truncate base and apex, ± 7.5 × 12 mm., dark red becoming brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000960559 morphology 9EF48571-9661-44FD-90C7-45E2CEF13B4E Seeds subglobose, 3.3 × 3 mm., brown minutely speckled with darker brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899844-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Large straggling shrub to 4.5 m. high branching from the base or occasionally a shrubby tree to 6 m. high; branches fleshy, erect and spreading, the lowest ± prostrate, loosely rebranching, 3(–4)-angled, to 12 cm. wide, deeply winged, deeply and ± regularly constricted into segments to ± 8 cm. long, usually broader than long, bluish green densely streaked with yellow-green; angles undulate, sinuately toothed, with teeth distant, to ± 4 cm. apart at the base of each segment, closer, to ± 1 cm. or less above, and towards the constrictions. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Spine-shields forming a continuous rounded horny grey margin 2–6 mm. wide, enclosing the flowering eye 5–20 mm. above the spines and enlarged at the base of the longest spines to 8 mm. thick; spines extremely robust, the longest (3–)4–8 cm. long, much shorter at the constrictions; prickles weak, 0.5–2 mm. long; flowering eye flanked by a pair of secondary spines 0.5–5 mm. long and occasionally another rudimentary pair just above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Cymes (1–)3–7 crowded together, 1-forked with stout peduncles 8–12 mm. long and cyme-branches 3–7 mm. long; bracts rounded, ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Cyathia ± 3.5 × 9 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 1.8 × 4 mm., just touching, golden yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, laciniate, plumose; stamens 6.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Female flower: perianth 3-lobed, with lobes ± 2 mm. long; styles 3 mm. long, joined for 0.8 mm., apices thickened, rugulose, bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Capsule just exserted on a pedicel 3–5 mm. long, ± deeply 3-lobed, with truncate base and apex, ± 9 × 18 mm., green then reddening. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000961085 morphology 859CA3A0-0C87-4DBF-831C-AAC8ABA2BA6C Seeds globose, 3.5 mm. in diameter, pale grey, speckled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345846-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Straggling loosely branched succulent shrub to 50 cm. high and 1 m. in diameter; branches numerous from the base, 4-angled, 1.5–3 cm. wide, constricted at irregular intervals on upper parts of the branches into ± obovate segments 1.5 cm. or more long; angles compressed, sinuately toothed with teeth irregularly spaced 0.5–2 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Spine-shields oblong-triangular, contiguous to form a horny margin 1–4 mm. wide or separated between the segments; spines robust, 1–15 mm. long, very irregular in length; prickles rudimentary; flowering eye flanked by a pair of rudimentary secondary spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Cymes solitary, apparently unbranched, peduncle ± 3 mm. long; bracts rounded, ± 2 × 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Cyathia ± 3 × 8 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, all parts dark red; glands transversely oblong, ± 1.8 × 4.5 mm., just touching; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Female flower: styles 3 mm. long, joined for 1.7 mm., apices thickened, distinctly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Capsule sessile, distinctly 3-lobed, ± 4.5 × 9 mm., dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000960996 morphology 2590A336-DF81-4F59-8953-8FF148B304FC Seeds subglobose, 2.8 × 2.5 mm., brown, speckled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932422-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Succulent perennial with a large tuberous root and a reduced underground stem producing numerous branches erect to 50 cm. high, or weaker branches spreading; branches rebranching above, (3–)4–5-angled, 1.5–5 cm. wide, constricted at irregular intervals into ± obovate segments 2 cm. or more long, greyish green with paler oblique streaks; angles compressed, sinuately toothed, with teeth irregularly spaced 0.5–3.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Spine-shields contiguous forming a horny margin 0.5–3 mm. wide, occasionally separate at the branch bases; spines sturdy, 0.5–2.5 cm. long, very irregular in length with the shortest at the constrictions; prickles rudimentary; flowering eye flanked by a pair of secondary spines 0.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Leaves deltoid, ± 2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal line, 1-forked, with stout peduncle and cyme-branches to 2.5 mm. long arranged in a vertical plane; bracts rounded, ± 3 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Cyathia ± 4.5 × 7.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, all parts golden yellow; glands transversely oblong, ± 1.5 × 4 mm., just touching; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate, plumose; stamens 6.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Female flower: perianth obvious as several acute lobes 0.5–1.5 mm. long; styles 4 mm. long, joined to halfway, apices thickened, distinctly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Capsule sessile, distincdy 3-lobed, with truncate base, ± 4 × 7.5 mm., green flushed with red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000964213 morphology DF060691-8955-44EA-BCFD-698E1A92F900 Seeds subglobose, 2.5 mm. in diameter, grey, mottled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899862-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Dwarf succulent perennial with large tuberous root ± 10 cm. in diameter, and a much reduced underground stem; branches numerous, weakly erect to ± 30 cm. high, or often semi-prostrate to 50 cm. long, simple or occasionally rebranched, grey-green with conspicuous oblique paler streaks, 3(–4)-angled, 1–4 cm. wide, deeply winged, constricted at irregular intervals into ± obovate segments 2 cm. or more long; angles toothed with teeth irregularly spaced 1–5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Spine-shields narrowly oblong, 1–2 mm. wide, extended 1–5 mm. above the spines to enclose the flowering eye, decurrent for 5 mm. or more or sometimes contiguous especially on wider portions of the branch; spines 1–20 mm. long, very irregular in length with the shortest at the constrictions; prickles vestigial; flowering eye flanked by a pair of secondary spines 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Cymes solitary, 1-forked with peduncles and cyme-branches to 4 mm. long arranged in a vertical plane; bracts rounded, ± 2 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Cyathia ± 4 × 6 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, all parts yellow; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 3.5 mm., just touching; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens ± 5mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Female flower: styles 3.5 mm. long, joined for 1.5 mm., apices thickened, distinctly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Capsule sessile, sharply 3-lobed, ± 4 × 6 mm., green flushed with red along the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961129 morphology 3A03AF46-D272-4A04-9B5D-4629BB51AEB9 Seeds subglobose, 2.5 mm. in diameter, buff, mottled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345880-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Dwarf very densely tufted succulent perennial to 15 cm. high; root large, tuberous; stem much reduced, subterranean, with short underground branches producing secondary plants crowded together to form a domed ‘cushion’ 15–100 cm. in diameter; branches usually simple, to 12 cm. long, (2–)3-angled, 1–2.5 cm. wide; angles compressed and often spirally twisted, prominently toothed with the teeth irregularly spaced 0.5–2 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Spine-shields oblong-triangular, to 2 mm. wide, extended to 4 mm. above the spines to enclose the flowering eye, shortly decurrent, or sometimes forming a continuous horny margin ± 1 mm. wide; spines to 9 mm. long; prickles absent or occasionally vestigial; flowering eye usually flanked by a pair of minute secondary spines. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Leaves deltoid, ± 2 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Cymes solitary, 1-forked with peduncles and cyme-branches 3–5 mm. long arranged in a vertical plane; bracts rounded, ± 2.5 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Cyathia ± 3 × 6 mm., with cup-shaped involucres, all parts yellow; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.8 × 2.7 mm., contiguous; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Female flower: styles 3.5 mm. long, joined for 1.5 mm., apices rugulose, deeply bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 7 × 8.5 mm., green flushed with purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000961090 morphology C349373F-1B02-4E49-B40C-682B3D49A61D Seeds subglobose, 2.7 × 2.5 mm., grey-mottled, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345850-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Seedlings to ± 1 m. high, with unbranched fleshy stem 4(–5)-angled, 3–4 cm. thick, pale green heavily mottled with darker green; angles ± straight, with spine-shields forming a continuous horny margin ± 2 mm. wide; spines 3–7 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 cm. apart. Young plants to ± 3 m., branching and rebranching irregularly; branches at first ascending then drooping, obtusely 3–4-angled, 1–1.5 cm. thick, uniformly greyish green, ± distinctly toothed, with teeth 3–5 cm. apart; spine-shields stout, 2–4 mm. wide, tapering abruptly above and below the spines up to ± 1 cm., becoming progressively shorter as further branches are produced; spines to 12 mm. long; prickles obsolete. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Mature tree 3–10(–13) m. high; trunk simple, to 40 cm. in diameter; bark grey, rough and fissured, with a few pit-scars resulting from fallen branches visible at higher levels; branches to 5 m. long, at first ascending, finally the lower ones spreading horizontally to form a rounded flat-based crown; secondary branches crowded at the apices, densely and irregularly rebranching; terminal branchlets obscurely 3-angled to cylindrical, marked with calloused obtusely triangular leaf-scars ± 2.5 × 2.5 mm. and 1–3 cm. apart immediately below the flowering eyes, rarely with a pair of minute spines on lower branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Leaves deltoid, ± 5 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Cymes solitary, 1-forked with peduncles to 5 mm. long and cyme-branches to 7 mm. long; bracts rounded, ± 4 × 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Cyathia ± 4 × 9 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, reddish brown; glands transversely oblong, ± 2 × 4 mm., yellow, just touching; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm., red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, plumose; stamens 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Female flower: perianth with 3 distinct lobes, 1.5 mm. long; styles 3 mm. long, free to the base, apices slightly thickened, bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Capsule exserted on an erect pedicel to 1 cm. long, deeply and acutely 3-lobed with truncate base, ± 8 × 20 mm., dark purplish grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Seeds subglobose, 3.5–4 mm. in diameter, pale greyish buff, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000964450 morphology 7BDC407A-07E3-4D52-8BB7-0135AE65CDCF Fig. 93/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348073-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Tree to 4(–10) m. high, with a simple trunk 12–25 cm. in diameter; branches at first ascending and 5-angled, finally horizontal and cylindrical to ± 3 m. long, with secondary branches arising loosely in whorls and rebranching to form a ± rounded slightly flattened crown; terminal branchlets fleshy, 3–4-angled and ± winged; angles sinuate-toothed with teeth 1.5–3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Spine-shields oblong-triangular, ± 4 × 2 mm. above the spines and extended to enclose the flowering eye, decurrent 1–3 mm.; spines to 5 mm. long; prickles minute or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Leaves deltoid, ± 5(–13) × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Cymes solitary 1(–5)-forked, with peduncle 3–6 mm. and cyme-branches 5–9 mm. long; bracts rounded, ± 4 × 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Cyathia ± 4.5 × 9 mm, with funnel-shaped involucres, reddish purple; glands 5(–6), transversely elliptic, ± 2.5 × 4.5 mm, just touching, dark bluish purple; lobes 5(–6), transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Male flowers: bracteoles plumose; stamens 5 mm. long, with blackish anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Female flower: perianth 3-lobed, with toothed lobes 1.25–2 mm. long; styles 2 mm. long, free to the base, apices thickened, slighdy bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Capsule exserted on an erect pedicel to 8 mm. long, deeply and acutely 3-lobed, with truncate base, ± 9 × 25 mm, reddish purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets obliquely ovate at the base, grading to lanceolate and linear-lanceolate towards the apex of the stem, rather obtuse or the narrower ones subacute, mostly very shortly apiculate, glabrous, obscurely glandular-punctate beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Stipules narrowly lanceolate, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Bracts ovate, acute, longer than the internodes, not obviously glandular, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Flowers nearly as long as the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Calyx ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Petals creamy, with red veins on lower part of standard, and both wings and keel yellow apically; standard up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176756 morphology 25B318B8-AFD6-4B8F-8B2A-703FDFA8EECA Legume up to 12 mm. long and 5-seeded; segments 2 × 2.5 mm., without bristles, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526083-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Densely tufted perennial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Stems erect, arising among burnt-off bases of previous seasons’ stems, up to 4 dm. long, glandular-punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets obliquely linear-elliptic, acute, glabrous, densely glandular-punctate on both surfaces, the largest occurring about the middle of the stem, up to 38 × 6 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Stipules lanceolate, up to 12 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Bracts ovate, acute, shorter than the internodes, densely beset with punctate glands, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Flowers as long as the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Calyx ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Petals yellow; standard up to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176701 morphology 62859EBE-D5F7-4DF5-A00D-95F77E072938 Legume up to 17 mm. long and 6-seeded; segments 2.5 × 3 mm., without bristles, shortly pubescent, densely glandular-punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526072-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Perennial herb with woody roots 5 mm. thick and tufted habit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Stems erect or decumbent, up to 4.5 dm. long, shortly pilose, glabrescent towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Leaves 2-foliolate; leaflets oblong-elliptic, up to 32 × 8 mm., shortly apiculate, sparsely pilose, especially on the margins, glandular-punctate on both surfaces; lowest leaves unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Stipules narrowly lanceolate, up to 22 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Bracts ovate, acute, as long as or slightly longer than the internodes, beset with punctate glands and shortly and inconspicuously pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Flowers as long as or slightly longer than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Calyx ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Petals yellow with “dark” veins on the standard, which is up to 8(–10) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176484 morphology 1058FD7D-4FA9-4121-B64C-33AF04E1B031 Legume up to 10 mm. long and 5-seeded; segments 2 × 2 mm., glabrous, without or with a few vestigial bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525980-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Perennial herb with prostrate pilose stems up to 5 dm. long, radiating from a central rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Leaves normally 2-foliolate; leaflets of upper leaves obliquely ovate, up to 20 × 10 mm., rather obtuse, sparsely pilose above, glandular-punctate on both surfaces; those of lower leaves similar but smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Stipules ovate-lanceolate, up to 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Bracts ovate, scarcely acute, usually slightly longer than the internodes, beset with rather inconspicuous glands, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Flowers longer than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Calyx ± 4.0 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Petals yellow, up to 11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176710 morphology FAF985DA-5377-42FD-B5B1-A7F0E402EC75 Legume up to 13 mm. long, glabrous, 5(–6)-seeded; segments 2 × 2mm., without bristles,glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526075-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Perennial herb with prostrate stems radiating from a woody vertical root, up to 64 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Leaves 4-foliolate, very variable in size; terminal leaflets of upper leaves obovate, rarely oblanceolate, up to 21 × 11(30 × 14) mm., often very much smaller, rounded at the apex, glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib and margin, glandular-punctate beneath; lateral leaflets smaller; leaflets of lower leaves similar to the upper but slightly larger. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Stipules ovate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 9 mm. long but often much shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Bracts obovate-elliptic, scarcely acute, usually longer than the internodes, beset with conspicuous glands, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Flowers longer than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Calyx ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Petals yellow, pink, blood-red or mauve, variously marked with deeper colours; standard up to 9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176720 morphology 0591D4F0-891A-4FC7-AA5D-0E66F5404DA9 Legume up to 20 mm. long and 8-seeded; segments 2.5 × 2.5 mm., variously clothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526080-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Perennial herb with prostrate or decumbent stems, up to 6.5 dm. long, from a slender fibrous rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Leaves 4-foliolate; terminal leaflets of upper leaves lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, up to 22 × 3 mm., often much smaller, acute, apiculate, glabrous or with a few hairs on the midrib and margin, ± glandular-punctate beneath; lateral leaflets smaller; leaves towards the middle of the stem larger; leaflets of lower leaves smaller and proportionally broader. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Stipules lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, up to 12(–15) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Bracts ovate or elliptic, acute, usually longer than the internodes, beset with glands, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Flowers longer than the bracts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Calyx ± 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Petals lemon-yellow or orange marked with reddish; standard up to 8.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000176538 morphology 7CFA1CA8-30A2-4B12-A851-E0BEDC478C41 Legume up to 18 mm. long and 7-seeded, often much shorter; segments 2.5 × 2 mm., variously clothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525995-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Large spreading shrub to 3 m. with ± pendulous branches; stems reddish, striate, with upwardly directed soft white pilosity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules very early deciduous, oblong-acuminate, slightly oblique, initially connate, 9–10.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. broad, finely striate, puberulent and pilose on the outer surface; stipels subulate to nearly deltoid, 1–1.5 mm. long, 0.5 mm. broad; petioles abundantly appressed pilose, 2–3 cm. long; leaf-rhachis similar, 0.8–1.3 cm. long; all leaflets dark and essentially glabrous above, paler and inconspicuously silky pilose beneath; terminal leaflets broadly elliptic to ovate or obovate, acute to obtuse at apex, rounded at base, 6–8 cm. long, the laterals somewhat obliquely elliptic, obtuse at base and apex, about two-thirds as long and half as wide as the terminal leaflet, 4–5.5 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Inflorescences axillary, sessile to pedunculate, appearing umbellate, but actually highly congested racemose with ± whorled flowers; peduncles densely silky pilose, 4–10 mm. long; primary bracts ovate-acute, 2.5–4 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, somewhat puberulent and pilose, deciduous; bracteoles subtending calyx similar to the bracts, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Calyx silky pilose throughout, often deciduous before fruit matures; teeth of lower lobe lanceolate-acuminate, central tooth 4.5–6 mm. long, lateral teeth 4–5 mm. long; upper (slightly) bifid lobe ovate-acute, 4–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Corolla white to bright yellow; standard almost orbicular, retuse, with a short (± 2.5 mm.) claw, 9.5–11.5 mm. long; wings slenderly oblong, clawed for one-fifth their length, obtuse at apex, slightly auricled, 9.5– 11 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; keel-petals ± scythe-shaped, slightly auricled, clawed for ± one-third their length, 10–13.5 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Vexillary stamen-filament fused for most of its length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Fruit essentially sessile, 1–6-articled, slighly indented between the articles on the upper suture, more deeply so on the lower one, isthmi between the articles 1.5–4 mm. wide; articles essentially straight above, broadly curved below, rather densely appressed pilose, becoming less conspicuously so, 5.5–9.5 mm. long, 4.5– 7.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Seed elliptic-reniform, 4.5–5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, reddish brown to black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177504 morphology B015C86B-47A3-4AF1-89A0-2F73413C50E9 Fig. 65/4, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492230-1 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Spreading to ascending or erect perennial herb, or becoming a wiry or stout subshrub or shrub, 0.3–3 m. tall; stem striate to angular, reddish, uncinulate-puberulent to pubescent and somewhat pilose at least above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules partially connate abaxially, at least when young, obliquely ovate-acuminate, truncate at base, 3–11 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, soft puberulent on the outer surface, long-persistent; stipels subulate to linear-attenuate, 1–5.5 mm. long, ciliate and puberulent; petioles uncinulate-puberulent and long spreading pilose, 0.8–3.5 cm. long; leaf-rhachis similar, shorter, to 1.5 cm. long; petiolules rugose, rather densely stiff pilose, 1–3 mm. long; leaflets very variable, often nearly orbicular at base, becoming successively oval, oblong, and nearly lanceolate above, mostly ± elliptic, acute at apex, rounded at base, rather lustrous and dark above, or with a paler streak along midrib, pubescence not conspicuous, pale beneath and rather densely pilose; terminal leaflets 2–9 cm. long, 1.5–4.5 cm. wide, the lateral up to 6 cm. long and 3 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Inflorescence of terminal and axillary racemes, the rhachis angular, ridged and grooved, densely uncinulate-puberulent; pedicels usually solitary but sometimes borne in fascicles of 3, the central flower not always developing to maturity, each pedicel (or fascicle) subtended by 1 primary bract and (if solitary) by 2 lateral secondary bracts, all of which are persistent; primary bracts lanceolate-acuminate, 2.2–4.5 mm. long, 0.5–0.8 mm. wide, puberulent on the outer surface; secondary bracts similar, 1–2 mm. long, to 0.5 mm. wide; pedicels densely uncinulate-puberulent and sometimes pilose, 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Calyx uncinulate-puberulent and abundantly pilose, the teeth of both lobes finely ciliate, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Corolla blue or red to purple; standard obovate, retuse, 3–5.5 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide; wings ± oblong, clawed for one-third their length, 3.5–6 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; keel-petals ± scythe-shaped, obtuse at apex, scarcely auricled, equalling the wings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Fruit stipitate, up to 8-articled; stipe 1.5–2.5 mm. long; articles essentially straight above, indented about two-thirds their width at the isthmi (below), uncinulate-pubescent throughout, 3.5–5 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177034 morphology 8D095956-BEA7-40D7-9FA9-EC9F4B46B242 Seed obtusely oblong, 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78393-2 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Prostrate to erect herb or subshrub; stem slender, 0.5–2 m. long, distinctly and laxly spreading pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules obliquely ovate-attenuate, 4–7 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, glabrous to scattered pilose; petiole spreading pilose, ± 1 cm. long; leaf-rhachis similar, one-third as long; leaflets obovate, truncate to retuse at apex, cuneate to rounded at base, glabrous to moderately pilose above, abundantly pilose beneath, the terminal 1.2–2.7 cm. long, 1.2–1.7 cm. wide, the laterals similar or more nearly elliptic, somewhat smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Inflorescences composed of lax axillary and terminal racemes; rhachides uncinulate-puberulent and moderately to densely spreading or appressed pilose; primary bracts present, ovate-attenuate, pilose with scattered hairs to almost glabrous, long-ciliate, 3.5–4.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; pedicels in pairs, usually ascending, slender, puberulent, 6–12.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Flowers pale pink to deep rose or purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Calyx 2-lipped, puberulent throughout, the teeth of both lobes long-pilose; lower lobe (including teeth) to 3 mm. long; upper bifid lobe 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Corolla slightly exceeding calyx; standard obovate, obtuse at apex, narrowed to base, ± 4 mm. long; wings ± hatchet-shaped, shortly clawed, 3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide; keel-petals obtusely deltoid, longer clawed, 4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (1 mm.), 2–6-articled, the upper suture essentially straight, the lower slightly curved and indented at the isthmi; articles ± quadrate, partially separating from each other, then dehiscing along the lower suture, ± 3 mm. long and wide, glabrous to abundantly puberulent throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000177228 morphology 11EB4A15-D6CF-45A1-B689-43EA94A2C36A Seed obtusely oblong, 2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, pale. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491809-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Semi-prostrate to suberect herb with slender stem 3–4dm. long and spreading branches densely appressed pilose with upwardly directed white hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Leaves usually 1-foliolate; stipules obliquely deltoid-attenuate, 6–8 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, pilose; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm. long; leaflets elliptic, 1.5–4.5 cm. long, 0.7–1.7 cm. wide, apiculate, minutely retuse at base and apex, sparsely appressed pilose above, densely so beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Inflorescences usually terminal, racemose-paniculate; rhachides uncinulate-pubescent and -puberulent with golden hairs; primary bracts deciduous; secondary bracts absent; pedicels in pairs, almost horizontal at maturity, 9–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Flowers cream to mauve. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Calyx 2-lipped; teeth of both lobes slenderly deltoid and long-pilose with white and golden hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Standard obovate or ± flabelliform, minutely retuse at apex, becoming gradually narrower from the mid-point to the base, 3–6 mm. long, 2.5–4.5 mm. wide; wings ± obliquely oblong, slightly auricled, shortly clawed, 3.5–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; keel-petals oblong or remotely deltoid, obtuse at apex, long-clawed, 4–6 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Fruit sessile, up to 6-articled, the style usually persistent, upper suture essentially straight, the lower curved and indented between the articles, uncinulate-puberulent and -pubescent throughout; articles ± quadrate, partially separating from each other, later dehiscing along the lower suture, 3–4 mm. long, 3 mm. broad. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000176968 morphology 8495FA68-9355-4155-90AE-21E71755A9E5 Seed 2.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491577-1 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Prostrate creeping annual or perennial herb, often branched from the base or rooting at the nodes (in habit and aspect suggesting a species of Trifolium); stem terete and striate to angular, moderately to densely long white pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Leaves (1–)3-foliolate; stipules stramineous, obliquely ovate, 2–5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, long-acuminate, truncate at base, somewhat pilose on outer surface, long-persistent; petiole long-pilose and minutely uncinulate-puberulent, 4–9 mm. long; leaf-rhachis similar, 1–2.5 mm. long; terminal leaflets obovate, retuse at apex, cuneate to acute at base, essentially glabrous and reticulate above, usually abundantly pilose beneath or only so on midrib and margins, the terminal 4.5–12 mm. long, 4–12 mm. wide, the lateral leaflets similar or more nearly elliptic and a little smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Inflorescences axillary, usually composed of 3–4 pairs of flowers; primary bracts ovate-attenuate, 2–3.5 mm. long, 0.7–1.5 mm. wide, each subtending 2 pedicels, long-persistent; secondary bracts, if present, depauperate; pedicels slender, usually long-pilose, 6.5–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Flowers blue, purple, reddish purple or pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Calyx 2-lipped, the upper bifid lobe more or less equalling the teeth of the lower lobe in length, each of the 5 teeth with a distinctive dark streak along its midrib and all of them long white pilose, 2.5–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Corolla equalling or exceeding the calyx; standard ± orbicular but long-clawed, to 4.5 mm. long and 2–3 mm. wide; wings ± oblong and long-clawed, equalling the standard in length, 1 mm. wide; keel-petals scythe-shaped, long-clawed, also equalling standard, 1–1.3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Fruit sessile, up to 5-articled, the upper suture straight or slightly reflexedly curved, the lower indented between the articles; articles ± quadrate, 2.3–4 mm. long and wide, curved below, separating from each other but not dehiscing, glabrous to abundantly uncinate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177482 morphology 465A2DCA-E685-4380-A7D1-DC8FDD45C980 Seed quadrangular to nearly orbicular in outline, 1.5–2 mm. long, 1.5–1.8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1200850-2 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Perennial with scandent to procumbent stems rooting at the lower nodes and forming shoots to 1 m. or more long; stems subangular to cylindric, usually densely spreading pilose and somewhat puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules obliquely ovate-attenuate, 3.5–8.5 mm. long, ± puberulent on the outer surface; stipels slender and persistent, 0.5–4 mm. long; petiole stramineous to reddish, densely long-pilose, 7–19 mm. long; leaf-rhachis similar, 3–12 mm. long; terminal leaflets suborbicular to elliptic or obovate, retuse and rounded to truncate at apex, cuneate to rounded at base, 1.4– 4.2 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, lateral leaflets similar or more nearly elliptic, 1–3 cm. long and 0.7–1.5 cm. wide, all glabrous to moderately pilose above, rather densely pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Inflorescence of axillary and terminal panicles or racemes; rhachides densely uncinulate-puberulent, sometimes also sparsely to moderately spreading or appressed pilose; primary bracts each subtending 2 pedicels, ovate-attenuate, 2.3–6.5 mm. long (the attenuate tip 1.5–2 mm. long), 1.5–2 mm. wide, somewhat pilose on the outer surface; secondary bracts occasionally present, rather depauperate, 1.3–2 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide, rarely a minute bracteole is borne on the pedicel; pedicels uncinulate puberulent, 4–13 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Flowers white, yellow, or mauve turning blue (or, fide Milne-Redhead & Taylor 9733, the standard mauve, the wings deep violet above and white below, the keel white). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Calyx 2-lipped, green, minutely puberulent throughout, long-pilose especially on the teeth of both lobes; teeth subequal, 2–3.5 mm. long; standard obovate, retuse, equalling or exceeded by the keel, 2.5–4.5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide; wings slightly shorter, 3mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate or the basal 1 or 2 articles aborted, up to 6-articled, the upper suture slightly, the lower rather deeply indented at the isthmi; articles obtusely curved below, 1.5–3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, uncinulate-puberulent throughout to glabrescent; style usually persistent, rather twisted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Seed obtusely oblong or subreniform, 1.5–2 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000177440 morphology 94D398A1-0570-4A7B-A44F-95A29B50DAA5 Fig. 65/5, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492135-1 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Herbaceous, to almost 1 m. in length; stem creeping or forming tussocks, terete, striate with stiff, upwardly appressed to spreading pilosity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules obliquely ovate-lanceolate with long attenuate apex and slightly auriculate base, 0.5–1 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, puberulent and pilose to glabrescent on the outer surface, persistent; petiole pilose, 1–3 cm. long; leaf-rhachis similar, 0.3–1 cm. long; leaflets elliptic-obovate, (acute to) obtuse and emarginate at apex, cuneate to rounded at base, pilose to essentially glabrous on the upper surface, densely soft pilose on the lower; terminal leaflet 1.7–4.3 cm. long, 0.7–3.2 cm. wide; lateral leaflets 1.3–3 cm. long, 0.7–2 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Inflorescence composed of axillary and terminal racemes; rhachides striate to grooved, sparsely to abundantly stiff-pilose and finely puberulent with multicellular and uncinulate hairs; primary bracts ovate-acuminate with long attenuate apex, 3.5–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, pilose and puberulent to glabrescent, early deciduous, each subtending 2 pedicels; secondary bracts absent or, if rarely present, depauperate; pedicels with pubescence similar to that of rhachis, 0.4–1.7(–2.1) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Flowers usually pink. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Calyx 2-lipped; tube minutely puberulent; teeth of both lobes pilose, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Corolla exceeding calyx; standard obovate, shortly clawed, 4–5.5 mm. long, 2.5–3.5 mm. wide; wings ± oblong, broader above, slightly auricled, shortly clawed, 3–3.5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide; keel-petals somewhat triangular, truncate at apex, gradually narrowed to a long claw, 3.5–4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Fruit with a stipe 0.5–2 mm. long, 1–5-articled; articles ± obliquely oblong, straight on the upper suture, curved below, constricted about half their width at the isthmi, 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, uncinulate-pubescent throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000176946 morphology 8983BC6C-1EFE-42C7-ADA2-A86789D9C830 Seed transversely elliptic, 2.5–5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1189617-2 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Perennial herb, often several stems arising from the long slender branching root, 3–7.5 dm. high; stem angular, lineate, uncinulate-pubescent and somewhat spreading pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Leaves 3-foliolate (or occasionally 1-foliolate at base); stipules obliquely lanceolate-attenuate, somewhat auriculate at base, 5–11 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, minutely uncinulate-puberulent on the outer surface; petiole densely uncinulate-puberulent and moderately to abundantly long-pilose, 0.8–2.2 cm. long; rhachis similar, 0.2–0.6 cm. long; terminal leaflet narrowly elliptic to oblong or oblong-obovate, mucronate and usually obtuse at apex, obtuse to cuneate at base, 1–4.5 cm. long, 0.5–1.3 cm. wide; lateral leaflets similar, 0.6–3.5 cm. long, 0.3–0.9 cm. wide; all glabrous above, minutely uncinulate-puberulent and sparsely to moderately pilose beneath, secondary reticulation prominent on both surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Inflorescence of lax terminal racemes; rhachides angular and uncinulate-pubescent; primary bracts, each subtending 2 pedicels, ovate-attenuate, 4–6 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, puberulent and glandular hirtellous on outer surface, deciduous; pedicels erect to spreading, uncinulate-puberulent and somewhat pilose, 10–29 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Flowers red to violet. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Calyx 2-lipped, minutely puberulent, somewhat pilose on the teeth of both lobes; central tooth of lower lobe 2–3.5 mm. long; lateral teeth slightly shorter; upper bifid lobe 1.6–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Standard cuneate-obovate, emarginate at apex, shortly clawed at base, 3.5–5.5 mm. long, 3–5.5 mm. wide; wings ± oblong, shortly clawed, 3–4.5 mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide; keel-petals scythe-shaped, long-clawed, equalling standard. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Fruit shortly stipitate, 1–4-articled; stipe 1.5–2.5 mm. long; articles semiorbicnlar or slightly oblique, essentially straight on the upper suture but slightly indented at centre of each article at the point of attachment of the seed, curved on the lower suture between the isthmi, 4.5–7 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, uncinulate-puberulent and reticulate on surfaces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177449 morphology 3E716068-BF85-442E-83C3-C3E43664DD2A Seeds brown, 4 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492160-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Low perennial herb to branching shrub from 1 dm. to 1.5 m. high; stem terete to angular, light brown to reddish, striate to grooved, moderately to abundantly strigose with (rarely spreading and/or with only) upwardly directed appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Leaves 3-foliolate, the leaflets appearing to be somewhat sensitive; stipules obliquely lanceolate-attenuate, (4–)5–11 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, usually densely strigose at the very base and slightly lobed on one side, otherwise glabrous to puberulent, ciliate; petiole abundantly strigose (as is stem), 6–15 mm. long; rhachis similar, 1–5 mm. long; terminal leaflet narrowly obovate, obtuse to rounded at apex and apiculate, cuneate at base, 1–4.8 cm. long, 0.4–1.2 cm. wide, lateral leaflets similar, more nearly elliptic, 1–2.2 cm. long, 0.5–0.9 cm. wide, all glabrous to glabrescent or moderately appressed pilose above, abundantly appressed pilose beneath and with venation prominently reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Inflorescence of lax to rather stiff terminal racemes; rhachides tawny, or brown to red or black, terete to angular, and rather densely upwardly appressed strigose; primary bracts each subtending 2 (rarely 3) pedicels, ovate-attenuate, 3.5–6 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, puberulent and with scattered long tapering hairs, not long persistent; pedicels ascending, black, uncinulate-puberulent and usually densely upwardly strigose (as rhachis), 4–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Flowers pink to mostly reddish or purple (or crimson or purple and whitish). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Calyx green to purple, puberulent throughout and often long-pilose on the teeth of both lobes, (2–)2.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Standard obovate, retuse at apex, narrowed to an acutish base, 3.5–5 mm. long, 2–4.5 mm. wide; wings ± oblong, slightly narrowed to an obtuse apex, remotely auricled and shortly clawed at base, 2.5–4.5 mm. long, 1.3–2 mm. wide; keel-petals scythe-shaped, long-clawed, equalling standard in length, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Fruits sessile to shortly stipitate, the articles rather prominently reticulate, uncinulate-puberulent and -pubescent throughout, the upper suture somewhat angled above the isthmi, slightly indented above each seed, rounded below and indented at the isthmi, 3–5 mm. long, 2.5–3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Seed ± oblong, 2.5–3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000177343 morphology 8752CDEB-AF65-4A8F-893C-DB74AA84B78D Fig. 65/12, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492059-1 wfo-0000086028 morphology 3A3DE4B9-B240-4EA0-877B-D6359C8B9AA2 Leaves subsessile, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, to 13.5 cm long and 3 cm wide, base cuneate to obtuse, margins crenate or crenulate or remotely dentate, apex rounded or obtuse, hispid or scabridulous above, grey-tomentose beneath with brown-tomentose veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259502-1 wfo-0000086028 morphology 3A3DE4B9-B240-4EA0-877B-D6359C8B9AA2 Capitula many in terminal clusters or large panicles; involucre 7–10 mm long; phyllaries spreading, linear-lanceolate with purplish aristate apices, 2–8 mm, woolly. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259502-1 wfo-0000086028 morphology 3A3DE4B9-B240-4EA0-877B-D6359C8B9AA2 Corolla purple, 5–8 mm long, lobes strigose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259502-1 wfo-0000086028 morphology 3A3DE4B9-B240-4EA0-877B-D6359C8B9AA2 Achenes 2–2.5 mm long, subcylindric to 4–5-angular, hispidulous; outer pappus of short linear scales or setae, inner pappus of white setae 7–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:259502-1 wfo-0000126242 morphology 2A43F384-5C8F-4F1C-9963-F6CB9BC229F1 Erect perennial herb 40–70 cm tall, with several stems from creeping rootstock; stems simple, rarely branched at apex, glabrous or with fine hairs just below insertion of leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201246-1 wfo-0000126242 morphology 2A43F384-5C8F-4F1C-9963-F6CB9BC229F1 Leaves rather crowded, narrowly lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 1.7–3.5 cm long, 0.2–1.4 cm wide, cuneate at base, subentire or remotely obscurely serrulate, acute or attenuate, glabrous or less often with scattered crispate hairs, glandular-punctate, 3-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201246-1 wfo-0000126242 morphology 2A43F384-5C8F-4F1C-9963-F6CB9BC229F1 Capitula terminal, solitary or rarely in lax 3–6-headed corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula absent or very short; involucre broadly hemispherical, 7–9 mm long, 7–20 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 4–5-seriate, purple-tinged in upper part, usually somewhat recurved at the apex, lanceolate, 2–8 mm long, glabrous or sometimes sericeous-pubescent in upper part or merely ciliate on margins; receptacular paleae numerous, similar to the inner phyllaries, sometimes expanded and hairy at the apex, apiculate or pungent, 7–9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201246-1 wfo-0000126242 morphology 2A43F384-5C8F-4F1C-9963-F6CB9BC229F1 Corolla purple, 6.5–8 mm long, lobes 2–3 mm long, pubescent with long fine hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201246-1 wfo-0000126242 morphology 2A43F384-5C8F-4F1C-9963-F6CB9BC229F1 Achenes (immature) 1.2–2 mm long, 5-ribbed, sparsely ascending-pilose; pappus double, outer of narrow oblong-lanceolate scales 2–2.5 mm long, inner of 5–6 scales or flattened setae 3–4.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67184 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201246-1 wfo-0000126242 morphology 2A43F384-5C8F-4F1C-9963-F6CB9BC229F1 Fig. 51. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67185 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201246-1 wfo-0000130781 morphology 5CDF9E6C-2BF5-4E5D-836C-34E85ED37F82 Perennial herb with annual stems from a small rootstock, 35–80 cm tall; stems rather densely leafy, glabrous or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67186 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201247-1 wfo-0000130781 morphology 5CDF9E6C-2BF5-4E5D-836C-34E85ED37F82 Leaves linear, 2–5.8 cm long, 0.7–1.5 mm wide, margins revolute, acute or apiculate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67187 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201247-1 wfo-0000130781 morphology 5CDF9E6C-2BF5-4E5D-836C-34E85ED37F82 Capitula 2–15 in lax terminal corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula slender, 1–8.5 cm long, glabrous; involucre cupuliform, 3–9 mm long, 3.5–12 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3-seriate, lanceolate, purple-tinged in upper part, 2–6.5 mm long, glabrous but ciliate; receptacular paleae few, similar to the inner phyllaries. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67188 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201247-1 wfo-0000130781 morphology 5CDF9E6C-2BF5-4E5D-836C-34E85ED37F82 Corolla purple or pale mauve, 4–6 mm long, lobes 2 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67189 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201247-1 wfo-0000130781 morphology 5CDF9E6C-2BF5-4E5D-836C-34E85ED37F82 Achenes 2–2.5 mm long, prismatic, 5-angled, shortly ascending-pubescent especially on the angles; pappus double, outer of 5–8 scales, 0.5–1.2 mm long, inner of 5–8 bristles, 1.5–1.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67190 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201247-1 wfo-0000074087 morphology 2172BE85-771F-4307-9D23-5C972EFD785E Stiffly erect perennial herb 40–80 cm tall; stems to 1 cm in diameter at base, densely leafy, glabrous; rootstock thick, with fleshy fusiform roots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67191 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175088-1 wfo-0000074087 morphology 2172BE85-771F-4307-9D23-5C972EFD785E Leaves sessile, parallel-veined, linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 12–25 cm long, 0.8–4 cm wide, base semi-amplexicaul, margins subentire or serrulate, apex acute or slightly obtuse, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67192 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175088-1 wfo-0000074087 morphology 2172BE85-771F-4307-9D23-5C972EFD785E Capitula solitary, terminal, sessile, surrounded by an outer involucre of overtopping leaves with wide sheathing bases; inner involucre 3–4 cm high, 3–5 cm wide; phyllaries 1–2-seriate, reddish, oblanceolate-oblong, 27–33 mm long, terminating in short slightly expanded membranous obtuse apically slightly erose appendages. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67193 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175088-1 wfo-0000074087 morphology 2172BE85-771F-4307-9D23-5C972EFD785E Corolla yellow or cream (Lisowski says red), 34–37 mm long, lobes 10 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67194 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175088-1 wfo-0000074087 morphology 2172BE85-771F-4307-9D23-5C972EFD785E Achenes 5–10 mm long, many-ribbed, densely pubescent; pappus without a distinct shorter outer series, 23–30 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67195 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175088-1 wfo-0000074087 morphology 2172BE85-771F-4307-9D23-5C972EFD785E Fig. 52. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67196 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175088-1 wfo-0000053109 morphology D470E729-FE5D-4324-8971-28FA371F51A2 Perennial herb 40–125 cm tall, with several annual, sometimes slightly woody, erect stems from a woody rootstock; rootstock with woody taproot; stems tufted, ascending, branching near apex, rather densely leafy, usually densely tomentose and glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67197 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175448-1 wfo-0000053109 morphology D470E729-FE5D-4324-8971-28FA371F51A2 Leaves alternate, rarely almost whorled, subsessile, overlapping, lanceolate, ovate or elliptic, 1.2–4.5 cm long, 0.4–1.8 cm wide, base cuneate, rounded or cordate into a short petioloid base, obscurely remotely denticulate or subentire, apex acuminate, apiculate, thinly pubescent and glabrescent to finely crispate-tomentose or sericeous-tomentose above, more densely so and silvery or pale grey or rarely almost glabrous except on the main veins beneath, glandular-punctate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175448-1 wfo-0000053109 morphology D470E729-FE5D-4324-8971-28FA371F51A2 Capitula usually numerous in rather dense small scorpioid clusters in moderately dense terminal compound corymbiform cymes; involucre obconic-hemispherical, 3–5 mm long, 2.5–6 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3–4-seriate, grey-green, purple near apex, oblong to lanceolate, 1–6.5 mm long, densely tomentose, recurving at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67199 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175448-1 wfo-0000053109 morphology D470E729-FE5D-4324-8971-28FA371F51A2 Corolla mauve, lilac or purple (once described as white), densely hairy on lobes and upper part of tube, 4–6.3 mm long, lobes 2–2.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67200 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175448-1 wfo-0000053109 morphology D470E729-FE5D-4324-8971-28FA371F51A2 Achenes 1.5–2.2 mm long, 4–5-angled, prismatic, glabrous or usually hairy on the angles at least towards the apex, often curved; pappus usually double, outer of 4–8 free or more or less connate shiny scales 0.5–1.3 mm long, inner pappus of fewer slightly longer flattened bristles, or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67201 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175448-1 wfo-0000053109 morphology D470E729-FE5D-4324-8971-28FA371F51A2 Fig. 53, p. 275. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67202 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:175448-1 wfo-0000010078 morphology D32A5296-B063-4AB6-B683-2BA904DB4858 Perennial herb with annual stems 7–40 cm tall from a woody rootstock; roots thong-like, swelling into tubers; stems solitary or 2–3 together, erect, pubescent with spreading crispate hairs and some T-shaped hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67203 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186164-1 wfo-0000010078 morphology D32A5296-B063-4AB6-B683-2BA904DB4858 Leaves sessile, ovate to oblanceolate, 2–7 cm long, 0.5–3 cm wide, base rounded to cuneate, apiculate-serrate or subentire, apex acute to briefly acuminate, scattered-pubescent above and beneath, glandular-punctate, the uppermost smaller and comparatively narrower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67204 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186164-1 wfo-0000010078 morphology D32A5296-B063-4AB6-B683-2BA904DB4858 Capitula solitary, terminal, 9–12 mm long, 14–20 mm in diameter; stalks of individual capitula crispate-pubescent; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, narrowly lanceolate, 5–10 mm long, purple-tinged towards the apex, attenuate, pungent, finely crispate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67205 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186164-1 wfo-0000010078 morphology D32A5296-B063-4AB6-B683-2BA904DB4858 Corolla purple, 9–10 mm long, lobes 3 mm long with short stiff hairs below the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67206 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186164-1 wfo-0000010078 morphology D32A5296-B063-4AB6-B683-2BA904DB4858 Achenes obovoid, 2–2.5 mm long, 4–5-ribbed, glabrous; pappus double, outer a low rim, inner of slightly flattened brown barbellate setae 0.7–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186164-1 wfo-0000010078 morphology D32A5296-B063-4AB6-B683-2BA904DB4858 Fig. 54/4–5, p. 279 urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186164-1 wfo-0000038965 morphology 8F837E99-C28E-4A79-A61B-88429CF36B1D Subscapose perennial herb 40–120 cm tall; stems with sparse crispate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186167-1 wfo-0000038965 morphology 8F837E99-C28E-4A79-A61B-88429CF36B1D Leaves mostly radical or subradical, elliptic or oblanceolate, 4–8 cm long, 0.6–2.2 cm wide, base attenuate or cuneate, serrate or crenulate-serrulate, apex acute, shortly crispate-pubescent above and especially on veins beneath, the stem leaves smaller, relatively few and rapidly decreasing in size up the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186167-1 wfo-0000038965 morphology 8F837E99-C28E-4A79-A61B-88429CF36B1D Capitula more or less congested in small clusters in dense to somewhat lax terminal compound corymbiform cymes; stalks of individual capitula densely crispate-pubescent, bracteolate, bracteoles linear, pubescent; involucre obconic, 5–7 mm long, 3–5 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries lanceolate, 3–8 mm long, purplish in the upper part, erect or recurving, attenuate or filiform-attenuate, pungent, shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186167-1 wfo-0000038965 morphology 8F837E99-C28E-4A79-A61B-88429CF36B1D Corolla purple, 9 mm long, lobes 3 mm long, with a few short apical hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186167-1 wfo-0000038965 morphology 8F837E99-C28E-4A79-A61B-88429CF36B1D Achenes (immature) angled, 1.8 mm long, slightly pubescent; pappus double, outer of short free triangular laciniate scales 0.8 mm long, inner of brownish, shortly barbellate flattened setae 2–2.3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186167-1 wfo-0000036168 morphology BBC58704-401E-4A7A-9152-019C918AEC94 Perennial herb 30–170 cm tall, with one to several annual stems from a short woody rootstock; root-crown pale brown-lanate; roots long, spreading, fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945389-1 wfo-0000036168 morphology BBC58704-401E-4A7A-9152-019C918AEC94 Leaves sessile, lanceolate to broadly ovate or obovate, 3–15.5 cm long, 0.8–7 cm wide, cordate, broadly cuneate or cuneate-attenuate at the base, obscurely to coarsely serrate, apex acute, scabridulous above, scabridulous to shortly finely crispate-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945389-1 wfo-0000036168 morphology BBC58704-401E-4A7A-9152-019C918AEC94 Capitula in terminal or terminal and upper axillary compact to lax scorpioid corymbiform cymes, shortly pedicellate, solitary to densely clustered with ascending crispate hairs; involucre ovoid to obconic-cylindrical, 6–11 mm long, 2.5–10 mm in diameter at flowering time; phyllaries 3–5-seriate, lanceolate, 2–8.5 mm long, outer and median usually recurving at least at the apices, thinly pubescent, darker in centre towards the apex and purplish at the margins in upper part; inner purplish and fimbriate-pectinate on upper margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945389-1 wfo-0000036168 morphology BBC58704-401E-4A7A-9152-019C918AEC94 Florets many; corolla 6.5–7.5 mm long, purple or mauve, lobes 1.5–2.5 mm long, with stiff hairs at the apex and often with fine hairs along their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945389-1 wfo-0000036168 morphology BBC58704-401E-4A7A-9152-019C918AEC94 Achenes prismatic (3–)4-angled, 2.2–3 mm long, glabrous or almost so; pappus double, outer persistent, membranous, coroniform, lacerate, 0.4–0.6 mm long, inner of brown caducous flattened barbellate setae 1.5–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945389-1 wfo-0000036168 morphology BBC58704-401E-4A7A-9152-019C918AEC94 Fig. 54/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945389-1 wfo-0000016774 morphology 4D61DAAD-D109-4403-AAE8-FB74F808155E Perennial herb, subscapose, with long fibrous roots, woody rootstock and rosette of leaves; stems 1–several, arising from the basal rosette, pilose with patent or ascending hairs, 0.2–1.5 m tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202958-1 wfo-0000016774 morphology 4D61DAAD-D109-4403-AAE8-FB74F808155E Basal leaves oblanceolate or elliptic, 6–60 cm long, 1.5–10 cm wide, attenuate into a petioloid base, this often reddish, the very base shortly clasping the stem, minutely denticulate or crenulate-serrulate, apex acute to obtuse; stem leaves few, sessile, lanceolate to panduriform, clasping the stem, 3–17 cm long, 0.7–5 cm wide, grading into the conduplicate inflorescence bracts; all leaves thinly to densely pilose above and beneath, often feeling scabridulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202958-1 wfo-0000016774 morphology 4D61DAAD-D109-4403-AAE8-FB74F808155E Capitula crowded in glomerules 1–3 cm in diameter; glomerules in terminal lax corymbiform bracteate cymes; stalks of glomerules 3–11 cm long; outer bracts of glomerules 3–5, pale green with white hairs, ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate, 0.6–2.6 cm long, acuminate; phyllaries lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 6.3–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202958-1 wfo-0000016774 morphology 4D61DAAD-D109-4403-AAE8-FB74F808155E Corolla subligulate with deep adaxial sinus and 4 shorter abaxial sinuses between the lobes, mauve, pale mauve to white, 3.8–7 mm long, lobes 1.3–2.5 mm long, glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202958-1 wfo-0000016774 morphology 4D61DAAD-D109-4403-AAE8-FB74F808155E Achenes fusiform, 10-ribbed, 2.8–4 mm long, shortly ascending-pubescent; pappus scales lanceolate, (5–)7–10, attenuate, 1.2–4.8(–6) mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202958-1 wfo-0000016774 morphology 4D61DAAD-D109-4403-AAE8-FB74F808155E Fig. 55. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202958-1 wfo-0000012549 morphology B95EB40B-74CE-4482-948C-47654B74BDEB Perennial herb with a few basal leaves and leafy annual stems, 40–85 cm high, from a small vertical woody rootstock; stems solitary, sparsely hispid with spreading and ascending hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202942-1 wfo-0000012549 morphology B95EB40B-74CE-4482-948C-47654B74BDEB Leaves subsessile, oblanceolate or broadly so, 6.5–15(–26) cm long, 2–5(–7) cm wide, cuneate to attenuate into a petioloid base, the very base clasping and ± sheathing the stem, crenate-serrate or serrulate, acute, sparsely scabridulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202942-1 wfo-0000012549 morphology B95EB40B-74CE-4482-948C-47654B74BDEB Glomerules 1–2 cm in diameter, numerous in lax thysoid compound cymes; inflorescence branches slender, ascending, bearing elliptic reduced leaves at the nodes; outer bracts of glomerules 2–5, broadly ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, 0.7–1.2 cm long; involucre to 10 mm long; phyllaries 8, lanceolate, acute, 6.5–9.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202942-1 wfo-0000012549 morphology B95EB40B-74CE-4482-948C-47654B74BDEB Corolla white, 5–6 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202942-1 wfo-0000012549 morphology B95EB40B-74CE-4482-948C-47654B74BDEB Achenes 3–4 mm long, 10-ribbed, finely ascending-pubescent; pappus of 5–6 setae expanded at the very base, 4–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202942-1 wfo-0000071199 morphology 5EB4EEB4-E8AF-4DD3-ADC7-37DAD4470054 Tough stiff herb, 30–50 cm high; stems pilose, leafy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30064410-2 wfo-0000071199 morphology 5EB4EEB4-E8AF-4DD3-ADC7-37DAD4470054 Leaves oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 3–12 cm long, 0.4–2.4 cm wide, attenuate into a sheathing base, obscurely serrate or crenate, obtuse, scattered-pilose, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30064410-2 wfo-0000071199 morphology 5EB4EEB4-E8AF-4DD3-ADC7-37DAD4470054 Inflorescences thyrsoid, the ultimate axes spiciform, with the glomerules small (2–3 mm in diameter), sessile in the axils of small leaf-like bracts, 1–2-capitulate; phyllaries lanceolate, acute, apiculate, white at base and on the margins, green centrally in upper part, 8–8.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30064410-2 wfo-0000071199 morphology 5EB4EEB4-E8AF-4DD3-ADC7-37DAD4470054 Corolla white, 6–8 mm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30064410-2 wfo-0000071199 morphology 5EB4EEB4-E8AF-4DD3-ADC7-37DAD4470054 Achenes 3–5 mm long, 10-ribbed, shortly ascending-pubescent; pappus of 3–4 basally flattened setae, the longest 2 each folded back and forward on itself in the upper part, 4–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30064410-2 wfo-0000136707 morphology 2BD31788-5509-4FC5-8274-5A535F3F8D0B Herb 17–100 cm tall; rootstock small, woody; stems finely ascending-pubescent, leafy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202959-1 wfo-0000136707 morphology 2BD31788-5509-4FC5-8274-5A535F3F8D0B Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 6–15 cm long, 0.8–1.5 cm wide, sessile with sheathing base, subentire, acute, finely pilose and scabridulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202959-1 wfo-0000136707 morphology 2BD31788-5509-4FC5-8274-5A535F3F8D0B Glomerules solitary (rarely in pairs or 3) and terminal, 3–3.5 cm in diameter, surrounded by numerous bracts resembling reduced leaves, the bracts to 3 cm long; involucre 10–13 mm long, with 3–4 florets; phyllaries lanceolate, 7.5–9.2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202959-1 wfo-0000136707 morphology 2BD31788-5509-4FC5-8274-5A535F3F8D0B Corolla white or white with slight pink tinge, 8.5–10 mm long, lobes 1.5–1.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202959-1 wfo-0000136707 morphology 2BD31788-5509-4FC5-8274-5A535F3F8D0B Achenes 3–4 mm long, setulose; pappus straw-coloured, 6–8.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:202959-1 wfo-0000058736 morphology C139FBCC-66AF-49DF-8B89-1A888E156C1F Leaf more than 8 cm wide, margins spiny-dentate, scabridulous-puberulous above, pale pubescent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67246 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225649-1 wfo-0000058736 morphology C139FBCC-66AF-49DF-8B89-1A888E156C1F Capitula 5–6-flowered; involucre 5–7-seriate, 9–10 mm long, cylindrical with outer phyllaries spreading, inner erect; phyllaries ovate and ending in a stiff spine, 5–6 mm long, with some whitish tomentum especially at base of spine on inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67247 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225649-1 wfo-0000058736 morphology C139FBCC-66AF-49DF-8B89-1A888E156C1F Corolla with glabrous lobes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67248 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225649-1 wfo-0000058736 morphology C139FBCC-66AF-49DF-8B89-1A888E156C1F Achenes ovoid, 3–3.5 mm long, 8-ribbed, sparsely pubescent; outer pappus of ± 12 ovate to lanceolate scales 0.4–0.9 mm long, inner of ± 12 linear-lanceolate scales 4.5–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67249 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225649-1 wfo-0000058736 morphology C139FBCC-66AF-49DF-8B89-1A888E156C1F Pollen echinate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67250 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225649-1 wfo-0000058736 morphology C139FBCC-66AF-49DF-8B89-1A888E156C1F Fig. 56. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67251 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:225649-1 wfo-0000017211 morphology 91C10841-C9C6-4A37-A2AE-6B30B6E5A16A Is an annual or perennial herb to 60 cm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178726-1 wfo-0000017211 morphology 91C10841-C9C6-4A37-A2AE-6B30B6E5A16A Large white or pink ray florets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178726-1 wfo-0000017211 morphology 91C10841-C9C6-4A37-A2AE-6B30B6E5A16A The achenes have 2 deep grooves on one side. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178726-1 wfo-0000017211 ecology 91C10841-C9C6-4A37-A2AE-6B30B6E5A16A It is an occasional garden escape or a weed in wheat urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178726-1 wfo-0000014319 morphology 1A515A8B-6F7F-4F49-BAFA-6F562CDBB872 Perennial scapose herb with a woody rootstock, occurring in dense mats. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211429-1 wfo-0000014319 morphology 1A515A8B-6F7F-4F49-BAFA-6F562CDBB872 Leaves elliptic or obovate in outline, 4–7 cm long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, shallowly to deeply pinnatifid; lobes ovate-oblong, irregularly toothed and apiculate, very sparsely arachnose and multicellular-hairy above, felted beneath; petiole 2–4.2 cm long, ± flat, widening to clasping base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211429-1 wfo-0000014319 morphology 1A515A8B-6F7F-4F49-BAFA-6F562CDBB872 Scape up to 4 cm long bearing one capitulum; capitula 0.5–1(–2.5) cm diameter; involucre 3-seriate; phyllaries spatulate, lanceolate or ovate, 5–6 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, the inner phyllaries with scarious margins, often stained purple; all phyllaries densely arachnose on outer surface, glabrous within; receptacle fringed by scales resembling those of the pappus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211429-1 wfo-0000014319 morphology 1A515A8B-6F7F-4F49-BAFA-6F562CDBB872 Ray florets (4–)8–12, yellow, spreading, obovate, tubular for 1/3 of their length, with 2–3 apical teeth and 4 veins, 3–5 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide; outer surface of floret arachnose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211429-1 wfo-0000014319 morphology 1A515A8B-6F7F-4F49-BAFA-6F562CDBB872 Disc florets 8–15, urn-shaped, yellow, 3–3.5 mm long, divided into lobes for 1/3 or more of the floret length, lobes reflexed or spreading, base of widest part of floret with long arachnose hairs, tube of floret shortly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211429-1 wfo-0000014319 morphology 1A515A8B-6F7F-4F49-BAFA-6F562CDBB872 Achenes turbinate, 2–3 mm long, 1.2–2 mm wide, 4–5-costate, transversely rugose, glabrous; pappus partially united, reflexed, and falling as achenes develop, scales ovate, up to 0.5 mm long, long-acuminate, laciniate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211429-1 wfo-0000034661 morphology 1B1F8DB8-880C-40A4-AB9B-6A7DE59A1CBF Perennial scapose herb; tap-root woody, over 1 cm diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211433-1 wfo-0000034661 morphology 1B1F8DB8-880C-40A4-AB9B-6A7DE59A1CBF Leaves subpetiolate, linear to elliptic, broadly ovate or obovate, 6–30 cm long, 1.5–7 cm wide, decurrent or tapering into petiole, base clasping, entire, sinuate or crenate, occasionally irregularly toothed in lower half, or with remote large shallow teeth, acute to obtuse or rounded, glabrous or hairy or arachnose and hairy above, rough in texture, densely white-felted beneath; petiole 1.2–11 cm long, flat, ± winged, widening at base (up to 2 cm wide) and clasping, or leaf subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211433-1 wfo-0000034661 morphology 1B1F8DB8-880C-40A4-AB9B-6A7DE59A1CBF Scape leafless, 14.5–44 cm long, variably hairy, usually bearing one capitulum but very rarely branched; capitula 2–6 cm diameter; involucre 3–4-seriate; phyllaries ovate, oblong or lanceolate, 3.5–11 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, acute or obtuse, ± erose, with scarious margins, central zone veined, arachnose or hairy, the inner often glabrous; receptacle a shallow dome, pitted, walls of pits irregular, shallow but occasionally produced into larger teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211433-1 wfo-0000034661 morphology 1B1F8DB8-880C-40A4-AB9B-6A7DE59A1CBF Ray florets 15–30, yellow, staminodes present, linear or obovate tapering to a narrow tube which is approximately 1/9 the length of the floret, 6–23 mm long, 1.5–3.5 mm wide, apical teeth 2–3, veins 3–4(–7), outer surface of florets with few to many dark or golden setae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211433-1 wfo-0000034661 morphology 1B1F8DB8-880C-40A4-AB9B-6A7DE59A1CBF Disc florets 100–160, orange, funnel-shaped, 4–6 mm long, 1–1.25 mm wide, sparsely hairy, divided into spreading to reflexed lobes for approximately 1/4 of the floret-length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211433-1 wfo-0000034661 morphology 1B1F8DB8-880C-40A4-AB9B-6A7DE59A1CBF Achene turbinate, at least 2 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide, 5-costate, short to long silky-hairy, hairs originating at base of achene and concealing it, up to 3.5 mm long, otherwise achene smooth, glabrous; pappus biseriate of 9–23 erect, awl-shaped to ovate, long-acuminate, entire, golden-brown shining scales, the inner series with excurrent midrib 5 mm long, the outer (oblong) series rounded at the apex, 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211433-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Perennial scapose or occasionally escapose herb occurring in dense mats; roots many, thick and almost tuberous, rootstock 1–2 cm diameter at ground level; rosettes variably arachnose at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Leaves petiolate, dark shiny green, ± fleshy, ovate or lanceolate to obovate, rhombic or suborbicular, 2–13 cm long, 1–7.5 cm wide, base cuneate, rounded or cordate, entire to crenate with a few minute spines, or bi–tri-crenate with spinescent teeth, or shallowly irregularly dentate, bidentate, serrate or very deeply toothed (almost lobed), apex ± acute, obtuse or rounded, glabrous to densely hairy and/or arachnose above, densely arachnose and felted beneath; petiole pinkish, somewhat flattened, slightly winged, 1–11 cm long with clasping base sometimes widening to 8 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Scapes several to a rosette, pinkish, leafless, slender, erect to 13 cm, swollen or not beneath the solitary capitulum, felted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Capitula 1.5–5 cm diameter; involucre 2–3(–4)-seriate; phyllaries linear to narrowly ovate or obovate, 4–12 mm long, 1–3 mm wide, with scarious margins, sparsely to densely hairy; receptacle 3–4 mm diameter, a somewhat hollowed shallow dome with or without erose scales. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Ray florets 8–16, yellow, spreading, ovate, elliptic or obovate, tubular for approximately 1/9 or more the length of the floret, 1–2.4 cm long, 2–6 mm wide, entire or with 1–3(–4) apical teeth and 4–5(–8) veins, glabrous or with scattered multicellular hairs on outer surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Disc florets(11–)20–40 per capitulum, yellow, urn-shaped, 3.5–7 mm long, divided into reflexed or spreading lobes for 1/3 of their length, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Achenes not embedded in receptacle, turbinate or oblong, 3–4-costate, at least 3 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, smooth with minute wrinkles, glabrous; pappus uniseriate, scales 0.5–1 mm long, free in ray florets, partially united in disc florets, 12–15 partite, erect, awl-shaped, ovate, long-acuminate, laciniate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000013988 morphology 4AD6929E-5929-4F14-98A2-572A64E1F149 Fig. 57. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211426-1 wfo-0000135115 morphology 0D939C39-BA43-4A8D-8C89-0C69A5C84E5E Perennial (or ?biennial) erect thistle-like herb to 3 m, aromatic, with many thick unbranched roots from base of stem; stems several, branched, hollow, variably tomentose, rarely glabrous, whitish or dark brown with pale lenticels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184516-1 wfo-0000135115 morphology 0D939C39-BA43-4A8D-8C89-0C69A5C84E5E Leaves sessile, becoming less divided upwards, 5.2–22(–30) cm long, (0.3–)1.7–12(–18.5) cm wide; lower leaves congested forming a pseudo-rosette, lanceolate or occasionally obovate, base clasping and/or auricled with many stout marginal spines up to 7 mm long, not revolute, toothed or shallowly to deeply divided with large triangular lobes, dentate, teeth themselves toothed and spiny with pale green to yellow or brown spines (1–)4(–6) mm long, acute spinescent, occasionally obtuse or rounded (in cultivated material); upper leaves linear to lanceolate, pinnatifid, bipinnatifid or broadly triangular-lobed or toothed, lobes contiguous, each tooth with 1 or 2 secondary teeth and all spinescent with usually 2–3 smaller spines between them, deep dull green above, grey to white beneath; sparsely to densely hairy (and sometimes glandular) and occasionally sparsely arachnose above, felted beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184516-1 wfo-0000135115 morphology 0D939C39-BA43-4A8D-8C89-0C69A5C84E5E Capitula terminal and axillary in a paniculate or subcorymbose inflorescence, often congested, eradiate, urn-shaped, 1.5–2.5 cm diameter; involucre of 3–4 series of ± spreading foliaceous yellow-green phyllaries with pale strongly marked ribs and pale margins, narrowly triangular or narrowly ovate, 6–15 mm long, 1–2 mm wide, entire to sinuate-spiny, acute spinescent, ± hairy, rarely glabrescent; receptacle a shallow dome or more often ± flat, about 7 mm diameter; pits 1 mm deep with erose walls produced into scales 1–2 mm long, 0.25–0.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184516-1 wfo-0000135115 morphology 0D939C39-BA43-4A8D-8C89-0C69A5C84E5E Disc florets white or white tinged purple, 5.5–8 mm long, divided for approximately 1/2 the length into erect ± acute lobes about 3 mm long with scattered gland-tipped hairs, tube with longer hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184516-1 wfo-0000135115 morphology 0D939C39-BA43-4A8D-8C89-0C69A5C84E5E Achenes broadly turbinate, up to 3 mm long, with surface resembling maize-cob or capped honeycomb, sticky when bruised, with 6–10 prominent ribs, sparsely hairy; pappus uni- or sub-biseriate, of 17–25 oblong obovate or triangular glabrous often purple scales up to 1.5 mm long, rounded and obtuse, fimbriate or deeply erose in upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184516-1 wfo-0000011630 morphology 8F5960EF-2683-4961-B16D-57DB32D68E75 Perennial shrubby thistle-like herb to 2.5 m, sometimes aromatic, with stout woody rootstock; stems erect, little- to much-branched; stems striped vertically with purplish violet, hairy, sometimes also arachnose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184632-1 wfo-0000011630 morphology 8F5960EF-2683-4961-B16D-57DB32D68E75 Leaves sessile, crowded but evenly spaced along stem with a pseudo-rosette of basal leaves broader in proportion to their length than stem leaves, linear-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, sometimes deeply lobed or toothed halfway to midrib, 3.3–20 cm long, 0.3–3 cm wide, often narrowing to base, becoming subpetiolate and decurrent, clasping, margins subrevolute, spiny to remotely spinose or spinose-dentate with 2–3 pale brown spines 3–7 mm long to each tooth, and with shorter fine intermediate spines, dark green and pilose and/or sparsely arachnose, usually with scattered short stout yellow spines above, white-felted beneath, margins sometimes stained red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184632-1 wfo-0000011630 morphology 8F5960EF-2683-4961-B16D-57DB32D68E75 Capitula forming a subcorymbose inflorescence, occasionally solitary, 2–6 cm in diameter, broadly urn-shaped; involucre of 3–4 series of spreading green foliaceous phyllaries, closing at fruiting stage, often tipped purple and with yellow-brown spines, linear-lanceolate, 6–20(–27) mm long, 1–3 mm wide, long-acuminate, tomentose; receptacle domed, ± 10 mm diameter, receptacular pits with erose margins irregularly produced into flattened spines up to 7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184632-1 wfo-0000011630 morphology 8F5960EF-2683-4961-B16D-57DB32D68E75 Ray florets yellow, elliptic to lanceolate, tubular at base for ± 1/4 of the floret length, 1.1–3 cm long, 2–3.5 mm wide with 2–5 teeth at apex and 5–10 veins, outer surface with scattered hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184632-1 wfo-0000011630 morphology 8F5960EF-2683-4961-B16D-57DB32D68E75 Disc florets orange-yellow, narrowly funnel-shaped, 6–10 mm long, lobes erect, 2.7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184632-1 wfo-0000011630 morphology 8F5960EF-2683-4961-B16D-57DB32D68E75 Achenes embedded in receptacular pits, long-turbinate, up to 3.5 mm long, sparsely hairy, slightly sticky; pappus scarious, sub-biseriate, composed of 15–27 obovate scales, 1.25–2 mm long ± rounded, finely and shallowly erose in upper half. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184632-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Tufted, rush-like, scapose perennial without leafy stems (scape with 1–4 reduced leaves); rootstock woody with many secondary roots; root-crown densely long-hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Leaves mostly basal, erect, arcuate, filiform-linear, basal ones 10–25 cm long, 1.5–3 mm wide, widening at membranous clasping base and tapering to acute apex, entire, usually revolute, glabrous or with scattered hairs above, especially towards apex, sometimes with raised dots (? hair bases), usually white-felted beneath, midrib with occasional 3 mm long setae; cauline leaves only 1–3 cm long, otherwise like the basal ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Scape 2.5–17 cm long, 2–5-bracteate, bracts up to 2.8 cm long, 1.5 mm wide, supporting a solitary capitulum, arachnose and/or long setose with long soft weak bristles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Capitula showy, 1.6–4 cm diameter; involucre 4-seriate, of many phyllaries (± 23), these awl-shaped, very narrowly ovate to ovate, 6–12 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, setose and/or arachnose outside, with long hairs on margins at the base, the inner ones with broader hyaline margins, outermost phyllaries free, the rest partially united; receptacle alveolate, each pit surrounded by an irregularly toothed scarious wall, sometimes swollen beneath capitulum. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Ray florets yellow, obovate or broadly elliptic, tubular for 1/5–1/6 of their length, with 2–4 apical teeth, much exceeding the involucral bracts, 10–20 mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide, veins 5–8; outer surface of floret minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Disc florets bisexual, yellow, funnel-shaped, divided into 5–6 lobes for 1/3 or more of the floret length, lobes ± erect, linear, floret 5–7 mm long, glabrous or minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Achenes (immature) densely hairy with hairs up to 4 mm long concealing the achene; pappus uniseriate, scales partially united, narrowly obovate, fimbriate, almost ciliate, 0.5–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000124715 morphology 92F3DEFF-502B-4A6F-B12C-0C4A4B9175E2 Fig. 59/13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224931-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Annual or short-lived perennial herb (5–)30–80 cm tall, much-branched, often prostrate or sometimes shrubby; tap-root long, woody; stem purple-brown, sparsely arachnose and setose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Leaves largest towards base where sometimes congested into a pseudo-rosette, linear or narrowly lanceolate and entire, or lanceolate to ovate or obovate (with upper cauline leaves linear) and variously lobed or pinnatifid, up to 10.5 cm long, 3.5 cm wide, subpetiolate and long-tapering to clasping base, lobes linear or broader, broadly rounded, the top lobe the largest and ovate or elliptic and up to 1.3 cm long, 5.5 mm wide, apex spinescent and/or obtuse to rounded, margins entire to lobed, crenate to pinnatifid, revolute, with a few long setae 2–4.5 mm long at the base, variably setose above, white-felted beneath with setose midrib. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Inflorescence unbranched, capitula terminal, solitary on main stem and most branches with stem usually leafless close to capitulum, conspicuous, 7–37 mm diameter; involucre funnel-form, phyllaries 3–4-seriate, grey-green with purplish tip, darker green veins and a strongly marked midrib, connate for at least 1/2 of their length, awl-shaped, apex long-spinescent, margin closely minutely toothed, 5–23 mm long, 0.5–2 mm wide, variably arachnose with long setae on the midrib; receptacular scales united into deeply erose walls, 1.5 mm in height. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Ray florets lemon-yellow or orange, often with purple stain outside, elliptic or obovate, tubular for 1/4–1/3 of their length, 9–28 mm long, 0.75–5 mm wide, with 3–4 apical teeth, veins 5, glabrous or minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Disc florets bisexual, yellow or orange, lobed for up to 1/2 the floret length, lobes erect to spreading, 1.5–3 mm long, floret narrowly funnel-shaped, 3.5–6 mm long, glabrous or minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Achenes enclosed by pit walls, turbinate (immature), 1.5–4 mm long, 6–10-costate with minute vesicles scattered over the surface and with dense white or straw-coloured silky hairs of varying lengths up to 4 mm long, concealing the achene; pappus biseriate, enlarging as the achene develops, inner series a tuft of 7–10 erect scales within 9–12 more spreading outer scales, these linear-lanceolate or ovate, 2–8 mm long, 0.75–2 mm wide, acuminate, erose to tip, inner scales linear, obovate or ovate, 1–1.3 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, truncate or rounded, erose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000012321 morphology 1621F2D2-E8FD-495F-82AE-9178ABCB3AEB Fig. 59/1–12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224936-1 wfo-0000011185 morphology 961DBBBF-7305-4945-8F2A-BC08E06EB2D0 Robust, strongly hispid and scabrid perennial 30–70 cm high, rootstock swollen, woody; stems annual, unbranched or with few stiff erect branches, densely covered with robust, conical-based bristles 1–3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224932-1 wfo-0000011185 morphology 961DBBBF-7305-4945-8F2A-BC08E06EB2D0 Leaves sessile, often decreasing in size upwards, linear to linear-oblanceolate, 3–14 cm long, 0.3–0.8 cm wide, usually tapering at base and widened at extreme base, entire, revolute, acute or broadly acute to obtuse, with bristles above and on margin like the stem, whitish-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224932-1 wfo-0000011185 morphology 961DBBBF-7305-4945-8F2A-BC08E06EB2D0 Capitula terminal on main stem and branches, solitary, showy, 2–3(–4) cm diameter, without distinct leafless stalk; involucre obconical, ± 4–5-seriate but outer phyllaries intergrading with uppermost reduced leaves and leaf-like, free for most of length, linear to awl-shaped up to 20(–23) mm long, 1.3 mm wide, long-setose on margin and inner surface, acute and spine-tipped, reddish-tomentose outside, inner phyllaries membranous, awl-shaped, 12–17 mm long, 3 mm wide at base, acute, margins minutely toothed; receptacle with deep pits each surrounded by united erose scales up to 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224932-1 wfo-0000011185 morphology 961DBBBF-7305-4945-8F2A-BC08E06EB2D0 Ray florets yellow, often purplish-tipped outside, tubular for ± 1/3 length, 16–25 mm long, 0.7–1 mm wide, with 2–3 apical teeth, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224932-1 wfo-0000011185 morphology 961DBBBF-7305-4945-8F2A-BC08E06EB2D0 Disc florets yellow, lobed for 1/6–1/4 of their length, 6–8 mm long, lobes linear, rounded, ± 1.5 mm long, minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224932-1 wfo-0000011185 morphology 961DBBBF-7305-4945-8F2A-BC08E06EB2D0 Achenes narrowly turbinate, 4–6 mm long, densely long-hairy throughout length, hairs of varying length, at least some as long as pappus; pappus uniseriate, free, of ± 10 pale brownish-hyaline oblong-lanceolate scales 4–6 mm long, fimbriate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224932-1 wfo-0000066213 morphology 060AF180-C4DC-4334-9251-A66C90B8D7A5 Slender, erect annual, 10–50 cm high, usually with a much-branched inflorescence, occasionally a bushy plant with congested branches; taproot slender; stems sparsely arachnose and setose, with ascending scale-like bristles up to 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224941-1 wfo-0000066213 morphology 060AF180-C4DC-4334-9251-A66C90B8D7A5 Leaves sessile, decreasing upwards in size, linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, sometimes arcuate and contorted, 4.8–6 cm long, 1.5–3 mm wide, tapering to a pseudo-petiole and a clasping base or widening to base, obtuse, often spinescent, entire, sometimes revolute, setose along margins with longer setae at base and shorter setose hairs towards tip, green with short robust setae above, whitish-lanate beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224941-1 wfo-0000066213 morphology 060AF180-C4DC-4334-9251-A66C90B8D7A5 Capitula heterogamous, terminal, solitary or ± racemose on main stems and longer branches, or ± laxly clustered, each usually with distinct leafless stalk above uppermost leaves, ovoid, 7–10 mm diameter; involucre 3–4-seriate, obconical, phyllaries stiff, erect, green with purplish tips, connate for at least 1/2 their length, awl-shaped, 4–8 mm long, 0.5–1 mm wide, acute, inner phyllaries broader with free part triangular; all acuminate and often spinescent, setose and/or arachnose outside, margins short-setose or denticulate; receptacle minute with united erose scales up to 2.5 mm long, forming walls round the achenes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224941-1 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Flowers regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Sepals 2, slightly unequal, the outer overlapping both margins of the inner, free or basally connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Petals (3–)4–5(–12), free or basally connate, sometimes adnate to the ovary base, usually conspicuous but fugacious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Stamens 3–numerous, often adherent to the petals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Ovary superior or (in Portulaca) partly inferior, with 2–5 carpels, unilocular, placentation free-central or basal, ovules few to many; style simple; stigma capitate or branched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Fruit a capsule, circumscissile or dehiscing longitudinally, rarely indehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000493 morphology E1615DDA-2D6B-4D15-A9E3-4493E2E2ABEF Seeds 1 to many on long persistent funicles, black or brown with a pale aril (in Flora area), often glossy or with a metallic sheen, embryo curved, testa smooth or concentrically ornamented urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000177-2 wfo-7000000344 morphology C81F333F-854A-4986-9A27-C9AE38509FB9 Terrestrial, lithophytic, epiphytic or hemi-epiphytic ferns urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007469-2 wfo-7000000344 morphology C81F333F-854A-4986-9A27-C9AE38509FB9 Rhizomes short- to long-creeping or climbing, clothed with scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30007469-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes achlorophyllous & mycotrophic, or shrubs or rarely small trees, with colourless bitter iridoid compounds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Stems decumbent to erect, simple or branched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Leaves simple, opposite, seldom whorled or alternate (some Swertia spp.), scale-like in mycotrophic species (>i>Voyria, >i>Voyriella), entire; stipules 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Flowers solitary or inflorescences cymose (rarely racemose), crowded into fascicles or ± globose heads, rarely verticillate (>i>Enicostema) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Flowers bisexual, regular, 3–5(–12)-merous, often heterostylous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Calyx lobes united or ± free, persistent, with a single or more rows of colleters at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Corolla lobes united, persistent or deciduous, often with scales or nectary-pits within the ± elongate tube, contorted or imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Stamens epipetalous, as many as and alternating with the corolla lobes; anthers with longitudinal slits, rarely with terminal pores (in >i>Exacum) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Gynoecium bicarpellate, with nectary-disk or glands, superior, 1-celled, placentae parietal, often intruding, rarely 2-celled with axile placentae or 1-loculed with free-central placenta, ovules few to ± numerous; style terminal with entire, two-lobed or papillose stigma or rarely with decurrent stigma (>i>Lomatogonium) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Fruit a septicidal capsule, rarely a berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 morphology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Seeds with small, straight embryo & copious oily endosperm or undifferentiated embryo & scanty endosperm in mycotrophic genera urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000243 cytology 1C7BD12F-7645-441C-A2CE-9116F8B97218 Chromosome number: x = 5–13 (and multiples thereof) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000253-2 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Trees or shrubs with indumentum of stellate, long unbranched and glandular hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Leaves alternate, distichous, petiolate, cordate at the base, palmately nerved, serrate; stipules (where known) filiform or leafy and peltate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Inflorescences supra-axillary with 1–few pedicellate usually hermaphrodite flowers in clusters urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Sepals (4–)5(–7), valvate, with ± spreading tips, joined at base to form a saucer-shaped or cupular tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Petals (4–)5(–7), free, imbricate and ± crumpled in bud, often exceeding the calyx, thin, falling urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Stamens numerous with filiform filaments, free or nearly so; anthers of 2 thecae, sometimes versatile, fixed at or near the base of the connective, dehiscing by longitudinal slits, sometimes only apically urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Ovary superior to inferior, syncarpous, 5–many locular but sometimes unilocular at apex; placentae (where known) lobed, pendulous with numerous anatropous ovules; style thick, or sometimes ± lacking; stigma thick, lobed-sulcate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000397 morphology 384AFA55-B028-4D7F-B2DA-544F70540FFA Fruit a berry with numerous small seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:999706-1 wfo-7000000489 morphology EBD60FF9-A282-4D8A-9C2F-03743D40204F Terrestrial, epiphytic or less often on rocks urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000471-2 wfo-7000000489 morphology EBD60FF9-A282-4D8A-9C2F-03743D40204F Rhizomes short to long and creeping with basifixed pseudopeltate or peltate clathrate opaque or hyaline entire toothed or ciliate scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000471-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Perennial scandent or erect shrubs or subshrubs, branching; rhizomes sympodial from where the branches are growing; roots often swollen and fusiform urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Spines present or absent; when present these are formed usually from the reduced leaves, occasionally from branches urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Leaves normally reduced and scale-like, the assimilating function taken by modified green branches (cladodes); in some genera the branches are transformed into flattened, leaf-like cladodes (phylloclades) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Cladodes solitary or fascicled, subulate, angled or linear urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Inflorescence axillary or terminal, solitary, fascicled or assembled in racemes or “ umbels” urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Flowers unisexual or bisexual, actinomorphic, small, erect or pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Perianth with 6 tepals in two series, all similar in shape, free or fused at the base, white, cream, yellow or green urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Stamens 6, in two series, fused to the perianth segments, present both in unisexual and bisexual flowers, non-functional in female unisexual flowers; filaments free from each other, anthers introrse, dorsifixed; pollen grains sulcate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Pistil with 3 carpels united to form a 2– 3-locular ovary with 1– 12 ovules in each locule; placentation axile; style short with capitate or lobed stigma urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Fruit a globose berry with 1– 2(– 3) seeds urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 morphology 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Seeds black, globose or truncate on one side, convex on the other urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000050 distribution 14A65660-A342-486C-B392-3FD3ABFBCF06 Family represented by the genus Asparagus with two subgenera, subgenus >i>Asparagus and subgenus >i>Myrsiphyllum (S.T. Malcomber & Sebsebe Demissew in Kew Bull. 48(1): 63– 78 (1993)). The members are widely distributed in the old world. Most species are found in arid tropical regions and Mediterranean climates urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30275682-2 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Trees, sometimes with swollen trunks, shrubs or small woody subshrubs with tuberous rootstocks (often smelling and tasting of horseradish); wood often brittle and bark sometimes resinous or gummy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Leaves petiolate, alternate, deciduous or rachis of pinnae sometimes persistent, 1-3-imparipinnate; leaflets mainly opposite, entire; stipules and stipels absent or minute but sometimes with stipitate glands at the base of the petioles and pinnae urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Flowers regular in 3 species and nearly so in two others but somewhat irregular in the rest, hermaphrodite, white, red or yellow, often numerous in axillary panicles, the floral parts borne on a cup-like or in one species tubular receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Sepals 5, free above the receptacle, equal or unequal, imbricate in bud, the fifth posticous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Petals 5, equal or unequal, imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Stamens inserted on the margin of the disk or epipetalous, declinate, 5 perfect ones alternating with 3-5 staminodes or setae; filaments free or partly united; anthers dorsifixed, 1-thecous, opening lengthwise by a slit, sometimes cohering; pollen grains trizonocolporate, with smooth exine urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Ovary superior, stipitate, cylindrical, 1-locular of 3 carpels and with 3 parietal placentas; style terminal, slender, tubular with open canal, truncate at the apex and without stigmatic lobes; ovules numerous in 2 series on each placenta, pendulous, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Capsule elongate, beaked, 3-valved, 3-6-angled, sometimes torulose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000396 morphology 8D6D4BE9-F1B6-4595-A2C8-4A8F49494CCC Seeds unwinged or with 3 conspicuous wings, the wings hardened or membranous; embryo straight; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126633-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Balsamic-resinous shrubs, glabrous, dioecious urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Branches opposite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Leaves cuneate-flabelliform, decussate, digitately nerved, plicate, articulate with the petiole; stipules paired, connate with the petiole, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Inflorescences terminal erect racemes; bracts present; bracteoles present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Flowers sessile, perianth absent; ? flowers: stamens either 4 with filaments almost free, or (3–)4–6(?–8) and filaments connate at base into a central column; anthers basifixed, dehiscing by longitudinal slits; connective prolonged into a beak; pollen in tetrads; ovary absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 ? flowers: staminodes absent; carpels (2)3 or 4, (2–)3–4-lobed and (2–)3–4-locular, ± free above and tapering to±recurved styles; stigmas subspathulate, oblong, facing inwards; ovules numerous, anatropous, axillary, 2-seriate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Fruit capsular, dehiscing by adaxial sutures of the carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000403 morphology 9D23DD03-9957-453D-9A00-EDF08D829051 Seeds numerous, small, pendulous; endosperm copious; embryo minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126649-1 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Trees or shrubs, rarely suffrutices or perennial herbs, sometimes armed with spines or prickles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Leaves simple, trifoliolate, pinnately or palmately compound, spicy-aromatic when crushed; lamina dotted with pellucid glands (at least along the margin) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Inflorescence variable, but mostly of panicles, racemes or cymose clusters urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Flowers bisexual or unisexual by abortion and dioecious, actinomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Sepals (2–)4–5, free or united towards the base, usually imbricate in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Petals (0–)4(–8), free and usually imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Stamens 3–10(–40), usually as many as or twice as many as the petals; filaments free or united into groups, inserted at the base of a disk; anthers 2-thecous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 A pistillode sometimes present in ? flowers; staminodes sometimes absent in ? flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Ovary superior; carpels 1–5(–15) or rarely more, free below or completely united; ovules 1–several in each locule; placentation usually axile; style usually 1; stigma 1, capitate and large urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Fruit a berry or drupe, 1–4–many-locular with 1–8-seeded locules, or a 5–8-locular capsule with 2–many-seeded locules, rarely 1-seeded follicle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000536 morphology 0C33EA15-BE2D-401F-9218-FEDFEB7010C6 Seeds oblong, reniform or rounded; endosperm often absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001492-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Perennial herbs or shrubs, rarely annuals; branches opposite, often jointed at the nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Leaves opposite, rarely alternate, mostly pinnately compound, occasionally simple; leaflets sessile, opposite, epunctate, generally unequal, flat or fleshy and sometimes terete; stipules 2, persistent, leathery, hairy or spinescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Flowers solitary, paired or in axillary cymes, bisexual, regular or rarely zygomorphic; peduncle ebracteate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Sepals usually (4-)5, free or rarely basally connate, persistent or deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Petals as many as the sepals, free, clawed, twisted in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Stamens 1-2 as many as the petals in 1-2 whorls, often unequal, outer ones usually opposite the petals, hypogynous; filaments broadened at the base, free, naked or with basal scales; anthers introrse, 2-thecous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Ovary on a glandular or annular disc, superior, 4-5-locular, with axile placentation; ovules 2-many on each placenta, pendulous; style 1, sometimes very short, rarely absent; stigma 1, simple, variously shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Fruit capsular or fleshy, sometimes splitting into 5 indehiscent mericarps urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000653 morphology 07E5EDF1-F69D-4195-8E01-78700394C540 Seed with or without albuminous endosperm; embryo straight or curved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000513-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Perennial herbs, usually with creeping rhizomes; usually terrestrial but occasionally (not in East Africa) epiphytic; sterile and fertile shoots often separate, usually unbranched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Vegetative parts with oil cells (except in Costus) and aromatic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Leaves solitary at the nodes or occasionally crowded at the base of the stem, alternate and 2-rowed, or (>i>Costus) in an open spiral, consisting of sheath, ligule and lamina; sheaths encircling the stem, sometimes forming a pseudostem, with the margins free or joined; ligule adaxial, often bilobed, sometimes (>i>Costus) encircling the stem and then often called an ochrea; lamina usually narrowly elliptic, narrowing into a short false petiole, with a strong median nerve and parallel laterals which diverge from the midrib at about 45° (in >i>Costus the laterals are themselves joined by parallel tertiary veins) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 All parts are glabrous, or hairy with simple (rarely stellate) unicellular hairs (bicellular in >i>Costus) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Inflorescences racemose (spikes, panicles and racemes occur); bracts and bracteoles (if present) usually large and conspicuous, sometimes coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Flowers (hermaphrodite, strongly zygomorphic, 3-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Calyx tubular or spathaceous, often 3-lobed at the apex, valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Petals 3, equal or unequal, fused at the base with the androecium to form a perianth-tube, imbricate in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Androecium composed of a single, often petaloid stamen, with anther-thecae dehiscing by longitudinal slits, and a large petaloid variously lobed member, the labellum, formed from 2 fused staminodes (filamentous outgrowths at the base of the stamen are sometimes claimed to represent other staminodes; in >i>Costus 5 staminodes are believed to be involved in the formation of the labellum) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Ovary inferior, 3-locular, with axile placentation and usually numerous ovules; style and stigma one urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Nectaries of various forms occur either beside the style-base (those which are paired and elongated have often been called stylodia), or embedded in the top of the ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Fruit a berry or capsule, often large and with thick fleshy walls, usually black or red when ripe; sometimes subterranean urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000651 morphology C535596A-3388-4441-8955-81152028ED41 Seeds surrounded by a fimbriate aril, usually smooth and hard, with abundant endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004541-2 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Saprophytic annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Leaves alternate, reduced to scales urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Flowers unisexual, sometimes on separate plants, or, more rarely, hermaphrodite, in racemes or contracted raceme-like panicles urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Perianth 3-6(-10)-partite, petaloid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Male flowers with (2-)3-6 stamens, rarely with 3 stamens and 3 staminodes; anthers sessile or with short filaments, with 2 or 4 thecae opening by transverse slits; pollen globose, smooth, without apertures urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Female flowers with numerous free carpels; style terminal or ± gynobasic; ovule erect, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Monocarps with a single seed, dehiscent or not urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000626 morphology 99DF1369-3D06-4002-8871-2FA7153BB3DD Seeds ellipsoid, with copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126754-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Robust, climbing or pendent shrubs, usually dioecious, glabrous, rarely pubescent; roots arising from compact rhizome urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Stems and branches often aculeate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Leaves alternate or opposite, petiolate, thin or coriaceous, curvinerved, with 3-7 main nerves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Modified stipules forming 2 caducous tendrils arising from distinct, persistent leaf-sheath at base of petiole urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Inflorescence of few-many-flowered umbels; umbels solitary, or arranged in racemes or spikes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Flowers regular, unisexual; perianth-segments 6, free or rarely united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Male flowers with 3 or 6(-15) stamens; filaments sometimes united into a column; anthers introrse; pistillode absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Female flowers with 1-6 filiform staminodes; ovary superior, sessile, 3-locular; locules with 1-2 ovules; stigmas 3, recurved urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Fruit a 1-3-seeded, globose or broadly obovoid berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000571 morphology 6D1B8B60-5C87-42B4-AA6B-EB7D891BC10A Seed globose or lenticular; endosperm hard urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126730-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Submerged monoecious glabrous aquatic herbs of alkaline or brackish water, sometimes in sea-water urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Rhizome thin, matted, perennial, rooted in the substrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Stem slender, erect, branching freely, monopodial below, sympodial above urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Leaves alternate or opposite; blade simple, linear or setaceous, with a single midvein; sheath wide, distally open urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Inflorescence usually a 2-flowered terminal spike with the flowers inserted at unequal heights and on opposite sides of the rachis, when young concealed in the sheath of the uppermost vegetative leaf, and just exserted above the water at anthesis; peduncle short or long, sometimes spirally coiled urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, protandrous, very small and inconspicuous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-0000963074 morphology 3ED38201-883B-4EB7-824D-652B6F3F9C01 Seeds subglobose, ± 4.5 mm. long, minutely rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42198 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347153-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Very sparsely branched erect to subscandent succulent perennial to 3.5 m. high, or sometimes with the stem apex damaged producing a more densely branched habit to ± 1 m. high; stem and branches 4-angled, stem to 5 cm. thick near the base, branches 1–2 cm. thick, pale greyish green mottled with darker bluish green especially along the angles; angles straight to shallowly toothed, with teeth 1–3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42207 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Spinescence greyish buff; spine-shields elongated, ± 3 × 2 mm. above the spines, decurrent to just above the flowering eye below, eventually forming a continuous horny margin; spines 5–8(–10) mm. long; prickles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42208 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Leaves ovate, ± 7 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42209 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile, but cyme-branches to 4 mm. long; bracts broadly deltoid, ± 2.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42210 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Cyathia ± 3 × 9 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 2 × 4.5 mm., contiguous, yellow-green and granular, with a distinct smooth red margin 1 mm. wide; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.7 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42211 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, dentate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42212 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Female flower: styles 3 mm. long, joined for 0.7 mm., apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42213 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 5 × 7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42214 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Seeds subglobose, 2.2 mm. in diameter, greyish brown, shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42215 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000964318 morphology BFCE3ADA-21AF-469E-BE52-4A10B7BE8D4D Fig.95/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42216 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347980-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Spreading many-stemmed succulent shrub, erect or subscandent to 3 m. high, ± sparsely branched above; branches slender, sharply 4(–5)-angled, 1–2 cm. thick, uniformly dark glaucous green; angles without teeth, the spine-pairs 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42217 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Spinescence grey-black; spine-shields slender, 2–3 mm. long above the spines, decurrent to the flowering eye below to form a continuous horny margin; spines slender, to 8 mm. long; prickles rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42218 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Leaves deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42219 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile, all parts dark crimson; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42220 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.25 × 2.5 mm., contiguous; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.25 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42221 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply dentate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42222 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Female flowers: styles 2 mm. long, joined for 1/3, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42223 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Capsule scarcely exserted on a pedicel ± 2 mm. long, 3-lobed, ± 3 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42224 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000961882 morphology 0B7EABFA-7843-4FA4-A495-BD0C898F1A44 Seeds subglobose, 1.75 × 1.5 mm., pale brown, areolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42225 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346372-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Densely branching succulent perennial; branches decumbent forming tangled mats to 1 m. in diameter and 30 cm. high, 4-angled, ± 1 cm. thick, bright green; angles with shallow rounded teeth to 1 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42226 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Spinescence dark red becoming blackish brown; spine-shields oblong-triangular, to ± 2 × 2 mm. above the spines, decurrent to just above the flowering eye below; spines slender, to 6 mm. long; prickles to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42227 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42228 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncle ± 1.5 mm. long and cyme-branches to 2.5 mm. long; bracts deltoid, ± 1.75 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42229 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Cyathia ± 3 × 3.5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 0.75 × 1.25 mm., quite separate, yellow becoming reddish; lobes rounded, ± 0.75 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42230 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Male flowers few: bracteoles ligulate, deeply dentate; stamens well-exserted, 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42231 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Female flower: styles slender, 4.5 mm. long, joined for 0.75 mm. apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42232 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.75 × 3 mm., red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42233 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000964489 morphology 349AC6DA-FAEB-4605-B5B3-919BBB232C8F Seeds subglobose, 1.5 mm. in diameter, reddish brown, minutely and closely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42234 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899864-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Shortly rhizomatous succulent perennial erect to 15 cm. high; rhizomes tuberous; stems very sparsely branched, 4-angled, ± 6 mm. thick, pale greyish green obscurely blotched with darker green; angles straight, without teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42235 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Spinescence brown; spine-shields exceedingly slender, to 11 mm. long, not extended above the spines, decurrent to just above the flowering eye below; spines very fine, to 2 mm. long; prickles immediately above the spines, rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42236 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Leaves ovate, ± 1.5 × 0.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42237 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Cymes solitary, 1-forked with peduncle to 3.5 mm. long and cyme-branches to 5 mm. long; bracts ovate, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42238 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Cyathia ± 4 × 3.75 mm., with narrowly funnel-shaped involucres; glands rounded, ± 1.25 × 1.5 mm., quite separate, yellow; lobes rounded, ± 0.75 × 0.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42239 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Male flowers very few: bracteoles laciniate; stamens far exserted, 6 mm. long, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42240 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Female flower: styles slender, 5 mm. long, joined at the base, the apices scarcely thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42241 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3 × 4 mm., reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42242 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000960827 morphology D2CB0F38-1EDD-4615-BBF1-B76001DF4DC5 Seeds subglobose, 2 × 1.8 mm., brown, minutely and shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42243 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899845-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Branching succulent perennial to 1.2 m. high; branches sharply 4-angled, bluish green usually with darker blotches along the angles; angles with shallow to prominent teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42252 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Spine-shields elongated, to 2 × 1 mm. above the spines, decurrent to, or just above the flowering eye below; spines slender, to 1 cm. long; prickles 0.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42253 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 2.5 x 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42254 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles to 4 mm. long and cyme-branches to 5 mm. long; bracts ovate, ± 1.5 x 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42255 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Cyathia ± 3.5 x 3.5 mm., with barrel-shaped reddish involucres; glands subcircular, ± 1.2 mm. in diameter, quite separate and facing inwards, yellow with a red margin; lobes broadly ovate, ± 0.75 x 0.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42256 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Male flowers few: bracteoles filamentous; stamens well-exserted, 6 mm. long, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42257 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Female flower: ovary shortly pedicellate; syles to 6 mm. long, joined at the base up to 0.5 mm., apices scarcely thickened, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42258 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000962379 morphology 4AA4E773-B7CE-45DB-B9BE-5CAB81ECC733 Capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42259 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346686-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Densely branched succulent perennial forming clumps to ± 20 cm. high and 50 cm. in diameter; branches 4-angled, to 1 cm. thick, glaucous; angles prominently sinuate-toothed, with teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42260 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Spinescence purplish black; spine-shields oblong-triangular, to ± 2 × 2.5 mm. above the spines, decurrent to 8 mm. and halfway to 2/3 towards the flowering eye below; spines to 8 mm. long; prickles to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42261 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42262 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches ± 3 mm. long; bracts ovate, ± 2 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42263 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Cyathia ± 4 × 3 mm., with elongated barrel-shaped involucres; glands subcircular, ± 1 mm. in diameter, quite separate and facing inwards; lobes rounded, ± 0.75 × 0.75 mm., deeply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42264 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply dentate; stamens far exserted, 8 mm. long, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42265 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Female flower: styles 7 mm. long, joined for 2.5 mm., apices scarcely thickened, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42266 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42267 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000960701 morphology 425293AF-8111-434D-8A2B-B1C667E18A1A Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42268 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345600-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Densely branching succulent perennial forming tangled masses 20–30 cm. high and to 1.5 m. in diameter; branches trailing to 30 cm. long, 1–1.3 cm. thick, 4-angled, uniformly dull green; angles ± distinctly toothed, with rounded teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42269 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Spinescence grey; spine-shields triangular, ± 2 mm. wide and 2–4 mm. long above the spines, 2–6 mm. decurrent and about halfway to the flowering eye below; spines to 8 mm. long; prickles 0.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42270 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42271 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts subquadrate, ± 2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42272 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Cyathia ± 3 × 6.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.8 × 3.5 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42273 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42274 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Female flower: styles 4 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42275 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 4 × 5.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42276 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Seeds ovoid, 2.5 × 2 mm., pale brown, shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42277 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000965078 morphology 78A63B31-440D-4187-9136-87011F0FFA63 Fig. 95/4, 5, p. 509. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42278 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348481-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Shrubby succulent perennial, densely branching, spreading-erect to 1.5 m. high; branches 4-angled, ± 1 cm. thick; angles shallowly toothed, with teeth to 1 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42279 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Spine-shields oblong-triangular, ± 3 × 2 mm. above the spines, decurrent to just above the flowering eye below; spines slender to 6 mm. long; prickles to 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42280 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Leaves deltoid, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42281 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Cymes solitary. 1-forked, subsessile; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42282 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Cyathia ± 3 × 5.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.5 × 2.8 mm, contiguous, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42283 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42284 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Female flower: styles 2.3 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42285 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42286 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000961771 morphology D17BD49A-207C-4608-BB55-531ACB9CF45E Seeds ovoid, 2.5 × 2 mm., brown, shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42287 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931896-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Shrubby or semi-prostrate succulent perennial 25–100 cm. high with branching stems sometimes trailing; branches 4–5-angled, 1–1.5 cm. thick; angles shallowly to prominently toothed, with rounded teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42288 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Spine-shields triangular or oblong-triangular, to 3 × 3 mm. above the spines, decurrent to 5(–8) mm. and 1/2–3/4 towards the flowering eye below; spines to 8 mm. long; prickles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42289 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Leaves deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42290 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles 0.5–1.5 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.4 × 1.4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42291 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Cyathia to ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, to 1.25 × 2.5 mm., contiguous; lobes transversely elliptic, to 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42292 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate, stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42293 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Female flower: styles 2–2.2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42294 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42295 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000963632 morphology 9EA8CCFA-7F06-4B05-85EA-B1A9C9EA03BC Seeds ovoid, 1.8 × 1.5 mm., brown, shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42296 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:347532-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Branching succulent perennial erect to 1 m. high; branches 4-angled, 5–8 mm. thick; angles very shallowly toothed with teeth 5–8 mm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42297 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Spine-shields oblong-triangular, ± 1 × 1 mm. above the spines, decurrent to ± 2.5 mm. and half-way to the flowering eye below; spines very slender, to 6 mm. long; prickles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42298 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42299 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Cymes solitary, 1-forked, sessile; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.2 × 1.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42300 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Cyathia ± 2 × 4.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 0.8 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42301 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42302 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Female flower: styles 3 mm. long, joined at the base for 0.5 mm., apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42303 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42304 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962031 morphology C2A14284-33E2-4188-A8AD-D040C1BDAA6D Seeds ovoid, 1.8 × 1.5 mm., buff, shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42305 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931897-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Succulent perennial densely branching from the base forming tangled masses ± 25 cm. high and 1 m. in diameter; branches decumbent to ± 50 cm. long, sparsely rebranched, sharply 4-angled, to ± 1 cm. thick, uniformly bright green; angles ± without teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42306 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Spinescence brown, the spine-pairs 5–15 mm. apart; spine-shields oblong-triangular, to 2–3 × 2 mm. above the spines, decurrent to 8 mm. and about halfway to 2 mm. above the flowering eye below; spines and prickles very slender, subequal in length or the prickles slightly longer, to 5 mm. long, spreading to form an ×. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42307 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Leaves deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42308 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles ± 2 mm. long; bracts ovate, ± 1.75 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42309 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Cyathia ± 3 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.2 × 2.7 mm., contiguous, pinkish yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, 1 × 1.5 mm. red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42310 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate; mature stamens not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42311 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Female flower: ovary sessile; styles 4 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42312 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000962766 morphology FE0BA514-DCD7-4734-8831-1520DAE2A865 Capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42313 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346930-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Shrubby succulent perennial, sparingly branched, erect to 1.5 m. high; branches 4-angled, ± 1 cm. thick, bright green; angles shallowly toothed with teeth to 1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42314 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Spinescence pale grey; spine-shields elongated, to ± 3 × 2 mm. above the spines, decurrent to shortly above the flowering eye below; spines to 6 mm. long; prickles to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42315 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42316 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Cymes solitary, subsessile, 1-forked; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42317 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, yellowish becoming red; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42318 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42319 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Female flower: styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42320 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.8 × 4.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42321 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000961254 morphology 0F8338D7-DA30-4C60-B807-AEF1D76A3271 Seeds ovoid, 2.2 × 1.8 mm., brown, minutely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42322 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931895-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Fibrous-rooted succulent perennial, with shortly rhizomatous stems densely branching at the base, sparsely so above, erect to 80 cm.; stems and branches 4–(5)-angled, to 1 cm. thick, greyish green often with a purplish tinge, darker along the angles; angles with shallow teeth 1–2 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42323 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Spinescence grey; spine-shields oblong-triangular, fairly slender, ± 2 mm. long above the spines, decurrent to 8 mm. and about halfway to the flowering eye below; spines slender, to 15 mm. long; prickles to 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.25 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, yellowish brown; lobes subcircular, 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42327 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42328 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Female flower: styles 2.75 mm. long, joined for 1/3, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42329 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962037 morphology 057ADFD4-FBDD-4FA3-B3B1-1D4A43159E68 Seeds ovoid, 1.75 × 1.5 mm., pale brown, shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899849-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Succulent perennial with densely tufted stems from a thick fleshy root, branching from the base, 4-angled, to 15 cm. long and ± 7 mm. thick, greyish to brownish green; angles with laterally compressed prominent very sharply pointed teeth to 1 cm. long and ± 1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Spinescence grey; spine-shields to 8 mm. long above the spines, occasionally with 2 scarcely diverging arms to 1.5 mm. long, decurrent to 3–5 mm. above the flowering eye below; spines 2–12 mm. long, often joined at the base for up to 3 mm.; prickles to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Leaves deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Cymes 1–2 in a vertical line developing successively, 1-forked, with branches to 5 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2 mm., contiguous, pinkish brown; lobes subcircular, 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Male flowers: bracteoles deeply dentate; stamens 3.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42337 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42338 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42339 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42340 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000962187 morphology 9CEC5D2F-5475-44B3-97D9-075C40A4987C Fig. 96/1–3, p. 516. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346575-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Succulent perennial with densely tufted stems from a thick fleshy root, branching from the base, to 30(–100) cm. long, 4-angled, ± 1 cm. thick, dark green, often lightly variegated with paler green and the surface shallowly fluted; angles with prominent sharply pointed teeth to 7 mm. long and to 1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Spinescence pale grey; spine-shields to 2 cm. long, to 5 mm. long above the spines and with 2 widely diverging arms 2–5 mm. long, decurrent from halfway to just above the flowering eye below, with the base sometimes free and forming a hook to 1 mm. long; spines to 1.3 cm. long, often joined at the base for up to 2 mm.; prickles to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Upright woody perennial herb, subshrub, or shrub, up to 3 m. tall; stem simple or somewhat branched, reddish, lineate, densely uncinulate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Leaves 1-foliolate (rarely 3-foliolate), occasionally opposite; stipules stramineous, rather long persistent, ovate-long-attenuate, lobed at base, soon narrowed to a slender caudate tip, 2.2–8.5 mm. long, 1–4 mm. wide at base, pilose on the outer surface, becoming ± glabrous, ciliate; petiole sulcate, usually linear, densely strigose to glabrescent, 0.3–2.2 cm. long; leaflet light green to blue-green or darker above, paler beneath and with prominent pallid veins, suborbicular to elliptic to rhombic-ovate, 3–9.4 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, entire or repand (indented at the termination of the lateral veins) and ciliate, thick, mostly soft velvety on both surfaces with long stiff golden, reddish or white hairs slightly hooked at apex and intermixed with straight tapering ones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Inflorescences axillary and terminal densely flowered racemes to 1 dm. or more long, at least the terminal ones often paniculately branched; rhachis striate, densely long uncinulate-pubescent with straight hairs intermixed; primary bracts each subtending 3–5 pedicels, stramineous, lanceolate- to ovate-attenuate, 1.5–4 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, somewhat pilose and uncinulate-puberulent on the outer surface, ± persistent; secondary bracts similar, slightly smaller and almost linear; pedicels abundantly uncinulate-pubescent with straight hairs intermixed, 1–3 mm. long; occasionally small bracteoles present on the pedicels. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Flowers white to pink, to blue, mauve or brilliant purple, usually appearing whitish or pale when dry. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Calyx rather densely strigose, central tooth of lower lobe attenuate, 3 mm. long, the lateral teeth slightly shorter; upper bifid lobe almost rounded to acute, notched at centre, 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Corolla ± twice the length of calyx; standard suborbicular, retuse at apex, gradually narrowed to the cuneate base, 4.2–6 mm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide; wings ± oblong, obtuse, shortly clawed, 4–5.5 mm. long, 1–2.4 mm. wide; keel-petals remotely scythe-shaped, slenderly clawed, equalling or exceeding calyx in length, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (stipe to 1.5 mm. long), with style usually persistent, 2–6(–7)-articled, upper suture essentially straight to slightly curved and somewhat indented at the isthmi, lower suture ± rounded, indented at isthmi (between the articles), surfaces and sutures uncinulate-pubescent throughout with straight tapering hairs intermixed; articles subrectangular, 2.5–4 mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Seed orbicular to reniform, reddish to almost black, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177537 morphology 160D3396-725A-4F40-914C-47F92B54EE42 Fig. 65/7, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Herbaceous, or ± woody perennial herb from a few cm. to 1.5 m. tall, arising from a somewhat branched root system; stems prostrate to erect or arching, angular, striate, uncinulate-puberulent and abundantly strigose with upwardly directed tapering hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Leaves 1-foliolate; stipules slightly oblique, ovate-long-attenuate, 3.5–13 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, strongly striate, minutely puberulent and somewhat stiffly pilose over outer surface, ciliate, persistent or caducous; petioles puberulent throughout, moderately to densely long strigose especially on adaxial side, 0.4–2 cm. long; lamina ovate- or elliptic-acuminate (to -acute), obtuse at base, 1.2–15.5 cm. long, 0.9–5 cm. wide, minutely uncinulate-puberulent throughout with long tapering hairs along midrib and sometimes scattered over surface above, abundantly long-pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Inflorescence of axillary and terminal racemes; rhachis ± similar to stem but becoming less densely or not at all strigose, and abundantly uncinulate-puberulent to -pubescent; primary bracts each usually subtending a fascicle of 3 or more pedicels, linear- to lanceolate-attenuate, 2–7.5 mm. long, 0.3–1 mm. wide, puberulent on the dorsal surface and stiffly pilose, ciliate; secondary bracts each subtending one pedicel, linear to subulate, ciliate, 1.5–3 mm. long, 0.3–0.5 mm. wide, all persistent; pedicels rather densely uncinulate-puberulent, stiff and stout, 3–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Flowers variable in colour (probably changing with age and humidity), white to red or purple or a combination such as pink and purple or mauve and white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Calyx pale green tinged reddish, minutely puberulent and strigose with stiff tapering hairs throughout, teeth of both lobes ciliate, central tooth of lower lobe 2.2–3.3 mm. long, lateral teeth slightly shorter, upper bifid lobe 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Standard obovate, refuse, 3.2–4.5 mm. long; wings ± oblong, obtuse, shortly clawed, slightly auricled, 2.7–5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide; keel-petals ± scythe-shaped, obtuse to truncate at apex, shortly clawed, scarcely to somewhat auricled, 3.5–4 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate, up to 7–8-articled, upper suture essentially straight, slightly indented at isthmi, lower suture curved, indented more deeply; articles uncinulate-puberulent on surfaces with some stiff tapering hairs scattered on sutures, 2–3 mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Seed reniform, pale, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177142 morphology 8DC4BD64-6C40-4BB5-B654-4FC274A538F9 Fig. 65/10, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491754-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Creeping to ascending perennial herb with tuberous roots and slender reddish brown shoots to ± 1 m. long; stems angular to cylindric and appressed to spreading hirsute with stout stiff tapering hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Leaves 1-foliolate; stipules obliquely lanceolate-attenuate, 4–11 mm. long, 0.5–2 mm. wide, strongly striate, sparsely puberulent to glabrescent, long-ciliate, persistent; petioles minutely uncinulate-puberulent throughout and abundantly appressed hirsute with pubescence similar to that of stem, 0.75–3.5 cm. long; lamina ovate or ovate-oblong to almost orbicular, acute to obtuse to completely rounded at apex, at least slightly cordate at base, 1–6 cm. long, 1–5 cm. wide, minutely uncinulate-puberulent on both surfaces, abundantly appressed hirsute on midrib and chief lateral veins and moderately so on surface beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Inflorescences axillary and terminal, racemose-paniculate, lax and diffuse; rhachis minutely and moderately uncinulate-puberulent, rather densely appressed hirsute (with hairs similar to those of stem); primary bracts, each subtending a fascicle of 3 pedicels, lanceolate-attenuate, similar to stipules in texture and pubescence, 2.8–6 mm. long, 0.8–1.3 mm. wide; secondary bracts similar, lanceolate, 1–1.7 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide; all rather long persistent; pedicels minutely uncinulate-puberulent and moderately stiff hirsute, ± 2–5 mm. long in flower, to 8 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Flowers blue to bright mauve or mauve and white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Calyx pale green to reddish (above), the teeth of lobes sometimes with colourless margins, minutely uncinulate-puberulent and abundantly hirsute with stout hairs throughout; teeth of lower lobe 2.5–3.5 mm. long, upper bifid lobe equalling them or slightly shorter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Standard obovate or almost oblong (broader than high), refuse, scarcely if at all clawed, 4–4.5 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide; wings remotely oblong, obtuse at apex, slightly auricled, shortly clawed, 3.5– 4.5 mm. long, 1.6–2 mm. wide; keel-petals almost scythe-shaped, ± long-clawed, 4.5–5 mm. long, 1.5–1.8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (stipe to 1.5 mm. long), 3–6-articled, upper suture slightly curved, somewhat indented at the isthmi, lower suture curved, deeply indented at the isthmi; articles minutely uncinulate-puberulent and sparsely hirsute on surfaces and sutures, or becoming glabrescent, 1.5–2 mm. long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177056 morphology 6620BBB4-A3BE-48D2-B43F-DC520750E649 Seed ± oblong, reddish brown, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491677-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Woody perennial herb or subshrub or shrub with flexuous stem erect to 2.6 m., or creeping with ascending to erect inflorescences; stem reddish to pale brown, terete (below) to angular, striate, glabrous near base, minutely uncinulate-puberulent and soft spreading pilose with slender tapering hairs above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules lanceolate-ovate to -attenuate, 5–15 mm. long, 2.5–5 mm. wide, striate and puberulent on outer surface, becoming reflexed, deciduous; petioles scarcely to densely uncinulate-puberulent and pilose, the leaf-rhachides usually more densely so than the petioles; leaflets lanceolate or lanceolate-ovate to nearly elliptic, narrowly obovate, or broadly ovate, obtuse to acute or acuminate and mucronulate at apex, obtuse at base, the lateral similar but slightly oblique, essentially glabrous above except along midrib, softly pilose along veins or throughout beneath, the terminal ones 6–17.5 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. wide, the lateral slightly smaller. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Inflorescences racemose-paniculate, the racemes lax to very dense; rhachides angular, lineate, reddish to tawny, uncinulate-puberulent to -pubescent with long tapering hairs sparsely or abundantly intermixed; primary bracts each subtending 2 pedicels, ovate- or lanceolate-attenuate, 3–10 mm. long, 0.7–2 mm. wide, essentially glabrous to minutely puberulent on outer surface; secondary bracts each subtending 1 pedicel (± laterally), smaller, similar or scale-like; pedicels uncinulate-puberulent with (or without) long tapering hairs intermixed, becoming reflexed after anthesis, 2.5–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Flowers (said to be inconspicuous) ranging in colour from yellow or pinkish green to vermilion, or cream or white with blue or mauve keel. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Calyx finely puberulent and abundantly long-pilose throughout, the lobes subequal in length, 3.5–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Standard almost orbicular, retuse at apex, 4–7 mm. long; wings oblong, obtuse at apex, slightly auricled, shortly clawed, 3–6 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide; keel-petals equalling standard in length, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (stipe up to 2.5 mm. long), 2–7-articled, upper suture straight, the lower slightly indented at the isthmi which are 2.5–3 mm. wide; articles minutely uncinulate-puberulent with short fine pilosity intermixed on both surfaces and sutures, 3.5–6.5 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Seed ± oblong, brown, 2.3–3.3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177408 morphology E1EA6936-0841-4270-BE35-3A0F86F1A013 Fig. 65/1, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Herbaceous (to suffrutescent) with a procumbent, diffuse and branched, angular, grooved and striate stem 1–10 dm. long, usually tawny to brownish, moderately to densely uncinulate-puberulent and sparsely to moderately pilose with long tapering hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules obliquely ovate-acuminate, their lobes almost overlapping, often becoming reflexed, 5–10 mm. long, 2–5 mm. wide, strongly striate, puberulent on the outer surface, ciliate, persistent; stipels lanceolate- to ovate-attenuate, 1.5–9 mm. long, 0.5–3 mm. wide, glabrous, ciliate, persistent; petioles angular, ridged and grooved, moderately uncinulate-pubescent and sparsely pilose with long tapering hairs, 1–7 cm. long; rhachis similar or with indumentum more abundant, 0.8–3 cm. long; leaflets ovate to elliptic or less often orbicular, obtuse at base and apex, or base cuneate and apex retuse, ± abundantly appressed-pilose above, velu-tinous beneath with long stout tapering hairs along midrib and chief lateral veins, more delicate hairs of varying lengths abundant over whole surface; terminal leaflet 1.8–8 cm. long, 2–6 cm. wide; lateral leaflets similar, smaller, 1.2–7 cm. long, 1–4.8 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Inflorescences racemose or racemose-paniculate; rhachides densely uncinulate-pubescent with occasional straight tapering hairs intermixed; primary bracts narrowly ovate, rather shortly acuminate, 2.5–4.5 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide, moderately uncinulate-puberulent, each subtending a fascicle of 2–3 pedicels; secondary bracts each subtending a single pedicel, ± lanceolate-ovate, similar, 1.5–3 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide; pedicels minutely uncinulate-puberulent, usually more densely so on the upper half, mostly somewhat spreading, 3.5–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Flowers pink or blue, small. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Calyx uncinulate-puberulent and straight pilose throughout; teeth of both lobes ciliate, upper lobe rather deeply bifid, 2–3.2 mm. long, teeth of lower lobe ± equal, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Corolla slightly exceeding calyx; standard obovate, entire or retuse, narrowed to cuneate base, 3.3–3.5 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide; wings ± hatchet-shaped, slightly auricled, shortly clawed, 2.5–3 mm. long, 1–1.3 mm. wide; keel-petals obscurely scythe-shaped, scarcely auricled, shortly clawed, 3–4.3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (stipe 0.5–1.5 mm. long), 4–6-articled; articles quadrate at maturity, nearly evenly indented on both sutures at the broad isthmi, 2–3 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, uncinulate-puberulent and -pubescent throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Seed oval-reniform, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177078 morphology B217EC91-806A-4463-B957-6AB969B65255 Fig. 65/9, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491697-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Erect or arching perennial herb 1.2–1.5 m. tall with reddish angular stem and branches abundantly spreading pilose with slender white tapering hairs and somewhat uncinulate-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Leaves 3-foliolate (rarely some 1-foliolate), stipulate, essentially sessile; terminal leaflets elliptic to elliptic-ovate, obtuse to acute at apex and apiculate, truncate to cuneate at base, 7–9 cm. long, 3–5 cm. wide; lateral leaflets apiculate, usually obliquely ovate, obtuse at apex and truncate at base, 5–8 cm. long, 3–5 cm. wide; all with margins thickened, sometimes sinuate, upper surface with long pilosity on midrib and chief lateral veins, uncinulate-pubescent throughout, lower surface with very prominent reticulate venation and long lax, usually glandular pilosity on veins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Inflorescences terminal, racemose-paniculate, broad; rhachides abundantly spreading uncinulate-pubescent; primary bracts reddish brown, narrowly ovate-attenuate, 3–4.5 mm. long, striate, densely long white pilose on outer surface; secondary bracts similar, smaller, paler, less densely pilose; pedicels borne in fascicles of 3 to 5, densely uncinulate-pubescent, (2.5–)4–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Calyx brown to brick-red, 2-lipped, long spreading pilose and minutely puberulent throughout, 4.5–5.5 mm. long (including the generally lanceolate-acuminate teeth). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Corolla pale to rose-pink; standard almost orbicular, somewhat clawed at base, 7–8.5 mm. long, 6–7.5 mm. wide; wings and keel-petals sometimes slightly longer, obliquely oblong, obtuse, auricled at base and clawed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Stamens sometimes with the filament a little elongated beyond the anther-thecae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Style long and bent at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Fruit essentially sessile, 1–3-articled, with the style persistent, upper suture somewhat indented, the lower deeply so at the isthmi, uncinulate-pubescent throughout, ± straight pilose on and near sutures; articles suborbicular to subelliptic or almost rectangular, 5–8 mm. long, 4.5–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Seed elliptic-reniform, brown, 3–4 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177460 morphology C1B1C00D-149B-4BE8-979F-08BE895EEFC9 Fig. 66. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492186-1 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Herbaceous from a woody base, or frutescent, up to ± 1 m. tall, branching from the base; stem terete, striate, uncinulate-pubescent and somewhat pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Leaves 3-foliolate (or rarely some 1-foliolate); stipules obliquely ovate-attenuate, 3–12.5 mm. long, 1–7 mm. wide, striate, ciliate, puberulent on outer surface, becoming glabrous, long-persistent, often reflexed; petioles pubescent as stem, 0.5–5 cm. long; rhachis similar, 0.3–2 cm. long; leaflets elliptic to ovate, mostly obtuse at apex, cuneate at base, with prominently reticulate venation, sparsely to moderately uncinulate-puberulent and pilose on both surfaces, ciliate, the terminal 2–8 cm. long, 1–3 cm. wide, the lateral similar but slightly oblique, 1–5 cm. long, 0.5–2.8 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Inflorescences axillary and terminal, racemose to racemose-paniculate; rhachis striate, uncinulate-puberulent, moderately to densely and finely glandular pilose, becoming less densely so in age; primary bracts, each subtending 2 or more pedicels, narrowly ovate-attenuate, 3–6.5 mm. long, 0.5–1.5 mm. wide, striate, minutely puberulent on abaxial surface; secondary bracts, each subtending 1 pedicel, similar, smaller, ± 2 mm. long and 0.5 mm. wide; pedicels with pubescence similar to that of rhachis, rather stiff and ascending to spreading at maturity, 0.5–1.7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Flowers red to mauve or green with red or mauve margins, or white or yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Calyx minutely puberulent and rather abundantly pilose throughout, teeth of both lobes somewhat ciliate; central tooth of lower lobe long attenuate, 3–4 mm. long, lateral teeth 2–3 mm. long, upper bifid lobe 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Standard obovate, slightly retuse at apex, gradually narrowed to base, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; wings obtusely oblong, auricled and shortly clawed, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide; keel-petals obliquely oblong, broader above, clawed for ± one-third their length, 3–4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Fruit 5–7-articled, isthmi between the articles central; stipe 0.5–1 mm. long; articles mostly orbicular in outline, sometimes with margins alternately revolute and so appearing rhomboidal, 3–5 mm. long, 2.5–4 mm. wide, uncinulate-pubescent throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177471 morphology 11F54ED3-2605-4A85-BEA3-92A2DB06F12E Seed ± reniform, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1028008-2 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Woody herb with prostrate to erect stems or low decumbent to erect shrub 6–9 dm. long or high; stem terete, grooved or striate, glabrescent below, softly pilose above with slender appressed upwardly directed silky white hairs and minute puberulence beneath the pilosity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets apparently sensitive (mostly folded when dry); stipules obliquely lanceolate-attenuate, striate, minutely and sparsely puberulent, ciliate, 5–8 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide; petioles densely pilose and puberulent as the stem, 7–11.5 mm. long; rhachis 0.5–1 mm. long or lacking, then only the petiolule with 2 stipels (or these aborted) subtending the terminal leaflet; leaflets obovate, apiculate, ± rounded at apex, cuneate at base, venation prominent on both surfaces, almost glabrous to moderately and inconspicuously pilose above, abundantly long silky pilose beneath, the terminal 1–3 cm. long, 0.5–1 cm. wide, the lateral 0.9–2.4 cm. long, 0.3–0.8 cm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Inflorescence composed of dense terminal or axillary racemes usually appearing spike-like or head-like because the rhachis does not elongate in fruit; rhachides densely pilose with white or golden hairs and minute uncinulate puberulence underneath; primary bracts usually subtending 2 pedicels, ovate-acuminate, 3–5 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, striate, ± pilose near base or throughout, sparsely puberulent, ciliate; secondary bracts (almost always present) each subtending 1 pedicel, ciliate, rather depauperate, 0.5–2.5 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide; pedicels becoming reflexed just below the calyx after anthesis, pilose with scattered upwardly directed hairs and minutely uncinulate-puberulent, 2.5–4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Flowers said to be yellow, red, purple, mauve or blue. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Calyx deeply 2-lipped, long silky pilose throughout with usually golden hairs; teeth of both lobes lanceolate-attenuate, central tooth of lower lobe 3–5 mm. long, lateral teeth 3–5 mm. long, upper (deeply) bifid lobe 3–5.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Corolla slightly exceeding calyx; standard obovate, ± truncate or rounded and slightly retuse at apex, cuneate at base, gradually narrowed for the lower one- to two-thirds of its length, 4.5–7 mm. long, 2–5 mm. wide; wings ± hatchet-shaped, obliquely truncate at apex, shortly clawed, 3–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; keel-petals remotely scythe-shaped, truncate at apex, slightly, if at all, auricled, long and slenderly clawed, 3.5–7 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Fruit sessile to substipitate (stipe 0.5–1 mm. long), 2–5-articled, upper suture essentially straight, the lower curved; articles softly pilose throughout and with uncinulate puberulence beneath the pilosity, often separating from each other at maturity, 2–3.5 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Seed rectangular to reniform, 1.6–2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000177109 morphology 53A24AC1-85A7-47A3-A833-A6120D63BBA7 Fig. 65/3, p. 453. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:491714-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Erect subshrub 0.2–1.8 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Stems scabrid with short hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Lower leaves 1–3-foliolate, upper 5–9-foliolate; leaflets of lower leaves ovate, 2–8 cm. long, 2–3.2 cm. wide, of upper leaves ovate-lanceolate, 7–25 cm. long, 0.5–2.5(–4) cm. wide, subacute and mucronulate at the apex, rounded at the base, often variegated, glabrescent and shining above, scabrid and strongly reticulate beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Inflorescences with a rhachis 10–70 cm. long; peduncles 0–5 cm. long, scabrid; pedicels at first erect, later inflexed, 6–9 mm. long, covered with long deciduous hairs and denser short persistent hook-tipped hairs; bracts pinkish, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate-caudate, comose, 1.4–2.5 cm. long, 2–8 mm. wide, deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Calyx-tube puberulous, 2 mm. long; lobes 2–3 and 4–5 mm. long, covered with long, white or brownish tubercular-based hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Corolla pink, bluish or reddish, glabrous; standard obovate, 8–9 mm. long, 5–6 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Pods 5–9 mm. long, of 3–6 segments, each 2–3 mm. wide, shining, brown to blackish then whitish-grey. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Seeds yellowish-brown, compressed, oblong-ellipsoid, longest dimension 2–2.5 mm., shorter dimension 1.5–2 mm., 0.8 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000178000 morphology 7A378946-94F6-4971-8507-D5BBC37AC022 Fig. 67. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:524417-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Erect or prostrate herb or subshrub, with several to many stems 10–30(–50) cm. long from a woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Stems branched, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Leaflets oblong, elliptic, obovate or almost round, 0.6–3.4(–4.3) cm. long, 0.6–1.8(–2.5) cm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at the apex, narrowed to a rounded or subcordate base, puberulous or pubescent above and pubescent with longer hairs beneath; venation reticulate beneath; petiole 0.7–1 cm. long, channelled; rhachis 0.3–1 cm. long; petiolules 1–2 mm. long; stipules persistent, 4–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Inflorescences with a rhachis 3–7 cm. long; peduncles 0–1 cm. long; pedicels 4–6 mm. long, all pubescent and with conspicuous bulbous-based hairs; bracts ovate or oblong, 5–6.5 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, caudate, strongly striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Calyx-tube 1–1.5 mm. long; lobes triangular, 3–3.5 mm. long, acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Corolla blue or violet; standard 7 mm. long, 7–8 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Pod 0.7–1.2 cm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, at first yellow but later becoming black, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Seeds yellow-brown when ripe, oblong-reniform, longest dimension 2.2 mm., shorter dimension 1.4 mm., 0.7 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177978 morphology 96A960AD-50F8-448C-84CE-8501279E848C Fig. 68. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:516976-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Erect woody herb or subshrub, 0.3–3(–4) m. tall, from a thick rhizome. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Stems strongly ribbed, pubescent to velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Leaflets elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 2.5–16.5 cm. long, 1.3–10 cm. wide, acute to rounded and mucronulate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, subentire but more usually broadly crenulate, somewhat rough above, pubescent to velvety beneath; petiole 1–7 cm. long, channelled; rhachis 0.2–3 cm. long; petiolules 0.2–1 cm. long; stipules 0.5–1.2 cm. long, (1–)2–5 mm. wide, eventually falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Inflorescences usually much branched and very lax with numerous flowers; rhachis 6–35 cm. long; peduncle 0–10 cm. long; pedicels 3–8 mm. long, at first erect, later reflexed; primary bracts ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 mm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, acuminate, persistent; secondary bracts linear, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Corolla reddish-purple, blue, rose or white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Standard rounded, 6–8 mm. long, 4–6.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Pods straight, 1.2–3.8 cm. long, 3–4(–5) mm. wide, 3–12-seeded, puberulous or subtomentellous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177956 morphology 0934AD54-2766-40FC-86EC-44B4CA0AFA9A Seeds chestnut-brown, reniform or oblong-ovoid, compressed, smooth, longest dimension ± 2 mm., shorter dimension 1.2 mm., 0.8 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515894-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Erect woody herb or subshrub 0.4–1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Stems strongly ribbed, pubescent to velvety. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Leaflets lanceolate, elliptic or obovate-elhptic, 4–14 cm. long, 1.5–6.5 cm. wide, acute to rounded and mucronulate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, subentire but usually broadly crenulate, rough above, pubescent to velvety beneath; petiole channelled, 0.5–4.5 cm. long; rhachis 0.4–2.3 cm. long; petiolules 2–7 mm. long; stipules 0.6–1.1 cm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, eventually falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Inflorescences narrow panicles 5–27 cm. long, composed of short dense false racemes 1–10 cm. long, the flowers mostly crowded in the upper parts; secondary peduncles 0–3 cm. long; pedicels 3–6 mm. long, at first erect, later reflexed; primary bracts lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, acuminate, persistent; secondary bracts filiform, 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Corolla reddish-purple; standard rounded, 6–8 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Pods slightly curved, 0.7–2 cm. long, 3 mm. wide, 2–6-seeded, mostly densely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Seeds as in last species. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177921 morphology C2B70ABB-9198-47F4-A28E-BF500DC03F88 Fig. 69/10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:515886-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Perennial herb, shrub, or small subshrub (0.1–)0.6–2.5(–3) m. tall, with several shoots from a woody rootstock, very rarely a small tree to 3(–?4.5) m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Stems glaucous and glabrous to adpressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Leaflets elliptic, oblong-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 2–9 cm. long, 0.9–3.5(–4.5) cm. wide, acute and mucronate or rounded at the apex, cuneate, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, slightly to fairly densely pubescent beneath, sometimes glaucous; petiole winged, oblong, obovate, oblanceolate, obcordate or almost round, 0.8–6 cm. long, 0.4–3.5 cm. wide, rounded or narrowly to widely emarginate at the apex, obtuse to slightly cordate at the base; stipules linear to lanceolate, 4–10 mm. long, 0.6–1.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Inflorescences usually elongate and narrow, falsely racemose, the flowers arranged in fascicles along the rhachis, 15–50 cm. long, or flowers all in axillary fascicles; peduncle 0–11 cm. long; pedicels 0.2–2.2 cm. long; bracts ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–4 mm. long, 0.7–1 mm. wide, soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Calyx pubescent or hairy; tube 2.5–4 mm. long; lobes 3–8.5 mm. long, the upper pair joined for most of their length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Standard all white or yellow or yellow outside and mauve inside, the veins and outer flush dark purple or crimson, obovate, (1–)1.5– 2.2 cm. long, (1–)1.2–2 cm. wide, glabrous to finely puberulous outside; wings and keel bluish-purple or keel yellow-green tipped purple; rarely flowers all white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Fruit densely yellowish-brown hairy, stipitate, the stipe rapidly enlarging and attaining 3–7 cm.; articles 1–5, broadly elliptic or almost round, strongly compressed, 5.5–9(–13) mm. long, 5–6(–7) mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000177735 morphology E8B6F65D-30D3-48B9-BF36-608F73274AD3 Seeds dark crimson-brown, compressed-reniform, longest dimension 4 mm., shorter dimension 3 mm., 1 mm. thick; hilum minute, almost round, the seed somewhat beaked on one side of it. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:493485-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Erect or spreading procumbent perennial herb, woody at the base, 10–60 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Stems densely to sparsely pubescent or puberulous, at length ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Leaves uniibliolate; leaflet ovate, oblong, oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–6.5 cm. long, 0.3–2.6 cm. wide, acute to emarginate and mucronulate at the apex, subcordate at the base, finely puberulous and with longer hairs, or almost glabrous above, ciliate; reticulation prominent on both surfaces; petiole 0.4–1.5 cm. long; petiolule 1–2 mm. long; stipules lanceolate, 0.7–1.7(–2.4) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Inflorescences terminal and leaf-opposed, 2–13 cm. long, mostly dense, the internodes mostly shorter than the flowers, glabrous or usually densely pubescent; rhachis 2–13 cm. long; peduncle 0–5 cm. long; pedicels 0.5–2 mm. long; primary bracts ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4–8 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, acuminate, ± glabrous, deciduous; secondary bracts similar, 2.5–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Calyx puberulous or pubescent; tube 1.5–2.5 mm. long; teeth narrowly triangular, 3–4 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, acuminate, not imbricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Standard orange, pinkish-buff or purple, often paler than other petals, 4–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide; wings mauve; keel magenta, mauve or green with purple tip. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Pods 1.2–2.5 cm. long, well exserted from the calyx, not constricted between the articles; articles 4–7, subcylindrical, 2.5–3 mm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, with raised reticulate ridges, puberulous with uncinulate hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0000176915 morphology 76F2CA44-E0A9-4EAF-B5D7-98175B1E49C1 Seeds yellowish, speckled brown or entirely yellow-brown, ellipsoidal, slightly compressed, longest dimension 1.7 mm., shorter dimension 1.5 mm., 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473569-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Erect or spreading annual herb, sometimes woody at the base, 20–60 cm. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Stems puberulous or pubescent, later almost glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Leaves uni-foliolate; leaflet elliptic or oblong to narrowly lanceolate, 1–10 cm. long, 0.6–3 cm. wide, acute to emarginate and mucronulate at the apex, subcordate, finely puberulous and with some hairs on the nerves beneath; reticulation obscure; petiole 2–8 mm. long; petiolule 0.7–1.5 mm. long; stipules lanceolate, 0.5–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Inflorescences terminal or leaf-opposed, sometimes paniculate, very lax, the internodes between the 3–7 pairs of flowers long; rhachis 3–11 cm. long; peduncle 3–4 cm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; primary bracts ovate-lanceolate, 4–5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, acuminate, deciduous; secondary bracts 1.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Calyx puberulous or pubescent; tube 1.5–2 mm. long; teeth narrowly triangular, 3–4 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, acuminate, not imbricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Standard orange-buff to pink or reddish-violet, rarely whitish, 4–6 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide; wings purplish-mauve; keel pale greenish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Pods 1.8–2.5 cm. long, well exserted from the calyx, not constricted between the articles; articles 2–8, subcylindrical, 2.5–4 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, with raised reticulate ridges, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0000066213 morphology 060AF180-C4DC-4334-9251-A66C90B8D7A5 Ray florets yellow, few, ± erect, obovate, tubular for 1/2 their length, 5–8 mm long, 0.7–1.5 mm wide with 2–3 apical teeth and 4 veins, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67324 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224941-1 wfo-0000066213 morphology 060AF180-C4DC-4334-9251-A66C90B8D7A5 Disc florets bisexual, yellow, divided into lobes for 1/3 of their length, 4 mm long, lobes linear, 1.25 mm long, acute, minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67325 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224941-1 wfo-0000066213 morphology 060AF180-C4DC-4334-9251-A66C90B8D7A5 Achenes enclosed by pit walls, ± turbinate, 1.5–3.25 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, surface honeycomb-like, sticky, densely hairy, hairs mostly from base, varying in length, the longest at least equalling the length of the achene; pappus uniseriate, free, of 8–12 scales, each scale with a dark central zone, oblong or obovate, acuminate to long-acuminate, erose to deeply erose or laciniate in upper part, 1.5–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67326 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:224941-1 wfo-0000226700 morphology 973B5CFB-CB95-4FCF-AE78-8BBB96854270 A much branched tree 7.5–9 m tall with lemon-scented foliage; bark fissured longitudinally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67330 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597478-1 wfo-0000226700 morphology 973B5CFB-CB95-4FCF-AE78-8BBB96854270 Leaves lanceolate or almost linear, 2.2–5 cm long, 3–5.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67331 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597478-1 wfo-0000226700 morphology 973B5CFB-CB95-4FCF-AE78-8BBB96854270 Petals white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67332 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597478-1 wfo-0000226700 morphology 973B5CFB-CB95-4FCF-AE78-8BBB96854270 Capsule 5-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67333 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597478-1 wfo-0000226551 morphology 913259A9-AAF0-4931-B9D7-4E0A6890D368 Ericoid shrub about 2.5 m tall with spreading linear or linear-elliptic leaves 1.2 cm long, 2.2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67334 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:938303-1 wfo-0000226551 morphology 913259A9-AAF0-4931-B9D7-4E0A6890D368 Petals white, pink or crimson. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67335 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:938303-1 wfo-0000226551 morphology 913259A9-AAF0-4931-B9D7-4E0A6890D368 Fruit 5-locular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67336 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:938303-1 wfo-0000775642 morphology BE842881-8801-41FC-B1D9-5E2E0DBA90FB Small tree to 7.5 m with narrow leaves 0.5–2.5 cm wide; not weeping. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67341 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591369-1 wfo-0000775642 morphology BE842881-8801-41FC-B1D9-5E2E0DBA90FB Stamens red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67342 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591369-1 wfo-0000776261 morphology 2F0E8665-7DE0-4583-9A3F-FA602802DFDA A shrub 2.4–4.5 m tall; filaments red; anthers dark red; stigma yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67343 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591412-1 wfo-0000776261 morphology 2F0E8665-7DE0-4583-9A3F-FA602802DFDA Dale records it for Uganda (Introd. Trees Uganda: 15 (1953); T.T.C.L.: 370 (1949)). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591412-1 wfo-0000776261 morphology 2F0E8665-7DE0-4583-9A3F-FA602802DFDA Fig. 2/5–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591412-1 wfo-0000776116 morphology 1FFF5E46-60DF-47CC-8459-A48616E432B1 The tight inflorescence buds, about 2.5 cm long, have not been seen in Australian material. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591403-1 wfo-0000776293 morphology C7AA73C0-D65F-475E-AC26-8351E9A3CC82 Shrub to 3.5 m. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591414-1 wfo-0000776293 morphology C7AA73C0-D65F-475E-AC26-8351E9A3CC82 Stamens red with conspicuous yellow-green anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591414-1 wfo-0000776210 morphology 8EC7EBC4-6868-4292-B193-EDC235C5E19A Much branched tree to 7.5 m with red flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591407-1 wfo-0000239700 morphology 877C60E2-EB25-499A-A819-4284E259A418 Shrub to 3 m, glabrous save for very young shoots and inflorescence axis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598012-1 wfo-0000239700 morphology 877C60E2-EB25-499A-A819-4284E259A418 Leaves spirally arranged, oblanceolate or narrowly oblong-elliptic (more broadly elliptic in one variety) 0.9–2.7 cm long, 4.5–9(–13) mm wide, acute, the venation rather obscure, gland-dotted beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598012-1 wfo-0000239700 morphology 877C60E2-EB25-499A-A819-4284E259A418 Inflorescences lateral many-flowered spikes 2.3–4.7 cm long, up to 4 cm wide, the flower buds subtended by lanceolate acuminate bracts 8–10 mm long which soon fall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598012-1 wfo-0000239700 morphology 877C60E2-EB25-499A-A819-4284E259A418 Petals 4–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598012-1 wfo-0000239700 morphology 877C60E2-EB25-499A-A819-4284E259A418 Stamen claws yellow, 0.8–1.7 cm long with 20–34 crimson-tipped filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598012-1 wfo-0000239633 morphology F7B9E98C-7CD0-438E-A79A-F27A6DE2B773 A much branched aromatic evergreen shrub to 2.4 m with ± horizontal branches, narrowly elliptic opposite ± revolute leaves 2.7 cm long, 0.8–1 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597978-1 wfo-0000239633 morphology F7B9E98C-7CD0-438E-A79A-F27A6DE2B773 Spikes 7.5 cm long, 4.5–5 cm wide, flowers dark pink; anthers rich purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597978-1 wfo-0000239633 morphology F7B9E98C-7CD0-438E-A79A-F27A6DE2B773 Style and stigma green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597978-1 wfo-0000239883 morphology C4981488-A46E-437F-A096-C6FAE1CFEE6C Shrub usually only up to 1 m but recorded up to 6 m; usually with many branches from a woody tuber; bark corky, flaking; branchlets puberulous or quite glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598126-1 wfo-0000239883 morphology C4981488-A46E-437F-A096-C6FAE1CFEE6C Leaves opposite or subopposite, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 0.5–1.5 cm long, 1–3 mm wide, acute, usually glabrous, 3-nerved but often only midrib evident, ± strongly gland-dotted beneath, the margins slightly to distinctly thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598126-1 wfo-0000239883 morphology C4981488-A46E-437F-A096-C6FAE1CFEE6C Inflorescences ± few-flowered dense axillary spikes usually on older wood, ± 1.5 cm long with flowers solitary within each bract. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598126-1 wfo-0000239883 morphology C4981488-A46E-437F-A096-C6FAE1CFEE6C Petals pink to purple, 4–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598126-1 wfo-0000239883 morphology C4981488-A46E-437F-A096-C6FAE1CFEE6C Staminal bundles pink to purple with claws 4–6 mm long and 40–60 filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598126-1 wfo-0000239685 morphology 37FD43C7-3069-4A77-8038-5CA10A6C4B77 Shrub or small tree to 10 m with layered papery soft bark; branchlets pubescent, soon glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598003-1 wfo-0000239685 morphology 37FD43C7-3069-4A77-8038-5CA10A6C4B77 Leaves opposite or subopposite, linear-lanceolate, 1–3.2 cm long, 1–3 mm wide, acute, glabrous, 3-nerved with oil glands usually very distinct beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598003-1 wfo-0000239685 morphology 37FD43C7-3069-4A77-8038-5CA10A6C4B77 Inflorescences many-flowered usually open terminal or subterminal spikes with flowers solitary within each bract, usually opposite. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598003-1 wfo-0000239685 morphology 37FD43C7-3069-4A77-8038-5CA10A6C4B77 Petals white, 2–3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598003-1 wfo-0000239685 morphology 37FD43C7-3069-4A77-8038-5CA10A6C4B77 Staminal bundles white with claws 0.4–1.5 cm long and 30–60 filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598003-1 wfo-0000239396 morphology 438326F3-A035-4C03-B3D4-635BA17DCB24 Shrub or small tree 4–7 m tall with soft layered peeling papery bark; branchlets glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597833-1 wfo-0000239396 morphology 438326F3-A035-4C03-B3D4-635BA17DCB24 Leaves alternate, linear, 1–3.5 cm long, usually under 1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597833-1 wfo-0000239396 morphology 438326F3-A035-4C03-B3D4-635BA17DCB24 Flowers white, solitary within each bract arranged in many-flowered spikes, terminal or from upper axils. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597833-1 wfo-0000239396 morphology 438326F3-A035-4C03-B3D4-635BA17DCB24 Petals rounded ovate, 2 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597833-1 wfo-0000239396 morphology 438326F3-A035-4C03-B3D4-635BA17DCB24 Staminal bundles with claw 11 mm long and 30–35 filaments spread all over claw, those at base shortest. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597833-1 wfo-0000239798 morphology EE8D2AD5-1E6E-4506-994A-22BF47E44BBB Shrub 0.3–2.5 m tall, glabrous save for the young shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598074-1 wfo-0000239798 morphology EE8D2AD5-1E6E-4506-994A-22BF47E44BBB Leaves opposite, linear, 1.3–4.2(–6) cm long, 0.8–1.3(–2.5) mm wide, acute, with only the midrib evident, strongly revolute at margins, gland-dotted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598074-1 wfo-0000239798 morphology EE8D2AD5-1E6E-4506-994A-22BF47E44BBB Inflorescences 2–10-flowered, (0.3–)1–3 cm long, the flower pairs well-spaced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598074-1 wfo-0000239798 morphology EE8D2AD5-1E6E-4506-994A-22BF47E44BBB Petals pink, 5–6 mm diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598074-1 wfo-0000239798 morphology EE8D2AD5-1E6E-4506-994A-22BF47E44BBB Staminal claws purple, mauve, lilac, pink or white, 2.2–6.2 mm long with 30–90 filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598074-1 wfo-0000239798 morphology EE8D2AD5-1E6E-4506-994A-22BF47E44BBB Fruit globular, 7–11 mm wide with narrow opening. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598074-1 wfo-0000239797 morphology BBC29AAD-24ED-4747-B22D-C4DA23C3A8FF Tree 6–25 m tall, 1.3 m circumference, with buff-coloured or white thickly laminated corky bark splitting into light papery flakes; young shoots densely silky. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598073-1 wfo-0000239797 morphology BBC29AAD-24ED-4747-B22D-C4DA23C3A8FF Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate, 5–9 cm long, 0.6–2.4 cm wide, (3–)4–6(–7) times as long as wide, coriaceous, acute or narrowly obtuse, attenuate into the petiole, at length glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598073-1 wfo-0000239797 morphology BBC29AAD-24ED-4747-B22D-C4DA23C3A8FF Spikes solitary or 2–3 together, terminal and sometimes in uppermost 1–3 axils, 4–8.5 cm long, 2.5–3.5 cm wide; rachis sparsely to densely hairy or almost glabrous; flowers white, cream or pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598073-1 wfo-0000239797 morphology BBC29AAD-24ED-4747-B22D-C4DA23C3A8FF Petals with linear and elliptic glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598073-1 wfo-0000239797 morphology BBC29AAD-24ED-4747-B22D-C4DA23C3A8FF Fig. 1/5–7, p. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598073-1 wfo-0000239436 morphology 6C6C01C4-A4BF-4AF9-88A1-7843FF870D55 Shrub or small tree 2–15 m tall with dark grey fissured bark; young shoots pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597856-1 wfo-0000239436 morphology 6C6C01C4-A4BF-4AF9-88A1-7843FF870D55 Leaves spirally arranged, sessile, very narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 0.7–1.8(–2) cm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, up to 7-nerved, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597856-1 wfo-0000239436 morphology 6C6C01C4-A4BF-4AF9-88A1-7843FF870D55 Inflorescence spiciform, terminal at first but axis soon grows out; flowers in 1–3-flowered groups, each in the axil of a persistent ovate bract, in the specimen seen, flowers appearing solitary and axillary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597856-1 wfo-0000239436 morphology 6C6C01C4-A4BF-4AF9-88A1-7843FF870D55 Calyx green, pubescent outside; petals and stamens slightly greenish cream. Style glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597856-1 wfo-0000239859 morphology 5F43228F-C629-42ED-A0B2-F0FDFAEA474D Shrub to 6 m or small tree unusually up to 20 m with typically layered papery bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598110-1 wfo-0000239859 morphology 5F43228F-C629-42ED-A0B2-F0FDFAEA474D Leaves scattered, ovate-lanceolate, 0.4–2.5 cm long, 2–6 mm wide, acute with a pungent point, often twisted and concave above, 15–30-veined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598110-1 wfo-0000239859 morphology 5F43228F-C629-42ED-A0B2-F0FDFAEA474D Inflorescence few–many-flowered, dense, sometimes leafy; upper axillary, terminal or subterminal spikes with flowers single or in threes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598110-1 wfo-0000239859 morphology 5F43228F-C629-42ED-A0B2-F0FDFAEA474D Calyx-lobes with pungent points. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598110-1 wfo-0000239859 morphology 5F43228F-C629-42ED-A0B2-F0FDFAEA474D Petals white, 1–2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598110-1 wfo-0000239859 morphology 5F43228F-C629-42ED-A0B2-F0FDFAEA474D Staminal bundles white with claw 3–4 mm long and 13–26 filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598110-1 wfo-0000239630 morphology 7F2FF7A4-482B-4872-9463-37C2F68C19BA Tree or shrub 1.2–6 m tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597977-1 wfo-0000239630 morphology 7F2FF7A4-482B-4872-9463-37C2F68C19BA Leaves small, ericoid, elliptic-lanceolate, 4–6 mm long, 1.7 mm wide, ± prominently 3–5-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597977-1 wfo-0000239630 morphology 7F2FF7A4-482B-4872-9463-37C2F68C19BA Stamens white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597977-1 wfo-0000239630 morphology 7F2FF7A4-482B-4872-9463-37C2F68C19BA Fruiting spike narrow, 11.5 cm long, 8 mm wide, shorter in wild material. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597977-1 wfo-0000239783 morphology 916006BE-C37A-43FA-AF01-5E32E82352C9 Shrub or tree 1.5–10 m tall with whitish papery bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598063-1 wfo-0000239783 morphology 916006BE-C37A-43FA-AF01-5E32E82352C9 Leaves stiff, linear, 1.4 cm long, 1–2 mm wide, very narrowly rounded at the apex, very obscurely 1–3-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598063-1 wfo-0000239783 morphology 916006BE-C37A-43FA-AF01-5E32E82352C9 Spikes terminal, 2.5–7 cm long, 2 cm wide; rachis silky pubescent; petals white or yellow, 2.5 mm long; staminal claws 2–3 mm long with (15–)16–30 filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598063-1 wfo-0000239413 morphology 6674B28E-2F8A-49A7-A7DF-D604C7BEBD85 Graceful shrub or small tree 0.5–9 m tall with furrowed grey bark which peels from lower part of trunk; branches pendulous; characteristic white lines on shoots from which leaves originate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597845-1 wfo-0000239413 morphology 6674B28E-2F8A-49A7-A7DF-D604C7BEBD85 Leaves spirally arranged, needle-like, 0.9–2.8(–3.5) cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597845-1 wfo-0000239413 morphology 6674B28E-2F8A-49A7-A7DF-D604C7BEBD85 Flowers white in cylindrical spikes 2.5–6.5 cm long, 2.5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597845-1 wfo-0000239413 morphology 6674B28E-2F8A-49A7-A7DF-D604C7BEBD85 Staminal claw 4–8 mm long with 10–20 white or rarely mauve filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597845-1 wfo-0000239729 morphology 2473110C-8DF4-4EA3-9848-C7D4CD10CABE Leaves alternate, obovate-oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, 1–2(–4) cm long, 3–9 mm wide, rounded and sometimes mucronulate at the apex, conspicuously wrinkled but nervation often scarcely visible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598032-1 wfo-0000239729 morphology 2473110C-8DF4-4EA3-9848-C7D4CD10CABE Flowers in terminal heads 1.8–2.5 cm diameter, usually overtopped by outgrowing leafy axes after anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598032-1 wfo-0000239729 morphology 2473110C-8DF4-4EA3-9848-C7D4CD10CABE Petals ± 2 mm long, scarious. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598032-1 wfo-0000239729 morphology 2473110C-8DF4-4EA3-9848-C7D4CD10CABE Staminal claws about same length with 10–15 pink, lavender or purple-red filaments. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598032-1 wfo-0000239729 morphology 2473110C-8DF4-4EA3-9848-C7D4CD10CABE Shrub 1–7 m tall, ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598032-1 wfo-0000973356 morphology D4CD0A52-1121-4FF4-AA22-ED1B9AE454BC Tree to 30 m with pink or pinkish grey smooth bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:590640-1 wfo-0000973356 morphology D4CD0A52-1121-4FF4-AA22-ED1B9AE454BC Leaves very like those of some Eucalyptus species, narrowly lanceolate or elliptic to narrowly ovate, (4–)8–19 cm long, (0.6–)1.2–3.5 cm wide, acute at the apex, attenuate at the base, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:590640-1 wfo-0000973356 morphology D4CD0A52-1121-4FF4-AA22-ED1B9AE454BC Flowers in 3-flowered umbels with axes covered with stiff capitate hairs or ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:590640-1 wfo-0000973356 morphology D4CD0A52-1121-4FF4-AA22-ED1B9AE454BC Calyx lobes 5, up to 3 mm long, similarly hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:590640-1 wfo-0000973356 morphology D4CD0A52-1121-4FF4-AA22-ED1B9AE454BC Petals white, ± round, ± 4 mm diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:590640-1 wfo-0000973356 morphology D4CD0A52-1121-4FF4-AA22-ED1B9AE454BC Fruits campanulate or ovoid, woody, 1–1.7 cm long and wide, prominently ribbed, glabrous to densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:590640-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Tree 5–30 m tall, 1.3 m girth, with longitudinally furrowed stringy bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Leaves in whorls of 4–5, elliptic to lanceolate, 7–17 cm long, 2–6.5 cm wide, acute to acuminate at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Flowers scented, in few-flowered axillary cymes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Calyx long white-hairy; lobes narrow and acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Petals white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Stamens in 5 bundles with linear claws as long as petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Fruit hemispherical to cup-shaped, 7–10 mm long, 9–12 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230658 morphology 1FEDEAAC-1F8D-4E89-B603-4C0DC025BA9B Fig. 3, p. 12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910845-1 wfo-0000230664 morphology 9FAD56C5-02F4-4EAD-8BB9-F33A2883042F Tree to 11 m differing in short obtuse calyx-lobes and staminal claws being half as long as the petals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:910848-1 wfo-0000242427 morphology B6EE6FEA-3EEE-40BE-8564-E8E45AFDC1FC Tree to 21 m with short thick trunk to 1.5 m diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598207-1 wfo-0000242427 morphology B6EE6FEA-3EEE-40BE-8564-E8E45AFDC1FC Leaves lanceolate to oblong, 2.5–10 cm long, 1–5.2 cm wide, obtuse or acute at the apex, thick, usually tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598207-1 wfo-0000242427 morphology B6EE6FEA-3EEE-40BE-8564-E8E45AFDC1FC Flowers dark crimson in many-flowered terminal cymes with stamens 3–3.8 cm long and calyx and pedicels densely grey tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598207-1 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Shrub or small tree 0.9–7 m tall with pale grey bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Leaves opposite, elliptic, or oblong-elliptic, 2.8–7 cm long, 1.5–4 cm wide, obtuse at the apex, smooth and glossy olive-green above, densely white-tomentose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Flowers in 1–3-flowered axillary or terminal cymes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Calyx-tube and outside of lobes white-tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Petals white or pink outside, crimson-purple or lilac-pink inside, up to 2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Stamens 1.5–2.5 cm long, with crimson or purple filaments and yellow anthers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Fruit dull green or yellow-green, often with dull red or orange blush, oblong or ellipsoid-ovoid, 2.5–8 cm long, 2.8–5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000281732 morphology C96884AF-8316-4832-9686-D1844A27EC04 Fig. 4/4–5, p. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1733-2 wfo-0000248712 morphology D148940E-D96D-4CD8-B747-DC8A7FDAF7B0 Shrub 0.9–3 m tall or sometimes a small tree, with scented foliage. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599719-1 wfo-0000248712 morphology D148940E-D96D-4CD8-B747-DC8A7FDAF7B0 Leaves lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or ovate, 0.5–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599719-1 wfo-0000248712 morphology D148940E-D96D-4CD8-B747-DC8A7FDAF7B0 Flowers white, solitary, axillary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599719-1 wfo-0000248712 morphology D148940E-D96D-4CD8-B747-DC8A7FDAF7B0 Berry blue-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599719-1 wfo-0000248712 morphology D148940E-D96D-4CD8-B747-DC8A7FDAF7B0 Fig. 4/1–3, p. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599719-1 wfo-0000273391 morphology BC618886-7509-4BB9-850D-3BC281ACA946 Tree to 20 m with young branchlets glandular and pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196799-2 wfo-0000273391 morphology BC618886-7509-4BB9-850D-3BC281ACA946 Leaves aromatic, oblong-elliptic, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 5.5–17(–22) cm long, 2–6.5(–8) cm wide, rounded to obtusely acuminate at the apex, ± glabrous beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196799-2 wfo-0000273391 morphology BC618886-7509-4BB9-850D-3BC281ACA946 Flowers white, 4-merous, small in many-flowered panicles 5–12 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196799-2 wfo-0000273391 morphology BC618886-7509-4BB9-850D-3BC281ACA946 Fruit subglobose, 5–10 mm diameter, densely covered with convex glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196799-2 wfo-0000273391 morphology BC618886-7509-4BB9-850D-3BC281ACA946 Fig. 1/3–4, p. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196799-2 wfo-0000273421 morphology E26671C4-D40D-443F-90E8-B352C0FE9B62 Shrub or small slender tree 7.5–15 m tall; bark thin and scaly, peeling to produce a mottled trunk; essentially glabrous but with dense glands on stems and leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196820-2 wfo-0000273421 morphology E26671C4-D40D-443F-90E8-B352C0FE9B62 Leaves very aromatic, obovate to elliptic, 3–15 cm long, 1.2–7.5 cm wide, acute to broadly rounded at the apex, coriaceous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196820-2 wfo-0000273421 morphology E26671C4-D40D-443F-90E8-B352C0FE9B62 Flowers white, 5-merous, small, in many flowered ((5–)15–100) panicles 2.5–12 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196820-2 wfo-0000273421 morphology E26671C4-D40D-443F-90E8-B352C0FE9B62 Fruit subglobose, 6–12 mm diameter, 1–4-seeded (2–8 fide T.T.C.L.). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196820-2 wfo-0000248098 morphology CE50C9DA-2470-4BCF-8EDA-97C5482A32A3 Evergreen shrub or small tree 3–4.5 m tall with reddish brown branchlets, puberulous when young; bark flaking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599327-1 wfo-0000248098 morphology CE50C9DA-2470-4BCF-8EDA-97C5482A32A3 Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, 2.5–8 cm long, 0.8–3 cm wide with slender attenuate apex with sharply acute tip; petiole 3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599327-1 wfo-0000248098 morphology CE50C9DA-2470-4BCF-8EDA-97C5482A32A3 Flower clusters subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599327-1 wfo-0000248098 morphology CE50C9DA-2470-4BCF-8EDA-97C5482A32A3 Stamens ± 75. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599327-1 wfo-0000248098 morphology CE50C9DA-2470-4BCF-8EDA-97C5482A32A3 Fruit orange to dark red or blackish red, globose or ± oblate-spheroid, 0.8–1.6 cm diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:599327-1 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Tree to 25 m with rough fibrous bark on trunk but white and smooth above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Juvenile leaves ovate or ± round; adult lanceolate, 10–16 cm long, 1.7–3 cm wide; petiole not or slightly flattened, 1.5–2.2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle quadrangular, 1–1.5 cm long, pedicels 0–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Buds cylindrical, glaucous; operculum conical, 4–8 mm long, 4–7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Calyx-tube 4–8 mm long, 4–7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Fruits glaucous, cylindrical to suburceolate, 6–15 mm long, 5–10 mm wide, often ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Perianth absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Stamens 2, opposite each other; filaments very short and broad; anthers 2-thecous, extrorse, the 2 relatively large pollen-sacs divergent and well separated; pollen-grains luniform and of a unique type, buoyant urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Ovaries 2-8, but usually 4, free, superior, sessile at first, becoming long-stipitate in fruit; ovule solitary, pendulous, campylotropous, crassinucellar; stigma sessile, peltate, ventroapical urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Fruits ovoid-pyriform, often asymmetric, beaked drupes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000535 morphology 6E9F4539-10C7-4CD5-86BC-F14581D82C31 Seeds hard, without endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126829-1 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Trees, shrubs or suffrutices urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Leaves alternate or rarely opposite or verticillate, usually coriaceous, estipulate, entire to toothed or lobed or pinnate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Inflorescence a raceme, spike or head urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Flowers ? or rarely (not in East Africa) dioecious, zygomorphic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Perianth 4-merous, the segments ± fused into a tube in bud but variously separating in flower, in native genera differentiated into a swollen base, narrow claw and expanded terminal limb, with the tube splitting before the limb to release a loop of the style while the stigma remains enclosed in the limb urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Staments 4, fused to the perianth and (in Flora area) lying inside the limb, attached opposite the perianth-segments, the filaments largely adnate to the perianth-segments and the anthers free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Four small hypogynous scales often present on the receptacle between perianth and ovary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Ovary superior, sessile or shortly stalked, often clothed with long hairs, 1-locular with ovules variously numerous in 2 series, or 2, or solitary and orthotropous or amphitropous to anatropous; style (in Flora area) long, often exceeding the perianth, variously modified distally into a filiform to expanded pollen-presenter urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000499 morphology 797A6172-DBF4-43F0-A30A-253F2D660D46 Fruit a follicle, capsule, drupe or nut urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004394-2 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Trees or shrubs, less often lianas or epiphytic shrubs, often with stilt-roots or aerial roots from the lower trunk, and sometimes from the branches; branches woody, with annular leaf-scars urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Leaves spirally arranged in 3 or 2 rows (the latter appearing as 4 rows), crowded towards the apices of the branches, simple, lanceolate or linear, sheathing at the base, coriaceous, keeled and often 3-plicate, usually with small prickles on the midrib beneath, on the margins, and sometimes on the distal ventral pleats as well urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Flowers unisexual, crowded in branched or unbranched spadices (panicles in Sararanga); inflorescences terminal or terminating lateral shoots, enclosed at first by spathaceous and often coloured bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Male flowers: perianth absent or vestigial; stamens few-numerous, in corymbs or umbels; filaments free or connate; anthers erect, basifixed, 2-thecous, opening lengthwise by slits; ovary vestigial or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Female flowers with 1-several ovaries, lacking perianth parts, sometimes with staminodia; ovary 1-locular, free or confluent with adjacent ovaries into bundles, but always with separate stigmas corresponding with the number of locules; style absent or vestigial; stigma appressed or erect, lined with glandular hairs hardening at maturity, various in form but often rounded-cordate, V- or U-shaped, horseshoe-shaped or kidney-shaped, with a basal groove corresponding in position to the location of the placenta, i.e. directly above it; staminodes, if present, hypogynous and ± adnate to the ovary (or compound ovary) wall; ovules anatropous, solitary (in >i>Pandanus) or many (in >i>Freycinetia), parietal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Cephalia (fruiting heads) globose to oblong, solitary or in a spike, composed of ripened fruits—either drupes or clusters of partly fused drupes (phalanges) in >i>Pandanus, or berries (in >i>Freycinetia); pericarp thin, coriaceous to fleshy or firm; mesocarp fibrous, with spongy pith, fleshy (in >i>Pandanus) or gelatinous-fleshy (in >i>Freycinetia); endocarp fibrous and bony (in >i>Pandanus) to thin and lignified (>i>Sararanga) to membranous (>i>Freycinetia), enclosing the locule(s) in an integral structure; all or only some — but at least the interior ones—locules fertile urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000439 morphology F3146A37-B716-4350-976C-B974DE5BC705 Seeds free (>i>Freycinetia, Sararanga) or inseparable from the endocarp (>i>Pandanus); testa membranous and delicate; endosperm white, homogeneous; embryo sub-basal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126751-1 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Aquatic herbs, perennial or rarely annual, glabrous, rooted in the substrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Vegetative shoot system comprising horizontal shoots, mostly stoloniferous, non chlorophyllous (here called rhizomes) and vertical shoots, erect or sometimes ± floating, often densely branched, chlorophyllous (here called stems); tubers or turions sometimes present on the horizontal and/or the erect shoots urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Leaves alternate or subopposite, rarely ternate, sessile or petiolate, simple, served by 3 traces, parallel-veined or with a single midvein; stipules present throughout or only on young shoots ( Groenlandia ), often forming a tubular sheath around the stem and young inflorescence, either free or adnate to the base of the blade; intravaginal scales 2– several, situated in leaf axils, mostly linear to subulate, rarely ovate, entire and acute; bladeentire, denticulate or serrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Inflorescences pedunculate, with 2 opposite flowers ( >i>Groenlandia ) or more than 2 flowers in a dense or interrupted spike ( >i>Potamogeton ); peduncle rigid and mostly slightly elevated above the water level, but sometimes flexuous, the flowers resting then on the water surface, rarely submerged, but often withdrawing the fruits below the surface; bracts abortive or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Flowers& #2695; (hermaphrodite), small, regular, hypogynous, tetramerous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Perianth: a singlewhorl of 4 valvate shortly clawed tepals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Stamens 4, opposite the tepals and basally adnate to the claw; anthers sessile, bilocular, extrorse, opening by longitudinal slits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Gynoecium superior, of (1– 3) 4 (5– 8) carpels, sessile, free or shortly connate at the base, alternating with the stamens; styles usually short; stigma unicellular-papillate and strongly secretory or smooth and dry or weakly secretory; ovule solitary in the carpel and attached to its ventral margin, orthotropous at first, but becoming campylotropous at maturity, pendant and filling the locule, bitegmic, crassinucellate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Fruit apocarpous consisting of distinct sessile fruitlets, ± drupaceous, but opening with a dorsal lid, with a rather fleshy parenchymatous mesocarp and a sclerified endocarp, the latter multi-layered ( >i>Potamogeton )or 1-layered ( >i>Groenlandia ) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000495 morphology 8746827A-08D0-4C3A-9C78-33C66B53BD40 Seed without endosperm; embryo unciform or spiral (i.e. coiled more than 1 complete turn), with a large hypocotyl and a single obliquely terminal cotyledon that encloses the plumule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005043-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Giant herbs from a branched or unbranched corm-like rootstock urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Leaves arising from the apex of the corm, spirally arranged, very large; leaf-sheaths elongated, densely imbricate and forming a cylindrical pseudostem; lamina oblong, with a strongly channelled midrib and very many pinnately-arranged parallel lateral veins urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Inflorescence terminal on the corm, growing up through the centre of the pseudostem and thus appearing to arise from its apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Flowers unisexual, those on the proximal parts of the inflorescence ?, on the distal ?, borne in condensed groups subtended by spathaceous bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Calyx spathaceous, splitting down one side, with ± 3 teeth at the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Corolla lobes 3, 2 of them adnate to the calyx-tube, the third separate and directed downwards urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Stamens 6, but one usually rudimentary; filaments terete, thin; anthers dithecous with parallel thecae urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Ovary inferior, 3-locular; placentation axile; ovules many urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000398 morphology 42E5E437-2808-4141-BA2C-267FBB778F7E Fruit a large elongated fleshy 3-locular berry containing, in the wild species, numerous very hard subspherical seeds containing a straight embryo and copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000849-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Herbs, shrubs, lianas or small trees, monoecious, dioecious or rarely polygamous, some genera with stinging hairs, but also frequently with stiff non-stinging hairs, which may be curled or sharply hooked; usually with punctiform, elongated or linear cystoliths in epidermal cells urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Leaves alternate or opposite, sometimes anisophyllous, petiolate or sessile; stipules usually present, lateral or often intrapetiolar, often fused; lamina simple or 3–5(–7)-lobed, margin entire or variously dentate, usually with 3 subequal nerves from the base, the basal pair of nerves reaching towards the leaf-apex, the other lateral nerves usually weaker and shorter, cystoliths usually clearly visible in the epidermis of the upper surface urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Inflorescences very varied, mostly pedunculate, lax or condensed racemes, often with flowers in small cymose glomerules, or sessile and condensed cymes in leaf-axils, partial inflorescences often subtended by involucral bracts, the inflorescence-axis sometimes flattened into a disc-shaped, ± fleshy receptacle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Flowers minute, unisexual or rarely bisexual, actinomorphic or (especially in ? flowers) zygomorphic, with single whorl of tepals or rarely the ? flowers naked, pedicel often articulated below perianth urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Male flowers with (l–)2–5(–6) tepals, free or connate in lower half; stamens equalling tepals in number or solitary, always inflexed in bud; rudimentary ovary often present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Female flowers with 3–5 tepals, free or ± completely united, often very unequal, often accrescent after pollination, rarely rudimentary or completely absent; staminodes, if present, rudimentary or scale-like and important for the dispersal of the fruit (ejecting the achene when reflexing); ovary superior, usually laterally compressed, often oblique or asymmetrical, unilocular, unicarpellate, placentation basal, with 1 erect ovule; stigma capitate, penicillate or filiform, linear urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000631 morphology 79B3FE78-7A3F-45D5-8723-545437018FB4 Fruit an achene, sometimes enclosed by persistent accrescent perianth which may become fleshy urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000535-2 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Trees, shrubs or rarely subshrubs, glabrous or with simple hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Leaves alternate, simple, pinnately nerved; stipules small, absent or large and deciduous, enclosing the leaf-buds and leaving scars on the stem urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Flowers in axillary cymes, racemes or panicles, regular, normally hermaphrodite, not heterostylous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Sepals 4-5, imbricate, free or united at the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Petals 4-5(-6), imbricate or contorted in bud, free, not clawed, sometimes persistent, in some genera becoming indurated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Stamens 5, 8-10 or 20, all fertile; filaments inserted on the outer side of a ring- or cup-like disk, either free or basally attached to the disk; anthers dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally; filaments and style folded in the bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Ovary superior, 2-5(-6)-locular, each locule with 1-2 ovules and often±divided by a false septum; ovules, if 2, collateral, pendulous; styles simple or several completely united with 5 stigmas free and radiating or united or stigma simple urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Fruit a capsule dehiscing septicidally and sometimes partially loculicidally into 5 valves or an indehiscent 1-5-locular drupe or samara urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000304 morphology 8C01D84A-72E4-48F9-9F8E-EA875D2EFBE5 Seeds with or without endosperm, sometimes arillate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126604-1 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Dioecious or monoecious often poisonous prostrate, erect or scandent annual, biennial or perennial herbs, shrubs or trees, with the stems succulent or not, spiny or unarmed, sometimes with phylloclades, with or without a milky latex or coloured sap; indumentum 0 or of simple, branched or stellate hairs or peltate scales, the hairs sometimes urticating urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Leaves usually alternate, sometimes opposite, rarely whorled, occasionally all three, green or scarious and squamiform, commonly petiolate, sometimes sessile, stipulate or exstipulate, simple, lobed or compound, entire or variously toothed, peltate or not, palminerved or penninerved, often with a pair — sometimes with several pairs — of basal glands at or near the petiole-insertion, and/or minutely pellucid-glandular-punctate beneath urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Stipules free or connate, sometimes spathaceous, membranaceous, capilliform, glandular or spiny, subpersistent to readily caducous or 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Inflorescences terminal, axillary, lateral or leaf-opposed, cymose, paniculate, racemose or spicate, or with the flowers aggregated into involucrate pseudanthia, as in the glanduliferous cyathia of the Euphorbieae, which may themselves be aggregated into pseudopleiochasial super-inflorescences, or else with the flowers fasciculate or solitary in the leaf-axils urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Flowers unisexual, usually actinomorphic and small to minute urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Calyx in both sexes usually of 3–6-valvate, imbricate or open equal or unequal lobes or free sepals, often dissimilar between the two sexes, rarely the ? calyx spathaceous, sometimes accrescent, minute or 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Corolla in one or both sexes of 3–6 free or rarely united subvalvate or imbricate petals, or petals minute or 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Disc in the ? flowers of 5–6 or occasionally more free extrastaminal and/or intrastaminal glands, rarely the disc annular or cupular and extrastaminal or lobate and central, or else the disc receptacular, domed and aperturate with the stamens arising through the apertures, or disc 0; in the ? flowers hypogynous, annular and flat or cupular, entire or lobate, rarely of separate glands, or 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Stamens (1–)3–100(–1000), the filaments free or connate into a central column, simple or rarely branched, anthers 2(–4)-thecous, dehiscing longitudinally, rarely by pores, erect or inflexed in bud, with the thecae usually parallel and adnate to the connective throughout, sometimes free at the base, occasionally completely free and erect, divaricate or pendulous, rarely with the thecae superposed or laterally fused to form an annulus urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Pistillode often present, variously shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Ovary superior, sessile or rarely stipitate, 1–4(–20)-locular but most commonly 3-locular; placentation axile, with the ovules solitary or 2 and collateral in each locule and pendulous from its inner angle, anatropous, hemitropous or amphitropous, epitropous, crassinucellate, with a ventral raphe and with the hilar region between the raphe and the epimicropylar obturator, when the latter present; funicle often thickened; styles 1–4(–20), usually 3, free or united, erect or spreading, entire, bifid, multifid or laciniate, with the inner face usually stigmatic throughout and smooth, granulate, papillose or fimbriate and often tinged reddish or purplish urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Staminodes occasionally present, usually subulate, or 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Fruit usually schizocarpic, dehiscing septifragally and septicidally into 1–4(–20) (but usually 3) bivalved cocci leaving a persistent winged or angled columella, the valves then opening ventrally to allow the seeds to escape, or else the fruit loculicidally dehiscent, usually into 3 septate valves, or all three modes of dehiscence present and ± simultaneous, or else the fruit indehiscent, drupaceous or subdrupaceous, with an epicarp, with or without a fleshy mesocarp and with a paleaceous, crustaceous, ligneous or osseous endocarp, 1–3-or more locular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000224 morphology D3B51B3D-663C-41B5-AD55-FD0512DCD996 Seeds 1–2 per locule, or by abortion solitary in the fruits, attached near or above the middle of the locule, carunculate or not, often myrmecochorous; testa crustaceous to osseous; endosperm usually copious and fleshy, rarely 0; embryo straight, extending for most of the length of the seed; radicle superior; cotyledons usually broad and flat, rarely thick and fleshy or folded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30375178-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Monoecious, dioecious or hermaphrodite, submerged or rarely floating, freshwater or marine, annual or perennial herbs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Roots mostly simple, adventitious, rarely with root hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Stems corm-like or elongate, rhizomatous, stoloniferous or erect, simple or dichotomously branched urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Leaves radical, or spirally arranged, or in whorls along the stem, or distichous or rarely opposite, sessile or petiolate, sometimes sheathing at the base; venation parallel or only midrib present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Stipules rarely present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Nodal scales (squamulae intravaginales) often present, situated in leaf-axils urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Flowers unisexual or bisexual, 1–many, mostly regular, arranged in a spathe, the spathe axillary, sessile or pedunculate and composed of 2 wholly or partly connate, rarely free, bracts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Perianth-tube (hypanthium) often present in ? and hermaphrodite flowers, exerted from or near the apex of the ovary, usually extending to carry perianth to water surface urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Perianth segments 3 or 6, the latter differentiated into sepals and petals; sepals free, usually green or whitish, often reflexed; petals free, often showy, sometimes reflexed; stamens 2–many, in 1 or more whorls; anthers 2–4-thecous, basifixed, dorsally or latrorsely, rarely introrsely or extrorsely dehiscent; filaments filiform or flattened, linear or club-shaped in outline, rarely 0; staminodes often present in ? flowers, rarely so in ? flowers, in the latter the staminodes differentiated from the inner whorl of stamens; ovary inferior, composed of 2–15 connate carpels, 1(–3)-locular; placentation parietal, rarely basal; ovules few to many, anatropus or orthotropus; styles 2–15; stigmas 2–15, entire or 2-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Fruit a capsule, sometimes beaked from remains of the perianth-tube, dehiscent or opening by decay of the pericarp urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000286 morphology E2B39588-1E7F-4370-87B4-36955B2FBBA2 Seeds usually minute; embryo straight with inconspicuous or conspicuous plumule; endosperm 0 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30013086-2 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Monoecious trees or shrubs or lianes with bisexual flowers, with aromatic oils in stems and leaves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Leaves alternate, exstipulate, simple or palmately compound, sometimes with small pellucid dots, 3–7-nerved at or a little above the base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Flowers usually small, greenish yellow, cream-coloured or white in axillary, peduncled, corymbose or panicled, bracteate or ebracteate cymes, bisexual or polygamous by abortion, regular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Perianth superior; segments free or shortly united below, in two valvate 3–5-merous whorls, or more rarely in one imbricate 4–8-merous whorl urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Stamens 3–5 in a single whorl, opposite the outer perianth- segments when the perianth is double, or 2–7 but generally 4 when the perianth is single; anthers 2-thecous, dehiscing introrsely or laterally by 2 flap-like valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Staminodes ± glandular, in 1 or 2 whorls usually outside the stamens, or absent; those of the outer whorl in pairs at the base of the stamens, those of the inner whorl alternate with the stamens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Ovary inferior, 1-locular; ovule solitary, pendulous, anatropous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Fruit dry, often longitudinally ribbed, sometimes with 2–4 longitudinal wings (Illigera), or with 2 terminal wings formed by accrescent perianth-segments (>i>Gyrocarpus), or wingless and enclosed in an inflated capsule (>i>Hernandia) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000278 morphology 8C5CC419-3402-41A3-BAA1-02ABC1CAAAE5 Seed solitary, without endosperm, enclosed in woody endocarp; embryo straight; cotyledons large, plano-convex, ± lobed, or flattened and spirally twisted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126704-1 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Trees, shrubs or subshrubs, glabrous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple, entire, pinnately nerved; stipules ± united, intrapetiolar or rarely interpetiolar urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Flowers axillary, solitary, in fascicles or rarely in pedunculate inflorescences, regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual, heterostylous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Sepals (4–)5, valvate, ± united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Petals (4–)5, with contorted aestivation, free, clawed, soon falling, usually with a ligulate nectariferous appendage inside urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Stamens 10, all fertile, the filaments united at the base to form a shallow or urn-shaped cup, sometimes glandular; anthers basifixed, dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Ovary superior, 2–3(–4)-locular, the locules with 1 or rarely 2 pendulous ovules; styles 2–3(–4), free or ± united, with club-shaped, capitate or rarely acute stigmas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Fruit a 1-seeded fleshy drupe or rarely a 3(–4)-locular, 3(–4)-seeded capsule dehiscing longitudinally urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000221 morphology 7C9999E5-4AA6-4CEF-854E-36E7B3295547 Seeds with no aril and no or very little endosperm; embryo straight with flat or semiconvex cotyledons urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30006363-2 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Small to large usually resinous mostly buttressed trees; indumentum various but often of fasciculate hairs, frequently glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Leaves alternate, simple, entire or sinuate at margin; stipules paired, large or small, persistent or soon falling urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Flowers ?, regular, in axillary or terminal branched panicles, racemose or less often cymose; bracts and bracteoles paired, persistent or soon falling urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Seeds brown, oblong-ellipsoid, slightly compressed, longest dimension 2.5 mm., shorter dimension 1.5 mm., 1.2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0001058640 morphology 90E3EF9E-59D1-4CBA-904E-DC9D8D6AB417 Fig. 71/B, p. 492. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473541-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Erect or somewhat spreading perennial herb 0.1–1.2 m. tall from a tough woody rootstock. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Stems glabrous to pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Leaves unifoliolate; leaflet linear to elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 1–10 cm. long, 0.2–1.8 cm. wide, acute or obtuse and mucronulate at the apex, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, rather thick, finely puberulous and with some longer hairs beneath, strongly reticulate on both surfaces; petiole 1.5–8 mm. long; petiolule 0.5–1 mm. long; stipules lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.6–1.7 (–2.7) cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Inflorescences terminal or sometimes axillary, very lax; rhachis 2.5–45 cm. long; peduncle 1–2 cm. long; pedicels 1–5 mm. long; primary bracts ovate-lanceolate, 5–7 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide, acuminate, pubescent, ciliate, deciduous; secondary bracts linear, 2–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Calyx hairy with brown hairs or only pubescent or puberulous; tube 1–1.5 mm. long; teeth elliptic to lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, acuminate, very narrowly imbricate, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Standard salmon or apricot tinged red or mauve, or sometimes cream or yellow, 6–7 mm. long, 4–4.5 mm. wide; wings crimson-purple; keel often greenish tinged salmon at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Pods 0.7–1.5 cm. long, well exserted from the calyx, much constricted between the articles; articles 2–6, oblong-elliptic, 2.5–3 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, almost smooth, the transverse ridges very obscure, puberulous or rarely glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Seeds pale yellow-brown, oblong, longest dimension 1.5–2 mm., shorter dimension 1.2–1.5 mm., 1 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176925 morphology 0AE2901C-9F37-4448-8BE1-0B4A0FB175AD Fig. 71/C, p. 492. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473575-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Erect prostrate or ascending robust annual or perennial somewhat suffruticose herb 0.3–1 (–2) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Stems pubescent, pilose or practically glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Leaves unifoliolate or less often pinnately 3-foliolate; leaflets oblong, ovate-lanceolate, linear-lanceolate or linear, 1.5–11 cm. long, 0.2– 2.3 cm. wide, acute and mucronulate at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, finely puberulous and with longer hairs beneath, slightly reticulate; petiole 0.2–1.7 cm. long; petiolules 0.5–1.5 mm. long; stipules lanceolate, 0.5–3 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Inflorescences axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed, dense to lax; rhachis 3–20 cm. long; peduncle 1–3 cm. long; pedicels 2–5 mm. long; primary bracts elliptic, 5–10 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, acuminate, glabrous or pubescent, ciliate, deciduous; secondary bracts linear, 1–2.5 mm. long or sometimes lacking. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Calyx glabrous to densely pubescent; tube 1–1.5 mm. long; teeth lanceolate, 5–8(–9.5) mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide, acuminate, imbricate, noticeably rounded or subcordate at the base, ciliate with white or brownish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Standard whitish, pinkish-buff, reddish-purple or bluish, obovate, 6–7 mm. long, 3 mm. wide; keel often greenish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Pods 5–10 mm. long, scarcely exserted from the calyx, much constricted between the articles; articles 3–6, transversely elliptic, 1–1.5 mm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide, with strong close transverse ridges which join up here and there, or with a raised more regular reticulation, glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176873 morphology 1235B795-312C-478A-96A2-01A09ECB4A80 Seeds olive, squarish, compressed; longer dimensions 1.5 mm., 0.8 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473557-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Erect or sometimes procumbent annual herb often somewhat woody at the base, 0.15–1.5 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Stems pubescent sometimes only in a narrow longitudinal line or densely covered with spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Leaves uni-foliolate; leaflet oblong, linear or linear-lanceolate, 0.65–12.5 cm. long, 0.2–1.1 cm. wide, acute and mucronulate at the apex, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, finely puberulous and with longer hairs beneath, slightly reticulate; petiole 2–6 mm. long; petiolule 0.5–1 mm. long; stipules lanceolate, 0.4–1.6 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Inflorescences terminal and leaf-opposed; rhachis 3–30 cm. long; peduncle 3 cm. long; pedicels 2–5(–9) mm. long; primary bracts elliptic, 4–6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, acuminate, deciduous; secondary bracts linear, 1.5–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Calyx puberulous or pubescent; tube 1–1.5 mm. long; teeth lanceolate or narrowly triangular, 4–6 mm. long, 0.7–1.5 mm. wide, at first slightly imbricate at the base, ciliate with white hairs or glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Standard salmon, red or mauve, obovate, 5–6 mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide; wings and keel often pale, but margined and tipped with purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Pods 0.7–1.5 cm. long, much constricted between the articles; articles 4–7, transversely elliptic, 1.5–3 mm. long, 2–3 mm. wide, with strong close transverse ridges which join up here and there, shortly pubescent or puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000176774 morphology A12CF6A6-7279-40A7-B53A-EF8568CDAB47 Seeds reddish-brown or olive, rounded-rhomboid or ellipsoid, compressed, longest dimension 1.8–2.2 mm., shorter dimension 1.8 mm., 1–1.2 mm. thick. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473518-1 wfo-0000614823 morphology 995C69BA-3BE3-4E94-8628-8AB7F9501831 A curious South American nearly leafless shrub with short, stout, laterally flattened, opposite thorns; urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63181-2 wfo-0000591790 morphology 534B3EE9-11C0-4A71-851B-12695C736FE0 A well known Mexican blue-flowered ornamental shrub; and the eastern Asiatic urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716773-1 wfo-0000725083 morphology 583B9DF0-213F-4D3C-99D5-747F39DCEDD5 A tree with curious swollen edible peduncles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717558-1 wfo-0000615210 morphology C698E920-2422-4BB2-901B-306453C16DAF Of tropical American forests, is a species of large shade tree planted here and there in East Africa (e.g., Tanganyika, Mwanza District, Ukerewe I., Conrads 717 !). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63423-2 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Shrub or small tree 3–12(–24) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Older branches grey barked, lenticellate; young shoots finely but often densely pubescent with short spreading tawny hairs (some up to 0.5–0.8 mm. long). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Leaf-blades elliptic to ovate, (5–)10–14(–19) cm. long, (2.3–)3–5(–8) cm. wide, firm, glabrous, asymmetric and very briefly rounded at base, acute or very slightly acuminate, glandular-crenulate or glandular-serrulate, on each side of midrib with 7–10 secondary nerves which are prominulent beneath; petioles only ± 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Stipules up to 13 mm. long, subulate, glabrescent, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Inflorescences (5–)8–20-flowered, congested but divaricate-cymose, ± 2 cm. long and thick excluding peduncles; peduncles minutely and densely hairy, 2–6 cm. long; pedicels 3–7(–10) mm. long in flower, averaging somewhat longer (± 10–15, rarely to 20 mm.) in fruit, minutely and densely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Flowers whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Cup densely pubescent externally with short whitish spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Sepals ± 3 mm. long, widely spreading at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Petals oblanceolate, whitish, ± 2 mm. long, widely spreading at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Disk glabrous, green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Style ± 2 mm. long, 3-partite less than half the length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Fruit sub-globose, ± 6–10 mm. thick, densely hairy with tawny sericeous hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131193 morphology AFE1F6F6-0724-4F4C-B528-CB0B9112DB3D Fig. 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717608-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Much-branched evergreen shrub or small tree to 6 m. tail. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Several-year-old branches with pale grey bark; young twigs densely ferrugineous tomentose, with some spreading silky hairs 1.1–2.3 mm. long as well as a shorter denser pubescence. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Leaf-blades elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 6–18.5 cm. long, 2.2–6.5 cm. wide, at base rounded and minutely subcordate, acuminate, acute, shortly serrulate, glabrous above, beneath on the nerves tawny pilose, on each side of midrib with 8–10 secondary nerves which are prominulent beneath; petioles 5–8 mm. long, hirsute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Stipules lanceolate, 7–12 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Cymes congested-dichotomous, 15–40-flowered; peduncles 4–7 cm. long, tomentose and pilose; secondary peduncles up to 22 mm. long; pedicels tomentose, 9–12 mm. long in flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Cup densely hirsute or villous externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Sepals 3–3.5 mm. long, externally villous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Petals linear-obovate, ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Style 3-partite about half the length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131305 morphology A7EB925B-0BAB-44A5-BC7D-9A0083FEAE5C Fruit unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717603-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Branching shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Older branchlets fuscous, glabrescent; twigs densely ferrugineous tomentulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Leaf-blades oblong, 8–11 cm. long, 3–4 cm. wide, cuneate, acuminate, subcoriaceous, glabrous except the principal nerves beneath pilose, serrulate, the primary and secondary nerves beneath prominulent; petioles ± 5 mm. long, ventrally appressed pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Stipules lanceolate, ± 5 mm. long, caducous, densely appressed pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Inflorescences few-flowered; peduncles short, densely tomentulose; pedicels 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Cup pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Sepals ± 2 mm. long, pubescent dorsally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Petals ±1.5 mm. long, obovate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Disk 2–2.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Style 0.5 mm. long at an early stage (in anthesis). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001131306 morphology 081A3EBC-7A86-489B-AD88-FCD86E11FE75 Fruit unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717605-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Small shrubs up to 4 dm. tall (or up to 1.2 m. fide Richards 7581) with numerous stems from the base, these branched only sparingly (at the bases of old inflorescences), the branches also stiffly erect, brownish with a dense pubescence of greyish antrorse hairs about 0.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Leaf-blades lanceolate, 6–8(–10, or –17 fide one author) mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide (but because of the rolling back of the margins appearing only 2–3 mm. wide), acute and mucronulate, very firm to coriaceous, above dark, glabrous, shiny and somewhat sculpted near the margins, beneath white tomentulose; petiole ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Heads terminal, 3–7-flowered, ± 1 cm. thick at anthesis, ± 2 cm. thick in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Bracts densely white-woolly and about as long as the fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Flowers 4–5 mm. long including the hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Cup and sepals uniformly externally pubescent with white hairs ± 1–5 mm. long (or the cup less pubescent in the Madagascar populations). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Cup elongated ± 1 mm. beyond the ovary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Sepals ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Petals oblanceolate, ± 0.4 mm. long, nearly glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Fruit 6–7 mm. long, 4–5 mm. thick, sparsely villous, pinkish when not quite mature. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0001130987 morphology B401C384-7E85-4265-BEFF-07E3DB072E53 Fig. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717792-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Liane or climbing or sprawling shrub several m. long; branchlets and tendrils with longitudinal densely pubescent stripes of antrorse brown hairs 0.2–0.3 mm. long, glabrescent, very slightly zig-zag. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Leaf-blades broadly ovate, 4–8 cm. long, 2.4–5.8 cm. wide, very shallowly cordate to rounded, acuminate (the acumen 5–10 mm. long), serrulate or doubly serrulate, when young with dense pubescence near the veins of brownish antrorse hairs 0.2–0.4 mm. long, this pubescence much sparser and less noticeable on the mature blade, on each side of midrib with 6–8 secondary nerves; petioles 8–25 mm. long, ventrally densely pubescent with brownish hairs 0.3–0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Stipules linear, ± 3 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Thyrses merely terminal, not aggregated into panicles, 4–8 cm. long, lax, ± 1 cm. thick in flower, axes densely pubescent at least when young, cymes few-flowered; peduncles of cymes ± 1 mm. long, pubescent; pedicels 0.5–1 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Flowers yellowish or yellowish white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Cup ± 2 mm. wide, pubescent externally. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Sepals ± 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Petals ± 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Style 0.3–0.5 mm. long or perhaps longer in later stages of anthesis (only young flowers seen). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708356 morphology C0A0EF44-417F-49D0-9106-A15AA0AE8120 Fruit said to be 1.3–1.7 mm. long and broad with prominently reticulate wings. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717521-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Climbing or sprawling shrubs or lianes several m. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Branchlets and tendrils with longitudinal pubescent stripes of antrorse brownish hairs 0.2–0.3 mm. long, glabrescent, very slightly zig-zag. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Leaf-blades ovate, 4–8.5 cm. long, 2.5–4.5(–7) cm. wide, round at base, acute or acuminate (acumen 5–10 mm. long), serrulate or doubly serrulate, above dark and with sparse antrorse golden-brown hairs 0.2–0.4 mm. long, beneath with a dense persistent grey or brown tomentum, on each side of midrib with 6–7 secondary nerves; petioles 10–25 mm. long, ventrally pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Stipules subulate, ± 3 mm. long (rarely to 10 mm.). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Thyrses merely terminal or aggregated into loose panicles; cymes 3–10-flowered; peduncles of cymes 1 mm. long and pubescent or absent; pedicels 2–3 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Flowers whitish or greenish white, fragrant and nectariferous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Cup ± 2 mm. wide, externally pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Sepals ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Petals ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Style ± 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Fruit 6–8 mm. long, 8–11 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000708314 morphology 73481FFE-AA47-4A9B-927D-700CC66AC7F4 Fig. 4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717485-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Woody climber to 6 m. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Herbage usually only slightly if at all pubescent, sparsely appressed pilose especially on the younger shoots and thenerves of the young blades. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Leaf-blades ovate to broadly ovate, (l–)3–6 cm. long, (7–) 17–50 mm. wide, at base rounded or usually shallowly cordate, at apex rounded or rarely acutish, mucronate, thin, at base 3-nerved, above the base on each side of midrib with 3–6 secondary nerves; petioles filiform, (3–) 7–28 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Stipules linear, (2–)3–6 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Peduncles filiform, (l–)2–5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Pedicels filiform, (3–)5–8 mm. long in flower, (5–) 7–10 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Cup glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Sepals ± 2 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Petals ±1.8 mm. long, whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718181 morphology 2121BC51-4596-41B7-9FD1-67FA4E79DE4F Fruit pendulous, globose to slightly obovoid-globose, 5–7 mm. long, glabrous, ripening through reddish green to dark brown or black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717549-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Woody climbers to 10 m. or more. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Herbage usually appressed pilose to nearly tomentulose but occasionally nearly glabrous, the youngest shoots and nerves of the young blades being the most pubescent parts. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Leaf-blades ovate to broadly ovate, (l–)3–6 cm. long, (7–)17–50 mm. wide, at base rounded or usually shallowly cordate, at apex rounded or rarely acutish, mucronate, thin, at base 3-nerved, above the base on each side of midrib with 3–6 secondary nerves; petioles filiform, (3–)7–20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Stipules linear, (2–)3–6 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Peduncles filiform, (l–)2–4 cm. long, sparsely pilose to tomentulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Pedicels filiform, (3–)5–10 mm. long in flower, 6–10 (–13) mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Cup pilose to tomentulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Sepals 1.5–2 mm. long, externally pilose to tomentulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Petals 1.4–1.8 mm. long, whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Disk whitish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Fruit pendulous, globose to slightly obovoid-globose, 5–7 mm. long, pilose and with crowded acute glandular tubercles rb 0.3 mm. long, ripening through shades of red, said to be blue-black when ripe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000718183 morphology B56DA329-F6AF-4D30-B719-7CBCEE0C8E30 Fig. 5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717551-1 wfo-0000460063 morphology 1E126EC6-893C-48D6-A10B-4887065D4F4D Is reported to be occasionally cultivated in East Africa. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:317386-2 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Shrubs or trees up to 8 m. tall, the branches sometimes scrambling or sprawling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Year-old branches blackish, lenticellate, glabrate; youngest twigs usually minutely pubescent with dark spreading hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Leaf-blades elliptic-ovate to ovate-elliptic or narrowly so, (1–)2–10 cm. long, (8–)14–40 mm. wide, rounded to cuneate at base, acuminate, firm, lustrous, nearly glabrous except for minute hairs on the major nerves beneath, glandular-serrulate, on each side of midrib with 4–6 secondary nerves which are impressed above, prominulent beneath; petioles (3–)5–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Stipules subulate, 3–5 mm. long, minutely pubescent, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Flowers rarely solitary, usually in fascicles of 2–3(–8), 5-merous; pedicels filiform, minutely pubescent, 3–10 mm. long in flower, 7–15 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Cup minutely pubescent externally, 2 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Sepals ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Petals spatulate, ± 1 mm. long, or usually absent in East African populations. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Fruit nearly globose, 5–6 mm. thick, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42344 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Cymes 1–3 in a vertical line, developing successively, 1-forked, with branches 1–2.5 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42345 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands spreading, transversely elliptic; ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes subcircular, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42346 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Male flowers: bracteoles 2 mm. long, laciniate, deeply dentate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42347 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Female flower: styles ± 1.75 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42348 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.25 × 4.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42349 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Seeds ovoid with truncate base, 2 × 1.5 mm., greyish brown, shallowly and minutely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42350 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000965228 morphology 3D4B577E-3736-4374-A339-15A4D3486D1E Fig. 96/4–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42351 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348606-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Succulent perennial with stems densely tufted, sparsely branched, subcylindrical, to 30(–75) cm. long and 8 mm. thick, uniformly green; branches with ± shallow teeth to 2 cm. apart in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42352 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Spinescence brownish grey, black when young; spine-shields elongated to 13 mm., divergent above the spines into 2 arms to 2 mm. long with expanded ends, decurrent to 1 cm.; spines very slender, to 12 mm. long, sometimes joined at the base; prickles very fine to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42353 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Leaves deltoid, ± 0.75 × 0.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42354 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with cyme-branches ± 1.25 mm. long, all parts indistincdy papillose; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.25 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42355 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Cyathia ± 2.25 × 3.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 0.75 × 1.75 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42356 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, dentate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42357 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Female flowers: styles 1.75 mm. long, free to the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42358 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3.25 mm., minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42359 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963969 morphology 1DE6F840-B40D-47FE-B37E-F6ED70DA35F1 Seeds ovoid, with truncate base, 1.75 × 1.5 mm., grey, shallowly and minutely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42360 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899861-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Succulent perennial with stems densely tufted, procumbent usually to one side, sparsely branched, to 30 cm. long and 8 mm. thick, subcylindrical, green strongly variegated with yellow-green; branches with shallow teeth to 1.5 cm. apart in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42361 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Spinescence brownish grey; spine-shields elongated to 1 cm., divergent above the spines into 2 arms to 2.5 mm. long, decurrent to 8 mm.; spines slender, to 18 mm. long; prickles to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42362 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Leaves deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42363 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Cymes 1–2 in a vertical line, 1-forked, subsessile, all parts minutely papillose; bracts subquadrate, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42364 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Cyathia ± 2 × 4 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands spreading, transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 1.75 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes subcircular, ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42365 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, dentate; stamens 3.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42366 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Female flower: ovary subsessile; styles 1.8 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42367 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Capsule 3-lobed, sessile, ± 3 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42368 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000963251 morphology 74F3BB8F-267B-4FF3-BF12-4A88176406B4 Seeds ovoid, 2.2 × 1.5 mm., minutely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42369 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899857-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Tufted succulent perennial; stems semi-prostrate, sparsely branching, to 30 cm. long and 2 cm. thick, 4–5-angled, darkish green longitudinally streaked with brighter yellow-green; angles with distinct teeth to 1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42370 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Spinescence brownish grey; spine-shields elongated to 15 mm. long, divergent above the spines into 2 arms to 3 mm. long, decurrent almost to the flowering eye below; spines to 2 cm.long; prickles to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42371 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Leaves deltoid, ± 1 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42372 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Cymes 1–3 in a vertical line, maturing successively, 1-forked, with cyme-branches ± 1.5 mm. long, all parts papillose; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.25 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42373 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Cyathia ± 2 × 3 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 0.7 × 1.5 mm., yellow; lobes subcircular, ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42374 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply dentate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42375 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Female flower: styles 1.5 mm. long, free to the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42376 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42377 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965378 morphology 4F1A0BA1-59FA-4E0C-8C29-9BDF245775D2 Seeds ovoid, 1.7 × 1.4 mm., reddish brown, minutely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42378 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899870-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Succulent perennial, spreading-erect to 45 cm. high and 1.25 m. in diameter; stems crowded, sparsely branching, to 1.5 cm. thick, 4-angled, dark green blotched with brown; angles with prominent teeth 1–3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42379 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Spinescence very sturdy, grey, dark red when young; spine-shields elongated to 23 mm. long, diverging above the spines into 2 arms to 5 mm. long, decurrent to 20 mm.; spines to 3 cm. long occasionally joined at the base; prickles to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42380 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Leaves deltoid, 2.7 × 2.7 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42381 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Cymes 1–5 in a vertical line, maturing successively, 1-forked, with cyme-branches ± 2 mm. long, all parts densely papillose; bracts deltoid, ± 1.25 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42382 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2 mm., contiguous, brownish pink; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.25 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42383 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply dentate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42384 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Female flower: styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, lightly papillose, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42385 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 4 mm., densely papillose, purple. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42386 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000965217 morphology 8B3DE53D-5DAC-467D-837D-9822F0A41D23 Seeds ovoid with truncate base, 2 × 1.5 mm., grey, minutely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42387 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899868-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Loosely tufted succulent perennial with a thick fleshy root; stems sparsely branched, to 90 cm. long, 1–2 cm. thick, subquadrangular, greyish green, darker along the angles; angles with ± prominent teeth 1–2.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42388 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Spinescence red when young, becoming pale grey; spine-shields oblong-triangular, 2–4 × 2–3.5 mm. above the spines, decurrent to 10 mm. and 5–10 mm. above the flowering eye below; spines stout, to 2.5 cm. long, sometimes slightly curved outwards and joined at the base; prickles minute or rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42389 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Leaves deltoid, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42390 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches ± 2.5 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42391 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 6 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.25 × 2.75 mm., just touching, bright yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42392 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.75 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42393 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42394 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.75 × 4 mm., purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42395 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964543 morphology 6B0706FF-1BDA-4B23-8FF7-F4A02FEC01C2 Seeds ovoid, 2.75 × 1.5 mm., grey, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42396 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899865-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Densely tufted succulent perennial with a thick fleshy root; stems densely branching from the base, sparsely so above, erect to 15 cm. or decumbent and occasionally stoloniferous, to 50(–100) cm. long, 5–8 mm. thick, cylindrical, usually greyish green, often with darker longitudinal stripes; branches with shallow teeth 1–2 cm. apart in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42397 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Spinescence pale grey; spine-shields triangular, 1–2 × 1–1.5 mm. above the spines, decurrent for l–4(–6) mm.; spines 5–15 mm. long; prickles less than 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42398 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Leaves ovate, 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42399 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches ± 2.5 mm. long; bracts subquadrangular, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42400 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., just touching, bright yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42401 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42402 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42403 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.25 × 4 mm., purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42404 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000964687 morphology 721911F7-17AC-45BC-9DCD-1CDB51196BB7 Seeds ovoid, 1.75 × 1.5 mm., brown, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42405 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348238-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Tufted succulent perennial with a fleshy rootstock; stems branching densely from the base, unbranched above; branches to 15 cm. long and 5–8 mm. thick, subcylindrical, bright yellow-green, conspicuously striped longitudinally with darker or sometimes purplish green; branches with prominent teeth 5–10 mm. apart in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42406 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Spinescence brown; spine-shields triangular, 1–2 × 2–2.5 mm. above the spine-shields, decurrent 1–5.5 mm.; spines to 10 mm. long; prickles 1–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42407 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Leaves deltoid, 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42408 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches ± 2.5 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42409 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.75 mm., just touching, yellow becoming reddish; lobes subcircular, ± 1.25 mm. in diameter, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42410 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42411 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42412 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3 mm., reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42413 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961738 morphology 973FED80-B627-469E-A0F8-B732F22A620E Seeds ovoid, 2.25 × 1.25 mm., grey, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42414 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899848-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Succulent perennial with a fleshy rootstock, densely branched forming tufts erect to 20 cm. high, ± 30 cm. in diameter, sometimes sprawling, rarely stoloniferous; branches cylindrical, ± 8 mm. thick, greyish green with a pale longitudinal stripe between the spine-shields; branches with very shallow teeth to 1.5 cm. apart, in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42415 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Spinescence yellowish when young becoming bronze or copper-coloured; spine-shields oblong-triangular, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. above the spines, decurrent for 2–8 mm.; spines 10–17 mm. long; prickles 0.5–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42416 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42417 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches 1–2 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42418 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.25 × 2 mm., just touching, bright yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42419 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42420 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Female flower: styles ± 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42421 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.25 × 4.5 mm., purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42422 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Seeds ovoid, 2.2 × 1.5 mm., brown, lightly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42423 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000961598 morphology 6BC0D603-EA78-4AA3-BA67-DD732CEEB949 Fig. 97/1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42424 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931894-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Shortly rhizomatous succulent perennial, with a thickened rootstock; stems branching densely from the base, erect to ± 15 cm., or to 1 m. long and arching over, sprawling and rooting to form new plants; branches 7–10 mm. thick, subcylindrical, dark greyish green occasionally with paler streaks, sparsely rebranched; branches with teeth absent or very shallow and 1–2 cm. apart in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42425 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Spinescence dark reddish brown; spine-shields oblong-triangular, 1–2 × 1–2 mm. above the spines, decurrent to 8 mm. and ± halfway to the flowering eye below; spines slender, to 15 mm. long; prickles fine, 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42426 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Leaves deltoid, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42427 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches to 8 mm. long; bracts deltoid, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42428 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Cyathia ± 3.5 × 5.5 mm. with funnel-shaped involucres; glands rounded, ± 1.5 × 2 mm., completely separate, pinkish yellow; lobes transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42429 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous; stamens well exserted, 5.5 mm. long, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42430 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Female flower: styles slender, to 4 mm. long, joined only at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42431 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Capsule shortly exserted on an erect pedicel ± 2.5 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3 × 4.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42432 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000964946 morphology E3A255B8-ADCB-40C8-8B59-65839B2C6EB4 Seeds ovoid, 2 × 1.6 mm., pale brown, with small widely spaced tubercles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42433 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899866-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Fibrous rooted succulent perennial, with stems shortly rhizomatous, decumbent and weakly erect to 45 cm. high, sparsely branching; stems and branches sharply 4-angled, 5–10 mm. thick, irregularly blotched with pale and darker green; angles with shallow teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42434 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Spinescence reddish brown becoming grey; spine-shields very slender, ± 2 mm. long above the spines, decurrent up to 10 mm. and halfway to 5 mm. above the flowering eye below; spines slender, to 12 mm. long; prickles rudimentary, to 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42435 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42436 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with cyme-branches ± 2 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42437 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.5 × 3 mm., contiguous, ruby-red; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42438 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Male flowers: bracteoles ligulate, dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42439 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Female flower: styles 1.5 mm. long, free, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42440 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Capsule shortly exserted on a pedicel 2 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm., dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42441 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000962235 morphology 7956F3C8-35D3-48B4-8A79-1387957870D9 Seeds ovoid, 1.8 × 1.4 mm., pale greyish-brown, tuberculate-rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42442 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899852-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Fibrous rooted succulent perennial, with numerous semi-prostrate and stoloniferous stems to 45 cm. long, sparsely branching; stems and branches sharply 4-angled, 5–8 mm. thick, dark green irregularly blotched with dark purplish green; angles with shallow teeth to 1.3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42443 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Spinescence black; spine-shields slender, 1.5–3 mm. long above the spines, decurrent to 10 mm. and to just above or touching the flowering eye below, often forming a continuous horny margin; spines slender to 10 mm. long; prickles 0.5–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42444 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Leaves deltoid, 1.5 mm. long, purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42445 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Cymes solitary, simple and bisexual or 1-forked, subsessile, all parts deep crimson; bracts subquadrate ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42446 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Cyathia ± 2.5 × 6.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.5 × 3 mm., contiguous; lobes transversely elliptic, 1.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42447 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, dentate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42448 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Female flower: styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42449 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3 × 4 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42450 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000964575 morphology 81F7F452-1B9E-4FF0-8444-908543AE770C Seeds subglobose, 2 × 1.75 mm., brownish grey, surface shallowly tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42451 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348169-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Succulent perennial with rhizomatous stems becoming erect to 30(–45) cm. high, branched only from the base; branches sharply 4-angled, 5–8 mm. thick, variegated with mid- and pale-green; angles straight, without teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42452 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Spinescence black, extremely slender; spine-shields 5–15 mm. long, decurrent to just above the flowering eye below; spines rarely developed, or not more than 1 mm. long and situated 1–2 mm. below the apex of the spine-shield; prickles 1–3 mm. long, extremely fine, clasping the stem. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42453 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Leaves acutely deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42454 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Cymes solitary, subsessile, 1-forked; bracts deltoid, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42455 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., brownish yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42456 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42457 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965027 morphology ABB0A63F-8F09-4A80-A30C-792B9AF92B93 Mature ♀ flower, capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42458 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931893-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Tuberous-rooted shrubby succulent perennial, erect to 1 m. or subscandent to 1.8 m.; branches 4-angled, 5–10(–15) mm. thick, olive-green, mottled or variegated and darker along the angles; angles with very shallow to prominent teeth 1–2.5(–3) cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42459 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Spinescence blackish; spine-shields slender, 3–6 mm. long above the spines, decurrent to shortly above or touching the flowering eye below; spines 2–12(–15) mm. long; prickles 2–6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42460 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts subquadrate, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42461 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Cyathia 2–3 × 4.5–6 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, yellowish brown; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42462 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, dentate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42463 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Female flower: styles 1.8 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42464 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Capsule just exserted on a pedicel 2 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 5.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42465 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000965058 morphology 1A51AB85-CA04-4FC2-9638-311BAE2EA156 Seeds subglobose, 2 mm. in diameter, brown, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42466 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348471-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Succulent perennial with a fleshy root and spreading tangled branches to 40 cm. high; branches 4-angled, to ± 1 cm. thick, bright glossy green with a darker stripe along the angles; angles with prominent teeth ± 1.5 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42467 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Spinescence dark reddish brown, yellowish when young; spine-shields elongated, contiguous; spines to 2 cm. long and often joined at the base for up to 5 mm.; prickles to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42468 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Leaves deltoid ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42469 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles ± 1.5 mm. long; bracts oblong, ± 1.25 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42470 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2 mm., contiguous, brick-red; lobes subcircular, 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42471 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Male flowers: bracteoles ligulate, dentate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42472 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Female flower: styles 1.75 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42473 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000954369 morphology F9A79F93-67E7-4E27-A36F-86048EF99F24 Fig. 5/1, p. 30. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3154-3 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Tree to 25 m with smooth patchy bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Juvenile leaves ovate or ± rounded; adult lanceolate, 9–16 cm long, 1–2 cm wide; petiole ± terete, 1.5–2.2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle terete or angular, [0.5] 0.7–1.9 cm long; pedicels [angular] 1–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Operculum conical, 5–8 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Calyx-tube hemispherical, 3–4 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Fruits ovoid, ± globose or hemispherical, 4–7 mm long, 4–8 mm wide with broad ascending disc and 3–4 exserted valves; seed black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954518 morphology 1B467CD9-4A56-43EA-876B-A5AB724D7C6A Fig. 5/2, p. 30 urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592735-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Tree to 60 m with rough finely fibrous bark on lower trunk or ± smooth throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Juvenile leaves ovate or round; adult lanceolate, 10–20 cm long, 0.7–2 cm wide, sometimes falcate; petiole terete, 1–1.7 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle terete or quadrangular, [6]7–10 mm long; pedicels 3–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Buds ovate to clavate; operculum conical to hemispherical, 3–5 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Calyx-tube hemispherical, ± 4 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Fruits hemispherical to ovoid, 4–7 mm long and wide with moderately broad descending disc and 5–7 flush or included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954528 morphology 131C0D31-E5D9-4F60-AEF1-B2E96D1BC93C Fig. 5/4. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592740-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Tree to 40 m with fibrous or flaky-fibrous bark on trunk and main branches but smooth on smaller branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Juvenile leaves ovate; adult discolorous, broadly lanceolate, 10–16 cm long, 2.5–4 cm wide; petiole 2–3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Umbels 7–11-flowered; [very young inflorescences enclosed in bracts looking like one flower]; peduncle broadly flattened, 0.7–1.5 cm long; pedicels usually absent, less often up to 3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Buds subcylindrical, clavate or ovoid; operculum conical or hemispherical, 3–5 mm long, 4–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Calyx-tube cylindrical or obconical, 4–6 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, often ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Fruits cylindrical, 7–12 mm long, 5–9 mm wide with moderately broad descending disc and 3–4 flush or included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954529 morphology 76BE0540-DDC1-495F-B8CD-6BA6B68E2A16 Fig. 5/5. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592741-1 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Tree mostly to 40(–60) m but sometimes shrubby, with tessellated bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Juvenile leaves alternate, peltate, ovate; adult strongly discolorous, ovate to broadly lanceolate, 9–14 cm long, 2.5–4 cm wide, with conspicuous oil glands; petiole flattened, 1.5–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Umbels usually in terminal panicles, 3–7-flowered; cream (rarely pink) flowers; peduncle terete or angular, 1.5–3.5[3.7] cm; pedicels 1–3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Buds clavate; operculum flattened-hemispherical, 2–4 mm long, 7–8 mm wide, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Calyx-tube urceolate, 5–10 mm long, 7–10 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Fruits urceolate, usually contracted at mouth, [2.7]3–5 cm long, [2.7]2.8–4 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Seeds black, not winged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954583 morphology 13748B2C-A203-41A3-955E-F420E35159DE Fig. 5/6, p. 30. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:3421-3 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Tree 20(–45) m tall with smooth bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult lanceolate, 8–30 cm long, 0.7–2 cm wide; petiole terete or channelled, 1.2–1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle slender, terete or quadrangular, 0.6–1.5[2.5] cm long; pedicels slender, 0.5–1.2[1.4] cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Buds globular-rostrate or ovoid-conical; operculum hemispherical and rostrate to conical and obtuse, 4–6 mm long, 3–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Calyx-tube hemispherical, 2–3 mm long, 3–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Fruits hemispherical or ovoid, [4]5–8 mm long and wide with broad ascending disc and 3–5 exserted valves; seed yellow, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954597 morphology BDDC227C-09FE-41FB-A88B-86EAF8A8D088 Fig. 5/7, p. 30 & 11/1–2, p. 51. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Tree 25–40(–50) m tall with [orange-brown] powdery [smooth] bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, sometimes peltate, occasionally setose with long oil glands; adult lanceolate, 8–16 cm long, 0.5–2 cm wide, very strongly lemon-scented when crushed; petiole flattened, 1.3–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Umbels 3-flowered in axillary panicles; peduncle terete, 3–7 mm long; pedicels 1–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Buds clavate; operculum hemispherical, 3–4 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Calyx-tube hemispherical, 5–6 mm long, 4–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Fruits ovoid or urceolate, 0.7–1.5 cm long, 0.7–1.1 cm wide, often warty. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954656 morphology DB311D7B-05FA-4DE3-BC90-16822FDC7F82 Fig. 5/8, p. 30. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592799-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Tree to 35 m with smooth pale bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Juvenile leaves alternate, round; adult strongly discolorous, lanceolate, 11–15 cm long, 2–2.5 cm wide; petiole quadrangular, 1.2–2.1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Umbels 7–11-flowered, on leafless branchlets below current leaves; peduncle terete, 1–1.7 cm long; pedicels 2–7 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Buds cylindrical or urceolate; operculum hemispherical, 3–4 mm long, ± 5 mm wide, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Calyx-tube cylindrical, 7–8 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, faintly ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67636 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Fruits ovoid or urceolate [elliptic-cylindric to cylindric-urceolate], 9–16 mm long, 6–10 mm wide, ribbed, with broad descending disc and 3–4 included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67637 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954657 morphology 4B112AF1-5E67-4740-BBCC-86CEE0D0AA3A Fig. 6/9, p. 35. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67638 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592800-1 wfo-0000954740 morphology DE349871-0682-48CE-A1A8-66A983CC5AE5 Tree to 30 m with rough dark grey to black ironbark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67639 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592841-1 wfo-0000954740 morphology DE349871-0682-48CE-A1A8-66A983CC5AE5 Juvenile leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate, adult lanceolate, 5–15 cm long, 1–1.7 cm wide; petiole 1–1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67640 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592841-1 wfo-0000954740 morphology DE349871-0682-48CE-A1A8-66A983CC5AE5 Umbels 7–11-flowered, arranged in panicles; peduncle terete to quadrangular, 0.4–1.2[1.5] cm long; pedicels 1–6[10] mm long with angles sometimes continuing as ribs on calyx-tube. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67641 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592841-1 wfo-0000954740 morphology DE349871-0682-48CE-A1A8-66A983CC5AE5 Buds clavate or fusiform; operculum hemispherical to conical, 2–3 mm long, ± 3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67642 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592841-1 wfo-0000954740 morphology DE349871-0682-48CE-A1A8-66A983CC5AE5 Calyx-tube hemispherical to ovoid, 2–3 mm long, ± 3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67643 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592841-1 wfo-0000954740 morphology DE349871-0682-48CE-A1A8-66A983CC5AE5 Fruits hemispherical or ovoid, [3]4–7 mm long, [3]4–6 mm wide with narrow level or descending disc and 3–4 ± flush to included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592841-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Tree to about 90 m with usually patchy orange-yellow, bronze or white smooth bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Juvenile leaves broadly ovate to round; adult discolorous, broadly lanceolate, 9–12 cm long, 2–3.2 cm wide; petiole channelled, 1–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle flattened or angular (± terete), 1.8–2.8 cm long; pedicels 3–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Buds clavate; operculum rounded, conical, 5–7 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Calyx-tube cylindrical to obconical, 7–8 mm long, 5–7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Fruits ovoid or subglobular, 8–12 mm long, 7–10 mm wide with broad descending disc and 3 prominent flush [slightly exserted] or included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954826 morphology CFDA7038-26A5-47CC-B58A-ABD6470D004F Fig. 6/11. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592885-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Tree to 30 m with ironbark on trunk and larger branches or throughout, dark grey to black and rough. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Juvenile leaves elliptic to ovate, adult lanceolate, 10–15 cm long, 1.4–2.5 cm wide; petiole 1–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Umbels 7-flowered, arranged in panicles; peduncle terete or rarely quadrangular, 4–7 mm long; pedicels 3–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Buds obovoid or obconical; operculum hemispherical-conic, ± 3 mm long, ± 4 mm wide, rounded at apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Calyx-tube obconical, 3–4 mm long, ± 4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Fruits hemispherical to subcylindrical [obconic-campanulate], 4–6 mm long, 5–6 mm wide with narrow descending disc and usually 4 flush or exserted valves [sometimes included]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954842 morphology 01941447-2257-4C72-91B1-BC36785E40EB Fig. 6/12. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592893-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Tree to 45 m with rough furrowed bark on trunk and main branches, shedding in long strips above so that upper branches are smooth and white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Juvenile leaves broadly lanceolate to ovate, oblique; adult lanceolate, 8–15 cm long, 1.5–2.7 cm wide, [with very open oblique venation]; petiole flattened or channelled, 1–1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Umbels 11–15-flowered, often paired in leaf axils; peduncle terete or angular, 0.4–1.4 cm long; pedicels 1–2[3–5] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Buds clavate; operculum conical or rostrate, ± 2 mm long, ± 3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Calyx-tube obconic, ± 2 mm long, 3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Fruits obconical to pyriform, 5–8 mm long, 4–7 mm wide, with broad, level or slightly ascending disc and 3 flush or slightly exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954919 morphology 75915771-295A-4787-AC41-89A13807DEFF Fig. 6/13, p. 35. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592924-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Tree to 10 m with rough fibrous bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Juvenile leaves usually alternate, sometimes peltate, ovate or round, bristly; adult strongly discolorous, alternate, rarely opposite, broadly lanceolate to ovate, 7.5–15 cm long, 3–5 cm wide, without conspicuous oil glands; petiole flattened or channelled, 1–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Umbels 3–7-flowered, usually in terminal panicles; peduncle angular, 1.5–2.5 cm long; pedicels 1.5–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Flowers crimson, orange or pink, but white varieties occur in cultivation; buds clavate or obovoid; operculum depressed hemispherical-conical, 2–3 mm long, 6–7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Calyx-tube 8–10 mm long, 6–7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Fruits ovoid, subglobose or urceolate, usually contracted at the mouth, 2–3.5 cm long, 2–3 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Seeds brownish with terminal wing. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954928 morphology B2755FDD-6F70-4808-A761-076DD19A7E96 Fig. 6/14, p. 35. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592928-1 wfo-0000954998 morphology 5DA8D0D4-761A-420A-8621-DC95777D4049 Tree 30–70 m tall with bark flaking off to reveal smooth white to cream, yellow or grey surface save at extreme base of trunk. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592965-1 wfo-0000954998 morphology 5DA8D0D4-761A-420A-8621-DC95777D4049 Juvenile leaves opposite, sessile and amplexicaul [ovate-oblong, cordate]; adult leaves lanceolate, 12–25 cm long, 1.7–3 cm wide, thick; petiole channelled or flattened, 2–3[–3.5] cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592965-1 wfo-0000954998 morphology 5DA8D0D4-761A-420A-8621-DC95777D4049 Flowers solitary in leaf-axils (rarely in threes). Peduncle 0–6 mm long, compressed; pedicels absent or very short; buds turbinate to obconic, glaucous and warty; operculum flattened hemispherical, 0.7–1.5 cm long, 1.4–1.7 cm wide with prominent umbo. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592965-1 wfo-0000954998 morphology 5DA8D0D4-761A-420A-8621-DC95777D4049 Calyx-tube obconical, 1–1.2 cm long, 1.4–1.7 cm wide, ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592965-1 wfo-0000954998 morphology 5DA8D0D4-761A-420A-8621-DC95777D4049 Fruits obconic to hemispherical or subglobular, glaucous, 1–2.1 cm long, 1.4–2.4 cm wide with 3–5 flush or included valves; disc broad, level to ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592965-1 wfo-0000954998 morphology 5DA8D0D4-761A-420A-8621-DC95777D4049 Fig. 6/15, p. 35. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592965-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Tree to 40 m with grey finely fissured flaky-fibrous bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Juvenile leaves ovate, often cordate, adult lanceolate, 9–16 cm long, 1.6–2.5 cm wide; petiole flattened or channelled, 1.5–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle broad and flat, 1.3–1.7[3] cm long [8 mm wide]; pedicels absent or up to 4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Buds mushroom-shaped; operculum hemispherical, distinctly wider than calyx-tube apex, 8–10 mm long, 0.9–1.3 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Calyx-tube obconical or campanulate, 7–9 mm long, 7–8 mm wide, often ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Fruits campanulate or cylindrical, 1.3–2.2 cm long, 1.3–1.7 cm wide, often faintly ribbed with broad level, convex or ascending disc and 4 flush or slightly exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955009 morphology C18C2ACC-BCCD-4F8D-9179-649CE277E9D3 Fig. 7/16, p. 38. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592967-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Tree to 55 m with white, grey-white or blue-green smooth bark except for basal 4 m which has some rough flaky bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Juvenile leaves ovate, adult lanceolate, 10–16 cm long, 2–3 cm wide; petiole channelled, 1.5–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle flattened, 0.8–1.8 cm long; pedicels absent or angular, up to 3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Buds ovoid or broadly fusiform [glaucous]; operculum conical or slightly rostrate, 3–4 mm long, 4–5 mm wide [usually shorter than calyx-tube]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Calyx-tube obconical to campanulate, 3–4 mm long, 4–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Fruits subpyriform [cylindric-conic], 5–8 mm long, 4–7 mm wide with narrow level or descending disc and 4–5[6] scarcely exserted [or flush] incurved [match-like] valves [contracted at mouth]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955035 morphology 00C75FB3-2F92-466D-8D75-3F5618C281CB Fig. 7/17, p. 38. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592976-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Tree to 35 m with tessellated rough bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Juvenile leaves alternate, ovate to broadly lanceolate, setose; adult lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 10–14 cm long, 2–4 cm wide; petiole flattened, 1–2.3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Umbels 7-flowered, usually in terminal panicles; peduncle flattened, angular, or terete, 1.7–3[3.5] cm long; pedicels [0.3]0.9–1.4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Buds obovoid to clavate; operculum hemispherical-conical, 2–4 mm long, 6–7 mm wide, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Calyx-tube obconic, 7–9 mm long, 5–8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Fruits exactly urceolate with distinct neck, [1.3]1.5–2 cm long, [0.7]1.1–1.5 cm wide, valves 4, very deeply included; seed unwinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955050 morphology 914048A6-193C-4C41-8224-AB95FC5C84A6 Fig. 7/18. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592984-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Tree to 16 m with grey to dark grey rough fibrous bark for 2 m then white, grey, yellow and/or blue smooth bark on remainder. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Juvenile leaves sessile, ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult lanceolate, 9–13 cm long, 1.3–2.5 cm wide; petiole 1–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Umbels 3-flowered; peduncle terete, 4–11[14] mm long; pedicels 0.3–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Buds ovoid to fusiform, rostrate; operculum 4–5 mm long, 5–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Calyx-tube 5–7 mm long, 6–7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Fruits pendulous, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–1.4 cm long, 0.8–1.3 cm wide with dark caducous staminal ring and 4–6 included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955243 morphology 7F3E8A94-0C12-4972-A289-7E0245125035 Fig. 7/19. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593070-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Tree to 45 m with smooth usually mottled often dimpled bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Juvenile leaves ovate, some peltate, at first setose; adult lanceolate, 12–21 cm long, 1.2–3 cm wide, not lemon-scented; petiole angular, 1.5–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Umbels 3-flowered in axillary panicles; peduncles terete, [primary up to 20 mm] secondary 3–8 mm long; pedicels angular, 3–7[10] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Buds ovoid; operculum hemispherical, 4–5 mm long, 5–8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Calyx-tube hemispherical, 5–8 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Fruits ovoid or suburceolate, [0.8]1–1.4 cm long, 0.9–1.1 cm wide, valves 3–4, deeply included. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955309 morphology F4D61873-0EAE-4BEF-9894-E2009C71A67C Fig. 8/21. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593092-1 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Tree 15–46(–54) m tall with dark deciduous bark (save at extreme base of trunk) leaving smooth white-yellow beneath; bluish white or blotched stems and branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Juvenile leaves opposite for many pairs, 4–16(–91) cm long, 4–12 cm wide; adult lanceolate, 12–28 cm long, 1.2–2.5(–3) cm wide, thick; petiole channelled or terete, 1.5–3.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle compressed, 0.8–2.5 cm long [5.5 mm wide]; pedicels absent or up to 8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000460040 morphology 09C52214-EA67-4EE9-AC94-88380331C752 Fig. 6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718580-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Deciduous shrubs or small trees, 0.5–7 m. tall, sometimes scandent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Bark smooth, grey; slash cream; year-old branches dark brown-grey, slender, glabrate; youngest twigs densely to less commonly sparsely hispidulous with grey hairs 0.1–0.2 mm. long; short shoots (many-noded twigs) often produced late in the growing season; elongated twigs occasionally thorn-tipped. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Leaf-blades obovate or narrowly obovate or broadly oblanceolate, rarely elliptic, (1–)2–3(–4.4) cm. long, (5–)6–15(–20) mm. wide, cuneate, blunt to acute and mucronate, dark olive green or brown-green (at least when dry), glabrous or hispidulous on the major nerves beneath and occasionally above or rarely hispidulous on both surfaces with grey hairs 0.1–0.2 mm. long, obscurely glandular-serrulate or occasionally with the teeth reduced to vanishingly small size, with 5 to 8 pairs of obscure secondary nerves; petioles (1–)2–5(–8) mm. long, usually at first hispidulous and later glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Stipules filiform to subulate, 1–3 mm. long, caducous to subpersistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Flowers borne singly at the nodes, often appearing at the nodes of the short-shoots of the previous season and thus in somewhat fascicle-like aggregations, greenish or sometimes said to be cream colour or orange, fragrant; pedicels usually glabrous, 1–2 (–4) mm. long in flower, in fruit ± 2(–4.5) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Cup glabrous or rarely hispidulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Sepals 4, deltoid, 1–1.7 mm. long, glabrous or rarely hispidulous on back. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Petals 4, linear to oblanceolate, ± 0.5–0.8 mm. long, not clasping, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Stamens 4, said to be brownish when fresh. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Fruit nearly globose, ± 5–5.5 mm. long, reddish or scarlet when ripe, with 3 stones or by abortion fewer, each stone on drying eventually capable of colubrinoid dehiscence, revealing an orange or brick red inner lining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000460142 morphology DA7D0F81-8BEA-47DC-A1F3-D484356A3B80 Seed ± 4–5 mm. long, pale brownish, smooth, with a ventral groove. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718680-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Shrubs or rarely small trees 2–5(–10) m. tall, usually scandent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Bole to 3 dm. thick; older trunks with thick dark corky longitudinally cracked bark; younger herbage and young inflorescences puberulent; branchlets angular, usually emerging at right-angles, numerous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Thorns prickle-like, recurveds axillary, solitary (but often 2 per node), 2–10(–15) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Leaf-blade, ovate to obovate, 2–6 cm. long, 15–40 mm. wide, at base rounded to cuneate, at apex (rarely slightly acuminate to) rounded (sometimes apiculate) or refuse or emarginate, always mucronulate, entire or in the distal two-thirds with a few (up to 9 on each side) indistinct crenulations or appressed teeth, on each side of midrib with 5–8 obscure secondary nerves; petioles 3–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Stipules 2–3 mm. long, quickly deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Cymes often fascicle-like, 2–20-flowered (never more than 1 flower per cyme maturing fruit); peduncles 2–7 mm. long; pedicels l–2(–3) mm. long in flower, 2–3 mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Sepals 1.2–2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Petals 0.7–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Drupe 7–9 mm. long and thick, pallid when very young, ripening through red to purplish black; endocarps ± 6 mm. long, readily separating into 2(–3) free indehiscent stones. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0000504062 morphology F6AFE285-E5B6-4F75-B035-AA85167C4863 Fig. 7. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:718872-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Unarmed shrubs (rarely described by collectors as clambering) or trees to 10(–20) m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Bole short; slash-wood salmon-red to whitish; sapwood whitish; bark fairly rough to shallowly reticulately fissured, dark grey-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Branches spreading and often drooping; branchlets lenticellate, grey-brown, the youngest with a sericeous tomentum or ascending to spreading yellow-brown hairs 0.3–0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Leaf-blades narrowly ovate or less commonly narrowly oblong-obovate, (2–)3–5(–8) cm. long, (1.4–)2–2.5(–3) cm. wide, at base slightly and roundly unequal-sided, shortly acuminate to less commonly merely acute or rarely blunt, finely and antrorsely serrate (the glandular point of each tooth accompanied by a bundle of greyish hairs 0.1–0.2 mm. long), beneath with a sericeous tomentum of spreading yellow-brown hairs ± 0.3 mm. long (especially dense along the nerves), above puberulent to glabrous, 3-nerved basally; petioles 3–6 mm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Stipules subulate, 1–2 mm. long, caducous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16803 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Flowers yellow-green, numerous in axillary cymes; cymes 5–10 mm. long and broad, 8–20 flowered (only 1 flower per cyme producing fruit, rarely 2); peduncles 1–4 mm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long in flower, 3–6 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16804 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Sepals ±1.5 mm. long, spreading in flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16805 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Petals ± 1 mm. long, very narrow, spreading in flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16806 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Ovary 2-celled; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16807 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Fruit nearly globose (prolate when immature), yellow or red-yellow, 7–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16808 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0001131307 morphology 10D85C21-D979-44A6-9EB0-4C39F5B643FB Fig. 8/3, p. 25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16809 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719398-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Shrubs or small trees to 15(–30) m. tall, armed with spinous stipules or rarely unarmed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Bark of bole dark grey, smooth to rough to corrugated;slash-wood crimson, soft. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Year-old branches often zig-zag. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Leaf-blades ovate, (2–)3–6(–8) cm. long, (l.3–)2–3.5(–4.7) cm. wide, at base often markedly asymmetrical, rounded or rarely very shallowly cordate, acute, often acuminate or rarely obtuse, serrulate, 3-nerved from base, the nerves of the dull upper surface only slightly if at all impressed; petioles 2–7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Cymes (5–)10–15 mm. long, and about as thick, (3–)7–25-flowered; peduncles 1–3 mm. long; pedicels 1–3 mm. long in flower, 3–5 mm. long in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Sepals 1.5–2 mm. long, spreading in flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Petals 1–1.5 mm. long, spreading in flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Ovary 2-celled; stigmas 2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430319 morphology A1EB2C58-7C0A-454D-9012-3750BE4ED408 Fruit globose, 12–20 mm. thick, reddish or reddish brown at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719359-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Shrubs or small trees (2–)3–6(–13) m. tall, armed; trunk to 25 cm. thick; bark grey, very deeply furrowed or fissured; slash-wood deep red; sapwood reddish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Branchlets pubescent, zig-zag. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Leaf-blades ovate to broadly ovate, (3–)5–8(–13) cm. long, (2–)3–5(–9) cm. broad, at base rounded and very asymmetric, obtuse to acute or even acuminate, 3-nerved from the base, above when young glabrous or finely pubescent, eventually glabrous and with somewhat impressed venation, beneath often tomentose to nearly glabrous and with prominulent veins; petioles (3–)5–8(–12) mm. long, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Cymes 1–2 cm. long and broad, (6–)10–25-flowered; peduncles 2–6(–10) mm. long, tomentose; pedicels 0.5–3 mm. long in flower, 3–6(–9) mm. long in fruit, tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Sepals 1.5–2 mm. long, dorsally tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Petals 1–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Ovary 2-celled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Drupe 2–3 cm. thick, reddish when mature. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Stone 2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0000430509 morphology 2A0C87B6-AFBA-4C1A-A6B5-E68E00C8E368 Fig. 8/4, p. 25, & 9, p. 28. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719244-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Shrubs l–2(–3) m. tall, armed; bark apparently dark greyish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Branchlets zig-zag, often arcuate-recurved, puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Leaves often fascicled at the nodes; blades oblong, 8–15(–20) mm. long, 5–7(–13) mm. wide, shortly but densely pilosulous all over, at base rounded to broadly cuneate, acute to rounded, minutely serrulate to nearly entire, grey-green; petioles 1–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Cymes much reduced, fascicle-like or glomeruliform, ± 5 mm. long and thick, 2–4-flowered; peduncles essentially absent; pedicels 2–3.5 mm. long in flower, 6–7 mm. in fruit, pilosulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Sepals pilosulous dorsally, 1–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Petals ± 1 mm. long, white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Drupe globose, 7–10 mm. thick, black at maturity. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0001131310 morphology 2DD2F6B6-261C-4FFC-ACA0-37FC0BBDBDE2 Fig. 8/2, p. 25. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719310-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Shrubs or trees usually no more than 10 m. tall but reported occasionally to 25 m. and with trunks 5–7 dm. thick; wood very hard and heavy; bark deeply checked and tending to shed in sheets. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Younger branches conspicuously lenticellate; branchlets 2–20 cm. long, leafy, glabrous to densely pubescent with short spreading whitish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Leaves opposite or nearly so; earliest (lowest) blades of emerging branchlets smallish, elliptic-obovate and blunt, later ones larger, elliptic to ovate-oblong, acute (2–)3–5(–9) cm. long, (l.5–)2–3.5(–6) cm. wide, at the base cuneate or usually rounded, at the apex blunt to acute, green above and glabrous or minutely pubescent near the midrib, beneath slightly paler and microvesiculate and glabrous to densely pubescent with short whitish hairs, on each side of midrib with 6–8 (–9) secondary nerves; petioles (4–)8–10(–13) mm. long, glabrous to pubes-cent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Stipules intra-axillary, 2–4 mm. long, subulate, united about half the length, all but the basal 0.5–1 mm. quickly deciduous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Flowers solitary or usually in fascicles of 2–6 in the axils; pedicels 3–5(–7) mm. long in flower, 4–7(–10) mm. in fruit. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Sepals 2–3 mm. long, spreading to reflexed at anthe-sis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Petals 1.8–2.2 mm. long, spreading or weakly arcuate-ascending. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Style 1 mm. long, bifid a fourth to a third the length. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Disk free from the ovary though thick near its base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Fruit 12–20 mm. long, 7–11 mm. thick, yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000564133 morphology 9140B569-683A-4DD6-A1B3-22005557FD76 Fig. 10. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:716679-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Stout liane to 30 m. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Branches somewhat zig-zag; branchlets essentially glabrous, often divaricate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Leaf-blades ovate-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 5–12 cm. long, 17–55 mm. broad, at base rounded, acute or usually shortly acuminate (with an acumen ± 1 cm. long), essentially glabrous, beneath with prominulent veins, with ± 6 or 7 pairs of secondary nerves, appressed serrate or appressed crenate; petioles 2–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Stipules subulate, 1–2 mm. long, subpersistent, glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Flowers borne in axillary glomerules of 4–10 flowers at nodes where the leaves are obsolete or often merely reduced to lanceolate bracts 2–4(–7) cm. long, the compound inflorescences 10–15 cm. long; branches vaguely panicle-like, both terminal and lateral on the branch system, when young minutety pubescent in lines;pedicels l–2(–3) mm. long in flower, 3–4(–5) mm. in fruit, at first minutely pubescent with tawny appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16869 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Sepals deltoid, 1–1.3 mm. long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16870 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Petals oblanceolate, ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed at anthesis, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Disk glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Fruit (3–)4–6 cm. long, the wing (7–)8–10 mm. broad, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418385 morphology 2416F49F-089B-4030-A1DC-227F80D35524 Fig. 11, p. 35. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719106-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Stout liane to 35 m. or more in length; bark grey and smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Branchlets at least when young densely pubescent with appressed brownish hairs ±0.1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Leaf-blades narrowly ovate to ovate, 7–11 cm. long, 2.9–4.9 cm. wide, at base rounded, apex acute or broadly acuminate (with an acumen ± 1 cm. long), glabrous except for persistent appressed pubescence along the prominulent veins beneath, with about 6 or 7 pairs of secondary nerves, appressed crenulate or appressed serrulate; petioles 2–6 mm. long, appressed pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Stipules subulate, ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Flowers borne in terminal and lateral nearly or quite leafless much-branched secund vaguely panicle-like inflorescences 1–2 dm. long, each node bearing on the upper side a glomerule of 3–10 flowers, the curved branches densely pubescent with appressed brownish hairs ± 0.1 mm. long; pedicels 1–2 mm. long in flower, 3–4 mm. in fruit, densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Cup and backs of sepals densely pubescent with appressed brownish hairs ± 0.1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Sepals deltoid, 1–1.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Petals ± 1 mm. long, strongly reflexed, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Disk densely pubescent with appressed yellowish hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000418372 morphology 3D58B61D-83DA-4BC6-8594-D43CC760AD56 Fruit 5–7 cm. long, the wing 8–10 mm. broad, minutely pubescent with appressed hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:719119-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Trees (5–)15–25(–42) m. tall; trunk (l–)2–5(–10) dm. thick; bark silvery grey with vertical twisted furrowing; slash red outside, yellow near the wood; heartwood yellowish, darkening on exposure to reddish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Year-old branchlets glabrescent, smooth, brownish, lenticellate; youngest branches dark, puberulent to nearly glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Leaf-blades ovate-elliptic to oblong-ovate, 7–14 cm. long, 2.5–6 cm. wide, lustrous above, paler beneath, glabrous except when quite young, at base rounded to subcordate, acuminate, at margins with rounded ± salient teeth or projections 0.3–5 mm. long, on each side of midrib with (6–)7–10 secondary nerves; petioles 6–12 mm. long, puberulent to glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Stipules 2–6 mm. long, puberulent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Cymes 1–5 cm. long, many-flowered; primary peduncle 4–25 mm. long; ultimate pedicels l–3(–6) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Sepals ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000452431 morphology D5530C2F-4E36-4B39-801B-6C9895D91975 Drupe (only 1, 2 or rarely 3 fruits set per inflorescence) obovoid or narrowly so, 22–30 mm. long, 10–16 mm. thick, the style and stigma persistent; outer portion of mesocarp fleshy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:717624-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Submerged aquatic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16892 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Thalli thin, oblong-lanceolate, 5–10 mm. long, with a stipe almost as long again, 2–4 mm. wide, margin ± toothed in the upper third, entire and undulate below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16893 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Daughter thallus budding in pouch situated in lower third, each remaining attached by stipe, thus forming a lattice. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16894 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Root, if present, solitary; cap acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16895 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Fertile thalli few, non-stipitate, much smaller than non-fertile thalli, free-floating at water-surface: flowering pouch produced near base of thallus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16896 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Spathe present, enclosing 2 male and 1 female flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Staminate flowers protandrous, each with one curved stamen at different stages of development, making direct contact with style of another plant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16898 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Pistillate flower with 1 ovule. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16899 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Seed oblong, ribbed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224474 morphology FB6B9967-D224-43BE-88E6-5C8065B249E9 Fig. 1/1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526223-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Thallus free-floating, surface broadly ovate, yellow-green, asymmetrical, slightly convex, 3–5(–6) mm. long, 2–4(–5) mm. wide, almost hemispherical below and spongy with large inflated hyaline cells and airspaces (even in flat form with large cells evident). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Daughter thalli budding laterally, 2 or 3remaining attached with very short stipes. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Root solitary; sheath unwinged; root-cap 5 mm. long, tip obtuse (rarely acute). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Floral cavity lateral. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Spathe enclosing 2 1-staminate flowers and 1 pistillate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Fruits narrowly winged above, 1–2-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Seed ribbed and transversely striate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224424 morphology D062E01E-3424-4D66-9741-905609872CEB Fig. 1/2, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526178-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Free-floating aquatic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Thallus dark green, symmetrical, flat, oblong-ovate. 2.5–6 mm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, rather obscurely 3-nerved, without large airspaces evident beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Root solitary, arising along a shallow groove; sheath unwinged; root-cap obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Floral pocket lateral; spathe open at the top. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Staminate flowers 2, each with a single stamen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Pistillate flower solitary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Seed solitary, not ribbed, reticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224440 morphology 03B5E9D1-4253-4A8D-A870-7AF7CBE000BC Fig. 1/3, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Thallus free-floating, pale green, ovate, variable in size, 1.5–4 mm. long, 0.7–2.5 mm. wide, asymmetrical, upper surface with or without an apical papilla and 1 or more along the midline, obscurely 3-nerved. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Daughter thallus very shortly stipitate, several individuals adhering closely. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Root solitary; sheath winged below the thallus; root-cap acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Flowering cavity lateral; spathe open. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Staminate flowers 2; anthers 2-thecous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Pistillate flower 1; style concave. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Capsule just exserted on a pedicel 2 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, 2 × 3.5 mm., speckled red along the sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42474 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000963691 morphology 1D78F661-5057-487B-9A55-076078C459D6 Seeds ovoid, 1.5 × 1.25 mm., grey, areolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42475 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899859-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Succulent perennial with fibrous roots, spreading-erect or subscandent to ± 1 m. high, laxly branched; branches 4-angled, to 1 cm. thick, conspicuously blotched with dark and paler green; angles with prominent teeth 1–2 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42476 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Spinescence dark brown, dark red when young; spine-shields longitudinal to 1.5 cm. long, 2.5 mm. wide above the spines, decurrent up to 10 mm., usually separated up to 6 mm. or occasionally confluent; spines to 15 mm. long; prickles fine, to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42477 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42478 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles ± 2.5 mm. long; bracts deltoid, ± 1.2 × 1.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42479 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 1.5 × 2.8 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.3 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42480 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42481 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42482 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000961651 morphology 5B2D0435-56EE-4FD8-8DD0-E5F0346397C8 Capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42483 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931892-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Succulent perennial with a fleshy root, ± sparsely branched, shrubby to ± 1.5 m. or occasionally subscandent to 2 m. high; stems and branches 4(–5)-angled, to 1.5 cm. thick, variously vareigated, mottled, or striped darker green along the angles; angles with shallow teeth to 3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42484 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Spinescence greyish brown; spine-shields longitudinal and contiguous or decurrent to just above the flowering eye below; spines single, to 2 cm. long terminating in forked tips to 5 mm. long; prickles to 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42485 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Leaves deltoid, ± 3 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42486 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42487 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Cyathia ± 3 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, yellow to reddish; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42488 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, laciniate, deeply dentate; stamens 4.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42489 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42490 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 5 mm., speckled purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42491 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Seeds ovoid, 2 × 1.5 mm., grey, closely tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42492 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962301 morphology 893F8584-25C1-4EBC-AE65-28DDF1B3A0B6 Fig. 98/1–3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42493 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346636-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Succulent perennial with a fleshy root, subscandent to 2 m. high; stems and branches 4-angled, to ± 1 cm. thick, variously mottled, variegated or striped; angles with shallow to subprominent teeth to ± 3 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42494 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Spinescence brownish grey, the spine-shields elongated to 2.5 cm. long, decurrent to 2 cm. rarely reaching the flowering eye below; spines single to 1.5 cm. long, terminating in forked tips to 3 mm. long, weakly divergent; prickles to 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42495 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.25 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42496 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42497 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Cyathia ± 3 × 4.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, reddish; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42498 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, laciniate, deeply dentate; stamens 4.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42499 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Female flower: ovary subsessile; styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42500 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Entire capsule not seen, probably ± 2.5 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42501 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000962128 morphology A5E0068A-E00C-4433-8A37-CE9607D62BE1 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42502 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899850-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Succulent perennial, with a thick fleshy root, branching from the base and weakly erect to 1 m., or grazed to ± 25 cm. high and then usually more densely branched; branches 4-angled, to 1.5 cm. thick, glaucous with darker stripes along the angles, becoming purplish; angles with prominent teeth to ± 2(–3.5) cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42503 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Spinescence grey, rather weak; spine-shields elongated up to 2 cm. long, decurrent to 1.5 cm.; spines single to 2 cm. long terminating in forked tips to 5 mm. long, weakly divergent; prickles to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42504 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42505 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with vivid carmine subsessile cyathia; bracts deltoid, ± 2 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42506 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Cyathia ± 3 × 5.5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 1.25 × 1.75 mm., contiguous; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42507 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42508 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Female flower: ovary subsessile; styles 2.5 mm. long, joined at the base, apices rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42509 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Entire capsule not seen, probably ± 4 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42510 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000963323 morphology 181D4064-0DC5-4585-9A6A-479A605D3357 Seeds globose, 1.75 mm. in diameter, dark brownish red, indistinctly alveolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42511 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899858-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Tuberous-rooted perennial succulent, scandent to 3 m., sparsely branched; branches cylindrical, 5–10 mm. thick, with 3–6 ribs (angles) without teeth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42512 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Spinescence purplish brown; spine-shields 1–3 cm. long, contiguous and forming longitudinal strips 1–3 mm. wide, separated by grooves ± 1 mm. wide; spines 1–4 mm. long, recurved, immediately below the flowering eye; prickles vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42513 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Leaves lanceolate, ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42514 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, sessile; bracts subcircular, ± 1.25 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42515 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Cyathia ± 2 × 4 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, brownish red; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42516 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42517 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose, minutely bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42518 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42519 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961947 morphology 5BFC0C45-31DA-4538-B82D-0F357E65DAC4 Seeds subglobose, 1.5 mm. in diameter, pale brown, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42520 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346423-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Perennial succulent with a small tuberous root, much branched and erect from 20 cm. high or subscandent to 3(–5) m. and sparsely branched; branches cylindrical, 3–10 mm. thick, with 5–10 ribs (angles). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42521 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Spinescence greyish brown covered in minute bristly hairs on young growth; spine-shields 1–3 cm. long, contiguous and forming longitudinal strips ± 2 mm. wide, completely covering the stem, separated only by very narrow grooves; spines very fine, 1–3 mm. long, clasping the stem immediately below the flowering eye, present only on young growth; prickles absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42522 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Leaves linear, 2–3 mm. long, minutely hispid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42523 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, sessile, with all parts bright crimson; bracts subcircular, ± 1.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42524 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Cyathia ± 2 × 3.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 0.75 × 1.75 mm., contiguous; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 0.75 × 1.25 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42525 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42526 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Female flower: styles 1.25 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened, rugulose, minutely bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42527 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Capsule sessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42528 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000961570 morphology 41D598EF-EFDD-4DD9-9438-D87ED9CA1A23 Seeds subglobose, 1.5 mm. in diameter, grey, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42529 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346167-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Succulent perennial branching from the base, with a thick fleshy root; branches erect to 30(–50) cm. high, 7–10 mm. thick, sparsely rebranching, cylindrical, greyish green with darker stripes between the spine-shields, teeth very obscure, ± 2 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42530 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Spine-shields in 4 longitudinal series, elongated, ± 17 mm. long, decurrent to 15 mm.; spines single to 15 mm. long; prickles to 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42531 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Leaves deltoid, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42532 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42533 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Cyathia ± 3 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2 mm., contiguous, dull green; lobes subcircular, ± 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42534 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, ± 2 mm. long, deeply dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42535 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Female flower: styles ± 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, apices thickened, rugose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42536 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 4 mm., buff. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42537 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000960900 morphology 99A17363-8AAF-4830-A613-4CE23246352A Seeds ovoid, 2.2 × 1.8 mm., grey, surface alveolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42538 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345727-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Loosely tufted succulent perennial to 30 cm. high and ± 50 cm. in diameter, branching densely at the base from a thick fleshy root; branches to 30 cm. long, 1.5 cm. thick, cylindrical, sparsely rebranched, with usually prominent teeth, ± 2 cm. apart, in 4–5 longitudinal ± spiral series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42539 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Spinescence grey; spine-shields oblong-triangular, to 10 × 3 mm., decurrent to ± 8 mm. and ± halfway to the shield below; spines single, to ± 2 cm. long; prickles rudimentary to 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42540 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Leaves deltoid, ± 2.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42541 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches 1–3 mm. long; bracts deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42542 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2.5 mm., contiguous, greenish yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42543 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, denticulate; stamens 4.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42544 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Female flower: styles 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, with thickened rugose apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42545 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3 × 4 mm., buff. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42546 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000964774 morphology F676D255-4516-4D08-956E-E9AFAE199FD2 Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42547 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931889-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Tufted succulent perennial to 15 cm. high and 30(–60) cm. in diameter, branching densely from the base at the apex of a thick fleshy root; branches to 25 cm. long and 5–10 mm. thick, cylindrical, seldom rebranched except at the base, with teeth shallow to ± prominent, ± 2 cm. apart in 4 longitudinal series, and in strictly opposite pairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42548 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Spinescence sturdy, grey; spine-shields triangular, T-shaped above the spines, to 8 × 4 mm., shortly decurrent to 4(–6) mm.; spines single to ± 2 cm. long; prickles rudimentary, to ± 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42549 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Leaves deltoid, 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42550 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches 1(–5) mm. long; bracts obtusely triangular, ± 1.5 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42551 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 6 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 3 mm., contiguous, yellow occasionally becoming reddish; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42552 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, finely dentate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42553 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, free to the base, spreading, with thickened rugose apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42554 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 2.5 × 3 mm., buff. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42555 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42556 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962332 morphology A834F755-A62D-442A-AC4D-AFCA47CE8AD8 Fig. 98/4, p. 524. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42557 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346660-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Tufted succulent perennial to 10 cm. high and 20 cm. in diameter, branching densely from the base, with a thick fleshy root; branches to 10 cm. long and 8–10 mm. thick, cylindrical, not rebranching, with shallow teeth 1–1.5 cm. apart in 4 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42558 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Spinescence whitish; spine-shields oblong-triangular, to 6 × 2 mm., decurrent to 4 mm.; spines single, to ± 12 mm. long; prickles absent or occasionally rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42559 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Leaves sharply deltoid, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42560 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42561 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Cyathia ± 2.5 × 4 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 2 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes subcircular, ± 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42562 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, finely dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42563 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, with thickened rugose apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42564 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3 × 4 mm., buff. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42565 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000962925 morphology 23AD0F49-082E-41B3-A452-8C33530E0BDE Seeds ovoid, 2 × 1.6 mm., pale brown, surface wrinkled. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42566 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931890-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Densely branched succulent perennial to 60 cm. high, with fibrous roots and a main stem to 50 cm. high and 6 cm. thick; branches to 40 cm. long, erect at first then drooping and trailing, usually unbranched, cylindrical, to 12 mm. thick, longitudinally striped with dark and light green; teeth very shallow, to 1.5 cm. apart in 3–5 ± spirally arranged series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42567 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Spinescence greyish brown; spine-shields longitudinal, to 11 × 3 mm., decurrent to 10 mm.; spines single, to 2.5 cm. long terminating in forked tips to 1 mm. long with one of these slightly shorter and weaker than the other; prickles to 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42568 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Leaves deltoid, ± 2 × 1.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42569 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts oblong, ± 1.5 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42570 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Cyathia ± 2 × 5.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.5 × 3 mm., contiguous, dark red; lobes subcircular, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter, deeply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42571 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, laciniate, deeply dentate; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42572 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Female flower: styles slender, 2 mm. long, free to the base, apices thickened, rugulose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42573 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Capsule subsessile, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 5 mm., purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42574 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000964596 morphology 4BA404BB-23B9-4B89-BA7F-6874A6301877 Mature seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42575 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:348181-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Sprawling succulent perennial with main stem to 7.5 cm. high and 20 cm. in diameter, the apex usually ± at ground-level from a short thick fleshy root; branches produced successively from the apical growing point, spreading, to 1 m. long and 2 cm. thick, sparsely rebranched when mature, cylindrical, green with yellow-green longitudinal stripes and obscure teeth to 4 cm. apart in 5 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42576 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Spinescence very robust, pale grey; spine-shields oblong-triangular, to ± 2.5 × 1 cm., decurrent to 2 cm.; spines single, to 7 cm. long; prickles to 8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42577 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Leaves ovate, ± 3.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42578 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncles and cyme-branches ± 1.5 mm. long; bracts deltoid, ± 1.75 × 1.75 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42579 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Cyathia ± 3 × 7.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1.5 × 4 mm., contiguous, yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42580 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, dentate; stamens 5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42581 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Female flower: styles 2 mm. long, free to the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42582 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Capsule on a pedicel 2 mm. long, deeply 3-lobed, ± 3.25 × 5 mm., purplish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42583 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000962831 morphology 46CCA8FF-1967-419A-86CC-0D2D5B0B66B9 Seeds globose, 2 mm. in diameter, pale brown, lightly areolate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42584 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899856-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Tufted succulent perennial with a thick fleshy root and main stem to 5 cm. high and 2 cm. in diameter, the apex just above ground-level; branches produced successively from the apical growing-point, erect then spreading, to 15 cm. long, usually shorter, 1 cm. thick, cylindrical, seldom rebranched, dark green with lighter longitudinal stripes and shallow teeth to 1.5 cm. apart in 5 longitudinal series. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42585 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Spinescence greyish brown; spine-shields longitudinal, to 9 × 1.5 mm., decurrent to 8 mm.; spines single to 2 cm. long; prickles to 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42586 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Leaves deltoid, 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42587 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Cymes solitary, 1-forked, with peduncle and cyme-branches 1 mm. long; bracts oblong, ± 1.75 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42588 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Cyathia ± 2 × 4 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely rectangular, ± 1 × 1.75 mm., contiguous, reddish; lobes subcircular, ± 1.25 mm. in diameter, deeply toothed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42589 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Male flowers: bracteoles few, fan-shaped, deeply dentate; stamens 3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42590 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Female flower: ovary shortly pedicellate; styles 1.75 mm. long, joined at the base, with thickened rugose apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42591 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000960536 morphology E018C624-580C-4539-B4F8-666DA0FB9360 Capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42592 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:899843-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Hysteranthous geophyte, with branched rhizomes to 4 cm. thick and ± 15 cm. long; stems erect, below ground, ± 5 cm. high, with horizontally spreading branches and a dark roughened surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42593 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Leaves glabrous, sessile, crowded and spreading in a rosette at soil level from the stem apex, oblanceolate to obovate to 8.5 × 3.2–4 cm., base cuneate, apex obtuse, mucronate, margin entire or minutely crisped, ± fleshy, green streaked with red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42594 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Cymes produced before the leaves, simple or sparsely branched, with peduncles 3.3–3.7 cm. long; bracts sessile, deltoid, 3.2–3.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42595 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Cyathia sessile, ± 3.5 × 5.2 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely elliptic, ± 0.5 × 1.5 mm., contiguous, brownish; lobes 2.2 mm. wide, deeply dentate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42596 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Male flowers: bracteoles spathulate, deeply laciniate; stamens ± 4.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42597 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Female flower: styles ± 1.9 mm. long, joined at the base, apices thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42598 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Capsule exserted on a recurved pedicel to 1 cm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.3 × 4.2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42599 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000963412 morphology EEC18CF4-A906-4ADF-B497-4843456F5528 Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42600 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931724-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Glabrous hysteranthous geophyte, with a tuberous root ± 3 × 2 cm. tapering abruptly into a long tap-root and with several horizontal to ascending lateral roots; subterranean caudex tapering from the root, ± 3 × 1 cm., closely covered with tessellated leaf-scars. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42601 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Leaves oblong, to ± 5.5 × 3.5 cm., spreading above ground; petiole to 2.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42602 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Cymes appearing before the leaves, on peduncles to 2 cm. long, 2–4(–7)-forked, with cyme-branches to 1 cm. long; bracts ovate, ± 3 × 2 mm., pinkish buff. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42603 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Calyx persistent; lobes imbricate or valvate, free or fused at the base; 2–5 lobes usually accrescent into very distinct wings in fruiting state urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Corolla-lobes 5, contorted, connate at base or free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Stamens 5 to over 100; filaments free or connate; anthers 2-thecous, introrse or laterally dehiscent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Ovary superior or semi-inferior, partly unilocular or (2–)3–5-locular (4 in the sole S. American genus); ovules 2(–4) in each locule, axile or parietal urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000197 morphology 56598B8E-6170-4480-9544-4AC31BCE814B Fruit indehiscent, usually 1-seeded with woody pericarp, usually with 2–5 persistent wing-like sepals but not accrescent in a few genera urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126600-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Trees, shrubs, subshrubs or lianas urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Stipules present, caducous or persistent, simple, entire, or variously lobed or divided urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Leaves alternate, simple, entire, pinnately nerved, often glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Inflorescences axillary, sometimes arranged on leafless axillary or terminal shoots, cymose, distinctly branched to subglobose, sessile to pedunculate, the peduncle free or adnate to petiole; bracts and bracteoles usually small urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Flowers small, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, (4–)5-merous, bisexual (Africa) to unisexual; pedicel usually articulate, the upper part (the true pedicel) absent to very distinct urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Sepals (4–)5, subequal to strongly unequal, imbricate, free or shortly united, rarely forming a tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Petals (4–)5, equal to very unequal, alternating with the sepals, free or nearly so, or, more often, united with the alternating stamens into a very short to distinct tube, entire or bilobed to bicucullate apically urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Androecium of 2–5 stamens and 0–3 staminodes, opposite the sepals; anthers dithecous, introrse, opening by longitudinal slits, usually with a distinct connective urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Basal staminodes (disc-glands, disc-lobes, hypogynous glands) 1–5, opposite the petals, free or united into a disc, variously shaped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Pistil 2–3(–4)-merous; ovary superior, with 2 collateral pendulous anatropous ovules in each locule, raphe ventral, obturator distinct or not; styles 2–3(–4), free or nearly so, more often almost completely united with free apical parts urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Fruit a drupe with 1–3(–4) 1-seeded free pyrenes, deeply lobed or not; exocarp dehiscent or indehiscent; mesocarp ± fleshy; endocarp indehiscent, usually with a distinct apical, and usually partly ventral, suture, pergamentaceous to woody or bony, hairy inside or not urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Seeds exalbuminous, rarely with some albumen; testa usually thin, glabrous, rarely hairy; cotyledons usually planoconvex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000185 morphology 5EBBBB50-7DB2-4FEE-8CE9-81C8F1B4183B Germination usually hypogeal, first pair of leaves opposite or alternate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126618-1 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Herbs, sometimes subshrubs (very rarely small trees) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Leaves alternate, basal ones often in a rosette, not stipulate, ± petiolate, entire to variously divided urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Inflorescences terminal or sometimes axillary racemes, in flower mostly condensed and often corymbose, in fruit elongate, usually ebracteate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, hypogynous, 4-merous, heterochlamydous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Sepals 4, free, imbricate, the inner ones quite often saccate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Petals 4 (rarely absent), free, usually equal, ± clawed, imbricate or contorted urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Stamens 6, tetradynamous (rarely 4 or 2), usually free; anthers usually 2-thecous, opening lengthwise; pollen grains mostly 3-, 4- or multicolpate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Nectarial glands variously arranged at the filament-bases urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Ovary superior, sessile or stipitate, of seemingly 2 united carpels, divided into 2 “secondary” locules by a thin membranous septum (sometimes transversely locular); placentation parietal; ovules usually many, ana- or campylotropous; stigma bifid or connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Fruit a bivalved dehiscent siliqua or silicula (see key), sometimes a nutlet, lomentum or otherwise constructed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000082 morphology D7CC03A8-1F3A-4F71-9793-8A8552E29ACD Seeds virtually devoid of endosperm, with cotyledons incumbent, accumbent or variously folded urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000087-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely small shrubs, usually succulent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Leaves opposite or alternate, rarely verticillate, exstipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Flowers usually in terminal cymose inflorescences, less often in spikes or racemes or solitary in the leaf-axils, with or without bracts, regular, hermaphrodite, rarely unisexual and dioecious, mostly (3–)4–5(–±30)-merous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Sepals free or united into a tube, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Petals the same number as the sepals, free or variously connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Stamens hypogynous or epipetalous, as many as the petals or twice as many, and in 2 whorls, frequently obdiplostemonous; filaments free or adnate to the petals; anthers 2-thecous, introrse, opening by a longitudinal slit; scale-like nectaries usually present between the stamens and carpels urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Carpels superior, equal in number to the petals, free or slightly connate at the base, 1-locular; ovules (few–)many, inserted on the adaxial suture; style short or elongated, stigmatose on the inner side of the apex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Fruit follicular, membranous or leathery, often surrounded by the persistent membranous corolla, opening on the adaxial side urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000156 morphology 6E2D7A8B-7023-4BAF-8761-DC504148A067 Seeds minute; endosperm usually present; embryo straight urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000887-2 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes with a tuberous or rhizomatous rootstock, occasionally subshrubby, sometimes epiphytic or semi-aquatic, usually growing in moist places in partial or complete shade, but never in dry places; stems usually succulent, rarely woody below, glabrous or pilose, upright or procumbent, often rooting at the lower nodes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Leaves simple, petiolate to sometimes sessile, spirally arranged, opposite or verticillate, pinnately veined, glabrous or pilose (hairs simple, multicellular); margins crenate, dentate or serrate, the teeth often with glanduliferous appendages, these sometimes fimbriate or filiform towards the base of the lamina; petiole occasionally with short capitate glands or fimbriae (extra-floral nectaries), usually in the upper half; exstipulate or with simple or branched glandular stipule-like structures urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Flowers (fig. 1) bisexual, zygomorphic, resupinate through 180°, in simple or pseudoumbellate racemes forming axillary, rarely subterminal, inflorescences, or flowers often epedunculate, fascicled or solitary; bracts entire, rarely toothed; bracteoles occasionally present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Sepals 3, rarely 5, the lateral ones small, entire or toothed, the lower one (lower by resupination) large, navicular, funnel-shaped or saccate, tapering or abruptly constricted into a nectariferous spur which may be short- or long-filiform, straight, curved or incurved, or ± coiled, swollen at the tip or pointed, rarely bilobed or digitately lobed, often coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Petals 5, usually coloured, sometimes white, thin and sappy; the dorsal one (dorsal by resupination) small or large, flat or cucullate, often crested dorsally; lower petals free or united into lateral pairs at or below the middle (the lateral-united petals), the petals of each pair overlapping or with a narrow or wide sinus between them, the upper petals bilobed, emarginate or entire, as large as the lower petals or smaller, sometimes reduced to a tiny lobe, the lower petals seldom reduced, usually large or showy, bilobed, emarginate or entire, sometimes asymmetrically bilobed, the inner lobe occasionally drawn out into a long tapering appendage, sometimes emarginate along the inner margin urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Stamens 5, alternating with the petals, connate or subconnate into a ring surrounding the ovary and stigma, falling off in one piece before the stigma ripens urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Ovary superior, 5-locular, with exile placentation; ovules anatropous, 3–many; style 1, very short or ± absent; stigmas 1–5 urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Fruit a berry or a 5-valved loculicidal fleshy explosive capsule, the valves opening and coiling elastically to expel the seeds, glabrous or variously pubescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000062 morphology 703B3E20-4E6A-420E-A76C-7972CD5EDC2F Seed without endosperm, the testa smooth, warted or with simple, 1–many celled, hairs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126612-1 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Herbs arising from horizontal variously thickened rhizomes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Leafy shoots erect urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Leaves spirally arranged, with open sheaths; ligule absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Inflorescence terminal, many-flowered, bracteate, either a simple spike or a pseudo-spike made up of 2-flowered subunits urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Flowers asymmetric urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Perianth 6-partite, in 2 whorls urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Outer whorl with 3 ovate segments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Inner whorl of 3 narrowly oblong segments, longer than the members of the outer whorl urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Androecium largely petaloid, usually with one member (the labellum) much larger than the others urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Anther with a single fertile theca on one side of a petaloid member urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Style fleshy, free or connate with the petaloid part of the stamen and staminodes to form a tube urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Ovary inferior, 3-locular; surface spiny-fimbriate or verrucose; ovules numerous, axillary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000110 morphology 66C165EF-A875-47EF-8786-4E21C99EA549 Fruit capsular, loculicidally dehiscent (often tardily so); seeds globose, smooth, very hard urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30004770-2 wfo-7000000168 morphology ACA82EE6-C94B-4DF7-B0FA-B4652E053E17 Marine plants, perennial, dioecious, glabrous; rhizome creeping; vessel elements absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1871 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30150816-2 wfo-7000000168 morphology ACA82EE6-C94B-4DF7-B0FA-B4652E053E17 Leaves distichous or spiral; leaf-sheath amplexicaul, with 2 apical auricles, ligulate; blade linear with several parallel nerves, in between which tannin dots and dashes are visible urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1872 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30150816-2 wfo-7000000168 morphology ACA82EE6-C94B-4DF7-B0FA-B4652E053E17 Flowers terminal and solitary on a short branch, or in cymose inflorescences, sessile or stalked, small, water-pollinated; tepals absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1873 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30150816-2 wfo-7000000168 morphology ACA82EE6-C94B-4DF7-B0FA-B4652E053E17 Staminate flowers consisting of 2 anthers, these 4-locular, partially connate, dehiscing by extrorse slits; pollen thread-like, without exine urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1874 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30150816-2 wfo-7000000168 morphology ACA82EE6-C94B-4DF7-B0FA-B4652E053E17 Pistillate flowers of 2 free ovaries; ovule 1, pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1875 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30150816-2 wfo-7000000168 morphology ACA82EE6-C94B-4DF7-B0FA-B4652E053E17 Fruit an indehiscent nutlet; seed 1; endosperm absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1876 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30150816-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Trees or shrubs, occasionally scandent, sometimes spiny, usually containing bitter substances; pubescence usually simple, sometimes glandular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1881 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Leaves spirally arranged, pinnate or simple, exstipulate or with stipular spines (Harrisonia) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1882 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Inflorescences paniculate, racemose or cymose urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1883 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Flowers bisexual, unisexual or polygamous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1884 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Calyx of 3–5(–6) sepals nearly always partly united, valvate to slightly imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1885 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Petals 3–5(–9), rarely absent (not in Flora area), usually free, imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1886 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Stamens 4–10, inserted at the base of a disc, free, sometimes with a scale attached at the base of the filament urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Disc annular, pulviniform, cupular or sometimes inconspicuous (at least in dried specimens) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Ovary globose or 2–5(–6+)-lobed, 2–5(–6+)-locular with 1(–2) ovules per locule, or with free carpels; styles (2–)4–8, free or variously connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Fruit a berry or composed of drupaceous mericarps or dry mericarps attached to a central carpophore urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000567 morphology 32236312-C436-409F-859D-020A844D6D69 Seed with little or no endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000524-2 wfo-7000000180 morphology 133E443F-F546-4346-87C9-4F0975930948 Epiphytic or terrestrial, less often on rocks; rhizome short- to long-creeping, densely clothed with often cordate or peltate sometimes toothed often clathrate scales which have hairs (often glandular) on the surface and/or margin urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1897 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30010274-2 wfo-7000000077 morphology 8BF9E9AF-5A51-48A9-B6B3-BEFD483C70C9 Usually terrestrial ferns, sometimes lithophytic, epiphytic or climbing urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002151-2 wfo-7000000077 morphology 8BF9E9AF-5A51-48A9-B6B3-BEFD483C70C9 Rhizomes erect to long-creeping, scaly, scales not clathrate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002151-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Herbs, shrubs, trees or woody climbers (varying from small annual herbs to large forest trees), sometimes thorny urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Leaves predominantly opposite, sometimes whorled, rarely alternate, simple or digitately compound, entire, serrate or variously lobed, frequently aromatic; stipules absent Flowers mostly ± irregular and 2-lipped, sometimes almost regular, usually 4–5-merous, usually hermaphrodite in often bracteate panicles, cymes or spikes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Calyx tubular or campanulate, lobed or subentire, sometimes 2-lipped urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Corolla usually with narrow tube and spreading limb, minute to quite large and showy; lobes imbricate in bud urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Stamens 4, didynamous, rarely 2 or, in a few genera, the same number as the corolla-lobes, inserted in the corolla-tube and alternate with lobes; filaments free; anthers free or connivent, dorsifixed, 2-thecous, the thecae mostly parallel, opening by longitudinal slits, introrse urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Disk usually present, sometimes conspicuous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Ovary superior, sessile, entire or slightly 4-lobed, 2(–9)-locular, usually soon 4(or more)-locular by development of false septa, with axile or free central (in Avicennia) placentation; ovules 2 in each true locule (2 per carpel), erect or pendulous (in >i>Avicennia); style terminal, simple and entire or shortly 2(rarely 4–5)-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Fruit a drupe, a capsule (infrequent) or dividing at maturity into 2 or 4 nutlets urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000635 morphology C23AA74F-E92D-4E9D-981E-57FBC2876A5C Seeds without or with much reduced endosperm or present and fleshy (in >i>Avicennia); testa membranous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000070-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Annual or perennial herbs, often woody at the base, subshrubs, trees or woody climbers, usually characteristically scabrid or hispid urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Leaves simple, alternate or less often opposite, petiolate or sessile, entire or variously toothed or crenate; stipules absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Inflorescences terminal or axillary, bifurcate or in raceme-like or panicled groups, basically dichotomous cymes, the branches frequently scorpioid and spirally inrolled when young; bracts present or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual (Cordia), sessile or pedicellate, mostly 5-merous, regular or somewhat irregular, occasionally heterostylous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1916 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Calyx tubular or campanulate, persistent and sometimes accrescent in fruit, with (2–)4–7 (or more) imbricate or rarely valvate or open lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1917 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Corolla tubular, campanulate, funnel-shaped or rotate with tube very reduced; lobes 3–16, imbricate or contorted (>i>Myosotis); throat often with scales, thickenings, folds or crests urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1918 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Stamens the same number and alternating with the corolla-lobes, exserted or included, epipetalous; anthers 2- thecous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1919 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Nectariferous disc usually present urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Ovary superior, entire or deeply 4-lobed, 2-locular with 2 ovules in each or with 4, 1-ovuled locules due to the development of false partitions urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Ovules axile, anatropous, erect, horizontal, basal or rarely pendulous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Style usually 1, 2 in one genus or sometimes 4 in one species of >i>Cordia, terminal or gynobasic, entire or 2–4-fid or twice 2-fid; stigmas clavate, capitate or peltate or linear to narrowly foliaceous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Fruit drupaceous with 1, 4-celled endocarp or separating in 2 bilocular or 4 unilocular 1-seeded pyrenes or with 4 quite distinct nutlets urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-7000000079 morphology DDA61B12-DA3C-48A7-908E-CB49B76A8909 Seed with or without endosperm, erect, oblique or horizontal; testa membranous; embryo straight or curved; cotyledons flat or plicate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000135-2 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Buds glaucous; operculum hemispherical to broadly conical, 3–4 mm long, 5–7 mm wide, smooth to distinctly verrucose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Calyx-tube 5–7 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Fruits turbinate, (5–)8–11 mm long (6–)10[–12] mm wide, 1–2-ribbed with 3–4 strongly exserted valves; disc thick, convex, partly fused to valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000955315 morphology ACD03041-3345-43EF-B47F-AB9C33E612ED Fig. 8/22. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593095-1 wfo-0000955352 morphology 42E68EE6-3883-4D42-ABA4-02AFEAE62255 Tree to 30 m with grey, yellow or red-brown fibrous bark on lower trunk and sometimes larger branches, yellowish white and smooth above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593117-1 wfo-0000955352 morphology 42E68EE6-3883-4D42-ABA4-02AFEAE62255 Juvenile leaves ovate or elliptic; adult lanceolate, 6.5–14 cm long, 0.8–1.8 cm wide; petiole terete or slightly flattened, 1–1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593117-1 wfo-0000955352 morphology 42E68EE6-3883-4D42-ABA4-02AFEAE62255 Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle terete or quadrangular, 0.3–1.1[1.5] cm long; pedicels 2–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593117-1 wfo-0000955352 morphology 42E68EE6-3883-4D42-ABA4-02AFEAE62255 Buds clavate to fusiform; operculum conical to rostrate, 2–3 mm long, ± 3 mm wide, usually narrower than the hemispherical calyx-tube which is 3–4 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593117-1 wfo-0000955352 morphology 42E68EE6-3883-4D42-ABA4-02AFEAE62255 Fruits hemispherical, ovoid to subglobular, 4–7 mm long and wide with narrow descending disc and obscured by a prominent dark staminal ring and usually 5 flush or included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593117-1 wfo-0000955352 morphology 42E68EE6-3883-4D42-ABA4-02AFEAE62255 Fig. 8/23, p. 41. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593117-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Tree to 60 m with brown or red-brown rough softly fibrous bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Juvenile leaves ovate, often crenulate; adult lanceolate, 8–13 cm long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, usually crenulate; petiole terete to channelled, 0.8–1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Umbels 7–9-flowered (Fl. Austral.), simple or in terminal and axillary panicles; peduncle flattened, 0.6–1.8 cm long [round in much East African material]; pedicels 2–7[9–10] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Buds clavate; operculum hemispherical, 1–2 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, often marked with crossed sutures. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Calyx-tube clavate, 3–5 mm long, 2–3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Fruits obconical, 4–10 mm long, 3–6 mm wide, usually 3-locular, with moderately broad steeply descending disc and 3–4 included to slightly exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955365 morphology 79E18D73-01CA-4CA5-859B-67D4A061408D Fig. 8/24, p. 41. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593124-1 wfo-0000955371 morphology CD66B155-4C4D-40BA-A4FD-00E0A7B3C048 Tree to 20 m with bark rough throughout, grey to grey-black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67742 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593129-1 wfo-0000955371 morphology CD66B155-4C4D-40BA-A4FD-00E0A7B3C048 Juvenile leaves lanceolate; adult lanceolate, 8–17 cm long, 0.8–2.5 cm wide; petiole terete, 0.8–1.7 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67743 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593129-1 wfo-0000955371 morphology CD66B155-4C4D-40BA-A4FD-00E0A7B3C048 Umbels 7-flowered, arranged in terminal panicles; peduncle terete, 3–9 mm long; pedicels 1–4[5] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67744 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593129-1 wfo-0000955371 morphology CD66B155-4C4D-40BA-A4FD-00E0A7B3C048 Buds usually ovoid or sometimes fusiform, often glaucous; operculum hemispherical or conical, 1–2 mm long, 2–3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67745 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593129-1 wfo-0000955371 morphology CD66B155-4C4D-40BA-A4FD-00E0A7B3C048 Fruits shallowly hemispherical to obconic, 1–5 mm long, 3–7 mm wide with or without a very narrow ascending disc; valves 3–4, strongly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67746 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593129-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Tree to 40 m with grey-brown fibrous stringy bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67747 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Juvenile leaves ovate, often oblique; adult lanceolate, 8–13 cm long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, distinctly unequal at the base; petiole channelled, 1.5–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67748 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle angular or flattened, 0.8–1.8[2.5] cm long; pedicels 1–3[4–6] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67749 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Buds ovoid to clavate; operculum hemispherical to conical, 2–3 mm long, 3–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67750 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Calyx-tube obconical, 3–5 mm long, 3–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67751 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Fruit subglobose to truncate-ovoid, 7–10[11] mm long, 8–12 mm wide with broad level, slightly descending or sometimes slightly convex disc and 4 slightly included or slightly exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67752 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955398 morphology 151E329A-1BB5-4CE0-A094-99792E04F486 Fig. 8/26, p. 41. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67753 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593145-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Tree to 90 m with grey to red-brown furrowed stringy fibrous bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67754 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Juvenile leaves ovate, oblique; adult broadly lanceolate, 10–15 cm long, 1.5–5 cm wide, shining; petiole channelled, 0.7–1.7 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67755 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Umbels 11- or more-flowered; peduncles angular or flattened, 0.4–1.5 cm long; pedicels 1–6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67756 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Buds clavate; operculum hemispherical, 1–2 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67757 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Calyx-tube 2–4 mm long, 2–3 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67758 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Fruits ovoid, subglobose, barrel-shaped or urceolate, 6–11 mm long, 5–9 mm wide with level or steeply descending disc and 3–4 included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67759 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955448 morphology B8A7D7CA-EE54-4059-8E2F-02D383C4677F Fig. 8/27, p. 41. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67760 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593175-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Tree to 50 m with light grey rough bark throughout [deeply fissured]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67761 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult discolorous, lanceolate, 9.5–15 cm long, 1.2–2.4 cm wide; petiole 1.3–2.2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67762 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Umbels 7-flowered in terminal panicles and also some axillary; peduncle terete, quadrangular or flattened, 0.6–1.6[2] cm long; pedicels 4-angled, 2–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67763 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Buds obovoid to fusiform; operculum conical, usually narrower than calyx-tube, 3–4 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67764 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Calyx-tube obovoid to obconical, 4–5 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67765 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Fruits hemispherical, obconical, obovoid or subpyriform, [5]6–8[8.5] mm long, 5–8 mm wide with obscure descending disc and 4–5 flush or included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67766 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955553 morphology 35B35C0C-25B0-48BD-9A51-AA036975AE9A Fig. 8/28, p. 41 & 11/3–4, p. 51. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67767 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Tree to 40 m with red-brown fibrous bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67768 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Leaves discolorous; juvenile ovate; adult lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 10–15 cm long, 2–4 cm wide; petiole channelled, 1.5–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67769 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Umbels ± 7-flowered (occasionally only 3); peduncle broadly flattened, 1–2.5 cm long; pedicels thick, angular, 1–9[12] mm long or rarely absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67770 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Buds fusiform; operculum conical, rostrate, or hemispherical, 10–12 mm long, 6–10 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67771 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Calyx-tube obconical, 6–8 mm long, 6–10 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67772 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Fruits hemispherical or obconical, 0.7–1.6 cm long, 0.7–1.5 cm wide with prominent level disc and 4 strongly exserted valves [rarely just included] [fruits characteristic with an oblique rim and a flange 2.5–4 mm tall]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67773 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955588 morphology 8462DA1B-08F8-42C1-B6B3-83EA94706471 Fig. 9/29. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67774 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593227-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Tree to 70 m with grey-brown [red to black], fibrous bark on most of the trunk but white or yellow-grey and smooth above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67775 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Juvenile leaves opposite, sessile, broadly lanceolate to lanceolate; adult lanceolate, 9–16 cm long, 1.6–3 cm wide; petiole flattened or channelled, 1–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67776 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Umbels 7–15-flowered; peduncle flattened, 1–1.7[2] cm long; pedicels angular, [2.5]3–6[7] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67777 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Buds clavate or fusiform; operculum conical or rostrate, 4–5 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67778 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Calyx-tube obconical, 3–4 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67779 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Fruits hemispherical or subglobose, 6–11 mm long, 7–11 mm wide with narrow to wide, ascending to descending disc and 4 flush or less often included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67780 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955625 morphology 0FC8CA7E-F962-48B6-8076-EF7F8B8FE387 Fig. 9/30. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67781 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593246-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Tree to 25 m with grey-brown fibrous bark on trunk and larger branches or smooth bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67782 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Juvenile leaves round, emarginate; adult grey or glaucous, ovate to broadly lanceolate, 5.5–9 cm long, 1.5–3.5 cm wide with intramarginal vein up to 4 mm from the margin; petiole terete or flattened, 1.5–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67783 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Umbels 7-flowered, in terminal panicles; peduncle terete, 5–10 mm long, pedicels 2–5[7] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67784 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Buds clavate to fusiform, glaucous; operculum conical, 1–2 mm long, ± 2 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67785 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Calyx-tube obovoid to obconical, ± 3 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67786 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Fruits obconical to pyriform, 4–7 mm long, 3–6 mm wide, often glaucous with broad descending disc and 3–4 included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67787 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955661 morphology DD0AF2D0-A7D4-4A48-8F10-D8806657CBF4 Fig. 9/31, p. 45. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67788 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593261-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Tree to 35 m with cream to orange, later grey or grey-brown usually smooth matt bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67789 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Juvenile leaves lanceolate; adult discolorous, lanceolate, slightly falcate, 8–15 cm long, 1.6–3[3.5] cm wide, shining above; petiole channelled or flattened, 1.5–2.6 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67790 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle flattened or angular, 0.5–2 cm long; pedicels angular, 2–9[10] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67791 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Buds ovoid to ± cylindrical; operculum conical or hemispherical or slightly rostrate, 5–6 mm long, 4–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67792 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Calyx-tube obconical or hemispherical, 4–5 mm long, 4–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67793 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Fruits hemispherical or cylindrical, 5–12 mm long, 5–10 mm wide with moderately broad level or ascending disc and 3–4 exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67794 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955715 morphology E5CA5DD0-C424-4738-8547-BD20E3D2C4D2 Fig. 9/32, p. 45. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67795 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593287-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Tree to 75(–100) m with rough fibrous bark to about halfway up the trunk, then with white or grey-green smooth bark above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67796 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, oblique; adult lanceolate, 9–14 cm long, 1.6–2.7 cm wide with nervation very oblique; petiole channelled, 1.2–2.2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67797 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Umbels paired in leaf axils, 9–15-flowered; peduncle angular, 0.5–1.3 cm long; pedicels 2–4[5] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67798 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Buds clavate; operculum conical, 2–3 mm long, 3–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67799 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Calyx-tube obconical, ± 3 mm long, 3–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67800 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Fruits obconical to pyriform, 5–9 mm long, 4–7 mm wide, with broad level or slightly descending disc and 3 flush or slightly exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67801 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955775 morphology 60B48F51-863A-4B21-89FE-F167D9ED5BD4 Fig. 9/33, p. 45. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67802 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593303-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Tree to 30 m with red-brown soft spongy subfibrous rough bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67810 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Juvenile leaves ovate; adult discolorous, broadly [ovate-lanceolate] lanceolate, 10–16[20] cm long, 2.7–4.5[8] cm wide; petiole 2–3.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67811 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Umbels 9–15-flowered; peduncle broadly flattened, 1.3–3[3.5] cm long; pedicels angular, 1–9[12] mm long or absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67812 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Buds rostrate or ± fusiform; operculum conical, rostrate, 10–12 mm long, 6–8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67813 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Calyx-tube obconical, 6–7 mm long, 6–8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67814 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Fruits cylindrical, [8]10–18 mm long, 6–11[12] mm wide, sometimes slightly constricted in the middle or near apex, with broad descending disc and 3–4 valves usually included and joined across the orifice or flush or slightly exserted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67815 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955809 morphology 912B10AC-A861-460C-8D6C-265AAA09CDD0 Fig. 9/35, p. 45. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67816 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593318-1 wfo-0000955830 morphology 38164356-47DA-4C0C-A674-00C7987C659F Tree to 20 m with rough fibrous bark on trunk and lower branches, smooth above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67817 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593327-1 wfo-0000955830 morphology 38164356-47DA-4C0C-A674-00C7987C659F Juvenile leaves ovate or round; adult lanceolate, 9–14 cm long, 1.3–3 cm wide; petiole terete or quadrangular, 1.3–3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67818 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593327-1 wfo-0000955830 morphology 38164356-47DA-4C0C-A674-00C7987C659F Umbels 7-flowered; peduncle terete or quadrangular, 0.6–1.5[2] cm long; pedicels 4–8[13] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67819 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593327-1 wfo-0000955830 morphology 38164356-47DA-4C0C-A674-00C7987C659F Buds ovoid to fusiform; operculum conical, 6–8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67820 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593327-1 wfo-0000955830 morphology 38164356-47DA-4C0C-A674-00C7987C659F Fruits hemispherical, [globose] obconic or campanulate, 4–6 mm long, 6–9 mm wide with broad usually level or sometimes slightly convex or descending disc [often with flanged rim], valves exsert; seed brown to black, pitted. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67821 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593327-1 wfo-0000955830 morphology 38164356-47DA-4C0C-A674-00C7987C659F Fig. 10/36. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67822 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593327-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Tree to 55 m with white or blue-grey smooth bark save for basal 4 m or so which has grey-brown rough flaky bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67823 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult discolorous, lanceolate, 9–17 cm long, 2–3 cm wide; petiole channelled, 1.5–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67824 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle flattened, 0.4–1.8[2.2] cm long; pedicels absent or angular, up to 3[8] mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67825 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Buds fusiform or ± ovoid; operculum conical, 3–4 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67826 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Calyx-tube hemispherical, cylindrical or campanulate, 2–3 mm long, 3–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67827 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Fruits cylindrical, campanulate or subpyriform, 5–8 mm long, 4–7[8] mm wide with narrow descending disc and 3–5 exserted [or included] erect valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67828 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955842 morphology 8F7EF01A-4506-442A-9F20-5F1D87764541 Fig. 10/37. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67829 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593334-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Tree to 45 m with rough grey to grey-black ironbark on trunk and at least larger branches [hard, deeply furrowed] but sometimes smooth above. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67830 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult lanceolate, 8–15 cm long, 1–2 cm wide; petiole terete, 1–1.7 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67831 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Umbels 7-flowered in terminal panicles; peduncle quadrangular, 6–12[23] mm long; pedicels [0]2–4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67832 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Buds fusiform; operculum conical, 3–4 mm long and wide, sometimes rostrate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67833 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Calyx-tube obconic, 2–4 mm long, 3–4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67834 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Fruits obconical, [4]6–8 mm long, [4.5]5–7[7.5] mm wide with narrow descending disc and usually 4 exserted valves [usually rugose and ribbed]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67835 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955890 morphology 30368DE2-5B76-4C1C-BCBC-8D5894FE0871 Fig. 10/38. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67836 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593357-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Tree to 35 m with black [jet black or very dark red-black] hard deeply furrowed bark throughout or on trunk and larger branches and white smooth bark on upper branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67837 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Juvenile leaves linear to lanceolate (or ovate); adult grey, lanceolate, 7–14 cm long, 1.2–1.8 cm wide; petiole terete, 1–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67838 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Umbels [3]7-flowered; peduncle quadrangular to terete, [0.5]0.7–2 cm long, pedicels 0.2–1.5[2] cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67839 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Operculum 3–5 mm long, 4–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67840 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Calyx-tube 4–6 mm long, 4–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67841 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Fruits ovoid, subglobular or urceolate, 5–11 mm long, 6–10 mm wide with narrow descending disc obscured by broad, caducous staminal ring, and 5 included valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67842 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000955894 morphology A67D2D46-0CC8-4A07-927F-C87684FC2607 Fig. 10/39, p. 49. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67843 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593359-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Tree to 50 m with white, grey or grey-blue smooth bark throughout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67844 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Juvenile leaves ovate; adult lanceolate, 10–20 cm long, 1–2.7 cm wide; petiole terete or channelled, 1.3–2.4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67845 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle terete or angular, 0.7–2.5 cm long; pedicels [2]3–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67846 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Buds conical; operculum conical, swollen at base, 8–13 mm long, 4–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67847 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Calyx-tube hemispherical, 2–3 mm long, 4–6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67848 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Fruits subglobular or ovoid, 5–7[8.5] mm long, 4–8[8.5] mm wide, with broad steeply ascending disc and 4–5 strongly exserted valves; seeds black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67849 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956012 morphology 43DCCD51-D116-4F8B-B101-CCF2CCE5A460 Fig. 10/40, p. 49 & 11/5–6. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67850 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593412-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Tree to 50 m with grey, white or yellowish white smooth bark throughout or rough at base or on most of the trunk. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67851 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Juvenile leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate, cordate or amplexicaul; adult lanceolate, 12–20 cm long, 0.8–2 cm wide; petiole terete or slightly flattened, 1–2.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67852 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Umbels 3- or 7-flowered; peduncle angular or flattened, 4–8[12] mm long; [pedicels 1–4 mm long]. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67853 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Buds ovoid; operculum conical or hemispherical, 3–4 mm long, 3–5 mm wide, apiculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67854 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Fruit ribbed, 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000224460 morphology DFCCE64F-CE64-4CE4-A2B6-4C57952A45CE Fig. 1/4, p. 3. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526212-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Free-floating aquatic. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Thallus orbicular-ovate, 3–8 mm. long, almost as broad, with 5–11 conspicuous nerves, sometimes tinged pink above, usually purplish beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Daughter thallus budding from near point of root-insertion in a slit in the mother thallus. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Roots 5–15, arising from greatly thickened basal part of thallus; root-cap acute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Rootless resting bud (turion) produced in adverse conditions, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Flowers seldom produced, surrounded by a small open spathe in a lateral slit-pouch, with 1 pistillate flower, and 2–3 staminate flowers each consisting of a single stamen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Fruit slightly wing-margined. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Seeds 1–2. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000313527 morphology 356E237A-9CC4-41B2-8848-5F8CCDDC6FFB Fig. 2/1. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526250-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Small tree 9–12(–20) m. tall, shrub or scandent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Leaves opposite or subopposite (rarely alternate or pseudo-verticillate); lamina subcoriaceous to papyraceous, narrowly to broadly elliptic or oblong-elliptic or obovate, 2.5–14 cm. long, 1–8 cm. wide, usually shortly and rather bluntly acuminate at the apex and cuneate to rounded at the base, glabrous to fairly densely pubescent especially on the nerves beneath and often with tufts of hairs in the axils of the lateral nerves beneath, reddish or golden or silvery lepidote beneath, the scales usually not contiguous; lateral nerves 4–10 pairs; petiole 2.5–20 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Inflorescences 5–15 cm. long, of terminal panicles of spikes, with lateral spikes, often unbranched, in the axils of the upper leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Flowers (fig. 3/1, p. 14) yellow or cream or whitish, sweetly scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Lower and upper receptacles rufous lepidote, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Sepals ovate-triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Petals linear-elliptic, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 0.3 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Stamen-filaments 1.5–2.5 mm. long; anthers 0.4–0.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Disk 2–5.5 mm. in diameter, glabrous, with notches where the filaments are inserted, without a distinct free margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Style 1.5–2.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Fruit (fig. 4/1, p. 15)subcircular to transversely broadly elliptic in outline, 1.5–2.5 cm. in diameter, rufous or golden lepidote, otherwise glabrous or nearly so; apical peg 0.5–2.5 mm. long; wings 6–10 mm. broad; stipe 1.5–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Cotyledons 2, with petioles 5–6 mm. long, borne above soil-level. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616171 morphology F2573D28-E392-47C3-9C62-44305CB1B105 Scales 150–300μ in diameter (fig. 1/1, p. 12). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169994-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Tree or many-stemmed scandent shrub up to 12 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Leaves opposite or subopposite; lamina subcoriaceous to papyraceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic, (1.5–)5–11.5 cm. long, (1.1–)1.5–5.5 cm. wide, apex usually ± acuminate, base acute or obtuse, glabrous or very sparsely pubescent, tufts of hairs in the axils of the lateral nerves beneath absent or inconspicuous, sparsely golden lepidote beneath; lateral nerves 4–8 pairs; petiole 6–25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Inflorescences 3–10.5 cm. long, solitary or rarely 2–3 in the axils of the upper leaves (the leaves may fall to give the appearance of a branched terminal panicle). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Flowers yellowish or white, scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Lower and upper receptacles rufous lepidote, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Sepals broadly triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Petals narrowly elliptic, 1.5 mm. long, 0.25 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Stamen-filaments 3 mm. long; anthers 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Disk 1.5–2 mm. in diameter, pilose, indented where the filaments are inserted, without a distinct free margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Style 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Fruit (fig. 4/2, p. 15) subcircular to transversely elliptic in outline, 1.5–2 cm. in diameter, rufous or golden lepidote, otherwiseglabrous; apical peg absent; wings 7–9 mm. broad, sometimes flushed red; stipe 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Cotyledons 2, broadly reniform, petiolate, borne above soil-level. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616622 morphology 91F97DED-71F1-4364-9EBE-F1D6AD87E7C3 Scales (fig. 1/2, p. 12) similar to C. celastroides but mature leaves with scales as small as 50 μ in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170345-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Much-branched shrub up to 3 m. tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Leaves mainly borne on non-spinose lateral shoots, opposite or subopposite; lamina papyraceous, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 2–4.5 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, apex very shortly and bluntly acuminate, base cuneate, shortly pilose above, more sparsely beneath, sometimes only on the nerves beneath and slightly tufted in the axils of the lateral nerves, sparsely scattered golden lepidote beneath; lateral nerves 3–5(–7) pairs; petiole 2–5 mm. long, densely rufous and golden lepidote, sparsely hairy. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Inflorescence ± 3 cm. long, of 1–2 single spikes in the axils of leaves on spur shoots, spikes often forming a terminal panicle by the suppression of the upper leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Flowers white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Lower and upper receptacles rufous to golden lepidote, otherwise glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Sepals triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Petals narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long, 0.3 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Stamen-filaments 2.5 mm. long; anthers 0.25 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Disk 1.5–2 mm. in diameter, margin tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Style 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Fruit (fig. 4/3, p. 15) oblong in outline, 1.7–2 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, golden lepidote, otherwise glabrous or nearly so; apical peg absent or very short; wings 5 mm. broad; stipe ± 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616210 morphology 5BD499C3-0FA3-491F-BF30-B41AFD2E2753 Scales (fig. 1/3, p. 12) similar to C. celastroides. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170011-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Tree to 33 m. tall or a shrub, branches often becoming spiny; new growth densely rufous lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Leaves opposite or subopposite; lamina silvery, papyraceous to subcoriaceous, narrowly elliptic to elliptic-oblong or elliptic-obovate, (2.5–)5–6(–8.5) cm. long, (l–)2–2.5(–3) cm. wide, apex obtuse or rounded and often mucronate, base obtuse to narrowly cuneate, densely silvery lepidote on both surfaces, otherwise glabrous, scales often contiguous or overlapping; lateral nerves 4–7 pairs, scarcely visible; petiole 4–10 mm. long, densely rufous lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Inflorescence up to ± 10 cm. long, spikes often forming a terminal panicle by suppression of the upper leaves, or unbranched lateral spikes up to 5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Flowers yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Lower and upper receptacles densely silvery or rufous lepidote, otherwise glabrous or nearly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Sepals ovate-triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Petals obovate to spathulate, 1–1.2 mm. long, 0.4–0.6 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Stamen-filaments 1.5–2 mm. long; anthers 0.3–0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Disk 2–2.5 mm. in diameter, margin densely tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Style 2 mm. long, lower part densely glandular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Fruit (fig. 4/4, p. 15) subcircular to broadly ovate in outline, 1.3–1.8 cm. long, 1.3–1.8 cm. wide, fairly densely to densely silvery lepidote, otherwise glabrous or nearly so, apex pointed; apical peg up to 1 mm. long or absent; wings up to 7 mm. broad; stipe 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Cotyledons 2, 15–18 mm. long, 15 mm. wide, with petioles 9–11 mm. long, arising at or below soil-level. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:16999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616388 morphology A0725396-175C-47F0-8D68-55369FE2B4BC Scales (fig. 1/4, p. 12) 120–300 μ in diameter, roughly circular, cells very numerous and small (marginal cells ± 40–100), divided by many radial and tangential walls; cells beneath the scales with conspicuous round papillae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170163-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Scandent shrub or liane, the main branches ending in long leafless whiplike shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Leaves opposite or rarely subopposite; lamina coriaceous, broadly ovate, oblong-ovate or obovate, 3–15 cm. long, 2–7.6 cm. wide, acuminate to rounded at apex, base rounded and slightly emarginate to cuneate, shiny and usually glabrous (except for the scales), often drying a dark reddish brown above, minutely silvery lepidote but otherwise glabrous beneath; scales impressed; lateral nerves 6–9 pairs; domatia present in some of the nerve axils; petiole 4–11 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Inflorescences terminal panicles of spikes 3–6 cm. long, in the axils of the upper leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Flowers yellowish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Lower receptacle glutinous, shortly pubescent; upper receptacle 1.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, inconspicuously to densely lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Sepals very shallowly triangular or little developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Petals subreniform to circular, 0.8–1 mm. long, 1.2–1.5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Stamen-filaments 4–5 mm. long; anthers 0.4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Disk inconspicuous, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Style 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Fruit (fig. 4/5, p. 15) oblong-ovate to oblong-elliptic in outline, 2.0–2.3 cm. long, 1.8–2.0 cm. wide, apex retuse, base shallowly cordate, minutely lepidote, otherwise glabrous; apical peg inconspicuous; stipe 2–2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616815 morphology 130D5CB6-95DF-48CC-9882-CE0BF8C8292E Scales (fig. 1/5, p. 12) 55–80 μ in diameter, simple 8-celled type with few tangential walls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170503-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Shrub or tree up to 18 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17025 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Bark buff-brown, spongy, scaling off in large longitudinal flakes; wood purplish black. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17026 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Leaves opposite; lamina papyraceous to chartaceous, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 6–12(–15) cm. long, 2–4.5(–7.5) cm. wide, apex rather blunt and somewhat acuminate, base cuneate to rounded, verrucose above, otherwise glabrous and shiny, inconspicuously silvery lepidote beneath, sparsely pubescent on midrib and with hairs in axils of lateral nerves, otherwise glabrous; lateral nerves 3–8 pairs, alternate or subopposite; petiole up to 8(–10) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17027 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Inflorescence subglobose-fasciculate axillary spikes 1–1.5 cm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17028 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Flowers yellow, scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17029 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Lower receptacle glutinous, glabrous; upper receptacle 1.5 mm. long and wide, with 4 pouch-like swellings alternating with the position ofthe petals, not conspicuously lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17030 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Sepals shallowly triangular, little developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17031 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Petals suborbicular, 1.3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17032 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Stamen-filaments 4 mm. long; anthers 0.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17033 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Disk glabrous, margin scarcely produced. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Style 5.5 mm. long, expanded near apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Fruit (fig. 4/7, p. 15) yellowish green, subcircular in outline, up to 3.5 cm. in diameter, glutinous when young; stipe 1–2 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Cotyledons 2, borne above ground, sessile, obreniform, shortly and broadly acuminate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616761 morphology DD7AD79D-9FD9-4815-8DE7-9B44CD475376 Scales (fig. 1/7, p. 12) 45–75 μ in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Straggling shrub or small tree up to 4 m.; branches nearly at right-angles, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Leaves opposite; lamina papyraceous to chartaceous or subcoriaceous, narrowly elliptic, 2.5–5 cm. long, 1–2 cm. wide, acute or obtuse, rounded or emarginate at the base, glabrous except for some indumentum on the nerves when young and tufts of hairs in the axils of the lateral nerves beneath, conspicuously lepidote when young but inconspicuously so when mature; lateral nerves 3–6 pairs; petiole l–2(–3.5) mm. long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Inflorescence of short, 1 cm. long, subcapitate spikes in the axils of the young leaves or forming a short panicle by suppression of the upper leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Flowers (fig. 3/8, p. 14) yellowish or yellow-green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Lower receptacle 2–2.5 mm. long, tomentellous; upper receptacle cupuliform, 3.5–4(–4.5) mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, appressed pubescent, often with 4 tomentellous nerves running up into the sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Sepals triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Petals obtriangular to obovate or subcircular, 1.3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17045 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Stamen-filaments 3.5–4 mm. long; anthers 1–1.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17046 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Disk with a pilose margin free for ± 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17047 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Style 1.5–2 mm. long, somewhat swollen at the apex and apparently considerably expanded for a short period. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17048 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Fruit (fig. 4/8, p. 15) oval to suborbicular in outline, 3–4 cm. long, 2.5–3 cm. wide, tomentellous when young, not conspicuously lepidote, apex somewhat emarginate; apical peg short, up to 0.6 mm.; wings 9–12 mm. wide, decurrent at the base in the 1.2–2 cm. long slender stipe. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17049 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616325 morphology 4C724A99-8F72-4025-B70D-3797B3405582 Scales (fig. 1/8, p. 12) 35–60(–70) μ in diameter, with 8–12 marginal cells. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17050 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170107-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Small tree; branches mouse-grey; branchlets reddish brown, lightly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17051 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Leaves opposite; lamina elliptic, up to 8 cm. long, 3.5 cm. wide, apex shortly obtuse-acuminate, base cuneate, pustulate, glabrous except for the sparse scales and pubescent domatia in the nerve-axils; midrib prominent beneath; lateral nerves 5–6 pairs; petiole up to 9 mm. long, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17052 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Inflorescences solitary axillary spikes 5–10 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17053 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Flowers yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17054 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Lower receptacle 3 mm. long, lightly pubescent to moderately densely rufous pubescent; upper receptacle 5 mm. long, infundibuliform below for 3 mm., then widening rather abruptly to a 3 mm. broad campanulate crown, sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17055 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Sepals deltate, 0.7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17056 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Petals obtriangular, 0.8 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, emarginate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17057 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Stamen-filaments 4 mm. long; anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17058 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Disk with pilose margin free for 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17059 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Fruit (fig. 4/9, p. 15) ovate in outline, 3 cm. long, 2.5 cm. wide; body hoary with a few scattered red scales; wings firm and copper-brown; apical peg absent; stipe ± 10 mm. long, slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17060 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616822 morphology BA06A722-54F2-4C43-8A88-F0C0F22DA56D Scales (fig. 1/9, p. 12) ± 120 μ in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17061 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170509-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Small tree up to ± 12 m. high or a coppicing shrub; bark reddish brown or pale yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17062 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Leaves opposite or alternate or verticillate; lamina coriaceous or subcoriaceous, very variable in shape, up to 22 cm. long and 8 cm. wide, upper surface drying reddish olive or yellowish brown, usually somewhat “metallic” in appearance, lower surface green, buff or silvery, glabrous (except for scales) to densely tomentose, conspicuously lepidote except when the scales are hidden by the indumentum; scales contiguous or not; lateral nerves 6–20 pairs, reticulation sometimes prominent; petiole 1–4 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17063 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Inflorescences simple spikes or panicles up to 10 cm. long, axillary or supra-axillary from bracts or reduced leaves on the current year’s shoots (the panicle appears to be derived by the suppression of these leaves or bracts), glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17064 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Flowers (fig. 3/10, p. 14) yellow, cream or white, fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17065 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Lower receptacle glabrous (except for scales) or hairy, lepidote; upper receptacle campanulate at the base and cupuliform at the apex, generally 3.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, or, in subsp. gazense, 5–5.5 mm. long, 3.5–4 mm. wide, glabrous (except for scales) to tomentose, lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17066 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Sepals broadly triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17067 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Petals transversely elliptic to obovate or subcircular, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide, somewhat emarginate, with a claw up to 1 mm. long, glabrous (very rarely with a few hairs at the apex). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17068 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Cyathia ± 2 × 3 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; lobes subquadrate, 0.5 mm. long, deeply 3–4-toothed; glands 5, with 4 transversely elliptic, ± 0.75 × 1 mm., plus 1 divided into subcircular halves 0.5 mm. in diameter, brownish yellow, all quite separate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42604 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Male flowers: bracteoles very few, linear; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42605 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Female flowers: styles 1 mm. long, joined at the base, spreading, apices distinctly bifid, thickened. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42606 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Capsule 3-lobed, exserted on a pedicel to 5 mm. long, ± 2.5 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42607 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Seeds ovoid, 1.5 × 1.2 mm., brown, tuberculate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42608 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000961101 morphology D4E354E4-30F2-4934-805E-D20A2281FCEF Fig. 99. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42609 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345861-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Glabrous tree to 22 m. high, with a stout trunk to 60 cm. in diameter branching at ± 1.5–2 m. high and with a rough grey bark; branches spreading, loosely rebranching to form a large rounded crown; terminal branchlets obtusely 5-angled becoming cylindrical, 2–3 cm. thick; angles with spine-pairs ± 1 cm. apart. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42610 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Spine-shields very obtusely triangular, to 8 × 9 mm. on mature branches but not quite joined below the large semi-circular leaf-scar (± 6 × 7 mm.) on young growth, eventually ± surrounding the flowering eye immediately above; spines stout, conical, to 3 mm. long; prickles vestigial. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42611 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Leaves persistent at the branch apices, obovate, to 28 × 10 cm., tapering to a petiole to 2.5 cm. long, apex rounded or sometimes slightly emarginate, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42612 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Cymes (1–)3 in a horizontal line, 1–2-forked, with peduncles to 4.5 cm. long and cyme-branches to 2.5 cm. long; bracts broadly deltoid, ± 3 × 7 mm., apex minutely denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42613 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Cyathia sessile, ± 4 × 12 mm., with widely funnel-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 2.7 × 6 mm., contiguous, brownish yellow; lobes transversely elliptic, ± 2 × 4 mm., very minutely denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42614 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, apices deeply dentate; stamens many, well exserted, 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42615 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Female flower: styles stout, 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, with stigmas spreading, thickened, rugose, distinctly bifid. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42616 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Fruit subsessile, obovoid, to 5 × 3.5 cm., green becoming yellow; endocarp subglobose, ± 13 × 11 mm., with 1–2 locules often arbortive. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42617 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Seeds ovoid, 7 × 4.5 mm., with a dorsal and ventral ridge and acute apex, greyish brown, smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42618 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000948013 morphology 0C2B4A00-ADC1-484C-9442-715511C68B2B Fig. 100. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42619 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345251-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Much branched shrub to ± 4.5 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42620 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Leaves oblanceolate, to ± 16 × 5 cm., base tapering to a petiole to 1 cm. long, apex rounded, lamina sparsely pilose on and near the entire margins when young, becoming ± glabrous at maturity, ± variegated with darker green along the veins, with the midrib acutely prominent and sparsely pilose beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42621 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Inflorescence lax in pseudumbels of 3–4 cymes on peduncles 1–4.5 cm. long; cymes 3–4-forked, with branches 0.5–1.5 cm. long, shortly pubescent; bracts subquadrate, ± 3.5 × 3.5 mm., with 2–3 small teeth at the apex, pubescent, reddish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42622 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, ± densely pubescent; glandular rim 1.25 mm. wide, dull red; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm., glabrous above, pubescent beneath, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42623 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Male flowers: bracteoles densely plumose; stamens 3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42624 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Female flower: pedicel and ovary pubescent; perianth 3-lobed, the lobes usually extended into linear filaments to 2 mm. long, often with divided tips, glabrous or sparsely puberulous below; styles ± 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, with distinctly bifid thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42625 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317964 morphology D0D98F29-758D-4353-8CC8-859323FB7B94 Capsular pedicel ± 3mm. long, recurved; capsule and seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42626 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356704-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Bush or shrubby tree to 10 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42627 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Leaves sessile, obovate, to ± 15 × 6 cm., base tapering, apex obtuse, margin entire or ± crimped towards the apex and occasionally forming a few minute teeth, midrib prominent below, rounded and often ± acute towards the apex, lamina very sparsely pilose with long hairs (to 1 mm. long) towards the base, more densely so and extending upwards on young leaves, uniform green or sometimes tinged red beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42628 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Inflorescence lax in pseudumbels of 2–5 cymes on pubescent peduncles to 5 cm. long; cymes 2–6-forked (occasionally trichotomously), with pubescent branches 1–3 cm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 4 × 4 mm., entire or occasionally with a few teeth, pubescent, reddish green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42629 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Cyathia ± 3 × 6.5 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, pubescent towards the base, dull crimson; glandular rim ± 1 mm. wide, deeply furrowed, crimson; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.8 × 2 mm., margin and base minutely puberulous, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42630 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Male flowers: bracteoles linear, laciniate, densely plumose, with red tips; stamens 3.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42631 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Female flower: ovary densely pubescent; styles ± 2 mm. long, joined to ± halfway with distinctly bifid ± thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42632 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Capsule exserted on a pubescent pedicel 3–5(–9) mm. long, ± 7 × 8 mm., pubescent, red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42633 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Seeds ovoid, slighdy compressed laterally, 2.5 × 2 mm., pale brownish grey, shallowly and minutely tuberculate; caruncle rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42634 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317968 morphology DE74DFBD-AD87-4B10-8F87-02F280432557 Fig. 101/1, 2, p. 536. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42635 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356707-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Much-branched bush or shrubby tree to 7 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42644 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Leaves sessile, obovate, to ± 18 × 9 cm., apex abrupdy acute and recurved, margin minutely toothed, midrib acutely prominent to ± keeled beneath, glabrous, glossy green, often flecked or tinged purplish, sometimes entirely dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42645 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Inflorescences congested at the branch apices, in pseudumbels of up to 6 cymes on pubescent peduncles 2–4 cm. long; cymes 2–3-forked, with usually densely pubescent branches 5–20 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 3 × 3.5mm., pubescent, often densely so, obscurely dentate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42646 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 7 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, densely pubescent below, often reddish; glandular rim ± 1 mm. wide, entire or often ± lobed by one or more deep notches, shallowly and minutely grooved, red; lobes subquadrate ± 1.5 × 2 mm., pubescent, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42647 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, laciniate, plumose, reddish; stamens 3.8 mm. long, with pedicels rarely minutely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42648 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Female flower: styles ± 1.8 mm. long, joined to ± halfway, puberulous, with thickened distinctly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42649 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Capsule exserted on a pubescent pedicel to 4 mm. long, broader above the middle, ± 7.5 × 7.5 mm., pubescent, becoming dark red. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42650 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317959 morphology 40AA3FDB-C736-4106-A02B-AF9E59A5EB31 Seeds ovoid and obtusely 4-angled, 2.8 × 2.5 mm., pale grey, minutely, densely and shallowly tuberculate; caruncle rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42651 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356702-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Many-branched bush or shrubby tree to 9 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42652 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Leaves sessile (rarely petiolate, see note on variation below) obovate, to ± 17 × 7 cm., apex rounded to obtuse with a recurved tip, margin minutely toothed, midrib prominent and ± keeled beneath, both surfaces of the lamina ± densely pubescent especially when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42653 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Inflorescence in pseudumbels of 3–5 cymes on pubescent peduncles to 5 cm. long; cymes 1–2-forked, with densely pubescent branches to 2.5 cm. long; bracts rounded to subquadrate, ± 3.5 × 3.5 mm., entire or with a few teeth, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42654 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 8 mm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, pubescent below; glandular rim ± 1.3 mm. wide, distinctly grooved with a very narrow smooth margin, yellow to greenish red; lobes subquadrate, ± 2 × 2.5 mm., sparsely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42655 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, laciniate, plumose; stamens 3.7 mm. long, with pedicels rarely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42656 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Female flower: styles 1.5 mm. long, joined at the base, pubescent, with distinctly bifid thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42657 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Capsule subsessile, widest above the middle, to 10 × 10 mm., densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42658 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317971 morphology 7B2F7DB9-77E1-453E-8993-CA480698BA74 Seeds subglobose, obscurely 4-angled, 2.5 × 2.5 mm., brown, minutely tuberculate; caruncle rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42659 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356709-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Sparsely branching shrub to 5 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42660 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Leaves obovate, to ± 19 × 10 cm., base tapering to a winged petiole ± 1 cm. long, apex obtuse or usually rounded, margin entire or ± crimped towards the apex and sometimes forming minute teeth, midrib acutely prominent to keeled beneath, lamina glabrous or rarely the margin and midrib with a few long hairs towards the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42661 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Inflorescence lax in pseudumbels of 2–5 cymes, sometimes also with 1 or 2 cymes produced below, on sparsely pubescent peduncles to 4 cm. long; cymes 2–3-forked, with pubescent branches to 2 cm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 3.5 × 3 mm., entire or with a few obscure teeth, pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42662 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Cyathia ± 2.5 × 6 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, densely pubescent below; glandular rim ± 1.2 mm. wide, deeply furrowed and wrinkled, occasionally with 1 or 2 deep notches, greenish yellow; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.8 mm., ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42663 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Male flowers; bracteoles fan-shaped, laciniate, plumose; stamens 3.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42664 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Female flower: perianth obtusely 3-lobed, rarely with the lobes elongated into narrow filaments to ± 0.3 mm. long; styles 2 mm. long, pubescent below, joined to halfway, with deeply bifid, scarcely thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42665 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Capsule exserted on a recurved pubescent pedicel to 6 mm. long, ± 7 × 7 mm., pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42666 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317972 morphology A552CBD8-ACF1-4865-8FF9-8058CE51EE40 Seeds ovoid, very obtusely 4-angled, 2.5 × 2.2 mm., buff, shallowly tuberculate; caruncle minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42667 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356710-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Bush or shrubby tree to 9 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42668 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Leaves oblanceolate to obovate, to ± 18 × 9 cm., base tapering to a winged petiole ± 1 cm. long, apex rounded or usually obtuse, margin entire or minutely toothed towards the apex, midrib distinctly keeled beneath, lamina glabrous or sometimes with a few long hairs at the base and on the midrib beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42669 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Inflorescence in pseudumbels of 3–5 cymes on sparsely pubescent peduncles to 3 cm. long; cymes 1–3-forked, with pubescent branches to 2 cm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 3.5 × 3.5 mm., entire, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42670 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Cyathia ± 2.5 × 6 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres, pubescent below; glandular rim, ± 1.5 mm. wide, deeply furrowed, occasionally with 1 or 2 deep notches, yellow; lobes subquadrate, ± 2 × 2 mm., pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42671 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Male flowers: bracteoles laciniate, plumose; stamens 3.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42672 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Female flower: perianth distinctly 3-lobed, with lobes rounded ± 1 mm. long; styles 2 mm. long, pubescent below, joined to halfway, with distinctly bifid ± thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42673 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Capsule exserted on a reflexed pubescent pedicel to 6 mm. long, ± 8 × 8 mm., pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42674 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Seeds ovoid, 2.8 × 2.2 mm., greyish brown, minutely tuberculate; caruncle rudimentary. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42675 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317967 morphology B2494261-4138-4DE0-AA06-4350241723AC Fig. 101/8, 9, p. 536. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42676 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:356706-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Tree to 8 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42677 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Leaves sessile, obovate, to 20 × 7 cm., base tapering, apex obtuse, margin entire or minutely toothed towards the apex, midrib keeled beneath, glabrous or pubescent on the margin and midrib beneath when young. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42678 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Inflorescence lax, in pseudumbels of 2–5 cymes on glabrous peduncles to 5.5 cm. long; cymes 2–3-forked, with pubescent branches to 1.5 cm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 2.5 × 3 mm., dentate, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42679 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Cyathia ± 2 × 6 cm., with broadly funnel-shaped involucres, densely pubescent below; glandular rim ± 1.5 mm. wide, deeply furrowed; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm., pubescent below and on the margins. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42680 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Male flowers: bracteoles ± 2.5 mm. long, laciniate, plumose; stamens 3.3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42681 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Female flower: perianth obvious, 3-lobed, pubescent, with lobes elongating to 3–4 mm. long in fruit, often divided at the apex; styles 1.75 mm. long, pubescent below, joined to halfway with deeply bifid, scarcely thickened apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42682 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Capsule exserted on a pubescent reflexed pedicel to 6 mm. long, ± 8 × 9 mm., pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42683 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317956 morphology DE7CBD4F-ACE4-4FAB-981B-665BF1501288 Seeds ovoid, 3.3 × 2.5 mm., buff, shallowly and sparsely tuberculate; caruncle minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42684 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932421-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Shrub to ± 1.5 m. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42685 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Leaves linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, to ± 15 × 5 cm., base tapering to a petiole to 1 cm. long, apex obtuse, margin entire, midrib acutely prominent beneath, lamina glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42686 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Inflorescence in pseudumbels of 3–5 cymes on glabrous peduncles to 4 cm. long; cymes 2-forked, with branches glabrous or rarely the uppermost shortly pubescent, 5–15 mm. long; bracts subquadrate, ± 3 × 3 mm., dentate, glabrous or the margin sometimes sparsely and minutely pilose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42687 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Cyathia ± 2 × 4 mm., with shallowly cup-shaped involucres glabrous or shortly puberulous at the base; glandular rim ± 0.8 mm. wide, yellow, darkening (? reddening) with age; lobes rounded, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm., glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42688 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Male flowers: bracteoles fan-shaped, laciniate, ± plumose; stamens 2.8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42689 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Female flower: ovary and styles not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42690 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Capsule subsessile on a pubescent pedicel to 1 mm. long, ± 4.3 × 4.5 mm., minutely pubescent, reddish. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42691 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000317966 morphology ADB8CD44-FD82-4F44-9048-41416F1BAF6F Seeds ovoid, obtusely 4-angled, 2.5 × 2 mm., pale brownish grey, minutely tuberculate; caruncle sessile 0.3 mm. in diameter, yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42692 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:932420-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Glabrous perennial herb, with a napoid tuberous root to 6 cm. in diameter, producing 1–2 subterranean woody stems to 6 cm. long; annual stems 1–4, rarely branching, 2–15(–20) cm. high, longitudinally ridged, often minutely papillose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42693 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Leaves sessile, linear, to 9 × 0.5 cm., or lanceolate, to 6 × 1.5 cm., rarely obovate, to 4 × 2 cm., margin entire, midrib ± prominent beneath; stipules glandular, minute, evident on young growth only. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42694 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Cymes on peduncles to 5(–8) cm. long, 1-forked with cyme-branches to 1 cm. long, or with solitary cyathia; bracts shorter than the involucre, free, oblong, ± 3 × 2 mm., margin denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42695 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Cyathia ± 5 × 3 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glandular rim 1.5–2 mm. high, entire to crenulate, white or pink; lobes rounded, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42696 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous; stamens 3.2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42697 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, with thickened rugulose bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42698 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 6–12 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 5 × 5.5 mm., smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42699 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Seeds conical with truncate base, obscurely 4-angled, ± 2.8 × 2.3 mm., greenish brown becoming purple, minutely and densely tuberculate; caruncle absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42700 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245211 morphology 0FFDF135-3DC4-485A-9745-E48BB2A27C7A Fig. 102/1–3, p. 543. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42701 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933026-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Hysteranthous geophyte, with a fleshy tuberous root to ± 5 cm. in diameter producing 1–4 subterranean stems 2–4 cm. long; annual stems 2–6 cm. high; flowering stems 1–4, fleshy, minutely papillose or often smooth, with numerous scale-like oblong leaves to ± 10 × 5 mm., crowded at the base, sometimes developing normally at the stem apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42702 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Leaves in rosettes at the apices of the stems, sessile, obovate, to ± 6 × 2.5 cm., apex obtuse to rounded, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath, lamina glabrous, often tinted reddish on the lower surface; stipules apparently absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42703 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Cymes on peduncles 0.5–2.5(–3.5) cm. long, 1–2-forked or cyathia solitary, crowded at the stem apices; bracts ± equal to or slightly exceeding the involucre, free, oblong, 2–4 × 2 mm., apex denticulate, pale green or pink tinged. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42704 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Cyathia ± 3 × 2.5 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glandular rim ± 1.2 mm. high, undulate to ± crenulate, white or pink; lobes subquadrate, ± 0.5 × 0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42705 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42706 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, with spreading thickened bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42707 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 3–4 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.5 × 4 mm., with 2 minute fleshy crenulate ridges along each angle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42708 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245208 morphology D34FB4A6-F5F4-4EBE-8DAB-CFDA992759DA Seeds ovoid with truncate base, obscurely 4-angled, 2 × 1 mm., pale greenish brown, areolate; caruncle absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42709 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352404-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Geophytic perennial herb with a napoid tuberous root to 7 cm. in diameter producing 1–3 subterranean stems 1–3 cm. long; annual stems 2–6 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42710 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Leaves in rosettes at the apices of the stems, obovate, to ± 9 × 4.5 cm., apex rounded, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath, lamina glabrous, often flecked with red; petioles to 1 cm. long; stipules apparently absent; a few scale-like leaves also present, crowded at the stem base, ovate, to ± 4 × 2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42711 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Cymes with solitary cyathia on minutely papillose peduncles to 6 cm. long, occasionally hysteranthous; bracts shorter than the involucre, free, subquadrate, ± 2.5 × 2.5 mm., margin denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42712 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Cyathia ± 4.5 × 3 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glandular rim ± 1.5 mm. high, undulate to ± crenulate, pink or red; lobes rounded, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42713 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous; stamens 2 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42714 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, with thickened deeply bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42715 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 5–7 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 4 × 4.5 mm., smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42716 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245206 morphology C7654E34-B65C-4F18-9DC3-322F07C4F0CF Seeds ovoid with truncate base, obscurely 4-angled, 2.3 × 1.3 mm., greenish brown, minutely and densely tuberculate; caruncle absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42717 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352402-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Glabrous perennial herb, with tuberous cylindrical or subspherical roots to 2 cm. in diameter, produced in chains; annual stems 1–2, to 20 cm. high, produced from ± 4 cm. below ground, purplish at ground-level, white below. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42718 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Leaves subsessile, lanceolate, to 5 × 1.5 cm., apex acute, margin minutely toothed; stipules glandular, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42719 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Cymes of solitary cyathia on peduncles to 12 mm. long, usually much less; bracts shorter than the involucre, free, oblong, ± 2.3 × 1.8 mm., margin denticulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42720 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Cyathia ± 3.5 × 3 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glandular rim entire, 1.5 mm. high, pink; lobes rounded, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42721 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous, plumose; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42722 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, with thickened rugulose distinctly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42723 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel 4–5 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 3.3 × 4.2 mm., smooth. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42724 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245142 morphology 536425D7-303C-4269-B140-58D0CC74F61D Seeds ovoid with truncate base, 2.3 × 1.8 mm., minutely and closely tuberculate; caruncle absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42725 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:933027-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Glabrous perennial herb, with an elongated tuberous root producing a woody subterranean stem to 2 cm. long; annual stems 1–3, to 5 cm. high, with up to 4 branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42726 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Leaves sessile, linear, to 15 × 3 mm., margin entire; stipules apparently absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42727 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Cymes of solitary cyathia on peduncles to 15 mm. long; bracts much longer than the involucre, free, lanceolate, ± 6.5 × 3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42728 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Cyathia ± 4 × 3 mm., with barrel-shaped involucres; glandular rim ± 1.5 mm. high, white; lobes rounded, ± 1 × 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42729 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous, plumose; stamens 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42730 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Female flower: styles 1 mm. long, slender with slightly thickened bifid apices; ovary 3-lobed, slightly elongated, with 2 minute fleshy crested ridges along each angle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42731 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Capsule exserted on a reflexed pedicel to 1 cm. long, not seen entire but probably ± 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42732 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245173 morphology B9503776-F747-41DD-8F02-78995DDFAA1F Seeds not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42733 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352387-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Glabrous perennial herb, with a cylindrical tuberous root to 10 × 1.5 cm. producing a woody subterranean stem to 6 cm. long; annual stems to 7 cm. high. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42734 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Leaves subsessile, obovate (in Tanzania) to 7.5 × 6 cm. (or oblanceolate to 11 × 2 cm. in Zambia), apex rounded, margin entire or crisped, midrib ± keeled beneath, lamina often tinged red on the undersurface; stipules glandular, minute. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42735 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Cymes on peduncles to 2.5 cm. long, 1-forked with cyme-branches to 1.5 cm. long, or cyathia solitary, peduncles and cyme-branches with longitudinal winged ridges; bract-cup ± equal to the involucre, ± 6 × 10 mm., notched to ± halfway between acute apices and keeled midribs, green with darker veining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42736 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Cyathia ± 5 × 4 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glandular rim ± 2 mm. high, entire, pink; lobes rounded, ± 1.3 × 1.3 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42737 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Male flowers: bracteoles few, filamentous; stamens 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42738 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Female flower: perianth an obvious ± lobed rim ± 0.5 mm. wide; styles 2 mm. long, joined to halfway with thickened rugulose distinctly bifid apices. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42739 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Capsule exserted on a pedicel to 6 mm. long, obtusely 3-lobed, ± 5 × 6 mm., with a fleshy ridge along each angle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42740 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-0000245213 morphology EDD400F8-D24D-4A19-A6D8-81FB3B142DD4 Seeds subglobose, 2.8 × 2.5 mm., black with shallow yellowish tubercles; caruncle sessile, 1 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:42741 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352407-1 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, rarely lianes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, exstipulate, entire or almost so urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Inflorescence a dense head, loose or spike-like thyrse, spike, raceme or panicle, basically cymose, bracteate; bracts hyaline to white or coloured, subtending 1 or more flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual (plants dioecious or monoecious), mostly actinomorphic, usually bibracteolate, frequently in ultimate 3-flowered cymules; lateral flowers of such cymules sometimes modified into scales, spines, bristles, hairs or hooks urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1939 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Perianth uniseriate, membranous to firm and finally ± indurate, usually falling with the ripe fruit included, tepals free or somewhat fused below, frequently ± pilose or lanate, green to white or variously coloured urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1940 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Stamens as many as and opposite to the petals, rarely fewer; filaments free or commonly fused into a cup at the base, sometimes almost completely fused and 5-toothed at the apex with entire or deeply lobed teeth, some occasionally without anthers, sometimes alternating with variously shaped pseudostaminodes (see note below); anthers 1–2-locular urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1941 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Ovary superior, 1-locular; ovules 1-many, erect to pendulous, placentation basal; style very short to long and slender; stigmas capitate to long and filiform urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1942 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Fruit an irregularly rupturing or circumscissile capsule, rarely a berry or crustaceous, usually with thin membranous walls urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1943 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000017 morphology E4C3F943-E6AE-4959-A01A-8C1C05328084 Seeds round to lenticular or ovoid; embryo curved or circular, surrounding the ± copious endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1944 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000566-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Predominantly climbing herbs or lianes, but sometimes erect or trailing herbs, shrubs or small trees, occasionally distinctly succulent; tendrils often present, leaf-opposed or arising from the peduncle urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Leaves alternate, simple or digitately compound, rarely pedate, entire or toothed, stipulate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Flowers regular, usually hermaphrodite, mostly in much-branched cymes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Calyx entire or 4–6-lobed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Petals 4–6, free or cohering at apex, valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Stamens 4–6, opposite the petals; filaments free; anthers 2-thecous, medifixed with longitudinal dehiscence urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Disk intrastaminal, annular or of separate glands urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Ovary superior, 2-locular, each locule with 2 erect ovules; style short or slender; stigma subulate to capitate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Fruit a 1–4-seeded berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000639 morphology B08A77E2-0842-4152-96FA-40A102BD79F6 Seeds ovoid, often pointed at one end; endosperm copious, sometimes ruminate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000067-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Trees, shrubs, at times sarmentose, or suffrutices, occasionally thorny, producing resins, gums or latex urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Leaves alternate, opposite or verticillate, exstipulate, simple, pinnate or palmately (1–)3(–5)-foliolate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Inflorescence of axillary or terminal panicles or spike-like racemes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Flowers dioecious, monoecious or polygamous, small, 3–5-merous, actinomorphic or rarely zygomorphic, rarely lacking tepals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Sepals united or sometimes free, imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Petals usually free, rarely united and adnate to the disk, imbricate or valvate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Stamens inserted round the disk or sometimes on the disk, as many as or twice as many as the petals or numerous; anthers dorsifixed or basifixed, usually all fertile in ? urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Disk annular, cup-shaped or stipitiform, entire, crenulate or lobed, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Ovary, sometimes present and vestigial in ?, (1–)3–5(–many)-carpous, 1–6(–many)-locular; loculi 1-ovulate; ovule anatropous; styles free or ± connate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Fruit drupaceous or dry with ± resinous or oleaginous mesocarp and bony or coriaceous endocarp, usually with a 1–plurilocular 1–5-seeded stone urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000022 morphology 3488BA66-B737-472B-B2FF-07F4158747FA Seeds erect, horizontal or pendulous with membranous or coriaceous testa; endosperm absent or rarely present and very thin urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30002342-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Annual or perennial herbs, shrubs or small trees urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Leaves spirally arranged, rarely opposite or verticillate, simple, entire or toothed, rarely dissected; stipules present, small or foliaceous, the margin often ciliate or laciniate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Flowers actinomorphic or zygomorphic, solitary or in a simple or compound inflorescence, often thyrsoid, terminal or axillary, usually hermaphrodite, sometimes unisexual on separate plants urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Sepals 5, free or united near the base, usually persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Petals 5, free, equal or unequal, the anterior one (lowermost in flower) sometimes spurred, imbricate, generally deciduous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Stamens 5, antisepalous, the lower pair (anterior) in zygomorphic flowers each with an appendage which projects into the spur and which secretes nectar; filaments free or united wholly or partly into a ring around the ovary; anthers introrse, usually with a prominent connective appendage, sometimes with thecal appendages also urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Ovary sessile, ± ovoid, 1-locular, with (2–)3, 4 or 5 parietal placentas; style solitary, often thickened towards the stigma, which is generally undivided urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Fruit a loculicidal capsule, generally splitting into 3 wide-spreading contractile valves, rarely a nut or berry urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000637 morphology C0098557-1783-4048-B59D-5452757D9DC7 Seeds generally with ample endosperm, occasionally arillate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000541-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Trees to shrublets, and climbers, armed or unarmed; stems woody, very short (hence acaulescent) to immensely tall, sometimes climbing, solitary or clustered, smooth or covered with leaf-base remains or leaf-sheaths, usually prominently ringed with leaf-scars, occasionally ventricose, usually unbranched except at the base, very rarely branching aerially in a sympodial manner or by equal forking (dichotomy) or anomalously urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Leaves usually with a well-defined sheathing base (in some species forming a columnar pseudostem above the trunk - crownshaft); petiole sometimes very short or absent, variously armed or unarmed; lamina pinnate, bipinnate, palmate, costapalmate or simple plicate; in some climbing palms the rachis elongated into a barbed whip (cirrus), sometimes also armed with reflexed spine-like leaflets (acanthophylls); leaflets either induplicate or reduplicate, very rarely mixed, compound (composed of more than one fold) or simple (composed of single folds); in most palmate and costapalmate leaves a ligule-like structure (hastula) present adaxially at the base of the lamina, sometimes also present abaxially; leaflet margins entire or erose (praemorse), armed or unarmed urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Plants hermaphrodite, polygamous, monoecious or dioecious, hapaxanthic or pleonanthic urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Inflorescences axillary, usually single, occasionally grouped, interfoliar, infrafoliar or aggregated in a terminal mass, but here inflorescence units still axillary in axils of reduced leaves or bracts, very rarely (some Calamus spp.) some inflorescences also sterile and modified as barbed climbing organs (flagella), adnate to the internode and sheath of the leaf above; inflorescence often extremely complex with branching up to 5 orders, occasionally spicate, usually built up of a basic pattern consisting of an axis bearing a prophyll and bracts, the prophyll and 0–several of the bracts usually empty, the others each subtending a branch, in turn bearing a prophyll and bracts subtending a further order of branches and so on; ultimate branches (rachillae) bearing bracts subtending flowers, singly or in pairs, triads, or small groups, the whole flower group representing a condensed branching system (cincinnus) urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Flowers hermaphrodite, male, female or sterile male (accolyte flowers of pistillate inflorescences in >i>Calamus); calyx and corolla sometimes very similar, sometimes highly differentiated, with fused or free segments, usually rather small, variously coloured (green, cream, white, yellow, rose, violet), usually but not always in whorls of 3; stamens free or united, 3–many, usually in whorls of 3, 6 or 9; anthers basi- or dorsifixed, straight or twisted; staminodes often present in pistillate flowers; gynoecium apocarpous with 1–3 (or rarely more) carpels, or syncarpous with 3 or rarely more locules, or pseudomonomerous with 1 fertile and 2 abortive locules; stigmas erect or recurved; ovule 1 only in each carpel or locule, anatropous, hemianatropous, campylotropous or orthotropous, attached basally, laterally or apically; pistillode often present in staminate flowers urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Fruit usually 1-seeded, more rarely 2–10-seeded, ranging from minute to extremely large; stigmatic remains borne basally, laterally or apically; epicarp dull or brightly coloured, smooth, hairy, spiny, corky-warted or covered in reflexed imbricate scales; mesocarp fleshy, fibrous or dry, often fragrant, sometimes with copious irritant needle-crystals; endocarp well developed to absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Seed either closely adhering to the endocarp or free, sometimes with a well-developed sarcotesta; endosperm ruminate or homogeneous; embryo basal, lateral or apical urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000046 morphology DC8DD244-B5ED-4D29-B605-69973BCA776C Germination remote-tubular, remote-ligular or adjacent-ligular; seedling leaves simple or compound urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000211-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Trees, shrubs, shrublets or woody climbers, without tendrils, glabrous or with simple hairs, unarmed or with axillary shoots terminating in a spine, sometimes with rubber-like latex (gutta) in various parts appearing as elastic threads when a leaf is broken urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Leaves simple, alternate or spiral to subopposite or opposite, sometimes fasciculate on short shoots, entire or with crenate or denticulate to spinose margins, penninerved; stipules small, simple or laciniate, sometimes united by a transverse ridge, usually deciduous, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Flowers bisexual, polygamous or unisexual, monoecious or dioecious, actinomorphic, often fragrant, in axillary and/or terminal dichasial or monochasial cymes or panicles or thyrses, sometimes with accessory branches (additional to the normal one in the bract axil), or fasciculate or solitary, usually bracteate; pedicels often articulated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Sepals (3–)4–5(–6), imbricate or rarely valvate in bud, free or united at the base, persistent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Petals (3–)4–5(–6), free or rarely united at the base, imbricate or rarely valvate in bud, usually persistent, sometimes with ventral grooves or hollows or appendages urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Stamens (2–)3–5(–10), antisepalous, free or more rarely with filaments partly united to form a tube, inserted outside or on or inside the disc (when present); anthers usually short, (1–)2-thecous, extrorse or introrse, basifixed or dorsifixed or versatile, sometimes deciduous, dehiscing by longitudinal or oblique or horizontal slits; pollen simple or more rarely in tetrads or polyads urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Disc nectariferous, annular, entire or angular or crenulate or lobed or covered with fleshy processes, concave to convex, rarely wholly or partly incorporated in an androgynophore or formed of discontinuous pockets, fleshy or membranous, very rarely absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Ovary free or partly or wholly immersed in the disc, sessile or on a short androgynophore, syncarpous, completely or very rarely incompletely 2–5-locular, or rarely 1-locular by abortion, with 1–many erect or rarely pendulous ovules in 2 rows or rarely superimposed in each locule; styles as many as the locules, free or ± united, or absent; stigmas various, free or ± united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:1999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Fruit capsular, loculicidal, or of divergent ± dorsally flattened dehiscent mericarps or baccate or drupaceous or dry, indehiscent and sometimes winged urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000121 morphology E48D18EE-8385-49C6-AAA8-CEE647AB4458 Seeds with a fleshy or submembranous brightly coloured aril, or winged with the funicle free from the wing or united to its base, or neither arillate nor winged (usually in indehiscent fruits), with or without endosperm; embryo erect, with cotyledons flat or fleshy, rarely united urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000478-2 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Trees or shrubs, rarely subscandent, usually secreting resin or oil but without pellucid gland-dots in the leaves; the outer bark often peeling off in flakes, scrolls, strips or sheets, usually translucent, transmitting light to the green or bluish green under-bark urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Leaves spirally arranged, usually without stipules, imparipinnate, 1–3-foliolate or occasionally simple, rarely bipinnate in America urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Flowers rather small, regular, bisexual or imperfectly unisexual and dioecious, in panicles, corymbs, racemes, cymes or fascicles, or solitary urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Receptacle saucer-shaped or cupular; calyx, ± divided into 3–5(–6) usually valvate lobes urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Petals (0–)3–5(–6), valvate or imbricate, almost always free urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Stamens placed outside or on the margin of a disc, (3–5)–6, 8 or 10(–12), usually twice as many as the petals and in 2 whorls urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Ovary superior, 2–5(6–8)-locular, with 2 ovules pendent from the apex of each locule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000092 morphology F0CD38E7-EE35-4594-B809-C3251920C835 Fruit a 1–5-seeded drupe or pseudocapsule urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126617-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Dioecious trees or shrubs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Leaves alternate, distichous, simple, entire, crenate or serrate, penninerved, stipulate, borne horizontally on shoots which subtend ‘axillary buds’ and thus resemble pinnate leaves; stipules usually persistent, the adaxial one arising below the abaxial urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Flowers small, regular, unisexual, in axillary or supraaxillary fascicles, abbreviated racemes or cymes, or in terminal or cauliflorous racemiform thyrses urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Calyx cupular, truncate or 5-lobed, the lobes imbricate or open urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Petals 5, contorted, imbricate or valvate, flattened or galeate-cucullate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Disc small, rarely large, or absent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Stamens 5, 10 or 15, uniseriate or biseriate, sometimes unequal; anthers introrse, 2-thecous, opening lengthwise; staminodes sometimes present in ? flowers; pistillode of ? flowers linear-subulate, cylindric or narrowly conical, sometimes pentagonal at base urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Ovary superior, 2–5-locular, with 1 (–2) apical pendulous orthotropous or anatropous ovules per locule, without obturator; styles 1–5, simple or bipartite urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2017 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Fruit a drupe, sometimes flattened, more rarely a capsule; mesocarp fleshy; endocarp woody, bony or stony, thin to thick and massive, usually tubercled, muricate, pitted or ridged, sometimes dehiscent by valves urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2018 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Seeds usually flattened-concave, more rarely ovoid, ecarunculate, with endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2019 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000438 morphology ABCA8512-D640-4420-B6F6-E8AA8CC92A74 Cotyledons broad, sometimes cordate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2020 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126713-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Lianas or scandent shrubs; branches sympodial, provided with a series of circinate woody hooks in one plane urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2034 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Leaves alternate, entire, simple, glabrous, coriaceous, some generally larger scattered on the main shoots, others often smaller crowded in rosettes on flowering shoots, all cuneiform, penninerved, reticulately veined, minutely pitted on both surfaces, each pit with a peltate small hair secreting a wax-like substance; petiole articulated, often leaving a saddle-shaped scar on the twigs urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2035 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Stipules small, very caducous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2036 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Inflorescences axillary or pseudo-terminal, dichotomously branched or spike-like, sometimes provided with hooks; pedicels articulated urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2037 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic, 5-merous, very caducous urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2038 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Calyx-tube short, adnate to the base of the ovary; sepals imbricate, ± unequal, soon accrescent urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2039 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Petals free, contorted or imbricate urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2040 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Stamens mostly 10, rarely 5 or to 15, perigynous, in 1–2 cycles, alternately unequal; filaments short, ± united at the base, with broadened base; anthers basifixed, generally introrse, 2-thecous, opening lengthwise urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2041 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Ovary for the greater part inferior, tricarpellate, 1-locular, protruding into an enlarging nipple-shaped elongation bearing 3 articulated erect free or united styles with 3 stigmas; ovule 1, basal, hemianatropous, with 2 integuments urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2042 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Fruit a non-dehiscent dry nut, 1-seeded, crowned by the generally unequal and wing-like enlarged sepals urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2043 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-7000000025 morphology FD7A85B8-5204-4668-B825-D798E7CA60D1 Seeds with a thin testa intruding between the cerebral-like folds of the endosperm urn:kew.org:ftea:fam:desc:2044 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77126601-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Calyx-tube hemispherical or campanulate, 2–3 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67855 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Fruits hemispherical to subglobular, 5–8 mm long, 5–9 mm wide with broad ascending disc and 3–4 exserted valves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67856 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000956115 morphology 20FE778E-220B-49F2-8C86-A770645EC218 Fig. 10/41, p. 49. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67857 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1 wfo-0000284404 morphology 10CAD7FE-5143-4F96-B762-7EE9A8E0EB6C A tree 6–12 m tall with quadrangular branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67858 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211742-2 wfo-0000284404 morphology 10CAD7FE-5143-4F96-B762-7EE9A8E0EB6C Leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 3.8–12 cm long, 2.5–5 cm wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous (or puberulous?) beneath; flowers white, 2.5 cm wide, solitary on slender peduncles; fruit sulphur yellow, round or ellipsoid, 3–6 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67859 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211742-2 wfo-0000284428 morphology D4F2626C-5F1C-4C2E-920A-8F5BE21A8286 Shrub or tree 1–7 m tall, very similar to the common guava but with leaves 3.5–14 cm long, 2.5–8 cm wide with fewer lateral nerves; fruit round or pear-shaped, 1–2.5 cm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67860 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:211886-2 wfo-0000284515 morphology 535C1D46-57E4-4DDA-B274-FB28A9F9C47C Tree 9–15(–30) m tall with elliptic, oblong-elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate leaves, 3–9.5 cm long, 1–3.5(–4) cm wide, obtuse to acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base; flowers solitary but can appear to be in false racemes due to falling or non-development of leaves, smelling of bitter almonds; fruits green, subglobose, ± 2 cm in diameter, very fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67861 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600923-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Small tree to 12 m tall; bark pale brown or copper-coloured, thin, smooth, flaking off to reveal greenish layer beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67862 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Leaves elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 7–15 cm long, 3–5(–7) cm wide, rounded or acute at the apex, rounded at the base, densely pubescent beneath; lateral nerves 12–20 pairs, parallel, prominent beneath. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67863 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Flowers axillary, solitary or in small clusters; calyx completely enclosing the young bud; lobes 9 mm long, 5 mm wide, reflexed in open flower, whitish tomentellous inside. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67864 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Petals white, oblong-elliptic, 1.3 cm long, 8 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67865 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Stamens ± 250, ± 1 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67866 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Style ± 1 cm long, slightly capitate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67867 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000284421 morphology F76BF822-1E92-4787-B5FD-4477EDF972C5 Fruit light yellow with a pink or crimson blush, globose, ovoid or pyriform, 5–10 cm long with granular flesh, juicy central white or red pulp and numerous very hard seeds 3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67868 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600841-1 wfo-0000956594 morphology DD6F3465-3761-4167-A663-23C59898385D A slender ornamental tree 7.5–15 m tall with reddish young shoots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67877 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593822-1 wfo-0000956594 morphology DD6F3465-3761-4167-A663-23C59898385D Leaves ovate or oblong-obovate, 6.3–16 cm long, 2.5–6.3 cm wide, obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, coriaceous; petiole 1 cm long; flowers solitary; pedicels 2.5–5 cm long with 2 basal narrowly elliptic densely glandular-pustulate bracts 1.3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67878 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593822-1 wfo-0000956594 morphology DD6F3465-3761-4167-A663-23C59898385D Calyx-lobes green. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67879 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593822-1 wfo-0000956594 morphology DD6F3465-3761-4167-A663-23C59898385D Petals white, 1.5 cm long; fruit green turning bright red to dark purple or nearly black, oblate, 1.2–2 cm diameter with persistent sepals 1.25 cm long, edible. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67880 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593822-1 wfo-0000959411 morphology DE945465-84D6-4B11-A7AF-3C270A526738 Much-branched shrub or smalltree 3–10 m tall, leaves ovate, 2–6.3 cm long, 1.3–3.3 cm wide, obtuse or obtusely acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, glabrous; petiole 2 mm long; flowers solitary or ± 4 in fascicles; pedicels slender, 1.5–2.5 cm long, glabrous, with oblong brown gland-dotted bracts 7 mm long at base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67887 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596263-1 wfo-0000959411 morphology DE945465-84D6-4B11-A7AF-3C270A526738 Calyx-lobes 4 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67888 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596263-1 wfo-0000959411 morphology DE945465-84D6-4B11-A7AF-3C270A526738 Petals white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67889 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596263-1 wfo-0000959411 morphology DE945465-84D6-4B11-A7AF-3C270A526738 Stamens 50–60. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67890 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596263-1 wfo-0000959411 morphology DE945465-84D6-4B11-A7AF-3C270A526738 Fruit green turning orange, bright red, deep scarlet or dark purplish maroon (almost black), oblate, 1.4–2.5 cm diameter, 7–8-ribbed, juicy and edible with either 1 large or 2–3 smaller seeds. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67891 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:596263-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Shrub or small tree 1.5–9 m tall; branchlets puberulous when young, purplish brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67900 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Leaves usually drying distinctly discolorous, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, (2.5–)3.4–9 cm long, 1.3–5 cm wide, acute, subacuminate or even ± rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, coriaceous, glabrous; petioles 3–4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67901 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Flowers in 2–8-flowered fascicles in axils of leaves or fallen leaves; pedicels 1.8–6.5 mm long, glabrous to puberulous with ± curled very short hairs; bracteoles placed immediately beneath the calyx-tube, ± triangular, 0.6 mm long, puberulous but not hidden by long hairs. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67902 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Calyx-lobes ovate, 3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, rounded, glabrous, with conspicuous gland-dots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67903 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Petals white, flushed pinkish mauve, pink, greenish yellow or green, oblong, obovate or ovate, elliptic, 4–7.5 mm long, 2–5.5(–6.5) mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67904 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Stamens 35–40; filaments 2.5–7.5 mm long, longest in male flowers; anthers 0.5–1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67905 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Style 3–4 mm long, lacking in male flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67906 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956619 morphology 694F5F2F-9618-4B07-97A4-57333E8E4D1C Fruit at first green, then bright yellow becoming red-brown, ellipsoid, 1–1.2 cm long, 7.5–10 mm wide, minutely glandular, rugose but otherwise glabrous when adult but young fruits are usually ± densely puberulous with short adpressed curled hairs; seeds orange-brown, shining. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67907 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593844-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Shrub; branchlets densely ferruginous pubescent at first; older parts leafless, glabrous, with grey-brown slightly fissured bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67908 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Leaves elliptic (or broadly obovate fide Hoffmann), 1–5 cm long, 0.8–2.4 cm wide, slightly acute to rounded at the apex, cuneate to rounded at the base, slightly pubescent when young and persistently so on the midrib beneath; petioles 3–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67909 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Female flowers not seen; male flowers in 1–6-flowered fascicles in axils of leaves or fallen leaves; pedicels 0.6–1.4 cm long with dense spreading white and ferruginous hairs 0.5–0.7 mm long, slightly glandular; bracteoles minute, very densely ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67910 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Calyx-lobes 4, ovate, 3 mm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, ± rounded, pubescent outside, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67911 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Petals white, ovate or elliptic, 6–7 mm long, 4.8–5 mm wide, ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67912 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Stamens ± 60 with filaments ± 3.5(–6) mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67913 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Style absent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67914 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000956413 morphology B1AF8C17-C554-432F-8224-7322F4B31061 Fruit not seen. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67915 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593661-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Small dioecious or ?monoecious tree 1.5–7.5 m tall or shrub to 3 m, with reddish or purplish brown stems; young shoots glabrous, with fissured epidermis red-brown beneath (or in one specimen from Kwiro minutely puberulous); slash brown, paler towards wood. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67920 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Leaves only slightly discolorous, not or slightly coriaceous, elliptic, 2.5–11.5(–13) cm long, 1.5–5.5 cm wide, acute, ± obtuse, rounded or ± acuminate to sharply acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, glabrous, densely black gland-dotted beneath; petiole distinct, 5–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67921 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Flowers sweetly scented, in 2–26-flowered fascicles; pedicels 0.5–1.8 cm long, gland-dotted, glabrous; bracteoles usually linear-lanceolate, 1.5 mm long, slightly pubescent or (in W Usambaras) minute or ± obsolete in some specimens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67922 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Calyx-tube narrow, 1.5–3 mm long; larger lobes elliptic, 2.2–6 mm long, 2.2–4 mm wide; smaller ± ovate, 1.5–3 mm long, 1.5–4 mm wide, all gland-dotted and not or scarcely ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67923 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Petals white, elliptic, oblate or oblong, 3.5–6.5 mm long, 2.5–6 mm wide, reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67924 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Disc densely shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67925 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Male flowers with ± 25–50 stamens with filaments 3–5 mm long; anthers 0.8 mm long. Style rudimentary, 0.5–2 mm long (or ± absent), pilose at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67926 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Female flowers with fewer shorter stamens. Style 4–5 mm long, much exceeding the filaments; stigma punctate or ± bifid-peltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67927 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000959340 morphology 42B64474-AF01-4E02-9190-1EE6AFB1B5F3 Fruit reddish, eventually almost black, ellipsoid or obpyriform, (0.6–)1.8 cm long, 7–13 mm wide, densely pustulate, crowned by persistent sepals; fruiting pedicels 0.8–1.6 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67928 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008117-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Shrub or small tree 1.8–3 m tall with reddish brown slightly flaky bark, probably always dioecious; stems often rather straggling, slender, reddish brown, densely shortly ferruginous-pubescent; internodes short; branchlets spreading. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67929 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Leaves paler beneath, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 0.7–3.3 cm long, 0.5–2.3 cm wide, subacute at apex but tip rounded, rounded at the base, glabrous save for few hairs on midrib beneath, densely gland-dotted beneath; petiole 1.5–2.5 mm long, slightly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67930 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Flowers sweetly scented, female nearly always solitary, males in 1–5-flowered fascicles; peduncle absent; pedicels 0.3–1.2(–1.6) cm long, glabrous to densely pubescent; bracteoles 0.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67931 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Calyx purplish green; tube narrow, 1–2 mm long; lobes 4, ovate or elliptic, 1.5 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, ciliate, densely covered with small raised orange-red opaque glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67932 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Petals 4, white tinged pink or purplish, ± round or elliptic, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, with similar glands to calyx. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67933 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Stamens ± 38 in male flowers; filaments 1.2–2 mm long; anthers 0.6 mm long, the connective with a few glands. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67934 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Style 4.8 mm long in female flowers but reduced to 2 vestiges 0.8 mm long in male flower. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67935 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Disc ± glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67936 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Fruit pink or red, ellipsoid, 9 mm long, 7 mm wide, crowned by disc and calyx-lobe bases. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67937 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958203 morphology C8324B37-62A6-4FE0-AC62-018F3BE70213 Fig. 13. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67938 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008118-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Intricately branched shrublet 2–4(–8) m tall with reddish or brownish glabrous or shortly pubescent stems; bark grey, peeling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67945 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Leaves ovate, broadly elliptic or almost round, (0.9–)2–4.7 cm long, (0.4–)1.4–3.5 cm wide, rounded at the apex, rounded to slightly cordate at the base, glabrous, glandular-punctate, subsessile or petiole 1–1.5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67946 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Fascicles 1–6-flowered; bracteoles 0.5 mm long, glabrous or shortly pubescent; pedicels 0.8–1.4 cm long, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67947 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Sepals oblong, 2 large, 2 mm wide, 2 mm long, and 2 small, 1.5 mm wide, 1 mm long, rounded, glandular-punctate, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67948 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Petals white, 3–4 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67949 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Rim of disc after filaments have fallen shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67950 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Style 3–3.5 mm long; stigma peltate, ± 1 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67951 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000958295 morphology 85F2A338-2F18-43E9-A640-05FB034859B9 Fruits red, globose to ellipsoid, 1 cm long, 8 mm wide, glabrous, very densely glandular-pustulate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67952 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595277-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Dioecious shrub, probably predominantly rheophytic, 1–4 m tall, with glabrous stems; bark chestnut, ± flaky. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67953 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Leaves tending to be held suberect, narrowly oblong-elliptic, 2.5–6.3 cm long, 0.7–1.9 cm wide, subacute but actual apex usually rounded, cuneate at the base, glabrous, gland-dotted; margin thickened and slightly revolute; petiole ± 3 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67954 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Fascicles 1–5-flowered; pedicels ± 4 mm long, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles triangular, 0.5 mm long, ferruginous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67955 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Sepals rounded oblong, 2–2.5 mm long, 1.8–2 mm wide, convex, ciliate, faces glabrous but with very conspicuous gland dots. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67956 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Petals white or pinkish, oblong-elliptic, 3.5–5 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, glabrous except for a few apical ciliae. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67957 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Stamens at least 40, filaments 2–2.5 mm long; anthers 0.8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67958 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Style 3 mm long, absent in male flower; stigma peltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67959 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959256 morphology D0CEF39C-A23C-49E8-951F-39AE05A59BE8 Fruits dark purple, 7–11 mm diameter, very closely glandular-pustulate, crowned by ± erect sepals; seeds solitary, subglobose–comma-shaped, 8 mm long, 7.5 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67960 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008119-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Shrub to 2.4 m; young stems (in part), petioles, underside of midrib, pedicels and particularly calyx-tube all densely short ferruginous-hairy or velvety; bark on twigs grey and fissured. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67961 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Leaves oblong, 3–9.2 cm long, 2–4 cm wide, narrowed to a rounded apex, shallowly cordate at the base, with few hairs on midrib etc. above but soon glabrous, also a few hairs on blade beneath but only persistent on midrib; petioles 2 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67962 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Fascicles 3–11-flowered; bracteoles 0.8 mm long, ciliate, but glabrous outside; pedicels 3–10 mm long, densely spreading pubescent; sepals 2 ± semicircular, 3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, 2 ± circular, 4 mm long, 4 mm wide, all ciliate, concave and reflexed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67963 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Petals pinkish white, elliptic or oblong, 7–8 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, ciliate, reflexed at anthesis. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67964 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Disc densely shortly pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67965 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Stamens at least 50, variable in length in one flower, 2–6.5 mm long; anthers 1 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67966 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Style 5 mm long, ± pilose; stigma 0.7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67967 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000959303 morphology 363836F3-E49E-49C1-BD0E-0A10236D4B64 Fruits unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67968 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1008120-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Pyrophytic subshrub with caespitose shoots 7.5–50 cm tall (see note) from a horizontal rhizome, usually unbranched unless not burnt back, the stems ± densely short-pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67969 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Leaves opposite, alternate, or in whorls of 3–4, ± shiny and darker above, narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate or linear, 4–11 cm long, 1.1–3.1 cm wide, obtuse at the apex, cuneate at the base. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67970 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Flowers solitary in the axils or at base of plant sometimes in 2–9-flowered inflorescences, sweet-smelling; pedicels 0.6–2 cmlong, pubescent; bracteoles lanceolate to triangular-ovate, 1–2 mm long, persistent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67971 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Calyx-tube obconic, 1.5–2 mm long; lobes obovate, round or rounded triangular, 1.5–3 mm diameter, ciliate, glabrous or with few hairs on the faces. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67972 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Petals white or yellow, oblate-obovate or ± round, 4–7 mm long, 3–5 mm wide, ciliate or not. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67973 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Stamens ± 50; filaments 3–5 mm long; anthers 0.8–1.2 mm long in male flowers, shorter in female. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67974 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Receptacle glabrous between the stamens. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67975 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Style 5 mm long in female flowers with capitate stigma 1 mm long, lacking or much reduced in male flowers. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67976 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Fruits bright red, purple or black, ellipsoid or subglobose, 0.8–1.5 cm long, edible; pedicels 6 mm long, puberulous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67977 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000958000 morphology 529565AE-B7BC-46E5-860D-08BE9C926531 Fig. 14. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67978 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:595035-1 wfo-0000318267 morphology A6124310-E9CD-4EE2-A506-6C58A5E6E71B Tree 5–21 m tall, much branched with a bushy conical crown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67979 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601421-1 wfo-0000318267 morphology A6124310-E9CD-4EE2-A506-6C58A5E6E71B Leaves pink when young, rather shining, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, about 10x5 cm, very narrowly attenuate at the base, smelling of cloves when crushed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67980 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601421-1 wfo-0000318267 morphology A6124310-E9CD-4EE2-A506-6C58A5E6E71B Flowers in terminal cymose clusters; unopened buds green, pinkish or brilliant crimson; opened flowers purplish, about 6 mm wide but petals soon falling. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67981 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601421-1 wfo-0000318267 morphology A6124310-E9CD-4EE2-A506-6C58A5E6E71B Stamens greyish yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67982 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601421-1 wfo-0000318267 morphology A6124310-E9CD-4EE2-A506-6C58A5E6E71B Fruits dark purple, oblong-ellipsoid, 2–2.5 cm long, 1.3 cm wide, juicy, usually 1-seeded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67983 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601421-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Tree upto 18(–23) m tall with short crooked ribbed bole and brown flaky bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67984 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Leaves crimson when young, oblong to elliptic, 4.5–23 cm long, 1.5–11 cm wide, obtuse, retuse or shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate, rounded or slightly subcordate at the base, coriaceous; petiole 1–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67985 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Flowers white, ± 10 in terminal and axillary cymes, subsessile. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67986 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Calyx-tube 1.5–3 cm long; lobes ovate, up to 6 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67987 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Petals pinkish white, oblong, up to 1.2 cm long, 8 mm wide, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67988 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Stamens pink, up to 1.5 cm long; anthers white. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67989 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318257 morphology 1E8E5D09-A015-4160-8470-83B31BA73324 Fruit red, globose, 2 cm diameter, crowned with prominently necked persistent calyx-ring. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67990 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601415-1 wfo-0000318961 morphology E9294C79-7AC1-4A6F-B64F-9951CFB2F86D Conical tree 6–18 m tall with dense foliage and smooth flaky bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67991 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601907-1 wfo-0000318961 morphology E9294C79-7AC1-4A6F-B64F-9951CFB2F86D Leaves very variable, oblong to elliptic, 16–34 cm long, 5–15 cm wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, subcoriaceous; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67992 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601907-1 wfo-0000318961 morphology E9294C79-7AC1-4A6F-B64F-9951CFB2F86D Flowers crimson in ± sessile clusters on new or old wood. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67993 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601907-1 wfo-0000318961 morphology E9294C79-7AC1-4A6F-B64F-9951CFB2F86D Calyx 1.5 cm long, 8 mm wide with lobes ± round, 5 mm long, 4 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67994 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601907-1 wfo-0000318961 morphology E9294C79-7AC1-4A6F-B64F-9951CFB2F86D Petals elliptic, 10 mm long, 8 mm wide, obtuse. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67995 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601907-1 wfo-0000318961 morphology E9294C79-7AC1-4A6F-B64F-9951CFB2F86D Fruit white, yellow, reddish or pink-blotched, obovoid or oblong-pyriform, 2.5–6 cm long, scented, crowned with enlarged green sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67996 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601907-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Tree 6–15 m tall with grey bark. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67997 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Leaves somewhat discolorous, elliptic to oblanceolate, 2.5–6 cm long, 1.3–2.7 cm wide, rounded to shortly acute at the apex, cuneate at the base; lateral nerves ± 30 on each side, prominent on both sides; petiole 3–5 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67998 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Flowers few in terminal dichasia; pedicels 1–15 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:67999 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Calyx green with lobes tipped red but later all red; tube narrowly obconic, 5 mm long; lobes ± oblong, 3 mm long, 2.7 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68000 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Petals white, round, 4 mm long and wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68001 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Stamens white, 6–8 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68002 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Style 1.3 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68003 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000319156 morphology F8F64CF5-F72E-47F3-B746-D90AE60F3E7F Fruit pink or carmine-red, ovoid, 1.3–1.5 cm long, 0.8–1 cm wide, fleshy, not eaten. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68004 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602052-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Much branched bushy glabrous evergreen tree, 7.5–15 m tall. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68005 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Leaves lanceolate, 8–20 cm long, 1.3–5.5 cm wide, very acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, ± coriaceous; petiole 5–10 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68006 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Flowers ± 5 cm in diameter, in terminal corymbs; pedicels 3–9 mm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68007 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Calyx-lobes broadly rounded, 5–8 mm long, 8–12 mm wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68008 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Petals white or yellowish, ± round, 1.5 cm diameter, concave. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68009 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Stamens yellow, very conspicuous, 3–4 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68010 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Style 4–5 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68011 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318809 morphology 14A581C6-6914-483F-BDEF-9EE784E085F3 Fruit white or pale yellow, rose-tinged, subglobose or pyriform, 2.5–5 cm long, 2–4 cm wide, 1-seeded, the flesh edible and rose-scented. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68012 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601802-1 wfo-0000318521 morphology 08056E7B-4B6F-4B22-8D3C-2ED4185901ED Glabrous evergreen tree or large shrub, 6–25 m tall with spreading crown; outer bark pale yellow brown, white or grey, densely thinly flaky (described as rough or smooth); inner bark rough, thick and fibrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68013 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601603-1 wfo-0000318521 morphology 08056E7B-4B6F-4B22-8D3C-2ED4185901ED Leaves shiny, mostly very regularly oblong-elliptic but can be elliptic, oblanceolate-elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 6–17(–20) cm long, 2.5–8.5 cm wide, acuminate to a rounded tip which is often down-curved, cuneate at the base; ± coriaceous; main lateral nerves numerous and close, ± 40; petiole 0.8–2 cm long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68014 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601603-1 wfo-0000318521 morphology 08056E7B-4B6F-4B22-8D3C-2ED4185901ED Cymes terminal and axillary, or mostly lateral borne in the axils of fallen leaves on older stems, about 10 cm long; flowers drying pale orange-brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68015 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601603-1 wfo-0000318521 morphology 08056E7B-4B6F-4B22-8D3C-2ED4185901ED Calyx often drying orange-brown, obconic, 4–5 mm long, 3–4 mm wide, very obscurely 4(–5)-lobed, practically truncate, rim orange. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:68016 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601603-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Stamen-filaments 4–4.5(–6.5 in subsp. gazense) mm. long; anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17069 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Disk 2 mm. in diameter, with pilose margin free for ± 1 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17070 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Style up to 7.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17071 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Fruit (fig. 4/10, p. 15) brown, reddish brown or greyish brown to dark purple, usually somewhat “metallic” in appearance, variable in shape, 2.5–5.9 cm. long, lepidote with the scales often contiguous, glabrous (except for scales) to densely pubescent, glossy or dull; wings variable in breadth; stipe up to 8(–15) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17072 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Cotyledons 2, arising below soil-level on a stalk formed by their connate petioles, free part of petiole 2 mm. long (subsp. dumetorum from Angola differs in having a “normal” type of germination with the cotyledons arising above soil-level on short, quite free petioles and may be specifically distinct). urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17073 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616192 morphology 66AC47FF-344D-4C02-8A99-8D5452E40E25 Scales (fig. 1/10, p. 12) discoid or funnel-shaped, 55–180 μ in diameter, usually extensively divided by many radial and tangential walls to give ± 10–40 marginal cells. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17074 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170004-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Small tree up to 10(–12) m. high; bark grey, reticulately fissured; branches peeling to give dark reddish brown colour; branchlets glabrous, glutinous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17075 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Leaves opposite or 3(–4)-verticillate; lamina papyraceous to coriaceous, narrowly to broadly ovate-elliptic to ovate, up to 15(–20) cm. long and 9(–11) cm. wide, apex acute or obtuse, base usually cuneate, usually glutinous, especially so when young, rarely tomentose in East Africa to nearly glabrous (except for the scales), sparsely lepidote above, scales almost contiguous beneath but often very difficult to see due to the glutinous exudation; lateral nerves 7–10(–13) pairs, usually prominent on both surfaces, reticulation slightly raised beneath; petiole up to 1.5 cm. long, leaves sometimes subsessile, leaving a prominent circular scar when fallen, especially so on the swollen nodes of the older wood. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17076 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Inflorescences axillary, either single simple spikes or clusters of such spikes borne on very much reduced axillary shoots or single axillary spikes on elongated shoots (20 cm.) that are leafless at flowering thus giving the appearance of a branched inflorescence, both short and elongated shoots densely yellow-brown pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17077 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Flowers (fig. 3/11, p. 14) greenish yellow to white becoming yellow, fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17078 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Lower receptacle usually tomentose; upper receptacle infundibuliform to broadly campanulate at the base and cupuliform at the apex, 2–3 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, pubescent to tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17079 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Sepals broadly triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17080 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Petals cuneate or spathulate to obovate, 2–3 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17081 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Stamen-filaments 5–6 mm. long, inserted at the margin of the disk; anthers 0.8–1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17082 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Disk with pilose free margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17083 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Style 3–4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17084 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Fruit (fig. 4/11, p. 15) subcircular to elliptic in outline, 2.5–3.5 cm. long, 2.5–3 cm. wide, yellow-brown to brown, glutinous, rather inconspicuously lepidote, otherwise glabrous; apical peg up to 3 mm. long; wings up to 12 mm. broad; stipe up to 5(–7) mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17085 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Cotyledons 2, arising below soil-level and borne above ground on a long stalk formed by the connate petioles. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17086 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616304 morphology C8D1FC43-312C-4CC5-A7A8-5E2BB8073187 Scales (fig. 2/11, p. 13) 50–65 μ in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17087 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170088-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Small tree or bush up to 3 m. high; bark grey, longitudinally fissured; young branches yellow-brown pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17088 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Leaves opposite or 3-verticillate; lamina coriaceous, oblong-ovate, ovate or obovate, up to 35 cm. long, 9–13 cm. wide on mature trees (more information is needed to verify these observations), apex obtuse or subacute, base shortly attenuate, margin usually slightly sinuate; upper surface drying olive-brown, subglutinous, glabrescent except for the yellow-brown indumentum on the prominent midrib and lateral nerves; lower surface yellow-brown with light brown venation, venation with white to buff tomentum obscuring the sparse scales in the areoles; midrib, lateral nerves and reticulation strongly prominent beneath, laterals 8–20 pairs; petiole stout, up to 3.5 cm. long, leaving large sunken scars at the swollen nodes of the older branches. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17089 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Inflorescences axillary clusters of brown tomentose racemes 9–11 cm. long, usually 6 in number, sometimes borne along a short (2–3 cm. long) tomentose axillary shoot. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17090 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Lower receptacle 2–2.5 mm. long, velutinous-tomentose; upper receptacle cupular, 3–4 mm. long, 3–4 mm. in diameter, pubescence decreasing in density and becoming greyer towards the shallowly triangular sepals. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17091 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Petals broadly obovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17092 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Stamen-filaments slender, 5–6 mm. long; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17093 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Disk 2 mm. in diameter, with long-pilose margin free for 0.5 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17094 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Style up to 6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17095 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Fruit (fig. 4/12, p. 15) oblong-elliptic in outline, 3 cm. long, 2.3 cm. wide, pubescent at first, then glutinous, eventually wings a silky yellow-brown with darker shortly pubescent and glutinous centre; stipe stout, 2–3 mm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17096 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616762 morphology 7B5CD72B-52C8-4E8F-B2AD-05C3A466F995 Scales (fig. 2/12, p. 13) 50–65 μ in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17097 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170456-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Small to medium-sized tree up to 10(–13) m. high or rarely a shrub; bark brown or grey-brown, tessellated; branchlets light brown, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17098 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Leaves opposite or 3-verticillate; lamina chartaceous, broadly to narrowly elliptic to obovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, up to 14(–16) cm. long and 8(–10) cm. wide, apex usually rounded to obtuse, sometimes acute, base usually rounded, sometimes slightly cordate, usually tomentose (when young) or pubescent to almost glabrous (except for the scales), lepidote, but scales small and rather inconspicuous; lateral nerves 5–12 pairs, somewhat prominent beneath; petiole up to 1 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17099 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Inflorescences usually unbranched axillary spikes, up to 8 cm. long including the rather tomentose peduncle. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17100 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Flowers (fig. 3/13, p. 14) greenish yellow; odour, if any, not recorded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17101 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Lower receptacle tomentose; upper receptacle shortly infundibuliform, ± 2.5–3 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, pubescent and lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17102 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Sepals triangular. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17103 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Petals obovate-spathulate to spathulate, 1.5–3 mm. long, 0.8–1.2 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17104 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Stamen-filaments 5–8 mm. long, often reflexed ± 1 mm. below the anthers; anthers buff to orange, 1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17105 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Disk with pilose margin free for 1.5–2 mm. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17106 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Style precocious, 2.5 mm. long, swollen at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17107 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Fruit (fig. 4/13, p. 15) subcircular or elliptic to transversely elliptic (not in E. Africa), usually 6.5 cm. long by 5.5–6 cm. wide (rarely only 3–5 cm. long, 3–4 cm. wide, exceptionally up to 10 cm. long, 8 cm. wide), straw coloured to light brown, usually glabrescent, sometimes conspicuously lepidote on the body; apical peg very short or absent; wings up to 4 cm. wide; stipe 1–3 cm. long, usually relatively slender. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17108 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616927 morphology BF67C830-C907-410F-AD6F-BC4D78F47792 Cotyledons and scales (fig. 2/13) as for the section. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17109 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170592-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Generally a small tree 5–7 m. high, sometimes 10–17 m. high, sometimes shrubby; bark dark grey to black, rough, reticulately fissured (resembling crocodile skin); branchlets with bark peeling in grey fibrous strips. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17110 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Leaves opposite (sometimes 3-verticillate in coppice regrowth); lamina generally coriaceous, sometimes papyraceous (variant “A”), narrowly elliptic or narrowly ovate-elliptic or ovate-triangular or broadly ovate-elliptic or obovate or obovate-elliptic, up to 21 cm. long and 12.5 cm. wide, apex acute or obtuse, base cuneate or rounded or cordate, typically pubescent above and densely grey tomentose beneath, sometimes indumentum a dark velvety brown on the old leaves and pinkish on the young leaves, some forms almost glabrous above and pubescent beneath or glabrous on both surfaces (except for the scales); scales silvery or reddish, contiguous or almost so, but often hidden by the indumentum; lateral nerves 6–12 pairs, the parallel reticulation usually very prominent beneath (but less so in apparently transitional forms); petiole usually 2–3 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17111 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Inflorescences of axillary spikes up to 7(–11) cm. long, occasionally forming panicles by suppression of the upper leaves; peduncles 1–2 cm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17112 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Flowers yellow or greenish yellow, fragrant. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17113 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Lower receptacle tomentose; upper receptacle campanulate, 1.5–3 mm. long, 2–3 mm. in diameter, tomentose, lepidote. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17114 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Sepals broadly deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17115 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Petals sometimes minute or absent, irregularly obovate-deltate to reniform, 0.5–1 mm. long and wide, apex ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17116 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Stamen-filaments 5–6 mm. long, inserted at the margin of the disk; anthers 1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17117 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Disk with a very short pilose free margin less than 0.5 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17118 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Style 3–5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17119 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Fruit (fig. 5/14, p. 16) subcircular to elliptic in outline, 1.3–2.3(–2.5) cm. long, 1.5–2.3(–2.5) cm. wide, pale straw coloured to yellow-brown, lepidote and tomentose (especially on the body) to nearly glabrous (except for the scales); wings papyraceous (especially variant “A”); apical peg up to 1 mm. long; stipe 2.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17120 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Cotyledons 2, arising at or below soil-level. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17121 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616553 morphology FAE2AB87-4E6E-466F-81E0-DCFF09C42B87 Scales (fig. 2/14, p. 13) discoid with marginal cells usually concave, ± (75–)90–120 (–130) μ in diameter, usually with 8 radial walls and typically 8 (rarely 0) tangential walls and sometimes with many to several extra radial walls; marginal cells 8–11 (–16); cell walls clear and usually very thick; cells usually opaque. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17122 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170290-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Small tree up to 10 m. high, rarely a shrub; bark grey to greyish black, smooth or reticulated; leaf-buds black or dark brown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17123 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Leaves opposite; lamina subcoriaceous to papyraceous, glutinous when young, broadly to narrowly obovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic or ovate to subcircular, 3–14 cm. long, 1.5–7.5 cm. wide, apex usually apiculate or mucronate and usually twisted, base usually rounded to subcordate, mature leaves usually glabrous (except for scales) in E. Africa, sometimes pilose along the midrib and principal nerves beneath, then lamina less than 7 cm. long; scales yellowish red, not contiguous and sometimes inconspicuous due to the glutinous secretions; lateral nerves 5–10 pairs, reticulation rather inconspicuous to prominulous beneath; petiole up to 10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17124 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Inflorescences of axillary spikes up to 3–7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17125 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Flowers yellow, fragrance if any, not recorded. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17126 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Lower receptacle lepidote and otherwise hairy or glabrous; upper receptacle campanulate, 3–4 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. in diameter, lepidote and otherwise glabrous or pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17127 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Sepals broadly deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17128 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Petals obtriangular, 1.2 mm. long and wide, apex ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17129 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Stamen-filaments 5 mm. long, inserted at the margin of the disk; anthers 1.2–1.5 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17130 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Disk with a pilose scarcely free margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17131 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Style 4 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17132 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Fruit (fig. 5/15, p. 16) subcircular to elliptic or oblong-elliptic in outline, 2–3 cm. long, 1.5–2.5 cm. wide, glutinous when young, shiny when mature, lepidote and otherwise glabrous or pubescent; apical peg up to 1 mm. long; wings up to 7 mm. wide; stipe 4–8 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17133 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Cotyledons 2, arising below soil-level; petiole 4–5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17134 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616083 morphology CCFFF6F5-D372-4D35-8E1F-5E9B3B12FB7C Scales (fig. 2/15, p. 13) 45–75(–90) μ in diameter, scalloped at each marginal cell; cells delimited by (7–)8(–10) radial walls and sometimes also up to 5 tangential walls and rarely with extra radial walls, marginal cells 7–10; cell walls clear and thin, cells not opaque. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17135 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169913-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Slender-stemmed climber or scandent shrub. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17136 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Leaves opposite; lamina papyraceous, elliptic or broadly elliptic, up to 7 cm. long, 3.5 cm. wide, apex acuminate and slightly mucronate, base rounded, nerves on both surfaces rather sparsely pubescent to pilose, sparsely pilose on the areoles beneath, densely ciliate on the margin, rather inconspicuously lepidote; lateral nerves 5–6 pairs; petiole up to 1.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17137 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Inflorescences of unbranched axillary spikes up to 7 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17138 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Flowers yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17139 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Lower receptacle glabrous or nearly so; upper receptacle broadly campanulate, ± 1.5 mm. in diameter, 2 mm. long, sparsely and rather inconspicuously lepidote, otherwise glabrous or nearly so. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17140 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Sepals scarcely developed. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17141 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Petals subcircular, shortly clawed, 1 mm. long and wide, apex ciliate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17142 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Stamen-filaments 5 mm. long; anthers 0.5–0.6 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17143 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Disk with short free pilose margin. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17144 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Fruit (fig. 5/16, p. 16) subcircular in outline, up to 2.5 cm. long, 2.7 cm. wide, greenish yellow; wings sometimes red, ± 10 mm. broad, glutinous, ± glabrous except for scales; apical peg short or absent; stipe up to 7 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17145 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616042 morphology F705192A-68AD-4860-9A2A-83A6A464CC13 Scales (fig. 2/16, p. 13) 50–90(–100) μ in diameter, usually 8-celled with additional tangential and/or radial walls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17146 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169880-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Tree up to 17 m. high or large bush; bark grey, deeply rectangularly fissured or fairly smooth; branchlets usually tomentose when young, with the bark peeling off in large dark grey or purple-black strips or cylindrical or hemicylindrical pieces, leaving a newly exposed cinnamon-red surface. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17147 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Leaves opposite; lamina coriaceous, elliptic or oblong-elliptic or ovate-elliptic or ovate-oblong, 5–15(–24) cm. long, 3–10(–16) cm. wide, apex usually rounded or retuse and often mucronate or apiculate, base rounded or subcordate, densely ferruginous tomentose when young (except in subsp. psilophyllum where the young leaves are markedly glutinous), eventually white pubescent to pilose or tomentose on the reticulation beneath and glabrous on the areoles (subsp. psidioides) or ferruginous pubescent along the sides of the midrib and laterals (subsp. psilophyllum) or glabrous except for the scales (subsp. glabrum); scales reddish, widely scattered, inconspicuous; lateral nerves 8–16 pairs, reticulation rather prominent beneath; petiole 3–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17148 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Inflorescences of rather dense usually tomentose axillary spikes up to 10 cm. long usually appearing with the young leaves. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17149 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Flowers (fig. 3/17, p. 14) yellow. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17150 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Lower receptacle usually tomentose; upper receptacle broadly campanulate or cupuliform, 2.5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. in diameter, usually tomentose. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17151 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Sepals deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17152 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Petals obcuneate, 1.1 mm. long, 0.6 mm. wide, ciliate at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17153 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Stamen-filaments 6 mm. long; anthers 1.1 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17154 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Disk with pilose free margin 0.5–0.75 mm. wide. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17155 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Style 2–3 mm. long, slightly expanded at the apex. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17156 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Fruit (fig. 5/17, p. 16) subcircular or elliptic in outline, up to 3 cm. long, 3 cm. wide, usually crimson or pink, sometimes red-brown or tan, glutinous, nearly glabrous except for rather inconspicuous scales; apical peg absent; wings up to 13 mm. wide; stipe 2–10 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17157 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Cotyledons 2, arising below soil-level; petioles 4–4.5 cm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17158 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616684 morphology 52D659A4-E7A1-4554-AF75-37FE829807E4 Scales (fig. 2/17, p. 13) glistening, whitish or yellowish or reddish, often obscured by the indumentum, ± 40–50(–70) μ in diameter, circular, with 8 primary radial walls only, cell walls very thin and obscured by glutinous secretions. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17159 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170394-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Liane; branches at first fuscous pubescent, becoming glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17160 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Leaves opposite; lamina coriaceous, ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic, up to 19 cm. long and 9 cm. wide, apex acuminate, base obtuse to rounded, shortlypubescent on the venation beneath, becoming glabrescent, minutely and rather inconspicuously lepidote; lateral nerves 6–9 pairs, tertiary nerves parallel; petiole 8–10 mm. long (–20 mm. fide F.C.B.), generally densely pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17161 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Inflorescence of short rather crowded axillary spikes, appearing branched due to the suppression of the upper leaves, ± 2.5 cm. long on peduncles ± 1 cm. long; rhachis densely fuscous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17162 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Flowers (fig. 3/18, p. 14) cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17163 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Lower receptacle densely tomentose; upper receptacle tubular-campanulate, 4 mm. long, 2 mm. in diameter, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17164 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Sepals deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17165 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Petals 1–2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17166 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Stamen-filaments 6 mm. long, almost 1-seriate, at or very near the margin of the disk; anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17167 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Disk-margin pilose, not free. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17168 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Fruit (described from Nigerian material), fig. 5/18, p. 16, subcircular in outline, 2–2.5 cm. long, glabrous, glutinous, apex emarginate; apical peg absent; stipe 1–1.5 cm. long, pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17169 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Cotyledons not known. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17170 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616311 morphology 29561684-CDD8-40BE-8743-1938ACABCF5A Scales (fig. 2/18, p. 13) 35–50 μ in diameter, with (7–)8 primary radial walls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17171 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170095-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Scandent evergreen shrub; branches at first fuscous pubescent, becoming glabrescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17172 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Leaves opposite; lamina coriaceous, oblong to oblong-elliptic, up to 14 cm. long, 5.5 cm. wide, apex slightly and rather bluntly acuminate, base obtuse to rounded, glabrous or nearly so except for tufts of hairs in the axils of the nerves beneath and rather inconspicuously lepidote; lateral nerves 5–6 pairs, rather broadly spaced; petiole up to 9 mm. long, rather stout. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17173 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Inflorescence of short crowded axillary or terminal spikes sometimes branched by suppression of the upper leaves, ± 1 cm. long on peduncles ± 6 mm. long; rhachis fuscous pubescent. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17174 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Flowers cream. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17175 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Lower receptacle tomentose; upper receptacle elongate-campanulate, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. in diameter. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17176 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Sepals deltate. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17177 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Petals spathulate, 2–2.2 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, glabrous. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17178 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Stamen-filaments 4.5–5 mm. long, 1-seriate, at or very near the margin of the disk; anthers 0.9 mm. long. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17179 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Disk-margin pilose, not free. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17180 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Fruit unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17181 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Cotyledons unknown. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17182 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616216 morphology A6E557D7-B561-4573-8FBC-1D3CD75546BE Scales (fig. 2/19, p. 13) 40–60 μ in diameter, some with up to 16 primary walls. urn:kew.org:ftea:spec:desc:17183 urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170017-1 wfo-0000616365 morphology EB67AA60-2ADD-4BCE-8567-12012264AA93 Small tree up